376 lines
48 KiB
XML
376 lines
48 KiB
XML
<document id="9349DE3DD7C04651A43CE00B2F76F594" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.274461" ID-GBIF-Dataset="ef0fb260-2d05-49c1-b816-b22d808665be" ID-ISSN="11755326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="274461" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1459928205885" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Lee, Daphne E., Gregory, Murray R., Lüter, Carsten, Zezina, Olga N. & H, Jeffrey" docDate="2008" docId="03E6FB077421C77EFF6EFEDBF755FD0F" docLanguage="en" docName="zt01866p150.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 1866" docStyle="DocumentStyle:6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0.4:Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleId="6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Eucalathinae" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="143" masterDocId="FFDF837F7422C779FFF9FF91F528FF98" masterDocTitle="Melvicalathis, a new brachiopod genus (Terebratulida: Chlidonophoridae) from deep sea volcanic substrates, and the biogeographic significance of the midocean ridge system *" masterLastPageNumber="150" masterPageNumber="136" pageNumber="139" updateTime="1698229657908" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="D9B5EB4A977279F4B3C72D3C78E66C0E">Melvicalathis, a new brachiopod genus (Terebratulida: Chlidonophoridae) from deep sea volcanic substrates, and the biogeographic significance of the midocean ridge system *</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="84BED18CE0DEE99BCE05BC8CFC7EB223">Lee, Daphne E.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="B1415BF7176BE0405494303CB8D7FCF0">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="A9A4FAEBBF49ACB0F731B03DE647B8B4">Gregory, Murray R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="0EA6B6020ADD3782D71479C001FC0C23">Lüter, Carsten</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="DBB06ECB0780FC3B8A2DCF3975B76EDC">Zezina, Olga N.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="DA986B3DF146A985BFF0B9C15C0B112D">H, Jeffrey</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="172D18604DB3996FA4B7F22F74B662C8">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="69CE6DC8BAD1B168005F720527D49961">2008</mods:date>
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<treatment id="03E6FB077421C77EFF6EFEDBF755FD0F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6232530" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119374521" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6232530" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E6FB077421C77EFF6EFEDBF755FD0F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E6FB077421C77EFF6EFEDBF755FD0F" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="143" pageId="3" pageNumber="139">
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<subSubSection id="C355199A7421C77AFF6EFEDBF41DFE32" pageId="3" pageNumber="139" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BF04A117421C77AFF6EFEDBF78FFEFC" blockId="3.[151,765,226,426]" box="[151,679,330,356]" pageId="3" pageNumber="139">
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<heading id="D0B8FD7D7421C77AFF6EFEDBF78FFEFC" bold="true" box="[151,679,330,356]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="139" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B93B96037421C77AFF6EFEDBF78FFEFC" bold="true" box="[151,679,330,356]" pageId="3" pageNumber="139">
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Subfamily
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<taxonomicName id="4C4F31927421C77AFEE6FEDBF4EBFEFC" ID-CoL="8FZJJ" box="[287,451,330,356]" class="Rhynchonellata" family="Chlidonophoridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebratulida" pageId="3" pageNumber="139" phylum="Brachiopoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Eucalathinae">Eucalathinae</taxonomicName>
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MuirWood, 1965
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BF04A117421C77AFF6EFEFCF41DFE32" blockId="3.[151,765,226,426]" pageId="3" pageNumber="139">
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<emphasis id="B93B96037421C77AFF6EFEFCF7F8FE1F" bold="true" box="[151,720,365,391]" pageId="3" pageNumber="139">
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<taxonomicName id="4C4F31927421C77AFF6EFEFCF76AFE1F" authority="Lee, Luter & Zezina" authorityName="Lee, Luter & Zezina" box="[151,578,365,391]" class="Rhynchonellata" family="Chlidonophoridae" genus="Melvicalathis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebratulida" pageId="3" pageNumber="139" phylum="Brachiopoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B93B96037421C77AFF6EFEFCF412FE1F" bold="true" box="[151,314,365,391]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="139">Melvicalathis</emphasis>
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Lee, Lüter & Zezina
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</taxonomicName>
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, new genus
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</emphasis>
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(
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<figureCitation id="137456947421C77AFF66FE01F405FE32" box="[159,301,400,426]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 2" captionStart-1="FIGURE 3" captionStart-2="FIGURE 4" captionStart-3="FIGURE 5. A – B" captionStart-4="FIGURE 6" captionStartId-0="4.[151,255,1827,1851]" captionStartId-1="5.[151,255,1755,1779]" captionStartId-2="6.[151,255,1559,1583]" captionStartId-3="8.[151,255,1810,1834]" captionStartId-4="9.[151,255,1677,1701]" captionTargetBox-1="[292,1294,417,1755]" captionTargetBox-2="[295,1300,161,1523]" captionTargetBox-3="[332,1262,163,1661]" captionTargetBox-4="[392,1203,315,1676]" captionTargetId-1="figure@5.[283,1304,398,1755]" captionTargetId-2="figure@6.[238,1349,150,1555]" captionTargetId-3="figure@8.[260,1328,142,1686]" captionTargetId-4="figure@9.[321,1289,308,1679]" captionTargetPageId-1="5" captionTargetPageId-2="6" captionTargetPageId-3="8" captionTargetPageId-4="9" captionText-0="FIGURE 2. Melvicalathis macroctena (Zezina, 1981) from the Southeast Indian Ridge. A – B. Dorsal and ventral views of exterior of AU B 320. Note that the detached valves were rejoined for photography and are slightly offset. C. Interior of dorsal valve, AU B 321 showing dried pedicle and lophophore, sockets, and scalloped marginal rim. D. Interior of ventral valve, AU B 321 showing small teeth, pedicle collar and foramen. E. Closeup of B 320 to show small cardinal process, sockets, socket ridges, small crural processes, short median septum and broken, incomplete loop." captionText-1="FIGURE 3. Melvicalathis macroctena (Zezina, 1981) from the Southeast Indian Ridge. A. Interior of AU B 320 showing small cardinal process, internal view of costae, and correspondence between costae and scalloped margin. B. Lateral view of AU B 320 showing slightly biconvex valves and strongly attrite beak. C. Posterior view of AU B 320 to show hypothyrid foramen and costae. D. Closeup of C, showing pedicle collar, teeth and punctae. E. Closeup of ventral valve of AU B 321 showing pedicle collar, teeth, and very narrow deltidial plates. F. Closeup of dorsal valve of AU B 321 showing retracted dried pedicle, sockets and socket ridges, proximal end of crura, and part of dried lophophore. G. Lateral view of AU B 321 to show rounded, ventrallydirected crural processes and dried lophophore." captionText-2="FIGURE 4. Melvicalathis macroctena (Zezina, 1981) from the Galapagos Spreading Centre. A. Interior of dorsal valve of ZMB Bra 2014 showing descending branches of crura with incomplete transverse band, and internal ridges corresponding to external costal troughs. B. Closeup of previous photograph to show details of descending branches and incomplete loop. C. Spicular skeleton after dissolution of soft tissue. D. Closeup of triangular costae showing numerous closely spaced growth lines. E. Closeup of a valve of Eucalathis to show typical beaded tuberculate costae for comparison with D." captionText-3="FIGURE 5. A – B. Line drawings of Melvicalathis macroctena (Zezina, 1981) from the type locality, south east Pacific. A. View of lophophore from the ventral side. B. View of lophophore from the dorsal side. C. Schematic illustration of the cryptic habit of Melvicalathis macroctena around the walls of small tabular voids immediately beneath basalt flow surfaces. The tubes with the brachiopods were found in larger boulders of fresh, glassy basalt at RV Melville Stn # 116, Southeast Indian Ridge. D. Sketch of attachment of Melvicalathis on hard substrate and probable current system around lophophore. Key. 1, place where the lophophore was removed from the mantle and the dorsal body wall—internal details are seen through the transparent ventral wall of the lophophore; 2, mouth; 3, lip; 4, transparent (soft) dorsal wall of the" captionText-4="FIGURE 6. Melvicalathis macroctena (Zezina, 1981) from the Southeast Indian Ridge A. Closeup of AU B 320 to show detail of angular costae, triangular in cross section, numerous closely spaced growth lines, and small, evenly spaced punctae. B. Closeup of costae showing quincunx arrangement of punctae. C. Interior of valve margin to show shell fibres, punctae and slightly tuberculate margin." httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/274463/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/274464/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/274465/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/274466/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="139">Figures 2–6</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C355199A7421C77AFF6EFE71F6E0FDBA" pageId="3" pageNumber="139" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BF04A117421C77AFF6EFE71F6E0FDBA" blockId="3.[151,1439,480,2026]" pageId="3" pageNumber="139">
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<emphasis id="B93B96037421C77AFF6EFE71F43DFE61" box="[151,277,480,505]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="139">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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Costae broad, triangular in crosssection; foramen hypothyrid, beak very attrite; transverse band of loop medially directed towards dorsal valve; loop may be incomplete.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C355199A7421C77AFF3FFDA1F79FFD02" pageId="3" pageNumber="139" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="8BF04A117421C77AFF3FFDA1F79FFD02" blockId="3.[151,1439,480,2026]" pageId="3" pageNumber="139">
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<emphasis id="B93B96037421C77AFF3FFDA1F462FDD1" box="[198,330,560,585]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="139">Etymology.</emphasis>
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The generic name is based on the name of the
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<emphasis id="B93B96037421C77AFC8CFDA1F128FDD1" box="[885,1024,560,585]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="139">RV Melville</emphasis>
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which collected most of the specimens on which this investigation is based, and "
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<emphasis id="B93B96037421C77AFD3EFDC9F60CFDE9" box="[711,804,600,625]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="139">calathis</emphasis>
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", a suffix indicating close relationship with other brachiopod genera in the subfamily
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<taxonomicName id="4C4F31927421C77AFDE1FD11F79BFD02" box="[536,691,640,666]" class="Rhynchonellata" family="Chlidonophoridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebratulida" pageId="3" pageNumber="139" phylum="Brachiopoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Eucalathinae">Eucalathinae</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C355199A7421C77AFF3FFD39F1D1FA22" pageId="3" pageNumber="139" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BF04A117421C77AFF3FFD39F63EFD5A" blockId="3.[151,1439,480,2026]" box="[198,790,680,706]" pageId="3" pageNumber="139">
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<emphasis id="B93B96037421C77AFF3FFD39F449FD59" box="[198,353,680,705]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="139">
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<typeStatus id="54F4F4B37421C77AFF3FFD39F5D5FD59" box="[198,253,680,705]" pageId="3" pageNumber="139">Type</typeStatus>
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species.
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</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C4F31927421C77AFE91FD39F63EFD5A" authority="Zezina, 1981" authorityName="Zezina" authorityYear="1981" box="[360,790,680,706]" class="Rhynchonellata" family="Chlidonophoridae" genus="Eucalathis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebratulida" pageId="3" pageNumber="139" phylum="Brachiopoda" rank="species" species="macroctena">
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<emphasis id="B93B96037421C77AFE91FD39F75DFD59" box="[360,629,680,705]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="139">Eucalathis macroctena</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFDE37E07421C77AFD84FD39F63EFD5A" author="Zezina" box="[637,790,680,706]" pageId="3" pageNumber="150" refString="Zezina, O. N. (1981) New and rare cancellothyroid brachiopods in the bathyal and abyssal ocean, p. 55 - 164. In: Deepwater benthonic fauna of the Pacific Ocean. Trudy Instituta Okeanologii, Akademia Nauk SSSR (in Russian)." type="book chapter" year="1981">Zezina, 1981</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BF04A117421C77AFF3FFD41F14EFC8A" blockId="3.[151,1439,480,2026]" pageId="3" pageNumber="139">
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<emphasis id="B93B96037421C77AFF3FFD41F74CFD71" box="[198,612,720,745]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="139">
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<typeStatus id="54F4F4B37421C77AFF3FFD41F5D5FD71" box="[198,253,720,745]" pageId="3" pageNumber="139">Type</typeStatus>
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locality. Academik Kurchatov
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</emphasis>
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Station #261, southeast Pacific Ocean (
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<geoCoordinate id="EE7B2CD67421C77AFBC6FD41F1B6FD72" box="[1087,1182,720,746]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="139" precision="925" value="-30.4">30°24'S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE7B2CD67421C77AFB55FD41F03CFD72" box="[1196,1300,720,746]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="139" precision="925" value="-78.98333">78°59'W</geoCoordinate>
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) at a depth of
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<quantity id="4CB7E7F47421C77AFF4FFD69F439FC8A" box="[182,273,760,786]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.87" pageId="3" pageNumber="139" unit="m" value="3870.0">3870 m</quantity>
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, collected by Sigsby Trawl,
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<date id="FFF16CD17421C77AFDA7FD69F63DFC8A" box="[606,789,760,786]" pageId="3" pageNumber="139" value="1968-10-07">7 October 1968</date>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFDE37E07421C77AFCD2FD69F171FC8A" author="Zezina" box="[811,1113,760,786]" pageId="3" pageNumber="150" refString="Zezina, O. N. (1981) New and rare cancellothyroid brachiopods in the bathyal and abyssal ocean, p. 55 - 164. In: Deepwater benthonic fauna of the Pacific Ocean. Trudy Instituta Okeanologii, Akademia Nauk SSSR (in Russian)." type="book chapter" year="1981">Zezina 1981: 159, fig. 20</bibRefCitation>
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||
).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BF04A117421C77AFF3FFCB1F41CFCA2" blockId="3.[151,1439,480,2026]" box="[198,308,800,826]" pageId="3" pageNumber="139">
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||
<emphasis id="B93B96037421C77AFF3FFCB1F405FCA1" box="[198,301,800,825]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="139">Material</emphasis>
|
||
.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BF04A117421C77AFF3FFCD6F0AEFCFA" blockId="3.[151,1439,480,2026]" box="[198,1414,839,866]" pageId="3" pageNumber="139">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93B96037421C77AFF3FFCD6F468FCF9" bold="true" box="[198,320,839,865]" pageId="3" pageNumber="139">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F4F4B37421C77AFF3FFCD6F413FCF9" box="[198,315,839,865]" pageId="3" pageNumber="139" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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||
.
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</emphasis>
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Accession number
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<date id="FFF16CD17421C77AFDDEFCD9F7AFFCFA" box="[551,647,840,866]" pageId="3" pageNumber="139" value="1952-11-04">XI524</date>
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/2, living specimen (adult female, length
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<quantity id="4CB7E7F47421C77AFB9EFCD9F1ECFCFA" box="[1127,1220,840,866]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.7" pageId="3" pageNumber="139" unit="mm" value="3.7">3.7 mm</quantity>
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||
; width
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<quantity id="4CB7E7F47421C77AFAE3FCD9F051FCFA" box="[1306,1401,840,866]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.8" pageId="3" pageNumber="139" unit="mm" value="3.8">3.8 mm</quantity>
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||
).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BF04A117421C77AFF3FFCFEF78AFB9A" blockId="3.[151,1439,480,2026]" pageId="3" pageNumber="139">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93B96037421C77AFF3FFCFEF463FC11" bold="true" box="[198,331,879,905]" pageId="3" pageNumber="139">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F4F4B37421C77AFF3FFCFEF46EFC11" box="[198,326,879,905]" pageId="3" pageNumber="139" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
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<typeStatus id="54F4F4B37421C77AFEABFCE1F491FC12" box="[338,441,880,906]" pageId="3" pageNumber="139" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
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1, accession number
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<date id="FFF16CD17421C77AFD4AFCE1F63FFC12" box="[691,791,880,906]" pageId="3" pageNumber="139" value="1952-11-04">XI524</date>
|
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/1, collected with the
|
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<typeStatus id="54F4F4B37421C77AFBF2FCE1F15CFC12" box="[1035,1140,880,906]" pageId="3" pageNumber="139" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
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, and broken during preparation.
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F4F4B37421C77AFF01FC09F476FC2A" box="[248,350,920,946]" pageId="3" pageNumber="139" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
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2, accession number
|
||
<date id="FFF16CD17421C77AFD9BFC09F7EBFC2A" box="[610,707,920,946]" pageId="3" pageNumber="139" value="1952-11-04">XI524</date>
|
||
/3, Station #271,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE7B2CD67421C77AFC77FC09F6C4FC2A" box="[910,1004,920,946]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="139" precision="925" value="-17.7">17°42'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE7B2CD67421C77AFC03FC09F17BFC2A" box="[1018,1107,920,946]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="139" precision="925" value="-78.15">78°9'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4CB7E7F47421C77AFB99FC09F196FC2A" box="[1120,1214,920,946]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.71" pageId="3" pageNumber="139" unit="m" value="2710.0">2710 m</quantity>
|
||
, attached to basalt rock,
|
||
<date id="FFF16CD17421C77AFF23FC51F48DFC42" box="[218,421,960,986]" pageId="3" pageNumber="139" value="1968-10-20">20 October 1968</date>
|
||
. The
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F4F4B37421C77AFE1EFC51F766FC42" box="[487,590,960,986]" pageId="3" pageNumber="139" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
and 2
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F4F4B37421C77AFD66FC51F627FC42" box="[671,783,960,986]" pageId="3" pageNumber="139" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
are held in P.P. Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3580A817421C77AFDB5FC79F7B6FB9A" box="[588,670,1000,1026]" name="Russia" pageId="3" pageNumber="139">Russia</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF04A117421C77AFF3FFB81F0B8FB3A" blockId="3.[151,1439,480,2026]" pageId="3" pageNumber="139">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93B96037421C77AFF3FFB81F4DFFBB1" box="[198,503,1040,1065]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="139">Other material examined.</emphasis>
|
||
Six specimens collected by
|
||
<emphasis id="B93B96037421C77AFCB5FB81F6F1FBB1" box="[844,985,1040,1065]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="139">RV Melville</emphasis>
|
||
Station #116, Southeast Indian Ridge (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE7B2CD67421C77AFF59FBA9F401FBCA" box="[160,297,1080,1106]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="139" precision="92" value="-48.878334">48° 52.7' S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE7B2CD67421C77AFEC0FBA9F4F8FBCA" box="[313,464,1080,1106]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="139" precision="92" value="106.511665">106° 30.7 'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
–
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE7B2CD67421C77AFE19FBA9F777FBCA" box="[480,607,1080,1106]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="139" precision="92" value="-48.873333">48° 52.4'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 106° 29.6' 'E),
|
||
<date id="FFF16CD17421C77AFCDFFBA9F691FBCA" box="[806,953,1080,1106]" pageId="3" pageNumber="139" value="1925-02">25 February</date>
|
||
, 1995; one specimen collected from
|
||
<emphasis id="B93B96037421C77AFA80FBA9F5DFFBE1" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="139">RV Melville</emphasis>
|
||
Station #138, Southeast Indian Ridge (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE7B2CD67421C77AFD35FBF1F67AFBE2" box="[716,850,1120,1146]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="139" precision="92" value="-50.195">50° 11.7' S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE7B2CD67421C77AFC99FBF1F6C2FBE2" box="[864,1002,1120,1146]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="139" precision="92" value="112.86833">112° 52.1'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
–
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE7B2CD67421C77AFC03FBF1F156FBE2" box="[1018,1150,1120,1146]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="139" precision="92" value="-50.18667">50° 11.2' S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE7B2CD67421C77AFB75FBF1F032FBE2" box="[1164,1306,1120,1146]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="139" precision="92" value="112.871666">112° 52.3'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
),
|
||
<date id="FFF16CD17421C77AFAC9FBF1F0B0FBE2" box="[1328,1432,1120,1146]" pageId="3" pageNumber="139">4 March</date>
|
||
, 1995. These specimens are held in the reference collection, Department of Geology, University of Auckland.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF04A117421C77AFF3FFB21F5EFFADA" blockId="3.[151,1439,480,2026]" pageId="3" pageNumber="139">
|
||
One specimen collected live from
|
||
<emphasis id="B93B96037421C77AFD73FB21F7C8FB51" box="[650,736,1200,1225]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="139">Eltanin</emphasis>
|
||
cruise 24, USC1775,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE7B2CD67421C77AFBF3FB21F1A8FB52" box="[1034,1152,1200,1226]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="139" precision="925" value="-42.016666">42° 01"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE7B2CD67421C77AFB6FFB21F000FB52" box="[1174,1320,1200,1226]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="139" precision="925" value="-130.03334">130° 02"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
–
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE7B2CD67421C77AFAC1FB21F0BFFB52" box="[1336,1431,1200,1226]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="139" precision="925" value="-41.95">41°57"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE7B2CD67421C77AFF6EFB49F43BFB6A" box="[151,275,1240,1266]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="139" precision="925" value="-130.28334">130°17"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, southeast Pacific Ocean, at depths of
|
||
<quantity id="4CB7E7F47421C77AFD0DFB49F6B4FB6A" box="[756,924,1240,1266]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.841" metricValueMax="4.851" metricValueMin="4.831" pageId="3" pageNumber="139" unit="m" value="4841.0" valueMax="4851.0" valueMin="4831.0">4831–4851 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFF16CD17421C77AFC54FB49F105FB6A" box="[941,1069,1240,1266]" pageId="3" pageNumber="139" value="1914-08">14 August</date>
|
||
, 1966, collected by 10' Blake Trawl (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE37E07421C77AFF14FA91F738FA82" author="Foster" box="[237,528,1280,1306]" pageId="3" pageNumber="149" refString="Foster, M. W. (1989) Brachiopods from the extreme South Pacific and adjacent waters. Journal of Paleontology, 63, 268 - 301." type="journal article" year="1989">Foster 1989; figs 12, 13</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). This specimen is held in the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3580A817421C77AFC7BFA91F108FA82" box="[898,1056,1280,1306]" name="United States of America" pageId="3" pageNumber="139">United States</collectingCountry>
|
||
National Museum, Washington DC.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF04A117421C77AFF3FFAC1F1D1FA22" blockId="3.[151,1439,480,2026]" pageId="3" pageNumber="139">
|
||
Two specimens collected live from
|
||
<emphasis id="B93B96037421C77AFD85FAC1F7ECFAF1" box="[636,708,1360,1385]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="139">Sonne</emphasis>
|
||
SO 1443 cruise, Galapagos Spreading Centre, east Pacific (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE7B2CD67421C77AFF59FAE9F43DFA0A" box="[160,277,1400,1426]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="139" precision="9" value="-2.3323333">2°19.94'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 84°
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE7B2CD67421C77AFEB5FAE9F498FA0A" box="[332,432,1400,1426]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="139" precision="555" value="-25.65">25.65W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
–
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE7B2CD67421C77AFE39FAE9F705FA0A" box="[448,557,1400,1426]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="139" precision="9" value="-2.255">2°15.30'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
84°
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE7B2CD67421C77AFDA6FAE9F7EBFA0A" box="[607,707,1400,1426]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="139" precision="555" value="-26.18">26.18W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
), at depths of
|
||
<quantity id="4CB7E7F47421C77AFC8FFAE9F137FA0A" box="[886,1055,1400,1426]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.195" metricValueMax="2.381" metricValueMin="2.009" pageId="3" pageNumber="139" unit="m" value="2195.0" valueMax="2381.0" valueMin="2009.0">2009–2381 m</quantity>
|
||
, on
|
||
<date id="FFF16CD17421C77AFBAFFAE9F1D5FA0A" box="[1110,1277,1400,1426]" pageId="3" pageNumber="139" value="1917-11">17 November</date>
|
||
, 1999. These specimens are held in the Museum für Naturkunde der HumboldtUniversität, Berlin,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3580A817421C77AFB7FFA31F1DDFA22" box="[1158,1269,1440,1466]" name="Germany" pageId="3" pageNumber="139">Germany</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C355199A7421C77EFF3FFA59F4E3FEB7" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="143" pageId="3" pageNumber="139" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF04A117421C77CFF3FFA59F465FED2" blockId="3.[151,1439,480,2026]" lastBlockId="5.[151,1437,152,330]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="141" pageId="3" pageNumber="139">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93B96037421C77AFF3FFA59F470FA79" box="[198,344,1480,1505]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="139">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="137456947421C77AFE90FA59F4F1FA7A" box="[361,473,1480,1506]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 2" captionStart-1="FIGURE 3" captionStart-2="FIGURE 4" captionStart-3="FIGURE 5. A – B" captionStart-4="FIGURE 6" captionStartId-0="4.[151,255,1827,1851]" captionStartId-1="5.[151,255,1755,1779]" captionStartId-2="6.[151,255,1559,1583]" captionStartId-3="8.[151,255,1810,1834]" captionStartId-4="9.[151,255,1677,1701]" captionTargetBox-1="[292,1294,417,1755]" captionTargetBox-2="[295,1300,161,1523]" captionTargetBox-3="[332,1262,163,1661]" captionTargetBox-4="[392,1203,315,1676]" captionTargetId-1="figure@5.[283,1304,398,1755]" captionTargetId-2="figure@6.[238,1349,150,1555]" captionTargetId-3="figure@8.[260,1328,142,1686]" captionTargetId-4="figure@9.[321,1289,308,1679]" captionTargetPageId-1="5" captionTargetPageId-2="6" captionTargetPageId-3="8" captionTargetPageId-4="9" captionText-0="FIGURE 2. Melvicalathis macroctena (Zezina, 1981) from the Southeast Indian Ridge. A – B. Dorsal and ventral views of exterior of AU B 320. Note that the detached valves were rejoined for photography and are slightly offset. C. Interior of dorsal valve, AU B 321 showing dried pedicle and lophophore, sockets, and scalloped marginal rim. D. Interior of ventral valve, AU B 321 showing small teeth, pedicle collar and foramen. E. Closeup of B 320 to show small cardinal process, sockets, socket ridges, small crural processes, short median septum and broken, incomplete loop." captionText-1="FIGURE 3. Melvicalathis macroctena (Zezina, 1981) from the Southeast Indian Ridge. A. Interior of AU B 320 showing small cardinal process, internal view of costae, and correspondence between costae and scalloped margin. B. Lateral view of AU B 320 showing slightly biconvex valves and strongly attrite beak. C. Posterior view of AU B 320 to show hypothyrid foramen and costae. D. Closeup of C, showing pedicle collar, teeth and punctae. E. Closeup of ventral valve of AU B 321 showing pedicle collar, teeth, and very narrow deltidial plates. F. Closeup of dorsal valve of AU B 321 showing retracted dried pedicle, sockets and socket ridges, proximal end of crura, and part of dried lophophore. G. Lateral view of AU B 321 to show rounded, ventrallydirected crural processes and dried lophophore." captionText-2="FIGURE 4. Melvicalathis macroctena (Zezina, 1981) from the Galapagos Spreading Centre. A. Interior of dorsal valve of ZMB Bra 2014 showing descending branches of crura with incomplete transverse band, and internal ridges corresponding to external costal troughs. B. Closeup of previous photograph to show details of descending branches and incomplete loop. C. Spicular skeleton after dissolution of soft tissue. D. Closeup of triangular costae showing numerous closely spaced growth lines. E. Closeup of a valve of Eucalathis to show typical beaded tuberculate costae for comparison with D." captionText-3="FIGURE 5. A – B. Line drawings of Melvicalathis macroctena (Zezina, 1981) from the type locality, south east Pacific. A. View of lophophore from the ventral side. B. View of lophophore from the dorsal side. C. Schematic illustration of the cryptic habit of Melvicalathis macroctena around the walls of small tabular voids immediately beneath basalt flow surfaces. The tubes with the brachiopods were found in larger boulders of fresh, glassy basalt at RV Melville Stn # 116, Southeast Indian Ridge. D. Sketch of attachment of Melvicalathis on hard substrate and probable current system around lophophore. Key. 1, place where the lophophore was removed from the mantle and the dorsal body wall—internal details are seen through the transparent ventral wall of the lophophore; 2, mouth; 3, lip; 4, transparent (soft) dorsal wall of the" captionText-4="FIGURE 6. Melvicalathis macroctena (Zezina, 1981) from the Southeast Indian Ridge A. Closeup of AU B 320 to show detail of angular costae, triangular in cross section, numerous closely spaced growth lines, and small, evenly spaced punctae. B. Closeup of costae showing quincunx arrangement of punctae. C. Interior of valve margin to show shell fibres, punctae and slightly tuberculate margin." httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/274463/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/274464/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/274465/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/274466/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="139">Figs. 2–6</figureCitation>
|
||
) Very small (maximum length
|
||
<quantity id="4CB7E7F47421C77AFCB4FA59F684FA7A" box="[845,940,1480,1506]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.9" pageId="3" pageNumber="139" unit="mm" value="4.9">4.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
), punctate, subtrigonal in outline, greatest width anterior to midvalve, gently biconvex, anterior commissure rectimarginate, ornament of broad costae, triangular in crosssection, 7–9 costae on each valve, ridges of costae smooth without tubercles (
|
||
<figureCitation id="137456947421C77AFB07F989F067F9AA" box="[1278,1359,1560,1586]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,255,1827,1851]" captionText="FIGURE 2. Melvicalathis macroctena (Zezina, 1981) from the Southeast Indian Ridge. A – B. Dorsal and ventral views of exterior of AU B 320. Note that the detached valves were rejoined for photography and are slightly offset. C. Interior of dorsal valve, AU B 321 showing dried pedicle and lophophore, sockets, and scalloped marginal rim. D. Interior of ventral valve, AU B 321 showing small teeth, pedicle collar and foramen. E. Closeup of B 320 to show small cardinal process, sockets, socket ridges, small crural processes, short median septum and broken, incomplete loop." pageId="3" pageNumber="139">Figs. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
A, 2B; 3B; 6A, 6B). Interior rim of shell anterior slightly scalloped from interlocking costae and slightly tuberculate margin (fig. 2C, 2D). Hinge line narrow, foramen moderately large, hypothyrid, beak very attrite, pedicle collar present, teeth small, triangular; deltidial plates very small, narrow, triangular, disjunct (figs. 2D, 3C–3E). Cardinal process very small; short, low median septum extending ca. 0.25 dorsal valve length; triangular socket ridges narrow, high; crural processes short. Brachidial loop complete or incomplete, descending branches connected by transverse band in
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F4F4B37421C77AFD78F899F7CFF8BA" box="[641,743,1800,1826]" pageId="3" pageNumber="139" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
and
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F4F4B37421C77AFCE6F899F6ACF8BA" box="[799,900,1800,1826]" pageId="3" pageNumber="139" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
from “Academik Kurchatov” station 261, but not in other specimens; where the transverse band is incomplete, descending branches may have distally serrated edges; unjoined descending branches may represent younger growth stages (figs. 2E; 3A; 4A, 4B). Lophophore tightly coiled, early plectolophous, with large lateral lobes, and a small, possibly underdeveloped central lobe; filaments very long (figs. 2C; 3F, 3G; 5A); highly spiculate, spicules in connective tissue of both lophophore arms; spicules tightly interwoven, forming a dense 3dimensional structure (figs. 4C, 5B); pedicle short, branched or brushlike, posteriorly directed, attaching specimens closely and perpendicularly to rock substrates (figs. 2C; 5C, 5D). The
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F4F4B37427C77CFDD0FF2CF7BAFF4F" box="[553,658,189,215]" pageId="5" pageNumber="141" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
, an adult female, held 8–
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D4981987427C77CFC41FF2CF6FDFF4F" box="[952,981,189,215]" pageId="5" pageNumber="141" type="egg">10</specimenCount>
|
||
eggs in each of 4 gonads (
|
||
<quantity id="4CB7E7F47427C77CFAF5FF2CF012FF4F" box="[1292,1338,189,215]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.08" pageId="5" pageNumber="141" unit="in" value="2.0">2 in</quantity>
|
||
the dorsal, and
|
||
<quantity id="4CB7E7F47427C77CFF01FF73F40DFF64" box="[248,293,226,252]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.08" pageId="5" pageNumber="141" unit="in" value="2.0">2 in</quantity>
|
||
the ventral valve); the eggs were at different stages (from underdeveloped to ripe); about
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D4981987427C77CFABBFF73F0B4FF64" box="[1346,1436,226,252]" pageId="5" pageNumber="141" type="egg">30 eggs</specimenCount>
|
||
were ready for spawning on
|
||
<date id="FFF16CD17427C77CFE01FE9BF7E8FEBC" box="[504,704,266,292]" pageId="5" pageNumber="141" value="1968-10-07">7 October 1968</date>
|
||
. The shell microstructure consists of very flattened lamellar fibres (fig. 6C).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF301A997426C77DFF6EF8B2F1F4F85D" pageId="4" pageNumber="140">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF04A117426C77DFF6EF8B2F1F4F85D" blockId="4.[151,1436,1827,1989]" pageId="4" pageNumber="140">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93B96037426C77DFF6EF8B2F432F8A3" bold="true" box="[151,282,1827,1851]" pageId="4" pageNumber="140">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F31927426C77DFED8F8B2F7F4F8A2" authority="Zezina, 1981" authorityName="Zezina" authorityYear="1981" box="[289,732,1827,1850]" class="Rhynchonellata" family="Chlidonophoridae" genus="Melvicalathis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebratulida" pageId="4" pageNumber="140" phylum="Brachiopoda" rank="species" species="macroctena">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93B96037426C77DFED8F8B2F71FF8A2" box="[289,567,1827,1850]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="140">Melvicalathis macroctena</emphasis>
|
||
(Zezina, 1981)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the Southeast Indian Ridge. A–B. Dorsal and ventral views of exterior of AU B320. Note that the detached valves were rejoined for photography and are slightly offset. C. Interior of dorsal valve, AU B321 showing dried pedicle and lophophore, sockets, and scalloped marginal rim. D. Interior of ventral valve, AU B321 showing small teeth, pedicle collar and foramen. E. Closeup of B320 to show small cardinal process, sockets, socket ridges, small crural processes, short median septum and broken, incomplete loop.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF301A997427C77CFF6EF94AF183F85B" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/274463/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="141" targetBox="[292,1294,417,1755]" targetPageId="5">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF04A117427C77CFF6EF94AF183F85B" blockId="5.[151,1436,1755,1987]" pageId="5" pageNumber="141">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93B96037427C77CFF6EF94AF430F96B" bold="true" box="[151,280,1755,1779]" pageId="5" pageNumber="141">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F31927427C77CFEE6F94DF7FEF96B" authority="Zezina, 1981" authorityName="Zezina" authorityYear="1981" box="[287,726,1756,1779]" class="Rhynchonellata" family="Chlidonophoridae" genus="Melvicalathis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebratulida" pageId="5" pageNumber="141" phylum="Brachiopoda" rank="species" species="macroctena">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93B96037427C77CFEE6F94DF71BF96B" box="[287,563,1756,1779]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="141">Melvicalathis macroctena</emphasis>
|
||
(Zezina, 1981)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the Southeast Indian Ridge. A. Interior of AU B320 showing small cardinal process, internal view of costae, and correspondence between costae and scalloped margin. B. Lateral view of AU B320 showing slightly biconvex valves and strongly attrite beak. C. Posterior view of AU B320 to show hypothyrid foramen and costae. D. Closeup of C, showing pedicle collar, teeth and punctae. E. Closeup of ventral valve of AU B321 showing pedicle collar, teeth, and very narrow deltidial plates. F. Closeup of dorsal valve of AU B321 showing retracted dried pedicle, sockets and socket ridges, proximal end of crura, and part of dried lophophore. G. Lateral view of AU B321 to show rounded, ventrallydirected crural processes and dried lophophore.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF301A997424C77FFF6EF986F43BF944" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/274464/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="142" targetBox="[295,1300,161,1523]" targetPageId="6">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF04A117424C77FFF6EF986F43BF944" blockId="6.[151,1437,1559,1756]" pageId="6" pageNumber="142">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93B96037424C77FFF6EF986F431F9B7" bold="true" box="[151,281,1559,1583]" pageId="6" pageNumber="142">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F31927424C77FFED8F989F7F3F9B7" authority="Zezina, 1981" authorityName="Zezina" authorityYear="1981" box="[289,731,1560,1583]" class="Rhynchonellata" family="Chlidonophoridae" genus="Melvicalathis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebratulida" pageId="6" pageNumber="142" phylum="Brachiopoda" rank="species" species="macroctena">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93B96037424C77FFED8F989F71EF9B7" box="[289,566,1560,1583]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="142">Melvicalathis macroctena</emphasis>
|
||
(Zezina, 1981)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the Galapagos Spreading Centre. A. Interior of dorsal valve of ZMB Bra 2014 showing descending branches of crura with incomplete transverse band, and internal ridges corresponding to external costal troughs. B. Closeup of previous photograph to show details of descending branches and incomplete loop. C. Spicular skeleton after dissolution of soft tissue. D. Closeup of triangular costae showing numerous closely spaced growth lines. E. Closeup of a valve of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F31927424C77FFD22F932F665F922" box="[731,845,1699,1722]" class="Rhynchonellata" family="Chlidonophoridae" genus="Eucalathis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebratulida" pageId="6" pageNumber="142" phylum="Brachiopoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93B96037424C77FFD22F932F665F922" box="[731,845,1699,1722]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="142">Eucalathis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to show typical beaded tuberculate costae for comparison with D.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF04A117424C77EFF3FF89AF4E3FEB7" blockId="6.[151,1437,1802,2028]" lastBlockId="7.[151,1437,152,663]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="143" pageId="6" pageNumber="142">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93B96037424C77FFF3FF89AF455F8BC" box="[198,381,1803,1828]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="142">Shell structure.</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE37E07424C77FFE7EF89BF758F8BC" author="Zezina" box="[391,624,1802,1828]" pageId="6" pageNumber="150" refString="Zezina O. (2003) On the ecological, morphological, and evolutionary features of brachiopods living in marginal and extreme environments. Paleontological Journal, 37, 263 - 269." type="journal article" year="2003">Zezina (2003: 267)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
noted that in the shell microstructure of deepsea brachiopods the fibres are composed of very flattened (lamellar) fibres, whereas the fibres in related shallowwater species “have rounded or rhomboidal sections”. She attributed this to “a saving in building material in deepwater forms subject to high calcium carbonate solubility at depths below
|
||
<quantity id="4CB7E7F47424C77FFC2CF813F11FF804" box="[981,1079,1922,1948]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="142" unit="m" value="2000.0">2000 m</quantity>
|
||
”. The fibres in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F31927424C77FFB05F812F0B4F804" box="[1276,1436,1923,1948]" class="Rhynchonellata" family="Chlidonophoridae" genus="Melvicalathis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebratulida" pageId="6" pageNumber="142" phylum="Brachiopoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93B96037424C77FFB05F812F0B4F804" box="[1276,1436,1923,1948]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="142">Melvicalathis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
exhibit the lamellar structure described by Zezina. We speculate that there may be some advantage to the brachiopods from living on plagioclaserich glassy basalts. Dissolution of the unstable glass may leach small quantities of Ca and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3580A817425C77EFE75FF09F489FF2A" box="[396,417,152,178]" name="Iceland" pageId="7" pageNumber="143">O</collectingCountry>
|
||
which may partly compensate for the difficulties involved in producing a calcite shell at great depths. Note that the
|
||
<emphasis id="B93B96037425C77EFDF8FF52F749FF44" box="[513,609,195,220]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="143">Melville</emphasis>
|
||
brachiopods live at depths between
|
||
<quantity id="4CB7E7F47425C77EFBE5FF53F1EAFF44" box="[1052,1218,194,220]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.36" metricValueMax="4.9" metricValueMin="3.82" pageId="7" pageNumber="143" unit="m" value="4360.0" valueMax="4900.0" valueMin="3820.0">3820–4900 m</quantity>
|
||
at 48–50o S in the Indian Ocean where the carbonate compensation critical depth is at about
|
||
<quantity id="4CB7E7F47425C77EFBA1FF7CF191FE9F" box="[1112,1209,237,263]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.9" pageId="7" pageNumber="143" unit="m" value="3900.0">3900 m</quantity>
|
||
between 50–60o S (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE37E07425C77EFF66FE84F497FEB7" author="Demopoulos" box="[159,447,277,303]" pageId="7" pageNumber="149" refString="Demopoulos, A. W. J. Smith, C. R. & Tyler, P. A. (2003) The deep Indian Ocean floor. In: Ecosystems of the World 28. Ecosystems of the Deep Oceans. (Ed.) Tyler, P. A., Elsevier pp. 219 - 237." type="journal article" year="2003">
|
||
Demopoulos
|
||
<emphasis id="B93B96037425C77EFEC4FE87F458FEB7" box="[317,368,278,303]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="143">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2003
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C355199A7425C77EFF3FFEAFF755FD0F" pageId="7" pageNumber="143" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF04A117425C77EFF3FFEAFF755FD0F" blockId="7.[151,1437,152,663]" pageId="7" pageNumber="143">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93B96037425C77EFF3FFEAFF41DFECF" box="[198,309,318,343]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="143">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
The new genus can readily be distinguished from the other four genera in the subfamily
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F31927425C77EFAA1FEACF5DCFEE7" class="Rhynchonellata" family="Chlidonophoridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebratulida" pageId="7" pageNumber="143" phylum="Brachiopoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Eucalathinae">Eucalathinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDE37E07425C77EFEFFFEF4F4EDFEE7" author="Lee" box="[262,453,357,383]" pageId="7" pageNumber="149" refString="Lee, D. E. Smirnova, T. N. & Sun Dong-Li (2006). Superfamily Cancellothyridoidea. In: Kaesler, R. L. (Ed.) Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, Part H Brachiopoda, Revised, Volume 5. The Geological Society of America and The University of Kansas, Boulder & Lawrence, pp. 2145 - 2162." type="book" year="2006">
|
||
Lee
|
||
<emphasis id="B93B96037425C77EFEC7FEF7F45CFEE7" box="[318,372,358,383]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="143">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2006
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F31927425C77EFE25FEF7F753FEE7" box="[476,635,358,383]" class="Rhynchonellata" family="Chlidonophoridae" genus="Melvicalathis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebratulida" pageId="7" pageNumber="143" phylum="Brachiopoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93B96037425C77EFE25FEF7F753FEE7" box="[476,635,358,383]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="143">Melvicalathis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
possesses broad smooth costae that are triangular in crosssection (figs. 4D; 6A, 6B). These differ markedly from the costae of species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F31927425C77EFBFCFE1FF1AAFE3F" box="[1029,1154,398,423]" class="Rhynchonellata" family="Chlidonophoridae" genus="Eucalathis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebratulida" pageId="7" pageNumber="143" phylum="Brachiopoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93B96037425C77EFBFCFE1FF1AAFE3F" box="[1029,1154,398,423]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="143">Eucalathis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
which possess beaded, tuberculate radial ribs (fig. 4E; 5E). The cardinal margin of the shell in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F31927425C77EFBF2FE27F1A0FE57" box="[1035,1160,438,463]" class="Rhynchonellata" family="Chlidonophoridae" genus="Eucalathis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebratulida" pageId="7" pageNumber="143" phylum="Brachiopoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93B96037425C77EFBF2FE27F1A0FE57" box="[1035,1160,438,463]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="143">Eucalathis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is often extended into “ears”, thereby forming a straight line (fig. 5F). In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F31927425C77EFD16FE4FF6A7FE6F" box="[751,911,478,503]" class="Rhynchonellata" family="Chlidonophoridae" genus="Melvicalathis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebratulida" pageId="7" pageNumber="143" phylum="Brachiopoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93B96037425C77EFD16FE4FF6A7FE6F" box="[751,911,478,503]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="143">Melvicalathis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
the hinge line is narrow, and slightly curved due to the lack of “ears” (fig. 2D). From
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F31927425C77EFD74FD97F63FFD87" box="[653,791,518,543]" class="Rhynchonellata" family="Chlidonophoridae" genus="Bathynanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebratulida" pageId="7" pageNumber="143" phylum="Brachiopoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93B96037425C77EFD74FD97F63FFD87" box="[653,791,518,543]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="143">Bathynanus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F31927425C77EFCD1FD97F6EFFD87" box="[808,967,518,543]" class="Rhynchonellata" family="Chlidonophoridae" genus="Melvicalathis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebratulida" pageId="7" pageNumber="143" phylum="Brachiopoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93B96037425C77EFCD1FD97F6EFFD87" box="[808,967,518,543]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="143">Melvicalathis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs in outline, larger size, shape of crura, and welldefined ribs that are triangular in cross section.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F31927425C77EFC7BFDBFF137FDDF" box="[898,1055,558,583]" class="Rhynchonellata" family="Chlidonophoridae" genus="Nanacalathis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebratulida" pageId="7" pageNumber="143" phylum="Brachiopoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93B96037425C77EFC7BFDBFF137FDDF" box="[898,1055,558,583]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="143">Nanacalathis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs in its subpentagonal outline, conjunct deltidial plates, and beaded costae, while
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4F31927425C77EFCDBFDC7F6B9FDF7" box="[802,913,598,623]" class="Rhynchonellata" family="Chlidonophoridae" genus="Notozyga" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebratulida" pageId="7" pageNumber="143" phylum="Brachiopoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93B96037425C77EFCDBFDC7F6B9FDF7" box="[802,913,598,623]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="143">Notozyga</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has the typical beaded costae of the subfamily, and thick wide crural bases and crura.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |