163 lines
17 KiB
XML
163 lines
17 KiB
XML
<document id="265406672A4F8DC4456E2B7498E3F0DF" ID-DOI="10.24349/acarologia/20184255" ID-ISSN="2107-7207" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5399530" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1630332451418" checkinUser="marcus" docAuthor="Ueckermann, Edward A., Palevsky, Eric, Gerson, Uri, Recht, Eitan & Theron, Pieter D." docDate="2018" docId="03C58795753CFF98D3FEFA96FD4AA3AC" docLanguage="en" docName="Acarologia.2018.58.2.483-525.pdf" docOrigin="Acarologia 58 (2)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.24349/acarologia/20184255" docStyle="DocumentStyle:0387F17C4AF9F8D6336E46CC5E5664D0.6:Acarologia.2018-.journal_article" docStyleId="0387F17C4AF9F8D6336E46CC5E5664D0" docStyleName="Acarologia.2018-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="6" docTitle="Raoiella indica Hirst 1924" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="511" masterDocId="FFFCFFED7521FF85D215FF96FFC7A451" masterDocTitle="The Tenuipalpidae (Acari: Trombidiformes) of Israel" masterLastPageNumber="525" masterPageNumber="483" pageNumber="511" updateTime="1699231295567" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:titleInfo id="1B96139558E5ECBFD98776695FABB951">
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<mods:title id="758781A7B285B7B5292EA79ECB17FB65">The Tenuipalpidae (Acari: Trombidiformes) of Israel</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="E9CAB9C49B7B0C3B97FC05B122277257">Ueckermann, Edward A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="86209B50712DD266E845DA0D9052E9D8">Research Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus 2520, South Africa.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="C42DFC9664C70A4237D38E2B4DDF594C">Palevsky, Eric</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="45C5EB4D1DF138C4B036623992BB3B91">Department of Entomology, Newe-Ya’ar Reseach Center, Agricultural Research Organization (ARO), P. O. Box 1012, 30095 Ramat Yishay, Israel.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="7CA6D24AE1E8E16CEE5B0327DBCCFF70">Gerson, Uri</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="B26552F3C48E7E236DB94F6A2FCB20EA">Department of Entomology, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, POB 12, Rehovot 76100, Israel.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="C9B1969B9715689F52CD76FF6320E0B3">Recht, Eitan</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="E313B40A259FA8C067519B1FE3180D7A">Department of Diagnosis and Identification of Pests and Diseases, Plant Protection and Inspection Services, POB 78 Bet Dagan 50250, Israel.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="B87198CD0122344369C5FAF44ACAF8BC">Theron, Pieter D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="E40901FB14CE2B5851BAF28DF2D7CDB0">Research Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus 2520, South Africa.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="CC13D63624A28C550F7D2572C078B110">Acarologia</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="E65CB4E5E159EBB9ABCEF096D2C7137E">2018</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="A6F72EE18E7FC4B1EFDC3874B7B9D074">2018-04-12</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="A327F54E7A37B532A34D22476F18CF7D">58</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="54698D564116E82690828E22E8B44572" type="DOI">10.24349/acarologia/20184255</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03C58795753CFF98D3FEFA96FD4AA3AC" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5475291" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5475291" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C58795753CFF98D3FEFA96FD4AA3AC" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C58795753CFF98D3FEFA96FD4AA3AC" lastPageNumber="511" pageId="29" pageNumber="511">
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<subSubSection id="C3766508753CFF98D3FEFA96FC29A14D" box="[491,1006,1280,1308]" pageId="29" pageNumber="511" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BD33683753CFF98D3FEFA96FC29A14D" blockId="29.[491,1006,1280,1308]" box="[491,1006,1280,1308]" pageId="29" pageNumber="511">
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<heading id="D09B81EF753CFF98D3FEFA96FC29A14D" bold="true" box="[491,1006,1280,1308]" fontSize="12" level="2" pageId="29" pageNumber="511" reason="6">
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<emphasis id="B918EA91753CFF98D3FEFA96FC29A14D" bold="true" box="[491,1006,1280,1308]" pageId="29" pageNumber="511">
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<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D00753CFF98D3FEFA96FC8AA14D" ID-CoL="4RJ8Z" authority="Hirst, 1924" authorityName="Hirst" authorityYear="1924" box="[491,845,1280,1308]" class="Arachnida" family="Tenuipalpidae" genus="Raoiella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="29" pageNumber="511" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="indica">
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<emphasis id="B918EA91753CFF98D3FEFA96FD7AA14D" bold="true" box="[491,701,1280,1308]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="511">Raoiella indica</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B72753CFF98D0D6FA96FC8AA14D" author="Hirst S." box="[707,845,1280,1308]" pageId="29" pageNumber="511" pagination="14" refId="ref16953" refString="Hirst S. 1924. On some new species of red spider. Annals and Magazine of Natural History Serie, 9 (14):" type="journal article" year="1924">Hirst, 1924</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<figureCitation id="13572A06753CFF98D148FA96FC23A14D" box="[861,996,1280,1308]" captionStart="Figure 22" captionStartId="31.[119,186,1489,1510]" captionTargetBox="[361,1206,220,1415]" captionTargetId="figure-2@31.[307,1290,220,1436]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="Figure 22 Raoiella indicaHirst – Female: A – dorsal view; B – tarsi I-II;; Deutonymph: C – opisthogaster." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5399576" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5399576/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="511">Figure 22</figureCitation>
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)
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3766508753CFF98D3FEFAA1FD4AA3AC" pageId="29" pageNumber="511" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BD33683753CFF98D3FEFAA1FB44A1AB" blockId="29.[491,1521,1335,1565]" pageId="29" pageNumber="511">
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Diagnosis (Female) — Body round, prodorsum with 3 pairs setae and smoothly rounded anteriorly, dorsal setae long and with clavate tips, setae
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<emphasis id="B918EA91753CFF98D656FACFFB68A120" box="[1091,1199,1369,1393]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="511">c1, d1, e1</emphasis>
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weakly spatulate (
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<emphasis id="B918EA91753CFF98D763FACFFA48A120" box="[1398,1423,1369,1393]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="511">e1</emphasis>
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often tapered), seta
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<emphasis id="B918EA91753CFF98D096FAEDFD59A1C2" box="[643,670,1403,1427]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="511">h1</emphasis>
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subequal in length to
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<emphasis id="B918EA91753CFF98D187FAEDFC6BA1C2" box="[914,940,1403,1427]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="511">h2</emphasis>
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, seta
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<emphasis id="B918EA91753CFF98D1F8FAEDFBCFA1C2" box="[1005,1032,1403,1427]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="511">h2</emphasis>
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setiform, with finely tapered tip, seta
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<emphasis id="B918EA91753CFF98D7BCFAEDFA79A1C2" box="[1449,1470,1403,1427]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="511">f2</emphasis>
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shorter than
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<emphasis id="B918EA91753CFF98D07AFA08FD44A1E7" box="[623,643,1438,1462]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="511">f3</emphasis>
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(
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<figureCitation id="13572A06753CFF98D087FA08FD2EA1E7" box="[658,745,1438,1462]" captionStart="Figure 22" captionStartId="31.[119,186,1489,1510]" captionTargetBox="[361,1206,220,1415]" captionTargetId="figure-2@31.[307,1290,220,1436]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="Figure 22 Raoiella indicaHirst – Female: A – dorsal view; B – tarsi I-II;; Deutonymph: C – opisthogaster." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5399576" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5399576/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="511">Fig 22A</figureCitation>
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); coxae III-IV nude, femur II with 4 setae, genua I-II with 3 setae, tarsi I-II with companion seta obviously longer than solenidion (
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<figureCitation id="13572A06753CFF98D662FA56FB16A189" box="[1143,1233,1472,1496]" captionStart="Figure 22" captionStartId="31.[119,186,1489,1510]" captionTargetBox="[361,1206,220,1415]" captionTargetId="figure-2@31.[307,1290,220,1436]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="Figure 22 Raoiella indicaHirst – Female: A – dorsal view; B – tarsi I-II;; Deutonymph: C – opisthogaster." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5399576" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5399576/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="511">Fig 22B</figureCitation>
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); palp with distal segment with one setiform eupathidium, one seta and one solenidion.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BD33683753CFF98D006F993FA06A24C" blockId="29.[491,1521,1335,1565]" box="[531,1473,1541,1565]" pageId="29" pageNumber="511">
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Male — With distinctively shaped posterior opisthosoma, with
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<emphasis id="B918EA91753CFF98D6A0F993FB1CA24C" box="[1205,1243,1541,1565]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="511">ps1</emphasis>
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very short (
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<figureCitation id="13572A06753CFF98D749F993FA71A24C" box="[1372,1462,1541,1565]" captionStart="Figure 22" captionStartId="31.[119,186,1489,1510]" captionTargetBox="[361,1206,220,1415]" captionTargetId="figure-2@31.[307,1290,220,1436]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="Figure 22 Raoiella indicaHirst – Female: A – dorsal view; B – tarsi I-II;; Deutonymph: C – opisthogaster." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5399576" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5399576/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="511">Fig 22C</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BD33683753CFF98D006F9DCFDEFA35C" blockId="29.[491,1522,1609,1805]" pageId="29" pageNumber="511">
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Hosts and localities — In
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<collectingCountry id="F37B7613753CFF98D123F9DFFCB6A230" box="[822,881,1609,1633]" name="Israel" pageId="29" pageNumber="511">Israel</collectingCountry>
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this species was collected from
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<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D00753CFF98D6D8F9DFFA6FA230" box="[1229,1448,1609,1633]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Phoenix" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="29" pageNumber="511" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dactylifera">
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<emphasis id="B918EA91753CFF98D6D8F9DFFA6FA230" box="[1229,1448,1609,1633]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="511">Phoenix dactylifera</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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L. (
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<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D00753CFF98D3E6F9FAFDA0A2D5" box="[499,615,1644,1668]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="29" pageNumber="511" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Arecaceae</taxonomicName>
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), Arava Valley (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B72753CFF98D106F9FAFB95A2D5" author="Smith Meyer M. K. P. & Gerson U." box="[787,1106,1644,1668]" pageId="29" pageNumber="511" pagination="67 - 81" refId="ref18127" refString="Smith Meyer M. K. P., Gerson U. 1981. Some false spider mites (Prostigmata: Tenuipalpidae) from Israel. Israel Journal of Entomology, 15: 67 - 81." type="journal article" year="1981">Smith Meyer & Gerson, 1981</bibRefCitation>
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). Originally described from
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<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D00753CFF98D799F9FAFD8EA2F7" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Cocos" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="29" pageNumber="511" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nucifera">
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<emphasis id="B918EA91753CFF98D799F9FAFD8EA2F7" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="511">Cocos nucifera</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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L. (
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<taxonomicName id="4C6C4D00753CFF98D07BF918FD25A2F7" box="[622,738,1678,1702]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="29" pageNumber="511" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Arecaceae</taxonomicName>
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), in
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<collectingCountry id="F37B7613753CFF98D118F918FC8EA2F7" box="[781,841,1678,1702]" name="India" pageId="29" pageNumber="511">India</collectingCountry>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B72753CFF98D142F918FC0EA2F7" author="Hirst S." box="[855,969,1678,1702]" pageId="29" pageNumber="511" pagination="14" refId="ref16953" refString="Hirst S. 1924. On some new species of red spider. Annals and Magazine of Natural History Serie, 9 (14):" type="journal article" year="1924">Hirst, 1924</bibRefCitation>
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), it has since then been collected from many palm species world-wide (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B72753CFF98D0C6F926FC62A299" author="Dowling A. P. G. & Ochoa R. & Beard J. J. & Welbourn W. C. & Ueckermann E. A." box="[723,933,1712,1736]" pageId="29" pageNumber="511" refId="ref16147" refString="Dowling A. P. G., Ochoa R., Beard J. J., Welbourn W. C., Ueckermann E. A. 2012. Phylogenetic investiga-" type="book" year="2012">
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Dowling
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<emphasis id="B918EA91753CFF98D13AF927FCA2A299" box="[815,869,1712,1736]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="511">et al.</emphasis>
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, 2012
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</bibRefCitation>
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). After its introduction into the Americas this pest has expanded its host plant range to 96 plant species, including bananas (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B72753CFF98D718F945FDDAA35C" author="Amaro G. & De Morais E. G. F." pageId="29" pageNumber="511" pagination="343 - 355" refId="ref15252" refString="Amaro G., De Morais E. G. F. 2013. Potential geographical distribution of the red palm mite in South America. Experimental and Applied Acarology, 60: 343 - 355. doi: 10.1007 / s 10493 - 012 - 9651 - 9" type="journal article" year="2013">Amaro & De Morais, 2013</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BD33683753CFF98D006F8ACFD4AA3AC" blockId="29.[491,1547,1850,2045]" pageId="29" pageNumber="511">
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Symptoms — The symptoms in coconut plants start as small yellow spots on the abaxial leaf surface. Feeding damage causes the two sides of leaflets to fold onto each other. Continued feeding probably is responsible for the curling and drying of the leaflet tips. As feeding progresses the green leaves turn pale green, then yellow and finally copper-brown (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFFD4B72753CFF98D76BF837FDA5A38A" author="Rodrigues J. C. V. & Ochoa R. & Kane E. C." pageId="29" pageNumber="511" pagination="3 - 5" refId="ref17658" refString="Rodrigues J. C. V., Ochoa R., Kane E. C. 2007. First report of Raoiella indica Hirst (Acari: Tenuipalpidae) and its damage to coconut palms in Puerto Rico and Culebra Island. International Journal of Acarology, 33 (1): 3 - 5. doi: 10.1080 / 01647950708684493" type="journal article" year="2007">
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Rodrigues
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<emphasis id="B918EA91753CFF98D3FEF852FDE4A38A" box="[491,547,1987,2011]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="511">et al.</emphasis>
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, 2007
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</bibRefCitation>
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). This species is not a pest in
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<collectingCountry id="F37B7613753CFF98D1A5F855FC2CA38A" box="[944,1003,1987,2011]" name="Israel" pageId="29" pageNumber="511">Israel</collectingCountry>
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but a severe pest in Central America and southern
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<collectingCountry id="F37B7613753CFF98D044F873FD4DA3AC" box="[593,650,2021,2045]" name="United States of America" pageId="29" pageNumber="511">USA</collectingCountry>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |