599 lines
78 KiB
XML
599 lines
78 KiB
XML
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<treatment id="FF6987EEFF82FFE6FF5443957E3FFBAC" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4701452" ID-GBIF-Taxon="181198562" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4701452" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FF6987EEFF82FFE6FF5443957E3FFBAC" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/FF6987EEFF82FFE6FF5443957E3FFBAC" lastPageId="50" lastPageNumber="51" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
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<subSubSection id="3FDA6573FF82FFFBFF5443957E58FB6E" box="[151,554,1153,1180]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="777F36F8FF82FFFBFF5443957E58FB6E" blockId="47.[151,554,1153,1215]" box="[151,554,1153,1180]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
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<heading id="2C378194FF82FFFBFF5443957E58FB6E" bold="true" box="[151,554,1153,1180]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" reason="4">
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<taxonomicName id="B0C04D7BFF82FFFBFF5443957E58FB6E" ID-CoL="49VQS" authority="Gray, 1840" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1840" box="[151,554,1153,1180]" class="Asteroidea" family="Ophidiasteridae" genus="Ophidiaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="guildingi">
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<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFF82FFFBFF5443957E58FB6E" bold="true" box="[151,554,1153,1180]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
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<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFF82FFFBFF5443957DEBFB69" bold="true" box="[151,409,1153,1180]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Ophidiaster guildingi</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FF82FFFBFE6243957E58FB6E" author="Gray, J. E." box="[417,554,1153,1179]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" pagination="175 - 184" refId="ref55826" refString="Gray, J. E. (1840) A synopsis of the genera and species of the class Hypostoma (Asterias Linnaeus). Annals of the Magazine of Natural History, Series 1, 6 (37), 175 - 184 + 275 - 290. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 03745484009443296" type="journal article" year="1840">Gray, 1840</bibRefCitation>
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<subSubSection id="3FDA6573FF82FFFBFF5443B17D4AFB4A" box="[151,312,1189,1215]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="description">
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<paragraph id="777F36F8FF82FFFBFF5443B17D4AFB4A" blockId="47.[151,554,1153,1215]" box="[151,312,1189,1215]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
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<figureCitation id="EFFB2A7DFF82FFFBFF5443B17D4AFB4A" box="[151,312,1189,1215]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 26" captionStart-1="FIGURE 27" captionStartId-0="48.[151,250,1921,1945]" captionStartId-1="49.[151,250,1915,1939]" captionTargetBox-0="[184,1403,345,1897]" captionTargetBox-1="[187,1400,181,1892]" captionTargetId-0="figure-118@48.[184,1403,345,1897]" captionTargetId-1="figure-17@49.[187,1400,181,1892]" captionTargetPageId-0="48" captionTargetPageId-1="49" captionText-0="FIGURE 26. Specimen (R 22 mm) of Ophidiaster guildingi Gray, 1840 (MZUSP 2102): (A) abactinal and (B) actinal view of body; (C) abactinal plates and papular pores; (D) madreporite; (E) oral region; (F) ambulacral furrow (proximal region on the right); (G) terminal region of the arm with ocular plate; and (H) actinal papulae. Scale bars: A–B, 10 mm; C–H, 1 mm." captionText-1="FIGURE 27. Specimen (R 7 mm) of Ophidiaster guildingi Gray, 1840 (MZUSP 2102): (A) abactinal and (B) actinal view of body; (C) abactinal plates and papular pores; (D) madreporite; (E) ambulacral furrow (proximal region on the right); (F) oral region; and (G) terminal region of the arm with ocular plate. Scale bars: A–B, 2 mm; C–G, 1 mm." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4691140" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4691142" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/4691140/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/4691142/files/figure.png" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Figures 26–27</figureCitation>
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<subSubSection id="3FDA6573FF82FFFBFF5443FE78A0FAAB" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="777F36F8FF82FFFBFF5443FE7E58FAF7" blockId="47.[151,1437,1258,1374]" box="[151,554,1258,1282]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
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<treatmentCitation id="F66110E9FF82FFFBFF5443FE7E54FAF7" author="Gray, J. E." box="[151,550,1258,1282]" page="284" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" year="1840">
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<taxonomicName id="B0C04D7BFF82FFFBFF5443FE7E54FAF7" authority="Gray, 1840: 284" authorityName="Gray" authorityPageNumber="284" authorityYear="1840" box="[151,550,1258,1282]" class="Asteroidea" family="Ophidiasteridae" genus="Ophidiaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="guildingii">
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<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFF82FFFBFF5443FE7D08FAF7" box="[151,378,1258,1282]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Ophidiaster guildingii</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FF82FFFBFEBC43FE7E54FAF7" author="Gray, J. E." box="[383,550,1258,1282]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" pagination="175 - 184" refId="ref55826" refString="Gray, J. E. (1840) A synopsis of the genera and species of the class Hypostoma (Asterias Linnaeus). Annals of the Magazine of Natural History, Series 1, 6 (37), 175 - 184 + 275 - 290. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 03745484009443296" type="journal article" year="1840">Gray, 1840: 284</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="777F36F8FF82FFFBFF54421C7977FAD4" blockId="47.[151,1437,1258,1374]" box="[151,1285,1288,1313]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
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<taxonomicName id="B0C04D7BFF82FFFBFF54421C7D08FAD5" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1840" box="[151,378,1288,1312]" class="Asteroidea" family="Ophidiasteridae" genus="Ophidiaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="guildingii">
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<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFF82FFFBFF54421C7D08FAD5" box="[151,378,1288,1312]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Ophidiaster guildingii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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—
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<treatmentCitation id="F66110E9FF82FFFBFE51421C7EEBFAD4" author="Tommasi, L. R. & Aron, M. A." box="[402,665,1288,1313]" page="3" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" year="1988">
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<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FF82FFFBFE51421C7EEBFAD4" author="Tommasi, L. R. & Aron, M. A." box="[402,665,1288,1313]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" pagination="1 - 6" refId="ref63480" refString="Tommasi, L. R. & Aron, M. A. (1988) Equinodermos da plataforma continental do sudeste do estado da Bahia. Relatos do Instituto Oceanografico da Universidade de Sao Paulo, 19, 1 - 6." type="journal article" year="1988">Tommasi & Aron 1988: 3</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="F66110E9FF82FFFBFD67421C7FE3FAD4" author="Hendler, G. & Muller, J. E. & Pawson, D. L. & Kier, P. M." box="[676,913,1288,1313]" page="79" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" year="1995">
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<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FF82FFFBFD67421C7FE3FAD4" author="Hendler, G. & Muller, J. E. & Pawson, D. L. & Kier, P. M." box="[676,913,1288,1313]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" refId="ref56324" refString="Hendler, G., Muller, J. E., Pawson, D. L. & Kier, P. M. (1995) Sea Stars, Sea Urchins and Allies: Echinoderms of Florida and the Caribbean. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, 390 pp." type="book" year="1995">
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Hendler
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<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFF82FFFBFD3F421D7F5DFAD5" box="[764,815,1288,1312]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">et al.</emphasis>
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1995: 79
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</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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, fig. 22;
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<treatmentCitation id="F66110E9FF82FFFBFC29421C7973FAD4" author="Madeira, P. & Kroh, A. & Cordeiro, R. & Frias, D. E. & Martins, A. M. & Avila, S. P." box="[1002,1281,1288,1313]" page="93" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" year="2019">
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<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FF82FFFBFC29421C7973FAD4" author="Madeira, P. & Kroh, A. & Cordeiro, R. & Frias, D. E. & Martins, A. M. & Avila, S. P." box="[1002,1281,1288,1313]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" pagination="1 - 231" refId="ref57831" refString="Madeira, P., Kroh, A., Cordeiro, R., Frias, D. E., Martins, A. M. & Avila, S. P. (2019) The Echinoderm Fauna of the Azores (NE Atlantic Ocean). Zootaxa, 4639 (1), 1 - 231. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4639.1" type="journal article" year="2019">
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Madeira
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<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFF82FFFBFB86421D7800FAD5" box="[1093,1138,1288,1312]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">et al</emphasis>
|
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. 2019: 93–94
|
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</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="777F36F8FF82FFFBFF54423378A0FAAB" blockId="47.[151,1437,1258,1374]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="57D011D6FF82FFFBFF54423378A0FAAB" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
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<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFF82FFFBFF5442337DFBFACA" box="[151,393,1319,1343]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
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<taxonomicName id="B0C04D7BFF82FFFBFF5442337D1DFACA" ID-CoL="49VQS" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1840" box="[151,367,1319,1343]" class="Asteroidea" family="Ophidiasteridae" genus="Ophidiaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="guildingi">Ophidiaster guildingi</taxonomicName>
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—
|
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</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="F66110E9FF82FFFBFE4A42337EDAFACA" author="Clark, A. M. & Downey, M. E." box="[393,680,1319,1344]" page="281" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" year="1992">
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<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FF82FFFBFE4A42337EDAFACA" author="Clark, A. M. & Downey, M. E." box="[393,680,1319,1344]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" refId="ref52515" refString="Clark, A. M. & Downey, M. E. (1992) Starfishes of the Atlantic. Chapman and Hall, London, 794 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5860 / choice. 30 - 2659" type="book" year="1992">Clark & Downey 1992: 281</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, fig. 44c, d, pl. 69A, B;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="F66110E9FF82FFFBFC6342337976FACA" author="Benavides-Serrato, M. & Borrero-Perez, G. & Diaz-Sanchez, C." box="[928,1284,1319,1343]" page="176" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" year="2011">
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<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FF82FFFBFC6342337976FACA" author="Benavides-Serrato, M. & Borrero-Perez, G. & Diaz-Sanchez, C." box="[928,1284,1319,1343]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" refId="ref50205" refString="Benavides-Serrato, M., Borrero-Perez, G. & Diaz-Sanchez, C. (2011) Equinodermos del caribe colombiano: Crinodea, Asteroidea y Ophiuroidea. Vol. 1. Marquillas, Santa Marta, 384 pp." type="book" year="2011">
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Benavides-Serrato
|
||
<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFF82FFFBFBA1423C78FDFACA" box="[1122,1167,1319,1343]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">et al</emphasis>
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. 2011: 176
|
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</bibRefCitation>
|
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</treatmentCitation>
|
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;
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||
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FF82FFFBFACC42337C8CFAAB" author="Sandino, O. B. & Solis-Marin, F. A. & Caballero-Ochoa, A. A. & Conejeros-Vargas, C. A. & Marquez-Borras, F. & Ayala-Aguilera, A. P. & Laguarda-Figueras, A." pageId="47" pageNumber="48" pagination="288 - 298" refId="ref62033" refString="Sandino, O. B., Solis-Marin, F. A., Caballero-Ochoa, A. A., Conejeros-Vargas, C. A., Marquez-Borras, F., Ayala-Aguilera, A. P. & Laguarda-Figueras, A. (2017) Equinodermos de Nicaragua: nuevos registros del Pacifico y Caribe Sur. Revista de Biologia Tropical, 65, 288 - 298. https: // doi. org / 10.15517 / rbt. v 65 i 1 - 1.31696" type="journal article" year="2017">
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Sandino
|
||
<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFF82FFFBFAAA423C79EFFACA" box="[1385,1437,1319,1343]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2017
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: S294; Borrero-Peìrez
|
||
<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFF82FFFBFE2542537E60FAAB" box="[486,530,1350,1374]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2019: 5;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="F66110E9FF82FFFBFDBA42527F27FAAB" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3681179" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3681179" author="Cunha, R. & Tavares, M. & Mendonca, J. B." box="[633,853,1350,1374]" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/AA3E8794FFE6FA14A9B0FCCEFC355208" page="41" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" year="2020">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FF82FFFBFDBA42527F27FAAB" author="Cunha, R. & Tavares, M. & Mendonca, J. B." box="[633,853,1350,1374]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" pagination="31 - 56" refId="ref53334" refString="Cunha, R., Tavares, M. & Mendonca, J. B. (2020) Asteroidea (Echinodermata) from shallow-waters of the remote oceanic archipelago Trindade and Martin Vaz, southeastern Atlantic, with taxonomic and zoogeographical notes. Zootaxa, 4742 (1), 31 - 56. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4742.1.2" type="journal article" year="2020">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="0FD77668FF82FFFBFDBA42527EC9FAAB" box="[633,699,1350,1374]" name="Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Cunha</collectingCountry>
|
||
<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFF82FFFBFD0242537E86FAAB" box="[705,756,1350,1374]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2020: 41
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, fig. 6;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="F66110E9FF82FFFBFC604252783EFAAB" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3803706" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3803706" author="Mah, C. L." box="[931,1100,1350,1374]" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AE8786FF98D566FF402631FCC75974" page="238" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" year="2020">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FF82FFFBFC604252783EFAAB" author="Mah, C. L." box="[931,1100,1350,1374]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" pagination="201 - 260" refId="ref58219" refString="Mah, C. L. (2020 b) New species, occurrence records and observations of predation by deep-sea Asteroidea (Echinodermata) from the North Atlantic by NOAA ship Okeanos Explorer. Zootaxa, 4766 (2), 201 - 260. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4766.2.1" type="journal article" year="2020">Mah 2020b: 238</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, fig. 18A–D.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="3FDA6573FF82FFFBFF5442987D3FF9AE" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="777F36F8FF82FFFBFF5442987F66FA3F" blockId="47.[151,1437,1420,2022]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
|
||
<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFF82FFFBFF5442987D08FA53" bold="true" box="[151,378,1420,1446]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Material examined</emphasis>
|
||
(3 specs,
|
||
<quantity id="B0389B1DFF82FFFBFE2842987E24FA52" box="[491,598,1420,1447]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.45" metricValueMax="2.2" metricValueMin="0.7" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" unit="mm" value="14.5" valueMax="22.0" valueMin="7.0">7–22 mm</quantity>
|
||
<collectionCode id="11D1AE3DFF82FFFBFD9E42997E01FA52" box="[605,627,1421,1447]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">R</collectionCode>
|
||
).
|
||
<materialsCitation id="C7A83CA5FF82FFFBFD4442987D94FA3E" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3080394452" collectingDate="2012-08-18" collectionCode="R" country="Brazil" elevation="69" latitude="-17.05" location="Minerva Seamount" longLatPrecision="1279" longitude="-37.616665" municipality="Abrolhos" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Bahia">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="0FD77668FF82FFFBFD4442987E82FA53" box="[647,752,1420,1446]" name="Brazil" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingRegion id="B504F81AFF82FFFBFD3942987F4CFA53" box="[762,830,1420,1446]" country="Brazil" name="Bahia" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Bahia</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="971BAC82FF82FFFBFC8B42987FC1FA53" box="[840,947,1420,1446]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Abrolhos</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="721F6023FF82FFFBFC7C429878E7FA53" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FF6987EEFF82FFE6FF5443957E3FFBAC:721F6023FF82FFFBFC7C429878E7FA53" box="[959,1173,1420,1446]" country="Brazil" latitude="-17.05" longLatPrecision="1279" longitude="-37.616665" municipality="Abrolhos" name="Minerva Seamount" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" stateProvince="Bahia">Minerva Seamount</location>
|
||
(
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="12F4503FFF82FFFBFB6642987976FA53" box="[1189,1284,1420,1446]" degrees="17" direction="south" minutes="03" orientation="latitude" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" precision="925" value="-17.05">17°03’S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="12F4503FFF82FFFBFAD342987906FA53" box="[1296,1396,1420,1446]" degrees="37" direction="west" minutes="37" orientation="longitude" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" precision="925" value="-37.616665">37°37’W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
)—
|
||
<quantity id="B0389B1DFF82FFFBFF5442A47CA0FA3E" box="[151,210,1456,1483]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.9" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" unit="m" value="69.0">
|
||
<elevation id="FCEDD1CBFF82FFFBFF5442A47CA0FA3E" box="[151,210,1456,1483]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.9" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" unit="m" value="69.0">69 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="037E1038FF82FFFBFF1D42A47D1AFA3F" box="[222,360,1456,1482]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" value="2012-08-18">
|
||
<collectingDate id="133AE9D0FF82FFFBFF1D42A47D1AFA3F" box="[222,360,1456,1482]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" value="2012-08-18">18.viii.2012</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, 3 specs,
|
||
<collectionCode id="11D1AE3DFF82FFFBFE1042A57D94FA3E" box="[467,486,1457,1483]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">R</collectionCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="C7A83CA5FF82FFFBFE2E42A47F62FA3F" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3080394404" box="[493,784,1456,1483]" collectionCode="MZUSP" country="Brazil" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" specimenCode="MZUSP 2102" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<quantity id="B0389B1DFF82FFFBFE2E42A47E2AFA3E" box="[493,600,1456,1483]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.45" metricValueMax="2.2" metricValueMin="0.7" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" unit="mm" value="14.5" valueMax="22.0" valueMin="7.0">7–22 mm</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCode id="27669E83FF82FFFBFDA542A47F7AFA3F" box="[614,776,1456,1482]" collectionCode="MZUSP" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">MZUSP 2102</specimenCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="777F36F8FF82FFFBFF0442C07D3FF9AE" blockId="47.[151,1437,1420,2022]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
|
||
<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFF82FFFBFF0442C07DABFA1B" bold="true" box="[199,473,1492,1518]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Comparative material.</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="C7A83CA5FF82FFFBFE2342C07EA4F9E6" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3080394433" collectingDate="2013-07-15" collectionCode="R" collectorName="Enseada dos Portugueses" country="Brazil" elevation="12" latitude="-20.533333" location="Trindade Island" longLatPrecision="1267" longitude="-29.333334" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Espirito Santo">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="0FD77668FF82FFFBFE2342C07E3BFA1B" box="[480,585,1492,1518]" name="Brazil" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingRegion id="B504F81AFF82FFFBFD9642C07E8BFA1B" box="[597,761,1492,1518]" country="Brazil" name="Espirito Santo" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Espírito Santo</collectingRegion>
|
||
:
|
||
<location id="721F6023FF82FFFBFCC642C07FC7FA1B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FF6987EEFF82FFE6FF5443957E3FFBAC:721F6023FF82FFFBFCC642C07FC7FA1B" box="[773,949,1492,1518]" country="Brazil" latitude="-20.533333" longLatPrecision="1267" longitude="-29.333334" name="Trindade Island" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" stateProvince="Espirito Santo">Trindade Island</location>
|
||
(20°29’–
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="12F4503FFF82FFFBFBE742C078F2FA1B" box="[1060,1152,1492,1518]" degrees="20" direction="south" minutes="32" orientation="latitude" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" precision="925" value="-20.533333">20°32’S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
; 29°19’–
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="12F4503FFF82FFFBFB2042C0793BFA1B" box="[1251,1353,1492,1518]" degrees="29" direction="west" minutes="20" orientation="longitude" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" precision="925" value="-29.333334">29°20’W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
)—
|
||
<collectorName id="DA35532EFF82FFFBFAB242C07DE1F9E6" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Enseada dos Portugueses</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="B0389B1DFF82FFFBFE5E42EC7DAAF9E6" box="[413,472,1528,1555]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" unit="m" value="12.0">
|
||
<elevation id="FCEDD1CBFF82FFFBFE5E42EC7DAAF9E6" box="[413,472,1528,1555]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" unit="m" value="12.0">12 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="037E1038FF82FFFBFE2042EC7E17F9E6" box="[483,613,1528,1555]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" value="2013-07-15">
|
||
<collectingDate id="133AE9D0FF82FFFBFE2042EC7E17F9E6" box="[483,613,1528,1555]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" value="2013-07-15">15.vii.2013</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="61C6FD71FF82FFFBFDB342EC7ECAF9E6" box="[624,696,1528,1555]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="generic">1 spec</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="11D1AE3DFF82FFFBFD0042ED7EA4F9E6" box="[707,726,1529,1555]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">R</collectionCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="C7A83CA5FF82FFFBFD1F42EC7D86F9C2" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3080394410" collectingDate="2013-07-16" collectionCode="R" country="Brazil" elevation="10" location="Pedra da Garoupa" municipality="Enseada do Principe" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" specimenCode="MZUSP 1563" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Espirito Santo">
|
||
<quantity id="B0389B1DFF82FFFBFD1F42EC7F6EF9E6" box="[732,796,1528,1555]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" unit="mm" value="9.0">9 mm</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCode id="27669E83FF82FFFBFCE942EC7FB8F9E6" box="[810,970,1528,1555]" collectionCode="MZUSP" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">MZUSP 1563</specimenCode>
|
||
);
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="971BAC82FF82FFFBFC1D42EC78B1F9E7" box="[990,1219,1528,1554]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Enseada do Príncipe</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="721F6023FF82FFFBFB0D42EC79EAF9E7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FF6987EEFF82FFE6FF5443957E3FFBAC:721F6023FF82FFFBFB0D42EC79EAF9E7" box="[1230,1432,1528,1554]" country="Brazil" municipality="Enseada do Principe" name="Pedra da Garoupa" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" stateProvince="Espirito Santo">Pedra da Garoupa</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="B0389B1DFF82FFFBFF5441087C98F9C2" box="[151,234,1564,1591]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.04" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" unit="m" value="10.4">
|
||
<elevation id="FCEDD1CBFF82FFFBFF5441087C98F9C2" box="[151,234,1564,1591]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.04" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" unit="m" value="10.4">10.4 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="037E1038FF82FFFBFF3B41087D08F9C3" box="[248,378,1564,1590]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" value="2013-07-16">
|
||
<collectingDate id="133AE9D0FF82FFFBFF3B41087D08F9C3" box="[248,378,1564,1590]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" value="2013-07-16">16.vii.2013</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="61C6FD71FF82FFFBFE4B41087DA1F9C2" box="[392,467,1564,1591]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="generic">1 spec</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="11D1AE3DFF82FFFBFE2241097D86F9C2" box="[481,500,1565,1591]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">R</collectionCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="C7A83CA5FF82FFFBFE3D41087930F9C2" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3080394356" box="[510,1346,1564,1591]" collectingDate="2015-01-08" collectionCode="R" country="Brazil" elevation="9" location="Orelhas" municipality="Enseada" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" specimenCode="MZUSP 1576" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Espirito Santo">
|
||
<quantity id="B0389B1DFF82FFFBFE3D41087E3DF9C2" box="[510,591,1564,1591]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" unit="mm" value="25.0">25 mm</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCode id="27669E83FF82FFFBFD9C41087F71F9C2" box="[607,771,1564,1591]" collectionCode="MZUSP" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">MZUSP 1576</specimenCode>
|
||
);
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="971BAC82FF82FFFBFCD941087F05F9C3" box="[794,887,1564,1590]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Enseada</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
das
|
||
<location id="721F6023FF82FFFBFC6C4108787BF9C3" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FF6987EEFF82FFE6FF5443957E3FFBAC:721F6023FF82FFFBFC6C4108787BF9C3" box="[943,1033,1564,1590]" country="Brazil" municipality="Enseada" name="Orelhas" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" stateProvince="Espirito Santo">Orelhas</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="B0389B1DFF82FFFBFBD441087829F9C2" box="[1047,1115,1564,1591]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.9" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" unit="m" value="8.9">
|
||
<elevation id="FCEDD1CBFF82FFFBFBD441087829F9C2" box="[1047,1115,1564,1591]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.9" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" unit="m" value="8.9">8.9 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="037E1038FF82FFFBFBAA410878B5F9C2" box="[1129,1223,1564,1591]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" value="2015-01-08">
|
||
<collectingDate id="133AE9D0FF82FFFBFBAA410878B5F9C2" box="[1129,1223,1564,1591]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" value="2015-01-08">8.i.2015</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="61C6FD71FF82FFFBFB1541087953F9C2" box="[1238,1313,1564,1591]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="generic">1 spec</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="11D1AE3DFF82FFFBFAEC41097930F9C2" box="[1327,1346,1565,1591]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">R</collectionCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="C7A83CA5FF82FFFBFA8841087D3AF9AE" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3080394379" collectionCode="MZUSP" country="Brazil" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" specimenCode="MZUSP 1570" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Espirito Santo">
|
||
<quantity id="B0389B1DFF82FFFBFA88410879EFF9C2" box="[1355,1437,1564,1591]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.2" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" unit="mm" value="62.0">62 mm</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCode id="27669E83FF82FFFBFF5C41547D32F9AE" box="[159,320,1600,1627]" collectionCode="MZUSP" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">MZUSP 1570</specimenCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="3FDA6573FF82FFE6FF0441707DEDFF0C" lastPageId="50" lastPageNumber="51" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="777F36F8FF82FFFBFF0441707EC6F813" blockId="47.[151,1437,1420,2022]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
|
||
<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFF82FFFBFF0441707F78F98B" bold="true" box="[199,778,1636,1662]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
|
||
Description of largest specimens (R
|
||
<quantity id="B0389B1DFF82FFFBFDBF41707E8FF98B" box="[636,765,1636,1662]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.95" metricValueMax="2.2" metricValueMin="1.7" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" unit="mm" value="19.5" valueMax="22.0" valueMin="17.0">17–22 mm</quantity>
|
||
).
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Disc small; average R/r 4.9 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="EFFB2A7DFF82FFFBFB9F4170789AF98A" box="[1116,1256,1636,1663]" captionStart="FIGURE 26" captionStartId="48.[151,250,1921,1945]" captionTargetBox="[184,1403,345,1897]" captionTargetId="figure-118@48.[184,1403,345,1897]" captionTargetPageId="48" captionText="FIGURE 26. Specimen (R 22 mm) of Ophidiaster guildingi Gray, 1840 (MZUSP 2102): (A) abactinal and (B) actinal view of body; (C) abactinal plates and papular pores; (D) madreporite; (E) oral region; (F) ambulacral furrow (proximal region on the right); (G) terminal region of the arm with ocular plate; and (H) actinal papulae. Scale bars: A–B, 10 mm; C–H, 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4691140" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4691140/files/figure.png" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Fig. 26A–B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Five long, cylindrical, constricted at base. Madreporite subcircular (
|
||
<figureCitation id="EFFB2A7DFF82FFFBFCC0419C7F1FF956" box="[771,877,1672,1699]" captionStart="FIGURE 26" captionStartId="48.[151,250,1921,1945]" captionTargetBox="[184,1403,345,1897]" captionTargetId="figure-118@48.[184,1403,345,1897]" captionTargetPageId="48" captionText="FIGURE 26. Specimen (R 22 mm) of Ophidiaster guildingi Gray, 1840 (MZUSP 2102): (A) abactinal and (B) actinal view of body; (C) abactinal plates and papular pores; (D) madreporite; (E) oral region; (F) ambulacral furrow (proximal region on the right); (G) terminal region of the arm with ocular plate; and (H) actinal papulae. Scale bars: A–B, 10 mm; C–H, 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4691140" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4691140/files/figure.png" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Fig. 26D</figureCitation>
|
||
), evident in interradial area. Anus conspicuous in center of disc, surrounded by 10 spines. Terminal plate round, smaller than arm diameter, with about 8 tubercles (
|
||
<figureCitation id="EFFB2A7DFF82FFFBFF6341C47D7AF91E" box="[160,264,1744,1771]" captionStart="FIGURE 26" captionStartId="48.[151,250,1921,1945]" captionTargetBox="[184,1403,345,1897]" captionTargetId="figure-118@48.[184,1403,345,1897]" captionTargetPageId="48" captionText="FIGURE 26. Specimen (R 22 mm) of Ophidiaster guildingi Gray, 1840 (MZUSP 2102): (A) abactinal and (B) actinal view of body; (C) abactinal plates and papular pores; (D) madreporite; (E) oral region; (F) ambulacral furrow (proximal region on the right); (G) terminal region of the arm with ocular plate; and (H) actinal papulae. Scale bars: A–B, 10 mm; C–H, 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4691140" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4691140/files/figure.png" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Fig. 26G</figureCitation>
|
||
). Abactinal plates (
|
||
<figureCitation id="EFFB2A7DFF82FFFBFE1E41C47E33F91E" box="[477,577,1744,1771]" captionStart="FIGURE 26" captionStartId="48.[151,250,1921,1945]" captionTargetBox="[184,1403,345,1897]" captionTargetId="figure-118@48.[184,1403,345,1897]" captionTargetPageId="48" captionText="FIGURE 26. Specimen (R 22 mm) of Ophidiaster guildingi Gray, 1840 (MZUSP 2102): (A) abactinal and (B) actinal view of body; (C) abactinal plates and papular pores; (D) madreporite; (E) oral region; (F) ambulacral furrow (proximal region on the right); (G) terminal region of the arm with ocular plate; and (H) actinal papulae. Scale bars: A–B, 10 mm; C–H, 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4691140" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4691140/files/figure.png" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Fig. 26C</figureCitation>
|
||
) cruciform, imbricated, covered by flattened granules, and arranged in seven regular rows. Papular areas forming regular rows parallel to abactinal plates; with 4–8 pores proximally (
|
||
<figureCitation id="EFFB2A7DFF82FFFBFAF341E079E6F8FA" box="[1328,1428,1780,1807]" captionStart="FIGURE 26" captionStartId="48.[151,250,1921,1945]" captionTargetBox="[184,1403,345,1897]" captionTargetId="figure-118@48.[184,1403,345,1897]" captionTargetPageId="48" captionText="FIGURE 26. Specimen (R 22 mm) of Ophidiaster guildingi Gray, 1840 (MZUSP 2102): (A) abactinal and (B) actinal view of body; (C) abactinal plates and papular pores; (D) madreporite; (E) oral region; (F) ambulacral furrow (proximal region on the right); (G) terminal region of the arm with ocular plate; and (H) actinal papulae. Scale bars: A–B, 10 mm; C–H, 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4691140" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4691140/files/figure.png" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Fig. 26C</figureCitation>
|
||
) and 3–5 pores distally. Marginal plates similar to abactinal plates. One row of imbricate actinal plates; actinal papular areas with 4–6 papular pores (
|
||
<figureCitation id="EFFB2A7DFF82FFFBFDCB40287E02F8A2" box="[520,624,1852,1879]" captionStart="FIGURE 26" captionStartId="48.[151,250,1921,1945]" captionTargetBox="[184,1403,345,1897]" captionTargetId="figure-118@48.[184,1403,345,1897]" captionTargetPageId="48" captionText="FIGURE 26. Specimen (R 22 mm) of Ophidiaster guildingi Gray, 1840 (MZUSP 2102): (A) abactinal and (B) actinal view of body; (C) abactinal plates and papular pores; (D) madreporite; (E) oral region; (F) ambulacral furrow (proximal region on the right); (G) terminal region of the arm with ocular plate; and (H) actinal papulae. Scale bars: A–B, 10 mm; C–H, 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4691140" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4691140/files/figure.png" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Fig. 26H</figureCitation>
|
||
). Each inferomarginal plate connected to two adjacent actinal plates via a rod-like plate. One row of adambulacral spines, two subequal spines per plate (
|
||
<figureCitation id="EFFB2A7DFF82FFFBFBC84074781CF88E" box="[1035,1134,1888,1915]" captionStart="FIGURE 26" captionStartId="48.[151,250,1921,1945]" captionTargetBox="[184,1403,345,1897]" captionTargetId="figure-118@48.[184,1403,345,1897]" captionTargetPageId="48" captionText="FIGURE 26. Specimen (R 22 mm) of Ophidiaster guildingi Gray, 1840 (MZUSP 2102): (A) abactinal and (B) actinal view of body; (C) abactinal plates and papular pores; (D) madreporite; (E) oral region; (F) ambulacral furrow (proximal region on the right); (G) terminal region of the arm with ocular plate; and (H) actinal papulae. Scale bars: A–B, 10 mm; C–H, 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4691140" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4691140/files/figure.png" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Fig. 26F</figureCitation>
|
||
). One subambulacral spine per plate; spine flattened, tapering, twice as large as adambulacral spine. Space between adambulacral and subambulacral spines (
|
||
<figureCitation id="EFFB2A7DFF82FFFBFE9240BC7DCAF836" box="[337,440,1960,1987]" captionStart="FIGURE 26" captionStartId="48.[151,250,1921,1945]" captionTargetBox="[184,1403,345,1897]" captionTargetId="figure-118@48.[184,1403,345,1897]" captionTargetPageId="48" captionText="FIGURE 26. Specimen (R 22 mm) of Ophidiaster guildingi Gray, 1840 (MZUSP 2102): (A) abactinal and (B) actinal view of body; (C) abactinal plates and papular pores; (D) madreporite; (E) oral region; (F) ambulacral furrow (proximal region on the right); (G) terminal region of the arm with ocular plate; and (H) actinal papulae. Scale bars: A–B, 10 mm; C–H, 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4691140" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4691140/files/figure.png" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Fig. 26E</figureCitation>
|
||
). Oral spines (
|
||
<figureCitation id="EFFB2A7DFF82FFFBFD9E40BC7EB0F836" box="[605,706,1960,1987]" captionStart="FIGURE 26" captionStartId="48.[151,250,1921,1945]" captionTargetBox="[184,1403,345,1897]" captionTargetId="figure-118@48.[184,1403,345,1897]" captionTargetPageId="48" captionText="FIGURE 26. Specimen (R 22 mm) of Ophidiaster guildingi Gray, 1840 (MZUSP 2102): (A) abactinal and (B) actinal view of body; (C) abactinal plates and papular pores; (D) madreporite; (E) oral region; (F) ambulacral furrow (proximal region on the right); (G) terminal region of the arm with ocular plate; and (H) actinal papulae. Scale bars: A–B, 10 mm; C–H, 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4691140" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4691140/files/figure.png" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Fig. 26E</figureCitation>
|
||
) similar to adambulacral spines. Tube feet in two rows, sucking disc with perforated plates. Pedicellariae absent.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="777F36F8FF9DFFE4FF0447827883FEB4" blockId="48.[151,1436,150,321]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFF9DFFE4FF0447827E3CFF45" bold="true" box="[199,590,150,177]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
|
||
Ontogenetic variation (R
|
||
<quantity id="B0389B1DFF9DFFE4FE3A47837E33FF45" box="[505,577,150,177]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" unit="mm" value="7.0">7 mm</quantity>
|
||
).
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Average R/r 2.3. The specimen has short and wide arms, not constricted at the base (
|
||
<figureCitation id="EFFB2A7DFF9DFFE4FEC747AF7DFCFF20" box="[260,398,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 27" captionStartId="49.[151,250,1915,1939]" captionTargetBox="[187,1400,181,1892]" captionTargetId="figure-17@49.[187,1400,181,1892]" captionTargetPageId="49" captionText="FIGURE 27. Specimen (R 7 mm) of Ophidiaster guildingi Gray, 1840 (MZUSP 2102): (A) abactinal and (B) actinal view of body; (C) abactinal plates and papular pores; (D) madreporite; (E) ambulacral furrow (proximal region on the right); (F) oral region; and (G) terminal region of the arm with ocular plate. Scale bars: A–B, 2 mm; C–G, 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4691142" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4691142/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Fig. 27A–B</figureCitation>
|
||
), and a relatively large terminal plate forming the tip of the arm (
|
||
<figureCitation id="EFFB2A7DFF9DFFE4FBB547AF78ADFF20" box="[1142,1247,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 27" captionStartId="49.[151,250,1915,1939]" captionTargetBox="[187,1400,181,1892]" captionTargetId="figure-17@49.[187,1400,181,1892]" captionTargetPageId="49" captionText="FIGURE 27. Specimen (R 7 mm) of Ophidiaster guildingi Gray, 1840 (MZUSP 2102): (A) abactinal and (B) actinal view of body; (C) abactinal plates and papular pores; (D) madreporite; (E) ambulacral furrow (proximal region on the right); (F) oral region; and (G) terminal region of the arm with ocular plate. Scale bars: A–B, 2 mm; C–G, 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4691142" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4691142/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Fig. 27G</figureCitation>
|
||
). The number of spines, tubercles, and papular areas are reduced in some areas, the anus is surrounded by 7–9 spines, terminal plates have 4–5 tubercles, papular areas have 1–3 pores in the abactinal region, and 1–2 pores in the actinal region. Also, abactinal plates are round and not imbricated (
|
||
<figureCitation id="EFFB2A7DFF9DFFE4FD5D46337F77FEB4" box="[670,773,295,321]" captionStart="FIGURE 27" captionStartId="49.[151,250,1915,1939]" captionTargetBox="[187,1400,181,1892]" captionTargetId="figure-17@49.[187,1400,181,1892]" captionTargetPageId="49" captionText="FIGURE 27. Specimen (R 7 mm) of Ophidiaster guildingi Gray, 1840 (MZUSP 2102): (A) abactinal and (B) actinal view of body; (C) abactinal plates and papular pores; (D) madreporite; (E) ambulacral furrow (proximal region on the right); (F) oral region; and (G) terminal region of the arm with ocular plate. Scale bars: A–B, 2 mm; C–G, 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4691142" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4691142/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Fig. 27C</figureCitation>
|
||
), and adambulacral spines equal (
|
||
<figureCitation id="EFFB2A7DFF9DFFE4FBBC46337897FEB4" box="[1151,1253,295,321]" captionStart="FIGURE 27" captionStartId="49.[151,250,1915,1939]" captionTargetBox="[187,1400,181,1892]" captionTargetId="figure-17@49.[187,1400,181,1892]" captionTargetPageId="49" captionText="FIGURE 27. Specimen (R 7 mm) of Ophidiaster guildingi Gray, 1840 (MZUSP 2102): (A) abactinal and (B) actinal view of body; (C) abactinal plates and papular pores; (D) madreporite; (E) ambulacral furrow (proximal region on the right); (F) oral region; and (G) terminal region of the arm with ocular plate. Scale bars: A–B, 2 mm; C–G, 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4691142" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4691142/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Fig. 27E</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="23BF6670FF9DFFE4FF5440957938F815" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4691140" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4691140" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4691140/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" startId="48.[151,250,1921,1945]" targetBox="[184,1403,345,1897]" targetPageId="48">
|
||
<paragraph id="777F36F8FF9DFFE4FF5440957938F815" blockId="48.[151,1436,1921,2017]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFF9DFFE4FF5440957D52F86C" bold="true" box="[151,288,1921,1945]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">FIGURE 26.</emphasis>
|
||
Specimen (R 22 mm) of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B0C04D7BFF9DFFE4FDE040957F07F86C" authority="Gray, 1840" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1840" box="[547,885,1921,1945]" class="Asteroidea" family="Ophidiasteridae" genus="Ophidiaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="guildingi">
|
||
<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFF9DFFE4FDE040957E8CF86C" box="[547,766,1921,1945]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Ophidiaster guildingi</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FF9DFFE4FCC740957F07F86C" author="Gray, J. E." box="[772,885,1921,1945]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="175 - 184" refId="ref55826" refString="Gray, J. E. (1840) A synopsis of the genera and species of the class Hypostoma (Asterias Linnaeus). Annals of the Magazine of Natural History, Series 1, 6 (37), 175 - 184 + 275 - 290. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 03745484009443296" type="journal article" year="1840">Gray, 1840</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(MZUSP 2102): (A) abactinal and (B) actinal view of body; (C) abactinal plates and papular pores; (D) madreporite; (E) oral region; (F) ambulacral furrow (proximal region on the right); (G) terminal region of the arm with ocular plate; and (H) actinal papulae. Scale bars: A–B, 10 mm; C–H, 1 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="23BF6670FF9CFFE5FF54406F7805F82E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4691142" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4691142" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4691142/files/figure.png" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" startId="49.[151,250,1915,1939]" targetBox="[187,1400,181,1892]" targetPageId="49">
|
||
<paragraph id="777F36F8FF9CFFE5FF54406F7805F82E" blockId="49.[151,1436,1915,2012]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFF9CFFE5FF54406F7D53F866" bold="true" box="[151,289,1915,1939]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">FIGURE 27.</emphasis>
|
||
Specimen (R 7 mm) of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B0C04D7BFF9CFFE5FDD840687F1DF861" authority="Gray, 1840" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1840" box="[539,879,1916,1940]" class="Asteroidea" family="Ophidiasteridae" genus="Ophidiaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="guildingi">
|
||
<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFF9CFFE5FDD840687E85F861" box="[539,759,1916,1940]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Ophidiaster guildingi</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FF9CFFE5FD3E40687F1DF861" author="Gray, J. E." box="[765,879,1916,1940]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="175 - 184" refId="ref55826" refString="Gray, J. E. (1840) A synopsis of the genera and species of the class Hypostoma (Asterias Linnaeus). Annals of the Magazine of Natural History, Series 1, 6 (37), 175 - 184 + 275 - 290. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 03745484009443296" type="journal article" year="1840">Gray, 1840</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(MZUSP 2102): (A) abactinal and (B) actinal view of body; (C) abactinal plates and papular pores; (D) madreporite; (E) ambulacral furrow (proximal region on the right); (F) oral region; and (G) terminal region of the arm with ocular plate. Scale bars: A–B, 2 mm; C–G, 1 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="777F36F8FF9FFFE6FF0447827DEDFF0C" blockId="50.[151,1437,150,1113]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFF9FFFE6FF0447827D3DFF45" bold="true" box="[199,335,150,176]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Coloration.</emphasis>
|
||
No record of coloration of
|
||
<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFF9FFFE6FDBC47837EB8FF45" box="[639,714,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">in vivo</emphasis>
|
||
specimens from this region, but specimens from Trindade Island are dark brown (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FF9FFFE6FE9047AF7E56FF20" author="Cunha, R. & Tavares, M. & Mendonca, J. B." box="[339,548,187,213]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="31 - 56" refId="ref53334" refString="Cunha, R., Tavares, M. & Mendonca, J. B. (2020) Asteroidea (Echinodermata) from shallow-waters of the remote oceanic archipelago Trindade and Martin Vaz, southeastern Atlantic, with taxonomic and zoogeographical notes. Zootaxa, 4742 (1), 31 - 56. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4742.1.2" type="journal article" year="2020">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="0FD77668FF9FFFE6FE9047AF7DECFF20" box="[339,414,187,213]" name="Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Cunha</collectingCountry>
|
||
<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFF9FFFE6FE6547AF7DAAFF20" box="[422,472,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2020
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Juveniles from the Caribbean are purple (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FF9FFFE6FBCC47AF7882FF20" author="Hendler, G. & Muller, J. E. & Pawson, D. L. & Kier, P. M." box="[1039,1264,186,213]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" refId="ref56324" refString="Hendler, G., Muller, J. E., Pawson, D. L. & Kier, P. M. (1995) Sea Stars, Sea Urchins and Allies: Echinoderms of Florida and the Caribbean. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, 390 pp." type="book" year="1995">
|
||
Hendler
|
||
<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFF9FFFE6FBB047AF78D7FF20" box="[1139,1189,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 1995
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Specimens in ethanol are pale brown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="3FDA6573FF9FFFE6FF0446167C81FD70" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="777F36F8FF9FFFE6FF0446167EA3FE27" blockId="50.[151,1437,150,1113]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFF9FFFE6FF0446167D13FEE9" bold="true" box="[199,353,258,284]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
Eastern Atlantic:
|
||
<collectingCountry id="0FD77668FF9FFFE6FDED46177EC1FEE8" box="[558,691,259,285]" name="Cape Verde" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Cape Verde</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Gulf of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="0FD77668FF9FFFE6FCD846177F1DFEE8" box="[795,879,259,285]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Guinea</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="0FD77668FF9FFFE6FCB94617784DFEE8" box="[890,1087,259,285]" name="Ascension Island" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Ascension Island</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Western Atlantic:
|
||
<collectingCountry id="0FD77668FF9FFFE6FAD546177911FEE8" box="[1302,1379,259,285]" name="United States of America" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">U.S.A.</collectingCountry>
|
||
(FL, GA, TX),
|
||
<collectingCountry id="0FD77668FF9FFFE6FECB46337D00FEB4" box="[264,370,295,321]" name="Bermuda" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Bermuda</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="0FD77668FF9FFFE6FEBF46337E65FEB4" box="[380,535,295,321]" name="Bahamas" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">The Bahamas</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="0FD77668FF9FFFE6FDE146337E08FEB4" box="[546,634,295,321]" name="Mexico" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="0FD77668FF9FFFE6FD4746337EB0FEB4" box="[644,706,295,321]" name="Cuba" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Cuba</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="0FD77668FF9FFFE6FD0E46337F65FEB4" box="[717,791,295,321]" name="Belize" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Belize</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="0FD77668FF9FFFE6FCE246337F94FEB4" box="[801,998,295,321]" name="Turks and Caicos Islands" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Turks and Caicos</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="0FD77668FF9FFFE6FC2C46337826FEB4" box="[1007,1108,295,321]" name="Anguilla" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Anguilla</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="0FD77668FF9FFFE6FB9D4633793BFEB4" box="[1118,1353,295,321]" name="Dominican Republic" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Dominican Republic</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="0FD77668FF9FFFE6FA9046337CBDFE90" name="Puerto Rico" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Puerto Rico</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="0FD77668FF9FFFE6FF1B465F7D05FE90" box="[216,375,331,357]" name="Virgin Islands" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Virgin Islands</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="0FD77668FF9FFFE6FE42465F7E18FE90" box="[385,618,331,357]" name="Trinidad and Tobago" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Trinidad and Tobago</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Antilles,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="0FD77668FF9FFFE6FD1B465F7F3CFE90" box="[728,846,331,357]" name="Nicaragua" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Nicaragua</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="0FD77668FF9FFFE6FC9B465F7FC6FE90" box="[856,948,331,357]" name="Panama" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Panama</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="0FD77668FF9FFFE6FC7E465F7859FE90" box="[957,1067,331,357]" name="Colombia" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Colombia</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FF9FFFE6FBFA465F78A1FE90" author="Pawson, D. L." box="[1081,1235,331,357]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 31" refId="ref60360" refString="Pawson, D. L. (1978) The echinoderm fauna of Ascension Island, South Atlantic Ocean, Smithsonian. Contributions Marine Sciences, 2, 1 - 31. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 01960768.2.1" type="journal article" year="1978">Pawson 1978</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FF9FFFE6FB1D465F7CA0FE7C" author="Clark, A. M. & Downey, M. E." pageId="50" pageNumber="51" refId="ref52515" refString="Clark, A. M. & Downey, M. E. (1992) Starfishes of the Atlantic. Chapman and Hall, London, 794 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5860 / choice. 30 - 2659" type="book" year="1992">Clark & Downey 1992</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FF9FFFE6FF1C467B7DABFE7C" author="Entrambasaguas, L." box="[223,473,367,393]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" refId="ref54338" refString="Entrambasaguas, L. (2003) Estudio de la fauna de equinodermos del archipielago de Cabo Verde: escalas de variabilidad espacial y factores que explican su distribucion. Tesis de licenciatura no publicada. Universidad de Murcia, Murcia. [unknown pagination]" type="book" year="2003">Entrambasaguas 2003</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FF9FFFE6FE26467B7EB6FE7C" author="Sandino, O. B. & Solis-Marin, F. A. & Caballero-Ochoa, A. A. & Conejeros-Vargas, C. A. & Marquez-Borras, F. & Ayala-Aguilera, A. P. & Laguarda-Figueras, A." box="[485,708,367,393]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="288 - 298" refId="ref62033" refString="Sandino, O. B., Solis-Marin, F. A., Caballero-Ochoa, A. A., Conejeros-Vargas, C. A., Marquez-Borras, F., Ayala-Aguilera, A. P. & Laguarda-Figueras, A. (2017) Equinodermos de Nicaragua: nuevos registros del Pacifico y Caribe Sur. Revista de Biologia Tropical, 65, 288 - 298. https: // doi. org / 10.15517 / rbt. v 65 i 1 - 1.31696" type="journal article" year="2017">
|
||
Sandino
|
||
<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFF9FFFE6FD8A467B7E09FE7C" box="[585,635,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2017
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; Borrero-Peìrez
|
||
<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFF9FFFE6FCBC467B7FC3FE7C" box="[895,945,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2019;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FF9FFFE6FBC4467B78F5FE7C" author="Mah, C. L." box="[1031,1159,367,393]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="201 - 260" refId="ref58219" refString="Mah, C. L. (2020 b) New species, occurrence records and observations of predation by deep-sea Asteroidea (Echinodermata) from the North Atlantic by NOAA ship Okeanos Explorer. Zootaxa, 4766 (2), 201 - 260. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4766.2.1" type="journal article" year="2020">Mah 2020b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<collectingCountry id="0FD77668FF9FFFE6FB63467B7978FE7C" box="[1184,1290,367,393]" name="Brazil" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingRegion id="B504F81AFF9FFFE6FAD7467B792AFE7C" box="[1300,1368,367,393]" country="Brazil" name="Bahia" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Bahia</collectingRegion>
|
||
, Trindade Island,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="B504F81AFF9FFFE6FEE846877E77FE58" box="[299,517,403,429]" country="Brazil" name="Rio Grande do Sul" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Rio Grande do Sul</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FF9FFFE6FDD546877EB7FE58" author="Tommasi, L. R." box="[534,709,403,429]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 61" refId="ref63359" refString="Tommasi, L. R. (1970) Lista dos asteroides recentes do Brasil. Contribuicoes Avulsas do Instituto Oceanografico, Universidade de Sao Paulo, 18, 1 - 61, 38 pls." type="journal article" year="1970">Tommasi 1970</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FF9FFFE6FD1046877809FE58" author="Carrera-Rodriguez, C. J. & Tommasi, L. R." box="[723,1147,403,429]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="51 - 130" refId="ref52036" refString="Carrera-Rodriguez, C. J. & Tommasi, L. R. (1977) Asteroidea de la plataforma continental de Rio Grande do Sul (Brasil), coleccionados durante los viajes del N / Oc. " Prof. W. Besnard " para el proyecto Rio Grande do Sul. Boletim do Instituto Oceanografico da Universidade de Sao Paulo, 26 (1), 51 - 130. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / S 0373 - 55241977000100004" type="journal article" year="1977">Carrera-Rodriguez & Tommasi 1977</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FF9FFFE6FB4A468779E5FE58" author="Tommasi, L. R. & Aron, M. A." box="[1161,1431,403,429]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 6" refId="ref63480" refString="Tommasi, L. R. & Aron, M. A. (1988) Equinodermos da plataforma continental do sudeste do estado da Bahia. Relatos do Instituto Oceanografico da Universidade de Sao Paulo, 19, 1 - 6." type="journal article" year="1988">Tommasi & Aron 1988</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FF9FFFE6FF5446A37D11FE24" author="Cunha, R. & Tavares, M. & Mendonca, J. B." box="[151,355,439,465]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="31 - 56" refId="ref53334" refString="Cunha, R., Tavares, M. & Mendonca, J. B. (2020) Asteroidea (Echinodermata) from shallow-waters of the remote oceanic archipelago Trindade and Martin Vaz, southeastern Atlantic, with taxonomic and zoogeographical notes. Zootaxa, 4742 (1), 31 - 56. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4742.1.2" type="journal article" year="2020">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="0FD77668FF9FFFE6FF5446A37C92FE24" box="[151,224,439,465]" name="Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Cunha</collectingCountry>
|
||
<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFF9FFFE6FF2446A37D6BFE24" box="[231,281,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2020
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFF9FFFE6FEB546A37DB4FE24" bold="true" box="[374,454,439,465]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Depth.</emphasis>
|
||
<quantity id="B0389B1DFF9FFFE6FE0E46A27E42FE24" box="[461,560,438,465]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.225" metricValueMax="4.45" metricValueMin="0.0" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" unit="m" value="222.5" valueMax="445.0" valueMin="0.0">0–445 m</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FF9FFFE6FDFD46A37EB7FE27" author="Mah, C. L." box="[574,709,439,466]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="201 - 260" refId="ref58219" refString="Mah, C. L. (2020 b) New species, occurrence records and observations of predation by deep-sea Asteroidea (Echinodermata) from the North Atlantic by NOAA ship Okeanos Explorer. Zootaxa, 4766 (2), 201 - 260. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4766.2.1" type="journal article" year="2020">Mah 2020b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="777F36F8FF9FFFE6FF0446CE7C81FD70" blockId="50.[151,1437,150,1113]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFF9FFFE6FF0446CE7DFFFE00" bold="true" box="[199,397,474,501]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Biological notes.</emphasis>
|
||
In
|
||
<collectingRegion id="B504F81AFF9FFFE6FE7B46CF7D8EFE00" box="[440,508,475,501]" country="Brazil" name="Bahia" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Bahia</collectingRegion>
|
||
, this species is found in rubble and coral reef ecosystems, calcareous rocks and gravel (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FF9FFFE6FF2E46EB7D8AFDEC" author="Tommasi, L. R. & Aron, M. A." box="[237,504,511,537]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 6" refId="ref63480" refString="Tommasi, L. R. & Aron, M. A. (1988) Equinodermos da plataforma continental do sudeste do estado da Bahia. Relatos do Instituto Oceanografico da Universidade de Sao Paulo, 19, 1 - 6." type="journal article" year="1988">Tommasi & Aron 1988</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Although
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B0C04D7BFF9FFFE6FD4246EB7F78FDEC" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1840" box="[641,778,511,537]" class="Asteroidea" family="Ophidiasteridae" genus="Ophidiaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="guildingi">
|
||
<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFF9FFFE6FD4246EB7F78FDEC" box="[641,778,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">O. guildingi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is not widely distributed, it is generally abundant locally.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B0C04D7BFF9FFFE6FF5445377DFBFDC8" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1840" box="[151,393,547,573]" class="Asteroidea" family="Ophidiasteridae" genus="Ophidiaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="guildingi">
|
||
<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFF9FFFE6FF5445377DFBFDC8" box="[151,393,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Ophidiaster guildingi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a slow-moving species (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FF9FFFE6FD7445377FE3FDC8" author="Hendler, G. & Muller, J. E. & Pawson, D. L. & Kier, P. M." box="[695,913,546,573]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" refId="ref56324" refString="Hendler, G., Muller, J. E., Pawson, D. L. & Kier, P. M. (1995) Sea Stars, Sea Urchins and Allies: Echinoderms of Florida and the Caribbean. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, 390 pp." type="book" year="1995">
|
||
Hendler
|
||
<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFF9FFFE6FCD945377F39FDC8" box="[794,843,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 1995
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and can reproduce asexually and regenerate a new individual from a single arm (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FF9FFFE6FDDF45537ECFFD94" author="Haeckel, E." box="[540,701,583,609]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="424 - 445" refId="ref56221" refString="Haeckel, E. (1878) Die Kometenform der Seesterne und der Generationswechsel der Echinodermum. Zeitschrift fur Wissenschaftliche Zoologie, 30 (Supplement), 424 - 445." type="journal article" year="1878">Haeckel 1878</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The specimens from
|
||
<collectingRegion id="B504F81AFF9FFFE6FC7F45537F8FFD94" box="[956,1021,583,609]" country="Brazil" name="Bahia" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Bahia</collectingRegion>
|
||
did not show signs of asexual reproduction.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="3FDA6573FF9FFFE6FF04459B7FC2FD38" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="777F36F8FF9FFFE6FF04459B78CCFD5C" blockId="50.[151,1437,150,1113]" box="[199,1214,655,681]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFF9FFFE6FF04459B7D49FD5C" bold="true" box="[199,315,655,681]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<typeStatus id="A87B885AFF9FFFE6FF04459B7D44FD5C" box="[199,310,655,681]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
The type specimen of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B0C04D7BFF9FFFE6FDF8459B7EB0FD5C" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1840" box="[571,706,655,681]" class="Asteroidea" family="Ophidiasteridae" genus="Ophidiaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="guildingi">
|
||
<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFF9FFFE6FDF8459B7EB0FD5C" box="[571,706,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">O. guildingi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has not been found (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FF9FFFE6FC6F459B78C0FD5C" author="Clark, A. M. & Downey, M. E." box="[940,1202,655,681]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" refId="ref52515" refString="Clark, A. M. & Downey, M. E. (1992) Starfishes of the Atlantic. Chapman and Hall, London, 794 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5860 / choice. 30 - 2659" type="book" year="1992">Clark & Downey 1992</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="777F36F8FF9FFFE6FF0445A77FC2FD38" blockId="50.[151,1437,150,1113]" box="[199,944,690,717]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFF9FFFE6FF0445A77D14FD39" bold="true" box="[199,358,690,717]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Type locality.</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="0FD77668FF9FFFE6FEAF45A77D95FD38" box="[364,487,691,717]" name="Virgin Islands" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">St Thomas</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="0FD77668FF9FFFE6FE3145A77EFDFD38" box="[498,655,691,717]" name="Virgin Islands" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Virgin Islands</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FF9FFFE6FD5D45A77FD1FD38" author="Clark, A. M. & Downey, M. E." box="[670,931,691,717]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" refId="ref52515" refString="Clark, A. M. & Downey, M. E. (1992) Starfishes of the Atlantic. Chapman and Hall, London, 794 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5860 / choice. 30 - 2659" type="book" year="1992">Clark & Downey 1992</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="3FDA6573FF9FFFE6FF0445C37E3FFBAC" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="777F36F8FF9FFFE6FF0445C3780AFC50" blockId="50.[151,1437,150,1113]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFF9FFFE6FF0445C37D49FD04" bold="true" box="[199,315,727,753]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
This species is generally small, growing only up to R
|
||
<quantity id="B0389B1DFF9FFFE6FC6D45C37870FD04" box="[942,1026,727,753]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.2" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" unit="mm" value="62.0">62 mm</quantity>
|
||
; according to H.L.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FF9FFFE6FB2345C37901FD04" author="Clark, H. L." box="[1248,1395,727,753]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 147" refId="ref52897" refString="Clark, H. L. (1933) A handbook of the littoral echinoderms of Porto Rico and the other West Indian Islands. Scientific Survey of Puerto Rico, 16, 1 - 147." type="journal article" year="1933">Clark (1933)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B0C04D7BFF9FFFE6FA4245C37C8EFCE0" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1840" class="Asteroidea" family="Ophidiasteridae" genus="Ophidiaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="guildingi">
|
||
<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFF9FFFE6FA4245C37C8EFCE0" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">O. guildingi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
reaches maturity at R
|
||
<quantity id="B0389B1DFF9FFFE6FE3445EE7E3BFCE0" box="[503,585,762,789]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" unit="mm" value="45.0">45 mm</quantity>
|
||
. As noted above, the number of pores per papular area varies with ontogeny. Specimens from Trindade Island with R
|
||
<quantity id="B0389B1DFF9FFFE6FDA7440B7ED4FCCC" box="[612,678,799,825]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" unit="mm" value="9.0">9 mm</quantity>
|
||
have 1–2 pores, with R
|
||
<quantity id="B0389B1DFF9FFFE6FC7F440A787EFCCC" box="[956,1036,798,825]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" unit="mm" value="25.0">25 mm</quantity>
|
||
have 3–6 pores and with R
|
||
<quantity id="B0389B1DFF9FFFE6FA8E440B79EFFCCC" box="[1357,1437,799,825]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.2" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" unit="mm" value="62.0">62 mm</quantity>
|
||
have 5–12 pores. At R
|
||
<quantity id="B0389B1DFF9FFFE6FE5144577D90FCA8" box="[402,482,835,861]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" unit="mm" value="33.0">33 mm</quantity>
|
||
, specimens have 5–12 pores (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FF9FFFE6FCE944577FB9FCA8" author="Downey, M. E." box="[810,971,835,861]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 158" refId="ref54261" refString="Downey, M. E. (1973) Starfishes from the Caribbean and the Gulf of Mexico. Smithsonian Contributions Zoology, 126, 1 - 158. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00810282.126" type="journal article" year="1973">Downey 1973</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), and the maximum number of pores is 15 (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FF9FFFE6FF5C44737DD2FC74" author="Clark, A. M. & Downey, M. E." box="[159,416,871,897]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" refId="ref52515" refString="Clark, A. M. & Downey, M. E. (1992) Starfishes of the Atlantic. Chapman and Hall, London, 794 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5860 / choice. 30 - 2659" type="book" year="1992">Clark & Downey 1992</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FF9FFFE6FE7144737EB3FC74" author="Clark, A. M. & Downey, M. E." box="[434,705,871,897]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" refId="ref52515" refString="Clark, A. M. & Downey, M. E. (1992) Starfishes of the Atlantic. Chapman and Hall, London, 794 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5860 / choice. 30 - 2659" type="book" year="1992">Clark & Downey (1992)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
also noted the rare occurrence of pedicellariae in large specimens, but
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FF9FFFE6FF01449F7DEEFC50" author="Cunha, R. & Tavares, M. & Mendonca, J. B." box="[194,412,907,933]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="31 - 56" refId="ref53334" refString="Cunha, R., Tavares, M. & Mendonca, J. B. (2020) Asteroidea (Echinodermata) from shallow-waters of the remote oceanic archipelago Trindade and Martin Vaz, southeastern Atlantic, with taxonomic and zoogeographical notes. Zootaxa, 4742 (1), 31 - 56. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4742.1.2" type="journal article" year="2020">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="0FD77668FF9FFFE6FF01449F7D79FC50" box="[194,267,907,933]" name="Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Cunha</collectingCountry>
|
||
<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFF9FFFE6FED1449F7D31FC50" box="[274,323,907,933]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2020)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
did not find pedicellariae in the specimens from Trindade Island.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="777F36F8FF9FFFE6FF0444BB7E3FFBAC" blockId="50.[151,1437,150,1113]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B0C04D7BFF9FFFE6FF0444BB7DCAFC3C" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1840" box="[199,440,943,969]" class="Asteroidea" family="Ophidiasteridae" genus="Ophidiaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="guildingi">
|
||
<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFF9FFFE6FF0444BB7DCAFC3C" box="[199,440,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Ophidiaster guildingi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B0C04D7BFF9FFFE6FD8B44BB7EA5FC3C" authorityName="Verrill" authorityYear="1915" box="[584,727,943,969]" class="Asteroidea" family="Ophidiasteridae" genus="Ophidiaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="alexandri">
|
||
<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFF9FFFE6FD8B44BB7E2EFC3C" box="[584,604,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">O</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFF9FFFE6FDAA44BB7EA5FC3C" box="[617,727,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">alexandri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFF9FFFE6FD1444BB7EA9FC3C" box="[727,731,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">,</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B0C04D7BFF9FFFE6FD2244BB7F3AFC3C" baseAuthorityName="Downey" baseAuthorityYear="1970" box="[737,840,943,969]" class="Asteroidea" family="Ophidiasteridae" genus="Ophidiaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="bullisi">
|
||
<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFF9FFFE6FD2244BB7E87FC3C" box="[737,757,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">O</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFF9FFFE6FCC144BB7F3AFC3C" box="[770,840,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">bullisi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B0C04D7BFF9FFFE6FCBF44BB7FAFFC3D" authorityName="Sibuet" authorityYear="1977" box="[892,989,943,969]" class="Asteroidea" family="Ophidiasteridae" genus="Ophidiaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="reyssi">
|
||
<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFF9FFFE6FCBF44BB7FE2FC3C" box="[892,912,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">O</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFF9FFFE6FC5E44BB7FAFFC3D" box="[925,989,943,968]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">reyssi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by having only one row of actinal plates (vs. 3–5 rows in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B0C04D7BFF9FFFE6FE9B44C77D94FC18" authorityName="Verrill" authorityYear="1915" box="[344,486,979,1005]" class="Asteroidea" family="Ophidiasteridae" genus="Ophidiaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="alexandri">
|
||
<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFF9FFFE6FE9B44C77D1EFC18" box="[344,364,979,1005]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">O</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFF9FFFE6FEB844C77D94FC18" box="[379,486,979,1005]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">alexandri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; two rows in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B0C04D7BFF9FFFE6FD4644C77E9DFC18" baseAuthorityName="Downey" baseAuthorityYear="1970" box="[645,751,979,1005]" class="Asteroidea" family="Ophidiasteridae" genus="Ophidiaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="bullisi">
|
||
<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFF9FFFE6FD4644C77EEBFC18" box="[645,665,979,1005]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">O</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFF9FFFE6FD6A44C77E9DFC18" box="[681,751,979,1005]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">bullisi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; and four rows in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B0C04D7BFF9FFFE6FC0044C77854FC19" authorityName="Sibuet" authorityYear="1977" box="[963,1062,979,1005]" class="Asteroidea" family="Ophidiasteridae" genus="Ophidiaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="reyssi">
|
||
<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFF9FFFE6FC0044C77FA5FC18" box="[963,983,979,1005]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">O</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFF9FFFE6FC2544C77854FC19" box="[998,1062,979,1004]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">reyssi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B0C04D7BFF9FFFE6FBBC44C77898FC18" authorityName="Clark" authorityYear="1948" box="[1151,1258,979,1005]" class="Asteroidea" family="Ophidiasteridae" genus="Ophidiaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="bayeri">
|
||
<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFF9FFFE6FBBC44C778E1FC18" box="[1151,1171,979,1005]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">O</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFF9FFFE6FB6144C77898FC18" box="[1186,1258,979,1005]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">bayeri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by having only one row of subambulacral spines (vs. two rows); from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B0C04D7BFF9FFFE6FD3A44E37FE5FBE4" baseAuthorityName="Lamarck" baseAuthorityYear="1816" box="[761,919,1015,1041]" class="Asteroidea" family="Ophidiasteridae" genus="Ophidiaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="ophidianus">
|
||
<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFF9FFFE6FD3A44E37F7FFBE4" box="[761,781,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">O</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFF9FFFE6FCD844E37FE5FBE4" box="[795,919,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">ophidianus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by having up to 15 pores per papular area (vs. more than 20 pores) and flat and tapering spines subambulacral spines (vs. cylindrical and blunt) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FF9FFFE6FB11430F7921FBC0" author="Clark, H. L." box="[1234,1363,1051,1077]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 223" refId="ref52814" refString="Clark, H. L. (1921) The echinoderm fauna of Torres Strait: Its composition and its origin. Carnegie Institution of Washington Publication, 10, 1 - 223. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 14613" type="journal article" year="1921">Clark 1921</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FF9FFFE6FA9D430F7D27FBAC" author="Clark, A. M. & Downey, M. E." pageId="50" pageNumber="51" refId="ref52515" refString="Clark, A. M. & Downey, M. E. (1992) Starfishes of the Atlantic. Chapman and Hall, London, 794 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5860 / choice. 30 - 2659" type="book" year="1992">Clark & Downey 1992</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="13514B09FF9FFFE6FEA2432B7E33FBAC" author="Madeira, P. & Kroh, A. & Cordeiro, R. & Frias, D. E. & Martins, A. M. & Avila, S. P." box="[353,577,1087,1113]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 231" refId="ref57831" refString="Madeira, P., Kroh, A., Cordeiro, R., Frias, D. E., Martins, A. M. & Avila, S. P. (2019) The Echinoderm Fauna of the Azores (NE Atlantic Ocean). Zootaxa, 4639 (1), 1 - 231. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4639.1" type="journal article" year="2019">
|
||
Madeira
|
||
<emphasis id="45B4EAEAFF9FFFE6FE06432B7D84FBAC" box="[453,502,1087,1113]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2019
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |