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<document id="72E04DEA798BE719EEE2E947255EF028" ID-CLB-Dataset="6338" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.4689932" ID-GBIF-Dataset="34c0b6e4-12a3-4470-8aa2-e632c4e8854f" ID-ISSN="1638-9387" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4689932" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1618438023714" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Salazar-Vallejo, Sergio I., Bailey-Brock, Julie H. &amp; Dreyer, Jennifer C." docDate="2007" docId="03C5E0447142FFC9FEC8E718FC67DCE4" docLanguage="en" docName="Zoosystema.29.3.535-553.pdf" docOrigin="Zoosystema 29 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:2A9C6F9EA5F90D98170D9E0D9CA29375.4:Zoosystema.2000-2008.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="2A9C6F9EA5F90D98170D9E0D9CA29375" docStyleName="Zoosystema.2000-2008.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Pseudexogone backstromi Augener 1922" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="542" masterDocId="FFFC983C7146FFCEFE6AE376FF92DD74" masterDocTitle="Revision of Pseudexogone Augener, 1922 (Annelida, Polychaeta, Syllidae), and its transfer to Pilargidae" masterLastPageNumber="553" masterPageNumber="535" pageNumber="539" updateTime="1698936629142" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC0-1.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC0-1.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
<mods:mods id="B929863C8AF03F75B3E65AE65AB06D85" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="26FB215F15B0EA7E10710058A29869CB">
<mods:title id="43B0F4F1CF4ACC8C8655386D5F8F0F9A">Revision of Pseudexogone Augener, 1922 (Annelida, Polychaeta, Syllidae), and its transfer to Pilargidae</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="3795A91122C04A14FE54551CFA18CB48" type="personal">
<mods:role id="D9C1F80550CC3AA9D3B736C7AB29DECD">
<mods:roleTerm id="826C46CA1C4A00EFBB8B25BB6FA9A61E">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="04D6BDB905CE7584D11B0344FFA5C919">Salazar-Vallejo, Sergio I.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="CAF5EED3A2DC4336DC9FF601814C4C8C">El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, Departamento Ecología Acuática, Apartado Postal 424, Chetumal, Quintana Roo, 77000 (Mexico) salazar @ ecosur-qroo. mx</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="4C8A85710E500B1CDC43C751F4D66FF1" type="personal">
<mods:role id="0257715EC8CC275DF2EF420303E389E3">
<mods:roleTerm id="85897D95A1522BB7238804A7F405A174">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="C29B492967575325AA766423F96956DB">Bailey-Brock, Julie H.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="063D271F38F8E2205ABE2D6B0BE0CA28">University of Hawaii at Manoa, Department of Zoology, Honolulu, HI 96822 (USA) jbrock @ hawaii. edu</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="320D8032391625611EFE4F84ADC392F2" type="email">jbrock@hawaii.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="9626EFC95A8C1D2CA202B92DC96A8835" type="personal">
<mods:role id="C3D37B9DB6C315772DD4FFD7E7260BC9">
<mods:roleTerm id="2CEEF3DA974C6382037EB7C88311C92B">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="8AB7BFB1F35441AEC8DBBF90370C5B8A">Dreyer, Jennifer C.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="D62B18A2A30D4AA82D25232CC2CA1B44">University of Hawaii at Manoa, Department of Zoology, Honolulu, HI 96822 (USA) Present address: Virginia Institute of Marine Science, Gloucester Point, VA 23062 (USA) jcdrey @ vims. edu</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="1325FD07F469653C902CA580B8C0674E" type="email">jcdrey@vims.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="4ED7F0939DB80A574B607106BC4C1B2F">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="317F19FBEC95C50829AC2553FC54275C">
<mods:title id="B0DD1A58B8E232987993FA6D8E2E9C78">Zoosystema</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="C621096B40695ED3FE3366D1BE07C1CF">
<mods:date id="31F4C370B15CEAB9A74B5AB73E9BAC98">2007</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="CAC070BAA56FFB8B8556D65593654976" type="volume">
<mods:number id="8296A2533FB1895008E5D2C0A661B319">29</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="C9AEB3AFBA217D1A52252A084DC9F402" type="issue">
<mods:number id="4F5FB06A02D48AE7A4E46BCC4550CA60">3</mods:number>
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<mods:extent id="D2881B5469CF9B2B78D64D8553883143" unit="page">
<mods:start id="09C49A54A9DE485E28F53049F179E67F">535</mods:start>
<mods:end id="AAE5B8DFC8166D0FF82807DBCF9DE10C">553</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
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<mods:classification id="4084A9045ECCFF5FFCAAC92100BEAFBE">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="CBBB2951EA247EEB86BC6877686B0498" type="CLB-Dataset">6338</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="273F7C10958D0A83C2B15A7148044521" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.4689932</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="C078AAAADACDCB29A9617BEE6A93D472" type="GBIF-Dataset">34c0b6e4-12a3-4470-8aa2-e632c4e8854f</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="824F2619FC64C24BCD7B40AB7CEEEFF1" type="ISSN">1638-9387</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="BCCE33CB067A312A375A09AA94DB63E4" type="Zenodo-Dep">4689932</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="03C5E0447142FFC9FEC8E718FC67DCE4" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4893375" ID-GBIF-Taxon="182484816" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4893375" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C5E0447142FFC9FEC8E718FC67DCE4" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C5E0447142FFC9FEC8E718FC67DCE4" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="542" pageId="4" pageNumber="539">
<subSubSection id="C37602D97142FFCAFEC8E718FDC4D9FD" box="[162,598,1134,1161]" pageId="4" pageNumber="539" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BD351527142FFCAFEC8E718FDC4D9FD" blockId="4.[162,598,1134,1192]" box="[162,598,1134,1161]" pageId="4" pageNumber="539">
<taxonomicName id="4C6C2AD17142FFCAFEC8E718FDC4D9FD" ID-CoL="4NN75" authority="Augener, 1922" authorityName="Augener" authorityYear="1922" box="[162,598,1134,1161]" class="Polychaeta" family="Pilargidae" genus="Pseudexogone" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="4" pageNumber="539" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="backstromi">
<emphasis id="B9188D407142FFCAFEC8E718FE22D9FD" bold="true" box="[162,432,1134,1161]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="539">Pseudexogone backstromi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD2CA37142FFCAFFD2E719FDC4D9FD" author="AUGENER H." box="[440,598,1135,1161]" pageId="4" pageNumber="539" pagination="161 - 218" refId="ref9805" refString="AUGENER H. 1922. - Litorale Polychaeten von Juan Fernandez, in SKOTTSBERG C. (ed.), The Natural History of Juan Fernandez and Easter Island, volume 3, Zoology, Part 2. Almqvist &amp; Wiksells, Uppsala: 161 - 218." type="book chapter" year="1922">Augener, 1922</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37602D97142FFCAFF2FE7F8FE20D9DC" box="[325,434,1166,1192]" pageId="4" pageNumber="539" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BD351527142FFCAFF2FE7F8FE20D9DC" blockId="4.[162,598,1134,1192]" box="[325,434,1166,1192]" pageId="4" pageNumber="539">
(
<figureCitation id="13574DD77142FFCAFF26E7F8FE1CD9DC" box="[332,398,1166,1192]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="5.[113,124,1223,1240]" captionTargetBox="[159,1163,215,1182]" captionTargetId="figure-19@5.[159,1163,215,1182]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIG. 1. — Pseudexogone backstromi Augener,1922:A, entire worm in dorsal view (c. 9 mm long); B, anterior end in dorsal view (0.05 mm wide), median and left lateral antennae missing; C, bidentate notospines in frontal and side view; D, tip of finely spinulose capillary; E, posterior end in dorsal view (redrawn and rearranged from the original illustrations by Augener 1922). Abbreviations: see p. 536." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4689934" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4689934/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="539">Figs 1</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="13574DD77142FFCAFFF6E7F8FE39D9DC" box="[412,427,1166,1192]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="6.[113,124,1394,1411]" captionTargetBox="[113,1210,216,1351]" captionTargetId="figure-36@6.[478,844,783,879]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIG. 2. — Pseudexogone backstromi Augener,1922: A, complete specimen, anterior end over the left upper corner; B, same, anterior end in dorsal view, notice smooth integument (inset: close-up of ciliary bundles area; arrows point their bases); C, same, seen from the right,notice the everted pharynx and the ventrolateral papilla;D, anterior parapodium showing furcates and denticulates;E, same, close-up to show details of furcates; F, median parapodium; G, same,notospine; H, posterior end in dorsal view showing dorsal anus and ventrolateral anal cirrus (right one lost). Abbreviations: see p. 536. Scale bars: A, 333 µm; B, 33.3 µm; C, H, 25.0 µm, D, 7.14 µm; E, 3.22 µm; F, 11.7 µm; G, 2.50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4689936" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4689936/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="539">2</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37602D97142FFCAFE1BE7B3FDFFD983" pageId="4" pageNumber="539" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BD351527142FFCAFE1BE7B3FDFFD983" blockId="4.[113,646,1221,1271]" pageId="4" pageNumber="539">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB7C767C7142FFCAFE1BE7B3FDFFD983" pageId="4" pageNumber="539">
<treatmentCitation id="0ACD77437142FFCAFE1BE7B3FDB2D9A9" author="AUGENER H." box="[113,544,1221,1245]" page="194" pageId="4" pageNumber="539" year="1922">
<taxonomicName id="4C6C2AD17142FFCAFE1BE7B3FDB2D9A9" ID-CoL="4NN75" authority="Augener, 1922: 192 - 194" authorityName="Augener" authorityPageNumber="192 - 194" authorityYear="1922" box="[113,544,1221,1245]" class="Polychaeta" family="Pilargidae" genus="Pseudexogone" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="4" pageNumber="539" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="backstromi">
<emphasis id="B9188D407142FFCAFE1BE7B3FED0D9A9" box="[113,322,1221,1245]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="539">Pseudexogone backstromi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD2CA37142FFCAFF2CE7B3FDB2D9A9" author="AUGENER H." box="[326,544,1221,1245]" pageId="4" pageNumber="539" pagination="161 - 218" refId="ref9805" refString="AUGENER H. 1922. - Litorale Polychaeten von Juan Fernandez, in SKOTTSBERG C. (ed.), The Natural History of Juan Fernandez and Easter Island, volume 3, Zoology, Part 2. Almqvist &amp; Wiksells, Uppsala: 161 - 218." type="book chapter" year="1922">Augener, 1922:192-194</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
, textfig.7ac, only pl. 4-4b. —
<treatmentCitation id="0ACD77437142FFCAFF44E7A9FE65D983" author="ROZBACZYLO N." box="[302,503,1247,1271]" page="75" pageId="4" pageNumber="539" year="1985">
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD2CA37142FFCAFF44E7A9FE65D983" author="ROZBACZYLO N." box="[302,503,1247,1271]" pageId="4" pageNumber="539" pagination="1 - 284" refId="ref10199" refString="ROZBACZYLO N. 1985. - Los anelidos poliquetos de Chile: indice sinonimico y distribucion geografica de especies. Facultad de Ciencias Biologicas, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Monografias Biologicas 3: 1 - 284." type="journal article" year="1985">Rozbaczylo 1985: 75</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(ref., distr.).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37602D97142FFCAFE1BE67BFBBDDCA9" pageId="4" pageNumber="539" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BD351527142FFCAFE1BE67BFD9DD8FB" blockId="4.[113,648,1293,1423]" pageId="4" pageNumber="539">
<typeStatus id="54D7EFF07142FFCAFE1BE67BFF0DD857" box="[113,159,1293,1316]" pageId="4" pageNumber="539">TYPE</typeStatus>
MATERIAL. — The
<typeStatus id="54D7EFF07142FFCAFF2FE67BFEF9D851" box="[325,363,1293,1317]" pageId="4" pageNumber="539">type</typeStatus>
specimen of the
<typeStatus id="54D7EFF07142FFCAFF96E67BFDB0D851" box="[508,546,1293,1317]" pageId="4" pageNumber="539">type</typeStatus>
species was not deposited in
<collectingCountry id="F37B11C27142FFCAFF62E651FEC3D84B" box="[264,337,1319,1343]" name="Sweden" pageId="4" pageNumber="539">Sweden</collectingCountry>
, although it was collected during a Swedish expediton, nor in Hamburg, where Augener lived. Museum curators were unable to find it, therefore the
<typeStatus id="54D7EFF07142FFCAFC34E62BFD14D801" box="[606,646,1373,1397]" pageId="4" pageNumber="539">type</typeStatus>
and only specimen is being regarded as lost.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD351527142FFCAFE1BE6D3FEE9DB78" blockId="4.[113,647,1444,1548]" pageId="4" pageNumber="539">
<typeStatus id="54D7EFF07142FFCAFE1BE6D3FF33D8CE" box="[113,161,1445,1468]" pageId="4" pageNumber="539">TYPE</typeStatus>
LOCALITY. — Másatierra (Robinson Crusoe)
<collectingCountry id="F37B11C27142FFCAFC2DE6D2FD11D8C8" box="[583,643,1444,1468]" name="Iceland" pageId="4" pageNumber="539">Island</collectingCountry>
, Juan Fernández Archipelago,
<collectingCountry id="F37B11C27142FFCAFFEFE6C9FE2ED8A3" box="[389,444,1471,1495]" name="Chile" pageId="4" pageNumber="539">Chile</collectingCountry>
. It was collected from a dead hydroid theca in a sample of calcareous algae, dredged in
<quantity id="4C94FCB77142FFCAFE8AE685FEA7DB7F" box="[224,309,1523,1547]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.75" metricValueMax="4.5" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="539" unit="m" value="37.5" valueMax="45.0" valueMin="30.0">30-45 m</quantity>
depth.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD351527142FFCAFE1BE554FBBDDCA9" blockId="4.[113,647,1569,1699]" lastBlockId="4.[677,1210,215,477]" pageId="4" pageNumber="539">
MATERIAL EXAMINED. —
<emphasis id="B9188D407142FFCAFF1AE555FE2DDB4F" bold="true" box="[368,447,1571,1595]" pageId="4" pageNumber="539">
<collectingRegion id="49A89FB07142FFCAFF1AE555FE29DB4F" box="[368,443,1571,1595]" country="United States of America" name="Hawaii" pageId="4" pageNumber="539">Hawaii</collectingRegion>
.
</emphasis>
Oahu, Off Barber’s Point, stn ZR1,
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,
<geoCoordinate id="EE5837957142FFCAFFF7E54DFDA5DB27" box="[413,567,1595,1619]" degrees="158" direction="west" minutes="01" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="539" precision="1" seconds="30.3" value="-158.02509">158°01’30.3”W</geoCoordinate>
,
<date id="FFD277927142FFCAFC55E54AFD10DB20" box="[575,642,1596,1620]" pageId="4" pageNumber="539" value="2001-01">I.2001</date>
,
<quantity id="4C94FCB77142FFCAFE1BE520FF2BDB1A" box="[113,185,1622,1646]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.37" pageId="4" pageNumber="539" unit="m" value="63.7">63.7 m</quantity>
,
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(
<collectionCode id="ED7DC9977142FFCAFF5EE520FEECDB1A" box="[308,382,1622,1646]" pageId="4" pageNumber="539">WRRC</collectionCode>
unnumb.). — Off Mamala, stn 26,
<geoCoordinate id="EE5837957142FFCAFEDCE506FEBBDBFC" box="[182,297,1648,1672]" degrees="21" direction="north" minutes="17.35" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="539" precision="9" value="21.289167">21°17.35’N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE5837957142FFCAFF5BE506FE5BDBFC" box="[305,457,1648,1672]" degrees="157" direction="west" minutes="56" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="539" precision="1" seconds="49.0" value="-157.94695">157°56’49.0”W</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="4C94FCB77142FFCAFFBBE507FD84DBFC" box="[465,534,1649,1673]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.29" pageId="4" pageNumber="539" unit="m" value="32.9">32.9 m</quantity>
,
<date id="FFD277927142FFCAFC74E507FD10DBFD" box="[542,642,1649,1673]" pageId="4" pageNumber="539" value="2001-08">VIII.2001</date>
,
<specimenCount id="9D6A9ADB7142FFCAFE1BE5FDFF4ADBD7" box="[113,216,1675,1699]" pageId="4" pageNumber="539" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode id="ED7DC9977142FFCAFE89E5FDFEB9DBD7" box="[227,299,1675,1699]" pageId="4" pageNumber="539">WRRC</collectionCode>
unnumb.). — Stn 27,
<geoCoordinate id="EE5837957142FFCAFF96E5FDFD10DBD7" box="[508,642,1675,1699]" degrees="21" direction="north" minutes="17" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="539" precision="1" seconds="38.2" value="21.293943">21°17’38.2”N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE5837957142FFCAFCCFE3A1FCABDD9B" box="[677,825,215,239]" degrees="157" direction="west" minutes="55" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="539" precision="1" seconds="31.8" value="-157.9255">157°55’31.8”W</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="4C94FCB77142FFCAFD2BE3A1FC17DD9A" box="[833,901,215,239]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.01" pageId="4" pageNumber="539" unit="m" value="20.1">20.1 m</quantity>
,
<date id="FFD277927142FFCAFDE7E3A1FC7CDD9B" box="[909,1006,215,239]" pageId="4" pageNumber="539" value="2001-08">VIII.2001</date>
,
<specimenCount id="9D6A9ADB7142FFCAFD9CE3A1FBF4DD9B" box="[1014,1126,215,239]" pageId="4" pageNumber="539" type="generic">2 specimens</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode id="ED7DC9977142FFCAFA1AE3A1FB2BDD9B" box="[1136,1209,215,239]" pageId="4" pageNumber="539">WRRC</collectionCode>
unnumb.). — Off Mokapu, stn B2R2 (no coordinates),
<quantity id="4C94FCB77142FFCAFCCFE27AFD7ADC57" box="[677,744,268,292]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2299999999999995" pageId="4" pageNumber="539" unit="m" value="32.3">32.3 m</quantity>
,
<date id="FFD277927142FFCAFC9BE27AFCD0DC50" box="[753,834,268,292]" pageId="4" pageNumber="539" value="1998-03">III.1998</date>
,
<specimenCount id="9D6A9ADB7142FFCAFD20E27AFC28DC50" box="[842,954,268,292]" pageId="4" pageNumber="539" type="generic">2 specimens</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode id="ED7DC9977142FFCAFDAEE27AFB9FDC50" box="[964,1037,268,292]" pageId="4" pageNumber="539">WRRC</collectionCode>
unnumb.). — Stn B2R3 (no coordinates),
<quantity id="4C94FCB77142FFCAFDFBE250FC4BDC4A" box="[913,985,294,318]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2299999999999995" pageId="4" pageNumber="539" unit="m" value="32.3">32.3 m</quantity>
,
<date id="FFD277927142FFCAFD8EE250FBABDC4A" box="[996,1081,294,318]" pageId="4" pageNumber="539" value="1998-03">III.1998</date>
,
<specimenCount id="9D6A9ADB7142FFCAFA29E250FB2BDC4A" box="[1091,1209,294,318]" pageId="4" pageNumber="539" type="generic">2 specimens</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode id="ED7DC9977142FFCAFCC1E237FD6ADC2D" box="[683,760,321,345]" pageId="4" pageNumber="539">WRRC</collectionCode>
unnumb.). — Off Waianae, stn ZWR6 (no coordinates),
<quantity id="4C94FCB77142FFCAFD58E22DFCEDDC07" box="[818,895,347,371]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.66" pageId="4" pageNumber="539" unit="m" value="36.6">36.6 m</quantity>
,
<date id="FFD277927142FFCAFDE6E22DFC49DC07" box="[908,987,347,371]" pageId="4" pageNumber="539" value="1996-10">X.1996</date>
,
<specimenCount id="9D6A9ADB7142FFCAFD82E22DFBCEDC07" box="[1000,1116,347,371]" pageId="4" pageNumber="539" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode id="ED7DC9977142FFCAFA06E22DFB28DC07" box="[1132,1210,347,371]" pageId="4" pageNumber="539">WRRC</collectionCode>
unnumb.). — Stn ZWR2 (no coordinates),
<quantity id="4C94FCB77142FFCAFA5CE200FBF5DCF9" box="[1078,1127,374,398]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3" pageId="4" pageNumber="539" unit="m" value="33.0">33 m</quantity>
,
<date id="FFD277927142FFCAFA05E200FB24DCFA" box="[1135,1206,374,398]" pageId="4" pageNumber="539" value="1998-05">V.1998</date>
,
<specimenCount id="9D6A9ADB7142FFCAFCCFE2E6FC8FDCDC" box="[677,797,400,424]" pageId="4" pageNumber="539" type="generic">2 specimens</specimenCount>
(one
<collectionCode id="ED7DC9977142FFCAFD33E2E6FC31DCDC" box="[857,931,400,424]" pageId="4" pageNumber="539">WRRC</collectionCode>
unnumb., 1 gold-coated in
<collectionCode id="ED7DC9977142FFCAFCCFE2DDFC9DDCB7" box="[677,783,427,451]" country="Mexico" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/dtqq-2t5p" name="El Colegio de la Frontera Sur (Mexico)" pageId="4" pageNumber="539" type="Museum">ECOSUR</collectionCode>
). — Stn ZWR1 (no coordinates),
<quantity id="4C94FCB77142FFCAFA00E2DCFB27DCB6" box="[1130,1205,426,450]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.63" pageId="4" pageNumber="539" unit="m" value="36.3">36.3 m</quantity>
,
<date id="FFD277927142FFCAFCCFE2B3FD7CDCA9" box="[677,750,453,477]" pageId="4" pageNumber="539" value="2001-05">V.2001</date>
,
<specimenCount id="9D6A9ADB7142FFCAFC92E2B3FCF4DCA9" box="[760,870,453,477]" pageId="4" pageNumber="539" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode id="ED7DC9977142FFCAFD19E2B3FC2CDCA9" box="[883,958,453,477]" pageId="4" pageNumber="539">WRRC</collectionCode>
unnumb.).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37602D97142FFCAFCCFE283FB14DF94" pageId="4" pageNumber="539" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BD351527142FFCAFCCFE283FB14DF94" blockId="4.[677,1210,501,737]" pageId="4" pageNumber="539">
DISTRIBUTION. — Previously only known from the
<typeStatus id="54D7EFF07142FFCAFCCFE166FD5DDF5C" box="[677,719,528,552]" pageId="4" pageNumber="539">type</typeStatus>
locality in sublittoral rocky bottoms; the additional specimens were collected in
<collectingRegion id="49A89FB07142FFCAFDD3E15FFB91DF35" box="[953,1027,553,577]" country="United States of America" name="Hawaii" pageId="4" pageNumber="539">Hawaii</collectingRegion>
. They are regarded as belonging to
<taxonomicName id="4C6C2AD17142FFCAFD56E133FC24DF28" authorityName="Augener" authorityYear="1922" box="[828,950,580,604]" class="Polychaeta" family="Pilargidae" genus="Pseudexogone" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="4" pageNumber="539" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="backstromi">
<emphasis id="B9188D407142FFCAFD56E133FC24DF28" box="[828,950,580,604]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="539">P. backstromi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, which implies a very wide distribution from the southeastern Pacific to the central north Pacific.The tiny size of
<taxonomicName id="4C6C2AD17142FFCAFDC7E10CFB8DDFE5" authorityName="Augener" authorityYear="1922" box="[941,1055,633,657]" class="Polychaeta" family="Pilargidae" genus="Pseudexogone" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="4" pageNumber="539" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="backstromi">
<emphasis id="B9188D407142FFCAFDC7E10CFB8DDFE5" box="[941,1055,633,657]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="539">P. backstromi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and the presence of this species with sessile invertebrates, which may be widely distributed as foulers or as members of drifting communities, may explain this wide distribution.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37602D97142FFC9FCCFE065FF71DFB9" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="542" pageId="4" pageNumber="539" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BD351527142FFCAFCCFE065FBA0DE5F" blockId="4.[677,1210,787,1382]" box="[677,1074,787,813]" pageId="4" pageNumber="539">
DESCRIPTION OF THE
<typeStatus id="54D7EFF07142FFCAFDF8E06EFC56DE5F" box="[914,964,792,811]" pageId="4" pageNumber="539">TYPE</typeStatus>
SPECIMEN
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD351527142FFCAFCCFE044FC1BD812" blockId="4.[677,1210,787,1382]" pageId="4" pageNumber="539">
(based on the original description and drawings) Body smooth, cylindrical, tapering towards anterior and posterior ends (
<figureCitation id="13574DD77142FFCAFD1EE007FC57DEFF" box="[884,965,881,907]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="5.[113,124,1223,1240]" captionTargetBox="[159,1163,215,1182]" captionTargetId="figure-19@5.[159,1163,215,1182]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIG. 1. — Pseudexogone backstromi Augener,1922:A, entire worm in dorsal view (c. 9 mm long); B, anterior end in dorsal view (0.05 mm wide), median and left lateral antennae missing; C, bidentate notospines in frontal and side view; D, tip of finely spinulose capillary; E, posterior end in dorsal view (redrawn and rearranged from the original illustrations by Augener 1922). Abbreviations: see p. 536." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4689934" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4689934/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="539">Fig. 1A</figureCitation>
);
<quantity id="4C94FCB77142FFCAFDB2E007FB85DEF8" box="[984,1047,881,908]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="539" unit="mm" value="9.0">9 mm</quantity>
long,
<quantity id="4C94FCB77142FFCAFA32E007FB28DEF8" box="[1112,1210,881,908]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="539" unit="mm" value="0.05">0.05 mm</quantity>
wide,
<emphasis id="B9188D407142FFCAFC8FE0E4FD64DEDF" box="[741,758,914,939]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="539">c.</emphasis>
64 chaetigers. Prostomium subtriangular; palps simple, almost completely free from each other; one pair of large dorsal eyes; three antennae, the right lateral one placed ahead of the right eye. Two pairs of tentacular cirri, apparently the dorsal one longer than the ventral one (
<figureCitation id="13574DD77142FFCAFD16E759FC5BD93D" box="[892,969,1071,1097]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="5.[113,124,1223,1240]" captionTargetBox="[159,1163,215,1182]" captionTargetId="figure-19@5.[159,1163,215,1182]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIG. 1. — Pseudexogone backstromi Augener,1922:A, entire worm in dorsal view (c. 9 mm long); B, anterior end in dorsal view (0.05 mm wide), median and left lateral antennae missing; C, bidentate notospines in frontal and side view; D, tip of finely spinulose capillary; E, posterior end in dorsal view (redrawn and rearranged from the original illustrations by Augener 1922). Abbreviations: see p. 536." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4689934" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4689934/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="539">Fig. 1B</figureCitation>
). Parapodia with dorsal and ventral cirri similar to each other. Median and posterior chaetigers with a single bidentate sigmoid notospine; each spine with large proximal tooth and smaller distal tooth (
<figureCitation id="13574DD77142FFCAFD1FE7D8FC57D9BC" box="[885,965,1198,1224]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="5.[113,124,1223,1240]" captionTargetBox="[159,1163,215,1182]" captionTargetId="figure-19@5.[159,1163,215,1182]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIG. 1. — Pseudexogone backstromi Augener,1922:A, entire worm in dorsal view (c. 9 mm long); B, anterior end in dorsal view (0.05 mm wide), median and left lateral antennae missing; C, bidentate notospines in frontal and side view; D, tip of finely spinulose capillary; E, posterior end in dorsal view (redrawn and rearranged from the original illustrations by Augener 1922). Abbreviations: see p. 536." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4689934" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4689934/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="539">Fig. 1C</figureCitation>
). Neurochaetae include finely denticulate capillaries (
<figureCitation id="13574DD77142FFCAFDA7E7BBFB8CD99C" box="[973,1054,1229,1256]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="5.[113,124,1223,1240]" captionTargetBox="[159,1163,215,1182]" captionTargetId="figure-19@5.[159,1163,215,1182]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIG. 1. — Pseudexogone backstromi Augener,1922:A, entire worm in dorsal view (c. 9 mm long); B, anterior end in dorsal view (0.05 mm wide), median and left lateral antennae missing; C, bidentate notospines in frontal and side view; D, tip of finely spinulose capillary; E, posterior end in dorsal view (redrawn and rearranged from the original illustrations by Augener 1922). Abbreviations: see p. 536." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4689934" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4689934/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="539">Fig. 1D</figureCitation>
). Posterior end with one achaetous segment; pygidium with two ventrolateral anal cirri, each as long as pygidium plus achaetous segment (
<figureCitation id="13574DD77142FFCAFDC0E65BFC68D833" box="[938,1018,1325,1351]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="5.[113,124,1223,1240]" captionTargetBox="[159,1163,215,1182]" captionTargetId="figure-19@5.[159,1163,215,1182]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIG. 1. — Pseudexogone backstromi Augener,1922:A, entire worm in dorsal view (c. 9 mm long); B, anterior end in dorsal view (0.05 mm wide), median and left lateral antennae missing; C, bidentate notospines in frontal and side view; D, tip of finely spinulose capillary; E, posterior end in dorsal view (redrawn and rearranged from the original illustrations by Augener 1922). Abbreviations: see p. 536." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4689934" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4689934/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="539">Fig. 1E</figureCitation>
