plazi/treatments-xml
2
0
Fork 0
Code Issues Pull requests Releases Activity
treatments-xml/data/FF/69/87/FF6987EEFFB9FFC2FF54440A7E18FF44.xml
maintenance c43e3c1282 added FF
2024-06-21 12:59:29 +02:00

593 lines
76 KiB
XML
Raw Blame History

This file contains ambiguous Unicode characters

This file contains Unicode characters that might be confused with other characters. If you think that this is intentional, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to reveal them.

<document id="EF8A06A06EC2B37C690C449B10491A33" ID-CLB-Dataset="7258" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4955.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="154fa04a-d90d-401d-8d8f-52467a275fce" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4691078" ID-ZooBank="E800A72A-C56A-492C-9EE6-FA4F8277DE31" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1618453699710" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Cunha, Rosana, Martins, Luciana, Menegola, Carla &amp; Souto, Camilla" docDate="2021" docId="FF6987EEFFB9FFC2FF54440A7E18FF44" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4955.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4955 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Luidia clathrata" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="22" masterDocId="0350FF96FFADFFD4FFC347147C72FFF5" masterDocTitle="Taxonomy of the sea stars (Echinodermata: Asteroidea) from Bahia State, including ontogenetic variation and an illustrated key to the Brazilian species" masterLastPageNumber="78" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="21" updateTime="1698907467094" updateUser="plazi">
<mods:mods id="553B0944A7B31D0690B972DC8C5EF3B8" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="0C832BAEDF4F304C1EF58056BFF1798E">
<mods:title id="DF5E97CD5D1D00B552A3238985FDD995">Taxonomy of the sea stars (Echinodermata: Asteroidea) from Bahia State, including ontogenetic variation and an illustrated key to the Brazilian species</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="814A4D94ABC7ACB6D7D2DCA8C9DEC7DE" type="personal">
<mods:role id="A8D7818290206BFEB8212ECCEF53342C">
<mods:roleTerm id="3E0ACC9EDB8E675A6671BBE1A12F138D">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="755B8AF87FBE9421305A2E69B03102FD">Cunha, Rosana</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="1E66A3E66AB7753A82FD5E71A0C27446" type="ORCID">0000-0002-0858-0041</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="84805D81BB951413BC2EA96FE3864A8F" type="email">rosana.fcunha@alumni.usp.br</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="FED9CB33D1AEBC12B41206D37A134846" type="personal">
<mods:role id="B4D6DD3A90C7035BC6A4FD7CF6247466">
<mods:roleTerm id="2AC91583F6A873F6E7C7406B572BA932">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="E2386C46C73BB8AF37CF6363471AD2F8">Martins, Luciana</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="B852FD32A5EF8933A1ADCA3E9CAB016D" type="ORCID">0000-0002-0858-0041</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="B44CAC296C2EB1564725B03CD6A852AB" type="email">rosana.fcunha@alumni.usp.br</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="A6BE0ECAEDFB7772E2BEE68E78DEEAFA" type="personal">
<mods:role id="523A8E4BA71D5651D24AB3D4D0BFA0D4">
<mods:roleTerm id="D4B9E372FC66772030421064ACEDC0DD">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="B097C498D5FB98433D4E5584001D51BA">Menegola, Carla</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="2335DC0A58AD161E5EAB57F23D1F8BFE" type="ORCID">0000-0002-4913-366X</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="6E83E3486DC49B212161D06676F4CE9D" type="email">carla.menegola@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="5A010DDC99D094AD055FE6E0F5303495" type="personal">
<mods:role id="76FBC4D05C60EAA34EFEAFF6FA2C14C4">
<mods:roleTerm id="A3151204F3B69FA7C07D6D79EDB62116">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="DB5F00EDE8D4F07CE87F6E11FC3A8E88">Souto, Camilla</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="B193A86C397540F3A58F79C07FA7ABA4" type="ORCID">0000-0002-0858-0041</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="9C2D87DA4ED5A5559A34D35B34818F6F" type="email">rosana.fcunha@alumni.usp.br</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="E97D5F7231611F479033F96952E11704">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="54EFB2AA92A1B58C34E17B0620543C3B" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="1D1AB13657FB66242BBE67AD74DAEC1B">
<mods:title id="005E59BF4A3292B12FB71B03FA83E80A">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="B51647836EA7EF1BDEC56813A452E8E6">
<mods:date id="49B6C26E58CA2AD5D6C07190F67D2F79">2021</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="584E576573438558FDA9CF093F24EA01" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="204474C5D9C63E902ABEF92CCC0F5ABE">2021-04-13</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="6857455EDD885C6DE90E59747F2777A9" type="volume">
<mods:number id="82224A6BB7D58ECEB77CC3F5E0A5CFDB">4955</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="E7B903403F441364FD489414F326DF46" type="issue">
<mods:number id="B32747B7AD755B65E59B1F5F9B339DBF">1</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="9ED4D8A9A467DD1077BAB3D760E5027A" unit="page">
<mods:start id="55140FD7ABCBEB6A8CC5E15AAFA6697E">1</mods:start>
<mods:end id="948787284FE2A6AAB731600B7D4644B1">78</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:classification id="15E80527E4CE184BCB657FD56EE9467E">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="2F82FB04B26055AB7C28AF7527734038" type="CLB-Dataset">7258</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="E97066ABF5C914AF68C453A6688442B5" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4955.1.1</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="954DF9A0B7CA75EB0E09D94D14292BD5" type="GBIF-Dataset">154fa04a-d90d-401d-8d8f-52467a275fce</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="030BFBA9EF2AE81946A3A7D8EACCAFDD" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="1C077E90C8A7F10B6A5C5B1B161119E6" type="Zenodo-Dep">4691078</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="049E1E6B36A7584BA747765E2EA472BC" type="ZooBank">E800A72A-C56A-492C-9EE6-FA4F8277DE31</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="FF6987EEFFB9FFC2FF54440A7E18FF44" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4701441" ID-GBIF-Taxon="181198527" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4701441" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FF6987EEFFB9FFC2FF54440A7E18FF44" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/FF6987EEFFB9FFC2FF54440A7E18FF44" lastPageId="22" lastPageNumber="22" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<subSubSection id="3FDA6573FFB9FFC0FF54440A7D9EFCCD" box="[151,492,798,825]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="777F36F8FFB9FFC0FF54440A7D9EFCCD" blockId="20.[151,492,798,861]" box="[151,492,798,825]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<heading id="2C378194FFB9FFC0FF54440A7D9EFCCD" bold="true" box="[151,492,798,825]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" reason="4">
<taxonomicName id="B0C04D7BFFB9FFC0FF54440A7D9EFCCD" ID-CoL="3WDNX" ID-ENA="133437" authority="(Say, 1825)" baseAuthorityName="Say" baseAuthorityYear="1825" box="[151,492,798,825]" class="Asteroidea" family="Luidiidae" genus="Luidia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Paxillosida" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="clathrata">
<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFFB9FFC0FF54440A7D9EFCCD" bold="true" box="[151,492,798,825]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFFB9FFC0FF54440A7D29FCCC" bold="true" box="[151,347,798,825]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Luidia clathrata</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FFB9FFC0FEA8440A7D91FCCD" author="Say, T." box="[363,483,798,824]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="151 - 154" refId="ref62181" refString="Say, T. (1825) On the species of the Linnaean genus Asterias inhabiting the coast of the United States. Journal of the Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, 1 (5), 151 - 154." type="journal article" year="1825">Say, 1825</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="3FDA6573FFB9FFC0FF5444577D58FCA8" box="[151,298,835,861]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="description">
<paragraph id="777F36F8FFB9FFC0FF5444577D58FCA8" blockId="20.[151,492,798,861]" box="[151,298,835,861]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<figureCitation id="EFFB2A7DFFB9FFC0FF5444577D58FCA8" box="[151,298,835,861]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 9" captionStart-1="FIGURE 10" captionStartId-0="21.[151,250,1688,1712]" captionStartId-1="22.[151,250,1778,1802]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1435,669,1665]" captionTargetBox-1="[158,1429,201,1755]" captionTargetId-0="figure-239@21.[151,1435,669,1665]" captionTargetId-1="figure-33@22.[158,1429,201,1755]" captionTargetPageId-0="21" captionTargetPageId-1="22" captionText-0="FIGURE 9. Specimen (R 57 mm) of Luidia clathrata (Say, 1825) (UFBA 330): (A) abactinal and (B) actinal view of body; (C) cross section of the arm. Scale bars: A–B, 10 mm; C, 2 mm." captionText-1="FIGURE 10. Specimen (R 57 mm) of Luidia clathrata (Say, 1825) (UFBA 330): (A) abactinal paxillae; (B) inferomarginal spines; (C) ambulacral furrow; (D) paxillae of the external region of the arm; (E) furrow spines; (F) interradial paxillae; (G) actinal spines; (H) madreporite partially hidden by paxillae; (I) oral region. Scale bars: A, 10 mm; B, D, F, H, 1 mm; C, G, I, 2 mm; E, 0.5 mm." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4691104" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4691106" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/4691104/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/4691106/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Figures 9–10</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="3FDA6573FFB9FFC0FF5444967E1CFBA7" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="777F36F8FFB9FFC0FF5444967D81FC6F" blockId="20.[151,1437,898,1106]" box="[151,499,898,922]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="57D011D6FFB9FFC0FF5444967D81FC6F" box="[151,499,898,922]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<treatmentCitation id="F66110E9FFB9FFC0FF5444967D9DFC6F" author="Say, T." box="[151,495,898,922]" page="142" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" year="1825">
<taxonomicName id="B0C04D7BFFB9FFC0FF5444967D9DFC6F" ID-CoL="HRH4" authority="Say, 1825: 142" authorityName="Say" authorityPageNumber="142" authorityYear="1825" box="[151,495,898,922]" class="Asteroidea" family="Asteriidae" genus="Asterias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Forcipulatida" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="clathrata">
<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFFB9FFC0FF5444967D3CFC6F" box="[151,334,898,922]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Asterias clathrata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FFB9FFC0FE9744967D9DFC6F" author="Say, T." box="[340,495,898,922]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="151 - 154" refId="ref62181" refString="Say, T. (1825) On the species of the Linnaean genus Asterias inhabiting the coast of the United States. Journal of the Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, 1 (5), 151 - 154." type="journal article" year="1825">Say, 1825: 142</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="777F36F8FFB9FFC0FF5444B47E1CFBA7" blockId="20.[151,1437,898,1106]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="57D011D6FFB9FFC0FF5444B47E1CFBA7" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<taxonomicName id="B0C04D7BFFB9FFC0FF5444B47D4FFC4D" ID-CoL="3WDNX" baseAuthorityName="Say" baseAuthorityYear="1825" box="[151,317,928,952]" class="Asteroidea" family="Luidiidae" genus="Luidia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Paxillosida" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="clathrata">
<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFFB9FFC0FF5444B47D4FFC4D" box="[151,317,928,952]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Luidia clathrata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
—
<treatmentCitation id="F66110E9FFB9FFC0FE9544B47E7AFC4C" author="Tommasi, L. R." box="[342,520,928,953]" page="9" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" year="1958">
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FFB9FFC0FE9544B47E7AFC4C" author="Tommasi, L. R." box="[342,520,928,953]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="1 - 27" refId="ref63273" refString="Tommasi, L. R. (1958) Os equinodermos do litoral de Sao Paulo. II. Diadematidae, Schizasteridae, Brissidae, Cidaroidea (Echinoidea) e Asteroidea do Bentos Costeiro. Contribuicoes avulsas do Instituto Oceanografico, 2, 1 - 27, 6 pls." type="journal article" year="1958">Tommasi 1958: 9</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, fig. 1, pl. 2;
<treatmentCitation id="F66110E9FFB9FFC0FD5244B47F68FC4C" author="Brito, I. M." box="[657,794,928,953]" page="4" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" year="1962">
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FFB9FFC0FD5244B47F68FC4C" author="Brito, I. M." box="[657,794,928,953]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="1 - 10" refId="ref51179" refString="Brito, I. M. (1962) Ensaio de catailogo dos equinodermas do Brasil. Universidade do Brasil, Faculdade Nacional de Filosofia, Centro de Estudos Zooloigicos, 13, 1 - 10." type="journal article" year="1962">Brito 1962: 4</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="F66110E9FFB9FFC0FCE644B47FD4FC4C" author="Brito, I. M." box="[805,934,928,953]" page="11" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" year="1968">
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FFB9FFC0FCE644B47FD4FC4C" author="Brito, I. M." box="[805,934,928,953]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="1 - 51" refId="ref51216" refString="Brito, I. M. (1968) Asteroiides e equinoiides do Estado da Guanabara e adjace ˆ ncias. Boletim do Museu Nacional, 260, 1 - 51." type="journal article" year="1968">1968: 11–12</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, fig. 2, pl. 2; Tommasi &amp; Aron 1987: 3; Tommasi
<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFFB9FFC0FF0444D47C86FC22" box="[199,244,959,983]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">et al</emphasis>
. 1988: 6;
<treatmentCitation id="F66110E9FFB9FFC0FE9F44AB7E1FFC22" author="Clark, A. M. &amp; Downey, M. E." box="[348,621,959,984]" page="13" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" year="1992">
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FFB9FFC0FE9F44AB7E1FFC22" author="Clark, A. M. &amp; Downey, M. E." box="[348,621,959,984]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" refId="ref52515" refString="Clark, A. M. &amp; Downey, M. E. (1992) Starfishes of the Atlantic. Chapman and Hall, London, 794 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5860 / choice. 30 - 2659" type="book" year="1992">Clark &amp; Downey 1992: 13</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, figs. 4d, 5e–g,
<quantity id="B0389B1DFFB9FFC0FCD244AB7F5EFC22" box="[785,812,959,983]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="6.0" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" unit="g" value="6.0">6g</quantity>
, i,
<quantity id="B0389B1DFFB9FFC0FC8844AB7F14FC22" box="[843,870,959,983]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="8.0" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" unit="g" value="8.0">8g</quantity>
, pl. 4B;
<treatmentCitation id="F66110E9FFB9FFC0FC7D44AB78BAFC22" author="Magalhaes, W. F. &amp; Martins, L. R. &amp; Alves, O. F. S." box="[958,1224,959,983]" page="63" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" year="2005">
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FFB9FFC0FC7D44AB78BAFC22" author="Magalhaes, W. F. &amp; Martins, L. R. &amp; Alves, O. F. S." box="[958,1224,959,983]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="61 - 65" refId="ref57949" refString="Magalhaes, W. F., Martins, L. R. &amp; Alves, O. F. S. (2005) Inventario dos Echinodermata do estado da Bahia. Brazilian Journal of Aquatic Science and Technology, 9 (1), 61 - 65. https: // doi. org / 10.14210 / bjast. v 9 n 1. p 61 - 65" type="journal article" year="2005">
Magalhães
<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFFB9FFC0FBF144D4782DFC22" box="[1074,1119,959,983]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">et al</emphasis>
. 2005: 63
</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="F66110E9FFB9FFC0FB1044D47C82FC03" author="Ventura, C. R. R. &amp; Verissimo, I. &amp; Nobre, C. C. &amp; Zama, P. C." page="237" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" year="2007">
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FFB9FFC0FB1044D47C82FC03" author="Ventura, C. R. R. &amp; Verissimo, I. &amp; Nobre, C. C. &amp; Zama, P. C." pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="258" refId="ref63988" refString="Ventura, C. R. R., Verissimo, I., Nobre, C. C. &amp; Zama, P. C. (2007) Filo Echinodermata. In: Lavrado, H. P. &amp; Viana, M. S. (Eds.), Atlas de invertebrados marinhos da regiao central da Zona Economica Exclusiva brasileira. Parte 1. Museu Nacional do Rio de Janeiro, Serie Livros 25. Museu Nacional do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, pp. 258." type="book chapter" year="2007">
Ventura
<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFFB9FFC0FAEA44D47924FC22" box="[1321,1366,959,983]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">et al</emphasis>
. 2007: 237
</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="F66110E9FFB9FFC0FF3844CA7D98FC03" author="Manso, C. L. C. &amp; Alves, O. F. S. &amp; Martins, L. R." box="[251,490,990,1014]" page="185" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" year="2008">
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FFB9FFC0FF3844CA7D98FC03" author="Manso, C. L. C. &amp; Alves, O. F. S. &amp; Martins, L. R." box="[251,490,990,1014]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="179 - 196" refId="ref58661" refString="Manso, C. L. C., Alves, O. F. S. &amp; Martins, L. R. (2008) Echinodermata da Baia de Todos os Santos e da Baia de Aratu (Bahia, Brasil). Biota Neotropica, 8 (3), 179 - 196. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / S 1676 - 06032008000300017" type="journal article" year="2008">
Manso
<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFFB9FFC0FE8444CB7D06FC03" box="[327,372,990,1014]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">et al</emphasis>
. 2008: 185
</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, fig. 7a–e;
<treatmentCitation id="F66110E9FFB9FFC0FD9F44CA7F0CFC03" author="Lima, E. J. B. &amp; Fernandes, M. L. B." box="[604,894,990,1014]" page="58" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" year="2009">
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FFB9FFC0FD9F44CA7F0CFC03" author="Lima, E. J. B. &amp; Fernandes, M. L. B." box="[604,894,990,1014]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="55 - 63" refId="ref57422" refString="Lima, E. J. B. &amp; Fernandes, M. L. B. (2009) Diversidade de equinodermos (Echinodermata) no estado de Pernambuco (Brasil). Revista Brasileira de Zoociencias, 11, 55 - 63." type="journal article" year="2009">
<collectingRegion id="B504F81AFFB9FFC0FD9F44CA7EE3FC03" box="[604,657,990,1014]" country="Peru" name="Lima" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Lima</collectingRegion>
&amp; Fernandes 2009: 58
</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
; Magris &amp; Deìstro 2010: 59;
<treatmentCitation id="F66110E9FFB9FFC0FB6F44CA7926FC03" author="Xavier, L. A. R." box="[1196,1364,990,1014]" page="75" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" year="2010">
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FFB9FFC0FB6F44CA7926FC03" author="Xavier, L. A. R." box="[1196,1364,990,1014]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="73 - 78" refId="ref65413" refString="Xavier, L. A. R. (2010) Inventario dos equinodermos do Estado de Santa Catarina, Brasil. Brazilian Journal of Aquatic Science and Technology, 14, 73 - 78. https: // doi. org / 10.14210 / bjast. v 14 n 2. p 73 - 78" type="journal article" year="2010">Xavier 2010: 75</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="F66110E9FFB9FFC0FAA344CA7E53FBE0" author="Benavides-Serrato, M. &amp; Borrero-Perez, G. &amp; Diaz-Sanchez, C." page="99" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" year="2011">
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FFB9FFC0FAA344CA7E53FBE0" author="Benavides-Serrato, M. &amp; Borrero-Perez, G. &amp; Diaz-Sanchez, C." pageId="20" pageNumber="21" refId="ref50205" refString="Benavides-Serrato, M., Borrero-Perez, G. &amp; Diaz-Sanchez, C. (2011) Equinodermos del caribe colombiano: Crinodea, Asteroidea y Ophiuroidea. Vol. 1. Marquillas, Santa Marta, 384 pp." type="book" year="2011">
Benavides-Serrato
<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFFB9FFC0FE9544E97DF6FBE1" box="[342,388,1020,1044]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">et al</emphasis>
. 2011: 99–100
</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="F66110E9FFB9FFC0FDEF44E87F36FBE0" author="Gondim, A. &amp; Christoffersen, M. &amp; Dias, T." box="[556,836,1020,1045]" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/54C25BFAE09BD2A8F0CDD31CCE4D2F70" page="10" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" year="2014">
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FFB9FFC0FDEF44E87F36FBE0" author="Gondim, A. &amp; Christoffersen, M. &amp; Dias, T." box="[556,836,1020,1045]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="1 - 56" refId="ref55654" refString="Gondim, A., Christoffersen, M. &amp; Dias, T. (2014) Taxonomic guide and historical review of starfishes in northeastern Brazil (Echinodermata, Asteroidea). ZooKeys, 449, 1 - 56. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 449.6813" type="journal article" year="2014">
Gondim
<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFFB9FFC0FD4444E97EC7FBE1" box="[647,693,1020,1044]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">et al</emphasis>
. 2014: 10–11
</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, figs. 3e–h;
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FFB9FFC0FC0044E878E2FBE0" author="Sandino, O. B. &amp; Solis-Marin, F. A. &amp; Caballero-Ochoa, A. A. &amp; Conejeros-Vargas, C. A. &amp; Marquez-Borras, F. &amp; Ayala-Aguilera, A. P. &amp; Laguarda-Figueras, A." box="[963,1168,1020,1045]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="288 - 298" refId="ref62033" refString="Sandino, O. B., Solis-Marin, F. A., Caballero-Ochoa, A. A., Conejeros-Vargas, C. A., Marquez-Borras, F., Ayala-Aguilera, A. P. &amp; Laguarda-Figueras, A. (2017) Equinodermos de Nicaragua: nuevos registros del Pacifico y Caribe Sur. Revista de Biologia Tropical, 65, 288 - 298. https: // doi. org / 10.15517 / rbt. v 65 i 1 - 1.31696" type="journal article" year="2017">
Sandino
<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFFB9FFC0FBDD44E9783EFBE1" box="[1054,1100,1020,1044]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">et al</emphasis>
. 2017
</bibRefCitation>
: S294;
<treatmentCitation id="F66110E9FFB9FFC0FB1E44E97D51FBC6" author="Bueno, M. L. &amp; Alitto, R. A. S. &amp; Guilherme P. D. B. &amp; Domenico, M. D. &amp; Borges, M." page="178" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" year="2018">
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FFB9FFC0FB1E44E97D51FBC6" author="Bueno, M. L. &amp; Alitto, R. A. S. &amp; Guilherme P. D. B. &amp; Domenico, M. D. &amp; Borges, M." pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="169 - 237" refId="ref51280" refString="Bueno, M. L., Alitto, R. A. S., Guilherme P. D. B., Domenico, M. D. &amp; Borges, M. (2018) Guia ilustrado dos Echinodermata da porcao sul do Embaiamento Sul Brasileiro. Pesquisa e Ensino em Ciencias Exatas e da Natureza, 2 (2), 169 - 237. https: // doi. org / 10.29215 / pecen. v 2 i 2.1071" type="journal article" year="2018">
Bueno
<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFFB9FFC0FAE444E97927FBE1" box="[1319,1365,1020,1044]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">et al</emphasis>
. 2018: 178–179
</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, fig. 8;
<treatmentCitation id="F66110E9FFB9FFC0FEAD430F7E0AFBC6" author="Gurjao, L. M. &amp; Lotufo, T. M. C." box="[366,632,1051,1075]" page="11" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" year="2018">
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FFB9FFC0FEAD430F7E0AFBC6" author="Gurjao, L. M. &amp; Lotufo, T. M. C." box="[366,632,1051,1075]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="20170387" refId="ref56095" refString="Gurjao, L. M. &amp; Lotufo, T. M. C. (2018) Native species exploited by marine aquarium trade in Brazil. Biota Neotropica, 18 (3), e 20170387. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / 1676 - 0611 - bn- 2017 - 0387" type="journal article" year="2018">Gurjão &amp; Lotufo 2018: 11</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="F66110E9FFB9FFC0FD40430F7F4BFBC6" author="Miranda, A. P. S." box="[643,825,1051,1075]" page="14" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" year="2018">
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FFB9FFC0FD40430F7F4BFBC6" author="Miranda, A. P. S." box="[643,825,1051,1075]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" refId="ref59457" refString="Miranda, A. P. S. (2018) Diversidade e distribuicao de equinodermos da Plataforma Continental Amazonica. Unpublished Honors Thesis, Universidade Federal do Para, Belem, 62 pp." type="book" year="2018">
<collectingRegion id="B504F81AFFB9FFC0FD40430F7EABFBC6" box="[643,729,1051,1075]" country="Venezuela" name="Miranda" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Miranda</collectingRegion>
2018: 14
</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, fig. 10C;
<treatmentCitation id="F66110E9FFB9FFC0FC61430F788EFBC6" author="Patrizzi, N. &amp; Dobrovolski, R." box="[930,1276,1051,1075]" page="182" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" year="2018">
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FFB9FFC0FC61430F788EFBC6" author="Patrizzi, N. &amp; Dobrovolski, R." box="[930,1276,1051,1075]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="177 - 188" refId="ref60302" refString="Patrizzi, N. &amp; Dobrovolski, R. (2018) Integrating climate change and human impacts into marine spatial planning: a case study of threatened starfish species in Brazil. Ocean &amp; Coastal Management, 161, 177 - 188. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ocecoaman. 2018.05.003" type="journal article" year="2018">Patrizzi &amp; Dobrovolski 2018: 182</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
; Borrero-Peìrez
<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFFB9FFC0FF04432F7C86FBA7" box="[199,244,1082,1106]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">et al</emphasis>
. 2019: 4;
<treatmentCitation id="F66110E9FFB9FFC0FE99432E7E18FBA7" author="Torres, V. S. &amp; Torres, F. S. S." box="[346,618,1082,1106]" page="413" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" year="2019">
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FFB9FFC0FE99432E7E18FBA7" author="Torres, V. S. &amp; Torres, F. S. S." box="[346,618,1082,1106]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="408 - 422" refId="ref63583" refString="Torres, V. S. &amp; Torres, F. S. S. (2019) Inventario preliminar dos invertebrados marinhos observados na praia da Pinheira, Palhoca, SC, Brasil. UNISANTA Bioscience, 8 (4), 408 - 422." type="journal article" year="2019">Torres &amp; Torres 2019: 413</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="3FDA6573FFB9FFC0FF54436E7D35FAF4" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="777F36F8FFB9FFC0FF54436E7E05FB4C" blockId="20.[151,1437,1146,2037]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFFB9FFC0FF54436E7D0CFB61" bold="true" box="[151,382,1146,1172]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Material examined</emphasis>
(
<specimenCount id="61C6FD71FFB9FFC0FE55436F7D90FB60" box="[406,482,1147,1173]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="generic">1 spec</specimenCount>
,
<quantity id="B0389B1DFFB9FFC0FE30436E7E35FB60" box="[499,583,1146,1173]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.7" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" unit="mm" value="57.0">57 mm</quantity>
<collectionCode id="11D1AE3DFFB9FFC0FD91436F7E1AFB60" box="[594,616,1147,1173]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">R</collectionCode>
).
<materialsCitation id="C7A83CA5FFB9FFC0FD42436F7DF4FB4C" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3080394367" collectingDate="1997-03-15" collectionCode="R" country="Brazil" elevation="15" latitude="-13.166667" location="Santos Bay" longLatPrecision="1291" longitude="-38.75" municipality="Todos" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Bahia">
<collectingCountry id="0FD77668FFB9FFC0FD42436F7E98FB60" box="[641,746,1147,1173]" name="Brazil" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="B504F81AFFB9FFC0FD3A436F7F4FFB60" box="[761,829,1147,1173]" country="Brazil" name="Bahia" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Bahia</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="971BAC82FFB9FFC0FC8E436F7FE3FB60" box="[845,913,1147,1173]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Todos</collectingMunicipality>
os
<location id="721F6023FFB9FFC0FC01436F7834FB60" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FF6987EEFFB9FFC2FF54440A7E18FF44:721F6023FFB9FFC0FC01436F7834FB60" box="[962,1094,1147,1173]" country="Brazil" latitude="-13.166667" longLatPrecision="1291" longitude="-38.75" municipality="Todos" name="Santos Bay" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" stateProvince="Bahia">Santos Bay</location>
(
<geoCoordinate id="12F4503FFFB9FFC0FB98436F78C8FB60" box="[1115,1210,1147,1173]" degrees="13" direction="south" minutes="10" orientation="latitude" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" precision="925" value="-13.166667">13°10’S</geoCoordinate>
;
<geoCoordinate id="12F4503FFFB9FFC0FB08436E7943FB60" box="[1227,1329,1146,1173]" degrees="38" direction="west" minutes="45" orientation="longitude" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" precision="925" value="-38.75">38°45’W</geoCoordinate>
)—
<quantity id="B0389B1DFFB9FFC0FA9A436E79E5FB60" box="[1369,1431,1146,1173]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" unit="m" value="15.0">
<elevation id="FCEDD1CBFFB9FFC0FA9A436E79E5FB60" box="[1369,1431,1146,1173]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" unit="m" value="15.0">15 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="037E1038FFB9FFC0FF54438A7D61FB4C" box="[151,275,1182,1209]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" value="1997-03-15">
<collectingDate id="133AE9D0FFB9FFC0FF54438A7D61FB4C" box="[151,275,1182,1209]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" value="1997-03-15">15.iii.1997</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<specimenCount id="61C6FD71FFB9FFC0FEDC438B7D1AFB4C" box="[287,360,1183,1209]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="generic">1 spec</specimenCount>
,
<collectionCode id="11D1AE3DFFB9FFC0FEB0438B7DF4FB4C" box="[371,390,1183,1209]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">R</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="C7A83CA5FFB9FFC0FE4E438A7E00FB4C" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3080394314" box="[397,626,1182,1209]" collectionCode="UFBA" country="Brazil" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" specimenCode="UFBA 330" specimenCount="1">
<quantity id="B0389B1DFFB9FFC0FE4E438A7DAEFB4C" box="[397,476,1182,1209]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.7" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" unit="mm" value="57.0">57 mm</quantity>
(
<specimenCode id="27669E83FFB9FFC0FE29438B7E18FB4C" box="[490,618,1183,1209]" collectionCode="UFBA" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">UFBA 330</specimenCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="777F36F8FFB9FFC0FF0443D67D35FAF4" blockId="20.[151,1437,1146,2037]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFFB9FFC0FF0443D67DABFB29" bold="true" box="[199,473,1218,1244]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Comparative material.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="C7A83CA5FFB9FFC0FE2143D778AEFB28" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3080394384" box="[482,1244,1219,1245]" collectingDate="1884-10-19" collectionCode="R" country="United States of America" elevation="26" location="Cape Hatteras" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="North Carolina">
<collectingCountry id="0FD77668FFB9FFC0FE2143D77E42FB28" box="[482,560,1219,1245]" name="United States of America" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">U.S.A.</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="B504F81AFFB9FFC0FDFD43D77E99FB28" box="[574,747,1219,1245]" country="United States of America" name="North Carolina" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">North Carolina</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="721F6023FFB9FFC0FD3B43D77FE8FB28" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FF6987EEFFB9FFC2FF54440A7E18FF44:721F6023FFB9FFC0FD3B43D77FE8FB28" box="[760,922,1219,1245]" country="United States of America" name="Cape Hatteras" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" stateProvince="North Carolina">Cape Hatteras</location>
,
<quantity id="B0389B1DFFB9FFC0FC6443D77F96FB28" box="[935,996,1219,1245]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" unit="m" value="26.0">
<elevation id="FCEDD1CBFFB9FFC0FC6443D77F96FB28" box="[935,996,1219,1245]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" unit="m" value="26.0">26 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="037E1038FFB9FFC0FC3243D77816FB28" box="[1009,1124,1219,1245]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" value="1884-10-19">
<collectingDate id="133AE9D0FFB9FFC0FC3243D77816FB28" box="[1009,1124,1219,1245]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" value="1884-10-19">19.x.1884</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<specimenCount id="61C6FD71FFB9FFC0FBB243D778CEFB28" box="[1137,1212,1219,1245]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="generic">1 spec</specimenCount>
,
<collectionCode id="11D1AE3DFFB9FFC0FB0A43D778AEFB28" box="[1225,1244,1219,1245]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">R</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="C7A83CA5FFB9FFC0FB2643D77D31FAF4" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3080394351" collectionCode="NMNH" country="United States of America" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" specimenCode="NMNH 8507" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="North Carolina" typeStatus="neotype">
<quantity id="B0389B1DFFB9FFC0FB2643D77947FB28" box="[1253,1333,1219,1245]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" unit="mm" value="70.0">70 mm</quantity>
(
<specimenCode id="27669E83FFB9FFC0FA8643D77CA0FAF4" collectionCode="NMNH" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/142r-0w94" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="Museum">NMNH 8507</specimenCode>
,
<typeStatus id="A87B885AFFB9FFC0FF1E43F37D49FAF4" box="[221,315,1255,1281]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="3FDA6573FFB9FFC0FF04421E7904F8B4" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="description">
<paragraph id="777F36F8FFB9FFC0FF04421E7846F99C" blockId="20.[151,1437,1146,2037]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFFB9FFC0FF04421E7D92FAD1" bold="true" box="[199,480,1290,1317]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
Description (R
<quantity id="B0389B1DFFB9FFC0FEBD421F7DA1FAD1" box="[382,467,1290,1317]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.7" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" unit="mm" value="57.0">57 mm</quantity>
).
</emphasis>
Flat disc (
<figureCitation id="EFFB2A7DFFB9FFC0FD9B421F7EC0FAD0" box="[600,690,1291,1317]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="21.[151,250,1688,1712]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,669,1665]" captionTargetId="figure-239@21.[151,1435,669,1665]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 9. Specimen (R 57 mm) of Luidia clathrata (Say, 1825) (UFBA 330): (A) abactinal and (B) actinal view of body; (C) cross section of the arm. Scale bars: A–B, 10 mm; C, 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4691104" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4691104/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 9A</figureCitation>
); R/r 5.2. Five tapering arms. Abactinal plates covered by paxillae (
<figureCitation id="EFFB2A7DFFB9FFC0FF63423B7D77FABC" box="[160,261,1327,1353]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="22.[151,250,1778,1802]" captionTargetBox="[158,1429,201,1755]" captionTargetId="figure-33@22.[158,1429,201,1755]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURE 10. Specimen (R 57 mm) of Luidia clathrata (Say, 1825) (UFBA 330): (A) abactinal paxillae; (B) inferomarginal spines; (C) ambulacral furrow; (D) paxillae of the external region of the arm; (E) furrow spines; (F) interradial paxillae; (G) actinal spines; (H) madreporite partially hidden by paxillae; (I) oral region. Scale bars: A, 10 mm; B, D, F, H, 1 mm; C, G, I, 2 mm; E, 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4691106" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4691106/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 10A</figureCitation>
) with robust granules (3–7) in center and a fringe of small peripheral spinelets. Paxillae of disc and arms smaller, irregularly arranged (
<figureCitation id="EFFB2A7DFFB9FFC0FE2642477E3AFA98" box="[485,584,1363,1389]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="22.[151,250,1778,1802]" captionTargetBox="[158,1429,201,1755]" captionTargetId="figure-33@22.[158,1429,201,1755]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURE 10. Specimen (R 57 mm) of Luidia clathrata (Say, 1825) (UFBA 330): (A) abactinal paxillae; (B) inferomarginal spines; (C) ambulacral furrow; (D) paxillae of the external region of the arm; (E) furrow spines; (F) interradial paxillae; (G) actinal spines; (H) madreporite partially hidden by paxillae; (I) oral region. Scale bars: A, 10 mm; B, D, F, H, 1 mm; C, G, I, 2 mm; E, 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4691106" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4691106/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 10F</figureCitation>
). Paxillae from periphery of arms in five regular rows, square to rectangular in abactinal view (
<figureCitation id="EFFB2A7DFFB9FFC0FEA142637DBBFA64" box="[354,457,1399,1425]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="22.[151,250,1778,1802]" captionTargetBox="[158,1429,201,1755]" captionTargetId="figure-33@22.[158,1429,201,1755]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURE 10. Specimen (R 57 mm) of Luidia clathrata (Say, 1825) (UFBA 330): (A) abactinal paxillae; (B) inferomarginal spines; (C) ambulacral furrow; (D) paxillae of the external region of the arm; (E) furrow spines; (F) interradial paxillae; (G) actinal spines; (H) madreporite partially hidden by paxillae; (I) oral region. Scale bars: A, 10 mm; B, D, F, H, 1 mm; C, G, I, 2 mm; E, 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4691106" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4691106/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 10D</figureCitation>
); paxillae from three outer rows equal to or larger than those from inner rows. Madreporite often with irregular outline and hidden by paxillae (
<figureCitation id="EFFB2A7DFFB9FFC0FD31428F7F2BFA40" box="[754,857,1435,1461]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="22.[151,250,1778,1802]" captionTargetBox="[158,1429,201,1755]" captionTargetId="figure-33@22.[158,1429,201,1755]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURE 10. Specimen (R 57 mm) of Luidia clathrata (Say, 1825) (UFBA 330): (A) abactinal paxillae; (B) inferomarginal spines; (C) ambulacral furrow; (D) paxillae of the external region of the arm; (E) furrow spines; (F) interradial paxillae; (G) actinal spines; (H) madreporite partially hidden by paxillae; (I) oral region. Scale bars: A, 10 mm; B, D, F, H, 1 mm; C, G, I, 2 mm; E, 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4691106" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4691106/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 10H</figureCitation>
). Superomarginal plates paxilliform. Inferomarginal plates elongated and separated by a gap. Marginal region of plates with two unequal, denticulate spines (
<figureCitation id="EFFB2A7DFFB9FFC0FAEB42AB79FCFA2C" box="[1320,1422,1471,1497]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="22.[151,250,1778,1802]" captionTargetBox="[158,1429,201,1755]" captionTargetId="figure-33@22.[158,1429,201,1755]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURE 10. Specimen (R 57 mm) of Luidia clathrata (Say, 1825) (UFBA 330): (A) abactinal paxillae; (B) inferomarginal spines; (C) ambulacral furrow; (D) paxillae of the external region of the arm; (E) furrow spines; (F) interradial paxillae; (G) actinal spines; (H) madreporite partially hidden by paxillae; (I) oral region. Scale bars: A, 10 mm; B, D, F, H, 1 mm; C, G, I, 2 mm; E, 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4691106" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4691106/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 10B</figureCitation>
); around these, several small spines. Actinal surface of plate densely covered by flat spines, large in central region and minute in marginal region (
<figureCitation id="EFFB2A7DFFB9FFC0FE0A41137E43F9D4" box="[457,561,1543,1569]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="22.[151,250,1778,1802]" captionTargetBox="[158,1429,201,1755]" captionTargetId="figure-33@22.[158,1429,201,1755]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURE 10. Specimen (R 57 mm) of Luidia clathrata (Say, 1825) (UFBA 330): (A) abactinal paxillae; (B) inferomarginal spines; (C) ambulacral furrow; (D) paxillae of the external region of the arm; (E) furrow spines; (F) interradial paxillae; (G) actinal spines; (H) madreporite partially hidden by paxillae; (I) oral region. Scale bars: A, 10 mm; B, D, F, H, 1 mm; C, G, I, 2 mm; E, 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4691106" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4691106/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 10G</figureCitation>
). Four adambulacral spines. Two curved spines, innermost spine smallest; two flattened, truncated spines of same size, side by side above (
<figureCitation id="EFFB2A7DFFB9FFC0FC81413F7FB8F9B0" box="[834,970,1579,1605]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="22.[151,250,1778,1802]" captionTargetBox="[158,1429,201,1755]" captionTargetId="figure-33@22.[158,1429,201,1755]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURE 10. Specimen (R 57 mm) of Luidia clathrata (Say, 1825) (UFBA 330): (A) abactinal paxillae; (B) inferomarginal spines; (C) ambulacral furrow; (D) paxillae of the external region of the arm; (E) furrow spines; (F) interradial paxillae; (G) actinal spines; (H) madreporite partially hidden by paxillae; (I) oral region. Scale bars: A, 10 mm; B, D, F, H, 1 mm; C, G, I, 2 mm; E, 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4691106" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4691106/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 10C, E</figureCitation>
). Oral plate with long spines, apical ones larger (
<figureCitation id="EFFB2A7DFFB9FFC0FF24415B7D36F99C" box="[231,324,1615,1641]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="22.[151,250,1778,1802]" captionTargetBox="[158,1429,201,1755]" captionTargetId="figure-33@22.[158,1429,201,1755]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURE 10. Specimen (R 57 mm) of Luidia clathrata (Say, 1825) (UFBA 330): (A) abactinal paxillae; (B) inferomarginal spines; (C) ambulacral furrow; (D) paxillae of the external region of the arm; (E) furrow spines; (F) interradial paxillae; (G) actinal spines; (H) madreporite partially hidden by paxillae; (I) oral region. Scale bars: A, 10 mm; B, D, F, H, 1 mm; C, G, I, 2 mm; E, 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4691106" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4691106/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 10I</figureCitation>
). Tube feet in two rows, sucking disc lacking. Pedicellariae absent.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="777F36F8FFB9FFC0FF0441667904F8B4" blockId="20.[151,1437,1146,2037]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFFB9FFC0FF0441667D3DF979" bold="true" box="[199,335,1650,1676]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Coloration.</emphasis>
No record of coloration of
<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFFB9FFC0FDBC41677EB8F979" box="[639,714,1651,1676]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">in vivo</emphasis>
specimens from this region. In ethanol, specimens are pale beige to white. Specimens from the Gulf of
<collectingRegion id="B504F81AFFB9FFC0FDFA41837EFDF944" box="[569,655,1687,1713]" country="Mexico" name="Mexico" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Mexico</collectingRegion>
have a noticeable grey band on the dorsal surface of the inferomarginal plates, above the fringe spines that is retained for years even in alcohol (Janessa Fletcher, pers. comm. on 4 Dec 20, “Picture Guide to the SEAMAP specimens of the Eastern Gulf of
<collectingRegion id="B504F81AFFB9FFC0FC6541CB7873F90C" box="[934,1025,1759,1785]" country="Mexico" name="Mexico" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Mexico</collectingRegion>
”, unpublished). The dry specimen in
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FFB9FFC0FF5440177DDAF8E8" author="Hopkins, T. S. &amp; Knott, K. E." box="[151,424,1795,1821]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="207 - 212" refId="ref56463" refString="Hopkins, T. S. &amp; Knott, K. E. (2010) The establishment of a neotype for Luidia clathrata (Say, 1825) and a new species within the genus Luidia (Asteroidea: Paxillosida: Luidiidae). In: Harris, L. G., Bottger, S. A., Walker, C. W. &amp; Lesser, M. P. (Eds.), Proceedings of the 12 th International Echinoderm Conference, 7 - 11 August 2006, Durham, New Hampshire. Taylor &amp; Francis Group, London, pp. 207 - 212. https: // doi. org / 10.1201 / 9780203869543 - c 32" type="book chapter" year="2010">Hopkins &amp; Knott (2010)</bibRefCitation>
has greyish upper arm surface, white ocular tips, white inferomarginal spines and off-white actinal surface. Frequently shows darker grey dorsal central arm stripe, but it is not encountered in the
<typeStatus id="A87B885AFFB9FFC0FAD640337903F8B4" box="[1301,1393,1831,1857]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="3FDA6573FFB9FFC1FF04405E790DFD94" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="22" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="777F36F8FFB9FFC1FF04405E7931FF20" blockId="20.[151,1437,1146,2037]" lastBlockId="21.[151,1437,150,645]" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="22" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFFB9FFC0FF04405E7D13F891" bold="true" box="[199,353,1866,1892]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="0FD77668FFB9FFC0FEAB405F7DC7F890" box="[360,437,1867,1893]" name="United States of America" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">U.S.A.</collectingCountry>
(NC, FL),
<collectingCountry id="0FD77668FFB9FFC0FDF6405F7EEDF890" box="[565,671,1867,1893]" name="Bermuda" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Bermuda</collectingCountry>
, Gulf of
<collectingCountry id="0FD77668FFB9FFC0FCC7405F7F2EF890" box="[772,860,1867,1893]" name="Mexico" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Mexico</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="0FD77668FFB9FFC0FCAA405F7FB3F890" box="[873,961,1867,1893]" name="Mexico" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Mexico</collectingCountry>
, The
<collectingCountry id="0FD77668FFB9FFC0FC3C405F78EEF890" box="[1023,1180,1867,1893]" name="Bahamas" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">The Bahamas</collectingCountry>
, Caribbean Sea,
<collectingCountry id="0FD77668FFB9FFC0FA99405F79EAF890" box="[1370,1432,1867,1893]" name="Cuba" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Cuba</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="0FD77668FFB9FFC0FF54407B7DF1F87C" box="[151,387,1903,1929]" name="Dominican Republic" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Dominican Republic</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="0FD77668FFB9FFC0FE4D407B7E65F87C" box="[398,535,1903,1929]" name="Puerto Rico" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Puerto Rico</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="0FD77668FFB9FFC0FDE1407B7E1EF87C" box="[546,620,1903,1929]" name="Belize" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Belize</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="0FD77668FFB9FFC0FDBB407B7E9AF87C" box="[632,744,1903,1929]" name="Honduras" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Honduras</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="0FD77668FFB9FFC0FD30407B7F1BF87C" box="[755,873,1903,1929]" name="Nicaragua" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Nicaragua</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="0FD77668FFB9FFC0FCB7407B7FA2F87C" box="[884,976,1903,1929]" name="Panama" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Panama</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="0FD77668FFB9FFC0FC18407B783EF87C" box="[987,1100,1903,1929]" name="Colombia" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Colombia</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="0FD77668FFB9FFC0FB94407B78BFF87C" box="[1111,1229,1903,1929]" name="Venezuela" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="0FD77668FFB9FFC0FB1A407B7942F87C" box="[1241,1328,1903,1929]" name="Guyana" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Guyana</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FFB9FFC0FAFC407B7D66F858" author="Sandino, O. B. &amp; Solis-Marin, F. A. &amp; Caballero-Ochoa, A. A. &amp; Conejeros-Vargas, C. A. &amp; Marquez-Borras, F. &amp; Ayala-Aguilera, A. P. &amp; Laguarda-Figueras, A." pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="288 - 298" refId="ref62033" refString="Sandino, O. B., Solis-Marin, F. A., Caballero-Ochoa, A. A., Conejeros-Vargas, C. A., Marquez-Borras, F., Ayala-Aguilera, A. P. &amp; Laguarda-Figueras, A. (2017) Equinodermos de Nicaragua: nuevos registros del Pacifico y Caribe Sur. Revista de Biologia Tropical, 65, 288 - 298. https: // doi. org / 10.15517 / rbt. v 65 i 1 - 1.31696" type="journal article" year="2017">
Sandino
<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFFB9FFC0FF5440877CB8F858" box="[151,202,1939,1965]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">et al</emphasis>
. 2017
</bibRefCitation>
; Borrero-Peìrez
<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFFB9FFC0FE1340877E71F858" box="[464,515,1939,1965]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">et al</emphasis>
. 2019;
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FFB9FFC0FD9840877E92F858" author="Mah, C. L." box="[603,736,1939,1965]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" refId="ref58185" refString="Mah, C. L. (2020 a) World Asteroidea Database. Available from: http: // www. marinespecies. org / asteroidea / (accessed 30 April 2020)" type="url" year="2020">Mah 2020a</bibRefCitation>
).
<collectingCountry id="0FD77668FFB9FFC0FD3740877F2CF858" box="[756,862,1939,1965]" name="Brazil" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="B504F81AFFB9FFC0FCAB40877FCEF858" box="[872,956,1939,1965]" country="Brazil" name="Amapa" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Amapá</collectingRegion>
, Pará,
<collectingRegion id="B504F81AFFB9FFC0FBC940877813F858" box="[1034,1121,1939,1965]" country="Brazil" name="Paraiba" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Paraíba</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="B504F81AFFB9FFC0FBAE408778C3F858" box="[1133,1201,1939,1965]" country="Brazil" name="Bahia" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Bahia</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="B504F81AFFB9FFC0FB7D40877914F858" box="[1214,1382,1939,1965]" country="Brazil" name="Rio de Janeiro" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Rio de Janeiro</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="B504F81AFFB9FFC0FAB140877CA8F824" country="Brazil" name="Sao Paulo" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">São Paulo</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="B504F81AFFB9FFC0FF2540A37D47F824" box="[230,309,1975,2001]" country="Brazil" name="Parana" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Paraná</collectingRegion>
, Santa Catarina (
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FFB9FFC0FE3740A37EEAF824" author="Rathbun, R." box="[500,664,1975,2001]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="139 - 158" refId="ref61517" refString="Rathbun, R. (1879) A list of the Brazilian echinoderms, with notes on their distribution. Transactions of the Connecticut Academy of Arts and Sciences, 5 (3), 139 - 158. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 16126" type="journal article" year="1879">Rathbun 1879</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FFB9FFC0FD6740A37F17F824" author="Bernasconi, I." box="[676,869,1975,2001]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="1 - 20" refId="ref50276" refString="Bernasconi, I. (1943) Los Asteroideos sulamericanos de la familia Luidiidae. Anales del Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales, 7, 1 - 20." type="journal article" year="1943">Bernasconi 1943</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FFB9FFC0FCB240A37869F824" author="Tommasi, L. R." box="[881,1051,1974,2001]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="1 - 27" refId="ref63273" refString="Tommasi, L. R. (1958) Os equinodermos do litoral de Sao Paulo. II. Diadematidae, Schizasteridae, Brissidae, Cidaroidea (Echinoidea) e Asteroidea do Bentos Costeiro. Contribuicoes avulsas do Instituto Oceanografico, 2, 1 - 27, 6 pls." type="journal article" year="1958">Tommasi 1958</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FFB9FFC0FBE440A37810F824" author="Tommasi, L. R." box="[1063,1122,1975,2001]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="1 - 61" refId="ref63359" refString="Tommasi, L. R. (1970) Lista dos asteroides recentes do Brasil. Contribuicoes Avulsas do Instituto Oceanografico, Universidade de Sao Paulo, 18, 1 - 61, 38 pls." type="journal article" year="1970">1970</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FFB9FFC0FBAD40A37898F824" author="Brito, I. M." box="[1134,1258,1975,2001]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="1 - 13" refId="ref51138" refString="Brito, I. M. (1960) Asteroides dos estados do Rio de Janeiro e de Sao Paulo. Universidade do Brasil, Faculdade Nacional de Filosofia, Centro de Estudos Zoologicos, 5, 1 - 13." type="journal article" year="1960">Brito 1960</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FFB9FFC0FB3540A37943F824" author="Brito, I. M." box="[1270,1329,1975,2001]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="1 - 51" refId="ref51216" refString="Brito, I. M. (1968) Asteroiides e equinoiides do Estado da Guanabara e adjace ˆ ncias. Boletim do Museu Nacional, 260, 1 - 51." type="journal article" year="1968">1968</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FFB9FFC0FAFE40A37CA0F800" author="Downey, M. E." pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="1 - 158" refId="ref54261" refString="Downey, M. E. (1973) Starfishes from the Caribbean and the Gulf of Mexico. Smithsonian Contributions Zoology, 126, 1 - 158. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00810282.126" type="journal article" year="1973">Downey 1973</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FFB9FFC0FF1C40CF7DD5F800" author="Walenkamp" box="[223,423,2011,2037]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="1 - 91" refId="ref65071" refString="Walenkamp. J. H. C. (1976) The asteroids of the coastal waters of Surinam. Zoologische Verhandelingen, 147, 1 - 91, 18 pls." type="journal article" year="1976">Walenkamp 1976</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FFB9FFC0FE7640CF7D82F800" author="Walenkamp, J. H. C." box="[437,496,2011,2037]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="1 - 97" refId="ref65103" refString="Walenkamp, J. H. C. (1979) Asteroidea (Echinodermata) from the Guyana shelf. Zoologische Verhandelingen, 170, 1 - 97." type="journal article" year="1979">1979</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FFB9FFC0FE3E40CF7F76F800" author="Clark, A. M. &amp; Downey, M. E." box="[509,772,2011,2037]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" refId="ref52515" refString="Clark, A. M. &amp; Downey, M. E. (1992) Starfishes of the Atlantic. Chapman and Hall, London, 794 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5860 / choice. 30 - 2659" type="book" year="1992">Clark &amp; Downey 1992</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FFB9FFC0FCD240CF7F83F800" author="Hendler, G. &amp; Muller, J. E. &amp; Pawson, D. L. &amp; Kier, P. M." box="[785,1009,2010,2037]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" refId="ref56324" refString="Hendler, G., Muller, J. E., Pawson, D. L. &amp; Kier, P. M. (1995) Sea Stars, Sea Urchins and Allies: Echinoderms of Florida and the Caribbean. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, 390 pp." type="book" year="1995">
Hendler
<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFFB9FFC0FCB740CF7FD5F800" box="[884,935,2011,2037]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">et al</emphasis>
. 1995
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FFB9FFC0FC3D40CF7920F800" author="Benavides-Serrato, M. &amp; Borrero-Perez, G. H. &amp; Navas, G. R. &amp; Solano, O. D." box="[1022,1362,2010,2037]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="171 - 194" refId="ref50142" refString="Benavides-Serrato, M., Borrero-Perez, G. H., Navas, G. R. &amp; Solano, O. D. (2005) Listado taxonomico de los asteroideos (Echinodermata: Asteroidea) de la plataforma y el talud superior del caribe colombiano. Revista de Biologia Tropical, 53 (13), 171 - 194." type="journal article" year="2005">
Benavides-Serrato
<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFFB9FFC0FB1640CF797AF800" box="[1237,1288,2011,2037]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">et al</emphasis>
. 2005
</bibRefCitation>
; Mag- alhães
<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFFB8FFC1FF2647837D65FF44" box="[229,279,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">et al</emphasis>
. 2005;
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FFB8FFC1FEAF47837E2AFF44" author="Alvarado, J. J. &amp; Solis-Marin, F. A. &amp; Ahearn, C." box="[364,600,151,177]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="37 - 55" refId="ref49193" refString="Alvarado, J. J., Solis-Marin, F. A. &amp; Ahearn, C. (2008) Equinodermos (Echinodermata) del Caribe Centroamericano. Revista de Biologia Tropical, 56, 37 - 55." type="journal article" year="2008">
Alvarado
<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFFB8FFC1FE1F47837E7CFF44" box="[476,526,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">et al</emphasis>
. 2008
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FFB8FFC1FDA747837F46FF44" author="Manso, C. L. C. &amp; Alves, O. F. S. &amp; Martins, L. R." box="[612,820,151,177]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="179 - 196" refId="ref58661" refString="Manso, C. L. C., Alves, O. F. S. &amp; Martins, L. R. (2008) Echinodermata da Baia de Todos os Santos e da Baia de Aratu (Bahia, Brasil). Biota Neotropica, 8 (3), 179 - 196. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / S 1676 - 06032008000300017" type="journal article" year="2008">
Manso
<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFFB8FFC1FD7B47837E98FF44" box="[696,746,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">et al</emphasis>
. 2008
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FFB8FFC1FC8247837825FF44" author="Lima, E. J. B. &amp; Fernandes, M. L. B." box="[833,1111,151,177]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="55 - 63" refId="ref57422" refString="Lima, E. J. B. &amp; Fernandes, M. L. B. (2009) Diversidade de equinodermos (Echinodermata) no estado de Pernambuco (Brasil). Revista Brasileira de Zoociencias, 11, 55 - 63." type="journal article" year="2009">Lima &amp; Fernandes 2009</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FFB8FFC1FBA747837886FF44" author="Xavier, L. A. R." box="[1124,1268,151,177]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="73 - 78" refId="ref65413" refString="Xavier, L. A. R. (2010) Inventario dos equinodermos do Estado de Santa Catarina, Brasil. Brazilian Journal of Aquatic Science and Technology, 14, 73 - 78. https: // doi. org / 10.14210 / bjast. v 14 n 2. p 73 - 78" type="journal article" year="2010">Xavier 2010</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FFB8FFC1FAC347837CA1FF20" author="Gondim, A. &amp; Christoffersen, M. &amp; Dias, T." pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="1 - 56" refId="ref55654" refString="Gondim, A., Christoffersen, M. &amp; Dias, T. (2014) Taxonomic guide and historical review of starfishes in northeastern Brazil (Echinodermata, Asteroidea). ZooKeys, 449, 1 - 56. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 449.6813" type="journal article" year="2014">
Gondim
<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFFB8FFC1FAA0478379E7FF44" box="[1379,1429,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">et al</emphasis>
. 2014
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FFB8FFC1FF1D47AF7DDAFF20" author="Bueno, M. L. &amp; Alitto, R. A. S. &amp; Guilherme P. D. B. &amp; Domenico, M. D. &amp; Borges, M." box="[222,424,187,213]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="169 - 237" refId="ref51280" refString="Bueno, M. L., Alitto, R. A. S., Guilherme P. D. B., Domenico, M. D. &amp; Borges, M. (2018) Guia ilustrado dos Echinodermata da porcao sul do Embaiamento Sul Brasileiro. Pesquisa e Ensino em Ciencias Exatas e da Natureza, 2 (2), 169 - 237. https: // doi. org / 10.29215 / pecen. v 2 i 2.1071" type="journal article" year="2018">
Bueno
<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFFB8FFC1FEED47AF7D2DFF20" box="[302,351,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">et al</emphasis>
. 2018
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FFB8FFC1FE7747AF7E27FF20" author="Miranda, A. P. S." box="[436,597,187,213]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" refId="ref59457" refString="Miranda, A. P. S. (2018) Diversidade e distribuicao de equinodermos da Plataforma Continental Amazonica. Unpublished Honors Thesis, Universidade Federal do Para, Belem, 62 pp." type="book" year="2018">Miranda 2018</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FFB8FFC1FDA347AF7F27FF20" author="Torres, V. S. &amp; Torres, F. S. S." box="[608,853,187,213]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="408 - 422" refId="ref63583" refString="Torres, V. S. &amp; Torres, F. S. S. (2019) Inventario preliminar dos invertebrados marinhos observados na praia da Pinheira, Palhoca, SC, Brasil. UNISANTA Bioscience, 8 (4), 408 - 422." type="journal article" year="2019">Torres &amp; Torres 2019</bibRefCitation>
).
<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFFB8FFC1FCAB47AF7FCAFF20" bold="true" box="[872,952,187,213]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Depth.</emphasis>
<quantity id="B0389B1DFFB8FFC1FC7C47AE7850FF20" box="[959,1058,186,213]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.75" metricValueMax="17.5" metricValueMin="0.0" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="m" value="87.5" valueMax="175.0" valueMin="0.0">0–175 m</quantity>
(
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FFB8FFC1FBF347AF7944FF20" author="Clark, A. M. &amp; Downey, M. E." box="[1072,1334,187,213]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" refId="ref52515" refString="Clark, A. M. &amp; Downey, M. E. (1992) Starfishes of the Atlantic. Chapman and Hall, London, 794 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5860 / choice. 30 - 2659" type="book" year="1992">Clark &amp; Downey 1992</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="777F36F8FFB8FFC1FF0447CA7D9AFE00" blockId="21.[151,1437,150,645]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFFB8FFC1FF0447CA7DF8FF0C" bold="true" box="[199,394,222,249]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Biological notes.</emphasis>
The specimen described here was found on a silty soft bottom environment, just outside Todos os Santos Bay; additional specimens have been found in sandy and muddy sediments inside of the Bay.
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FFB8FFC1FA8146177D50FEB4" author="Hendler, G. &amp; Muller, J. E. &amp; Pawson, D. L. &amp; Kier, P. M." pageId="21" pageNumber="22" refId="ref56324" refString="Hendler, G., Muller, J. E., Pawson, D. L. &amp; Kier, P. M. (1995) Sea Stars, Sea Urchins and Allies: Echinoderms of Florida and the Caribbean. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, 390 pp." type="book" year="1995">
Hendler
<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFFB8FFC1FF5446337CA2FEB4" box="[151,208,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">et al.</emphasis>
(1995)
</bibRefCitation>
also reported
<taxonomicName id="B0C04D7BFFB8FFC1FE0646337E38FEB4" baseAuthorityName="Say" baseAuthorityYear="1825" box="[453,586,295,321]" class="Asteroidea" family="Luidiidae" genus="Luidia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Paxillosida" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="clathrata">
<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFFB8FFC1FE0646337E38FEB4" box="[453,586,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">L. clathrata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
’s preference for protected environments with fine sediments, sometimes in estuarine conditions. This species has a generalized diet, feeding on foraminifera and small to medium-sized invertebrates, including polychaetes, crustaceans and ophiuroids (
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FFB8FFC1FCAA467B782CFE7C" author="Lawrence, J. M. &amp; Erwin, K. &amp; Turner, R. L." box="[873,1118,367,393]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="8" refId="ref57224" refString="Lawrence, J. M., Erwin, K. &amp; Turner, R. L. (1974) Stomach contents of Luidia clathrata (Asteroidea). Florida Scientist, 37, 8." type="journal article" year="1974">
Lawrence
<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFFB8FFC1FC22467B7866FE7C" box="[993,1044,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">et al</emphasis>
. 1974
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FFB8FFC1FBA8467B79E5FE7C" author="Pechaszadeh, P. E. &amp; Lera, M. E." box="[1131,1431,367,393]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="1 - 6" refId="ref60777" refString="Pechaszadeh, P. E. &amp; Lera, M. E. (1983) Alimentacion de tres especies tropicles de Luidia (Echinodermata: Asteroidea) en Golfo Triste, Venezuela. Caribbean Journal of Science, 19, 1 - 6." type="journal article" year="1983">Pechaszadeh &amp; Lera 1983</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FFB8FFC1FF5446877D06FE58" author="Tararam, A. S. &amp; Wakabara, Y. &amp; Equi, M. B." box="[151,372,403,429]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="159 - 167" refId="ref63225" refString="Tararam, A. S., Wakabara, Y. &amp; Equi, M. B. (1993) Habitos alimentares de onze especies de megafauna bentica da plataforma continental de Ubatuba, SP. Publicacao Especial Instituto Oceanografico, 10, 159 - 167." type="journal article" year="1993">
Tararam
<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFFB8FFC1FF3846877D59FE58" box="[251,299,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">et al</emphasis>
. 1993
</bibRefCitation>
), but
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FFB8FFC1FE7146877EA1FE58" author="Schwartz, F. J. &amp; Porter, H. J." box="[434,723,403,429]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="427 - 446" refId="ref62223" refString="Schwartz, F. J. &amp; Porter, H. J. 1977. Fishes, macroinvertebrates, and their ecological interrelationships with a calico scallop bed off North Carolina. Fishery Bulletin, 75 (2), 427 - 446." type="journal article" year="1977">Schwartz &amp; Porter (1977)</bibRefCitation>
reported a strong preference for scallops in
<collectingRegion id="B504F81AFFB8FFC1FB7D46877918FE58" box="[1214,1386,403,429]" country="United States of America" name="North Carolina" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">North Carolina</collectingRegion>
. Caribbean populations of
<taxonomicName id="B0C04D7BFFB8FFC1FE5946A37E6DFE24" baseAuthorityName="Say" baseAuthorityYear="1825" box="[410,543,439,465]" class="Asteroidea" family="Luidiidae" genus="Luidia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Paxillosida" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="clathrata">
<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFFB8FFC1FE5946A37E6DFE24" box="[410,543,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">L. clathrata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have seasonal reproduction (
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FFB8FFC1FCA646A37865FE24" author="Lawrence, J. M." box="[869,1047,439,465]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="263 - 274" refId="ref57091" refString="Lawrence, J. M. (1973) Level, content, and caloric equivalents of the lipid, carbohydrate, and protein in the body components of Luidia clathrata (Echinodermata: Asteroidea: Platyasterida) in Tampa Bay. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 11, 263 - 274. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / 0022 - 0981 (73) 90026 - 9" type="journal article" year="1973">Lawrence 1973</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FFB8FFC1FBE046A378DCFE24" author="Dehn, P. F." box="[1059,1198,439,465]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" refId="ref53792" refString="Dehn, P. F. (1980 a) Growth and reproduction in Luidia clathrata (Say) (Echinodermata: Asteroidea). Unpublished PhD Dissertation, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, 183 pp." type="book" year="1980">Dehn 1980a</bibRefCitation>
, b; Watt &amp; Lawrence 1990;
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FFB8FFC1FF1D46CF7DAFFE00" author="Pomory, C. M. &amp; Lares, M. T." box="[222,477,475,501]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="211 - 230" refId="ref61250" refString="Pomory, C. M. &amp; Lares, M. T. (2000) Rate of regeneration of two arms in the field and its effect on body components in Luidia clathrata. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 254, 211 - 230. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / S 0022 - 0981 (00) 00281 - 1" type="journal article" year="2000">
Pomory &amp;
<collectingRegion id="B504F81AFFB8FFC1FE9946CF7DEAFE00" box="[346,408,475,501]" country="Puerto Rico" name="Lares" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Lares</collectingRegion>
2000
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="777F36F8FFB8FFC1FF0446EB7FA5FDC8" blockId="21.[151,1437,150,645]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<taxonomicName id="B0C04D7BFFB8FFC1FF0446EB7D0CFDEC" baseAuthorityName="Say" baseAuthorityYear="1825" box="[199,382,511,537]" class="Asteroidea" family="Luidiidae" genus="Luidia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Paxillosida" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="clathrata">
<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFFB8FFC1FF0446EB7D0CFDEC" box="[199,382,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Luidia clathrata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is classified as “Least Concern” by the Ministry of the Environment (
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FFB8FFC1FB4846EB7967FDEC" author="MMA &amp; Ministerio do Meio Ambiente" box="[1163,1301,511,537]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" refId="ref59554" refString="MMA (Ministerio do Meio Ambiente) (2018) Livro Vermelho da Fauna Brasileira Ameacada de Extincao: Invertebrados. IC- MBio / MMA, Brasilia, 727 pp." type="book" year="2018">MMA 2018</bibRefCitation>
). According to
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FFB8FFC1FF7745377DB4FDC8" author="Gurjao, L. M. &amp; Lotufo, T. M. C." box="[180,454,547,573]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="20170387" refId="ref56095" refString="Gurjao, L. M. &amp; Lotufo, T. M. C. (2018) Native species exploited by marine aquarium trade in Brazil. Biota Neotropica, 18 (3), e 20170387. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / 1676 - 0611 - bn- 2017 - 0387" type="journal article" year="2018">Gurjão &amp; Lotufo (2018)</bibRefCitation>
, its harvesting in
<collectingCountry id="0FD77668FFB8FFC1FD4845377EBDFDC8" box="[651,719,547,573]" name="Brazil" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Brazil</collectingCountry>
is currently prohibited.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="777F36F8FFB8FFC1FF044553790DFD94" blockId="21.[151,1437,150,645]" box="[199,1407,582,609]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFFB8FFC1FF0445537D42FD94" bold="true" box="[199,304,583,609]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<typeStatus id="A87B885AFFB8FFC1FF0445537D59FD94" box="[199,299,583,609]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="neotype">Neotype</typeStatus>
.
</emphasis>
NMNH 8507, designated by
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FFB8FFC1FDB845537FE2FD94" author="Hopkins, T. S. &amp; Knott, K. E." box="[635,912,583,609]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="207 - 212" refId="ref56463" refString="Hopkins, T. S. &amp; Knott, K. E. (2010) The establishment of a neotype for Luidia clathrata (Say, 1825) and a new species within the genus Luidia (Asteroidea: Paxillosida: Luidiidae). In: Harris, L. G., Bottger, S. A., Walker, C. W. &amp; Lesser, M. P. (Eds.), Proceedings of the 12 th International Echinoderm Conference, 7 - 11 August 2006, Durham, New Hampshire. Taylor &amp; Francis Group, London, pp. 207 - 212. https: // doi. org / 10.1201 / 9780203869543 - c 32" type="book chapter" year="2010">Hopkins &amp; Knott (2010)</bibRefCitation>
because the
<typeStatus id="A87B885AFFB8FFC1FBDC455378F3FD94" box="[1055,1153,583,609]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
has never been found.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="3FDA6573FFB8FFC1FF04457F7EE8FD70" box="[199,666,618,645]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="777F36F8FFB8FFC1FF04457F7EE8FD70" blockId="21.[151,1437,150,645]" box="[199,666,618,645]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFFB8FFC1FF04457F7D14FD71" bold="true" box="[199,358,618,645]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Type locality.</emphasis>
Cape Hatteras, NC,
<collectingCountry id="0FD77668FFB8FFC1FD8E457F7EE8FD70" box="[589,666,619,645]" name="United States of America" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">U.S.A.</collectingCountry>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="23BF6670FFB8FFC1FF54418C7E8AF921" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4691104" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4691104" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4691104/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" startId="21.[151,250,1688,1712]" targetBox="[151,1435,669,1665]" targetPageId="21">
<paragraph id="777F36F8FFB8FFC1FF54418C7E8AF921" blockId="21.[151,1437,1688,1749]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFFB8FFC1FF54418C7D60F945" bold="true" box="[151,274,1688,1712]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">FIGURE 9.</emphasis>
Specimen (R 57 mm) of
<taxonomicName id="B0C04D7BFFB8FFC1FDD1418D7F42F945" authority="(Say, 1825)" baseAuthorityName="Say" baseAuthorityYear="1825" box="[530,816,1688,1713]" class="Asteroidea" family="Luidiidae" genus="Luidia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Paxillosida" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="clathrata">
<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFFB8FFC1FDD1418D7EC5F944" box="[530,695,1689,1713]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Luidia clathrata</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FFB8FFC1FD07418D7F58F945" author="Say, T." box="[708,810,1688,1713]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="151 - 154" refId="ref62181" refString="Say, T. (1825) On the species of the Linnaean genus Asterias inhabiting the coast of the United States. Journal of the Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, 1 (5), 151 - 154." type="journal article" year="1825">Say, 1825</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
(UFBA 330): (A) abactinal and (B) actinal view of body; (C) cross section of the arm. Scale bars: A–B, 10 mm; C, 2 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="3FDA6573FFB8FFC2FF0440177E18FF44" lastPageId="22" lastPageNumber="23" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="777F36F8FFB8FFC2FF0440177E18FF44" blockId="21.[151,1437,1795,2037]" lastBlockId="22.[151,618,151,177]" lastPageId="22" lastPageNumber="23" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFFB8FFC1FF0440177D49F8E8" bold="true" box="[199,315,1795,1821]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Remarks.</emphasis>
The specimen described differs from the
<typeStatus id="A87B885AFFB8FFC1FCDB40177F03F8E8" box="[792,881,1795,1821]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
by having two inferomarginal spines (vs. 3) and 3–7 granules in central region of paxillae (vs. 7–11).
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FFB8FFC1FD3140337FB8F8B7" author="Walenkamp" box="[754,970,1831,1858]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="1 - 91" refId="ref65071" refString="Walenkamp. J. H. C. (1976) The asteroids of the coastal waters of Surinam. Zoologische Verhandelingen, 147, 1 - 91, 18 pls." type="journal article" year="1976">Walenkamp (1976)</bibRefCitation>
reported that ontogenetic changes in this species include an increase in the number of large lateral spines (
<quantity id="B0389B1DFFB8FFC1FC47405F7FBFF890" box="[900,973,1867,1893]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.81" metricValueMax="5.08" metricValueMin="2.54" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="in" value="1.5" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.0">1–2 in</quantity>
smaller specimens;
<quantity id="B0389B1DFFB8FFC1FB74405F7896F890" box="[1207,1252,1867,1893]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.62" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="in" value="3.0">3 in</quantity>
adults), and the drawing of
<taxonomicName id="B0C04D7BFFB8FFC1FEDB40647DE7F87C" box="[280,405,1903,1929]" class="Asteroidea" family="Luidiidae" genus="Luidia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Paxillosida" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="clathara">
<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFFB8FFC1FEDB40647DE7F87C" box="[280,405,1903,1929]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">L. clathara</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
’s paxilla in
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FFB8FFC1FDDC407B7F59F87C" author="Clark, A. M. &amp; Downey, M. E." box="[543,811,1903,1929]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" refId="ref52515" refString="Clark, A. M. &amp; Downey, M. E. (1992) Starfishes of the Atlantic. Chapman and Hall, London, 794 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5860 / choice. 30 - 2659" type="book" year="1992">Clark &amp; Downey (1992</bibRefCitation>
, fig.
<quantity id="B0389B1DFFB8FFC1FCA7407B7FF3F87F" box="[868,897,1903,1930]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="6.0" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="g" value="6.0">6g</quantity>
) indicates that larger specimens have more than 10 central granules (not quantified, but described as being numerous). Also, the specimens analyzed by
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FFB8FFC1FAE640877D7AF824" author="Gondim, A. &amp; Christoffersen, M. &amp; Dias, T." pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="1 - 56" refId="ref55654" refString="Gondim, A., Christoffersen, M. &amp; Dias, T. (2014) Taxonomic guide and historical review of starfishes in northeastern Brazil (Echinodermata, Asteroidea). ZooKeys, 449, 1 - 56. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 449.6813" type="journal article" year="2014">
Gondim
<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFFB8FFC1FA4B40807CDFF824" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">et al</emphasis>
. (2014)
</bibRefCitation>
, measuring
<quantity id="B0389B1DFFB8FFC1FE4C40A37E7AF824" box="[399,520,1975,2001]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.4" metricValueMax="4.2" metricValueMin="2.6" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="mm" value="34.0" valueMax="42.0" valueMin="26.0">26–42 mm</quantity>
R (R/r 6.32–6.48), have two inferomarginal spines and 1–6 granules. Adults of
<taxonomicName id="B0C04D7BFFB8FFC1FA4540AC7C84F800" class="Asteroidea" family="Luidiidae" genus="Luidia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Paxillosida" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="clathara">
<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFFB8FFC1FA4540AC7C84F800" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">L. clathara</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
may reach
<quantity id="B0389B1DFFB8FFC1FEB840CF7DABF800" box="[379,473,2011,2037]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="mm" value="160.0">160 mm</quantity>
of R and the average R/r for adults is between 7–8. According to H.L.
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FFB8FFC1FAC740CF79E5F800" author="Clark, H. L." box="[1284,1431,2011,2037]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="1 - 147" refId="ref52897" refString="Clark, H. L. (1933) A handbook of the littoral echinoderms of Porto Rico and the other West Indian Islands. Scientific Survey of Puerto Rico, 16, 1 - 147." type="journal article" year="1933">Clark (1933)</bibRefCitation>
, adult specimens have R
<quantity id="B0389B1DFFBBFFC2FE6447837E76FF44" box="[423,516,151,177]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" unit="mm" value="100.0">100 mm</quantity>
or more.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
Reference in a new issue View git blame Copy permalink