577 lines
83 KiB
XML
577 lines
83 KiB
XML
<document id="8F645599863656EFD38F1A6FC49AFEBE" ID-CLB-Dataset="27432" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4560.1.2" ID-GBIF-Dataset="ee54dc2d-120e-4ba7-a8b8-9ac56193eb73" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="2627364" ID-ZooBank="B5872C5F-0A76-4F7D-8907-F0ADAC731697" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1554322428414" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Williams, Bronwyn W., Delekta, Emmy M. & Loughman, Zachary J." docDate="2019" docId="CD54E26DA655FF9FD7B9FD5D1CB683B7" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4560.1.2.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4560 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Cambarus acuminatus Faxon 1884" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" masterDocId="316D9A15A657FF97D72EFFB51E2B8243" masterDocTitle="Redescription and circumscription of the Acuminate Crayfish, Cambarus acuminatus Faxon, 1884 (Decapoda: Cambaridae)" updateTime="1698717793826" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="776A1D484EA052F12B5ECD3C9D654212">Redescription and circumscription of the Acuminate Crayfish, Cambarus acuminatus Faxon, 1884 (Decapoda: Cambaridae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="04631046D88E6E729D93F1E599A3A93E">Williams, Bronwyn W.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="8F342582BC749B6246AAE969BF288A2D">Delekta, Emmy M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="B0DCD3245AF3C4B7D275B3F02FD49304">Loughman, Zachary J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="FD2B4BC76744253A1C17EF2A3414F25F">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="6F0FBB8DEF61F998F49AA0E950EBD087">
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<mods:date id="54AAB0D834373C83996B37B9ED0CC0EF">2019</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="F6A1951D162FE3FD369375171F7D08DF">2019-02-22</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="5AB07906F8313E7D8D16D87990542E3C" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4560.1.2</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="CD54E26DA655FF9FD7B9FD5D1CB683B7" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5945363" ID-GBIF-Taxon="154532355" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5945363" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:CD54E26DA655FF9FD7B9FD5D1CB683B7" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/CD54E26DA655FF9FD7B9FD5D1CB683B7" lastPageId="8" pageId="2">
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<subSubSection id="0DE700F0A655FF95D7B9FD5D1C638140" box="[151,584,744,771]" pageId="2" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="4542537BA655FF95D7B9FD5D1C638140" blockId="2.[151,584,744,805]" box="[151,584,744,771]" pageId="2">
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<heading id="1E0AE417A655FF95D7B9FD5D1C638140" bold="true" box="[151,584,744,771]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="82FD28F8A655FF95D7B9FD5D1C638140" ID-CoL="7RTVK" authority="Faxon, 1884" authorityName="Faxon" authorityYear="1884" box="[151,584,744,771]" class="Malacostraca" family="Cambaridae" genus="Cambarus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acuminatus">
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<emphasis id="77898F69A655FF95D7B9FD5D1C638140" bold="true" box="[151,584,744,771]" pageId="2">
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<emphasis id="77898F69A655FF95D7B9FD5D1F818141" bold="true" box="[151,426,744,770]" italics="true" pageId="2">Cambarus acuminatus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="216C2E8AA655FF95D69EFD5C1C638140" author="Faxon, W." box="[432,584,745,771]" pageId="2" pagination="107 - 158" refId="ref5895" refString="Faxon, W. (1884) Descriptions of new species of Cambarus; to which is added a synonymical list of the known species of Cambarus and Astacus. Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, 20, 107 - 158." type="journal article" year="1884">Faxon, 1884</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="0DE700F0A655FF95D7B9FCB91FFD8167" box="[151,470,780,805]" pageId="2" type="description">
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<paragraph id="4542537BA655FF95D7B9FCB91FFD8167" blockId="2.[151,584,744,805]" box="[151,470,780,805]" pageId="2">
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<figureCitation id="DDC64FFEA655FF95D7B9FCB91F2B8167" box="[151,256,780,805]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1632,1654]" captionTargetBox="[237,1334,209,1592]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[218,1376,195,1613]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1. Map showing the distribution of Cambarus acuminatus sensu lato based on records in the North Carolina Museum of Natural Sciences (NCSM) Non-molluscan Invertebrate Collection (green circles), the West Liberty University (WLU) Crayfish Collection (yellow circles), and the Smithsonian Institution’s National Museum of Natural History (USNM) Invertebrate Zoology Collection (orange circles). Sub-basins (HUC-8 level) with solid shading denote the distribution of the C. species C complex; the dashed sub-basin denotes the Saluda River drainage, to which C. acuminatus sensu stricto is restricted." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2627366/files/figure.png" pageId="2">Figures 1</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="DDC64FFEA655FF95D620FCB91F308167" box="[270,283,780,804]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1911,1933]" captionTargetBox="[214,1372,193,1896]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[214,1372,193,1896]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Cambarus acuminatus (A) lateral view of carapace; (B) dorsal view of carapace; (C) epistome; (D) annulus ventralis; (E) lateral and (F) mesial view of form I gonopod; (G) lateral and (H) mesial view of form II gonopod; (I) telson and uropods; (J) dorsal view of right carpus and chelae, and; (K) dorsal view of right antennal scale. A–C, E–F, and I–J from form I male (NCSM 21000); D and K from adult female (NCSM 21001); G–H from form II male (NCSM 21002)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2627368/files/figure.png" pageId="2">2</figureCitation>
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A–K, 3,
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<tableCitation id="087F66C0A655FF95D652FCB91FFB8167" box="[380,464,780,805]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,239,152,175]" captionText="TABLE 1. Morphological measurements (mm) of Cambarus acuminatus form I male, MI (NCSM 21000), female, F (NCSM 21001), and form II male, MII (NCSM 21002)." pageId="2">Table 1</tableCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="0DE700F0A655FF95D7B9FCE11D8E851F" pageId="2" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="4542537BA655FF95D7B9FCE11CEC862B" blockId="2.[151,1437,852,2029]" pageId="2">
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<emphasis id="77898F69A655FF95D7B9FCE11F3A812E" bold="true" box="[151,273,852,877]" pageId="2">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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Body and eyes pigmented. Rostrum lanceolate, weakly excavated, and ventrally deflected anteriorly, rostral margins pronounced and entire to acumen, and sub-parallel; converging to acumen. Acumen acuminate with prominent dorsally deflected spiniform tubercle at terminus. Areola 2.8–4.1 (x̄= 3.4, σ = 0.4,
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<emphasis id="77898F69A655FF95D39EFC281A9581F7" box="[1200,1214,925,948]" italics="true" pageId="2">n</emphasis>
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= 15) times as long as wide with 3–5 (usually 3) punctations across narrowest point. Lateral portion of branchiostegal region of carapace heavily punctate; strong cervical spines present. Mandibular and orbital regions of carapace also punctate with well-developed tubercles. Prominent branchiostegal, basipodite, and ischiopodite spines present. Postorbital ridge terminating anteriorly in well-developed spine. Suborbital angle acute. TCL 1.8–2.1 (x̄= 1.9, σ = 0.1,
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<emphasis id="77898F69A655FF95D265FB981B728607" box="[1355,1369,1069,1092]" italics="true" pageId="2">n</emphasis>
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= 15) times greater than width. Postorbital angle absent.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="4542537BA655FF95D7E9FBC01C098696" blockId="2.[151,1437,852,2029]" pageId="2">Form I and II males possessing hook on ischium of third pereopod only; hook gently curved at apex, overarching basioischial joint in form I males, not reaching basioischial joint in form II males; hook not opposed by tubercle on third pereopod boss.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="4542537BA655FF95D7E9FB6A1A088793" blockId="2.[151,1437,852,2029]" pageId="2">Mesial surface of palm of chela possessing two rows of tubercles; first row consisting of 5–8 tubercles; second row 4–6. Single well-pronounced subpalmar tubercle present. Dorsomedian ridge of fixed finger of propodus pronounced. Lateral impression at base of fixed finger. Chelae palm punctate. Dactyl possessing strong dorsal longitudinal ridges with pronounced tubercles. Both dactyl and propodus possessing enlarged tooth or denticle at midlength in opposition to each other. Dactyl and fixed finger each with sharp corneous subterminal tip. Ventrolateral margin of merus with three enlarged spines; ventralmesial margin with 6–10 smaller spines. Well developed enlarged carpal spine present surrounded by additional smaller spines.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="4542537BA655FF95D7E9FA691F14848E" blockId="2.[151,1437,852,2029]" pageId="2">Gonopod of form I male with long terminal elements. Central projection sickle shaped and not tapering distally; recurved> 90° to main shaft of gonopod, possessing subapical notch. Gonopod lacking caudal knob. Mesial process directed approximately 90° to shaft, bent cephalolaterally; inflated proximally with distinct hump; tapering to a blunt terminus distinctly caudal to slightly cephalic of terminance of central projection, and; not projecting beyond gonopods umbo. Annulus ventralis immovable; distinctly asymmetrical caudally; cephalic portion with median trough leading to strongly sculptured central fossa; exaggerated “S” bend in sinus terminating at caudal edge.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="4542537BA655FF95D7E9F9621D8E851F" blockId="2.[151,1437,852,2029]" pageId="2">
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<emphasis id="77898F69A655FF95D7E9F9621ED584B3" bold="true" box="[199,254,1751,1776]" pageId="2">Size.</emphasis>
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Form I male (
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<emphasis id="77898F69A655FF95D68CF96C1F9B84B3" box="[418,432,1753,1776]" italics="true" pageId="2">n</emphasis>
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= 16) TCL ranges in size from 13.3–21.0 mm (PCL
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<quantity id="8205FE9EA655FF95D32BF9621A8384B3" box="[1029,1192,1751,1776]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.425" metricValueMax="1.68" metricValueMin="1.17" pageId="2" unit="mm" value="14.25" valueMax="16.8" valueMin="11.7">11.7–16.8 mm</quantity>
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) with a mean TCL of
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<quantity id="8205FE9EA655FF95D7B9F9491ED68557" box="[151,253,1788,1813]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.69" pageId="2" unit="mm" value="16.9">16.9 mm</quantity>
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. Mean TCL of form II male (
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<emphasis id="77898F69A655FF95D56AF9481C798557" box="[580,594,1789,1812]" italics="true" pageId="2">n</emphasis>
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= 5) is
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<quantity id="8205FE9EA655FF95D588F9491D278557" box="[678,780,1788,1813]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3599999999999999" pageId="2" unit="mm" value="13.6">13.6 mm</quantity>
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, ranging in size from
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<quantity id="8205FE9EA655FF95D4D0F9491A8B8557" box="[1022,1184,1788,1813]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.41" metricValueMax="1.67" metricValueMin="1.15" pageId="2" unit="mm" value="14.1" valueMax="16.7" valueMin="11.5">11.5–16.7 mm</quantity>
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(PCL 10.0–12.0 mm). Female (
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<emphasis id="77898F69A655FF95D7D4F8941F23857B" box="[250,264,1825,1848]" italics="true" pageId="2">n</emphasis>
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= 6) mean TCL is
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<quantity id="8205FE9EA655FF95D6F0F8AA1C69857B" box="[478,578,1823,1848]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6199999999999999" pageId="2" unit="mm" value="16.2">16.2 mm</quantity>
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and ranges from
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<quantity id="8205FE9EA655FF95D428F8951D81857B" box="[774,938,1824,1848]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7149999999999999" metricValueMax="2.01" metricValueMin="1.42" pageId="2" unit="mm" value="17.15" valueMax="20.1" valueMin="14.2">14.2–20.1 mm</quantity>
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(PCL
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<quantity id="8205FE9EA655FF95D4DAF8951AB0857B" box="[1012,1179,1824,1848]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.47" metricValueMax="1.71" metricValueMin="1.23" pageId="2" unit="mm" value="14.7" valueMax="17.1" valueMin="12.3">12.3–17.1 mm</quantity>
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). The largest specimen examined was a form I male with a TCL of 21.0 mm (PCL 16.0 mm).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="0DE700F0A655FF91D7E9F8D21D41850C" lastPageId="6" pageId="2" type="description">
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<paragraph id="4542537BA655FF94D7E9F8D21D7C87A8" blockId="2.[151,1437,852,2029]" lastBlockId="3.[151,1437,1257,2017]" lastPageId="3" pageId="2">
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<emphasis id="77898F69A655FF95D7E9F8D21D9585C3" bold="true" box="[199,958,1895,1920]" pageId="2">
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Male, form I (NCSM 21000;
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<figureCitation id="DDC64FFEA655FF95D517F8D21CA085C3" box="[569,651,1895,1920]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1911,1933]" captionTargetBox="[214,1372,193,1896]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[214,1372,193,1896]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Cambarus acuminatus (A) lateral view of carapace; (B) dorsal view of carapace; (C) epistome; (D) annulus ventralis; (E) lateral and (F) mesial view of form I gonopod; (G) lateral and (H) mesial view of form II gonopod; (I) telson and uropods; (J) dorsal view of right carpus and chelae, and; (K) dorsal view of right antennal scale. A–C, E–F, and I–J from form I male (NCSM 21000); D and K from adult female (NCSM 21001); G–H from form II male (NCSM 21002)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2627368/files/figure.png" pageId="2">Figs. 2</figureCitation>
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A–C, E–F, I–J,
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<tableCitation id="087F66C0A655FF95D47CF8D21D8585C3" box="[850,942,1895,1920]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,239,152,175]" captionText="TABLE 1. Morphological measurements (mm) of Cambarus acuminatus form I male, MI (NCSM 21000), female, F (NCSM 21001), and form II male, MII (NCSM 21002)." pageId="2">Table 1</tableCitation>
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).
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</emphasis>
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Body (
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<figureCitation id="DDC64FFEA655FF95D332F8D21AB585C3" box="[1052,1182,1895,1920]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1911,1933]" captionTargetBox="[214,1372,193,1896]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[214,1372,193,1896]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Cambarus acuminatus (A) lateral view of carapace; (B) dorsal view of carapace; (C) epistome; (D) annulus ventralis; (E) lateral and (F) mesial view of form I gonopod; (G) lateral and (H) mesial view of form II gonopod; (I) telson and uropods; (J) dorsal view of right carpus and chelae, and; (K) dorsal view of right antennal scale. A–C, E–F, and I–J from form I male (NCSM 21000); D and K from adult female (NCSM 21001); G–H from form II male (NCSM 21002)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2627368/files/figure.png" pageId="2">Fig. 2A, B</figureCitation>
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) Slightly compressed dorsoventrally; thoracic section of carapace slightly wider than abdomen and cephalic section of carapace. Carapace height less than carapace width (16.3 and
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<quantity id="8205FE9EA655FF95D5CEF8051D6C858B" box="[736,839,1968,1992]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.81" pageId="2" unit="mm" value="18.1">18.1 mm</quantity>
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, respectively). TCL
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<quantity id="8205FE9EA655FF95D301F8051ABD858B" box="[1071,1174,1968,1992]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.4299999999999997" pageId="2" unit="mm" value="34.3">34.3 mm</quantity>
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; PCL 28.0 mm. Areola 3.5 times longer than wide, with 4 punctations across narrowest part; length of areola 33.5% of TCL (41.1% of PCL). Rostrum narrow and lanceolate with acuminate acumen and weakly excavated equally along length; margins slightly thickened and converging caudal to acumen; floor of rostrum with numerous punctations. Rostrum 1.7 times longer than wide. Rostrum distinctly lanceolate, ending in dorsally turned corneous tip (
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<figureCitation id="DDC64FFEA654FF94D39BFA991B248707" box="[1205,1295,1324,1349]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1911,1933]" captionTargetBox="[214,1372,193,1896]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[214,1372,193,1896]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Cambarus acuminatus (A) lateral view of carapace; (B) dorsal view of carapace; (C) epistome; (D) annulus ventralis; (E) lateral and (F) mesial view of form I gonopod; (G) lateral and (H) mesial view of form II gonopod; (I) telson and uropods; (J) dorsal view of right carpus and chelae, and; (K) dorsal view of right antennal scale. A–C, E–F, and I–J from form I male (NCSM 21000); D and K from adult female (NCSM 21001); G–H from form II male (NCSM 21002)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2627368/files/figure.png" pageId="3">Fig. 2A</figureCitation>
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). Postorbital ridges moderate in length, terminating in spinose dorsally deflected tubercles. Suborbital angle inconspicuous, i.e., absent
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<emphasis id="77898F69A654FF94D7C7FADA1F0C87C5" box="[233,295,1391,1414]" italics="true" pageId="3">sensu</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="216C2E8AA654FF94D61CFADB1FFB87C4" author="Hobbs, Jr., H. H." box="[306,464,1390,1415]" pageId="3" pagination="1 - 549" refId="ref6494" refString="Hobbs, Jr., H. H. (1981) The crayfishes of Georgia. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, 318, 1 - 549. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00810282.318" type="journal article" year="1981">Hobbs (1981)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="DDC64FFEA654FF94D6CAFADB1C6987C4" box="[484,578,1390,1415]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1911,1933]" captionTargetBox="[214,1372,193,1896]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[214,1372,193,1896]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Cambarus acuminatus (A) lateral view of carapace; (B) dorsal view of carapace; (C) epistome; (D) annulus ventralis; (E) lateral and (F) mesial view of form I gonopod; (G) lateral and (H) mesial view of form II gonopod; (I) telson and uropods; (J) dorsal view of right carpus and chelae, and; (K) dorsal view of right antennal scale. A–C, E–F, and I–J from form I male (NCSM 21000); D and K from adult female (NCSM 21001); G–H from form II male (NCSM 21002)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2627368/files/figure.png" pageId="3">Fig. 2A</figureCitation>
|
||
). Prominent, large cervical spine present; mandibular, branchiostegal, and orbital regions of carapace heavily tuberculated; greatest tubercle density in hepatic region. Tubercles in the hepatic region prominent and well developed. Prominent, large branchiostegal spine present, and antennal ischiopodite and antennal basiopodite spines present (
|
||
<figureCitation id="DDC64FFEA654FF94D5DFFA671D6287A8" box="[753,841,1490,1515]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1911,1933]" captionTargetBox="[214,1372,193,1896]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[214,1372,193,1896]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Cambarus acuminatus (A) lateral view of carapace; (B) dorsal view of carapace; (C) epistome; (D) annulus ventralis; (E) lateral and (F) mesial view of form I gonopod; (G) lateral and (H) mesial view of form II gonopod; (I) telson and uropods; (J) dorsal view of right carpus and chelae, and; (K) dorsal view of right antennal scale. A–C, E–F, and I–J from form I male (NCSM 21000); D and K from adult female (NCSM 21001); G–H from form II male (NCSM 21002)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2627368/files/figure.png" pageId="3">Fig. 2B</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="118203F3A654FF94D7B9FF2D1CC18291" pageId="3">
|
||
<paragraph id="4542537BA654FF94D7B9FF2D1CC18291" blockId="3.[151,1436,151,210]" pageId="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="77898F69A654FF94D7B9FF2D1F2782EC" bold="true" box="[151,268,152,175]" pageId="3">TABLE 1.</emphasis>
|
||
Morphological measurements (mm) of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="82FD28F8A654FF94D5EDFF221D9D82EC" authorityName="Faxon" authorityYear="1884" box="[707,950,151,175]" class="Malacostraca" family="Cambaridae" genus="Cambarus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acuminatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="77898F69A654FF94D5EDFF221D9D82EC" box="[707,950,151,175]" italics="true" pageId="3">Cambarus acuminatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
form I male, MI (NCSM 21000), female, F (NCSM 21001), and form II male, MII (NCSM 21002).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="4542537BA654FF94D44CFF5B1B2986E8" pageId="3">
|
||
<table id="37FDA1DBA6540068D78EFF5B1B2586E8" box="[160,1294,238,1195]" gridcols="4" gridrows="5" pageId="3">
|
||
<tr id="FBCD5139A6540068D78EFF5B1B258340" box="[160,1294,238,259]" gridrow="0" pageId="3" rowspan-0="1">
|
||
<th id="B81C3845A6540068D44FFF5B1DA58340" box="[865,910,238,259]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="3">MI</th>
|
||
<th id="B81C3845A6540068D30CFF5B1A658340" box="[1058,1102,238,259]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="3">F</th>
|
||
<th id="B81C3845A6540068D3CCFF5B1B258340" box="[1250,1294,238,259]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="3">MII</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="FBCD5139A6540068D78EFEA41B2580CC" box="[160,1294,273,655]" gridrow="1" pageId="3">
|
||
<th id="B81C3845A6540068D78EFEA41FE280CC" box="[160,457,273,655]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="77898F69A654FF94D78EFEA41F238364" bold="true" box="[160,264,273,295]" pageId="3">Carapace</emphasis>
|
||
Total carapace length Postorbital length Length cephalic section Width Depth Length rostrum Width rostrum Length acumen Length areola Width areola
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="B81C3845A6540068D44FFEA41DA580CC" box="[865,910,273,655]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="3">34.3 27.2 22.8 18.1 16.3 7.1 4.2 2.2 11.5 3.0</td>
|
||
<td id="B81C3845A6540068D30CFEA41A6580CC" box="[1058,1102,273,655]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="3">39 32.5 24.7 21.5 17.9 8.2 4.8 2.6 14.3 3.0</td>
|
||
<td id="B81C3845A6540068D3CCFEA41B2580CC" box="[1250,1294,273,655]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="3">32.5 26.5 20.7 16.5 14.4 7.4 4.4 2.3 11.2 2.5</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="FBCD5139A6540068D78EFD741B25815C" box="[160,1294,705,799]" gridrow="2" pageId="3">
|
||
<th id="B81C3845A6540068D78EFD741FE2815C" box="[160,457,705,799]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="77898F69A654FF94D78EFD741F698094" bold="true" box="[160,322,705,727]" pageId="3">Antennal Scale</emphasis>
|
||
Length Width
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="B81C3845A6540068D44FFD741DA5815C" box="[865,910,705,799]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="3">5.9 2.3</td>
|
||
<td id="B81C3845A6540068D30CFD741A65815C" box="[1058,1102,705,799]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="3">6.3 2.5</td>
|
||
<td id="B81C3845A6540068D3CCFD741B25815C" box="[1250,1294,705,799]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="3">5.7 2.2</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="FBCD5139A6540068D78EFCE41B2581EC" box="[160,1294,849,943]" gridrow="3" pageId="3">
|
||
<th id="B81C3845A6540068D78EFCE41FE281EC" box="[160,457,849,943]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="77898F69A654FF94D78EFCE41F228124" bold="true" box="[160,265,849,871]" pageId="3">Abdomen</emphasis>
|
||
Width Length
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="B81C3845A6540068D44FFCE41DA581EC" box="[865,910,849,943]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="3">15.3 34.1</td>
|
||
<td id="B81C3845A6540068D30CFCE41A6581EC" box="[1058,1102,849,943]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="3">18.7 39.8</td>
|
||
<td id="B81C3845A6540068D3CCFCE41B2581EC" box="[1250,1294,849,943]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="3">14.2 33.7</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="FBCD5139A6540068D78EFC541B2586E8" box="[160,1294,993,1195]" gridrow="4" pageId="3">
|
||
<th id="B81C3845A6540068D78EFC541FE286E8" box="[160,457,993,1195]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="77898F69A654FF94D78EFC541F2A81B4" bold="true" box="[160,257,993,1015]" pageId="3">Cheliped</emphasis>
|
||
Length mesial margin palm Width palm Depth palm Length dactyl Gonopod length
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="B81C3845A6540068D44FFC541DA586E8" box="[865,910,993,1195]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="3">8.4 13.9 7.6 17.5 7.7</td>
|
||
<td id="B81C3845A6540068D30CFC541A6586E8" box="[1058,1102,993,1195]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="3">9.0 13.9 7.8 17.7 -</td>
|
||
<td id="B81C3845A6540068D3CCFC541B2586E8" box="[1250,1294,993,1195]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="3">7.2 10.9 6.0 15.1 6.7</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4542537BA654FF93D7FDFA411BA68594" blockId="3.[151,1437,1257,2017]" lastBlockId="4.[151,1437,1815,2007]" lastPageId="4" pageId="3">
|
||
Abdomen slightly shorter than carapace, pleura sharply rounded cephaloventrally, angled caudoventrally. Cephalic section of telson with 2 large spines in each caudolateral corner (
|
||
<figureCitation id="DDC64FFEA654FF94D4CCF9A21A198473" box="[994,1074,1559,1584]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1911,1933]" captionTargetBox="[214,1372,193,1896]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[214,1372,193,1896]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Cambarus acuminatus (A) lateral view of carapace; (B) dorsal view of carapace; (C) epistome; (D) annulus ventralis; (E) lateral and (F) mesial view of form I gonopod; (G) lateral and (H) mesial view of form II gonopod; (I) telson and uropods; (J) dorsal view of right carpus and chelae, and; (K) dorsal view of right antennal scale. A–C, E–F, and I–J from form I male (NCSM 21000); D and K from adult female (NCSM 21001); G–H from form II male (NCSM 21002)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2627368/files/figure.png" pageId="3">
|
||
Fig.
|
||
<date id="314375BBA654FF94D336F9AD1A198473" box="[1048,1074,1560,1584]" pageId="3">2I</date>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
). Proximal podomere of uropod with 2 distolateral spines on mesial lobe; median spine, originating from ventral surface; mesial ramus of uropod with median ridge ending distally in distomedian spine not overreaching margin of ramus. Distal margin of proximal segment of lateral ramus of right uropod bearing 13 immovable, small spines. Cephalomedian lobe of epistome sub-hexagonal, forming weak angle at junction with endostyle; cephalolateral margins not thickened (
|
||
<figureCitation id="DDC64FFEA654FF94D241F9121E9084A7" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1911,1933]" captionTargetBox="[214,1372,193,1896]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[214,1372,193,1896]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Cambarus acuminatus (A) lateral view of carapace; (B) dorsal view of carapace; (C) epistome; (D) annulus ventralis; (E) lateral and (F) mesial view of form I gonopod; (G) lateral and (H) mesial view of form II gonopod; (I) telson and uropods; (J) dorsal view of right carpus and chelae, and; (K) dorsal view of right antennal scale. A–C, E–F, and I–J from form I male (NCSM 21000); D and K from adult female (NCSM 21001); G–H from form II male (NCSM 21002)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2627368/files/figure.png" pageId="3">Fig. 2C</figureCitation>
|
||
); main body possessing weak cephalomedian fovea. Antennal scale broadest distally; lateral margin thickened, terminating in very large corneous spine; setiferous mesial margin. Right antennal scale
|
||
<quantity id="8205FE9EA654FF94D3B3F95A1ADD8544" box="[1181,1270,1775,1800]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.9" pageId="3" unit="mm" value="5.9">5.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="8205FE9EA654FF94D26DF9451BB68544" box="[1347,1437,1776,1800]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" pageId="3" unit="mm" value="2.3">2.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide. Tip of right antenna reaching middle of telson when adpressed. Missing left antennae. Mesial surface of palm of right chela with 2 well-defined tubercle rows; 7 tubercles in first row,
|
||
<quantity id="8205FE9EA654FF94D4CFF8821A258513" box="[993,1038,1847,1872]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.524" pageId="3" unit="in" value="6.0">6 in</quantity>
|
||
second row (
|
||
<figureCitation id="DDC64FFEA654FF94D385F8821AD58513" box="[1195,1278,1847,1872]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1911,1933]" captionTargetBox="[214,1372,193,1896]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[214,1372,193,1896]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Cambarus acuminatus (A) lateral view of carapace; (B) dorsal view of carapace; (C) epistome; (D) annulus ventralis; (E) lateral and (F) mesial view of form I gonopod; (G) lateral and (H) mesial view of form II gonopod; (I) telson and uropods; (J) dorsal view of right carpus and chelae, and; (K) dorsal view of right antennal scale. A–C, E–F, and I–J from form I male (NCSM 21000); D and K from adult female (NCSM 21001); G–H from form II male (NCSM 21002)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2627368/files/figure.png" pageId="3">Fig. 2J</figureCitation>
|
||
). Palm length 60.4% of palm width; depth of palm
|
||
<quantity id="8205FE9EA654FF94D512F8E91CBE8537" box="[572,661,1884,1909]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.6" pageId="3" unit="mm" value="7.6">7.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Ventral surface of palm lacking tubercles. Dorsal longitudinal ridge of dactyl well developed and possessing 9 prominent disorganized tubercles (
|
||
<figureCitation id="DDC64FFEA654FF94D326F8CA1A7185DB" box="[1032,1114,1919,1944]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1911,1933]" captionTargetBox="[214,1372,193,1896]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[214,1372,193,1896]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Cambarus acuminatus (A) lateral view of carapace; (B) dorsal view of carapace; (C) epistome; (D) annulus ventralis; (E) lateral and (F) mesial view of form I gonopod; (G) lateral and (H) mesial view of form II gonopod; (I) telson and uropods; (J) dorsal view of right carpus and chelae, and; (K) dorsal view of right antennal scale. A–C, E–F, and I–J from form I male (NCSM 21000); D and K from adult female (NCSM 21001); G–H from form II male (NCSM 21002)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2627368/files/figure.png" pageId="3">Fig. 2J</figureCitation>
|
||
); dactyl terminating in large sharp corneous tip. Dorsomedian ridge of fixed finger of propodus strongly developed with prominent lateral impression at junction of fixed finger and palm. Two large tubercles on propodus and single large tubercle on the dactyl at mid length of both structures. Fixed finger of propodus with sharp corneous subterminal tip. Carpus with prominent dorsal furrow (
|
||
<figureCitation id="DDC64FFEA653FF93D6FFF88C1C028512" box="[465,553,1849,1874]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1911,1933]" captionTargetBox="[214,1372,193,1896]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[214,1372,193,1896]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Cambarus acuminatus (A) lateral view of carapace; (B) dorsal view of carapace; (C) epistome; (D) annulus ventralis; (E) lateral and (F) mesial view of form I gonopod; (G) lateral and (H) mesial view of form II gonopod; (I) telson and uropods; (J) dorsal view of right carpus and chelae, and; (K) dorsal view of right antennal scale. A–C, E–F, and I–J from form I male (NCSM 21000); D and K from adult female (NCSM 21001); G–H from form II male (NCSM 21002)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2627368/files/figure.png" pageId="4">Fig. 2J</figureCitation>
|
||
), surface covered with setiferous punctations; mesial margin with large, procurved large spine at about mid-length. Distodorsal surface of merus with single, large spine and tubercle; 3 large spines on ventrolateral surface of merus. All measurements and counts from right chela. Hook on ischium of third pereopod only; gently curved at apex, overarching basioischial joint, not opposed by tubercle on base. Form I gonopod with subapical notch; central projection length not reaching distal portion of mesial process (Figs. E, F).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="118203F3A653FF93D7B9F9D51BB084B3" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2627366/files/figure.png" pageId="4" startId="4.[151,250,1632,1654]" targetBox="[237,1334,209,1592]" targetPageId="4">
|
||
<paragraph id="4542537BA653FF93D7B9F9D51BB084B3" blockId="4.[151,1436,1632,1776]" pageId="4">
|
||
<emphasis id="77898F69A653FF93D7B9F9D51F398435" bold="true" box="[151,274,1632,1654]" pageId="4">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
|
||
Map showing the distribution of
|
||
<emphasis id="77898F69A653FF93D54CF9D51D9A8435" box="[610,945,1632,1654]" italics="true" pageId="4">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="82FD28F8A653FF93D54CF9D51D6C8435" authority="Williams & Delekta & Loughman, 2019" authorityName="Williams & Delekta & Loughman" authorityYear="2019" box="[610,839,1632,1654]" class="Malacostraca" family="Cambaridae" genus="Cambarus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" sensu="lato" species="acuminatus">Cambarus acuminatus</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="6CBA3212A653FF93D462F9D41D9A8435" box="[844,945,1632,1654]" pageId="4" sensu="lato">sensu lato</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
based on records in the North Carolina Museum of Natural Sciences (NCSM) Non-molluscan Invertebrate Collection (green circles), the West Liberty University (WLU) Crayfish Collection (yellow circles), and the Smithsonian Institution’s National Museum of Natural History (USNM) Invertebrate Zoology Collection (orange circles). Sub-basins (HUC-8 level) with solid shading denote the distribution of the
|
||
<emphasis id="77898F69A653FF93D2AAF9091BBE8492" box="[1412,1429,1724,1745]" italics="true" pageId="4">C</emphasis>
|
||
. species C complex; the dashed sub-basin denotes the Saluda River drainage, to which
|
||
<taxonomicName id="82FD28F8A653FF93D32EF96E1AB984B3" authority="Williams & Delekta & Loughman, 2019" authorityName="Williams & Delekta & Loughman" authorityYear="2019" box="[1024,1170,1755,1776]" class="Malacostraca" family="Cambaridae" genus="Cambarus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" sensu="stricto" species="acuminatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="77898F69A653FF93D32EF96E1A3A84B3" box="[1024,1041,1755,1776]" italics="true" pageId="4">C</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="77898F69A653FF93D333F96E1AB984B3" box="[1053,1170,1755,1776]" italics="true" pageId="4">acuminatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="6CBA3212A653FF93D3B6F96E1B3384B3" box="[1176,1304,1755,1776]" pageId="4" sensu="stricto">
|
||
<emphasis id="77898F69A653FF93D3B6F96E1B3384B3" box="[1176,1304,1755,1776]" italics="true" pageId="4">sensu stricto</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
is restricted.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="118203F3A652FF92D7B9F8C21AF385AA" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2627368/files/figure.png" pageId="5" startId="5.[151,250,1911,1933]" targetBox="[214,1372,193,1896]" targetPageId="5">
|
||
<paragraph id="4542537BA652FF92D7B9F8C21AF385AA" blockId="5.[151,1436,1911,2025]" pageId="5">
|
||
<emphasis id="77898F69A652FF92D7B9F8C21F3D85CE" bold="true" box="[151,278,1911,1933]" pageId="5">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="82FD28F8A652FF92D60FF8C21C2285CE" authorityName="Williams & Delekta & Loughman" authorityYear="2019" box="[289,521,1911,1933]" class="Malacostraca" family="Cambaridae" genus="Cambarus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acuminatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="77898F69A652FF92D60FF8C21C2285CE" box="[289,521,1911,1933]" italics="true" pageId="5">Cambarus acuminatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(A) lateral view of carapace; (B) dorsal view of carapace; (C) epistome; (D) annulus ventralis; (E) lateral and (F) mesial view of form I gonopod; (G) lateral and (H) mesial view of form II gonopod; (I) telson and uropods; (J) dorsal view of right carpus and chelae, and; (K) dorsal view of right antennal scale. A–C, E–F, and I–J from form I male (NCSM 21000); D and K from adult female (NCSM 21001); G–H from form II male (NCSM 21002).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="4542537BA651FF91D7E9FF221A5883CB" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,2015]" pageId="6">
|
||
<emphasis id="77898F69A651FF91D7E9FF221C9D82F3" bold="true" box="[199,694,151,176]" pageId="6">
|
||
Adult female (NCSM 21001;
|
||
<figureCitation id="DDC64FFEA651FF91D50FFF221C8282F3" box="[545,681,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1911,1933]" captionTargetBox="[214,1372,193,1896]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[214,1372,193,1896]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Cambarus acuminatus (A) lateral view of carapace; (B) dorsal view of carapace; (C) epistome; (D) annulus ventralis; (E) lateral and (F) mesial view of form I gonopod; (G) lateral and (H) mesial view of form II gonopod; (I) telson and uropods; (J) dorsal view of right carpus and chelae, and; (K) dorsal view of right antennal scale. A–C, E–F, and I–J from form I male (NCSM 21000); D and K from adult female (NCSM 21001); G–H from form II male (NCSM 21002)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2627368/files/figure.png" pageId="6">Figs. 2D, K</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Differing from form I male in following respects: carapace height less than carapace width (19.0 and
|
||
<quantity id="8205FE9EA651FF91D50DFF091CA18297" box="[547,650,188,212]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.18" pageId="6" unit="mm" value="21.8">21.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
, respectively); TCL 39.0 mm, PCL
|
||
<quantity id="8205FE9EA651FF91D30FFF091AA38297" box="[1057,1160,188,212]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.28" pageId="6" unit="mm" value="32.8">32.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Areola length 36.9% of TCL (43.9% of PCL), 3.8 times as long as wide. Mesial margin of palm of chela with two rows of tubercles; mesial-most row with 5 tubercles, second row with 5 tubercles. Palm length (
|
||
<quantity id="8205FE9EA651FF91D32CFEB11A70835F" box="[1026,1115,260,284]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.9" pageId="6" unit="mm" value="9.9">9.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
) 71.7% of palm width (
|
||
<quantity id="8205FE9EA651FF91D244FEB11EEC8303" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.38" pageId="6" unit="mm" value="13.8">13.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
). All measurements and counts from right chela. Antennal scale (
|
||
<figureCitation id="DDC64FFEA651FF91D4B3FE921DDE8303" box="[925,1013,295,320]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1911,1933]" captionTargetBox="[214,1372,193,1896]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[214,1372,193,1896]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Cambarus acuminatus (A) lateral view of carapace; (B) dorsal view of carapace; (C) epistome; (D) annulus ventralis; (E) lateral and (F) mesial view of form I gonopod; (G) lateral and (H) mesial view of form II gonopod; (I) telson and uropods; (J) dorsal view of right carpus and chelae, and; (K) dorsal view of right antennal scale. A–C, E–F, and I–J from form I male (NCSM 21000); D and K from adult female (NCSM 21001); G–H from form II male (NCSM 21002)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2627368/files/figure.png" pageId="6">Fig. 2K</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
<quantity id="8205FE9EA651FF91D32DFE9D1A72837C" box="[1027,1113,296,320]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.1" pageId="6" unit="mm" value="8.1">8.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="8205FE9EA651FF91D3B0FE9D1AD8837C" box="[1182,1267,296,320]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.7" pageId="6" unit="mm" value="3.7">3.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide. Annulus ventralis as described in diagnosis (
|
||
<figureCitation id="DDC64FFEA651FF91D50CFEF91C578327" box="[546,636,332,357]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1911,1933]" captionTargetBox="[214,1372,193,1896]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[214,1372,193,1896]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Cambarus acuminatus (A) lateral view of carapace; (B) dorsal view of carapace; (C) epistome; (D) annulus ventralis; (E) lateral and (F) mesial view of form I gonopod; (G) lateral and (H) mesial view of form II gonopod; (I) telson and uropods; (J) dorsal view of right carpus and chelae, and; (K) dorsal view of right antennal scale. A–C, E–F, and I–J from form I male (NCSM 21000); D and K from adult female (NCSM 21001); G–H from form II male (NCSM 21002)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2627368/files/figure.png" pageId="6">Fig. 2D</figureCitation>
|
||
); width of postannular sclerite half total width of annulus ventralis; first pleopods uniramous, reaching central region of annulus ventralis when abdomen flexed.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4542537BA651FF91D7E9FE211C11808C" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,2015]" pageId="6">
|
||
<emphasis id="77898F69A651FF91D7E9FE211C3083EE" bold="true" box="[199,539,404,429]" pageId="6">
|
||
Male, form II (
|
||
<figureCitation id="DDC64FFEA651FF91D651FE211FFA83EE" box="[383,465,404,429]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1911,1933]" captionTargetBox="[214,1372,193,1896]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[214,1372,193,1896]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Cambarus acuminatus (A) lateral view of carapace; (B) dorsal view of carapace; (C) epistome; (D) annulus ventralis; (E) lateral and (F) mesial view of form I gonopod; (G) lateral and (H) mesial view of form II gonopod; (I) telson and uropods; (J) dorsal view of right carpus and chelae, and; (K) dorsal view of right antennal scale. A–C, E–F, and I–J from form I male (NCSM 21000); D and K from adult female (NCSM 21001); G–H from form II male (NCSM 21002)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2627368/files/figure.png" pageId="6">Figs. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
G–H).
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Differing from form I male in the following respects: carapace height greater than carapace width (14.4 and
|
||
<quantity id="8205FE9EA651FF91D6D8FE021C77838C" box="[502,604,439,464]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.65" pageId="6" unit="mm" value="16.5">16.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
respectively); TCL 31.0 mm and PCL
|
||
<quantity id="8205FE9EA651FF91D332FE021AAE838C" box="[1052,1157,439,464]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.63" pageId="6" unit="mm" value="26.3">26.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Areola length 35.5% of TCL (42.8% of PCL), 3.8 times longer than wide. Rostrum margins acuminate and entire; rostrum ventrally deflected and excavated; rostrum 1.9 times as long as wide. Abdomen
|
||
<quantity id="8205FE9EA651FF91D4EBFDB51A008054" box="[965,1067,512,536]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.47" pageId="6" unit="mm" value="34.7">34.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
long. Mesial margin of palm of chela with two rows of tubercles; mesial-most row with 6 tubercles; second row with 5 tubercles. Palm length (
|
||
<quantity id="8205FE9EA651FF91D256FD911EEF8023" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.2" pageId="6" unit="mm" value="7.2">7.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
) 65.5% of palm width (11.0 mm). All measurements and counts from right chela. Antennal scale
|
||
<quantity id="8205FE9EA651FF91D229FDF21B76801C" box="[1287,1373,583,608]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.9" pageId="6" unit="mm" value="5.9">5.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="8205FE9EA651FF91D7B9FDDA1EC680C4" box="[151,237,623,647]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" pageId="6" unit="mm" value="2.4">2.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide. Gonopods reaching anterior margin of 4
|
||
<superScript id="B288FE33A651FF91D5D4FDDE1D2D803A" attach="left" box="[762,774,619,633]" fontSize="6" pageId="6">th</superScript>
|
||
pereopod caudomesial boss. Central projection curved 90° to shaft (
|
||
<figureCitation id="DDC64FFEA651FF91D7D4FD271F1680E8" box="[250,317,658,683]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1911,1933]" captionTargetBox="[214,1372,193,1896]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[214,1372,193,1896]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Cambarus acuminatus (A) lateral view of carapace; (B) dorsal view of carapace; (C) epistome; (D) annulus ventralis; (E) lateral and (F) mesial view of form I gonopod; (G) lateral and (H) mesial view of form II gonopod; (I) telson and uropods; (J) dorsal view of right carpus and chelae, and; (K) dorsal view of right antennal scale. A–C, E–F, and I–J from form I male (NCSM 21000); D and K from adult female (NCSM 21001); G–H from form II male (NCSM 21002)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2627368/files/figure.png" pageId="6">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
G–H). Mesial process tapered, bulbous, directed caudolaterally. Hook on ischium of third pereopod small, not reaching basioischial joint.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4542537BA651FF91D7E9FD6F1F158770" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,2015]" pageId="6">
|
||
<emphasis id="77898F69A651FF91D7E9FD6F1F3B80B0" bold="true" box="[199,272,730,755]" pageId="6">Color.</emphasis>
|
||
Carapace ground color of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="82FD28F8A651FF91D513FD6E1CF480B1" authorityName="Williams & Delekta & Loughman" authorityYear="2019" box="[573,735,731,754]" class="Malacostraca" family="Cambaridae" genus="Cambarus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acuminatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="77898F69A651FF91D513FD6E1CF480B1" box="[573,735,731,754]" italics="true" pageId="6">C. acuminatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
light red-brown to orange-brown (
|
||
<figureCitation id="DDC64FFEA651FF91D346FD6F1A8780B0" box="[1128,1196,730,755]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1089,1111]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1067]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,193,1067]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Cambarus acuminatus form I male, South Saluda River, Pickens County, South Carolina. Several branchiobdellidans (crayfish worms) can be seen on the crayfish, including the carapace, chelipeds, and uropods, under the rostrum, and behind the eye." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2627370/files/figure.png" pageId="6">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
); posterior margin of carapace red-brown to red, without saddle. Hepatic and antennal region of carapace with beige punctations. Postorbital ridge red-brown ending in pronounced tan spine. Rostrum margins and acumen cream to orange, orange-brown, olivaceous or tan. Cephalic section of carapace immediately anterior of cervical groove light redbrown; cervical groove black dorsally; mandibular abductor scars mottled, ranging from light-brown, brown, to red-brown. Lateral margin of antennal scale red-brown to brown; body of antennal scale brown. Antennal flagellum and antennules green-brown, with olivaceous hue; dorsal surface of lamellae tan to brown; ventral surface light-green to olivaceous. Dorsal surface of chelae generally olivaceous or green-brown, with beige punctations. Denticles on opposable surfaces of fingers yellow, white, or tan. Ventral surface of chelae cream or tan. Dorsal surface of carpus olivaceous or green-brown; region adjacent to and including furrow olive-brown to olive; carpus spine yellow. Merus olive-brown or olive. Podomeres of pereopods olivaceous, light brown, or greenbrown; joints of pereopod podomeres pink or beige. Dorsal and dorsolateral surface of abdomen same colors as carapace; tergal margins crimson red; abdomen lacking dorsal stripe. Uropods same colors as abdomen. Ventral surface of abdomen and carapace cream. Dorsal ridge of form I gonopod central projection amber; body of central projection, gonopod, and mesial process tan. Form II gonopod and all associated processes cream. Cephalic portion of annulus ventralis pink to pink-cream; ridge of fossa pink; caudal region of annulus ventralis ranges from pink to cream colored.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4542537BA651FF91D7E9FA8B1FBC8434" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,2015]" pageId="6">
|
||
<emphasis id="77898F69A651FF91D7E9FA8B1F018714" bold="true" box="[199,298,1342,1367]" pageId="6">Habitat.</emphasis>
|
||
Specimens, deemed representative of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="82FD28F8A651FF91D5C5FA8A1DBA8714" authorityName="Williams & Delekta & Loughman" authorityYear="2019" box="[747,913,1343,1367]" class="Malacostraca" family="Cambaridae" genus="Cambarus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acuminatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="77898F69A651FF91D5C5FA8A1CD58715" box="[747,766,1343,1366]" italics="true" pageId="6">C</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="77898F69A651FF91D43EFAF51DBA8714" box="[784,913,1344,1367]" italics="true" pageId="6">acuminatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, from the South Saluda River (Saluda River drainage) adjacent to
|
||
<collectingCountry id="3DEA13EBA651FF91D6BCFAD61F9D8738" box="[402,438,1379,1403]" name="United States of America" pageId="6">US</collectingCountry>
|
||
276/Hwy. 11,
|
||
<quantity id="8205FE9EA651FF91D54DFAD61C9F8738" box="[611,692,1378,1403]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.1" pageId="6" unit="km" value="7.1">7.1 km</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<quantity id="8205FE9EA651FF91D5EBFAD61D388738" box="[709,787,1378,1403]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0811136" pageId="6" unit="mi" value="4.4">4.4 mi</quantity>
|
||
) west of Cleveland, Pickens County,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="87399D99A651FF91D3E7FAD71B5E8738" box="[1225,1397,1378,1403]" country="United States of America" name="South Carolina" pageId="6">South Carolina</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="20C935BCA651FF91D2A9FAD61EDE87DC" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" precision="5" value="35.0737">N 35.0737</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="20C935BCA651FF91D62EFA3D1FA987DC" box="[256,386,1414,1439]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" precision="5" value="-82.5897">W 82.5897</geoCoordinate>
|
||
), were collected
|
||
<date id="314375BBA651FF91D56EFA3D1C9887DC" box="[576,691,1415,1439]" pageId="6" value="2018-06">June 2018</date>
|
||
by E.M. Delekta, Z.L. Loughman, and B.W. Williams. The South Saluda River at this locality ranges from 4 to 8 meters wide, and 0.25 to 1.5 meters deep. The streambed consists of sand, cobbles and gravels, with several large sandstone slabs present throughout the samples reach. Riffles, runs, and pools are present, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="82FD28F8A651FF91D6F9FA461D3E8448" box="[471,789,1523,1547]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Podostemaceae" genus="Podostemum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="6" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ceratophyllum">
|
||
<emphasis id="77898F69A651FF91D6F9FA461D3E8448" box="[471,789,1523,1547]" italics="true" pageId="6">Podostemum ceratophyllum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
occurs on boulders in faster velocity flows.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="82FD28F8A651FF91D209FA461F33846C" authorityName="Williams & Delekta & Loughman" authorityYear="2019" class="Malacostraca" family="Cambaridae" genus="Cambarus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acuminatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="77898F69A651FF91D209FA461F33846C" italics="true" pageId="6">Cambarus acuminatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
individuals were taken primarily from under slab rocks mid channel in riffles or slab rocks positioned in eddies along the streams banks. One animal was retrieved from under a boulder that was partially embedded in loose sandy substrates.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4542537BA651FF91D7E9F9361D41850C" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,2015]" pageId="6">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="82FD28F8A651FF91D7E9F9361FE284D9" authorityName="Williams & Delekta & Loughman" authorityYear="2019" box="[199,457,1667,1691]" class="Malacostraca" family="Cambaridae" genus="Cambarus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acuminatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="77898F69A651FF91D7E9F9361FE284D9" box="[199,457,1667,1691]" italics="true" pageId="6">Cambarus acuminatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is most frequently found in third, or higher, order streams with moderate to high gradients throughout the upper Saluda River drainage, in the Appalachian foothills at or above the fall line. Substrates with cobbles, slab boulders to boulder clusters in runs and riffles appear to be frequent haunts of adults. Juveniles and neonates were often taken from leaf packs in pool thalwegs, root wads, undercut banks and coarse woody debris snags. Based on our surveys,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="82FD28F8A651FF91D550F8A61D0B8569" authorityName="Williams & Delekta & Loughman" authorityYear="2019" box="[638,800,1811,1834]" class="Malacostraca" family="Cambaridae" genus="Cambarus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acuminatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="77898F69A651FF91D550F8A61CBA8569" box="[638,657,1811,1834]" italics="true" pageId="6">C</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="77898F69A651FF91D5B1F8A61D0B8569" box="[671,800,1811,1834]" italics="true" pageId="6">acuminatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
numbers rapidly decline as habitat, in part influenced by decreasing stream gradient, transitions into the Piedmont proper.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="0DE700F0A651FF90D7E9F8EF1C1085C5" lastPageId="7" pageId="6" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="4542537BA651FF90D7E9F8EF1A5B872A" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,2015]" lastBlockId="7.[151,1437,1216,2033]" lastPageId="7" pageId="6">
|
||
<emphasis id="77898F69A651FF91D7E9F8EF1CA48530" bold="true" box="[199,655,1882,1907]" pageId="6">Distribution and specimens examined.</emphasis>
|
||
The distribution of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="82FD28F8A651FF91D441F8EE1A3A8531" authority="Williams & Delekta & Loughman, 2019" authorityName="Williams & Delekta & Loughman" authorityYear="2019" box="[879,1041,1883,1906]" class="Malacostraca" family="Cambaridae" genus="Cambarus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" sensu="lato" species="acuminatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="77898F69A651FF91D441F8EE1DA98531" box="[879,898,1883,1906]" italics="true" pageId="6">C</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="77898F69A651FF91D4BEF8EE1A3A8531" box="[912,1041,1883,1906]" italics="true" pageId="6">acuminatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="6CBA3212A651FF91D337F8EE1AA28530" box="[1049,1161,1883,1907]" pageId="6" sensu="lato">
|
||
<emphasis id="77898F69A651FF91D337F8EE1AA28530" box="[1049,1161,1883,1907]" italics="true" pageId="6">sensu lato</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, based on records of the species—as “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="82FD28F8A651FF91D600F8CA1C0185D4" authorityName="Williams & Delekta & Loughman" authorityYear="2019" box="[302,554,1919,1943]" class="Malacostraca" family="Cambaridae" genus="Cambarus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acuminatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="77898F69A651FF91D600F8CA1C0185D4" box="[302,554,1919,1943]" italics="true" pageId="6">Cambarus acuminatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
”—retrieved from USNM, NCSM, and WLU Collections, extends from central
|
||
<collectingRegion id="87399D99A651FF91D7B9F8171F6B85F8" box="[151,320,1954,1979]" country="United States of America" name="South Carolina" pageId="6">South Carolina</collectingRegion>
|
||
north through much of
|
||
<collectingRegion id="87399D99A651FF91D561F8171CD385F8" box="[591,760,1954,1979]" country="United States of America" name="North Carolina" pageId="6">North Carolina</collectingRegion>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingRegion id="87399D99A651FF91D41FF8171DA485F8" box="[817,911,1954,1979]" country="United States of America" name="Virginia" pageId="6">Virginia</collectingRegion>
|
||
, and into
|
||
<collectingRegion id="87399D99A651FF91D4D0F8171A4085F8" box="[1022,1131,1954,1979]" country="United States of America" name="Maryland" pageId="6">Maryland</collectingRegion>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingRegion id="87399D99A651FF91D38DF8171B1385F8" box="[1187,1336,1954,1979]" country="United States of America" name="Pennsylvania" pageId="6">Pennsylvania</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="DDC64FFEA651FF91D267F8171BA085F8" box="[1353,1419,1954,1979]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1632,1654]" captionTargetBox="[237,1334,209,1592]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[218,1376,195,1613]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1. Map showing the distribution of Cambarus acuminatus sensu lato based on records in the North Carolina Museum of Natural Sciences (NCSM) Non-molluscan Invertebrate Collection (green circles), the West Liberty University (WLU) Crayfish Collection (yellow circles), and the Smithsonian Institution’s National Museum of Natural History (USNM) Invertebrate Zoology Collection (orange circles). Sub-basins (HUC-8 level) with solid shading denote the distribution of the C. species C complex; the dashed sub-basin denotes the Saluda River drainage, to which C. acuminatus sensu stricto is restricted." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2627366/files/figure.png" pageId="6">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
). As a whole, this sprawling distribution exemplifies what is known as the
|
||
<emphasis id="77898F69A651FF91D4E5F8721DF5859D" box="[971,990,1991,2014]" italics="true" pageId="6">C</emphasis>
|
||
. sp. C complex. Although several taxa have been split from the core of this complex (e.g.,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="82FD28F8A650FF90D5DEFB741AB9869A" authority="Cooper, 2001" authorityName="Cooper" authorityYear="2001" box="[752,1170,1217,1241]" class="Malacostraca" family="Cambaridae" genus="Cambarus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hobbsorum">
|
||
<emphasis id="77898F69A650FF90D5DEFB741DC7869A" box="[752,1004,1217,1241]" italics="true" pageId="7">Cambarus hobbsorum</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="216C2E8AA650FF90D4D8FB741AB9869A" author="Cooper, J. E." box="[1014,1170,1217,1241]" pageId="7" pagination="152 - 161" refId="ref5584" refString="Cooper, J. E. (2001) Cambarus (Puncticambarus) hobbsorum, a new crayfish (Decapoda: Cambaridae) from North Carolina. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 114 (1), 152 - 161." type="journal article" year="2001">Cooper, 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="82FD28F8A650FF90D38EFB741F8186BE" authority="Cooper & Cooper, 2003" authorityName="Cooper & Cooper" authorityYear="2003" class="Malacostraca" family="Cambaridae" genus="Cambarus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hystricosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="77898F69A650FF90D38EFB741BB0869A" box="[1184,1435,1217,1241]" italics="true" pageId="7">Cambarus hystricosus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="216C2E8AA650FF90D7B9FB501F8186BE" author="Cooper, J. E. & Cooper, D. G." box="[151,426,1253,1277]" pageId="7" pagination="920 - 932" refId="ref5628" refString="Cooper, J. E. & Cooper, D. G. (2003) A new crayfish of the genus Cambarus Erichson, 1846 (Decapoda: Cambaridae) from the Cape Fear River basin in the Sandhills of North Carolina. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 116 (4), 920 - 932." type="journal article" year="2003">Cooper & Cooper, 2003</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="82FD28F8A650FF90D698FB501D2486BE" authority="Cooper, 2006" authorityName="Cooper" authorityYear="2006" box="[438,783,1252,1277]" class="Malacostraca" family="Cambaridae" genus="Cambarus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="johni">
|
||
<emphasis id="77898F69A650FF90D698FB501C4786BE" box="[438,620,1253,1277]" italics="true" pageId="7">Cambarus johni</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="216C2E8AA650FF90D55AFB501D2486BE" author="Cooper, J. E." box="[628,783,1252,1277]" pageId="7" pagination="67 - 80" refId="ref5689" refString="Cooper, J. E. (2006) A new species of crayfish of the genus Cambarus Erichson, 1846 (Decapoda: Cambaridae) from the eastern Blue Ridge foothills and western Piedmont Plateau of North Carolina. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 119 (1), 67 - 80. https: // doi. org / 10.2988 / 0006 - 324 X (2006) 119 [67: ANSOCO] 2.0. CO; 2" type="journal article" year="2006">Cooper, 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="82FD28F8A650FF90D435FB501B6986BE" authority="Cooper & Price, 2010" authorityName="Cooper & Price" authorityYear="2010" box="[795,1346,1252,1277]" class="Malacostraca" family="Cambaridae" genus="Cambarus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aldermanorum">
|
||
<emphasis id="77898F69A650FF90D435FB501A1686BE" box="[795,1085,1253,1277]" italics="true" pageId="7">Cambarus aldermanorum</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="216C2E8AA650FF90D36BFB501B6986BE" author="Cooper, J. E. & Price, J. E." box="[1093,1346,1252,1277]" pageId="7" pagination="335 - 344" refId="ref5808" refString="Cooper, J. E. & Price, J. E. (2010) A new spinose crayfish of the genus Cambarus, subgenus Puncticambarus (Decapoda: Cambaridae), from South Carolina. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 123 (4), 335 - 344. https: // doi. org / 10.2988 / 10 - 20.1" type="journal article" year="2010">Cooper & Price, 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), nearly all are known to co-occur with other, undiagnosed, morphotypes nested within
|
||
<emphasis id="77898F69A650FF90D330FABC1A1A8763" box="[1054,1073,1289,1312]" italics="true" pageId="7">C</emphasis>
|
||
. sp. C. The nominal form of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="82FD28F8A650FF90D2ACFABC1F338706" authorityName="Williams & Delekta & Loughman" authorityYear="2019" class="Malacostraca" family="Cambaridae" genus="Cambarus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acuminatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="77898F69A650FF90D2ACFABC1BBE8763" box="[1410,1429,1289,1312]" italics="true" pageId="7">C</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="77898F69A650FF90D7B9FA9B1F338706" box="[151,280,1326,1349]" italics="true" pageId="7">acuminatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which we establish herein, appears to be restricted to the Saluda River drainage in northwestern
|
||
<collectingRegion id="87399D99A650FF90D274FA991ED3872A" country="United States of America" name="South Carolina" pageId="7">South Carolina</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="DDC64FFEA650FF90D628FAE51F61872A" box="[262,330,1360,1385]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1632,1654]" captionTargetBox="[237,1334,209,1592]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[218,1376,195,1613]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1. Map showing the distribution of Cambarus acuminatus sensu lato based on records in the North Carolina Museum of Natural Sciences (NCSM) Non-molluscan Invertebrate Collection (green circles), the West Liberty University (WLU) Crayfish Collection (yellow circles), and the Smithsonian Institution’s National Museum of Natural History (USNM) Invertebrate Zoology Collection (orange circles). Sub-basins (HUC-8 level) with solid shading denote the distribution of the C. species C complex; the dashed sub-basin denotes the Saluda River drainage, to which C. acuminatus sensu stricto is restricted." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2627366/files/figure.png" pageId="7">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
; Hobbs 1969; Z.J. Loughman & B.W. Williams unpubl. survey results).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="118203F3A650FF90D7B9FBF41F9386D7" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2627370/files/figure.png" pageId="7" startId="7.[151,250,1089,1111]" targetBox="[151,1436,193,1067]" targetPageId="7">
|
||
<paragraph id="4542537BA650FF90D7B9FBF41F9386D7" blockId="7.[151,1436,1089,1172]" pageId="7">
|
||
<emphasis id="77898F69A650FF90D7B9FBF41F358614" bold="true" box="[151,286,1089,1111]" pageId="7">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="82FD28F8A650FF90D61FFBF41C0A8614" authorityName="Williams & Delekta & Loughman" authorityYear="2019" box="[305,545,1089,1111]" class="Malacostraca" family="Cambaridae" genus="Cambarus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acuminatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="77898F69A650FF90D61FFBF41C0A8614" box="[305,545,1089,1111]" italics="true" pageId="7">Cambarus acuminatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
form I male, South Saluda River, Pickens County, South Carolina. Several branchiobdellidans (crayfish worms) can be seen on the crayfish, including the carapace, chelipeds, and uropods, under the rostrum, and behind the eye.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="4542537BA650FF90D7E9FAC31DF184B6" blockId="7.[151,1437,1216,2033]" pageId="7">
|
||
We examined a total of
|
||
<specimenCount id="53FB98F2A650FF90D6FFFAC01C4187CE" box="[465,618,1396,1421]" pageId="7" type="generic">18 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
from the following six collections from the South Saluda River drainage in Greenville and Pickens Counties,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="87399D99A650FF90D51CFA2D1CF487F2" box="[562,735,1432,1457]" country="United States of America" name="South Carolina" pageId="7">South Carolina</collectingRegion>
|
||
. (1.) South Saluda River,
|
||
<quantity id="8205FE9EA650FF90D32FFA2C1A4387F2" box="[1025,1128,1432,1457]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.609344" pageId="7" unit="mi" value="0.1">0.1 miles</quantity>
|
||
from the junction of Route 11 &
|
||
<collectingCountry id="3DEA13EBA650FF90D7F8FA081ED18796" box="[214,250,1469,1493]" name="United States of America" pageId="7">US</collectingCountry>
|
||
276 adjacent to Route 11 at Pickens County line,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="20C935BCA650FF90D403FA0B1D998795" box="[813,946,1469,1494]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" precision="1" value="35.07519">N 35.07519</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="20C935BCA650FF90D494FA0B1A128795" box="[954,1081,1469,1494]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" precision="5" value="-82.5724">W 82.5724</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, USNM 144162, 12
|
||
<date id="314375BBA650FF90D20DFA0B1E8E87BA" pageId="7" value="1972-06-01">June 1972, 1</date>
|
||
IM,
|
||
<specimenCount id="53FB98F2A650FF90D7F5FA541ED587BA" box="[219,254,1505,1529]" pageId="7" type="generic">2F.</specimenCount>
|
||
(2.) South Saluda River at SR
|
||
<quantity id="8205FE9EA650FF90D578FA541CA687BA" box="[598,653,1504,1529]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.794" pageId="7" unit="in" value="11.0">11 in</quantity>
|
||
NE limit of Pickens County,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="20C935BCA650FF90D4FBFA541A7287BA" box="[981,1113,1504,1529]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" precision="1" value="35.07519">N 35.07519</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="20C935BCA650FF90D34EFA541AF487BA" box="[1120,1247,1504,1529]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" precision="5" value="-82.5724">W 82.5724</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, USNM 178028, 15
|
||
<date id="314375BBA650FF90D797F9B01F65845E" box="[185,334,1541,1566]" pageId="7" value="1982-04-01">April 1982, 1</date>
|
||
IM, 2 F, H.H. Hobbs Jr. and T.A. English. (3.) South Saluda River at SR 11 &
|
||
<collectingCountry id="3DEA13EBA650FF90D394F9B01AF5845E" box="[1210,1246,1541,1565]" name="United States of America" pageId="7">US</collectingCountry>
|
||
276,
|
||
<quantity id="8205FE9EA650FF90D235F9B01B49845D" box="[1307,1378,1541,1566]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.04672" pageId="7" unit="mi" value="0.5">0.5 mi</quantity>
|
||
west of S-176, NW of Travelers,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="20C935BCA650FF90D6CEF99C1C728402" box="[480,601,1576,1601]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" precision="5" value="35.0737">N 35.0737</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="20C935BCA650FF90D54DF99C1CCE8402" box="[611,741,1576,1601]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" precision="5" value="-82.5832">W 82.5832</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, USNM 208331, 7
|
||
<date id="314375BBA650FF90D4E2F99C1A4B8402" box="[972,1120,1577,1601]" pageId="7" value="1983-05-02">May 1983, 2</date>
|
||
F, P.H. Carlson. (4.) South Saluda River/Mathews Creek confluence adjacent to SR 90, Greenville County,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="20C935BCA650FF90D30AF9FB1A828425" box="[1060,1193,1613,1638]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" precision="1" value="35.06293">N 35.06293</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="20C935BCA650FF90D39FF9FB1B148425" box="[1201,1343,1613,1638]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" precision="1" value="-82.6494">W 82.64940</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, USNM 220075, 19
|
||
<date id="314375BBA650FF90D631F9C51FDA84CA" box="[287,497,1648,1673]" pageId="7" value="1967-12-01">December 1967, 1</date>
|
||
F, R. Prins. (5.) South Saluda River adjacent to
|
||
<collectingCountry id="3DEA13EBA650FF90D331F9C41A6884CA" box="[1055,1091,1649,1673]" name="United States of America" pageId="7">US</collectingCountry>
|
||
276/Hwy 11,
|
||
<quantity id="8205FE9EA650FF90D3C6F9C41B1384CA" box="[1256,1336,1648,1673]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.1" pageId="7" unit="km" value="7.1">7.1 km</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<quantity id="8205FE9EA650FF90D266F9C41BBF84CA" box="[1352,1428,1648,1673]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0811136" pageId="7" unit="mi" value="4.4">4.4 mi</quantity>
|
||
) west of Cleveland, Pickens County,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="20C935BCA650FF90D502F9231C8984ED" box="[556,674,1685,1710]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" precision="5" value="35.0737">N 35.0737</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="20C935BCA650FF90D587F9231D0384ED" box="[681,808,1685,1710]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" precision="5" value="-82.5897">W 82.5897</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, NCSM 21003 1 IIM, 3 F, NCSM 21000, NCSM 21001 (1 F), NCSM 21002 (1 IIM) (6.) South Saluda River at Ridge Springs Rd., NCSM uncat.,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="20C935BCA650FF90D3F3F90C1B5E8492" box="[1245,1397,1720,1745]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" precision="1" value="35.06345">N 35.063449</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="20C935BCA650FF90D2ACF90C1F0684B5" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" precision="1" value="-82.65041">W 82.65041522</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="314375BBA650FF90D616F9681C2284B6" box="[312,521,1757,1782]" pageId="7" value="2018-11-01">November 2018, 1</date>
|
||
IM, 1 F, B.W. Williams and P.G. Weaver.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4542537BA650FF90D7E9F8B51C1085C5" blockId="7.[151,1437,1216,2033]" pageId="7">
|
||
<emphasis id="77898F69A650FF90D7E9F8B51F9C855A" bold="true" box="[199,439,1792,1817]" pageId="7">Crayfish associates.</emphasis>
|
||
Other crayfish species collected in the Saluda River system in conjunction with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="82FD28F8A650FF90D2ACF8B41F33857E" authorityName="Williams & Delekta & Loughman" authorityYear="2019" class="Malacostraca" family="Cambaridae" genus="Cambarus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acuminatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="77898F69A650FF90D2ACF8B41F33857E" italics="true" pageId="7">C. acuminatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
include
|
||
<taxonomicName id="82FD28F8A650FF90D6A4F8901D6F857E" authority="Faxon, 1914" authorityName="Faxon" authorityYear="1914" box="[394,836,1829,1853]" class="Malacostraca" family="Cambaridae" genus="Cambarus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="asperimanus">
|
||
<emphasis id="77898F69A650FF90D6A4F8901CB6857E" box="[394,669,1829,1853]" italics="true" pageId="7">Cambarus asperimanus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="216C2E8AA650FF90D583F8931D6F857E" author="Faxon, W." box="[685,836,1829,1853]" pageId="7" pagination="351 - 427" refId="ref6005" refString="Faxon, W. (1914) Notes on the crayfishes in the United States National Museum and the Museum of Comparative Zoology with descriptions of new species and subspecies to which is appended a catalogue of the known species and subspecies. Memoirs of The Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College, 40 (8), 351 - 427. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 49092" type="journal article" year="1914">Faxon, 1914</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="82FD28F8A650FF90D476F8901B38857E" authority="(Fabricius, 1798)" authorityName="Fabricius" authorityYear="1798" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1798" box="[856,1299,1829,1854]" class="Malacostraca" family="Cambaridae" genus="Cambarus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bartonii">
|
||
<emphasis id="77898F69A650FF90D476F8901A1C857E" box="[856,1079,1829,1853]" italics="true" pageId="7">Cambarus bartonii</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="216C2E8AA650FF90D361F8901B21857E" author="Fabricius, J. C." box="[1103,1290,1829,1854]" pageId="7" refId="ref5874" refString="Fabricius, J. C. (1798) Supplementum entomologiae systematicae. Hafniae Proft et Storch, 572 pp." type="book" year="1798">Fabricius, 1798</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="82FD28F8A650FF90D209F8901ED88522" authorityName="Hobbs & Hall" authorityYear="1969" class="Malacostraca" family="Cambaridae" genus="Cambarus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="howardi">
|
||
<emphasis id="77898F69A650FF90D209F8901ED88522" italics="true" pageId="7">Cambarus howardi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="82FD28F8A650FF90D62FF8FC1C5E8522" authority="Girard, 1852" authorityName="Girard" authorityYear="1852" box="[257,629,1864,1889]" class="Malacostraca" family="Cambaridae" genus="Cambarus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="robustus">
|
||
<emphasis id="77898F69A650FF90D62FF8FC1FF68522" box="[257,477,1865,1889]" italics="true" pageId="7">Cambarus robustus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="216C2E8AA650FF90D6CDF8FD1C5E8522" author="Girard, C." box="[483,629,1864,1889]" pageId="7" pagination="87 - 91" refId="ref6218" refString="Girard, C. (1852) A revision of the North American Astaci, with observations on their habits and geographical distribution. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 6, 87 - 91." type="journal article" year="1852">Girard, 1852</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="82FD28F8A650FF90D5AFF8FC1DA28522" baseAuthorityName="LeConte" baseAuthorityYear="1856" box="[641,905,1865,1889]" class="Malacostraca" family="Cambaridae" genus="Procambarus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spiculifer">
|
||
<emphasis id="77898F69A650FF90D5AFF8FC1DA28522" box="[641,905,1865,1889]" italics="true" pageId="7">Procambarus spiculifer</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="82FD28F8A650FF90D4EEF8FC1A8C8522" baseAuthorityName="Girard" baseAuthorityYear="1852" box="[960,1191,1865,1889]" class="Malacostraca" family="Cambaridae" genus="Procambarus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="clarkii">
|
||
<emphasis id="77898F69A650FF90D4EEF8FC1A8C8522" box="[960,1191,1865,1889]" italics="true" pageId="7">Procambarus clarkii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the latter of which is introduced in the Saluda River Basin.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="0DE700F0A650FF9FD7E9F8251CB683B7" lastPageId="8" pageId="7" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="4542537BA650FF9FD7E9F8251CB683B7" blockId="7.[151,1437,1216,2033]" lastBlockId="8.[151,1437,151,501]" lastPageId="8" pageId="7">
|
||
<emphasis id="77898F69A650FF90D7E9F8251F9685EA" bold="true" box="[199,445,1936,1961]" pageId="7">Conservation status.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="82FD28F8A650FF90D6E8F8241CEF85EB" authorityName="Williams & Delekta & Loughman" authorityYear="2019" box="[454,708,1937,1961]" class="Malacostraca" family="Cambaridae" genus="Cambarus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acuminatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="77898F69A650FF90D6E8F8241CEF85EB" box="[454,708,1937,1961]" italics="true" pageId="7">Cambarus acuminatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
appears to be stable at this time in upper reaches of the Saluda River system, although substantial threats do exist. The damming of the Saluda River in 1905, creating Saluda Lake, eliminated several kilometers of stream previously occupied by the species. The authors recently completed crayfish surveys throughout the Santee Basin of North and
|
||
<collectingRegion id="87399D99A65FFF9FD402FF221DFC82F3" box="[812,983,151,176]" country="United States of America" name="South Carolina" pageId="8">South Carolina</collectingRegion>
|
||
, and discovered
|
||
<taxonomicName id="82FD28F8A65FFF9FD3BFFF2C1ADE82F3" baseAuthorityName="Girard" baseAuthorityYear="1852" box="[1169,1269,152,176]" class="Malacostraca" family="Cambaridae" genus="Procambarus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="clarkii">
|
||
<emphasis id="77898F69A65FFF9FD3BFFF2C1ADE82F3" box="[1169,1269,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="8">P. clarkii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
populations in the Saluda River system. This species—introduced into numerous waterways throughout South Carolina—is a notorious invader of freshwater ecosystems worldwide, with deleterious, and often devastating impacts on native ecosystems (Hobbs
|
||
<emphasis id="77898F69A65FFF9FD657FEB01F80835F" box="[377,427,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="8">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 1989;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="216C2E8AA65FFF9FD52FFEB11CC3835F" author="Gamradt, S. C. & Kats, L. B. & Anzalone, C. B." box="[513,744,260,285]" pageId="8" pagination="793 - 796" refId="ref6160" refString="Gamradt, S. C., Kats, L. B. & Anzalone, C. B. (1997) Aggression by non? native crayfish deters breeding in California newts. Conservation Biology, 11, 793 - 796." type="journal article" year="1997">
|
||
Gamradt
|
||
<emphasis id="77898F69A65FFF9FD545FEB01CB7835F" box="[619,668,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="8">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 1997
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="216C2E8AA65FFF9FD5DAFEB11DC7835E" author="Rodriguez, C. & Becares, E." box="[756,1004,260,285]" pageId="8" pagination="75" refId="ref7326" refString="Rodriguez, C., Becares, E., Fernandez-alaez, M. & Fernandez-alaez, C. (2005) Loss of diversity and degradation of wetlands as a result of introducing exotic crayfish. Biological Invasions, 7, 75. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 10530 - 004 - 9636 - 7" type="journal article" year="2005">
|
||
Rodríguez
|
||
<emphasis id="77898F69A65FFF9FD45EFEB01D88835F" box="[880,931,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="8">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2005
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="216C2E8AA65FFF9FD4D7FEB11B35835E" author="Souty-Grosset, C. & Anastacio, P. M. & Aquiloni, L. & Banha, F. & Choquer, J. & Chucholl, C. & Tricarico, E." box="[1017,1310,260,285]" pageId="8" pagination="78 - 93" refId="ref7387" refString="Souty-Grosset, C., Anastacio, P. M., Aquiloni, L., Banha, F., Choquer, J., Chucholl, C. & Tricarico, E. (2016) The red swamp crayfish Procambarus clarkii in Europe: Impacts on aquatic ecosystems and human well-being. Limnologica, 58, 78 - 93. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. limno. 2016.03.003" type="journal article" year="2016">
|
||
Souty-Grosset
|
||
<emphasis id="77898F69A65FFF9FD38FFEB01AF8835F" box="[1185,1235,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="8">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2016
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), including displacement of native crayfishes (e.g.,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="216C2E8AA65FFF9FD57BFE921D448303" author="Hanshew, B. A. & Garcia, T. S." box="[597,879,295,320]" pageId="8" pagination="2285 - 2296" refId="ref6258" refString="Hanshew, B. A. & Garcia, T. S. (2012) Invasion of the shelter snatchers: behavioral plasticity in invasive red swamp crayfish, Procambarus clarkii. Freshwater Biology, 57, 2285 - 2296. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / fwb. 12002" type="journal article" year="2012">Hanshew & Garcia 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="216C2E8AA65FFF9FD455FE921A138303" author="Pearl, C. A. & Adams, M. J. & McCreary, B." box="[891,1080,295,320]" pageId="8" pagination="171 - 184" refId="ref7159" refString="Pearl, C. A., Adams, M. J. & McCreary, B. (2013) Habitat co-occurrence of native and invasive crayfish in the Pacific Northwest, USA. Aquatic Invasions, 8, 171 - 184. https: // doi. org / 10.3391 / ai. 2013.8.2.05" type="journal article" year="2013">
|
||
Pearl
|
||
<emphasis id="77898F69A65FFF9FD495FE9C1DC68303" box="[955,1005,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="8">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2013
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Spread of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="82FD28F8A65FFF9FD390FE9C1B088303" baseAuthorityName="Girard" baseAuthorityYear="1852" box="[1214,1315,296,320]" class="Malacostraca" family="Cambaridae" genus="Procambarus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="clarkii">
|
||
<emphasis id="77898F69A65FFF9FD390FE9C1AE78303" box="[1214,1228,297,320]" italics="true" pageId="8">P</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="77898F69A65FFF9FD3F4FE9D1B088303" box="[1242,1315,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="8">clarkii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
within the Saluda River drainage poses a serious threat to long term existence of the Saluda River endemic
|
||
<taxonomicName id="82FD28F8A65FFF9FD3DFFEF91BBE8327" authorityName="Williams & Delekta & Loughman" authorityYear="2019" box="[1265,1429,332,356]" class="Malacostraca" family="Cambaridae" genus="Cambarus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acuminatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="77898F69A65FFF9FD3DFFEF91B2F8320" box="[1265,1284,332,355]" italics="true" pageId="8">C</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="77898F69A65FFF9FD23AFEF81BBE8327" box="[1300,1429,333,356]" italics="true" pageId="8">acuminatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Urban and suburban development of and around Greeneville,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="87399D99A65FFF9FD478FEDA1A2A83CB" box="[854,1025,367,392]" country="United States of America" name="South Carolina" pageId="8">South Carolina</collectingRegion>
|
||
represent another potential threat to the continuity and health of streams in the Saluda River system, and in turn
|
||
<taxonomicName id="82FD28F8A65FFF9FD4C6FE211AA283EF" authorityName="Williams & Delekta & Loughman" authorityYear="2019" box="[1000,1161,404,428]" class="Malacostraca" family="Cambaridae" genus="Cambarus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acuminatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="77898F69A65FFF9FD4C6FE211DD083E8" box="[1000,1019,404,427]" italics="true" pageId="8">C</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="77898F69A65FFF9FD326FE201AA283EF" box="[1032,1161,405,428]" italics="true" pageId="8">acuminatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. At present, populations in the South and North Fork of the Saluda River appear to be the most robust, and are protected, in part, within the Enoree District of the Sumter National Forest.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |