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<document id="B16C72FBD316083D50493C3ED14E0665" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.191248" ID-GBIF-Dataset="448bea35-2e43-4b85-b167-6b852356b919" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="191248" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1461125867237" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Chen, Jing, Fang, Yan &amp; Qiao, Gexia" docDate="2009" docId="03CB8C2DFFE17415FF3437FD0339F985" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02284p040.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2284" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Euthoracaphis Takahashi" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="31" masterDocId="FFF2F455FFE07414FFA3365B024BFFF5" masterDocTitle="Euthoracaphis Takahashi (Hemiptera: Aphididae: Hormaphidinae), a generic account, description of a new species from China, and a key to species" masterLastPageNumber="40" masterPageNumber="30" pageNumber="31" updateTime="1698596733093" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="CEE78D6D14B4AD2D1AF9AA396E751862">Euthoracaphis Takahashi (Hemiptera: Aphididae: Hormaphidinae), a generic account, description of a new species from China, and a key to species</mods:title>
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<treatment id="03CB8C2DFFE17415FF3437FD0339F985" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6225248" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119626306" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6225248" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03CB8C2DFFE17415FF3437FD0339F985" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03CB8C2DFFE17415FF3437FD0339F985" lastPageNumber="31" pageId="1" pageNumber="31">
<subSubSection id="C3786EB0FFE17415FF3437FD0399FE35" box="[151,466,422,448]" pageId="1" pageNumber="31" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BDD3D3BFFE17415FF3437FD0399FE35" blockId="1.[151,466,422,448]" box="[151,466,422,448]" pageId="1" pageNumber="31">
<heading id="D0958A57FFE17415FF3437FD0399FE35" bold="true" box="[151,466,422,448]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="31" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C6246B8FFE17415FF3437FD0399FE35" authority="Takahashi" authorityName="Takahashi" box="[151,466,422,448]" class="Insecta" family="Aphididae" genus="Euthoracaphis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aphidomorpha" pageId="1" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B916E129FFE17415FF3437FD0399FE35" bold="true" box="[151,466,422,448]" pageId="1" pageNumber="31">
<emphasis id="B916E129FFE17415FF3437FD0301FE35" bold="true" box="[151,330,422,448]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="31">Euthoracaphis</emphasis>
Takahashi
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3786EB0FFE17415FF3437AB00E8FD72" pageId="1" pageNumber="31" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BDD3D3BFFE17415FF3437AB0302FDD2" blockId="1.[151,1436,495,647]" pageId="1" pageNumber="31">
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<taxonomicName id="4C6246B8FFE17415FF3437AB00F7FDF2" authority="Takahashi, 1938: 14" authorityName="Takahashi" authorityPageNumber="14" authorityYear="1938" box="[151,700,496,519]" class="Insecta" family="Aphididae" genus="Thoracaphis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aphidomorpha" pageId="1" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Euthoracaphis">
<emphasis id="B916E129FFE17415FF3437AB0355FDF2" box="[151,286,496,519]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="31">Thoracaphis</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B916E129FFE17415FE8C37AB0387FDF2" box="[303,460,496,519]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="31">Euthoracaphis</emphasis>
)
<treatmentCitation id="0AC31B2AFFE17415FE7D37AB00F7FDF2" author="Takahashi" box="[478,700,496,519]" page="14" pageId="1" pageNumber="31" year="1938">
<bibRefCitation id="EFF340CAFFE17415FE7D37AB00D9FDF2" author="Takahashi" box="[478,658,496,519]" pageId="1" pageNumber="40" refString="Takahashi, R. (1938) List of the aphid genera proposed in recent years (Hemiptera). Tenthredo, 2, 1 - 18." type="journal article" year="1938">Takahashi, 1938</bibRefCitation>
: 14
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
<emphasis id="B916E129FFE17415FD6B37B4012BFDF2" bold="true" box="[712,864,495,519]" pageId="1" pageNumber="31">
<typeStatus id="54D98399FFE17415FD6B37B4014BFDF2" box="[712,768,495,519]" pageId="1" pageNumber="31">Type</typeStatus>
species:
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C6246B8FFE17415FCCA37AB0752FDF2" authority="Essig, 1932" authorityName="Essig" authorityYear="1932" box="[873,1305,496,519]" class="Insecta" family="Aphididae" genus="Thoracaphis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aphidomorpha" pageId="1" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="umbellulariae">
<emphasis id="B916E129FFE17415FCCA37AB06C4FDF2" box="[873,1167,496,519]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="31">Thoracaphis umbellulariae</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFF340CAFFE17415FB3437AB0752FDF2" author="Essig" box="[1175,1305,496,519]" pageId="1" pageNumber="40" refString="Essig, E. O. (1932) A genus and species of the family Aphididae new to North America. University of California Publications in Entomology, 6, 1 - 8." type="journal article" year="1932">Essig, 1932</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
; by original designation.
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</paragraph>
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<taxonomicName id="4C6246B8FFE17415FF34346B03E0FDB2" authority="Takahashi" authorityName="Takahashi" box="[151,427,560,583]" class="Insecta" family="Aphididae" genus="Euthoracaphis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aphidomorpha" pageId="1" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B916E129FFE17415FF34346B037FFDB2" box="[151,308,560,583]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="31">Euthoracaphis</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0AC31B2AFFE17415FE98346B03E0FDB2" author="Takahashi" box="[315,427,560,583]" page="8" pageId="1" pageNumber="31" year="1959">
<bibRefCitation id="EFF340CAFFE17415FE98346B03E0FDB2" author="Takahashi" box="[315,427,560,583]" pageId="1" pageNumber="40" refString="Takahashi, R. (1959) Some aphids related to Nipponaphis Pergande in Japan (Homoptera). Bulletin of University of Osaka Prefecture. Series B, 9, 1 - 8." type="journal article" year="1959">Takahashi</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
: Takahashi, 1959: 8;
<treatmentCitation id="0AC31B2AFFE17415FD2D346B0643FDB2" author="Ghosh" box="[654,1032,560,583]" page="156" pageId="1" pageNumber="31" year="1973">
<bibRefCitation id="EFF340CAFFE17415FD2D346B0198FDB2" author="Ghosh" box="[654,979,560,583]" pageId="1" pageNumber="40" refString="Ghosh, A. K. &amp; Raychaudhuri, D. N. (1973) Studies on the aphids (Homoptera: Aphididae) from Eastern India XV. A study of Nipponaphis Pergande and related genera with descriptions of a new genus and eight new species from Eastern India Part I. Kontyu, 41, 148 - 165." type="journal article" year="1973">Ghosh &amp; Raychaudhuri, 1973</bibRefCitation>
: 156
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="0AC31B2AFFE17415FBB7346B037CFD92" author="Raychaudhuri" page="373" pageId="1" pageNumber="31" year="1980">
<bibRefCitation id="EFF340CAFFE17415FBB7346B034BFD92" author="Raychaudhuri" pageId="1" pageNumber="40" refString="Raychaudhuri, D. N., Ghosh, M. R., Pal, P. K. &amp; Ghosh, A. K. (1980) Taxonomy of aphids of North-East India and Bhutan. Taxonomic accounts of the subfamilies. Subfamily Hormaphidinae. In: Raychaudhuri, D. N. (Eds.), Aphids of North- East India and Bhutan. The Zoological Society, Calcutta, pp. 358 - 394." type="book chapter" year="1980">Raychaudhuri, Ghosh, Pal &amp; Ghosh, 1980</bibRefCitation>
: 373
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="0AC31B2AFFE17415FEE7340B0042FD92" author="Ghosh" box="[324,521,592,615]" page="137" pageId="1" pageNumber="31" year="1988">
<bibRefCitation id="EFF340CAFFE17415FEE7340B0399FD92" author="Ghosh" box="[324,466,592,615]" pageId="1" pageNumber="40" refString="Ghosh, A. K. (1988) The Fauna of India and the Adjacent Countries (Homoptera: Aphidoidea) Part 4 Subfamilies: Phloemyzinae, Anoeciinae and Hormaphidinae. Zoological Survey of India, Calcutta, 429 pp." type="book" year="1988">Ghosh, 1988</bibRefCitation>
: 137
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="0AC31B2AFFE17415FDB5340B00B1FD92" author="Noordam" box="[534,762,592,615]" page="162" pageId="1" pageNumber="31" year="1991">
<bibRefCitation id="EFF340CAFFE17415FDB5340B0088FD92" author="Noordam" box="[534,707,592,615]" pageId="1" pageNumber="40" refString="Noordam, D. (1991) Hormaphidinae from Java (Homoptera: Aphididae). Zoologische Verhandelingen, 270, 1 - 525." type="journal article" year="1991">Noordam, 1991</bibRefCitation>
: 162
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="0AC31B2AFFE17415FCA4340B062AFD92" author="Blackman" box="[775,1121,592,615]" page="690" pageId="1" pageNumber="31" year="1994">
<bibRefCitation id="EFF340CAFFE17415FCA4340B0661FD92" author="Blackman" box="[775,1066,592,615]" pageId="1" pageNumber="40" refString="Blackman, R. L. &amp; Eastop, V. F. (1994) Aphids on the World's Trees. An Identification and Information Guide. CAB International in Association with the Natural History Museum, Wallingford, UK, 987 pp." type="book" year="1994">Blackman &amp; Eastop, 1994</bibRefCitation>
: 690
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="0AC31B2AFFE17415FBCD340B037EFD72" author="Remaudiere" page="186" pageId="1" pageNumber="31" year="1997">
<bibRefCitation id="EFF340CAFFE17415FBCD340B034BFD72" author="Remaudiere" pageId="1" pageNumber="40" refString="Remaudiere, G. &amp; Remaudiere, M. (1997) Catalogue of the World's Aphididae. Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Paris, 473 pp." type="book" year="1997">Remaudière &amp; Remaudière, 1997</bibRefCitation>
: 186
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="0AC31B2AFFE17415FEE3342B00EBFD72" author="Blackman" box="[320,672,624,647]" page="1160" pageId="1" pageNumber="31" year="2006">
<bibRefCitation id="EFF340CAFFE17415FEE3342B0016FD72" author="Blackman" box="[320,605,624,647]" pageId="1" pageNumber="40" refString="Blackman, R. L. &amp; Eastop, V. F. (2006) Aphids on the World's Herbaceous Plants and Shrubs. John Wiley &amp; Sons, Chichester, New York, 1460 pp." type="book" year="2006">Blackman &amp; Eastop, 2006</bibRefCitation>
: 1160
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3786EB0FFE17415FF3434ED012BFBA6" pageId="1" pageNumber="31" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BDD3D3BFFE17415FF3434ED012BFBA6" blockId="1.[151,1437,694,1648]" pageId="1" pageNumber="31">
<emphasis id="B916E129FFE17415FF3434ED0357FD25" bold="true" box="[151,284,694,720]" pageId="1" pageNumber="31">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Body flat, oval. In apterae, prosoma consists of fused head, thorax and abdominal segment I, dorsum of prosoma divided by sutures into a large median and two lateral areas; abdominal segments IIVII fused and distinctly separated from prosoma and abdominal segment VIII. In apterae, dorsum with scattered sculpture or pustules; dorsal setae long, fine, sparse or numerous, submarginal setae on abdominal tergites II VII arranged in pairs; abdominal tergite VIII with 2 or 4 setae. Antennae in apterae short, 3-segmented; in alatae 5-segmented, with annular secondary rhinaria. Rostrum short and stout, ultimate rostral segment longer than second hind tarsal segment, without secondary setae. Legs normal, tibial setae long and fine; tarsi 2- segmented, claws normal, first tarsal chaetotaxy: 3, 3, 2 or 3, 3, 3; dorsoapical setae on second tarsal segment expanded at apex. Siphunculi small, pore-like. Cauda constricted at base and distinctly knobbed, with a few setae. Anal plate bilobed. Fore wings with pterostigma a little dusky, vein sometimes distinctly bordered brownish, media once branched; hind wings with 2 obliques.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3786EB0FFE17415FF66320406D3FB1B" pageId="1" pageNumber="31" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BDD3D3BFFE17415FF663204018AFB8F" blockId="1.[151,1437,694,1648]" box="[197,961,1119,1146]" pageId="1" pageNumber="31">
<emphasis id="B916E129FFE17415FF663204032EFB8C" bold="true" box="[197,357,1119,1145]" pageId="1" pageNumber="31">Distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="F3757DABFFE17415FECF323B03FEFB8F" box="[364,437,1120,1146]" name="China" pageId="1" pageNumber="31">China</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F3757DABFFE17415FE62323B004BFB8F" box="[449,512,1120,1146]" name="India" pageId="1" pageNumber="31">India</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F3757DABFFE17415FDAF323B00CAFB8F" box="[524,641,1120,1146]" name="Indonesia" pageId="1" pageNumber="31">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F3757DABFFE17415FD2F323B0084FB8F" box="[652,719,1120,1146]" name="Japan" pageId="1" pageNumber="31">Japan</collectingCountry>
and North
<collectingCountry id="F3757DABFFE17415FCF7323B01F6FB8F" box="[852,957,1120,1146]" name="United States of America" pageId="1" pageNumber="31">America</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDD3D3BFFE17415FF6632DD06D3FB1B" blockId="1.[151,1437,694,1648]" pageId="1" pageNumber="31">
<emphasis id="B916E129FFE17415FF6632DD0327FB55" bold="true" box="[197,364,1158,1184]" pageId="1" pageNumber="31">Host plants.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C6246B8FFE17415FED632DD03B4FB55" box="[373,511,1158,1184]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lauraceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Laurales" pageId="1" pageNumber="31" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Lauraceae</taxonomicName>
:
<taxonomicName id="4C6246B8FFE17415FDAF32DC0105FB55" box="[524,846,1159,1184]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lauraceae" genus="Cinnamomum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Laurales" pageId="1" pageNumber="31" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="burmannii">
<emphasis id="B916E129FFE17415FDAF32DC0105FB55" box="[524,846,1159,1184]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="31">Cinnamomum burmannii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C6246B8FFE17415FCC332DC0643FB55" box="[864,1032,1159,1184]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lauraceae" genus="Cinnamomum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Laurales" pageId="1" pageNumber="31" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="camphora">
<emphasis id="B916E129FFE17415FCC332DC0643FB55" box="[864,1032,1159,1184]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="31">C. camphora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C6246B8FFE17415FBB832DC06BFFB55" box="[1051,1268,1159,1184]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lauraceae" genus="Cinnamomum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Laurales" pageId="1" pageNumber="31" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="camphoratum">
<emphasis id="B916E129FFE17415FBB832DC06BFFB55" box="[1051,1268,1159,1184]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="31">C. camphoratum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C6246B8FFE17415FAA632DC0726FB55" box="[1285,1389,1158,1184]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lauraceae" genus="Cinnamomum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Laurales" pageId="1" pageNumber="31" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="iners">
<emphasis id="B916E129FFE17415FAA632DC0753FB55" box="[1285,1304,1159,1184]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="31">C</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B916E129FFE17415FA8F32DC0726FB55" box="[1324,1389,1159,1184]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="31">iners</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C6246B8FFE17415FA2332DC0352FB33" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lauraceae" genus="Cinnamomum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Laurales" pageId="1" pageNumber="31" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="japonicum">
<emphasis id="B916E129FFE17415FA2332DC0352FB33" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="31">C. japonicum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C6246B8FFE17415FE8A32F603B0FB33" box="[297,507,1197,1222]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lauraceae" genus="Cinnamomum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Laurales" pageId="1" pageNumber="31" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pedunculatum">
<emphasis id="B916E129FFE17415FE8A32F603B0FB33" box="[297,507,1197,1222]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="31">C. pedunculatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C6246B8FFE17415FDAF32F60036FB33" box="[524,637,1197,1223]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lauraceae" genus="Cinnamomum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Laurales" pageId="1" pageNumber="31" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="verum">
<emphasis id="B916E129FFE17415FDAF32F60054FB33" box="[524,543,1197,1222]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="31">C</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B916E129FFE17415FD9232F60036FB33" box="[561,637,1197,1222]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="31">verum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C6246B8FFE17415FD2D32F601EAFB33" box="[654,929,1197,1222]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lauraceae" genus="Machilus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Laurales" pageId="1" pageNumber="31" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="yunnanensis">
<emphasis id="B916E129FFE17415FD2D32F601EAFB33" box="[654,929,1197,1222]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="31">Machilus yunnanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C6246B8FFE17415FC1232F606F2FB33" box="[945,1209,1197,1222]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lauraceae" genus="Sassafras" kingdom="Plantae" order="Laurales" pageId="1" pageNumber="31" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="variifolium">
<emphasis id="B916E129FFE17415FC1232F606F2FB33" box="[945,1209,1197,1222]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="31">Sassafras variifolium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C6246B8FFE17415FB5432F6035CFB18" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lauraceae" genus="Umbellularia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Laurales" pageId="1" pageNumber="31" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="californica">
<emphasis id="B916E129FFE17415FB5432F6035CFB18" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="31">Umbellularia californica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. But
<taxonomicName id="4C6246B8FFE17415FEFB328F03B6FB18" box="[344,509,1236,1261]" class="Insecta" family="Aphididae" genus="Euthoracaphis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aphidomorpha" pageId="1" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longisetosa">
<emphasis id="B916E129FFE17415FEFB328F03B6FB18" box="[344,509,1236,1261]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="31">E. longisetosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from northeast
<collectingCountry id="F3757DABFFE17415FD1B328F00BFFB1B" box="[696,756,1236,1262]" name="India" pageId="1" pageNumber="31">India</collectingCountry>
feeds on
<taxonomicName id="4C6246B8FFE17415FCC6328F018BFB18" box="[869,960,1236,1261]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Senecio" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="1" pageNumber="31" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B916E129FFE17415FCC6328F018BFB18" box="[869,960,1236,1261]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="31">Senecio</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. (Compositae).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3786EB0FFE17415FF6632A10115FA7D" pageId="1" pageNumber="31" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BDD3D3BFFE17415FF6632A10115FA7D" blockId="1.[151,1437,694,1648]" pageId="1" pageNumber="31">
<emphasis id="B916E129FFE17415FF6632A1031EFAE1" bold="true" box="[197,341,1274,1300]" pageId="1" pageNumber="31">Comments.</emphasis>
This genus is characterized by the unique division of the prosoma in apterae. Most species infest host plants in
<taxonomicName id="4C6246B8FFE17415FE2E337A0047FACE" box="[397,524,1313,1339]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lauraceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Laurales" pageId="1" pageNumber="31" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Lauraceae</taxonomicName>
, except
<taxonomicName id="4C6246B8FFE17415FDCC337A0150FACF" box="[623,795,1313,1338]" class="Insecta" family="Aphididae" genus="Euthoracaphis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aphidomorpha" pageId="1" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longisetosa">
<emphasis id="B916E129FFE17415FDCC337A0150FACF" box="[623,795,1313,1338]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="31">E. longisetosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
on Compositae.
<taxonomicName id="4C6246B8FFE17415FC4A337A06FFFACF" box="[1001,1204,1313,1338]" class="Insecta" family="Aphididae" genus="Thoracaphis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aphidomorpha" pageId="1" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="umbellulariae">
<emphasis id="B916E129FFE17415FC4A337A06FFFACF" box="[1001,1204,1313,1338]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="31">E. umbellulariae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was reported to be anholocyclic in California (
<bibRefCitation id="EFF340CAFFE17415FE4B3313017AFA97" author="Blackman" box="[488,817,1352,1378]" pageId="1" pageNumber="40" refString="Blackman, R. L. &amp; Eastop, V. F. (1994) Aphids on the World's Trees. An Identification and Information Guide. CAB International in Association with the Natural History Museum, Wallingford, UK, 987 pp." type="book" year="1994">Blackman &amp; Eastop, 1994</bibRefCitation>
), but life cycles of other species are unknown. All species of this genus occur in subtropical or tropical regions.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3786EB0FFE17415FF6633CE0339F985" pageId="1" pageNumber="31" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BDD3D3BFFE17415FF6633CE0339F985" blockId="1.[151,1437,694,1648]" pageId="1" pageNumber="31">
<taxonomicName id="4C6246B8FFE17415FF6633CE0339FA5B" box="[197,370,1429,1454]" class="Insecta" family="Aphididae" genus="Euthoracaphis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aphidomorpha" pageId="1" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B916E129FFE17415FF6633CE0339FA5B" box="[197,370,1429,1454]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="31">Euthoracaphis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is closely related to
<taxonomicName id="4C6246B8FFE17415FDC533CE00B7FA5B" box="[614,764,1429,1454]" class="Insecta" family="Aphididae" genus="Nipponaphis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aphidomorpha" pageId="1" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B916E129FFE17415FDC533CE00B7FA5B" box="[614,764,1429,1454]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="31">Nipponaphis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C6246B8FFE17415FC9533CE0181FA5B" box="[822,970,1429,1454]" class="Insecta" family="Aphididae" genus="Thoracaphis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aphidomorpha" pageId="1" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B916E129FFE17415FC9533CE0181FA5B" box="[822,970,1429,1454]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="31">Thoracaphis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in several characteristics, such as body flat, consisting of three parts: prosoma, fused abdominal segments IIVII and separated abdominal segment VIII; dorsum with scattered sculpture or pustules (
<bibRefCitation id="EFF340CAFFE17415FD4733B901E1FA09" author="Takahashi" box="[740,938,1506,1532]" pageId="1" pageNumber="40" refString="Takahashi, R. (1959) Some aphids related to Nipponaphis Pergande in Japan (Homoptera). Bulletin of University of Osaka Prefecture. Series B, 9, 1 - 8." type="journal article" year="1959">Takahashi, 1959</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFF340CAFFE17415FC1633B90752FA09" author="Ghosh" box="[949,1305,1506,1532]" pageId="1" pageNumber="40" refString="Ghosh, A. K. &amp; Raychaudhuri, D. N. (1973) Studies on the aphids (Homoptera: Aphididae) from Eastern India XV. A study of Nipponaphis Pergande and related genera with descriptions of a new genus and eight new species from Eastern India Part I. Kontyu, 41, 148 - 165." type="journal article" year="1973">Ghosh &amp; Raychaudhuri, 1973</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFF340CAFFE17415FA8633B90318F9D6" author="Blackman" pageId="1" pageNumber="40" refString="Blackman, R. L. &amp; Eastop, V. F. (1994) Aphids on the World's Trees. An Identification and Information Guide. CAB International in Association with the Natural History Museum, Wallingford, UK, 987 pp." type="book" year="1994">Blackman &amp; Eastop, 1994</bibRefCitation>
). However, the dorsum of the prosoma is divided into several areas in
<taxonomicName id="4C6246B8FFE17415FB2F30520773F9D7" box="[1164,1336,1545,1570]" class="Insecta" family="Aphididae" genus="Euthoracaphis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aphidomorpha" pageId="1" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B916E129FFE17415FB2F30520773F9D7" box="[1164,1336,1545,1570]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="31">Euthoracaphis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
apterae. This is a unique genus within
<taxonomicName id="4C6246B8FFE17415FE55306B00FAF9BF" box="[502,689,1584,1610]" class="Insecta" family="Aphididae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aphidomorpha" pageId="1" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Nipponaphidini">Nipponaphidini</taxonomicName>
, and its relationships to other genera and its systematic position need further study.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>