). Pharynx everted with margin smooth.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD351527142FFCAFCCFE6FAFBD7D8D0" blockId="4.[677,1210,1420,1700]" box="[677,1093,1420,1446]" pageId="4" pageNumber="539">
DESCRIPTION OF NON-
<typeStatus id="54D7EFF07142FFCAFDF0E6E7FC5ED8D0" box="[922,972,1425,1444]" pageId="4" pageNumber="539">TYPE</typeStatus>
SPECIMENS
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD351527142FFCAFCCFE6DDFBEEDB50" blockId="4.[677,1210,1420,1700]" pageId="4" pageNumber="539">
Complete non-type specimens transparent, long, cylindrical, rarely yellowish, slightly wider anteriorly, tapering posteriorly (
<figureCitation id="13574DD77142FFCAFDE1E69DFC72DB71" box="[907,992,1515,1541]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="6.[113,124,1394,1411]" captionTargetBox="[113,1210,216,1351]" captionTargetId="figure-36@6.[478,844,783,879]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIG. 2. — Pseudexogone backstromi Augener,1922: A, complete specimen, anterior end over the left upper corner; B, same, anterior end in dorsal view, notice smooth integument (inset: close-up of ciliary bundles area; arrows point their bases); C, same, seen from the right,notice the everted pharynx and the ventrolateral papilla;D, anterior parapodium showing furcates and denticulates;E, same, close-up to show details of furcates; F, median parapodium; G, same,notospine; H, posterior end in dorsal view showing dorsal anus and ventrolateral anal cirrus (right one lost). Abbreviations: see p. 536. Scale bars: A, 333 µm; B, 33.3 µm; C, H, 25.0 µm, D, 7.14 µm; E, 3.22 µm; F, 11.7 µm; G, 2.50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4689936" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4689936/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="539">Fig. 2A</figureCitation>
), 5.0-
<quantity id="4C94FCB77142FFCAFA48E69CFBE8DB71" box="[1058,1146,1514,1541]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" pageId="4" pageNumber="539" unit="mm" value="7.5">7.5 mm</quantity>
long,
<quantity id="4C94FCB77142FFCAFCCFE57DFCD0DB51" box="[677,834,1547,1573]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="4" pageNumber="539" unit="mm" value="0.21" valueMax="0.3" valueMin="0.12">0.12-0.30 mm</quantity>
wide, with 41-61 chaetigers.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD351527142FFCBFCD1E55CFE8CDBD7" blockId="4.[677,1210,1420,1700]" lastBlockId="5.[113,647,1356,1699]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="540" pageId="4" pageNumber="539">
Prostomium subtriangular, about as long as wide, slightly narrower than peristomium. Three cirriform antennae of about the same size; lateral antennae located in the center of prostomium, median antenna placed on the posterior prostomial margin. Eyes dark brown, visible in all specimens. Palps anteriorly rounded, tapering, free from each other distally (
<figureCitation id="13574DD77143FFCBFF65E6DDFEF1D8B1" box="[271,355,1451,1477]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="6.[113,124,1394,1411]" captionTargetBox="[113,1210,216,1351]" captionTargetId="figure-36@6.[478,844,783,879]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIG. 2. — Pseudexogone backstromi Augener,1922: A, complete specimen, anterior end over the left upper corner; B, same, anterior end in dorsal view, notice smooth integument (inset: close-up of ciliary bundles area; arrows point their bases); C, same, seen from the right,notice the everted pharynx and the ventrolateral papilla;D, anterior parapodium showing furcates and denticulates;E, same, close-up to show details of furcates; F, median parapodium; G, same,notospine; H, posterior end in dorsal view showing dorsal anus and ventrolateral anal cirrus (right one lost). Abbreviations: see p. 536. Scale bars: A, 333 µm; B, 33.3 µm; C, H, 25.0 µm, D, 7.14 µm; E, 3.22 µm; F, 11.7 µm; G, 2.50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4689936" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4689936/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="540">Fig. 2B</figureCitation>
); ventrolateral papillae cirriform, as long as antennae, placed half way along the palp length. Two pairs of cirriform tentacular cirri, equal-sized, most specimens with dorsal cirri longer, few with dorsal cirri slightly shorter, with a small median knob; ventral pair placed ventrally, appear smaller than dorsal one (
<figureCitation id="13574DD77143FFCBFFBAE51FFDB5DBF0" box="[464,551,1641,1668]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="6.[113,124,1394,1411]" captionTargetBox="[113,1210,216,1351]" captionTargetId="figure-36@6.[478,844,783,879]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIG. 2. — Pseudexogone backstromi Augener,1922: A, complete specimen, anterior end over the left upper corner; B, same, anterior end in dorsal view, notice smooth integument (inset: close-up of ciliary bundles area; arrows point their bases); C, same, seen from the right,notice the everted pharynx and the ventrolateral papilla;D, anterior parapodium showing furcates and denticulates;E, same, close-up to show details of furcates; F, median parapodium; G, same,notospine; H, posterior end in dorsal view showing dorsal anus and ventrolateral anal cirrus (right one lost). Abbreviations: see p. 536. Scale bars: A, 333 µm; B, 33.3 µm; C, H, 25.0 µm, D, 7.14 µm; E, 3.22 µm; F, 11.7 µm; G, 2.50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4689936" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4689936/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="540">Fig. 2C</figureCitation>
). Ciliary bundles eroded.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF1301DA7143FFCBFE1BE7B1FB3CD871" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4689934" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4689934" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4689934/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="540" startId="5.[113,124,1223,1240]" targetBox="[159,1163,215,1182]" targetPageId="5">
<paragraph id="8BD351527143FFCBFE1BE7B1FB3CD871" blockId="5.[113,1211,1223,1285]" pageId="5" pageNumber="540">
FIG. 1. —
<taxonomicName id="4C6C2AD17143FFCBFED4E7B1FD81D9AC" authority="Augener, 1922" authorityName="Augener" authorityYear="1922" box="[190,531,1223,1240]" class="Polychaeta" family="Pilargidae" genus="Pseudexogone" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="5" pageNumber="540" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="backstromi">
<emphasis id="B9188D407143FFCBFED4E7B1FE04D9AC" box="[190,406,1223,1240]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="540">Pseudexogone backstromi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD2CA37143FFCBFFF1E7B1FD81D9AC" author="AUGENER H." box="[411,531,1223,1240]" pageId="5" pageNumber="540" pagination="161 - 218" refId="ref9805" refString="AUGENER H. 1922. - Litorale Polychaeten von Juan Fernandez, in SKOTTSBERG C. (ed.), The Natural History of Juan Fernandez and Easter Island, volume 3, Zoology, Part 2. Almqvist &amp; Wiksells, Uppsala: 161 - 218." type="book chapter" year="1922">Augener,1922</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
:
<emphasis id="B9188D407143FFCBFC73E7B1FDB4D9AC" bold="true" box="[537,550,1223,1240]" pageId="5" pageNumber="540">A</emphasis>
, entire worm in dorsal view (
<emphasis id="B9188D407143FFCBFD63E7B1FC81D9AC" box="[777,787,1223,1240]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="540">c</emphasis>
. 9 mm long);
<emphasis id="B9188D407143FFCBFD15E7B1FC1ED9AC" bold="true" box="[895,908,1223,1240]" pageId="5" pageNumber="540">B</emphasis>
, anterior end in dorsal view (0.05 mm wide), median and left lateral antennae missing;
<emphasis id="B9188D407143FFCBFC6FE7ABFD81D99A" bold="true" box="[517,531,1245,1262]" pageId="5" pageNumber="540">C</emphasis>
, bidentate notospines in frontal and side view;
<emphasis id="B9188D407143FFCBFDCAE7ABFC3CD99A" bold="true" box="[928,942,1245,1262]" pageId="5" pageNumber="540">D</emphasis>
, tip of finely spinulose capillary;
<emphasis id="B9188D407143FFCBFE1BE782FFEFD871" bold="true" box="[113,125,1268,1285]" pageId="5" pageNumber="540">E</emphasis>
, posterior end in dorsal view (redrawn and rearranged from the original illustrations by
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD2CA37143FFCBFD25E782FC55D871" author="AUGENER H." box="[847,967,1268,1285]" pageId="5" pageNumber="540" pagination="161 - 218" refId="ref9805" refString="AUGENER H. 1922. - Litorale Polychaeten von Juan Fernandez, in SKOTTSBERG C. (ed.), The Natural History of Juan Fernandez and Easter Island, volume 3, Zoology, Part 2. Almqvist &amp; Wiksells, Uppsala: 161 - 218." type="book chapter" year="1922">Augener 1922</bibRefCitation>
). Abbreviations: see p. 536.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BD351527143FFC8FCD1E63AFCCBDBD7" blockId="5.[677,1210,1356,1699]" lastBlockId="6.[677,1210,1578,1699]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="541" pageId="5" pageNumber="540">
Parapodia uniramous in chaetigers 1-6, thereafter biramous. Parapodial cirri cirriform throughout body. Anterior parapodia with slightly emergent bidentate notospines, denticulate capillaries and furcates (
<figureCitation id="13574DD77143FFCBFD7BE6BDFCE1D891" box="[785,883,1483,1509]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="6.[113,124,1394,1411]" captionTargetBox="[113,1210,216,1351]" captionTargetId="figure-36@6.[478,844,783,879]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIG. 2. — Pseudexogone backstromi Augener,1922: A, complete specimen, anterior end over the left upper corner; B, same, anterior end in dorsal view, notice smooth integument (inset: close-up of ciliary bundles area; arrows point their bases); C, same, seen from the right,notice the everted pharynx and the ventrolateral papilla;D, anterior parapodium showing furcates and denticulates;E, same, close-up to show details of furcates; F, median parapodium; G, same,notospine; H, posterior end in dorsal view showing dorsal anus and ventrolateral anal cirrus (right one lost). Abbreviations: see p. 536. Scale bars: A, 333 µm; B, 33.3 µm; C, H, 25.0 µm, D, 7.14 µm; E, 3.22 µm; F, 11.7 µm; G, 2.50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4689936" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4689936/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="540">Fig. 2D</figureCitation>
). Dorsal cirri digitate, ventral cirri cirriform; dorsal ones slightly longer. Notopodia with large sigmoid bidentate spines starting on chaetiger 7 (in smaller specimens on chaetiger 5, rarely on chaetiger 8), continued to the last chaetiger. Neuropodia include furcates in anterior chaetigers, pectinates and denticu- late capillaries, mostly broken. In median and posterior chaetigers, about two pectinates and two denticulate capillaries per bundle. Furcates (
<figureCitation id="13574DD77140FFC8FE10E5FFFF43DBD7" box="[122,209,1673,1699]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="6.[113,124,1394,1411]" captionTargetBox="[113,1210,216,1351]" captionTargetId="figure-36@6.[478,844,783,879]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIG. 2. — Pseudexogone backstromi Augener,1922: A, complete specimen, anterior end over the left upper corner; B, same, anterior end in dorsal view, notice smooth integument (inset: close-up of ciliary bundles area; arrows point their bases); C, same, seen from the right,notice the everted pharynx and the ventrolateral papilla;D, anterior parapodium showing furcates and denticulates;E, same, close-up to show details of furcates; F, median parapodium; G, same,notospine; H, posterior end in dorsal view showing dorsal anus and ventrolateral anal cirrus (right one lost). Abbreviations: see p. 536. Scale bars: A, 333 µm; B, 33.3 µm; C, H, 25.0 µm, D, 7.14 µm; E, 3.22 µm; F, 11.7 µm; G, 2.50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4689936" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4689936/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="541">Fig. 2E</figureCitation>
) with unequal tines, longer tine with a short flange, smaller tine cylindrical. Median chaetigers (
<figureCitation id="13574DD77140FFC8FD4BE53CFCE0DB10" box="[801,882,1610,1636]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="6.[113,124,1394,1411]" captionTargetBox="[113,1210,216,1351]" captionTargetId="figure-36@6.[478,844,783,879]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIG. 2. — Pseudexogone backstromi Augener,1922: A, complete specimen, anterior end over the left upper corner; B, same, anterior end in dorsal view, notice smooth integument (inset: close-up of ciliary bundles area; arrows point their bases); C, same, seen from the right,notice the everted pharynx and the ventrolateral papilla;D, anterior parapodium showing furcates and denticulates;E, same, close-up to show details of furcates; F, median parapodium; G, same,notospine; H, posterior end in dorsal view showing dorsal anus and ventrolateral anal cirrus (right one lost). Abbreviations: see p. 536. Scale bars: A, 333 µm; B, 33.3 µm; C, H, 25.0 µm, D, 7.14 µm; E, 3.22 µm; F, 11.7 µm; G, 2.50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4689936" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4689936/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="541">Fig. 2F</figureCitation>
) without furcates; notospines emerge slightly. Notospines with larger subdistal tooth (
<figureCitation id="13574DD77140FFC8FC9BE5FFFCDEDBD7" box="[753,844,1673,1699]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="6.[113,124,1394,1411]" captionTargetBox="[113,1210,216,1351]" captionTargetId="figure-36@6.[478,844,783,879]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIG. 2. — Pseudexogone backstromi Augener,1922: A, complete specimen, anterior end over the left upper corner; B, same, anterior end in dorsal view, notice smooth integument (inset: close-up of ciliary bundles area; arrows point their bases); C, same, seen from the right,notice the everted pharynx and the ventrolateral papilla;D, anterior parapodium showing furcates and denticulates;E, same, close-up to show details of furcates; F, median parapodium; G, same,notospine; H, posterior end in dorsal view showing dorsal anus and ventrolateral anal cirrus (right one lost). Abbreviations: see p. 536. Scale bars: A, 333 µm; B, 33.3 µm; C, H, 25.0 µm, D, 7.14 µm; E, 3.22 µm; F, 11.7 µm; G, 2.50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4689936" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4689936/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="541">Fig. 2G</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF1301DA7140FFC8FE1BE604FE0BD881" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4689936" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4689936" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4689936/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="541" startId="6.[113,124,1394,1411]" targetBox="[113,1210,216,1351]" targetPageId="6">
<paragraph id="8BD351527140FFC8FE1BE604FE0BD881" blockId="6.[113,1211,1394,1525]" pageId="6" pageNumber="541">
FIG. 2. —
<taxonomicName id="4C6C2AD17140FFC8FEAAE604FD8ED8F7" authority="Augener, 1922" authorityName="Augener" authorityYear="1922" box="[192,540,1394,1411]" class="Polychaeta" family="Pilargidae" genus="Pseudexogone" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="6" pageNumber="541" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="backstromi">
<emphasis id="B9188D407140FFC8FEAAE604FE0ED8F7" box="[192,412,1394,1411]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="541">Pseudexogone backstromi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFFD2CA37140FFC8FFCBE604FD8ED8F7" author="AUGENER H." box="[417,540,1394,1411]" pageId="6" pageNumber="541" pagination="161 - 218" refId="ref9805" refString="AUGENER H. 1922. - Litorale Polychaeten von Juan Fernandez, in SKOTTSBERG C. (ed.), The Natural History of Juan Fernandez and Easter Island, volume 3, Zoology, Part 2. Almqvist &amp; Wiksells, Uppsala: 161 - 218." type="book chapter" year="1922">Augener,1922</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
:
<emphasis id="B9188D407140FFC8FC49E604FDA2D8F7" bold="true" box="[547,560,1394,1411]" pageId="6" pageNumber="541">A</emphasis>
, complete specimen, anterior end over the left upper corner;
<emphasis id="B9188D407140FFC8FA46E604FBABD8F7" bold="true" box="[1068,1081,1394,1411]" pageId="6" pageNumber="541">B</emphasis>
, same, anterior end in dorsal view, notice smooth integument (inset: close-up of ciliary bundles area; arrows point their bases);
<emphasis id="B9188D407140FFC8FA7FE6FFFBB1D8EE" bold="true" box="[1045,1059,1417,1434]" pageId="6" pageNumber="541">C</emphasis>
, same, seen from the right,notice the everted pharynx and the ventrolateral papilla;
<emphasis id="B9188D407140FFC8FCE0E6D6FD0AD8C5" bold="true" box="[650,664,1440,1457]" pageId="6" pageNumber="541">D</emphasis>
, anterior parapodium showing furcates and denticulates;
<emphasis id="B9188D407140FFC8FA1AE6D6FBEED8C5" bold="true" box="[1136,1148,1440,1457]" pageId="6" pageNumber="541">E</emphasis>
, same, close-up to show details of furcates;
<emphasis id="B9188D407140FFC8FFCBE6C0FE3ED8B3" bold="true" box="[417,428,1462,1479]" pageId="6" pageNumber="541">F</emphasis>
, median parapodium;
<emphasis id="B9188D407140FFC8FC0CE6C0FDE6D8B3" bold="true" box="[614,628,1462,1479]" pageId="6" pageNumber="541">G</emphasis>
, same,notospine;
<emphasis id="B9188D407140FFC8FD7BE6C0FC8DD8B3" bold="true" box="[785,799,1462,1479]" pageId="6" pageNumber="541">H</emphasis>
, posterior end in dorsal view showing dorsal anus and ventrolateral anal cirrus (right one lost). Abbreviations: see p. 536. Scale bars: A, 333 µm; B, 33.3 µm; C, H, 25.0 µm, D, 7.14 µm; E, 3.22 µm; F, 11.7 µm; G, 2.50 µm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BD351527141FFC9FEE2E3AEFEF5DF7B" blockId="7.[113,647,216,528]" pageId="7" pageNumber="542">
Posterior end tapering (
<figureCitation id="13574DD77141FFC9FFEEE3AEFE4EDD86" box="[388,476,216,242]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="6.[113,124,1394,1411]" captionTargetBox="[113,1210,216,1351]" captionTargetId="figure-36@6.[478,844,783,879]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIG. 2. — Pseudexogone backstromi Augener,1922: A, complete specimen, anterior end over the left upper corner; B, same, anterior end in dorsal view, notice smooth integument (inset: close-up of ciliary bundles area; arrows point their bases); C, same, seen from the right,notice the everted pharynx and the ventrolateral papilla;D, anterior parapodium showing furcates and denticulates;E, same, close-up to show details of furcates; F, median parapodium; G, same,notospine; H, posterior end in dorsal view showing dorsal anus and ventrolateral anal cirrus (right one lost). Abbreviations: see p. 536. Scale bars: A, 333 µm; B, 33.3 µm; C, H, 25.0 µm, D, 7.14 µm; E, 3.22 µm; F, 11.7 µm; G, 2.50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4689936" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4689936/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="542">Fig. 2H</figureCitation>
), one achaetous segment visible in about half the specimens. Pygidium conical, rounded, with two lateral anal cirri (right cirrus lost). Anus terminal. Pharynx everted in few specimens, as long as the prostomium and palps, tubular, with smooth margin; ventral pharyngeal organ enlarged (
<figureCitation id="13574DD77141FFC9FF12E2E0FE5DDCC4" box="[376,463,406,432]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="6.[113,124,1394,1411]" captionTargetBox="[113,1210,216,1351]" captionTargetId="figure-36@6.[478,844,783,879]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIG. 2. — Pseudexogone backstromi Augener,1922: A, complete specimen, anterior end over the left upper corner; B, same, anterior end in dorsal view, notice smooth integument (inset: close-up of ciliary bundles area; arrows point their bases); C, same, seen from the right,notice the everted pharynx and the ventrolateral papilla;D, anterior parapodium showing furcates and denticulates;E, same, close-up to show details of furcates; F, median parapodium; G, same,notospine; H, posterior end in dorsal view showing dorsal anus and ventrolateral anal cirrus (right one lost). Abbreviations: see p. 536. Scale bars: A, 333 µm; B, 33.3 µm; C, H, 25.0 µm, D, 7.14 µm; E, 3.22 µm; F, 11.7 µm; G, 2.50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4689936" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4689936/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="542">Fig. 2C</figureCitation>
). Brain lobes extended posteriorly to chaetiger 4. Oocytes present in larger specimens in chaetigers 15-40, measure
<quantity id="4C94FCB77141FFC9FE1BE283FF4FDF7B" box="[113,221,501,528]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.25" metricValueMax="4.5" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="542" unit="mm" value="42.5" valueMax="45.0" valueMin="40.0">40-45 µm</quantity>
in diameter.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD351527141FFC9FE1BE143FF75DF39" blockId="7.[113,646,565,717]" box="[113,231,565,591]" pageId="7" pageNumber="542">VARIATION</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD351527141FFC9FE1BE122FF71DFB9" blockId="7.[113,646,565,717]" pageId="7" pageNumber="542">
Notospines start on chaetigers 6-8 (
<quantity id="4C94FCB77141FFC9FC78E122FDD3DF1A" box="[530,577,596,623]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.27" pageId="7" pageNumber="542" unit="in" value="5.0">5 in</quantity>
small specimens). Undamaged parapodia had one furcate, and two of each: pectinates and denticulate capillaries.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37602D97141FFC9FE1BE185FC67DCE4" pageId="7" pageNumber="542" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BD351527141FFC9FE1BE185FF47DE7F" blockId="7.[113,647,755,1700]" box="[113,213,755,781]" pageId="7" pageNumber="542">REMARKS</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD351527141FFC9FE1BE064FEF7D853" blockId="7.[113,647,755,1700]" pageId="7" pageNumber="542">
<taxonomicName id="4C6C2AD17141FFC9FE1BE064FEF5DE58" authorityName="Augener" authorityYear="1922" box="[113,359,786,812]" class="Polychaeta" family="Pilargidae" genus="Pseudexogone" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="7" pageNumber="542" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="backstromi">
<emphasis id="B9188D407141FFC9FE1BE064FEF5DE58" box="[113,359,786,812]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="542">Pseudexogone backstromi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
resembles
<taxonomicName id="4C6C2AD17141FFC9FFBFE065FDDADE58" authority="Salazar-Vallejo &amp; Bailey-Brock &amp; Dreyer, 2007" authorityName="Salazar-Vallejo &amp; Bailey-Brock &amp; Dreyer" authorityYear="2007" box="[469,584,787,812]" class="Polychaeta" family="Pilargidae" genus="Pseudexogone" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="7" pageNumber="542" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="imajimai" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9188D407141FFC9FFBFE065FDDADE58" box="[469,584,787,812]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="542">P.imajimai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22B303B7141FFC9FC27E065FD15DE59" box="[589,647,787,813]" pageId="7" pageNumber="542" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C6C2AD17141FFC9FECEE045FEA1DE38" authority="Salazar-Vallejo &amp; Bailey-Brock &amp; Dreyer, 2007" authorityName="Salazar-Vallejo &amp; Bailey-Brock &amp; Dreyer" authorityYear="2007" box="[164,307,818,844]" class="Polychaeta" family="Pilargidae" genus="Pseudexogone" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="7" pageNumber="542" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="williamsae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9188D407141FFC9FECEE045FEA1DE38" box="[164,307,818,844]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="542">P. williamsae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22B303B7141FFC9FF56E044FEE9DE38" box="[316,379,818,844]" pageId="7" pageNumber="542" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
by having well-defined eyes; they differ because of the
<typeStatus id="54D7EFF07141FFC9FFD7E024FE79DE18" box="[445,491,850,876]" pageId="7" pageNumber="542">type</typeStatus>
of furcates. In
<taxonomicName id="4C6C2AD17141FFC9FE1BE004FF65DEFF" authority="Salazar-Vallejo &amp; Bailey-Brock &amp; Dreyer, 2007" authorityName="Salazar-Vallejo &amp; Bailey-Brock &amp; Dreyer" authorityYear="2007" box="[113,247,881,907]" class="Polychaeta" family="Pilargidae" genus="Pseudexogone" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="7" pageNumber="542" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="williamsae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9188D407141FFC9FE1BE004FF65DEFF" box="[113,247,881,907]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="542">P. williamsae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22B303B7141FFC9FE91E004FEA7DEF8" box="[251,309,882,908]" pageId="7" pageNumber="542" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, they have a thicker, smaller tine while in the other two, they are thinner. The main differences between
<taxonomicName id="4C6C2AD17141FFC9FF26E0C7FE47DEBE" authorityName="Augener" authorityYear="1922" box="[332,469,944,970]" class="Polychaeta" family="Pilargidae" genus="Pseudexogone" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="7" pageNumber="542" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="backstromi">
<emphasis id="B9188D407141FFC9FF26E0C7FE47DEBE" box="[332,469,944,970]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="542">P. backstromi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C6C2AD17141FFC9FC67E0C7FD14DEBE" authority="Salazar-Vallejo &amp; Bailey-Brock &amp; Dreyer, 2007" authorityName="Salazar-Vallejo &amp; Bailey-Brock &amp; Dreyer" authorityYear="2007" box="[525,646,945,970]" class="Polychaeta" family="Pilargidae" genus="Pseudexogone" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="7" pageNumber="542" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="imajimai" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9188D407141FFC9FC67E0C7FD14DEBE" box="[525,646,945,970]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="542">P. imajimai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22B303B7141FFC9FE1BE0A7FF3FDE9F" box="[113,173,977,1003]" pageId="7" pageNumber="542" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
are on the relative shape of both prostomia and the larger tine of furcates. Thus, in
<taxonomicName id="4C6C2AD17141FFC9FC69E087FD14D97E" authorityName="Augener" authorityYear="1922" box="[515,646,1008,1034]" class="Polychaeta" family="Pilargidae" genus="Pseudexogone" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="7" pageNumber="542" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="backstromi">
<emphasis id="B9188D407141FFC9FC69E087FD14D97E" box="[515,646,1008,1034]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="542">P. backstromi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
the prostomium is about as long as wide, and the larger tine in furcates has a dorsal keel straight with a subdistal hump. On the contrary, in
<taxonomicName id="4C6C2AD17141FFC9FC64E726FD14D91D" authority="Salazar-Vallejo &amp; Bailey-Brock &amp; Dreyer, 2007" authorityName="Salazar-Vallejo &amp; Bailey-Brock &amp; Dreyer" authorityYear="2007" box="[526,646,1104,1129]" class="Polychaeta" family="Pilargidae" genus="Pseudexogone" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="7" pageNumber="542" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="imajimai" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9188D407141FFC9FC64E726FD14D91D" box="[526,646,1104,1129]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="542">P. imajimai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22B303B7141FFC9FE1BE719FF38D9FD" box="[113,170,1135,1161]" pageId="7" pageNumber="542" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
the prostomium is markedly wider than long, and the larger tine in furcates has a dorsal keel curved with a subdistal notch. Furcates are very short and thus would be barely exposed to sediment abrasion or fractures, rendering their shape useful as a diagnostic feature.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD351527141FFC9FEE2E65BFC67DCE4" blockId="7.[113,647,755,1700]" lastBlockId="7.[677,1210,216,401]" pageId="7" pageNumber="542">
Because the specimens were collected in
<collectingRegion id="49A89FB07141FFC9FC5BE65BFD10D833" box="[561,642,1325,1351]" country="United States of America" name="Hawaii" pageId="7" pageNumber="542">Hawaii</collectingRegion>
, far away from the type locality, they should not be employed for establishing a
<typeStatus id="54D7EFF07141FFC9FFCBE61BFE68D8F3" box="[417,506,1389,1415]" pageId="7" pageNumber="542" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
. Further, the specimens from
<collectingRegion id="49A89FB07141FFC9FF41E6FAFEE9D8D2" box="[299,379,1420,1446]" country="United States of America" name="Hawaii" pageId="7" pageNumber="542">Hawaii</collectingRegion>
have faintly pigmented eyes, whereas in the type specimen they were very large. This difference may be due to sexual maturity since the type specimen was about
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long, while these specimens were up to
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long, or alternatively due to preservation and storing in ethanol. The start of bidentate notospines was not specified in the original description, but they start in chaetigers
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all
<taxonomicName id="4C6C2AD17141FFC9FF11E5FFFD9BDBD7" authorityName="Augener" authorityYear="1922" box="[379,521,1673,1699]" class="Polychaeta" family="Pilargidae" genus="Pseudexogone" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="7" pageNumber="542" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9188D407141FFC9FF11E5FFFD9BDBD7" box="[379,521,1673,1699]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="542">Pseudexogone</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species, so that this feature is of very little use. A comparison between the original illustrations, the specimens and the SEM photos indicates a very close resemblance. Although the distribution is very wide, these pilargids may occupy a large geographic area with the same ecological conditions.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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