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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1084.77096" ID-GBIF-Dataset="198e8274-9e29-44c2-91cf-6d056c99c05e" ID-PMC="PMC8816832" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1084-101" ID-Pensoft-UUID="4E6F8344BE325B81AA36693DEA15C87A" ID-PubMed="35177947" ID-ZooBank="96254C0820EB4F26AB2EDBC62983DA4E" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1084-101" checkinTime="1643459652268" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Zheng, Yan-Na, Cai, Xin-Ru &amp; Ma, Li-Bin" docDate="2022" docId="11023AEBA1055E21AB8467370A24EEA2" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1084: 101-117" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1084" docPubDate="2022-01-28" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1084.77096" docTitle="Velarifictorus flavifrons Chopard 1966" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" id="4E6F8344BE325B81AA36693DEA15C87A" lastPageNumber="101" masterDocId="4E6F8344BE325B81AA36693DEA15C87A" masterDocTitle="Taxonomy of Landrevus species group of Velarifictorus Randell, 1964 (Orthoptera, Gryllidae, Gryllinae) with one new species and morphological diversity of Velarifictorus flavifrons Chopard, 1966" masterLastPageNumber="117" masterPageNumber="101" pageNumber="101" updateTime="1668151434309" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Taxonomy of Landrevus species group of Velarifictorus Randell, 1964 (Orthoptera, Gryllidae, Gryllinae) with one new species and morphological diversity of Velarifictorus flavifrons Chopard, 1966</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Zheng, Yan-Na</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Cai, Xin-Ru</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Ma, Li-Bin</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8556-7158</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">libinma@foxmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2022</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2022-01-28</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>1084</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>101</mods:start>
<mods:end>117</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location>
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1084.77096</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1084.77096</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-1084-101</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">96254C0820EB4F26AB2EDBC62983DA4E</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">4E6F8344BE325B81AA36693DEA15C87A</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<subSection pageId="0" pageNumber="101" type="taxonomy">
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="193081061" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:11023AEBA1055E21AB8467370A24EEA2" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/11023AEBA1055E21AB8467370A24EEA2" lastPageNumber="101" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="101" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
<taxonomicName LSID="11023AEB-A105-5E21-AB84-67370A24EEA2" authority="Chopard, 1966" authorityName="Chopard" authorityYear="1966" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Velarifictorus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Velarifictorus flavifrons" order="Orthoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavifrons">Velarifictorus flavifrons Chopard, 1966</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="101" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Front view of heads of Velarifictorus A, D V. zhengi sp. nov. B, E V. landrevus C, F V. flavifrons A-C male D-F female." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1084.77096.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/639219" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
:
<normalizedToken originalValue="黄额斗蟋">黄额斗蟋</normalizedToken>
Figures 8C, F
</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Dorsal view of heads and pronotum of Velarifictorus A, D V. zhengi sp. nov. B, E V. landrevus C, F V. flavifrons A-C male D-F female." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1084.77096.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/639220" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">, 9C, F</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Lateral view of heads of Velarifictorus A, D V. zhengi sp. nov. B, E V. landrevus C, F V. flavifrons A-C male D-F female." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1084.77096.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/639221" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">, 10C, F</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Bodies of Velarifictorus flavifrons A male B female. Scale bars: 10 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1084.77096.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/639222" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">, 11</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Genitalia of Velarifictorus flavifrons A dorsal view B, C lateral view (ectoparamerea are movable and may touch or be separated from middle epiphallic lobe in some material) D ventral view E-H caudal view E inner branch observable and apically acute F inner branch small and asymmetry (observed five samples), as evident here, the left apically rounded and the right somewhat acute G inner branch relatively weak H inner branch similarly placed as in F but different in details." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1084.77096.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/639223" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">, 12</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Right tegmina of Velarifictorus A, D V. zhengi sp. nov. B, E V. landrevus C, F V. flavifrons A-C male D-F female." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1084.77096.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/639224" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">, 13C, F</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Ovipositor of Velarifictorus A, B V. zhengi sp. nov. C, D V. landrevus E, F V. flavifrons A, C, E inside of ovipositor B, D, F outside of ovipositor." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1084.77096.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/639225" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">, 14E, F</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="101" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Chopard" authorityYear="1966" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Velarifictorus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Velarifictorus flavifrons" order="Orthoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavifrons">Velarifictorus flavifrons</taxonomicName>
Chopard, 1966: 607;
<bibRefCitation author="Chopard, L" journalOrPublisher="Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France, Nouvelle Serie" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" refId="B4" refString="Chopard, L, 1967. Gryllides. Fam. Gryllidae; Subfam. Gryllinae (Trib. Grymnogryllini, Gryllini, Gryllomorphini, Nemobiini)." title="Gryllides. Fam. Gryllidae; Subfam. Gryllinae (Trib. Grymnogryllini, Gryllini, Gryllomorphini, Nemobiini)" year="1967">Chopard 1967</bibRefCitation>
: 124
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Chopard" authorityYear="1966" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Velarifictorus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Velarifictorus (Velarifictorus) flavifrons" order="Orthoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavifrons" subGenus="Velarifictorus">Velarifictorus (Velarifictorus) flavifrons</taxonomicName>
, Shishodia et al., 2010: 212; Kim and Hong 2014: 61; Zhang et al. 2017: 26; Chen et al. 2018: 502
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Tandon &amp; Shishodia" authorityYear="1972" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Scapsipedus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scapsipedus arorai" order="Orthoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arorai">Scapsipedus arorai</taxonomicName>
Tandon &amp; Shishodia, 1972: 281; synonymized by
<bibRefCitation author="Vasanth, M" journalOrPublisher="Records of the Zoological Survey of India, Miscellaneous Publication, Occasional Paper" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" pagination="1 - 178" refId="B16" refString="Vasanth, M, 1993. Studies on crickets (Insecta: Orthoptera: Gryllidae) of northeast India. Records of the Zoological Survey of India, Miscellaneous Publication, Occasional Paper 132 (1-6): 1 - 178" title="Studies on crickets (Insecta: Orthoptera: Gryllidae) of northeast India." volume="132" year="1993">Vasanth 1993</bibRefCitation>
: 38
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bhowmik" authorityYear="1967" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Scapsipedus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scapsipedus bhadurii" order="Orthoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bhadurii">Scapsipedus bhadurii</taxonomicName>
Bhowmik, 1967: 127; synonymized by
<bibRefCitation author="Vasanth, M" journalOrPublisher="Oriental Insects" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" refId="B15" refString="Vasanth, M, 1982. Taxonomic studies on the gryllid fauna of northeast India (Insecta: Orthoptera: Gryllidae). PhD Thesis, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India." title="Taxonomic studies on the gryllid fauna of northeast India (Insecta: Orthoptera: Gryllidae). PhD Thesis, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India." year="1982">Vasanth 1982</bibRefCitation>
: 123
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Tandon &amp; Shishodia" authorityYear="1974" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Velarifictorus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Velarifictorus dehradunensis" order="Orthoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dehradunensis">Velarifictorus dehradunensis</taxonomicName>
Tandon &amp; Shishodia, 1974: 299; synonymized by
<bibRefCitation author="Bhowmik, H" journalOrPublisher="Records of the Zoological Survey of India, Miscellaneous Publication, Occasional Paper" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" pagination="1 - 85" refId="B2" refString="Bhowmik, H, 1985. Contribution to the Gryllid fauna of the Western Himalayas (Orthoptera: Gryllidae). Records of the Zoological Survey of India, Miscellaneous Publication, Occasional Paper 73: 1 - 85" title="Contribution to the Gryllid fauna of the Western Himalayas (Orthoptera: Gryllidae)." volume="73" year="1985">Bhowmik 1985</bibRefCitation>
: 30
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Biswas, S. &amp; Ghosh" authorityYear="1975" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Velarifictorus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Velarifictorus jaintianus" order="Orthoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jaintianus">Velarifictorus jaintianus</taxonomicName>
Biswas &amp; Ghosh, 1975: 221; synonymized by
<bibRefCitation author="Bhowmik, H" journalOrPublisher="Records of the Zoological Survey of India, Miscellaneous Publication, Occasional Paper" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" pagination="1 - 85" refId="B2" refString="Bhowmik, H, 1985. Contribution to the Gryllid fauna of the Western Himalayas (Orthoptera: Gryllidae). Records of the Zoological Survey of India, Miscellaneous Publication, Occasional Paper 73: 1 - 85" title="Contribution to the Gryllid fauna of the Western Himalayas (Orthoptera: Gryllidae)." volume="73" year="1985">Bhowmik 1985</bibRefCitation>
: 37
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Tandon &amp; Shishodia" authorityYear="1972" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Scapsipedus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scapsipedus lohitensis" order="Orthoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lohitensis">Scapsipedus lohitensis</taxonomicName>
Tandon &amp; Shishodia, 1972: 281; synonymized by
<bibRefCitation author="Vasanth, M" journalOrPublisher="Oriental Insects" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" refId="B15" refString="Vasanth, M, 1982. Taxonomic studies on the gryllid fauna of northeast India (Insecta: Orthoptera: Gryllidae). PhD Thesis, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India." title="Taxonomic studies on the gryllid fauna of northeast India (Insecta: Orthoptera: Gryllidae). PhD Thesis, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India." year="1982">Vasanth 1982</bibRefCitation>
: 123
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bhowmik" authorityYear="1967" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Scapsipedus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scapsipedus sikkimensis" order="Orthoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sikkimensis">Scapsipedus sikkimensis</taxonomicName>
Bhowmik, 1967: 126; synonymized by
<bibRefCitation author="Gorochov, AV" journalOrPublisher="Trudy Zoologitscheskogo Instituta, Akademiia Nauk SSSR, Leningrad" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" refId="B7" refString="Gorochov, AV, 2001. Additions to the revision of Itarinae (Orthoptera: Gryllidae). Zoosystematica Rossica 9(1): e36." title="Additions to the revision of Itarinae (Orthoptera: Gryllidae). Zoosystematica Rossica 9 (1): e 36." year="2001">Gorochov 2001</bibRefCitation>
:321
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Liu, Zhibin &amp; X. -C. Yin" authorityYear="1993" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Velarifictorus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Velarifictorus yunnanensis" order="Orthoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yunnanensis">Velarifictorus yunnanensis</taxonomicName>
Liu &amp; Yin, 1993: 90, 93; synonymized by
<bibRefCitation author="Gorochov, AV" journalOrPublisher="Trudy Zoologitscheskogo Instituta, Akademiia Nauk SSSR, Leningrad" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" refId="B7" refString="Gorochov, AV, 2001. Additions to the revision of Itarinae (Orthoptera: Gryllidae). Zoosystematica Rossica 9(1): e36." title="Additions to the revision of Itarinae (Orthoptera: Gryllidae). Zoosystematica Rossica 9 (1): e 36." year="2001">Gorochov 2001</bibRefCitation>
: 321
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="101" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="101">Examined material.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2022-01-01" collectingDateMax="2022-12-31" collectingDateMin="2022-01-01" collectorName="Libin Ma" location="Yunnan" longitude="101.955" municipality="Gongshan" specimenCount="7" specimenCount-female="2" specimenCount-male="5">
<specimenCount type="male">5 males</specimenCount>
and
<specimenCount type="female">2 females</specimenCount>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:11023AEBA1055E21AB8467370A24EEA2:CF11AB92648240FDED45AEA90B855F23" longitude="101.955" municipality="Gongshan" name="Yunnan">Yunnan</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality>Gongshan</collectingMunicipality>
, 21°69.4'N,
<geoCoordinate degrees="101" direction="east" minutes="57.3" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="101.955">101°57.3'E</geoCoordinate>
, Ⅵ-14-2019,
<collectorName>Libin Ma</collectorName>
leg.
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2022-01-01" collectingDateMax="2022-12-31" collectingDateMin="2022-01-01" collectorName="Libin Ma" county="Beibeng" latitude="29.408333" location="Xizang" longLatPrecision="122" longitude="95.293335" municipality="Motuo" specimenCount="12" specimenCount-female="2" specimenCount-male="10">
<specimenCount type="male">10 males</specimenCount>
and
<specimenCount type="female">2 females</specimenCount>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:11023AEBA1055E21AB8467370A24EEA2:980E07D1812C86EB005802A3B8B2C056" county="Beibeng" latitude="29.408333" longLatPrecision="122" longitude="95.293335" municipality="Motuo" name="Xizang">Xizang</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality>Motuo</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingCounty>Beibeng</collectingCounty>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="29" direction="north" minutes="24.5" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="29.408333">29°24.5'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="95" direction="east" minutes="17.6" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="95.293335">95°17.6'E</geoCoordinate>
, Ⅴ-31-2019,
<collectorName>Libin Ma</collectorName>
leg.
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2022-01-01" collectingDateMax="2022-12-31" collectingDateMin="2022-01-01" collectorName="Libin, Specimens" county="Longbang" location="Guangxi" longitude="106.54667" municipality="Jingxi" specimenCount="5" specimenCount-male="5">
<specimenCount type="male">5 males</specimenCount>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:11023AEBA1055E21AB8467370A24EEA2:29F870E638B751DF32F456B92F88E7CB" county="Longbang" longitude="106.54667" municipality="Jingxi" name="Guangxi">Guangxi</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality>Jingxi</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingCounty>Longbang</collectingCounty>
, 22°87.3'N,
<geoCoordinate degrees="106" direction="east" minutes="32.8" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="106.54667">106°32.8'E</geoCoordinate>
, Ⅴ-1-2019,
<collectorName>Libin</collectorName>
and Tao Zhang leg.
<collectorName>Specimens</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
in grass and leaf litter.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="101" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="101">Measurements.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
Male (
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">n</emphasis>
= 15)
</emphasis>
: BL 16.7
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.53, HL 3.23
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.23, HW 5.13
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.23, PL 3.13
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.76, PW 4.98
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.03, FWL 8.98
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.64, MTL 5.18
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.22, HFL 9.23
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.26;
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
Female (
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">n</emphasis>
= 4)
</emphasis>
: BL 17.98
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.24, HL 3.87
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.54, HW 5.31
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.76, PL 4.43
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.03, PW 6.34
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.35, FWL 4.43
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.15, HFL 13.45
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.76, OL 13.63
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.18.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1084.77096.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/639220" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" start="Figure 9" startId="F9">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">Figure 9.</emphasis>
Dorsal view of heads and pronotum of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Randell" authorityYear="1964" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Velarifictorus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Velarifictorus" order="Orthoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">Velarifictorus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">A, D</emphasis>
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="V. zhengi" order="Orthoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zhengi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">V. zhengi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">B, E</emphasis>
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="V. landrevus" order="Orthoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="landrevus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">V. landrevus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">C, F</emphasis>
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="V. flavifrons" order="Orthoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavifrons">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">V. flavifrons</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">A-C</emphasis>
male
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">D-F</emphasis>
female.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="101" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="101">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">Male</emphasis>
: vertex broad and flattened, slightly inclined. Occiput slightly convex, almost in equal length with pronotum. Frontal rostrum convex, inclined dorsally and ventrally, and nearly twice wider than antennal scape. Antennal scape shield-like. Median ocellus transversely ovoid, lateral ocelli ovoid. Eyes ovoid, about 1/3 length of head. Postclypeus shaped as narrow band, lower margin convex; anteclypeus trapezoidal. Labrum rhomboid, apical margin slightly rounded. End section of maxillary palpi slightly longer than the third; end section of labial palpi depressed and widened, almost equal to the total length of all other sections.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1084.77096.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/639221" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" start="Figure 10" startId="F10">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">Figure 10.</emphasis>
Lateral view of heads of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Randell" authorityYear="1964" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Velarifictorus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Velarifictorus" order="Orthoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">Velarifictorus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">A, D</emphasis>
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="V. zhengi" order="Orthoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zhengi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">V. zhengi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">B, E</emphasis>
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="V. landrevus" order="Orthoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="landrevus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">V. landrevus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">C, F</emphasis>
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="V. flavifrons" order="Orthoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavifrons">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">V. flavifrons</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">A-C</emphasis>
male
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">D-F</emphasis>
female.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="101">Pronotum broad and flattened. Median groove of pronotal disc distinct and ornamented with symmetrical blade-pattern on both sides. Posterior margin straight and middle of anterior margin concave inside, and both margins almost equal in width.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="101">Oblique veins three. Diagonal vein proximally bifurcate, each branch connected to CuA vein. Chord veins three. Mirror shield-like, posterior margin slightly rounded, and dividing vein curved. The apical field almost as wide as mirror and armed with regular cells.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="101">Inner tympanum relatively small or absent, and outer tympanum elongate-oval. Hind tibiae armed with dorsal spurs (numbered 5:6) almost equal in length; apical spurs external three (dorsal one about 3/2 length of dorsal spurs; ventral and middle nearly equal in length and almost equal to dorsal spurs) and inner two (equal in length and about 2/3 length of the dorsal).</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1084.77096.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/639222" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" start="Figure 11" startId="F11">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">Figure 11.</emphasis>
Bodies of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Chopard" authorityYear="1966" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Velarifictorus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Velarifictorus flavifrons" order="Orthoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavifrons">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">Velarifictorus flavifrons</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">A</emphasis>
male
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">B</emphasis>
female. Scale bars: 10 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="101" type="genitalia">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="101">Genitalia.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
Lateral lobes of epiphallus sheet-like, apically rounded, and pilose. Middle lobe of epiphallus about 1/2 length of epiphallic lateral lobes, ventrally possessing projections and about 1/3 length of epiphallic lateral lobes. Ectoparamere proximally rod-like and distally sheet-like. Ectoparamere curved dorsally (degree of curvature variable). Apex of ectoparamere bifurcate, outer branch rather long (slightly longer than epiphallic lateral lobes) and apically rounded, and the inner relatively short (only a small protrusion and varied in size and shape: round or acute, or asymmetry with one round while another acute) (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Genitalia of Velarifictorus flavifrons A dorsal view B, C lateral view (ectoparamerea are movable and may touch or be separated from middle epiphallic lobe in some material) D ventral view E-H caudal view E inner branch observable and apically acute F inner branch small and asymmetry (observed five samples), as evident here, the left apically rounded and the right somewhat acute G inner branch relatively weak H inner branch similarly placed as in F but different in details." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1084.77096.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/639223" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">12E-H</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1084.77096.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/639223" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" start="Figure 12" startId="F12">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">Figure 12.</emphasis>
Genitalia of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Chopard" authorityYear="1966" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Velarifictorus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Velarifictorus flavifrons" order="Orthoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavifrons">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">Velarifictorus flavifrons</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">A</emphasis>
dorsal view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">B, C</emphasis>
lateral view (ectoparamerea are movable and may touch or be separated from middle epiphallic lobe in some material)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">D</emphasis>
ventral view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">E-H</emphasis>
caudal view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">E</emphasis>
inner branch observable and apically acute
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">F</emphasis>
inner branch small and asymmetry (observed five samples), as evident here, the left apically rounded and the right somewhat acute
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">G</emphasis>
inner branch relatively weak
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">H</emphasis>
inner branch similarly placed as in F but different in details.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="101" type="coloration">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="101">Coloration.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="101">Body brown. Occiput dark brown, vertex armed with six yellowish-brown strips. Anteclypeus dark brown, postclypeus light brown. With a broad yellowish-brown band between ocelli. End section of maxillary palpi dark brown and remainder sections light yellow.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">Female.</emphasis>
Resembles the male. Tegmen reaches apical abdominal tergite (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Bodies of Velarifictorus flavifrons A male B female. Scale bars: 10 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1084.77096.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/639222" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">11B</figureCitation>
) and dorsally armed with irregular longitudinal veins and laterally with five Sc branches (innermost of which branches medially and apically) (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Right tegmina of Velarifictorus A, D V. zhengi sp. nov. B, E V. landrevus C, F V. flavifrons A-C male D-F female." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1084.77096.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/639224" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">13F</figureCitation>
). Ovipositor brown, smooth, arrow-shaped, and slightly longer than posterior femur. The dorsal ovipositor valve apically truncated, whereas the ventral valve with apex slightly acute (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Ovipositor of Velarifictorus A, B V. zhengi sp. nov. C, D V. landrevus E, F V. flavifrons A, C, E inside of ovipositor B, D, F outside of ovipositor." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1084.77096.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/639225" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">14E, F</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1084.77096.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/639224" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" start="Figure 13" startId="F13">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">Figure 13.</emphasis>
Right tegmina of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Randell" authorityYear="1964" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Velarifictorus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Velarifictorus" order="Orthoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">Velarifictorus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">A, D</emphasis>
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="V. zhengi" order="Orthoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zhengi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">V. zhengi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">B, E</emphasis>
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="V. landrevus" order="Orthoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="landrevus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">V. landrevus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">C, F</emphasis>
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="V. flavifrons" order="Orthoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavifrons">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">V. flavifrons</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">A-C</emphasis>
male
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">D-F</emphasis>
female.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1084.77096.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/639225" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" start="Figure 14" startId="F14">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">Figure 14.</emphasis>
Ovipositor of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Randell" authorityYear="1964" class="Insecta" family="Gryllidae" genus="Velarifictorus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Velarifictorus" order="Orthoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">Velarifictorus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">A, B</emphasis>
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="V. zhengi" order="Orthoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zhengi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">V. zhengi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">C, D</emphasis>
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="V. landrevus" order="Orthoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="landrevus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">V. landrevus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">E, F</emphasis>
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="V. flavifrons" order="Orthoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavifrons">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">V. flavifrons</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">A, C, E</emphasis>
inside of ovipositor
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">B, D, F</emphasis>
outside of ovipositor.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="101" type="remarks">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="101">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="101">
<bibRefCitation author="Gorochov, AV" journalOrPublisher="Trudy Zoologitscheskogo Instituta, Akademiia Nauk SSSR, Leningrad" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" refId="B7" refString="Gorochov, AV, 2001. Additions to the revision of Itarinae (Orthoptera: Gryllidae). Zoosystematica Rossica 9(1): e36." title="Additions to the revision of Itarinae (Orthoptera: Gryllidae). Zoosystematica Rossica 9 (1): e 36." year="2001">Gorochov (2001)</bibRefCitation>
considered
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="V. yunnanensis" order="Orthoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yunnanensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">V. yunnanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to be a junior synonym of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="V. flavifrons" order="Orthoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavifrons">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">V. flavifrons</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. We checked the original descriptions and found that the figures of these species differ. To confirm the relationship of these species, we studied material collected from Yunnan Province (seven individuals), which should either bear the name of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="V. flavifrons" order="Orthoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavifrons">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">V. flavifrons</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
or
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="V. yunnanensis" order="Orthoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yunnanensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">V. yunnanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Most of these specimens were collected at the same time and in the same location. We conclude that morphological variation of is present in the male genitalial complex (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Genitalia of Velarifictorus flavifrons A dorsal view B, C lateral view (ectoparamerea are movable and may touch or be separated from middle epiphallic lobe in some material) D ventral view E-H caudal view E inner branch observable and apically acute F inner branch small and asymmetry (observed five samples), as evident here, the left apically rounded and the right somewhat acute G inner branch relatively weak H inner branch similarly placed as in F but different in details." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1084.77096.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/639223" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">12</figureCitation>
), as follows: (1) ectoparamere dorsally curved and variable in its curvature; (2) ectoparamere bifurcate and inner branch variable in size (clearly or weakly observable); (3) inner branch of ectoparamere morphologically variable (round or acute, or asymmetry with one acute and the other rounded). Thus, our observations confirm the synonymy of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="V. flavifrons" order="Orthoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavifrons">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">V. flavifrons</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="V. yunnanensis" order="Orthoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yunnanensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="101">V. yunnanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as proposed by
<bibRefCitation author="Gorochov, AV" journalOrPublisher="Trudy Zoologitscheskogo Instituta, Akademiia Nauk SSSR, Leningrad" pageId="0" pageNumber="101" refId="B7" refString="Gorochov, AV, 2001. Additions to the revision of Itarinae (Orthoptera: Gryllidae). Zoosystematica Rossica 9(1): e36." title="Additions to the revision of Itarinae (Orthoptera: Gryllidae). Zoosystematica Rossica 9 (1): e 36." year="2001">Gorochov (2001)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</subSection>
</document>
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