142 lines
18 KiB
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142 lines
18 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/dez.70.100804" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1860-1324-2-221" ID-Pensoft-UUID="7EB2FB6659E4538C811B62C9D8009E3D" ID-ZooBank="2824CBF6C72A4397B944262D324AF5D6" ModsDocID="1860-1324-70-2-221" checkinTime="1689044411682" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Hemp, Claudia, Montealegre-Z, Fernando, Woodrow, Charlie & Heller, Klaus-Gerhard" docDate="2023" docId="D6956AF93FB55339BCEDE31E4F54AEC6" docLanguage="en" docName="DeutEntomolZeit 70(2): 221-259" docOrigin="Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift 70 (2)" docPubDate="2023-07-10" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/dez.70.100804" docTitle="Dioncomena tanneri Ragge 1980" docType="treatment" docVersion="1" id="7EB2FB6659E4538C811B62C9D8009E3D" lastPageNumber="221" masterDocId="7EB2FB6659E4538C811B62C9D8009E3D" masterDocTitle="Bush-crickets with very special ears and songs - review of the East African Phaneropterinae genus Dioncomena Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878, with notes on its biogeography and the description of new species" masterLastPageNumber="259" masterPageNumber="221" pageNumber="221" updateTime="1689044411682" updateUser="pensoft">
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<mods:title id="107C961C7E1019BEF00CE304367855F6">Bush-crickets with very special ears and songs - review of the East African Phaneropterinae genus Dioncomena Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878, with notes on its biogeography and the description of new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="2D41CCF83D529399DFE02A90560B0BEA">Hemp, Claudia</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="1043EB24DB744207B92A3ECCC9AD8177">University of Bayreuth, Department Plant Systematics & Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Center, Frankfurt, Germany</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="EB21F0104F7E3256B3E41BF49DA3E6B2" type="email">claudiahemp@yahoo.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="D45204BD72FAEF7E61E650A6AC1945E8">Montealegre-Z, Fernando</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="8FBCC8713AFD9F444CE0B79F3C4139B0">University of Lincoln, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Joseph Banks Laboratories, Lincoln, UK</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="4938C31BF8759E31CD517D9B7A1FFC61">Woodrow, Charlie</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="7E3AB90C89E1ED4CFF73FB69BFE24C3C">University of Lincoln, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Joseph Banks Laboratories, Lincoln, UK</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="B417EFB9972C47A8B83B234218157824">Heller, Klaus-Gerhard</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="2AB0849C7661861DDC25ABC79A61D8E8">Triesdorf Bahnhof 8, 91732 Merkendorf, Germany</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:date id="857EBD3B0063A982930C12D16FAA7C14">2023</mods:date>
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<mods:identifier id="98CAA8FEDB6E69DA3EAECD3ADD923165" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/dez.70.100804</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="D6956AF93FB55339BCEDE31E4F54AEC6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D6956AF93FB55339BCEDE31E4F54AEC6" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D6956AF93FB55339BCEDE31E4F54AEC6" lastPageNumber="221" pageId="0" pageNumber="221">
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<subSubSection id="13390E2BE0CB155090701803B8281E5D" pageId="0" pageNumber="221" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="5B11AE89A1B06507911A8B740858A5A1" pageId="0" pageNumber="221">
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<taxonomicName id="C5EDD71131EED10E520424B0B376870D" ID-CoL="36B6X" LSID="D6956AF9-3FB5-5339-BCED-E31E4F54AEC6" authority="Ragge, 1980" authorityName="Ragge" authorityYear="1980" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Dioncomena" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dioncomena tanneri" order="Orthoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="221" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tanneri">Dioncomena tanneri Ragge, 1980</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="9755523CEE9E1E54D9D68520D78D02A6" pageId="0" pageNumber="221" type="description">
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<paragraph id="C868E05751018CDD2B934E7AC2C3EB38" pageId="0" pageNumber="221">
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<figureCitation id="C5153B2B6ADEFB50DC897BFA7506217F" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Stridulatory files of Dioncomena species, tegmen articulation to the right. A-E. D. jagoi - group: A. D. jagoi; B. D. flavoviridis sp. nov.; C. D. magombera sp. nov.; D. D. sanje sp. nov.; E. D. grandis (from Naskrecki and Guta 2019); F. D. ornata (Nguru Mts.); G. D. zernyi; H. D. tanneri; I. D. versicolor sp. nov.; J. D. ngurumontana sp. nov." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.70.100804.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/871454" pageId="0" pageNumber="221">Figs 2H</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="81AD0197811341E5032DBCFD37EFD2C7" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Morphological details of male Dioncomena species A-C. D. versicolor sp. nov., semilateral view on apex (A, B) and subgenital plate (C) Dorsal view on apex of D. tanneri (D), apex (E) and subgenital plate (F) of D. ngurumontana sp. nov." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.70.100804.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/871465" pageId="0" pageNumber="221">, 13D</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="C56D61AA652EDA71207457E1379728FA" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Habitus of male (A) and female (B) D. versicolor sp. nov. and male (C) and female (D) D. tanneri. Morphological details of female D. versicolor sp. nov., subgenital plate (E) and ovipositor (F). Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.70.100804.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/871467" pageId="0" pageNumber="221">, 15C, D</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="EE5C893AC3F4CDBA8A9596B740C56778" captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="F19" captionText="Figure 19. Oscillograms of male calling songs of Dioncomena species. Overview (150 - s-sections)." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.70.100804.figure19" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/871471" pageId="0" pageNumber="221">, 19</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="09BF723BB73B8EB51BBA89F7FC13316D" captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="F21" captionText="Figure 21. Oscillograms of male calling songs of Dioncomena species. Central portion of main part of song; 20 - s-sections." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.70.100804.figure21" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/871473" pageId="0" pageNumber="221">, 21</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="7A56A2BC0722E81D26B8C8ED35B98A09" captionStart="Figure 22" captionStartId="F22" captionText="Figure 22. Oscillograms of male tick songs of Dioncomena species. A-C. D. flavoviridis; A, B. ticks; C. alternating males; D. D. jagoi; E. D. grandis (from Naskrecki and Guta 2019); F, G. D. magombera sp. nov.; H, I. D. sanje sp. nov.; J-L. D. ornata; M. D. zernyi; N. D. tanneri; O. D. versicolor sp. nov.; P. D. ngurumontana sp. nov." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.70.100804.figure22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/871475" pageId="0" pageNumber="221">, 22N</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="7284FEDB8FB41C32D8664D60D461800B" captionStart="Figure 26" captionStartId="F26" captionText="Figure 26. Oscillograms of male calling songs of Dioncomena species. Detail (3 - s-sections). A. D. jagoi; B-D. D. magombera sp. nov.; E, F. D. zernyi; G, H. D. tanneri; I, J. D. versicolor sp. nov." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.70.100804.figure26" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/871481" pageId="0" pageNumber="221">, 26G, H</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="ADD5D80F50C47637762284AA5EE8E3CB" captionStart="Figure 28" captionStartId="F28" captionText="Figure 28. Oscillograms of male calling songs of Dioncomena species. Detail (1 - s-sections). A-C. D. ornata: A. Section of first part; B. Section of first part in atypical male; C. Section of second part; D. D. tanneri; E, F. D. ngurumontana sp. nov.: E. Change from fast to slow rhythm; F. ' coda'." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.70.100804.figure28" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/871483" pageId="0" pageNumber="221">, 28D</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="11988CBDE401268BAA550B9E4B335449" captionStart="Figure 30" captionStartId="F30" captionText="Figure 30. Power spectra of the male calling songs of the Dioncomena species studied. Asteriks in the respective color mark the positions of the analysed sounds, for D. flavoviridis sp. nov. in Fig. 23, for D. jagoi in Fig. 20, for D. magombera sp. nov. in Fig. 25, for D. sanje sp. nov. see Figs 26, 29 (dense combination: blue and violett, high frequency syllable: green, gappy combination: red), for D. ornata in Fig. 27, for D. zernyi in Fig. 25 E (song), Fig. 21 M (ticks), for D. tanneri in Fig. 25, for D. versicolor sp. nov. in Fig. 25, for D. ngurumontana sp. nov. in Fig. 23." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.70.100804.figure30" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/871485" pageId="0" pageNumber="221">, 30</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="6077DA03D37EC377980E0DEAB26C44F4" captionStart="Figure 36" captionStartId="F36" captionText="Figure 36. Distribution of Dioncomena species in East Africa. Locality data this paper, Ragge 1980; Hemp 2017; Massa 2021; Naskrecki and Guta 2019. Source: Google maps." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.70.100804.figure36" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/871491" pageId="0" pageNumber="221">, 36</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="F944790C91353213BEFFECE7715E5B28" pageId="0" pageNumber="221" type="notes on biogeography and phenology">
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<paragraph id="AD6BC0829E4D0BC7D173A4FB2DC0A796" pageId="0" pageNumber="221">Notes on biogeography and phenology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="17C0C9D7C714CE5B7E0D63ED3399CD17" pageId="0" pageNumber="221">
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<taxonomicName id="484A603D8E41A6FF73B27A15D99C0363" authorityName="Ragge" authorityYear="1980" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Dioncomena" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dioncomena tanneri" order="Orthoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="221" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tanneri">
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<emphasis id="8096097A3703459CD75FE5EAA01A1BA3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="221">Dioncomena tanneri</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is exclusively found in the Usambara Mountains. Despite extensive screening of various forests in the West Usambara Mountains (such as Magamba, Shagayu, Ambangulu, and Lutindi forest remains),
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<taxonomicName id="5268E6ECDAAC217C34890F7F1B6A3473" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="D. tanneri" order="Orthoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="221" rank="species" species="tanneri">
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<emphasis id="82F5D1140D0CAF6C98357E1DDB477511" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="221">D. tanneri</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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individuals were only found in Mazumbai Forest Reserve, where they were observed in forest clearings and in tall herb vegetation and low bushes along a sunny road through the forest. The reserve was screened for almost all months of the year, but
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<taxonomicName id="0911F0A22651BE42CDB0CBE17F3746F2" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="D. tanneri" order="Orthoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="221" rank="species" species="tanneri">
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<emphasis id="91C73DF659F25A60D8BF70D2EF884C12" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="221">D. tanneri</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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individuals were only captured during the warm period between December and April. A single female that was either conspecific or closely related to
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<taxonomicName id="77D12D7832D6BFDABA0BDC439778FF95" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="D. tanneri" order="Orthoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="221" rank="species" species="tanneri">
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<emphasis id="806166B95290B6E10A279C64D5247953" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="221">D. tanneri</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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was discovered in the montane elevations of the Nilo Forest Reserve in the East Usambara Mountains. Further investigation is required to determine whether
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<taxonomicName id="80B9C2A5926E1334F4C5E329E9898367" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="D. tanneri" order="Orthoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="221" rank="species" species="tanneri">
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<emphasis id="736AF4BA4CC77F9FC9E3B72627BB824C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="221">D. tanneri</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is present at montane elevations in the East Usambara Mountains, or if a closely related species has evolved in these forests.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8A111A6318F8A1EFAC07204955E06D41" pageId="0" pageNumber="221" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph id="B9D70009EF972941FBE53CB4AF8BF101" pageId="0" pageNumber="221">Biology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="9C2BCA151E761C44AFE56268B27BEAC0" pageId="0" pageNumber="221">
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Females caught in March 2021 along a road passing through Mazumbai Forest Reserve laid numerous eggs onto thin branches in early April 2021. The first nymphs hatched in mid-September 2021 and became adult at the beginning of December 2021. Development took roughly two and a half months from L1 to the adult. When placed together in captivity,
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<taxonomicName id="083B767544905B2396966DC749C31A35" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="D. tanneri" order="Orthoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="221" rank="species" species="tanneri">
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<emphasis id="F716945A56100D79A0440137314A1745" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="221">D. tanneri</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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fed on each other once individuals became weak or died. This indicates that
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<taxonomicName id="81B86450C5840AE62DD737500AD0A0EC" authorityName="Brunner von Wattenwyl" authorityYear="1878" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Dioncomena" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dioncomena" order="Orthoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="221" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="253D8EF0DF43119671DE7C72F9DD2072" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="221">Dioncomena</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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species are partly carnivorous, despite the fact that nymphs were solely reared on herb vegetation such as
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<taxonomicName id="84A552294B3ABECE0FED91D3A61511A5" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Taraxacum" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Taraxacum officinale" order="Asterales" pageId="0" pageNumber="221" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="officinale">
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<emphasis id="8AAB35B435678A6F1064FBF87459406C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="221">Taraxacum officinale</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. In the field, individuals were frequently found clustered, with several males and females located in close proximity to one another. However, no individuals were observed in other suitable locations along paths or on clearings.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="617B56B8D4EB290877DACC0D183036ED" pageId="0" pageNumber="221" type="habitat">
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<paragraph id="D098DB7D338DDFE43D21FDB18395B6C7" pageId="0" pageNumber="221">Habitat and distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="4FA5EEC28E0C5991ABBC12383D080834" pageId="0" pageNumber="221">
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<taxonomicName id="E2C09728A682D2C554D2F26160AE87C6" authorityName="Ragge" authorityYear="1980" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Dioncomena" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dioncomena tanneri" order="Orthoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="221" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tanneri">
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<emphasis id="199E941896FE795274A6DE872E88F484" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="221">Dioncomena tanneri</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is typically found along open forest paths and clearings in the montane zone. It is restricted to the Usambara Mountains.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |