559 lines
80 KiB
XML
559 lines
80 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="914580B592DD8289A6EC98F6FB03B7C8">Taxonomy of the sea stars (Echinodermata: Asteroidea) from Bahia State, including ontogenetic variation and an illustrated key to the Brazilian species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="6307F5B294E3D1F4792CA164C4C0282F">Cunha, Rosana</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="E069B00126B823CE49A1ADFFC84114CA">Martins, Luciana</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="23595134FC0360BC9E521C660B320BFA">Menegola, Carla</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="CAA5B3FE5DC1CBAEE3624CF1D4B0E01E">Souto, Camilla</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="FF6987EEFFA3FFC5FF5443937EC4FD38" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4701406" ID-GBIF-Taxon="181198534" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4701406" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FF6987EEFFA3FFC5FF5443937EC4FD38" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/FF6987EEFFA3FFC5FF5443937EC4FD38" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="18" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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<subSubSection id="3FDA6573FFA3FFDAFF5443937E3BFB55" box="[151,585,1158,1185]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="777F36F8FFA3FFDAFF5443937E3BFB55" blockId="14.[151,585,1158,1221]" box="[151,585,1158,1185]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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<heading id="2C378194FFA3FFDAFF5443937E3BFB55" bold="true" box="[151,585,1158,1185]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" reason="4">
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<taxonomicName id="B0C04D7BFFA3FFDAFF5443937E3BFB55" ID-CoL="J4VN" ID-ENA="563627" authority="Gray, 1840" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1840" box="[151,585,1158,1185]" class="Asteroidea" family="Astropectinidae" genus="Astropecten" kingdom="Animalia" order="Paxillosida" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="marginatus">
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<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFFA3FFDAFF5443937E3BFB55" bold="true" box="[151,585,1158,1185]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFFA3FFDAFF5443937DCBFB54" bold="true" box="[151,441,1159,1185]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Astropecten marginatus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FFA3FFDAFE0343927E3BFB55" author="Gray, J. E." box="[448,585,1158,1184]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="175 - 184" refId="ref55826" refString="Gray, J. E. (1840) A synopsis of the genera and species of the class Hypostoma (Asterias Linnaeus). Annals of the Magazine of Natural History, Series 1, 6 (37), 175 - 184 + 275 - 290. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 03745484009443296" type="journal article" year="1840">Gray, 1840</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="3FDA6573FFA3FFDAFF5443BF7D6EFB30" box="[151,284,1195,1221]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="description">
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<paragraph id="777F36F8FFA3FFDAFF5443BF7D6EFB30" blockId="14.[151,585,1158,1221]" box="[151,284,1195,1221]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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<figureCitation id="EFFB2A7DFFA3FFDAFF5443BF7D6EFB30" box="[151,284,1195,1221]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 6" captionStart-1="FIGURE 7" captionStartId-0="15.[151,250,1342,1366]" captionStartId-1="16.[151,250,1885,1909]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1436,525,1319]" captionTargetBox-1="[205,1382,181,1861]" captionTargetId-0="figure-167@15.[151,1436,525,1319]" captionTargetId-1="figure-25@16.[205,1382,181,1861]" captionTargetPageId-0="15" captionTargetPageId-1="16" captionText-0="FIGURE 6. Astropecten marginatus Gray, 1840. (A) Specimen in situ (not collected; photo credit: Cláudio Sampaio). Specimen (R 50 mm) (MZUSP 2100): (B) abactinal and (C) actinal view of body; (D) proximal paxillae; (E) madreporite; (F) oral region; (G) abactinal view of inferomarginal fringe spines (proximal region to the right); (H) terminal region of the arm showing terminal plate; (I) second row of inferomarginal spines, actinal view (proximal region to the right); (J) actinal view of inferomarginal plates; and (K) ambulacral furrow (proximal region on the right). Scale bars: B–C, 20 mm; D–J, 1 mm; K, 2 mm." captionText-1="FIGURE 7. Specimen (R 20 mm) of Astropecten marginatus Gray, 1840 (MZUSP 2100): (A) abactinal and (B) actinal view of body; (C) proximal paxillae; (D) madreporite; (E) ambulacral furrow (proximal region on the right); (F) actinal view of inferomarginal plates (proximal region to the left); (G) terminal region of the arm showing terminal plate; and (H) oral region. Scale bars: A–B, 10 mm; C–H, 1 mm." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4691094" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4691098" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/4691094/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/4691098/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Figures 6–7</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="3FDA6573FFA3FFDAFF5443FB7E4BFA2B" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="777F36F8FFA3FFDAFF5443FB7E4BFAF2" blockId="14.[151,1437,1263,1502]" box="[151,569,1263,1287]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="57D011D6FFA3FFDAFF5443FB7E4BFAF2" box="[151,569,1263,1287]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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<treatmentCitation id="F66110E9FFA3FFDAFF5443FB7E47FAF2" author="Gray, J. E." box="[151,565,1263,1287]" page="181" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" year="1840">
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<taxonomicName id="B0C04D7BFFA3FFDAFF5443FB7E47FAF2" ID-CoL="J4VN" authority="Gray, 1840: 181" authorityName="Gray" authorityPageNumber="181" authorityYear="1840" box="[151,565,1263,1287]" class="Asteroidea" family="Astropectinidae" genus="Astropecten" kingdom="Animalia" order="Paxillosida" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="marginatus">
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<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFFA3FFDAFF5443FB7DFAFAF2" box="[151,392,1263,1287]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Astropecten marginatus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FFA3FFDAFE4D43FB7E47FAF2" author="Gray, J. E." box="[398,565,1263,1287]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="175 - 184" refId="ref55826" refString="Gray, J. E. (1840) A synopsis of the genera and species of the class Hypostoma (Asterias Linnaeus). Annals of the Magazine of Natural History, Series 1, 6 (37), 175 - 184 + 275 - 290. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 03745484009443296" type="journal article" year="1840">Gray, 1840: 181</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
.
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="777F36F8FFA3FFDAFF54421A7D53FA4A" blockId="14.[151,1437,1263,1502]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="57D011D6FFA3FFDAFF54421A7D53FA4A" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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<taxonomicName id="B0C04D7BFFA3FFDAFF54421A7DF5FAD0" ID-CoL="J4VN" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1840" box="[151,391,1294,1317]" class="Asteroidea" family="Astropectinidae" genus="Astropecten" kingdom="Animalia" order="Paxillosida" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="marginatus">
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<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFFA3FFDAFF54421A7DF5FAD0" box="[151,391,1294,1317]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Astropecten marginatus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
—
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<treatmentCitation id="F66110E9FFA3FFDAFE61421A7E5BFAD3" author="Brito, I. M." box="[418,553,1294,1318]" page="3" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" year="1962">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FFA3FFDAFE61421A7E5BFAD3" author="Brito, I. M." box="[418,553,1294,1318]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="1 - 10" refId="ref51179" refString="Brito, I. M. (1962) Ensaio de catailogo dos equinodermas do Brasil. Universidade do Brasil, Faculdade Nacional de Filosofia, Centro de Estudos Zooloigicos, 13, 1 - 10." type="journal article" year="1962">Brito 1962: 3</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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||
;
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<treatmentCitation id="F66110E9FFA3FFDAFDF7421A7EF0FAD0" author="Brito, I. M." box="[564,642,1294,1318]" page="7" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" year="1968">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FFA3FFDAFDF7421A7EF0FAD0" author="Brito, I. M." box="[564,642,1294,1318]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="1 - 51" refId="ref51216" refString="Brito, I. M. (1968) Asteroiides e equinoiides do Estado da Guanabara e adjace ˆ ncias. Boletim do Museu Nacional, 260, 1 - 51." type="journal article" year="1968">1968: 7</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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, pl. 4, fig. 1;
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<treatmentCitation id="F66110E9FFA3FFDAFCC4421A7828FAD3" author="Nomura, H. & Fausto Filho, J." box="[775,1114,1294,1318]" page="19" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" year="1966">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FFA3FFDAFCC4421A7828FAD3" author="Nomura, H. & Fausto Filho, J." box="[775,1114,1294,1318]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="15 - 29" refId="ref59929" refString="Nomura, H. & Fausto Filho, J. (1966) Shrimp survey in coastal and offshore waters of northeastern Brazil. Arquivos da Estacao de Biologia Marinha da Universidade Federal do Ceara, 6, 15 - 29." type="journal article" year="1966">Nomura & Fausto Filho 1966: 19</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="F66110E9FFA3FFDAFBA7421A794FFAD3" author="Lima-Verde, J. S." box="[1124,1341,1294,1318]" page="11" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" year="1969">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FFA3FFDAFBA7421A794FFAD3" author="Lima-Verde, J. S." box="[1124,1341,1294,1318]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="9 - 13" refId="ref57515" refString="Lima-Verde, J. S. (1969) Primeira contribuicao ao inventario dos equinodermas do Nordeste brasileiro. Arquivos de Ciencias do Mar, 9 (1), 9 - 13." type="journal article" year="1969">Lima-Verde 1969: 11</bibRefCitation>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
; Carrera- Rodriguez & Tommasi 1977: 88–89; Tommasi
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<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFFA3FFDAFD6642397EA0FAB1" box="[677,722,1324,1348]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 1988: 5;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="F66110E9FFA3FFDAFCFB4238781DFAB0" author="Clark, A. M. & Downey, M. E." box="[824,1135,1324,1349]" page="41" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" year="1992">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FFA3FFDAFCFB4238781DFAB0" author="Clark, A. M. & Downey, M. E." box="[824,1135,1324,1349]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" refId="ref52515" refString="Clark, A. M. & Downey, M. E. (1992) Starfishes of the Atlantic. Chapman and Hall, London, 794 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5860 / choice. 30 - 2659" type="book" year="1992">Clark & Downey 1992: 41–42</bibRefCitation>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
, fig. 10e, pl. 11A–B;
|
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<treatmentCitation id="F66110E9FFA3FFDAFA8A42387D1BFA96" author="Gondim, A. & Lacouth, P. & Alonso, C. & Manso, C." page="155" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" year="2008">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FFA3FFDAFA8A42387D1BFA96" author="Gondim, A. & Lacouth, P. & Alonso, C. & Manso, C." pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="151 - 159" refId="ref55518" refString="Gondim, A., Lacouth, P., Alonso, C. & Manso, C. (2008) Echinodermata da praia do Cabo Branco, JoaTo Pessoa, Paraiiba, Brasil. Biota Neotropica, 8, 151 - 159. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / S 1676 - 06032008000200016" type="journal article" year="2008">
|
||
Gondim
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||
<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFFA3FFDAFF0442587C86FA96" box="[199,244,1355,1379]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2008: 155
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||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
; Ventura
|
||
<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFFA3FFDAFE0B42587D86FA96" box="[456,500,1355,1379]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2008: 177–178;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="F66110E9FFA3FFDAFD64425F7FB5FA96" author="Lima, E. J. B. & Fernandes, M. L. B." box="[679,967,1355,1379]" page="58" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" year="2009">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FFA3FFDAFD64425F7FB5FA96" author="Lima, E. J. B. & Fernandes, M. L. B." box="[679,967,1355,1379]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="55 - 63" refId="ref57422" refString="Lima, E. J. B. & Fernandes, M. L. B. (2009) Diversidade de equinodermos (Echinodermata) no estado de Pernambuco (Brasil). Revista Brasileira de Zoociencias, 11, 55 - 63." type="journal article" year="2009">
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||
<collectingRegion id="B504F81AFFA3FFDAFD64425F7EAEFA96" box="[679,732,1355,1379]" country="Peru" name="Lima" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Lima</collectingRegion>
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& Fernandes 2009: 58
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
; Magris & Deìstro 2010: 59;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="F66110E9FFA3FFDAFB32425F79EAFA96" author="Xavier, L. A. R." box="[1265,1432,1355,1379]" page="75" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" year="2010">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FFA3FFDAFB32425F79EAFA96" author="Xavier, L. A. R." box="[1265,1432,1355,1379]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="73 - 78" refId="ref65413" refString="Xavier, L. A. R. (2010) Inventario dos equinodermos do Estado de Santa Catarina, Brasil. Brazilian Journal of Aquatic Science and Technology, 14, 73 - 78. https: // doi. org / 10.14210 / bjast. v 14 n 2. p 73 - 78" type="journal article" year="2010">Xavier 2010: 75</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="F66110E9FFA3FFDAFF04427E7DACFA77" author="Gondim, A. & Christoffersen, M. & Dias, T." box="[199,478,1386,1410]" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/115140C96BCF5F0C3B61A513BDB0320A" page="22" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" year="2014">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FFA3FFDAFF04427E7DACFA77" author="Gondim, A. & Christoffersen, M. & Dias, T." box="[199,478,1386,1410]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="1 - 56" refId="ref55654" refString="Gondim, A., Christoffersen, M. & Dias, T. (2014) Taxonomic guide and historical review of starfishes in northeastern Brazil (Echinodermata, Asteroidea). ZooKeys, 449, 1 - 56. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 449.6813" type="journal article" year="2014">
|
||
Gondim
|
||
<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFFA3FFDAFEE2427F7D3DFA77" box="[289,335,1386,1410]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2014: 22–24
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, figs. 6a–e, 12b;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FFA3FFDAFD4D427E7FFEFA77" author="Guilherme, P. D. & Rosa, L. C." box="[654,908,1386,1410]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="59 - 68" refId="ref56027" refString="Guilherme, P. D. & Rosa, L. C. (2014) Seasonal variation in body size and diet of the sea star Astropecten marginatus (Paxillosida, Astropectinidae) off coast of Parana, Southern Brazil. Revista de Biologia Tropical, 62, 59 - 68. https: // doi. org / 10.15517 / rbt. v 62 i 1.7888" type="journal article" year="2014">Guilherme & Rosa 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FFA3FFDAFC55427E7805FA77" author="Fernandez, W. S. & Dias, G. M. & Majer, A. & Delboni, C. & Denadai, M. R. & Turra, A." box="[918,1143,1386,1410]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="141 - 149" refId="ref54644" refString="Fernandez, W. S., Dias, G. M., Majer, A., Delboni, C., Denadai, M. R. & Turra, A. (2017) Resource partitioning between sympatric starfish from tropical unconsolidated substrate: implications for coexistence and top-down control on benthic prey. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 196, 141 - 149. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ecss. 2017.06.039" type="journal article" year="2017">
|
||
Fernandez
|
||
<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFFA3FFDAFBC4427F7846FA77" box="[1031,1076,1386,1410]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2017
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="F66110E9FFA3FFDAFB41427E791CFA77" author="Bueno, M. L. & Alitto, R. A. S. & Guilherme P. D. B. & Domenico, M. D. & Borges, M." box="[1154,1390,1386,1410]" page="177" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" year="2018">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FFA3FFDAFB41427E791CFA77" author="Bueno, M. L. & Alitto, R. A. S. & Guilherme P. D. B. & Domenico, M. D. & Borges, M." box="[1154,1390,1386,1410]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="169 - 237" refId="ref51280" refString="Bueno, M. L., Alitto, R. A. S., Guilherme P. D. B., Domenico, M. D. & Borges, M. (2018) Guia ilustrado dos Echinodermata da porcao sul do Embaiamento Sul Brasileiro. Pesquisa e Ensino em Ciencias Exatas e da Natureza, 2 (2), 169 - 237. https: // doi. org / 10.29215 / pecen. v 2 i 2.1071" type="journal article" year="2018">
|
||
Bueno
|
||
<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFFA3FFDAFB08427F788BFA77" box="[1227,1273,1386,1410]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2018: 177
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, fig. 6;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="F66110E9FFA3FFDAFF21429C7D81FA54" author="Gurjao, L. M. & Lotufo, T. M. C." box="[226,499,1416,1441]" page="10" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" year="2018">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FFA3FFDAFF21429C7D81FA54" author="Gurjao, L. M. & Lotufo, T. M. C." box="[226,499,1416,1441]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="20170387" refId="ref56095" refString="Gurjao, L. M. & Lotufo, T. M. C. (2018) Native species exploited by marine aquarium trade in Brazil. Biota Neotropica, 18 (3), e 20170387. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / 1676 - 0611 - bn- 2017 - 0387" type="journal article" year="2018">Gurjão & Lotufo 2018: 10</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="F66110E9FFA3FFDAFE3C429C7ECAFA54" author="Miranda, A. P. S." box="[511,696,1416,1441]" page="14" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" year="2018">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FFA3FFDAFE3C429C7ECAFA54" author="Miranda, A. P. S." box="[511,696,1416,1441]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" refId="ref59457" refString="Miranda, A. P. S. (2018) Diversidade e distribuicao de equinodermos da Plataforma Continental Amazonica. Unpublished Honors Thesis, Universidade Federal do Para, Belem, 62 pp." type="book" year="2018">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="B504F81AFFA3FFDAFE3C429C7E27FA55" box="[511,597,1416,1440]" country="Venezuela" name="Miranda" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Miranda</collectingRegion>
|
||
2018: 14
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="F66110E9FFA3FFDAFD07429C7851FA54" author="Patrizzi, N. & Dobrovolski, R." box="[708,1059,1416,1441]" page="182" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" year="2018">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FFA3FFDAFD07429C7851FA54" author="Patrizzi, N. & Dobrovolski, R." box="[708,1059,1416,1441]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="177 - 188" refId="ref60302" refString="Patrizzi, N. & Dobrovolski, R. (2018) Integrating climate change and human impacts into marine spatial planning: a case study of threatened starfish species in Brazil. Ocean & Coastal Management, 161, 177 - 188. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ocecoaman. 2018.05.003" type="journal article" year="2018">Patrizzi & Dobrovolski 2018: 182</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="F66110E9FFA3FFDAFBED429D7933FA54" author="Torres, V. S. & Torres, F. S. S." box="[1070,1345,1417,1441]" page="412" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" year="2019">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FFA3FFDAFBED429D7933FA54" author="Torres, V. S. & Torres, F. S. S." box="[1070,1345,1417,1441]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="408 - 422" refId="ref63583" refString="Torres, V. S. & Torres, F. S. S. (2019) Inventario preliminar dos invertebrados marinhos observados na praia da Pinheira, Palhoca, SC, Brasil. UNISANTA Bioscience, 8 (4), 408 - 422." type="journal article" year="2019">Torres & Torres 2019: 412</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FFA3FFDAFA88429D7D6CFA4A" author="Turra, A. & Checon, H. H. & Fernandez, W. S. & Majer, A. P. & Delboni, C. G. & Denadai, M. R. & Dias, G. M." pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="128 - 138" refId="ref63684" refString="Turra, A., Checon, H. H., Fernandez, W. S., Majer, A. P., Delboni, C. G., Denadai, M. R. & Dias, G. M. (2019) The importance of embayed coastal areas for the life cycle of two sympatric starfish species (Echinodermata, Asteroidea). Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 219, 128 - 138. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ecss. 2019.01.028" type="journal article" year="2019">
|
||
Turra
|
||
<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFFA3FFDAFA49429D7CA9FA4A" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2019
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="777F36F8FFA3FFDAFF5442D27E4BFA2B" blockId="14.[151,1437,1263,1502]" box="[151,569,1478,1502]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="57D011D6FFA3FFDAFF5442D27E4BFA2B" box="[151,569,1478,1502]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B0C04D7BFFA3FFDAFF5442D27D1AFA2B" ID-CoL="J4X6" authorityName="Perrier" authorityYear="1875" box="[151,360,1478,1502]" class="Asteroidea" family="Astropectinidae" genus="Astropecten" kingdom="Animalia" order="Paxillosida" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="richardi">
|
||
<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFFA3FFDAFF5442D27D1AFA2B" box="[151,360,1478,1502]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Astropecten richardi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
—
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="F66110E9FFA3FFDAFE4242D27E47FA2B" author="Perrier, E." box="[385,565,1478,1502]" page="372" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" year="1875">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FFA3FFDAFE4242D27E47FA2B" author="Perrier, E." box="[385,565,1478,1502]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="265 - 450" refId="ref60945" refString="Perrier, E. (1875) Revision de la collection de stellerides du Museum d'Histoire Naturelle de Paris. Archives de Zoologie Experimentale et Generate, 4, 265 - 450." type="journal article" year="1875">Perrier 1875: 372</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="3FDA6573FFA3FFDAFF5441187C92F967" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="777F36F8FFA3FFDAFF5441187C92F967" blockId="14.[151,1437,1548,2043]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFFA3FFDAFF5441187D08F9D3" bold="true" box="[151,378,1548,1574]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Material examined</emphasis>
|
||
(21 specs,
|
||
<quantity id="B0389B1DFFA3FFDAFE3A41187E00F9D2" box="[505,626,1548,1575]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="mm" value="30.0" valueMax="50.0" valueMin="10.0">10–50 mm</quantity>
|
||
<collectionCode id="11D1AE3DFFA3FFDAFDBA41197EFDF9D2" box="[633,655,1549,1575]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">R</collectionCode>
|
||
).
|
||
<materialsCitation id="C7A83CA5FFA3FFDAFD6741187E3CF9BE" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3080394414" collectingDate="2010-11-16" collectionCode="R" country="Brazil" elevation="7" latitude="-16.25" location="Santa Cruz de Cabralia" longLatPrecision="1282" longitude="-38.966667" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Bahia">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="0FD77668FFA3FFDAFD6741187F7FF9D3" box="[676,781,1548,1574]" name="Brazil" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingRegion id="B504F81AFFA3FFDAFCD441187F29F9D3" box="[791,859,1548,1574]" country="Brazil" name="Bahia" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Bahia</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="721F6023FFA3FFDAFCA441187819F9D3" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FF6987EEFFA3FFC5FF5443937EC4FD38:721F6023FFA3FFDAFCA441187819F9D3" box="[871,1131,1548,1574]" country="Brazil" latitude="-16.25" longLatPrecision="1282" longitude="-38.966667" name="Santa Cruz de Cabralia" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" stateProvince="Bahia">Santa Cruz de Cabrália</location>
|
||
(16°14’–
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="12F4503FFFA3FFDAFB1941187947F9D2" box="[1242,1333,1548,1575]" degrees="16" direction="south" minutes="15" orientation="latitude" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" precision="925" value="-16.25">16°15’S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
; 38°00’–
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="12F4503FFFA3FFDAFF5441247C8EF9BE" box="[151,252,1584,1611]" degrees="38" direction="west" minutes="58" orientation="longitude" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" precision="925" value="-38.966667">38°58’W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
)—
|
||
<quantity id="B0389B1DFFA3FFDAFEE741247D3DF9BE" box="[292,335,1584,1611]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="m" value="7.0">
|
||
<elevation id="FCEDD1CBFFA3FFDAFEE741247D3DF9BE" box="[292,335,1584,1611]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="m" value="7.0">7 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="037E1038FFA3FFDAFE9941247DA1F9BF" box="[346,467,1584,1610]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="2010-11-16">
|
||
<collectingDate id="133AE9D0FFA3FFDAFE9941247DA1F9BF" box="[346,467,1584,1610]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="2010-11-16">16.xi.2010</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, 5 specs,
|
||
<collectionCode id="11D1AE3DFFA3FFDAFDF841257E3CF9BE" box="[571,590,1585,1611]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">R</collectionCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="C7A83CA5FFA3FFDAFD90412478C6F9BE" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3080394369" box="[595,1204,1584,1611]" collectingDate="2010-11-16" collectionCode="R" country="Brazil" elevation="6" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" specimenCode="MZUSP 2100" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<quantity id="B0389B1DFFA3FFDAFD9041247EB8F9BE" box="[595,714,1584,1611]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="1.1" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="mm" value="18.0" valueMax="25.0" valueMin="11.0">11–25 mm</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCode id="27669E83FFA3FFDAFD1441247F0AF9BF" box="[727,888,1584,1610]" collectionCode="MZUSP" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">MZUSP 2100</specimenCode>
|
||
);
|
||
<quantity id="B0389B1DFFA3FFDAFC4A41247FC7F9BE" box="[905,949,1584,1611]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="m" value="6.0">
|
||
<elevation id="FCEDD1CBFFA3FFDAFC4A41247FC7F9BE" box="[905,949,1584,1611]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="m" value="6.0">6 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="037E1038FFA3FFDAFC034124784BF9BF" box="[960,1081,1584,1610]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="2010-11-16">
|
||
<collectingDate id="133AE9D0FFA3FFDAFC034124784BF9BF" box="[960,1081,1584,1610]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="2010-11-16">16.xi.2010</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, 6 specs,
|
||
<collectionCode id="11D1AE3DFFA3FFDAFB62412578C6F9BE" box="[1185,1204,1585,1611]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">R</collectionCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="C7A83CA5FFA3FFDAFB7A41247E56F99A" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3080394408" collectingDate="2010-11-16" collectionCode="R" country="Brazil" elevation="7" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" specimenCode="MZUSP 2101" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<quantity id="B0389B1DFFA3FFDAFB7A41247943F9BE" box="[1209,1329,1584,1611]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" metricValueMax="2.8" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="mm" value="19.0" valueMax="28.0" valueMin="10.0">10–28 mm</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCode id="27669E83FFA3FFDAFAFD41247CA1F99B" collectionCode="MZUSP" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">MZUSP 2101</specimenCode>
|
||
);
|
||
<quantity id="B0389B1DFFA3FFDAFF2A41417D6AF99A" box="[233,280,1621,1647]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="m" value="7.0">
|
||
<elevation id="FCEDD1CBFFA3FFDAFF2A41417D6AF99A" box="[233,280,1621,1647]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="m" value="7.0">7 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="037E1038FFA3FFDAFEE541407DEDF99B" box="[294,415,1620,1646]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="2010-11-16">
|
||
<collectingDate id="133AE9D0FFA3FFDAFEE541407DEDF99B" box="[294,415,1620,1646]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="2010-11-16">16.xi.2010</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, 5 specs,
|
||
<collectionCode id="11D1AE3DFFA3FFDAFDD241417E56F99A" box="[529,548,1621,1647]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">R</collectionCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="C7A83CA5FFA3FFDAFDEF414078D9F99A" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3080394321" box="[556,1195,1620,1647]" collectingDate="2010-11-16" collectionCode="R" country="Brazil" elevation="6" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" specimenCode="MZUSP 2100" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<quantity id="B0389B1DFFA3FFDAFDEF41407ED5F99A" box="[556,679,1620,1647]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="mm" value="40.0" valueMax="50.0" valueMin="30.0">30–50 mm</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCode id="27669E83FFA3FFDAFD7441407F29F99B" box="[695,859,1620,1646]" collectionCode="MZUSP" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">MZUSP 2100</specimenCode>
|
||
);
|
||
<quantity id="B0389B1DFFA3FFDAFCB341407FEDF99A" box="[880,927,1620,1647]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="m" value="6.0">
|
||
<elevation id="FCEDD1CBFFA3FFDAFCB341407FEDF99A" box="[880,927,1620,1647]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="m" value="6.0">6 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="037E1038FFA3FFDAFC6E41407854F99B" box="[941,1062,1620,1646]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="2010-11-16">
|
||
<collectingDate id="133AE9D0FFA3FFDAFC6E41407854F99B" box="[941,1062,1620,1646]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="2010-11-16">16.xi.2010</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, 5 specs,
|
||
<collectionCode id="11D1AE3DFFA3FFDAFB5B414178D9F99A" box="[1176,1195,1621,1647]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">R</collectionCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="C7A83CA5FFA3FFDAFB7041407CAEF967" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3080394438" collectionCode="MZUSP" country="Brazil" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" specimenCode="MZUSP 2101" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<quantity id="B0389B1DFFA3FFDAFB704140795CF99A" box="[1203,1326,1620,1647]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="mm" value="35.0" valueMax="40.0" valueMin="30.0">30–40 mm</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCode id="27669E83FFA3FFDAFAFD41407CA1F967" collectionCode="MZUSP" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">MZUSP 2101</specimenCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="3FDA6573FFA3FFDBFF044188780FF983" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="16" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="777F36F8FFA3FFDBFF0441887E27FF0C" blockId="14.[151,1437,1548,2043]" lastBlockId="15.[151,1437,151,501]" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="16" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFFA3FFDAFF0441887E7FF943" bold="true" box="[199,525,1692,1718]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
Description (R
|
||
<quantity id="B0389B1DFFA3FFDAFE4341887E72F943" box="[384,512,1692,1718]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="mm" value="40.0" valueMax="50.0" valueMin="30.0">30–50 mm</quantity>
|
||
).
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Disc broad and flattened, arms short and flattened (
|
||
<figureCitation id="EFFB2A7DFFA3FFDAFB9D418878A9F942" box="[1118,1243,1692,1719]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1342,1366]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,525,1319]" captionTargetId="figure-167@15.[151,1436,525,1319]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 6. Astropecten marginatus Gray, 1840. (A) Specimen in situ (not collected; photo credit: Cláudio Sampaio). Specimen (R 50 mm) (MZUSP 2100): (B) abactinal and (C) actinal view of body; (D) proximal paxillae; (E) madreporite; (F) oral region; (G) abactinal view of inferomarginal fringe spines (proximal region to the right); (H) terminal region of the arm showing terminal plate; (I) second row of inferomarginal spines, actinal view (proximal region to the right); (J) actinal view of inferomarginal plates; and (K) ambulacral furrow (proximal region on the right). Scale bars: B–C, 20 mm; D–J, 1 mm; K, 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4691094" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4691094/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 6A–C</figureCitation>
|
||
); R/r 3.3; 39 SM plates (R
|
||
<quantity id="B0389B1DFFA3FFDAFEC641D47D2BF92E" box="[261,345,1728,1755]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="mm" value="50.0">50 mm</quantity>
|
||
); R/SM# 1.3. Abactinal region covered by paxillae as follows: proximal region of arms and disc with 10–12 central and 15 peripheral spinelets (
|
||
<figureCitation id="EFFB2A7DFFA3FFDAFD6141F07E89F90A" box="[674,763,1764,1791]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1342,1366]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,525,1319]" captionTargetId="figure-167@15.[151,1436,525,1319]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 6. Astropecten marginatus Gray, 1840. (A) Specimen in situ (not collected; photo credit: Cláudio Sampaio). Specimen (R 50 mm) (MZUSP 2100): (B) abactinal and (C) actinal view of body; (D) proximal paxillae; (E) madreporite; (F) oral region; (G) abactinal view of inferomarginal fringe spines (proximal region to the right); (H) terminal region of the arm showing terminal plate; (I) second row of inferomarginal spines, actinal view (proximal region to the right); (J) actinal view of inferomarginal plates; and (K) ambulacral furrow (proximal region on the right). Scale bars: B–C, 20 mm; D–J, 1 mm; K, 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4691094" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4691094/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 6D</figureCitation>
|
||
), midline region of arms with 5–8 central and nine peripheral spinelets, and distal region of arms with 1–3 central and seven peripheral spinelets. Madreporite large, not hidden by paxillae (
|
||
<figureCitation id="EFFB2A7DFFA3FFDAFF3C40387D25F8B2" box="[255,343,1836,1863]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1342,1366]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,525,1319]" captionTargetId="figure-167@15.[151,1436,525,1319]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 6. Astropecten marginatus Gray, 1840. (A) Specimen in situ (not collected; photo credit: Cláudio Sampaio). Specimen (R 50 mm) (MZUSP 2100): (B) abactinal and (C) actinal view of body; (D) proximal paxillae; (E) madreporite; (F) oral region; (G) abactinal view of inferomarginal fringe spines (proximal region to the right); (H) terminal region of the arm showing terminal plate; (I) second row of inferomarginal spines, actinal view (proximal region to the right); (J) actinal view of inferomarginal plates; and (K) ambulacral furrow (proximal region on the right). Scale bars: B–C, 20 mm; D–J, 1 mm; K, 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4691094" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4691094/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 6E</figureCitation>
|
||
). Marginal plates horizontal and elongated. Superomarginal plates without spines and covered by granules: central granules robust, peripheral granules elongated, hyaline and thin. Inferomarginal plates projected beyond superomarginal plates. Fringe with two layers of spines, parallel, top layer with two spines of equal size, and a third proximal 3x smaller and thinner (
|
||
<figureCitation id="EFFB2A7DFFA3FFDAFDA2408C7ECEF846" box="[609,700,1944,1971]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1342,1366]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,525,1319]" captionTargetId="figure-167@15.[151,1436,525,1319]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 6. Astropecten marginatus Gray, 1840. (A) Specimen in situ (not collected; photo credit: Cláudio Sampaio). Specimen (R 50 mm) (MZUSP 2100): (B) abactinal and (C) actinal view of body; (D) proximal paxillae; (E) madreporite; (F) oral region; (G) abactinal view of inferomarginal fringe spines (proximal region to the right); (H) terminal region of the arm showing terminal plate; (I) second row of inferomarginal spines, actinal view (proximal region to the right); (J) actinal view of inferomarginal plates; and (K) ambulacral furrow (proximal region on the right). Scale bars: B–C, 20 mm; D–J, 1 mm; K, 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4691094" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4691094/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 6G</figureCitation>
|
||
); bottom layer with 4–5 small spines, proximal spine smaller and thinner (
|
||
<figureCitation id="EFFB2A7DFFA3FFDAFF3540A87D34F822" box="[246,326,1980,2007]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1342,1366]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,525,1319]" captionTargetId="figure-167@15.[151,1436,525,1319]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 6. Astropecten marginatus Gray, 1840. (A) Specimen in situ (not collected; photo credit: Cláudio Sampaio). Specimen (R 50 mm) (MZUSP 2100): (B) abactinal and (C) actinal view of body; (D) proximal paxillae; (E) madreporite; (F) oral region; (G) abactinal view of inferomarginal fringe spines (proximal region to the right); (H) terminal region of the arm showing terminal plate; (I) second row of inferomarginal spines, actinal view (proximal region to the right); (J) actinal view of inferomarginal plates; and (K) ambulacral furrow (proximal region on the right). Scale bars: B–C, 20 mm; D–J, 1 mm; K, 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4691094" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4691094/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 6I</figureCitation>
|
||
). Actinal region of inferomarginal plates lacking squamules; central region naked, sometimes with long spines similar to lateral fringe spines (
|
||
<figureCitation id="EFFB2A7DFFA3FFDAFD4540F47EAAF80E" box="[646,728,2016,2043]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1342,1366]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,525,1319]" captionTargetId="figure-167@15.[151,1436,525,1319]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 6. Astropecten marginatus Gray, 1840. (A) Specimen in situ (not collected; photo credit: Cláudio Sampaio). Specimen (R 50 mm) (MZUSP 2100): (B) abactinal and (C) actinal view of body; (D) proximal paxillae; (E) madreporite; (F) oral region; (G) abactinal view of inferomarginal fringe spines (proximal region to the right); (H) terminal region of the arm showing terminal plate; (I) second row of inferomarginal spines, actinal view (proximal region to the right); (J) actinal view of inferomarginal plates; and (K) ambulacral furrow (proximal region on the right). Scale bars: B–C, 20 mm; D–J, 1 mm; K, 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4691094" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4691094/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 6J</figureCitation>
|
||
). Three adambulacral spines forming single line, central spine longer than adjacent ones (
|
||
<figureCitation id="EFFB2A7DFFA2FFDBFE0147837E6EFF47" box="[450,540,151,178]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1342,1366]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,525,1319]" captionTargetId="figure-167@15.[151,1436,525,1319]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 6. Astropecten marginatus Gray, 1840. (A) Specimen in situ (not collected; photo credit: Cláudio Sampaio). Specimen (R 50 mm) (MZUSP 2100): (B) abactinal and (C) actinal view of body; (D) proximal paxillae; (E) madreporite; (F) oral region; (G) abactinal view of inferomarginal fringe spines (proximal region to the right); (H) terminal region of the arm showing terminal plate; (I) second row of inferomarginal spines, actinal view (proximal region to the right); (J) actinal view of inferomarginal plates; and (K) ambulacral furrow (proximal region on the right). Scale bars: B–C, 20 mm; D–J, 1 mm; K, 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4691094" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4691094/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. 6K</figureCitation>
|
||
). One large subambulacral spine in center of plate, largest spine in adambulacral plate, surrounded by acicular spinelets; spinelets between large spine and furrow spines. Oral spines flattened with blunt tip (
|
||
<figureCitation id="EFFB2A7DFFA2FFDBFEC647CB7D28FF0F" box="[261,346,223,250]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1342,1366]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,525,1319]" captionTargetId="figure-167@15.[151,1436,525,1319]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 6. Astropecten marginatus Gray, 1840. (A) Specimen in situ (not collected; photo credit: Cláudio Sampaio). Specimen (R 50 mm) (MZUSP 2100): (B) abactinal and (C) actinal view of body; (D) proximal paxillae; (E) madreporite; (F) oral region; (G) abactinal view of inferomarginal fringe spines (proximal region to the right); (H) terminal region of the arm showing terminal plate; (I) second row of inferomarginal spines, actinal view (proximal region to the right); (J) actinal view of inferomarginal plates; and (K) ambulacral furrow (proximal region on the right). Scale bars: B–C, 20 mm; D–J, 1 mm; K, 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4691094" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4691094/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. 6F</figureCitation>
|
||
). Pedicellariae absent.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="777F36F8FFA2FFDBFF0446167DF8FE00" blockId="15.[151,1437,151,501]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||
<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFFA2FFDBFF0446167EF7FEE9" bold="true" box="[199,645,258,284]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||
Ontogenetic variation (R
|
||
<quantity id="B0389B1DFFA2FFDBFE3B46167E0AFEE9" box="[504,632,258,284]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" metricValueMax="2.8" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" unit="mm" value="19.0" valueMax="28.0" valueMin="10.0">10–28 mm</quantity>
|
||
).
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Average R/r 3.0; 22 SM plates (R
|
||
<quantity id="B0389B1DFFA2FFDBFBC84617782DFEE8" box="[1035,1119,259,285]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" unit="mm" value="20.0">20 mm</quantity>
|
||
); R/SM# 1.1. Proximal paxillae with 3–5 central and 8–10 peripheral spinelets (
|
||
<figureCitation id="EFFB2A7DFFA2FFDBFD3346337F3BFEB4" box="[752,841,295,321]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1885,1909]" captionTargetBox="[205,1382,181,1861]" captionTargetId="figure-25@16.[205,1382,181,1861]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 7. Specimen (R 20 mm) of Astropecten marginatus Gray, 1840 (MZUSP 2100): (A) abactinal and (B) actinal view of body; (C) proximal paxillae; (D) madreporite; (E) ambulacral furrow (proximal region on the right); (F) actinal view of inferomarginal plates (proximal region to the left); (G) terminal region of the arm showing terminal plate; and (H) oral region. Scale bars: A–B, 10 mm; C–H, 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4691098" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4691098/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. 7C</figureCitation>
|
||
), distal paxillae with 0–1 central and 4–5 peripheral spinelets. Inferomarginal fringe with two layers as in larger specimen, but proximal spine in top layer 5x smaller than adjacent spines, and bottom layer with 3–4 small spines, proximal spine smallest (
|
||
<figureCitation id="EFFB2A7DFFA2FFDBFB9B467B78DEFE7C" box="[1112,1196,367,393]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1885,1909]" captionTargetBox="[205,1382,181,1861]" captionTargetId="figure-25@16.[205,1382,181,1861]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 7. Specimen (R 20 mm) of Astropecten marginatus Gray, 1840 (MZUSP 2100): (A) abactinal and (B) actinal view of body; (C) proximal paxillae; (D) madreporite; (E) ambulacral furrow (proximal region on the right); (F) actinal view of inferomarginal plates (proximal region to the left); (G) terminal region of the arm showing terminal plate; and (H) oral region. Scale bars: A–B, 10 mm; C–H, 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4691098" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4691098/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. 7F</figureCitation>
|
||
). Three adambulacral spines forming single line, central spine largest in adambulacral plate (
|
||
<figureCitation id="EFFB2A7DFFA2FFDBFC7D46877864FE58" box="[958,1046,403,429]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1885,1909]" captionTargetBox="[205,1382,181,1861]" captionTargetId="figure-25@16.[205,1382,181,1861]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 7. Specimen (R 20 mm) of Astropecten marginatus Gray, 1840 (MZUSP 2100): (A) abactinal and (B) actinal view of body; (C) proximal paxillae; (D) madreporite; (E) ambulacral furrow (proximal region on the right); (F) actinal view of inferomarginal plates (proximal region to the left); (G) terminal region of the arm showing terminal plate; and (H) oral region. Scale bars: A–B, 10 mm; C–H, 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4691098" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4691098/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. 7E</figureCitation>
|
||
). Second subambulacral row as in larger specimen, with central spine largest than adjacent spines, but not largest in adambulacral plate; third row with 2–4 sub-equal spines.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="23BF6670FFA2FFDBFF54422A793FFA13" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4691094" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4691094" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4691094/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" startId="15.[151,250,1342,1366]" targetBox="[151,1436,525,1319]" targetPageId="15">
|
||
<paragraph id="777F36F8FFA2FFDBFF54422A793FFA13" blockId="15.[151,1437,1342,1510]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||
<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFFA2FFDBFF54422A7D66FAA3" bold="true" box="[151,276,1342,1366]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">FIGURE 6.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B0C04D7BFFA2FFDBFEDF422A7EF8FAA3" authority="Gray, 1840" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1840" box="[284,650,1342,1366]" class="Asteroidea" family="Astropectinidae" genus="Astropecten" kingdom="Animalia" order="Paxillosida" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="marginatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFFA2FFDBFEDF422A7E7FFAA3" box="[284,525,1342,1366]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Astropecten marginatus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FFA2FFDBFDD6422A7EF8FAA3" author="Gray, J. E." box="[533,650,1342,1366]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="175 - 184" refId="ref55826" refString="Gray, J. E. (1840) A synopsis of the genera and species of the class Hypostoma (Asterias Linnaeus). Annals of the Magazine of Natural History, Series 1, 6 (37), 175 - 184 + 275 - 290. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 03745484009443296" type="journal article" year="1840">Gray, 1840</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. (A) Specimen
|
||
<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFFA2FFDBFCE9422B7F18FAA3" box="[810,874,1343,1366]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">in situ</emphasis>
|
||
(not collected; photo credit: Cláudio Sampaio). Specimen (R 50 mm) (MZUSP 2100): (B) abactinal and (C) actinal view of body; (D) proximal paxillae; (E) madreporite; (F) oral region; (G) abactinal view of inferomarginal fringe spines (proximal region to the right); (H) terminal region of the arm showing terminal plate; (I) second row of inferomarginal spines, actinal view (proximal region to the right); (J) actinal view of inferomarginal plates; and (K) ambulacral furrow (proximal region on the right). Scale bars: B–C, 20 mm; D–J, 1 mm; K, 2 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="777F36F8FFA2FFDBFF04412C780FF983" blockId="15.[151,1436,1592,1907]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||
<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFFA2FFDBFF04412C7D3DF9A7" bold="true" box="[199,335,1592,1618]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Coloration.</emphasis>
|
||
Abactinal surface greyish in center of disc and arms, margins orangish to creamy; inferomarginal spines fade from a bluish-grey base to creamy tips. Specimens in ethanol are pale brown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="3FDA6573FFA2FFDBFF0441947F72F887" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="777F36F8FFA2FFDBFF0441947F72F887" blockId="15.[151,1436,1592,1907]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||
<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFFA2FFDBFF0441947D13F96F" bold="true" box="[199,353,1664,1690]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
Gulf of Mexico, Mexico, Dominican Republic, Puerto Rico, Costa Rica, Colombia, Venezuela, Guyana, Suriname, French Guyana (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FFA2FFDBFDF541B07F73F94B" author="Walenkamp" box="[566,769,1700,1726]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="1 - 91" refId="ref65071" refString="Walenkamp. J. H. C. (1976) The asteroids of the coastal waters of Surinam. Zoologische Verhandelingen, 147, 1 - 91, 18 pls." type="journal article" year="1976">Walenkamp 1976</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FFA2FFDBFCCC41B07865F94B" author="Clark, A. M. & Downey, M. E." box="[783,1047,1700,1727]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" refId="ref52515" refString="Clark, A. M. & Downey, M. E. (1992) Starfishes of the Atlantic. Chapman and Hall, London, 794 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5860 / choice. 30 - 2659" type="book" year="1992">Clark & Downey 1992</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FFA2FFDBFBE041B07963F94B" author="Alvarado, J. J. & Solis-Marin, F. A. & Ahearn, C." box="[1059,1297,1700,1727]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="37 - 55" refId="ref49193" refString="Alvarado, J. J., Solis-Marin, F. A. & Ahearn, C. (2008) Equinodermos (Echinodermata) del Caribe Centroamericano. Revista de Biologia Tropical, 56, 37 - 55." type="journal article" year="2008">
|
||
Alvarado
|
||
<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFFA2FFDBFB5041B178B4F94B" box="[1171,1222,1700,1726]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2008
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; Benavides- Serrato
|
||
<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFFA2FFDBFF2D41DD7D6DF917" box="[238,287,1736,1762]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2005, 2011;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FFA2FFDBFE7441DD7EFFF917" author="Pawson, D. L. & Vance, D. J. & Messing, C. G. & Solis-Marin, F. A. & Mah, C. L." box="[439,653,1736,1763]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="1177 - 1204" refId="ref60494" refString="Pawson, D. L., Vance, D. J., Messing, C. G., Solis-Marin, F. A. & Mah, C. L. (2009) Echinodermata of the Gulf of Mexico. In: Felder, D. L. & Camp, D. K. (Eds.), Gulf of Mexico - Origins, Waters, and Biota. Texas A & M University Press, College Station, Texas, pp. 1177 - 1204." type="book chapter" year="2009">
|
||
Pawson
|
||
<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFFA2FFDBFDD641DD7E37F917" box="[533,581,1736,1762]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2009
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FFA2FFDBFD5541DC7F98F917" author="Alvarado, J. J. & Solis-Marin, F. A." box="[662,1002,1736,1762]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" refId="ref49233" refString="Alvarado, J. J. & Solis-Marin, F. A. (2013) Echinoderm research and diversity in Latin America. Vol. 1. Springer, Berlin, 658 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 3 - 642 - 20051 - 9" type="book" year="2013">Alvarado & Solís-Marín 2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<collectingCountry id="0FD77668FFA2FFDBFC3F41DC7814F917" box="[1020,1126,1736,1762]" name="Brazil" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingRegion id="B504F81AFFA2FFDBFBAD41DC78B0F917" box="[1134,1218,1736,1762]" country="Brazil" name="Amapa" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Amapá</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="B504F81AFFA2FFDBFB0F41DC7962F917" box="[1228,1296,1736,1762]" country="Brazil" name="Ceara" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Ceará</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="B504F81AFFA2FFDBFAD841DC7C8FF8F2" country="Brazil" name="Rio Grande do Norte" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Rio Grande do Norte</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="B504F81AFFA2FFDBFEC441F87D2CF8F3" box="[263,350,1772,1798]" country="Brazil" name="Paraiba" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Paraíba</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="B504F81AFFA2FFDBFEAA41F87D8AF8F3" box="[361,504,1772,1798]" country="Brazil" name="Pernambuco" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Pernambuco</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="B504F81AFFA2FFDBFDC041F87E35F8F3" box="[515,583,1772,1798]" country="Brazil" name="Bahia" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Bahia</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="B504F81AFFA2FFDBFD9141F87E84F8F3" box="[594,758,1772,1798]" country="Brazil" name="Rio de Janeiro" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Rio de Janeiro</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="B504F81AFFA2FFDBFCC241F87F07F8F3" box="[769,885,1772,1798]" country="Brazil" name="Sao Paulo" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">São Paulo</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="B504F81AFFA2FFDBFCBC41F87FBCF8F3" box="[895,974,1772,1798]" country="Brazil" name="Parana" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Paraná</collectingRegion>
|
||
, Santa Catarina,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="B504F81AFFA2FFDBFB4841F87929F8F3" box="[1163,1371,1772,1798]" country="Brazil" name="Rio Grande do Sul" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Rio Grande do Sul</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FFA2FFDBFAAA41F87D5CF8DE" author="Bernasconi, I." pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="51 - 57" refId="ref50305" refString="Bernasconi, I. (1955) Equinoideos y asteroideos de la coleccion del instituto oceanografico de la Universidad de San Pablo. Primera contribucion. Boletim do Instituto Oceanografico, 6, 51 - 57. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / S 0373 - 55241955000100002" type="journal article" year="1955">Bernasconi 1955</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FFA2FFDBFEFB40047D93F8DE" author="Tommasi, L. R." box="[312,481,1808,1835]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="1 - 27" refId="ref63273" refString="Tommasi, L. R. (1958) Os equinodermos do litoral de Sao Paulo. II. Diadematidae, Schizasteridae, Brissidae, Cidaroidea (Echinoidea) e Asteroidea do Bentos Costeiro. Contribuicoes avulsas do Instituto Oceanografico, 2, 1 - 27, 6 pls." type="journal article" year="1958">Tommasi 1958</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FFA2FFDBFE2F40047E14F8DF" author="Brito, I. M." box="[492,614,1808,1834]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="1 - 10" refId="ref51179" refString="Brito, I. M. (1962) Ensaio de catailogo dos equinodermas do Brasil. Universidade do Brasil, Faculdade Nacional de Filosofia, Centro de Estudos Zooloigicos, 13, 1 - 10." type="journal article" year="1962">Brito 1962</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FFA2FFDBFDB240047F4AF8DF" author="Lima-Verde, J. S." box="[625,824,1808,1834]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="9 - 13" refId="ref57515" refString="Lima-Verde, J. S. (1969) Primeira contribuicao ao inventario dos equinodermas do Nordeste brasileiro. Arquivos de Ciencias do Mar, 9 (1), 9 - 13." type="journal article" year="1969">Lima-Verde 1969</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FFA2FFDBFC8040057FB1F8DF" author="Netto, L. F." box="[835,963,1808,1835]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" refId="ref59761" refString="Netto, L. F. (2006) Echinodermata do Canal de Sao Sebastiao, Sao Sebastiao. Unpublished Master Thesis, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, 201 pp." type="book" year="2006">Netto 2006</bibRefCitation>
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||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FFA2FFDBFC0E400478D5F8DF" author="Gondim, A. & Lacouth, P. & Alonso, C. & Manso, C." box="[973,1191,1808,1835]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="151 - 159" refId="ref55518" refString="Gondim, A., Lacouth, P., Alonso, C. & Manso, C. (2008) Echinodermata da praia do Cabo Branco, JoaTo Pessoa, Paraiiba, Brasil. Biota Neotropica, 8, 151 - 159. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / S 1676 - 06032008000200016" type="journal article" year="2008">
|
||
Gondim
|
||
<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFFA2FFDBFBEC4005782DF8DF" box="[1071,1119,1808,1834]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2008
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FFA2FFDBFB7140047948F8DF" author="Pelaes, M. A. L." box="[1202,1338,1808,1834]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" refId="ref60725" refString="Pelaes, M. A. L. (2008) Composicao, distribuicao espacial e temporal das especies de Echinodermata na plataforma rasa do sul da Bahia num trecho entre Itacare e Canavieiras. Unpublished Master Thesis, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Ilheus, Bahia, 97 pp." type="book" year="2008">Pelaes 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FFA2FFDBFA8640047D3EF8BB" author="Lima, E. J. B. & Fernandes, M. L. B." pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="55 - 63" refId="ref57422" refString="Lima, E. J. B. & Fernandes, M. L. B. (2009) Diversidade de equinodermos (Echinodermata) no estado de Pernambuco (Brasil). Revista Brasileira de Zoociencias, 11, 55 - 63." type="journal article" year="2009">Lima & Fernandes 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FFA2FFDBFE9B40207D9AF8BB" author="Xavier, L. A. R." box="[344,488,1844,1870]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="73 - 78" refId="ref65413" refString="Xavier, L. A. R. (2010) Inventario dos equinodermos do Estado de Santa Catarina, Brasil. Brazilian Journal of Aquatic Science and Technology, 14, 73 - 78. https: // doi. org / 10.14210 / bjast. v 14 n 2. p 73 - 78" type="journal article" year="2010">Xavier 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FFA2FFDBFE3040207EA3F8BB" author="Gondim, A. & Christoffersen, M. & Dias, T." box="[499,721,1844,1871]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="1 - 56" refId="ref55654" refString="Gondim, A., Christoffersen, M. & Dias, T. (2014) Taxonomic guide and historical review of starfishes in northeastern Brazil (Echinodermata, Asteroidea). ZooKeys, 449, 1 - 56. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 449.6813" type="journal article" year="2014">
|
||
Gondim
|
||
<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFFA2FFDBFD9540217EF5F8BB" box="[598,647,1844,1870]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2014
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FFA2FFDBFD1F40217FD5F8BB" author="Bueno, M. L. & Alitto, R. A. S. & Guilherme P. D. B. & Domenico, M. D. & Borges, M." box="[732,935,1844,1871]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="169 - 237" refId="ref51280" refString="Bueno, M. L., Alitto, R. A. S., Guilherme P. D. B., Domenico, M. D. & Borges, M. (2018) Guia ilustrado dos Echinodermata da porcao sul do Embaiamento Sul Brasileiro. Pesquisa e Ensino em Ciencias Exatas e da Natureza, 2 (2), 169 - 237. https: // doi. org / 10.29215 / pecen. v 2 i 2.1071" type="journal article" year="2018">
|
||
Bueno
|
||
<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFFA2FFDBFCEF40217F2CF8BB" box="[812,862,1844,1870]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2018
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FFA2FFDBFC7040207826F8BB" author="Miranda, A. P. S." box="[947,1108,1844,1870]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" refId="ref59457" refString="Miranda, A. P. S. (2018) Diversidade e distribuicao de equinodermos da Plataforma Continental Amazonica. Unpublished Honors Thesis, Universidade Federal do Para, Belem, 62 pp." type="book" year="2018">Miranda 2018</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FFA2FFDBFB9C40217926F8BB" author="Torres, V. S. & Torres, F. S. S." box="[1119,1364,1844,1871]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="408 - 422" refId="ref63583" refString="Torres, V. S. & Torres, F. S. S. (2019) Inventario preliminar dos invertebrados marinhos observados na praia da Pinheira, Palhoca, SC, Brasil. UNISANTA Bioscience, 8 (4), 408 - 422." type="journal article" year="2019">Torres & Torres 2019</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FFA2FFDBFA9C40217D61F887" author="Turra, A. & Checon, H. H. & Fernandez, W. S. & Majer, A. P. & Delboni, C. G. & Denadai, M. R. & Dias, G. M." pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="128 - 138" refId="ref63684" refString="Turra, A., Checon, H. H., Fernandez, W. S., Majer, A. P., Delboni, C. G., Denadai, M. R. & Dias, G. M. (2019) The importance of embayed coastal areas for the life cycle of two sympatric starfish species (Echinodermata, Asteroidea). Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 219, 128 - 138. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ecss. 2019.01.028" type="journal article" year="2019">
|
||
Turra
|
||
<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFFA2FFDBFF54404D7CBAF887" box="[151,200,1880,1906]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2019
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFFA2FFDBFEE6404C7D04F887" bold="true" box="[293,374,1880,1906]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Depth.</emphasis>
|
||
<quantity id="B0389B1DFFA2FFDBFEBE404C7D92F886" box="[381,480,1880,1907]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.55" metricValueMax="13.0" metricValueMin="0.1" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" unit="m" value="65.5" valueMax="130.0" valueMin="1.0">1–130 m</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FFA2FFDBFE2D404C7E86F887" author="Clark, A. M. & Downey, M. E." box="[494,756,1880,1907]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" refId="ref52515" refString="Clark, A. M. & Downey, M. E. (1992) Starfishes of the Atlantic. Chapman and Hall, London, 794 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5860 / choice. 30 - 2659" type="book" year="1992">Clark & Downey 1992</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="23BF6670FFBDFFC4FF5440497DAFF814" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4691098" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4691098" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4691098/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" startId="16.[151,250,1885,1909]" targetBox="[205,1382,181,1861]" targetPageId="16">
|
||
<paragraph id="777F36F8FFBDFFC4FF5440497DAFF814" blockId="16.[151,1436,1885,2017]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFFBDFFC4FF5440497D61F880" bold="true" box="[151,275,1885,1909]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">FIGURE 7.</emphasis>
|
||
Specimen (R 20 mm) of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B0C04D7BFFBDFFC4FDD1404A7F0BF880" authority="Gray, 1840" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1840" box="[530,889,1885,1909]" class="Asteroidea" family="Astropectinidae" genus="Astropecten" kingdom="Animalia" order="Paxillosida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="marginatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFFBDFFC4FDD1404A7F71F880" box="[530,771,1886,1909]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Astropecten marginatus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FFBDFFC4FCCA40497F0BF880" author="Gray, J. E." box="[777,889,1885,1909]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="175 - 184" refId="ref55826" refString="Gray, J. E. (1840) A synopsis of the genera and species of the class Hypostoma (Asterias Linnaeus). Annals of the Magazine of Natural History, Series 1, 6 (37), 175 - 184 + 275 - 290. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 03745484009443296" type="journal article" year="1840">Gray, 1840</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(MZUSP 2100): (A) abactinal and (B) actinal view of body; (C) proximal paxillae; (D) madreporite; (E) ambulacral furrow (proximal region on the right); (F) actinal view of inferomarginal plates (proximal region to the left); (G) terminal region of the arm showing terminal plate; and (H) oral region. Scale bars: A–B, 10 mm; C–H, 1 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="3FDA6573FFBCFFC5FF0447827E84FDEC" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="777F36F8FFBCFFC5FF0447827DDBFE5B" blockId="17.[151,1437,150,717]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||
<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFFBCFFC5FF0447827DF9FF44" bold="true" box="[199,395,150,177]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Biological notes.</emphasis>
|
||
This species lives in muddy, sandy and rubble bottoms (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FFBCFFC5FBCE47837916FF44" author="Alvarado, J. J. & Solis-Marin, F. A." box="[1037,1380,151,177]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" refId="ref49233" refString="Alvarado, J. J. & Solis-Marin, F. A. (2013) Echinoderm research and diversity in Latin America. Vol. 1. Springer, Berlin, 658 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 3 - 642 - 20051 - 9" type="book" year="2013">Alvarado & Solís-Marín 2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and most likely feeds during the day, preferably on gastropods, bivalves and crustaceans (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FFBCFFC5FBB347AF7884FF20" author="Bitter, R." box="[1136,1270,187,213]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" pagination="169 - 176" refId="ref50512" refString="Bitter, R. (1984) Composicion de la dieta de Astropecten marginatus (Echinodermata: Asteroidea). Golfo Triste, region Centro- Occidental. Boletin del Instituto Oceanografico, Universidad de Oriente, 23, 169 - 176." type="journal article" year="1984">Bitter 1984</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FFBCFFC5FAC747AF79E5FF20" author="Zoldan, L. V." box="[1284,1431,186,213]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" refId="ref65469" refString="Zoldan, L. V. (2005) Analise do conteudo estomacal de duas especies de estrela-do-mar: Astropecten marginatus (Gray, 1840) e Luidia senegalensis (Lamarck, 1816) na enseada de Caraguatatuba, SP, sudeste do Brasil. Unpublished Honors Thesis, Centro Universitario da Fundacao de Ensino Octavio Bastos, Sao Joao da Boa Vista, Sao Paulo, 41 pp." type="book" year="2005">Zoldan 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FFBCFFC5FF5447CB7DC6FF0C" author="Guilherme, P. D. & Rosa, L. C." box="[151,436,223,249]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" pagination="59 - 68" refId="ref56027" refString="Guilherme, P. D. & Rosa, L. C. (2014) Seasonal variation in body size and diet of the sea star Astropecten marginatus (Paxillosida, Astropectinidae) off coast of Parana, Southern Brazil. Revista de Biologia Tropical, 62, 59 - 68. https: // doi. org / 10.15517 / rbt. v 62 i 1.7888" type="journal article" year="2014">Guilherme & Rosa 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FFBCFFC5FE0247CB7ECDFF0C" author="Fernandez, W. S. & Dias, G. M. & Majer, A. & Delboni, C. & Denadai, M. R. & Turra, A." box="[449,703,223,249]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" pagination="141 - 149" refId="ref54644" refString="Fernandez, W. S., Dias, G. M., Majer, A., Delboni, C., Denadai, M. R. & Turra, A. (2017) Resource partitioning between sympatric starfish from tropical unconsolidated substrate: implications for coexistence and top-down control on benthic prey. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 196, 141 - 149. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ecss. 2017.06.039" type="journal article" year="2017">
|
||
Fernandez
|
||
<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFFBCFFC5FDFC47CB7E08FF0C" box="[575,634,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2017
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). In Caraguatatuba Bay,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="B504F81AFFBCFFC5FC1847CB7823FF0C" box="[987,1105,223,249]" country="Brazil" name="Sao Paulo" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">São Paulo</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B0C04D7BFFBCFFC5FB9D47CB788CFF0D" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1840" box="[1118,1278,223,249]" class="Asteroidea" family="Astropectinidae" genus="Astropecten" kingdom="Animalia" order="Paxillosida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="marginatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFFBCFFC5FB9D47CB781DFF0C" box="[1118,1135,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">A</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFFBCFFC5FBBC47CB788CFF0D" box="[1151,1278,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">marginatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
lives in sympatry with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B0C04D7BFFBCFFC5FED146177DCCFEE8" baseAuthorityName="Lamarck" baseAuthorityYear="1816" box="[274,446,259,285]" class="Asteroidea" family="Luidiidae" genus="Luidia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Paxillosida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="senegalensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFFBCFFC5FED146177D50FEE9" box="[274,290,259,284]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">L</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFFBCFFC5FEF346177DCCFEE8" box="[304,446,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">senegalensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, where they partition food resources (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FFBCFFC5FCA846177815FEE8" author="Fernandez, W. S. & Dias, G. M. & Majer, A. & Delboni, C. & Denadai, M. R. & Turra, A." box="[875,1127,259,285]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" pagination="141 - 149" refId="ref54644" refString="Fernandez, W. S., Dias, G. M., Majer, A., Delboni, C., Denadai, M. R. & Turra, A. (2017) Resource partitioning between sympatric starfish from tropical unconsolidated substrate: implications for coexistence and top-down control on benthic prey. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 196, 141 - 149. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ecss. 2017.06.039" type="journal article" year="2017">
|
||
Fernandez
|
||
<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFFBCFFC5FC2946177851FEE8" box="[1002,1059,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2017
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The reproductive cycle of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B0C04D7BFFBCFFC5FF5446337D45FEB5" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1840" box="[151,311,295,321]" class="Asteroidea" family="Astropectinidae" genus="Astropecten" kingdom="Animalia" order="Paxillosida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="marginatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFFBCFFC5FF5446337D45FEB5" box="[151,311,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">A. marginatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in this region is annual and spawning happens mainly during the rainy season (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FFBCFFC5FB0A463379E3FEB4" author="Turra, A. & Checon, H. H. & Fernandez, W. S. & Majer, A. P. & Delboni, C. G. & Denadai, M. R. & Dias, G. M." box="[1225,1425,295,321]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" pagination="128 - 138" refId="ref63684" refString="Turra, A., Checon, H. H., Fernandez, W. S., Majer, A. P., Delboni, C. G., Denadai, M. R. & Dias, G. M. (2019) The importance of embayed coastal areas for the life cycle of two sympatric starfish species (Echinodermata, Asteroidea). Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 219, 128 - 138. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ecss. 2019.01.028" type="journal article" year="2019">
|
||
Turra
|
||
<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFFBCFFC5FAD246337936FEB4" box="[1297,1348,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2019
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FFBCFFC5FF54465F7D58FE93" author="Netto, L. F." box="[151,298,331,358]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" refId="ref59761" refString="Netto, L. F. (2006) Echinodermata do Canal de Sao Sebastiao, Sao Sebastiao. Unpublished Master Thesis, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, 201 pp." type="book" year="2006">Netto (2006)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
found many specimens gathered in shallow pools at night with 2–5 arms facing upwards, possibly engaged in gas exchange as the exposure of the tube feet into the water column should increase its breathing surface (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FFBCFFC5FF5D46877DEFFE5B" author="Farmanfarmaian, A." box="[158,413,403,430]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" pagination="245 - 265" refId="ref54418" refString="Farmanfarmaian, A. (1966) The respiratory physiology of echinoderms. In: Boolootian, R. A. (Ed.), Physiology of Echinodermata. John Wiley & Sons, New York, pp. 245 - 265." type="book chapter" year="1966">Farmanfarmaian 1966</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="777F36F8FFBCFFC5FF0446A37E84FDEC" blockId="17.[151,1437,150,717]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B0C04D7BFFBCFFC5FF0446A37DA3FE25" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1840" box="[199,465,439,465]" class="Asteroidea" family="Astropectinidae" genus="Astropecten" kingdom="Animalia" order="Paxillosida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="marginatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFFBCFFC5FF0446A37DA3FE25" box="[199,465,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Astropecten marginatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is classified as “Vulnerable” (baseline data indicate a reduction in population by at least 30% over the next 100 years) by the Ministry of the Environment (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FFBCFFC5FC5F46CF785BFE00" author="MMA & Ministerio do Meio Ambiente" box="[924,1065,475,501]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" refId="ref59554" refString="MMA (Ministerio do Meio Ambiente) (2018) Livro Vermelho da Fauna Brasileira Ameacada de Extincao: Invertebrados. IC- MBio / MMA, Brasilia, 727 pp." type="book" year="2018">MMA 2018</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). According to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FFBCFFC5FB1946CF7C96FDEC" author="Gurjao, L. M. & Lotufo, T. M. C." pageId="17" pageNumber="18" pagination="20170387" refId="ref56095" refString="Gurjao, L. M. & Lotufo, T. M. C. (2018) Native species exploited by marine aquarium trade in Brazil. Biota Neotropica, 18 (3), e 20170387. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / 1676 - 0611 - bn- 2017 - 0387" type="journal article" year="2018">Gurjão & Lotufo (2018)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, its harvesting in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="0FD77668FFBCFFC5FE6946EB7D9CFDEC" box="[426,494,511,537]" name="Brazil" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
is currently prohibited.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="3FDA6573FFBCFFC5FF0445377EC4FD38" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<subSubSection id="3FDA6573FFBCFFC5FF0445377E3DFD5C" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="777F36F8FFBCFFC5FF0445377E3DFD5C" blockId="17.[151,1437,150,717]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="C7A83CA5FFBCFFC5FF0445377E3DFD5C" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3080394382" collectionCode="NHM-UK" collectorName="Mr. Hugh Cuming" location="Zoological Society of London" municipality="South American" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFFBCFFC5FF0445377D49FDC8" bold="true" box="[199,315,547,573]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||
<typeStatus id="A87B885AFFBCFFC5FF0445377D44FDC8" box="[199,310,547,573]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FFBCFFC5FE8145377DB7FDC8" author="Gray, J. E." box="[322,453,547,573]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" pagination="175 - 184" refId="ref55826" refString="Gray, J. E. (1840) A synopsis of the genera and species of the class Hypostoma (Asterias Linnaeus). Annals of the Magazine of Natural History, Series 1, 6 (37), 175 - 184 + 275 - 290. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 03745484009443296" type="journal article" year="1840">Gray (1840</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 178) mentioned that the specimens he described were deposited in the collections of the
|
||
<location id="721F6023FFBCFFC5FF0145537E65FD94" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FF6987EEFFA3FFC5FF5443937EC4FD38:721F6023FFBCFFC5FF0145537E65FD94" box="[194,535,583,609]" municipality="South American" name="Zoological Society of London" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Zoological Society of London</location>
|
||
(especially
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="971BAC82FFBCFFC5FD6145537F2AFD94" box="[674,856,583,609]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">South American</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
specimens collected by
|
||
<collectorName id="DA35532EFFBCFFC5FBB245537936FD97" box="[1137,1348,583,610]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Mr. Hugh Cuming</collectorName>
|
||
) and of the British Museum, where he worked. However, Andrew Cabrinovic told us that the type has not been found at the
|
||
<collectionCode id="11D1AE3DFFBCFFC5FF54459B7D78FD5C" box="[151,266,655,681]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">NHM-UK</collectionCode>
|
||
(pers. comm. on 20 Feb 20).
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="3FDA6573FFBCFFC5FF0445A77EC4FD38" box="[199,694,690,717]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="777F36F8FFBCFFC5FF0445A77EC4FD38" blockId="17.[151,1437,150,717]" box="[199,694,690,717]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||
<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFFBCFFC5FF0445A77D14FD39" bold="true" box="[199,358,690,717]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Type locality.</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingRegion id="B504F81AFFBCFFC5FEAF45A77DE4FD38" box="[364,406,691,717]" country="Maldives" name="Uthuru" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Not</collectingRegion>
|
||
reported by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FFBCFFC5FDE645A77EC3FD38" author="Gray, J. E." box="[549,689,691,717]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" pagination="175 - 184" refId="ref55826" refString="Gray, J. E. (1840) A synopsis of the genera and species of the class Hypostoma (Asterias Linnaeus). Annals of the Magazine of Natural History, Series 1, 6 (37), 175 - 184 + 275 - 290. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 03745484009443296" type="journal article" year="1840">Gray (1840)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |