treatments-xml/data/03/E8/87/03E887F4DF09FFD019D43E9CF541F9E3.xml

<document id="22B7672ED7C0A3565C743949C36B8B20" ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.363.1.1" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13703414" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1725581356715" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Negaresh, Kazem &amp; Rahiminejad, Mohammad Reza" docDate="2018" docId="03E887F4DF09FFD019D43E9CF541F9E3" docLanguage="en" docName="phytotaxa.363.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 363 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.363.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:F08184CE06D8A97EA3E6DE35D99648B0.4:Phytotaxa.2014-.monograph" docStyleId="F08184CE06D8A97EA3E6DE35D99648B0" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2014-.monograph" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Centaurea bavegehensis Ranjbar &amp; Negaresh 2014" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="450" masterDocId="FFD1FF8CDF12FFCC195C3E3CF14EFF83" masterDocTitle="A revision of Centaurea sect. Cynaroides (Asteraceae, Cardueae-Centaureinae)" masterLastPageNumber="450" masterPageNumber="448" pageNumber="448" updateTime="1725593506943" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="554B2C814098AC246E76F31D326B643A">A revision of Centaurea sect. Cynaroides (Asteraceae, Cardueae-Centaureinae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="DA37B983750EE3D3706B5280149DADD6">Negaresh, Kazem</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="3CEAFCEF5F62B81E6E3CD098B1595980">Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Khuzestan Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Mollasani, Ahvaz, Iran. (* Corresponding author e-mail: negaresh @ ramin. ac. ir)</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="B58C1989D723BB2CA1B6DDA00C4909A6">Rahiminejad, Mohammad Reza</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="B66DF28259B50629441AAB821546B16B">Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Khuzestan Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Mollasani, Ahvaz, Iran. (* Corresponding author e-mail: negaresh @ ramin. ac. ir) &amp; Department of Biology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan 81746 - 73441, Iran. &amp; Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Khuzestan Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Mollasani, Ahvaz, Iran. (* Corresponding author e-mail: negaresh @ ramin. ac. ir)</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="AC33A6A27B752FDB9088C0210EA72444">Phytotaxa</mods:title>
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<emphasis id="B935EAF0DF09FFD719D43E9CF1D3FF3A" bold="true" box="[136,157,160,185]" pageId="27">6.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C414D61DF09FFD719FA3EA2F21FFF3A" ID-CoL="S66V" authority="Ranjbar &amp; Negaresh (2014 b: 324)" authorityName="Ranjbar &amp; Negaresh" authorityPageNumber="324" authorityYear="2014" box="[166,849,158,185]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Centaurea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="27" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bavegehensis">
<emphasis id="B935EAF0DF09FFD719FA3EA2F08EFF3A" bold="true" box="[166,448,158,185]" italics="true" pageId="27">Centaurea bavegehensis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD04B13DF09FFD718953E9CF21FFF3A" author="Ranjbar, M. &amp; Negaresh, K." box="[457,849,160,185]" pageId="27" pagination="321 - 327" refId="ref68844" refString="Ranjbar, M. &amp; Negaresh, K. (2014 b) Taxonomic notes and two new species in Centaurea sect. Cynaroides (Compositae, Cardueae) from Iran. Novon 23 (3): 321 - 327." type="journal article" year="2014">Ranjbar &amp; Negaresh (2014b: 324)</bibRefCitation>
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. 
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:— 
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. Prov. 
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: 
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, 
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to 
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, 
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, 
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, 
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, 
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&amp; 
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28812
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(
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BASU!). (
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and 
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)
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Biennial plants, whole usually green, with thick fleshy taproot, ca. 
<quantity id="4CB99B07DF09FFD71A243F12F285FEC4" box="[888,971,302,327]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="27" unit="cm" value="100.0">100 cm</quantity>
tall; collum neck with fibrous remnants of petioles from previous year. Stem erect, usually simple, up to 
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diam. at base, cylindrical, finely white striate, loosely leafy from lower to median parts, lower part sparsely covered with hirsute-articulate hairs, up to 
<quantity id="4CB99B07DF09FFD71C753F48F425FE0E" box="[1321,1387,372,397]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="27" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
long, median part also with sessile glandular hairs, upper part with hirsute and scattered sessile glandular hairs. Leaves rigid, papyraceous (on drying), sparsely covered with hirsute-articulate hairs, sometimes denser along midrib, and sessile glands, blade margins subscabrous. Basal leaves withered at anthesis, apparently with a long petiole, up to 
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, reddish. Lower cauline leaves simple, lanceolate, ca. 25 × 
<quantity id="4CB99B07DF09FFD71ADE3C3DF2F0FD99" box="[898,958,513,538]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="27" unit="cm" value="8.0">8 cm</quantity>
, subcuneate at base, with ca. 
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petiole, basally auriculate, acute at apex, denticulate. Median cauline leaves sessile, oblanceolate or oblong, 15.5–20 × 
<quantity id="4CB99B07DF09FFD71C0F3C18F4E9FDBE" box="[1363,1447,548,573]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="27" unit="cm" value="5.5" valueMax="8.0" valueMin="3.0">3–8 cm</quantity>
, broadly decurrent, up to 
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along stem, acute or subacuminate at apex, entire. Upper cauline leaves acropetally smaller, sessile, lanceolate to narrowly lanceolate or linear, 1.5–12 × 
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, sometimes bract-like, sparsely covered with hirsutulous-articulate and scattered arachnoid hairs (especially on margins), sometimes with arachnoid hairs ± predominant in the indument, acuminate or acute at apex, sometimes decurrent, up to 
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along stem. Capitula several, 4 to 15, arranged in a raceme, upper capitula on peduncles ca. 
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long, sometimes lowest with 2–3 heads, sometimes with bracts similar to phyllaries with small stramineous and chaffy appendages.Involucres ovoid-cupuliform or ovoid, truncate at base, 35–45 × 35–45(–47) mm. Phyllaries multiseriate, green in vivo, greenish-yellow in sicco, imbricate, coriaceous to scarious, densely lanate-tomentose. Appendages rigid-chartaceous, concealing a minor part of phyllaries, not decurrent, straw-coloured; cilia erect, few, 2–4 on each side, 
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long; spines narrowly triangular, much longer than adjacent cilia. Outer phyllaries ovate to oblong, 4.5–9.5 × 
<quantity id="4CB99B07DF09FFD71A8A3DB8F504FC1E" box="[982,1098,900,925]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.25" metricValueMax="9.5" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="27" unit="mm" value="7.25" valueMax="9.5" valueMin="5.0">5–9.5 mm</quantity>
; appendages triangular, 8.5–9 × 
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(including cilia and spine), gradually narrowing into a 
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spine. Median phyllaries broadly oblong, sometimes ovate to oblong, 12.5–17 × 
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; appendages elongate triangular, 14–16 × 
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(including cilia and spine), gradually narrowed into a 
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spine. Inner phyllaries lanceolate or linear, 20–30 × 
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; appendages narrowly triangular, 13–16.5 × 
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(including cilia and spine), gradually narrowed into a 
<quantity id="4CB99B07DF09FFD71C033A2DF1FAFBCE" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.1" metricValueMax="10.2" metricValueMin="8.0" pageId="27" unit="mm" value="9.1" valueMax="10.2" valueMin="8.0">8–10.2 mm</quantity>
spine. Flowers pale pink to pink; central florets hermaphroditic, 
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long, corolla ca. 
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long, 5- lobed, lobes 
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long, with reddish nerves, anthers ± equal to corolla, with apical appendages acute or obtuse, stigma exserted from corolla up to 
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; peripheral florets sterile, nearly equal to central ones, numerous (
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each capitulum) and conspicuous, finely dissected, slightly radiant, 5-lobed, limb lobe narrowly lanceolate to linear, ± 
<quantity id="4CB99B07DF09FFD719FE3AFDF1A8FB59" box="[162,230,1217,1242]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="27" unit="mm" value="8.0">8 mm</quantity>
long. Achenes oblong or ovate-oblong, 
<quantity id="4CB99B07DF09FFD71BE03AFDF208FB59" box="[700,838,1217,1242]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.85" metricValueMax="7.2" metricValueMin="6.5" pageId="27" unit="mm" value="6.85" valueMax="7.2" valueMin="6.5">6.5–7.2 mm</quantity>
long, 
<quantity id="4CB99B07DF09FFD71ACF3AFDF550FB59" box="[915,1054,1217,1242]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="4.1" metricValueMin="3.9" pageId="27" unit="mm" value="4.0" valueMax="4.1" valueMin="3.9">3.9–4.1 mm</quantity>
wide, smooth and shiny, white or yellowish, rounded at apex, glabrous; insertion areole lateral, ca. 
<quantity id="4CB99B07DF09FFD71A0A3AD8F292FB7E" box="[854,988,1252,1277]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="27" unit="mm" value="0.65" valueMax="0.8" valueMin="0.5">0.5–0.8 mm</quantity>
long, with pilose hairs. Pappus persistent, multiseriate, scabrous, pale brown, 
<quantity id="4CB99B07DF09FFD71B493B34F3C0FAA2" box="[533,654,1288,1313]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="1.3" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="27" unit="mm" value="12.5" valueMax="13.0" valueMin="12.0">12–13 mm</quantity>
long, bristles of inner rows very slightly longer than others.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFE36E2DF09FFD719E13B17F0D4F88E" blockId="27.[136,1452,302,2087]" pageId="27">
<emphasis id="B935EAF0DF09FFD719E13B17F332FAC7" bold="true" box="[189,636,1323,1348]" pageId="27">Taxonomic and distribution remarks:</emphasis>
— 
<taxonomicName id="4C414D61DF09FFD71BC43B17F2E6FAC7" authorityName="Ranjbar &amp; Negaresh" authorityYear="2014" box="[664,936,1323,1348]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Centaurea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="27" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bavegehensis">
<emphasis id="B935EAF0DF09FFD71BC43B17F2E6FAC7" box="[664,936,1323,1348]" italics="true" pageId="27">Centaurea bavegehensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a rare endemic of 
<collectingRegion id="4985F800DF09FFD71DD23B17F4C9FAC7" box="[1166,1415,1323,1348]" country="Iran" name="Kermanshah" pageId="27">Kermanshah Province</collectingRegion>
, W 
<collectingCountry id="F3567672DF09FFD719D43B72F1FBFAE4" box="[136,181,1358,1383]" name="Iran" pageId="27">Iran</collectingCountry>
(
<figureCitation id="137A2A67DF09FFD719993B72F057FAE4" box="[197,281,1358,1383]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="24.[136,229,1821,1842]" captionTargetBox="[163,1371,1083,1792]" captionTargetId="figure-438@24.[151,1436,1073,1796]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURE 14. Distribution of Centaurea amanicola (circles), C. arifolia (squares), and C. bavegehensis (triangles)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13703442" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13703442/files/figure.png" pageId="27">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
). It is an Irano-Turanian element, and grows on roadsides and fallow fields, at elevations of 
<quantity id="4CB99B07DF09FFD71C713B72F1D0FA09" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.425" metricValueMax="1.45" metricValueMin="1.4" pageId="27" unit="m" value="1425.0" valueMax="1450.0" valueMin="1400.0">1400–1450 m</quantity>
(
<figureCitation id="137A2A67DF09FFD719ED3B4DF0DBFA09" box="[177,405,1393,1418]" captionStart="FIGURE 17" captionStartId="29.[136,229,1900,1921]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,190,1875]" captionTargetId="figure-14@29.[151,1436,190,1876]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURE 17. Centaurea bavegehensisRanjbar &amp;Negaresh (Negaresh&amp; Kamalnejad 20137,HUI).A. close upof capitule.B.inflorescence. C. habit. D. indumentum of median part of stem. Scale A = 1 cm, B = 5 cm, C = 20 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13703448" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13703448/files/figure.png" pageId="27">Figs. 17C and 17D</figureCitation>
). 
<taxonomicName id="4C414D61DF09FFD718F03B4DF38FFA09" authorityName="Ranjbar &amp; Negaresh" authorityYear="2014" box="[428,705,1393,1418]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Centaurea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="27" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bavegehensis">
<emphasis id="B935EAF0DF09FFD718F03B4DF38FFA09" box="[428,705,1393,1418]" italics="true" pageId="27">Centaurea bavegehensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is similar to 
<taxonomicName id="4C414D61DF09FFD71A3F3B4DF574FA09" authority="var. regia" box="[867,1082,1393,1418]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Centaurea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="27" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="regia" variety="regia">
<emphasis id="B935EAF0DF09FFD71A3F3B4DF28FFA09" box="[867,961,1393,1418]" italics="true" pageId="27">C. regia</emphasis>
var. 
<emphasis id="B935EAF0DF09FFD71D5C3B4DF574FA09" box="[1024,1082,1393,1418]" italics="true" pageId="27">regia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by having flowers pink, leaves papyraceous, upper cauline leaves narrowly decurrent and also the sympatric occurrence of both taxa near Ravansar. However, 
<taxonomicName id="4C414D61DF09FFD719A33B84F0F6FA52" authorityName="Ranjbar &amp; Negaresh" authorityYear="2014" box="[255,440,1464,1489]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Centaurea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="27" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bavegehensis">
<emphasis id="B935EAF0DF09FFD719A33B84F0F6FA52" box="[255,440,1464,1489]" italics="true" pageId="27">C. bavegehensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs significantly from it by having lower cauline leaves lanceolate, ca. 25 × 
<quantity id="4CB99B07DF09FFD71C363B84F4E9FA52" box="[1386,1447,1464,1489]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="27" unit="cm" value="8.0">8 cm</quantity>
, denticulate (
<emphasis id="B935EAF0DF09FFD718483BE7F065FA77" box="[276,299,1499,1524]" italics="true" pageId="27">vs</emphasis>
. broadly lanceolate, ca. 20 × 
<quantity id="4CB99B07DF09FFD71B213BE7F3BEFA77" box="[637,752,1499,1524]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" metricValueMax="1.2" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="27" unit="cm" value="11.0" valueMax="12.0" valueMin="10.0">10–12 cm</quantity>
, sometimes narrowed toward base or broadly decurrent along petiole, undivided or basally pinnatilobed), upper cauline leaves sparsely hirsutulous-articulate and scattered arachnoid hairs (especially on margins), sometimes with the arachnoid hairs ± predominant in the indumentum (
<emphasis id="B935EAF0DF09FFD71C6D381DF406F9B9" box="[1329,1352,1569,1594]" italics="true" pageId="27">vs</emphasis>
. loosely hirsute-articulate), involucres ovoid-cupuliform or ovoid, 35–45 × 35–45(–47) mm (
<emphasis id="B935EAF0DF09FFD71D163878F52FF9DE" box="[1098,1121,1604,1629]" italics="true" pageId="27">vs</emphasis>
. subglobose, 40–55 × 
<quantity id="4CB99B07DF09FFD71C393878F1F6F902" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="27" unit="mm" value="50.0" valueMax="60.0" valueMin="40.0">40–60 mm</quantity>
), phyllaries indumentum densely lanate-tomentose (
<emphasis id="B935EAF0DF09FFD71A483854F265F902" box="[788,811,1640,1665]" italics="true" pageId="27">vs</emphasis>
. glabrous), appendages rigid-chartaceous, concealing a minor part of phyllaries (
<emphasis id="B935EAF0DF09FFD718C738B7F0FCF927" box="[411,434,1675,1700]" italics="true" pageId="27">vs</emphasis>
. chartaceous, totally concealing phyllaries), outer appendages triangular (
<emphasis id="B935EAF0DF09FFD71DBF38B7F5B4F927" box="[1251,1274,1675,1700]" italics="true" pageId="27">vs</emphasis>
. ovate), median appendages elongate triangular, 14–16 × 
<quantity id="4CB99B07DF09FFD71B0F3892F3FEF944" box="[595,688,1710,1735]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="27" unit="mm" value="5.5" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="5.0">5–6 mm</quantity>
(
<emphasis id="B935EAF0DF09FFD71B9C3892F399F944" box="[704,727,1710,1735]" italics="true" pageId="27">vs</emphasis>
. broadly ovate, 20–25 × 
<quantity id="4CB99B07DF09FFD71AB23892F525F944" box="[1006,1131,1710,1735]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.25" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="27" unit="mm" value="22.5" valueMax="25.0" valueMin="20.0">20–25 mm</quantity>
), cilia few, 2–4 on each side, 
<quantity id="4CB99B07DF09FFD719D438EDF1B4F969" box="[136,250,1745,1770]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="0.8" pageId="27" unit="mm" value="1.9" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="0.8">0.8–3 mm</quantity>
long (
<emphasis id="B935EAF0DF09FFD7181F38EDF014F969" box="[323,346,1745,1770]" italics="true" pageId="27">vs</emphasis>
. numerous, 10–17 on each side, (3–) 
<quantity id="4CB99B07DF09FFD71BA438EDF219F969" box="[760,855,1745,1770]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="27" unit="mm" value="5.0" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="4.0">4–6 mm</quantity>
long), and also spine of median appendages 
<quantity id="4CB99B07DF09FFD71C1338EDF4E2F969" box="[1359,1452,1745,1770]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="27" unit="mm" value="7.5" valueMax="9.0" valueMin="6.0">6–9 mm</quantity>
(
<emphasis id="B935EAF0DF09FFD719CD38C8F1E6F88E" box="[145,168,1780,1805]" italics="true" pageId="27">vs</emphasis>
. (8–) 
<quantity id="4CB99B07DF09FFD719B838C8F01FF88E" box="[228,337,1780,1805]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.15" metricValueMax="1.4" metricValueMin="0.9" pageId="27" unit="mm" value="11.5" valueMax="14.0" valueMin="9.0">9–14 mm</quantity>
) long.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFE36E2DF09FFD719E13924F31EF7A4" blockId="27.[136,1452,302,2087]" pageId="27">
This species is also related to 
<taxonomicName id="4C414D61DF09FFD71B783924F38DF8B2" box="[548,707,1816,1841]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Centaurea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="27" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="shahuensis">
<emphasis id="B935EAF0DF09FFD71B783924F38DF8B2" box="[548,707,1816,1841]" italics="true" pageId="27">C. shahuensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, especially because of the same indumentum, flowers pink and appendages with few cilia. However, it differs from 
<taxonomicName id="4C414D61DF09FFD71B963907F22BF8D7" box="[714,869,1851,1876]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Centaurea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="27" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="shahuensis">
<emphasis id="B935EAF0DF09FFD71B963907F22BF8D7" box="[714,869,1851,1876]" italics="true" pageId="27">C. shahuensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in its lower cauline leaves lanceolate, ca. 25 × 
<quantity id="4CB99B07DF09FFD71C323907F4E9F8D7" box="[1390,1447,1851,1876]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="27" unit="cm" value="8.0">8 cm</quantity>
, denticulate (
<emphasis id="B935EAF0DF09FFD7184F3962F064F8F4" box="[275,298,1886,1911]" italics="true" pageId="27">vs</emphasis>
. broadly subcordate to ovate or broadly cordate-ovate, 27.5–37 × 
<quantity id="4CB99B07DF09FFD71D4E3962F5CAF8F4" box="[1042,1156,1886,1911]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" metricValueMax="1.8" metricValueMin="1.4" pageId="27" unit="cm" value="16.0" valueMax="18.0" valueMin="14.0">14–18 cm</quantity>
, entire), involucres ovoid-cupuliform or ovoid, truncate at base (
<emphasis id="B935EAF0DF09FFD71B6439BDF301F819" box="[568,591,1921,1946]" italics="true" pageId="27">vs</emphasis>
. globose-conical, somewhat convex at base, abruptly contracted at apex and angustate), outer appendages straw-coloured, 8.5–9 × 
<quantity id="4CB99B07DF09FFD71BA83998F21BF83E" box="[756,853,1956,1981]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="27" unit="mm" value="6.5" valueMax="7.0" valueMin="6.0">6–7 mm</quantity>
, gradually narrowing into a 
<quantity id="4CB99B07DF09FFD71DC23998F469F83E" box="[1182,1319,1956,1981]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.8" metricValueMax="4.8" metricValueMin="2.8" pageId="27" unit="mm" value="3.8" valueMax="4.8" valueMin="2.8">2.8–4.8 mm</quantity>
spine, cilia 2–4 on each side (
<emphasis id="B935EAF0DF09FFD7180B39F4F020F862" box="[343,366,1992,2017]" italics="true" pageId="27">vs</emphasis>
. purple to straw-coloured, ca. 15 × 
<quantity id="4CB99B07DF09FFD71A5F39F4F22CF862" box="[771,866,1992,2017]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="27" unit="mm" value="6.0" valueMax="7.0" valueMin="5.0">5–7 mm</quantity>
, gradually narrowing into a ca. 
<quantity id="4CB99B07DF09FFD71D9639F4F442F862" box="[1226,1292,1992,2017]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="27" unit="mm" value="8.0">8 mm</quantity>
spine, margin entire or sometimes with 1–2 cilia on each side, irregular), inner appendages straw-coloured (
<emphasis id="B935EAF0DF09FFD71DCF39D7F5E4F787" box="[1171,1194,2027,2052]" italics="true" pageId="27">vs</emphasis>
. deep purple), and also flowers 
<quantity id="4CB99B07DF09FFD719BF3632F012F7A4" box="[227,348,2062,2087]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.25" metricValueMax="5.5" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="27" unit="mm" value="52.5" valueMax="55.0" valueMin="50.0">50–55 mm</quantity>
(
<emphasis id="B935EAF0DF09FFD718303632F0CDF7A4" box="[364,387,2062,2087]" italics="true" pageId="27">vs</emphasis>
. ca. 
<quantity id="4CB99B07DF09FFD718E43632F346F7A4" box="[440,520,2062,2087]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="27" unit="mm" value="60.0">60 mm</quantity>
) long.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF3E666ADF0EFFD019D43BAAF30CFA4C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13703446" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13703446" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13703446/files/figure.png" pageId="28" startId="28.[136,229,1430,1451]" targetBox="[151,1417,190,1390]" targetPageId="28" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BFE36E2DF0EFFD019D43BAAF30CFA4C" blockId="28.[136,1452,1430,1487]" pageId="28">
<emphasis id="B935EAF0DF0EFFD019D43BAAF042FA28" bold="true" box="[136,268,1430,1451]" pageId="28">FIGURE 16.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C414D61DF0EFFD018483BAAF39DFA28" authority="Ranjbar &amp; Negaresh" authorityName="Ranjbar &amp; Negaresh" authorityYear="2014" box="[276,723,1430,1451]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Centaurea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="28" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bavegehensis">
<emphasis id="B935EAF0DF0EFFD018483BAAF34FFA28" box="[276,513,1430,1451]" italics="true" pageId="28">Centaurea bavegehensis</emphasis>
Ranjbar &amp; Negaresh
</taxonomicName>
(
<emphasis id="B935EAF0DF0EFFD01BBF3BAAF2BBFA28" box="[739,1013,1430,1451]" italics="true" pageId="28">Ranjbar &amp; Negaresh 28812</emphasis>
, BASU). 
<emphasis id="B935EAF0DF0EFFD01D053BAAF524FA28" bold="true" box="[1113,1130,1430,1451]" pageId="28">A</emphasis>
. inflorescence. 
<emphasis id="B935EAF0DF0EFFD01C5B3BAAF459FA28" bold="true" box="[1287,1303,1430,1451]" pageId="28">B</emphasis>
. habit and and median cauline leaves. Scale 
<emphasis id="B935EAF0DF0EFFD018FE3B86F0FDFA4C" bold="true" box="[418,435,1466,1487]" pageId="28">A</emphasis>
and 
<emphasis id="B935EAF0DF0EFFD018BE3B86F0BCFA4C" bold="true" box="[482,498,1466,1487]" pageId="28">B</emphasis>
= 2 cm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BFE36E2DF0EFFD019E13BC3F327F99B" blockId="28.[136,1451,1535,1632]" box="[189,617,1535,1560]" pageId="28">
<emphasis id="B935EAF0DF0EFFD019E13BC3F099F99B" bold="true" box="[189,471,1535,1560]" pageId="28">Chromosome numbers:</emphasis>
—Unknown.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35B6569DF0EFFD019E1381FF541F9E3" pageId="28" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BFE36E2DF0EFFD019E1381FF541F9E3" blockId="28.[136,1451,1535,1632]" pageId="28">
<emphasis id="B935EAF0DF0EFFD019E1381FF309F9BF" bold="true" box="[189,583,1571,1596]" pageId="28">Selected specimens examined:—</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B293CBFDF0EFFD01B1B381FF545F9E3" collectingDate="2014-05-27" collectionCode="HUI" collectorName="Negaresh &amp; Kamalnejad" country="Iran" county="Javanroud" elevation="1430" location="Ravansar" municipality="Ravansar" pageId="28" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kermanshah">
<emphasis id="B935EAF0DF0EFFD01B1B381FF3C1F9BF" bold="true" box="[583,655,1571,1596]" pageId="28">
<collectingCountry id="F3567672DF0EFFD01B1B381FF3C1F9BF" box="[583,655,1571,1596]" name="Iran" pageId="28">IRAN</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
. Prov. 
<collectingRegion id="4985F800DF0EFFD01BB9381FF239F9BF" box="[741,887,1571,1596]" country="Iran" name="Kermanshah" pageId="28">Kermanshah</collectingRegion>
: 
<collectingCounty id="629F4E6EDF0EFFD01AD9381FF2B6F9BF" box="[901,1016,1571,1596]" pageId="28">Javanroud</collectingCounty>
toward 
<collectingMunicipality id="6B9AAC98DF0EFFD01D00381FF588F9BF" box="[1116,1222,1571,1596]" pageId="28">Ravansar</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<quantity id="4CB99B07DF0EFFD01D89381FF45CF9BF" box="[1237,1298,1571,1596]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="28" unit="km" value="5.0">5 km</quantity>
to 
<location id="8E9E6039DF0EFFD01C61381FF4E9F9BF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E887F4DF09FFD019D43E9CF541F9E3:8E9E6039DF0EFFD01C61381FF4E9F9BF" box="[1341,1447,1571,1596]" country="Iran" county="Javanroud" municipality="Ravansar" name="Ravansar" pageId="28" stateProvince="Kermanshah">Ravansar</location>
, 
<quantity id="4CB99B07DF0EFFD019D4387BF191F9E3" box="[136,223,1607,1632]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.43" pageId="28" unit="m" value="1430.0">
<elevation id="006CD1D1DF0EFFD019D4387BF191F9E3" box="[136,223,1607,1632]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.43" pageId="28" unit="m" value="1430.0">1430 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<date id="FFFF1022DF0EFFD019B7387BF0CDF9E3" box="[235,387,1607,1632]" pageId="28" value="2014-05-27">
<collectingDate id="EFBBE9CADF0EFFD019B7387BF0CDF9E3" box="[235,387,1607,1632]" pageId="28" value="2014-05-27">27 May 2014</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<emphasis id="B935EAF0DF0EFFD018D2387BF3BCF9E3" box="[398,754,1607,1632]" italics="true" pageId="28">
<collectorName id="26B45334DF0EFFD018D2387BF0B6F9E3" box="[398,504,1607,1632]" pageId="28">Negaresh</collectorName>
&amp; 
<collectorName id="26B45334DF0EFFD01B40387BF3EBF9E3" box="[540,677,1607,1632]" pageId="28">Kamalnejad</collectorName>
20137
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED50AE27DF0EFFD01A5E387BF272F9E3" box="[770,828,1607,1632]" pageId="28">HUI</collectionCode>
!, herb. Negaresh!)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>