574 lines
73 KiB
XML
574 lines
73 KiB
XML
<document id="EE4C978E524D5969EED49B71437FE51E" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3915.4.5" ID-GBIF-Dataset="f78092a7-ad6f-45dc-a53e-fd608adacc29" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="238372" ID-ZooBank="AD63D5F5-F2F5-458E-952E-22B50EF79735" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460975752443" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Charrier, Andrés, Correa, Claudio, Castro, Camila & Méndez, Marco A." docDate="2015" docId="046487F50435FFF3FF1AFD689BEE1538" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03915p550.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3915 (4)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Alsodes cantillanensis Charrier, Correa, Castro & Méndez, 2015, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="544" masterDocId="F85DFF8D0437FFF6FF8DFFDC9F251720" masterDocTitle="A new species of Alsodes (Anura: Alsodidae) from Altos de Cantillana, central Chile" masterLastPageNumber="550" masterPageNumber="540" pageNumber="542" updateTime="1698559711074" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="84A16F80DCBDF94649BAD3825C1DDC89">A new species of Alsodes (Anura: Alsodidae) from Altos de Cantillana, central Chile</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="B45934731087AF4C9D55CA8CA1A9309C">Charrier, Andrés</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="B9E6F01E1A1FA2143DC56063C1C333BC">Correa, Claudio</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="D02294E22FB61F4A03BCBF35BAE455E9">Castro, Camila</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="C2C81E016073FE3BD95F35505BA4C810">Méndez, Marco A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="E328DD66B05C48CCD6506716DA33A7D6">2015</mods:date>
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<mods:identifier id="833B6230CFDA623DA8698451036B722B" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.3915.4.5</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="046487F50435FFF3FF1AFD689BEE1538" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6093203" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119594186" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6093203" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:046487F50435FFF3FF1AFD689BEE1538" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/046487F50435FFF3FF1AFD689BEE1538" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="544" pageId="2" pageNumber="542">
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<subSubSection id="C4D765680435FFF4FF1AFD689D2D15EE" box="[151,520,692,718]" pageId="2" pageNumber="542" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8C7236E30435FFF4FF1AFD689D2D15EE" blockId="2.[151,520,692,718]" box="[151,520,692,718]" pageId="2" pageNumber="542">
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<heading id="D73A818F0435FFF4FF1AFD689D2D15EE" bold="true" box="[151,520,692,718]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="542" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="BEB9EAF10435FFF4FF1AFD689D2D15EE" bold="true" box="[151,520,692,718]" pageId="2" pageNumber="542">
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<taxonomicName id="4BCD4D600435FFF4FF1AFD689E8615EE" box="[151,419,692,718]" class="Amphibia" family="Cycloramphidae" genus="Alsodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="542" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cantillanensis" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="BEB9EAF10435FFF4FF1AFD689E8615EE" bold="true" box="[151,419,692,718]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="542">Alsodes cantillanensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A58A578A0435FFF4FE27FD689D2D15EE" box="[426,520,692,718]" pageId="2" pageNumber="542" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C4D765680435FFF4FF1AFD269E5B1483" pageId="2" pageNumber="542" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8C7236E30435FFF4FF1AFD269D38147B" blockId="2.[151,1437,762,2011]" pageId="2" pageNumber="542">
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<emphasis id="BEB9EAF10435FFF4FF1AFD269E2E1433" bold="true" box="[151,267,762,787]" pageId="2" pageNumber="542">
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<typeStatus id="537688410435FFF4FF1AFD269E231433" box="[151,262,762,787]" pageId="2" pageNumber="542" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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.
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</emphasis>
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A male (SSUC-Am-168;
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<figureCitation id="14F62A660435FFF4FDCDFD269DA71433" box="[576,642,762,787]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1515,1537]" captionTargetBox="[262,1318,730,1490]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[262,1318,730,1491]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Specimens of Alsodes cantillanensis sp. nov. (A, holotype, SSUC-Am- 168) and A. nodosus (B, adult male, not captured) from Quebrada Infiernillo. C and D show details of the irises of A. cantillanensis and A. nodosus, respectively." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/238373/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="542">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
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A and
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<figureCitation id="14F62A660435FFF4FD54FD269C3A1433" box="[729,799,762,787]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1360,1382]" captionTargetBox="[224,1358,493,1330]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[224,1358,481,1331]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Morphological details of the holotype of Alsodes cantillanensis sp. nov. (SSUC-Am- 168). A. Dorsal view of the head. B. Ventral view of the head. Note the spines patches on the chest. C. Lateral view of the head. D. Dorsal view of the left hand. Note the nuptial pads on fingers one and two, formed by small whitish spines. E. Ventral view of the left hand. F. Ventral view of the right foot. Bars equal 5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/238374/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="542">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
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) collected by Andrés Charrier and Alexander Baus in Quebrada Infiernillo, Fundo San Juan de Piche, Altos de Cantillana mountains (
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<geoCoordinate id="E9F950240435FFF4FB94FCC29B931417" box="[1049,1206,798,823]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="542" precision="1" value="-33.925724">33°55’32.6”S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="E9F950240435FFF4FB4FFCC29A431417" box="[1218,1382,798,823]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="542" precision="1" value="-71.042946">71°02’34.6”W</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<quantity id="4B359B060435FFF4FAFFFCC29F88147A" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" pageId="2" pageNumber="542" unit="m" value="850.0">850 m</quantity>
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a.s.l.;
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<figureCitation id="14F62A660435FFF4FF7BFC9E9E1C147B" box="[246,313,834,859]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1788,1810]" captionTargetBox="[178,1395,621,1742]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[162,1407,607,1756]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Localities of Alsodes and Eupsophus (outgroup) samples included in the phylogenetic analyses. Circles indicate localities of all species of Alsodes, except for those of A. nodosus (squares, right map). The map of the right inferior corner shows the area of Altos de Cantillana mountains where the type locality (red star) and the other known site of A. cantillanensis sp. nov. are located." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/238375/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="542">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
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), on
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<date id="F87310230435FFF4FEFFFC9F9D3C147B" box="[370,537,835,859]" pageId="2" pageNumber="542" value="2011-08-03">3 August 2011</date>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8C7236E30435FFF4FF4AFCBA9E5B1483" blockId="2.[151,1437,762,2011]" pageId="2" pageNumber="542">
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<emphasis id="BEB9EAF10435FFF4FF4AFCBA9E1E145F" bold="true" box="[199,315,870,895]" pageId="2" pageNumber="542">
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<typeStatus id="537688410435FFF4FF4AFCBA9E13145F" box="[199,310,870,895]" pageId="2" pageNumber="542" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
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.
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</emphasis>
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A female (SSUC-Am-169) collected by Andrés Charrier and Alexander Baus at the same place and date as the
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<typeStatus id="537688410435FFF4FE99FC569E5F1483" box="[276,378,906,931]" pageId="2" pageNumber="542" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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.
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C4D765680435FFF4FF4AFC729D0B13BF" pageId="2" pageNumber="542" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8C7236E30435FFF4FF4AFC729D0B13BF" blockId="2.[151,1437,762,2011]" pageId="2" pageNumber="542">
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<emphasis id="BEB9EAF10435FFF4FF4AFC729E6414E7" bold="true" box="[199,321,942,967]" pageId="2" pageNumber="542">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4BCD4D600435FFF4FEC1FC739D6C14E7" box="[332,585,943,967]" class="Amphibia" family="Cycloramphidae" genus="Alsodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="542" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cantillanensis">
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<emphasis id="BEB9EAF10435FFF4FEC1FC739D6C14E7" box="[332,585,943,967]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="542">Alsodes cantillanensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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can be distinguished from all other congeneric species for the following combination of characters: 1) thorny patches of the chest of males with spines uniformly distributed; 2) head with a triangle between the posterior border of the eyes and the snout tip, which contrasts with the background coloration; 3) superior part of the iris gold-yellowish brilliant, almost uniform; 4) postocular fold well-developed, extending beyond of the insertions of arms; 5) snout slightly truncated in dorsal and lateral profile; 6) dorsal skin smooth; 7) dorsal coloration ochre (
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<typeStatus id="537688410435FFF4FE20FBBE9D37135B" box="[429,530,1122,1147]" pageId="2" pageNumber="542" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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) or orange (
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<typeStatus id="537688410435FFF4FD12FBBF9C20135B" box="[671,773,1123,1147]" pageId="2" pageNumber="542" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
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), with small and diffuse dark spots irregularly distributed; and 8) posterior legs slightly barred.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C4D765680435FFF5FF4AFB769E941588" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="543" pageId="2" pageNumber="542" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8C7236E30435FFF4FF4AFB769B741023" blockId="2.[151,1437,762,2011]" pageId="2" pageNumber="542">
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<emphasis id="BEB9EAF10435FFF4FF4AFB769D2A13E3" bold="true" box="[199,527,1194,1219]" pageId="2" pageNumber="542">
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Description of the
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<typeStatus id="537688410435FFF4FE25FB769D2A13E3" box="[424,527,1194,1219]" pageId="2" pageNumber="542" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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</emphasis>
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. Male, SVL
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<quantity id="4B359B060435FFF4FD29FB769C2813E2" box="[676,781,1194,1219]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.59" pageId="2" pageNumber="542" unit="mm" value="45.9">45.9 mm</quantity>
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. Head 1.24 times wider than long (
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<figureCitation id="14F62A660435FFF4FB2DFB769BCB13E3" box="[1184,1262,1194,1219]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1360,1382]" captionTargetBox="[224,1358,493,1330]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[224,1358,481,1331]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Morphological details of the holotype of Alsodes cantillanensis sp. nov. (SSUC-Am- 168). A. Dorsal view of the head. B. Ventral view of the head. Note the spines patches on the chest. C. Lateral view of the head. D. Dorsal view of the left hand. Note the nuptial pads on fingers one and two, formed by small whitish spines. E. Ventral view of the left hand. F. Ventral view of the right foot. Bars equal 5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/238374/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="542">Figs. 2</figureCitation>
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A and 2B). HL 34.4% the SVL. Snout slightly truncated in lateral view (
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<figureCitation id="14F62A660435FFF4FCB5FB129CA513C7" box="[824,896,1230,1255]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1360,1382]" captionTargetBox="[224,1358,493,1330]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[224,1358,481,1331]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Morphological details of the holotype of Alsodes cantillanensis sp. nov. (SSUC-Am- 168). A. Dorsal view of the head. B. Ventral view of the head. Note the spines patches on the chest. C. Lateral view of the head. D. Dorsal view of the left hand. Note the nuptial pads on fingers one and two, formed by small whitish spines. E. Ventral view of the left hand. F. Ventral view of the right foot. Bars equal 5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/238374/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="542">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
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C). Nostrils with scarce relief and dorsolateral orientation, located midway between the tip of the snout and the anterior border of the eye. ID a quarter of the HW. EL 1.4 times the ID. Well-developed canthus rostralis, with a dark coloration on its underside, extending beyond the insertions of arms. Tympanic ring absent. Supratympanic fold well developed, without granulations. Chest with two clearly delimited bilateral nuptial round thorny patches. Spines of the chest patches minute, whitish and uniformly distributed (
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<figureCitation id="14F62A660435FFF4FE19FA5E9EFC12BB" box="[404,473,1410,1435]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1360,1382]" captionTargetBox="[224,1358,493,1330]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[224,1358,481,1331]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Morphological details of the holotype of Alsodes cantillanensis sp. nov. (SSUC-Am- 168). A. Dorsal view of the head. B. Ventral view of the head. Note the spines patches on the chest. C. Lateral view of the head. D. Dorsal view of the left hand. Note the nuptial pads on fingers one and two, formed by small whitish spines. E. Ventral view of the left hand. F. Ventral view of the right foot. Bars equal 5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/238374/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="542">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
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B). White thorny excrescences on the interior of the first and second fingers (
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<figureCitation id="14F62A660435FFF4FAB8FA5E9A5D12BB" box="[1333,1400,1410,1435]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1360,1382]" captionTargetBox="[224,1358,493,1330]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[224,1358,481,1331]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Morphological details of the holotype of Alsodes cantillanensis sp. nov. (SSUC-Am- 168). A. Dorsal view of the head. B. Ventral view of the head. Note the spines patches on the chest. C. Lateral view of the head. D. Dorsal view of the left hand. Note the nuptial pads on fingers one and two, formed by small whitish spines. E. Ventral view of the left hand. F. Ventral view of the right foot. Bars equal 5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/238374/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="542">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
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D). Dorsum, arms, legs and ventral surface of body smooth. Granular flanks. Hands without webbing. Fingers with white rounded tips, in order of increasing length: II <I <IV <III (
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<figureCitation id="14F62A660435FFF4FC13FA169CCB12C3" box="[926,1006,1482,1507]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1360,1382]" captionTargetBox="[224,1358,493,1330]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[224,1358,481,1331]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Morphological details of the holotype of Alsodes cantillanensis sp. nov. (SSUC-Am- 168). A. Dorsal view of the head. B. Ventral view of the head. Note the spines patches on the chest. C. Lateral view of the head. D. Dorsal view of the left hand. Note the nuptial pads on fingers one and two, formed by small whitish spines. E. Ventral view of the left hand. F. Ventral view of the right foot. Bars equal 5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/238374/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="542">Figs. 2</figureCitation>
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D and 2E). Outer metacarpal tubercle rounded, and bigger than the others tubercles (
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<figureCitation id="14F62A660435FFF4FD10FA329DC51127" box="[669,736,1518,1543]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1360,1382]" captionTargetBox="[224,1358,493,1330]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[224,1358,481,1331]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Morphological details of the holotype of Alsodes cantillanensis sp. nov. (SSUC-Am- 168). A. Dorsal view of the head. B. Ventral view of the head. Note the spines patches on the chest. C. Lateral view of the head. D. Dorsal view of the left hand. Note the nuptial pads on fingers one and two, formed by small whitish spines. E. Ventral view of the left hand. F. Ventral view of the right foot. Bars equal 5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/238374/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="542">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
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E). Inner metacarpal tubercle ovoid, smaller than the outer, but also well developed. One subarticular tubercle on digits I and II, and two on digits II and IV (
|
||
<figureCitation id="14F62A660435FFF4FB44F9CE9A2B110B" box="[1225,1294,1554,1579]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1360,1382]" captionTargetBox="[224,1358,493,1330]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[224,1358,481,1331]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Morphological details of the holotype of Alsodes cantillanensis sp. nov. (SSUC-Am- 168). A. Dorsal view of the head. B. Ventral view of the head. Note the spines patches on the chest. C. Lateral view of the head. D. Dorsal view of the left hand. Note the nuptial pads on fingers one and two, formed by small whitish spines. E. Ventral view of the left hand. F. Ventral view of the right foot. Bars equal 5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/238374/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="542">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
E). Posterior legs with slightly marked dark transversal bars. Feet without webbing. Toes long, with white rounded tips, without lateral fringes, in order of increasing length: I <II <V <III <IV (
|
||
<figureCitation id="14F62A660435FFF4FC1AF9869CF91153" box="[919,988,1626,1651]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1360,1382]" captionTargetBox="[224,1358,493,1330]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[224,1358,481,1331]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Morphological details of the holotype of Alsodes cantillanensis sp. nov. (SSUC-Am- 168). A. Dorsal view of the head. B. Ventral view of the head. Note the spines patches on the chest. C. Lateral view of the head. D. Dorsal view of the left hand. Note the nuptial pads on fingers one and two, formed by small whitish spines. E. Ventral view of the left hand. F. Ventral view of the right foot. Bars equal 5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/238374/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="542">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
F). Inner and outer metatarsal tubercles present, similar in size, the inner ovoid and the outer rounded. General dorsal coloration ochre, with a lighter triangle on the head between the posterior border of the eyes and the snout tip. A very thin yellowish vertebral line in the posterior half of the dorsum. Ventral coloration whitish. Measurements of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="537688410435FFF4FBD0F91A9B9A11FF" box="[1117,1215,1734,1759]" pageId="2" pageNumber="542" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
(in mm) are, SVL: 45.9; HL: 15.8; HW: 19.6; IOD: 5.6; ID: 5.1; EL: 6.9; ThL: 24.6; TL: 24.1; FL: 41.4.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8C7236E30435FFF5FF4AF8D29E941588" blockId="2.[151,1437,762,2011]" lastBlockId="3.[151,1436,151,680]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="543" pageId="2" pageNumber="542">
|
||
<emphasis id="BEB9EAF10435FFF4FF4AF8D29DA41007" bold="true" box="[199,641,1806,1831]" pageId="2" pageNumber="542">Comparison with congeneric species.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4BCD4D600435FFF4FD05F8D39CA61007" box="[648,899,1807,1831]" class="Amphibia" family="Cycloramphidae" genus="Alsodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="542" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cantillanensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="BEB9EAF10435FFF4FD05F8D39CA61007" box="[648,899,1807,1831]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="542">Alsodes cantillanensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be distinguished from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4BCD4D600435FFF4FB38F8D39A151007" box="[1205,1328,1807,1831]" class="Amphibia" family="Cycloramphidae" genus="Alsodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="542" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nodosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BEB9EAF10435FFF4FB38F8D39A151007" box="[1205,1328,1807,1831]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="542">A. nodosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, its sister species, for the following characters (
|
||
<figureCitation id="14F62A660435FFF4FDC6F8EE9DAB106B" box="[587,654,1842,1867]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1515,1537]" captionTargetBox="[262,1318,730,1490]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[262,1318,730,1491]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Specimens of Alsodes cantillanensis sp. nov. (A, holotype, SSUC-Am- 168) and A. nodosus (B, adult male, not captured) from Quebrada Infiernillo. C and D show details of the irises of A. cantillanensis and A. nodosus, respectively." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/238373/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="542">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
) (characters of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4BCD4D600435FFF4FCC4F8EF9CE2106B" box="[841,967,1843,1867]" class="Amphibia" family="Cycloramphidae" genus="Alsodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="542" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nodosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BEB9EAF10435FFF4FCC4F8EF9CE2106B" box="[841,967,1843,1867]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="542">A. nodosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in parentheses): superior part of the iris gold-yellowish, almost uniform (black, with small yellow spots), a light triangle on the head (absent), dorsal skin smooth (granular), and a regular arrangement of spines in the chest patches (spines arranged in at least nine small clusters in each chest patch) (see description of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4BCD4D600435FFF4FD6AF8439C4C1097" box="[743,873,1951,1975]" class="Amphibia" family="Cycloramphidae" genus="Alsodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="542" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nodosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BEB9EAF10435FFF4FD6AF8439C4C1097" box="[743,873,1951,1975]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="542">A. nodosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E85C4B120435FFF4FC16F8439B1C1097" author="Cuevas" box="[923,1081,1951,1975]" pageId="2" pageNumber="542" refString="Cuevas, C. C. (2013) The identity of the Chilean frog Alsodes laevis (Philippi 1902) (Cycloramphidae): Synonymy and generic partitioning of the type series. Herpetological Journal, 23, 145 - 152." type="journal article" year="2013">Cuevas 2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Externally,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4BCD4D600435FFF4FB57F8439ABE1097" box="[1242,1435,1951,1975]" class="Amphibia" family="Cycloramphidae" genus="Alsodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="542" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cantillanensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="BEB9EAF10435FFF4FB57F8439ABE1097" box="[1242,1435,1951,1975]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="542">A. cantillanensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
resembles more
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4BCD4D600435FFF4FEDDF81F9DB310FA" authority="Donoso-Barros" authorityName="Donoso-Barros" box="[336,662,1987,2011]" class="Amphibia" family="Cycloramphidae" genus="Alsodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="542" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vanzolinii">
|
||
<emphasis id="BEB9EAF10435FFF4FEDDF81F9EFB10FB" box="[336,478,1987,2011]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="542">A. vanzolinii</emphasis>
|
||
Donoso-Barros
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: both taxa have dorsal smooth skin, a triangle of lighter color on the head (yellowish and much more marked in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4BCD4D600434FFF5FD08FF449C311790" box="[645,788,152,176]" class="Amphibia" family="Cycloramphidae" genus="Alsodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="543" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vanzolinii">
|
||
<emphasis id="BEB9EAF10434FFF5FD08FF449C311790" box="[645,788,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="543">A. vanzolinii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, where it contrasts with the lateral dark coloration of the head), and the upper part of the iris yellowish (although in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4BCD4D600434FFF5FCBBFF609CE117F4" box="[822,964,188,212]" class="Amphibia" family="Cycloramphidae" genus="Alsodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="543" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vanzolinii">
|
||
<emphasis id="BEB9EAF10434FFF5FCBBFF609CE117F4" box="[822,964,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="543">A. vanzolinii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
the iris coloration is more discontinuous; see
|
||
<figureCitation id="14F62A660434FFF5FF4CFF039E2617D8" box="[193,259,223,248]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1515,1537]" captionTargetBox="[262,1318,730,1490]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[262,1318,730,1491]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Specimens of Alsodes cantillanensis sp. nov. (A, holotype, SSUC-Am- 168) and A. nodosus (B, adult male, not captured) from Quebrada Infiernillo. C and D show details of the irises of A. cantillanensis and A. nodosus, respectively." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/238373/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="543">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E85C4B120434FFF5FEA5FF039D6017D8" author="Rabanal" box="[296,581,223,248]" pageId="3" pageNumber="543" refString="Rabanal, F. E. & Alarcon, D. (2010) Amphibia, Anura, Cycloramphidae, Alsodes vanzolinii (Donoso-Barros, 1974): Rediscovery in nature, latitudinal and altitudinal extension in Nahuelbuta Range, southern Chile. Check List, 6, 362 - 363." type="journal article" year="2010">Rabanal & Alarcón 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). However,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4BCD4D600434FFF5FD47FF3C9C7217D8" box="[714,855,224,248]" class="Amphibia" family="Cycloramphidae" genus="Alsodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="543" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vanzolinii">
|
||
<emphasis id="BEB9EAF10434FFF5FD47FF3C9C7217D8" box="[714,855,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="543">A. vanzolinii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has the dorsum dark brownish with yellowish spots and the posterior extremities strongly barred (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E85C4B120434FFF5FD1BFED89CA1163C" author="Donoso-Barros" box="[662,900,260,284]" pageId="3" pageNumber="543" refString="Donoso-Barros, R. (1974) Nuevos reptiles y anfibios de Chile. Boletin de la Sociedad de Biologia de Concepcion, 48, 217 - 229." type="journal article" year="1974">Donoso-Barros 1974</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E85C4B120434FFF5FC1DFED99B03163C" author="Formas" box="[912,1062,260,284]" pageId="3" pageNumber="543" refString="Formas, J. R. (1980) The identity of the frog Eupsophus vanzolinii from Ramadillas, Nahuelbuta Range, Southern Chile. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 93, 920 - 927." type="journal article" year="1980">Formas 1980</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; see
|
||
<figureCitation id="14F62A660434FFF5FBD1FED89BB8163C" box="[1116,1181,260,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1515,1537]" captionTargetBox="[262,1318,730,1490]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[262,1318,730,1491]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Specimens of Alsodes cantillanensis sp. nov. (A, holotype, SSUC-Am- 168) and A. nodosus (B, adult male, not captured) from Quebrada Infiernillo. C and D show details of the irises of A. cantillanensis and A. nodosus, respectively." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/238373/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="543">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E85C4B120434FFF5FB4EFED89FF11660" author="Rabanal" pageId="3" pageNumber="543" refString="Rabanal, F. E. & Alarcon, D. (2010) Amphibia, Anura, Cycloramphidae, Alsodes vanzolinii (Donoso-Barros, 1974): Rediscovery in nature, latitudinal and altitudinal extension in Nahuelbuta Range, southern Chile. Check List, 6, 362 - 363." type="journal article" year="2010">Rabanal & Alarcón 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Furthermore, the phylogenetic analyses show that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4BCD4D600434FFF5FCB3FEF49CDB1660" box="[830,1022,296,320]" class="Amphibia" family="Cycloramphidae" genus="Alsodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="543" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cantillanensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="BEB9EAF10434FFF5FCB3FEF49CDB1660" box="[830,1022,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="543">A. cantillanensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is closer to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4BCD4D600434FFF5FB14FEF49A3F1660" box="[1177,1306,296,320]" class="Amphibia" family="Cycloramphidae" genus="Alsodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="543" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nodosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BEB9EAF10434FFF5FB14FEF49A3F1660" box="[1177,1306,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="543">A. nodosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
than to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4BCD4D600434FFF5FA09FEF49E201644" class="Amphibia" family="Cycloramphidae" genus="Alsodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="543" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vanzolinii">
|
||
<emphasis id="BEB9EAF10434FFF5FA09FEF49E201644" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="543">A. vanzolinii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; these three species constitute one of the two main clades in which the genus is divided (
|
||
<figureCitation id="14F62A660434FFF5FB66FE909A141644" box="[1259,1329,332,357]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1278,1300]" captionTargetBox="[178,1411,179,1252]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[170,1417,175,1257]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Bayesian inference consensus tree (50 % majority-rule) showing the position of the new species, Alsodes cantillanensis (in bold), within the genus. Numbers next to the nodes, separated by slashes, correspond to bootstrap values of maximum parsimony analysis, treating gaps as a fifth state, and posterior probability of Bayesian inference, respectively." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/238376/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="543">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4BCD4D600434FFF5FAC8FE909E1616A8" class="Amphibia" family="Cycloramphidae" genus="Alsodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="543" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cantillanensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="BEB9EAF10434FFF5FAC8FE909E1616A8" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="543">Alsodes cantillanensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
also can be distinguished from the species of the other main clade by other characters. For example, the new taxon has no webbing toes, unlike
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4BCD4D600434FFF5FDFBFE489DC8168C" box="[630,749,404,428]" class="Amphibia" family="Cycloramphidae" genus="Alsodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="543" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gargola">
|
||
<emphasis id="BEB9EAF10434FFF5FDFBFE489DC8168C" box="[630,749,404,428]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="543">A. gargola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4BCD4D600434FFF5FD76FE489CA3168C" box="[763,902,404,428]" class="Amphibia" family="Cycloramphidae" genus="Alsodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="543" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="montanus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BEB9EAF10434FFF5FD76FE489CA3168C" box="[763,902,404,428]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="543">A. montanus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4BCD4D600434FFF5FC19FE489B0F168C" box="[916,1066,404,428]" class="Amphibia" family="Cycloramphidae" genus="Alsodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="543" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pehuenche">
|
||
<emphasis id="BEB9EAF10434FFF5FC19FE489B0F168C" box="[916,1066,404,428]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="543">A. pehuenche</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4BCD4D600434FFF5FBEAFE489A29168C" box="[1127,1292,404,428]" class="Amphibia" family="Cycloramphidae" genus="Alsodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="543" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tumultuosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BEB9EAF10434FFF5FBEAFE489A29168C" box="[1127,1292,404,428]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="543">A. tumultuosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; it lacks of a black triangular zone on top of head extending backwards from space between the eyes, present in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4BCD4D600434FFF5FA9FFE649A5116F0" box="[1298,1396,440,464]" class="Amphibia" family="Cycloramphidae" genus="Alsodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="543" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hugoi">
|
||
<emphasis id="BEB9EAF10434FFF5FA9FFE649A5116F0" box="[1298,1396,440,464]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="543">A. hugoi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4BCD4D600434FFF5FA09FE649E9C16D4" authority="Cuevas & Formas" authorityName="Cuevas & Formas" class="Amphibia" family="Cycloramphidae" genus="Alsodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="543" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="igneus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BEB9EAF10434FFF5FA09FE649FC516D4" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="543">A. igneus</emphasis>
|
||
Cuevas & Formas
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4BCD4D600434FFF5FE48FE009CAC16D4" authority="Veloso, Diaz, Iturra & Penna" authorityName="Veloso, Diaz, Iturra & Penna" box="[453,905,476,501]" class="Amphibia" family="Cycloramphidae" genus="Alsodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="543" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="barrioi">
|
||
<emphasis id="BEB9EAF10434FFF5FE48FE009D1016D4" box="[453,565,476,500]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="543">A. barrioi</emphasis>
|
||
Veloso, Díaz, Iturra & Penna
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4BCD4D600434FFF5FC4AFE009BA216D4" authority="Cuevas" authorityName="Cuevas" box="[967,1159,476,500]" class="Amphibia" family="Cycloramphidae" genus="Alsodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="543" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="norae">
|
||
<emphasis id="BEB9EAF10434FFF5FC4AFE009B0C16D4" box="[967,1065,476,500]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="543">A. norae</emphasis>
|
||
Cuevas
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; and it also differs of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4BCD4D600434FFF5FA09FE009E221538" class="Amphibia" family="Cycloramphidae" genus="Alsodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="543" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="monticola">
|
||
<emphasis id="BEB9EAF10434FFF5FA09FE009E221538" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="543">A. monticola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which has a green-grass dorsal color, of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4BCD4D600434FFF5FD52FDDC9CFE1538" authority="Philippi" authorityName="Philippi" box="[735,987,511,536]" class="Amphibia" family="Cycloramphidae" genus="Alsodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="543" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="verrucosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BEB9EAF10434FFF5FD52FDDC9C5F1538" box="[735,890,512,536]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="543">A. verrucosus</emphasis>
|
||
Philippi
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
which has the dorsal skin granular, and of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4BCD4D600434FFF5FF3AFDF89E0F151C" box="[183,298,548,572]" class="Amphibia" family="Cycloramphidae" genus="Alsodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="543" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vittatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BEB9EAF10434FFF5FF3AFDF89E0F151C" box="[183,298,548,572]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="543">A. vittatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which has a well-defined vertebral line extending from the tip of the snout to the vent. Finally,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4BCD4D600434FFF5FA09FDF89E161540" class="Amphibia" family="Cycloramphidae" genus="Alsodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="543" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cantillanensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="BEB9EAF10434FFF5FA09FDF89E161540" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="543">A. cantillanensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
lacks of folds of loose skin on the lateral areas of the body like
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4BCD4D600434FFF5FB9AFD949BBC1540" box="[1047,1177,584,608]" class="Amphibia" family="Cycloramphidae" genus="Alsodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="543" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="australis">
|
||
<emphasis id="BEB9EAF10434FFF5FB9AFD949BBC1540" box="[1047,1177,584,608]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="543">A. australis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4BCD4D600434FFF5FB24FD949A66157F" box="[1193,1347,584,607]" class="Amphibia" family="Cycloramphidae" genus="Alsodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="543" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="coppingeri">
|
||
<emphasis id="BEB9EAF10434FFF5FB24FD949A66157F" box="[1193,1347,584,607]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="543">A. coppingeri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4BCD4D600434FFF5FA09FD949E3315A4" class="Amphibia" family="Cycloramphidae" genus="Alsodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="543" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kaweshkari">
|
||
<emphasis id="BEB9EAF10434FFF5FA09FD949E3315A4" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="543">A. kaweshkari</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Furthermore, all these species have allopatric distributions with respect to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4BCD4D600434FFF5FB2FFDB09A4715A4" box="[1186,1378,620,644]" class="Amphibia" family="Cycloramphidae" genus="Alsodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="543" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cantillanensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="BEB9EAF10434FFF5FB2FFDB09A4715A4" box="[1186,1378,620,644]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="543">A. cantillanensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E85C4B120434FFF5FF1AFD4C9E801588" author="Cuevas" box="[151,421,655,680]" pageId="3" pageNumber="543" refString="Cuevas, C. C. & Formas, J. R. (2005) A new frog of the genus Alsodes (Leptodactylidae) from the Tolhuaca National Park, Andes Range, southern Chile. Amphibia-Reptilia, 26, 39 - 48. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1163 / 1568538053693288" type="journal article" year="2005">Cuevas & Formas 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="D8B2666B0434FFF5FF1AFA379A7B1100" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/238373/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="543" targetBox="[262,1318,730,1490]" targetPageId="3">
|
||
<paragraph id="8C7236E30434FFF5FF1AFA379A7B1100" blockId="3.[151,1435,1515,1568]" pageId="3" pageNumber="543">
|
||
<emphasis id="BEB9EAF10434FFF5FF1AFA379E2A1120" bold="true" box="[151,271,1515,1537]" pageId="3" pageNumber="543">FIGURE 1</emphasis>
|
||
. Specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4BCD4D600434FFF5FE3DFA379DB11121" box="[432,660,1515,1537]" class="Amphibia" family="Cycloramphidae" genus="Alsodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="543" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cantillanensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="BEB9EAF10434FFF5FE3DFA379DB11121" box="[432,660,1515,1537]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="543">Alsodes cantillanensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A58A578A0434FFF5FD11FA309DC81121" box="[668,749,1516,1537]" pageId="3" pageNumber="543" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="BEB9EAF10434FFF5FD70FA379C2A1120" bold="true" box="[765,783,1515,1536]" pageId="3" pageNumber="543">A</emphasis>
|
||
, holotype, SSUC-Am-168) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4BCD4D600434FFF5FBD2FA309BF51121" box="[1119,1232,1515,1537]" class="Amphibia" family="Cycloramphidae" genus="Alsodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="543" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nodosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BEB9EAF10434FFF5FBD2FA309BF51121" box="[1119,1232,1515,1537]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="543">A. nodosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="BEB9EAF10434FFF5FB6CFA309BD71121" bold="true" box="[1249,1266,1516,1537]" pageId="3" pageNumber="543">B</emphasis>
|
||
, adult male, not captured) from Quebrada Infiernillo.
|
||
<emphasis id="BEB9EAF10434FFF5FD9DF9D69D071100" bold="true" box="[528,546,1546,1568]" pageId="3" pageNumber="543">C</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="BEB9EAF10434FFF5FDD9F9D69D43113F" bold="true" box="[596,614,1546,1567]" pageId="3" pageNumber="543">D</emphasis>
|
||
show details of the irises of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4BCD4D600434FFF5FC05F9D79B141100" box="[904,1073,1546,1568]" class="Amphibia" family="Cycloramphidae" genus="Alsodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="543" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cantillanensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="BEB9EAF10434FFF5FC05F9D79B141100" box="[904,1073,1546,1568]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="543">A. cantillanensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4BCD4D600434FFF5FBEFF9D79BF41100" box="[1122,1233,1546,1568]" class="Amphibia" family="Cycloramphidae" genus="Alsodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="543" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nodosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BEB9EAF10434FFF5FBEFF9D79BF41100" box="[1122,1233,1546,1568]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="543">A. nodosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, respectively.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C4D765680434FFF5FF4AF9BA9A3C1183" pageId="3" pageNumber="543" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8C7236E30434FFF5FF4AF9BA9A3C1183" blockId="3.[151,1437,1638,2023]" pageId="3" pageNumber="543">
|
||
<emphasis id="BEB9EAF10434FFF5FF4AF9BA9E6B115F" bold="true" box="[199,334,1638,1663]" pageId="3" pageNumber="543">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
The specific name of the new taxon is the genitive Latin form of Cantillana, part of the name (Altos de Cantillana) of a mountain system with foothills covered by forests close to Santiago (
|
||
<quantity id="4B359B060434FFF5FB4DF9569A291183" box="[1216,1292,1674,1699]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" pageId="3" pageNumber="543" unit="km" value="65.0">65 km</quantity>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C4D765680434FFF5FF4AF9729CF810BF" pageId="3" pageNumber="543" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8C7236E30434FFF5FF4AF9729CF810BF" blockId="3.[151,1437,1638,2023]" pageId="3" pageNumber="543">
|
||
<emphasis id="BEB9EAF10434FFF5FF4AF9729E1E11E7" bold="true" box="[199,315,1710,1735]" pageId="3" pageNumber="543">Variation.</emphasis>
|
||
Outside of the obvious differences due to the sex of the specimens of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="537688410434FFF5FB11F9739BE911E7" box="[1180,1228,1711,1735]" pageId="3" pageNumber="543">type</typeStatus>
|
||
series (patches of spines on the chest and arms thicker in the male), the most remarkable difference between them is the dorsum background coloration: the
|
||
<typeStatus id="537688410434FFF5FE42F92A9D14102F" box="[463,561,1782,1807]" pageId="3" pageNumber="543" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
is ochre, with a lighter triangle on the head, and the
|
||
<typeStatus id="537688410434FFF5FB01F92B9BC9102F" box="[1164,1260,1783,1807]" pageId="3" pageNumber="543" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
is orange, with the triangle reddish-orange. The
|
||
<typeStatus id="537688410434FFF5FD98F8C69D521013" box="[533,631,1818,1843]" pageId="3" pageNumber="543" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
and other individuals observed in the
|
||
<typeStatus id="537688410434FFF5FBCDF8C79B551013" box="[1088,1136,1819,1843]" pageId="3" pageNumber="543">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality and in Quebrada Lisboa (see below) had a thin yellow vertebral line in the posterior part of the dorsum. These individuals exhibited an overall ochre coloration, but with different tones. Measurements of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="537688410434FFF5FC65F8BF9B6D105B" box="[1000,1096,1891,1915]" pageId="3" pageNumber="543" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
(in mm) are, SVL: 44.2; HL: 14.9; HW: 18.7; IOD: 5.3; ID: 4.7; EL: 6.4; ThL: 24.6; TL: 25.3; FL: 39.6.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C4D765680434FFF3FF4AF8769BEE1538" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="545" pageId="3" pageNumber="543" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8C7236E30434FFF2FF4AF8769A29168D" blockId="3.[151,1437,1638,2023]" lastBlockId="4.[151,1437,151,429]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="544" pageId="3" pageNumber="543">
|
||
<emphasis id="BEB9EAF10434FFF5FF4AF8769D6A10E3" bold="true" box="[199,591,1962,1987]" pageId="3" pageNumber="543">Distribution and natural history.</emphasis>
|
||
The new species is only known from the
|
||
<typeStatus id="537688410434FFF5FBAAF8779B7210E3" box="[1063,1111,1963,1987]" pageId="3" pageNumber="543">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality and one nearby site, Quebrada Lisboa (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="E9F950240434FFF5FEE8F8129D2710C7" box="[357,514,1998,2023]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="543" precision="1" value="-33.926003">33°55’33.6”S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="E9F950240434FFF5FD80F8129D9410C7" box="[525,689,1998,2023]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="543" precision="1" value="-71.01814">71°01’05.3”W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4B359B060434FFF5FD31F8139C2610C6" box="[700,771,1999,2023]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.29" pageId="3" pageNumber="543" unit="m" value="729.0">729 m</quantity>
|
||
a.s.l), both within the Natural Sanctuary San Juan de Piche, in the western slopes of the Altos de Cantillana mountains (
|
||
<figureCitation id="14F62A660433FFF2FCA1FF4B9C4A1790" box="[812,879,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1788,1810]" captionTargetBox="[178,1395,621,1742]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[162,1407,607,1756]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Localities of Alsodes and Eupsophus (outgroup) samples included in the phylogenetic analyses. Circles indicate localities of all species of Alsodes, except for those of A. nodosus (squares, right map). The map of the right inferior corner shows the area of Altos de Cantillana mountains where the type locality (red star) and the other known site of A. cantillanensis sp. nov. are located." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/238375/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="544">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
). Altos de Cantillana mountains have a maximum height of
|
||
<quantity id="4B359B060433FFF2FE8EFF609E7D17F4" box="[259,344,188,212]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2809999999999997" pageId="4" pageNumber="544" unit="m" value="2281.0">2281 m</quantity>
|
||
a.s.l. and are located in an area with Mediterranean climate that has less than
|
||
<quantity id="4B359B060433FFF2FB4EFF609A0517F4" box="[1219,1312,188,213]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="544" unit="mm" value="600.0">600 mm</quantity>
|
||
of rain per year and an average temperature of 10.7°C (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E85C4B120433FFF2FD0EFF3C9C2D17D8" author="Costa" box="[643,776,224,248]" pageId="4" pageNumber="544" refString="Costa, D. (2002) Determinacion de Unidades Territoriales Sensibles como base para una propuesta de Ordenamiento Territorial: sitio prioritario Altos de Cantillana y Laguna de Aculeo, R. M. Document for obtaining the academic degree of Bachelor in Geology, Instituto de Geografia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile. [unkown total page number]" type="book" year="2002">Costa 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4BCD4D600433FFF2FC97FF3C9B3617D8" box="[794,1043,224,248]" class="Amphibia" family="Cycloramphidae" genus="Alsodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="544" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cantillanensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="BEB9EAF10433FFF2FC97FF3C9B3617D8" box="[794,1043,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="544">Alsodes cantillanensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
inhabits mixed old grown forest of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4BCD4D600433FFF2FF1AFED89E8F163C" box="[151,426,260,284]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Nothofagaceae" genus="Nothofagus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="4" pageNumber="544" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="macrocarpa">
|
||
<emphasis id="BEB9EAF10433FFF2FF1AFED89E8F163C" box="[151,426,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="544">Nothofagus macrocarpa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4BCD4D600433FFF2FE36FED99DFA163C" authority="Mirtacea" authorityName="Mirtacea" box="[443,735,261,284]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Magnoliaceae" genus="Drymis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="4" pageNumber="544" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="winteri">
|
||
<emphasis id="BEB9EAF10433FFF2FE36FED99D43163C" box="[443,614,261,284]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="544">Drymis winteri</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="BEB9EAF10433FFF2FDF5FED99DFA163C" box="[632,735,261,284]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="544">Mirtacea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp., and vains of the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4BCD4D600433FFF2FBA7FED99BAC163C" box="[1066,1161,261,284]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Proustia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="4" pageNumber="544" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BEB9EAF10433FFF2FBA7FED99BAC163C" box="[1066,1161,261,284]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="544">Proustia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Specimens of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="537688410433FFF2FAE1FED99AB9163D" box="[1388,1436,261,285]" pageId="4" pageNumber="544">type</typeStatus>
|
||
series were found under rocks under the water during spring in the morning. Others (not collected) were found under a thick cover of litter fall near the stream (
|
||
<quantity id="4B359B060433FFF2FD48FE909C2A1644" box="[709,783,332,356]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="544" unit="cm" value="30.0">30 cm</quantity>
|
||
) and under logs close to the water. Additional specimens were observed at night walking along the stream of Quebrada Lisboa. In the creek at the
|
||
<typeStatus id="537688410433FFF2FB5AFEAC9A2216A8" box="[1239,1287,368,392]" pageId="4" pageNumber="544">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality, the amphibians
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4BCD4D600433FFF2FE92FE489EFC168C" box="[287,473,404,428]" class="Amphibia" family="Cycloramphidae" genus="Alsodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="544" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nodosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BEB9EAF10433FFF2FE92FE489EFC168C" box="[287,473,404,428]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="544">Alsodes nodosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(“sapo arriero”) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4BCD4D600433FFF2FD4BFE489CAB168C" box="[710,910,404,428]" class="Amphibia" family="Leiuperidae" genus="Pleurodema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="544" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="thaul">
|
||
<emphasis id="BEB9EAF10433FFF2FD4BFE489CAB168C" box="[710,910,404,428]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="544">Pleurodema thaul</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(four-eyed frog) also were found.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="D8B2666B0433FFF2FF1AFA8C9D0B12E2" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/238374/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="544" targetBox="[224,1358,493,1330]" targetPageId="4">
|
||
<paragraph id="8C7236E30433FFF2FF1AFA8C9D0B12E2" blockId="4.[151,1436,1360,1474]" pageId="4" pageNumber="544">
|
||
<emphasis id="BEB9EAF10433FFF2FF1AFA8C9E2B1245" bold="true" box="[151,270,1360,1382]" pageId="4" pageNumber="544">FIGURE 2</emphasis>
|
||
. Morphological details of the holotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4BCD4D600433FFF2FD4FFA8C9C801246" box="[706,933,1360,1382]" class="Amphibia" family="Cycloramphidae" genus="Alsodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="544" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cantillanensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="BEB9EAF10433FFF2FD4FFA8C9C801246" box="[706,933,1360,1382]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="544">Alsodes cantillanensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A58A578A0433FFF2FC21FA8D9CD91246" box="[940,1020,1361,1382]" pageId="4" pageNumber="544" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
(SSUC-Am-168).
|
||
<emphasis id="BEB9EAF10433FFF2FB30FA8C9BEA1245" bold="true" box="[1213,1231,1360,1381]" pageId="4" pageNumber="544">A</emphasis>
|
||
. Dorsal view of the head.
|
||
<emphasis id="BEB9EAF10433FFF2FF59FAB39FC012A4" bold="true" box="[212,229,1391,1412]" pageId="4" pageNumber="544">B</emphasis>
|
||
. Ventral view of the head. Note the spines patches on the chest.
|
||
<emphasis id="BEB9EAF10433FFF2FCF9FAB39CA312A5" bold="true" box="[884,902,1391,1413]" pageId="4" pageNumber="544">C</emphasis>
|
||
. Lateral view of the head.
|
||
<emphasis id="BEB9EAF10433FFF2FB1AFAB39B8C12A4" bold="true" box="[1175,1193,1391,1412]" pageId="4" pageNumber="544">D</emphasis>
|
||
. Dorsal view of the left hand. Note the nuptial pads on fingers one and two, formed by small whitish spines.
|
||
<emphasis id="BEB9EAF10433FFF2FC63FA529CDA1283" bold="true" box="[1006,1023,1422,1443]" pageId="4" pageNumber="544">E</emphasis>
|
||
. Ventral view of the left hand.
|
||
<emphasis id="BEB9EAF10433FFF2FAB4FA529A631283" bold="true" box="[1337,1350,1422,1443]" pageId="4" pageNumber="544">F</emphasis>
|
||
. Ventral view of the right foot. Bars equal 5 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8C7236E30433FFF3FF4AFA369BEE1538" blockId="4.[151,1437,1514,2007]" lastBlockId="5.[151,1436,151,536]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="545" pageId="4" pageNumber="544">
|
||
<emphasis id="BEB9EAF10433FFF2FF4AFA369DDE1123" bold="true" box="[199,763,1514,1539]" pageId="4" pageNumber="544">Molecular data and phylogenetic relationships</emphasis>
|
||
. The combined alignment of the four fragments had 3024 nucleotide sites in length (318 of cytb, 1999 of the fragment 12S-16S, 310 of rhod, and 397 of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F4DA76730433FFF2FB52F9D29A001106" box="[1247,1317,1550,1574]" name="China" pageId="4" pageNumber="544">SINA</collectingCountry>
|
||
). Only the fragment 12S-16S showed gaps (36 sites, including the outgroup). MP analysis including the sites with gaps was based on 359 parsimony-informative characters. Thirteen most parsimonious trees were found, with a length of 878 steps, which differ only in the relative position of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4BCD4D600433FFF2FD49F9A69C1911B2" box="[708,828,1658,1682]" class="Amphibia" family="Cycloramphidae" genus="Alsodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="544" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gargola">
|
||
<emphasis id="BEB9EAF10433FFF2FD49F9A69C1911B2" box="[708,828,1658,1682]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="544">A. gargola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4BCD4D600433FFF2FCC4F9A69C9411B2" box="[841,945,1658,1682]" class="Amphibia" family="Cycloramphidae" genus="Alsodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="544" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="igneus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BEB9EAF10433FFF2FCC4F9A69C9411B2" box="[841,945,1658,1682]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="544">A. igneus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4BCD4D600433FFF2FC32F9A69B7F11B2" box="[959,1114,1658,1682]" class="Amphibia" family="Cycloramphidae" genus="Alsodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="544" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="neuquensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="BEB9EAF10433FFF2FC32F9A69B7F11B2" box="[959,1114,1658,1682]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="544">A. neuquensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4BCD4D600433FFF2FBE5F9A69BED11B2" box="[1128,1224,1658,1682]" class="Amphibia" family="Cycloramphidae" genus="Alsodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="544" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="norae">
|
||
<emphasis id="BEB9EAF10433FFF2FBE5F9A69BED11B2" box="[1128,1224,1658,1682]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="544">A. norae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4BCD4D600433FFF2FA88F9A69AB911B2" box="[1285,1436,1658,1682]" class="Amphibia" family="Cycloramphidae" genus="Alsodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="544" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pehuenche">
|
||
<emphasis id="BEB9EAF10433FFF2FA88F9A69AB911B2" box="[1285,1436,1658,1682]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="544">A. pehuenche</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(data not shown; see consensus tree in Fig. S1). MP analysis treating gaps as missing also produced 13 trees (829 steps, 339 parsimony-informative characters) differing only in the relative position of the same taxa (data not shown). Regarding the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F4DA76730433FFF2FE25F93B9EE211DE" box="[424,455,1767,1790]" name="Belgium" pageId="4" pageNumber="544">BI</collectingCountry>
|
||
, the post burn-in mean ln-likelihood values of the two independent analyses were - 8296.26 and -8297.08. Convergence and mixing of chains were achieved according to ASDSF (<0.002), ESS (> 200), and PSRF (0.9999–1.0001) values. Results of these analyses are shown as the 50% majority-rule consensus tree (
|
||
<figureCitation id="14F62A660433FFF2FF42F88E9E36104A" box="[207,275,1874,1899]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1278,1300]" captionTargetBox="[178,1411,179,1252]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[170,1417,175,1257]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Bayesian inference consensus tree (50 % majority-rule) showing the position of the new species, Alsodes cantillanensis (in bold), within the genus. Numbers next to the nodes, separated by slashes, correspond to bootstrap values of maximum parsimony analysis, treating gaps as a fifth state, and posterior probability of Bayesian inference, respectively." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/238376/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="544">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
), where bootstrap values of MP analysis including sites with gaps were added. Topologies of MP and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F4DA76730433FFF2FA0DF88F9AB9104A" box="[1408,1436,1875,1898]" name="Belgium" pageId="4" pageNumber="544">BI</collectingCountry>
|
||
analyses were highly congruent, showing two main clades for the genus with high statistical support (
|
||
<figureCitation id="14F62A660433FFF2FB72F8A99A6610AE" box="[1279,1347,1909,1934]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1278,1300]" captionTargetBox="[178,1411,179,1252]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[170,1417,175,1257]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Bayesian inference consensus tree (50 % majority-rule) showing the position of the new species, Alsodes cantillanensis (in bold), within the genus. Numbers next to the nodes, separated by slashes, correspond to bootstrap values of maximum parsimony analysis, treating gaps as a fifth state, and posterior probability of Bayesian inference, respectively." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/238376/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="544">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
), which agrees with the hypothesis of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E85C4B120433FFF2FE6AF8469DE71092" box="[487,706,1946,1971]" pageId="4" pageNumber="544" refString="Blotto, B. L., Nunez, J. J., Basso, N. G., Ubeda, C. A., Wheeler, W. C. & Faivovich, J. (2013) Phylogenetic relationships of a Patagonian frog radiation, the Alsodes + Eupsophus clade (Anura: Alsodidae), with comments on the supposed paraphyly of Eupsophus. Cladistics, 29, 113 - 131. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 0031.2012.00417. x" type="journal article">
|
||
Blotto
|
||
<emphasis id="BEB9EAF10433FFF2FDB9F8479D481092" box="[564,621,1946,1970]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="544">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2013)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. One clade is comprised by
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4BCD4D600433FFF2FB8DF8469B591092" box="[1024,1148,1946,1970]" class="Amphibia" family="Cycloramphidae" genus="Alsodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="544" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nodosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BEB9EAF10433FFF2FB8DF8469B591092" box="[1024,1148,1946,1970]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="544">A. nodosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4BCD4D600433FFF2FB07F8469A601092" box="[1162,1349,1946,1970]" class="Amphibia" family="Cycloramphidae" genus="Alsodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="544" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cantillanensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="BEB9EAF10433FFF2FB07F8469A601092" box="[1162,1349,1946,1970]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="544">A. cantillanensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4BCD4D600433FFF2FA09F8469E2010F6" class="Amphibia" family="Cycloramphidae" genus="Alsodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="544" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vanzolinii">
|
||
<emphasis id="BEB9EAF10433FFF2FA09F8469E2010F6" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="544">A. vanzolinii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, including the specimen identified a priori as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4BCD4D600433FFF2FCA4F8639CC710F6" box="[809,994,1982,2007]" class="Amphibia" family="Cycloramphidae" genus="Alsodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="544" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vanzolinii">
|
||
<emphasis id="BEB9EAF10433FFF2FCA4F8639C6410F6" box="[809,833,1983,2006]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="544">A.</emphasis>
|
||
cf.
|
||
<emphasis id="BEB9EAF10433FFF2FCF9F8629CC710F6" box="[884,994,1982,2006]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="544">vanzolinii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and the other by the rest of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4BCD4D600433FFF2FAC8F8629AB910F6" box="[1349,1436,1982,2006]" class="Amphibia" family="Cycloramphidae" genus="Alsodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="544" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BEB9EAF10433FFF2FAC8F8629AB910F6" box="[1349,1436,1982,2006]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="544">Alsodes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species. Within this main clade, two groups can be recognized also with high MP bootstrap support and Bayesian posterior probability: one comprised by all samples of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4BCD4D600432FFF3FC83FF609CAE17F4" box="[782,907,188,212]" class="Amphibia" family="Cycloramphidae" genus="Alsodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="545" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nodosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BEB9EAF10432FFF3FC83FF609CAE17F4" box="[782,907,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="545">A. nodosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(including one specimen from Pemehue, here labeled as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4BCD4D600432FFF3FE9FFF3C9E9A17D8" box="[274,447,223,248]" class="Amphibia" family="Cycloramphidae" genus="Alsodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="545" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nodosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BEB9EAF10432FFF3FE9FFF3C9E0E17D7" box="[274,299,224,247]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="545">A.</emphasis>
|
||
aff.
|
||
<emphasis id="BEB9EAF10432FFF3FEEEFF3C9E9A17D8" box="[355,447,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="545">nodosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, a candidate species according to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E85C4B120432FFF3FCC1FF039B3F17D8" author="Blotto" box="[844,1050,223,248]" pageId="5" pageNumber="545" refString="Blotto, B. L., Nunez, J. J., Basso, N. G., Ubeda, C. A., Wheeler, W. C. & Faivovich, J. (2013) Phylogenetic relationships of a Patagonian frog radiation, the Alsodes + Eupsophus clade (Anura: Alsodidae), with comments on the supposed paraphyly of Eupsophus. Cladistics, 29, 113 - 131. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 0031.2012.00417. x" type="journal article" year="2013">
|
||
Blotto
|
||
<emphasis id="BEB9EAF10432FFF3FC11FF3D9CF217D8" box="[924,983,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="545">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2013
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and the two samples of the new species, and the other by the specimen of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4BCD4D600432FFF3FDFFFED89C25163C" box="[626,768,260,284]" class="Amphibia" family="Cycloramphidae" genus="Alsodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="545" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vanzolinii">
|
||
<emphasis id="BEB9EAF10432FFF3FDFFFED89C25163C" box="[626,768,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="545">A. vanzolinii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Ramadillas (
|
||
<typeStatus id="537688410432FFF3FC59FED89B23163C" box="[980,1030,260,284]" pageId="5" pageNumber="545">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality) and the specimen of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4BCD4D600432FFF3FAD2FED89E201660" class="Amphibia" family="Cycloramphidae" genus="Alsodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="545" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vanzolinii">
|
||
<emphasis id="BEB9EAF10432FFF3FAD2FED89A52163B" box="[1375,1399,260,283]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="545">A.</emphasis>
|
||
cf.
|
||
<emphasis id="BEB9EAF10432FFF3FF1AFEF49E201660" box="[151,261,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="545">vanzolinii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from R.N. Los Queules. Within the second main clade, the group comprised by
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4BCD4D600432FFF3FB5EFEF49A55161F" box="[1235,1392,296,319]" class="Amphibia" family="Cycloramphidae" genus="Alsodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="545" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="coppingeri">
|
||
<emphasis id="BEB9EAF10432FFF3FB5EFEF49A55161F" box="[1235,1392,296,319]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="545">A. coppingeri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4BCD4D600432FFF3FA09FEF49E3E1644" class="Amphibia" family="Cycloramphidae" genus="Alsodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="545" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="valdiviensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="BEB9EAF10432FFF3FA09FEF49E3E1644" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="545">A. valdiviensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4BCD4D600432FFF3FEEFFE909D241644" box="[354,513,332,356]" class="Amphibia" family="Cycloramphidae" genus="Alsodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="545" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="verrucosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BEB9EAF10432FFF3FEEFFE909D241644" box="[354,513,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="545">A. verrucosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
diverges first, followed successively by
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4BCD4D600432FFF3FC6AFE909B6E1644" box="[999,1099,332,356]" class="Amphibia" family="Cycloramphidae" genus="Alsodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="545" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hugoi">
|
||
<emphasis id="BEB9EAF10432FFF3FC6AFE909B6E1644" box="[999,1099,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="545">A. hugoi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
plus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4BCD4D600432FFF3FB1CFE909A191644" box="[1169,1340,332,356]" class="Amphibia" family="Cycloramphidae" genus="Alsodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="545" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tumultuosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BEB9EAF10432FFF3FB1CFE909A191644" box="[1169,1340,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="545">A. tumultuosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4BCD4D600432FFF3FA09FE909FC316A8" class="Amphibia" family="Cycloramphidae" genus="Alsodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="545" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="barrioi">
|
||
<emphasis id="BEB9EAF10432FFF3FA09FE909FC316A8" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="545">A. barrioi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="14F62A660432FFF3FF74FEB39E6416A8" box="[249,321,367,392]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1278,1300]" captionTargetBox="[178,1411,179,1252]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[170,1417,175,1257]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Bayesian inference consensus tree (50 % majority-rule) showing the position of the new species, Alsodes cantillanensis (in bold), within the genus. Numbers next to the nodes, separated by slashes, correspond to bootstrap values of maximum parsimony analysis, treating gaps as a fifth state, and posterior probability of Bayesian inference, respectively." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/238376/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="545">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
). The rest of species,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4BCD4D600432FFF3FDC9FEAC9D9B16A8" box="[580,702,368,392]" class="Amphibia" family="Cycloramphidae" genus="Alsodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="545" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gargola">
|
||
<emphasis id="BEB9EAF10432FFF3FDC9FEAC9D9B16A8" box="[580,702,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="545">A. gargola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4BCD4D600432FFF3FD5DFEAC9C1E16A7" box="[720,827,368,391]" class="Amphibia" family="Cycloramphidae" genus="Alsodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="545" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="igneus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BEB9EAF10432FFF3FD5DFEAC9C1E16A7" box="[720,827,368,391]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="545">A. igneus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4BCD4D600432FFF3FCC1FEAC9CCE16A7" box="[844,1003,368,391]" class="Amphibia" family="Cycloramphidae" genus="Alsodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="545" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="neuquensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="BEB9EAF10432FFF3FCC1FEAC9CCE16A7" box="[844,1003,368,391]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="545">A. neuquensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4BCD4D600432FFF3FC71FEAC9B7A16A8" box="[1020,1119,368,392]" class="Amphibia" family="Cycloramphidae" genus="Alsodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="545" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="norae">
|
||
<emphasis id="BEB9EAF10432FFF3FC71FEAC9B7A16A8" box="[1020,1119,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="545">A. norae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4BCD4D600432FFF3FB29FEAC9A1816A8" box="[1188,1341,368,392]" class="Amphibia" family="Cycloramphidae" genus="Alsodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="545" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pehuenche">
|
||
<emphasis id="BEB9EAF10432FFF3FB29FEAC9A1816A8" box="[1188,1341,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="545">A. pehuenche</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, form a politomy in the consensus tree. In summary, MP and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F4DA76730432FFF3FD7BFE499C37168C" box="[758,786,405,428]" name="Belgium" pageId="5" pageNumber="545">BI</collectingCountry>
|
||
analyses show that all samples of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4BCD4D600432FFF3FB11FE489A3D168C" box="[1180,1304,404,428]" class="Amphibia" family="Cycloramphidae" genus="Alsodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="545" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nodosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BEB9EAF10432FFF3FB11FE489A3D168C" box="[1180,1304,404,428]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="545">A. nodosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group with high support values and constitutes the sister group of the new species, ratifying the morphological distinction between both taxa (
|
||
<figureCitation id="14F62A660432FFF3FE06FE009EF016D4" box="[395,469,476,501]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1515,1537]" captionTargetBox="[262,1318,730,1490]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[262,1318,730,1491]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Specimens of Alsodes cantillanensis sp. nov. (A, holotype, SSUC-Am- 168) and A. nodosus (B, adult male, not captured) from Quebrada Infiernillo. C and D show details of the irises of A. cantillanensis and A. nodosus, respectively." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/238373/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="545">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
). However, the more compelling evidence to support the specific status of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4BCD4D600432FFF3FA09FE009E161538" class="Amphibia" family="Cycloramphidae" genus="Alsodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="545" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cantillanensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="BEB9EAF10432FFF3FA09FE009E161538" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="545">A. cantillanensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is that is sympatric and clearly diagnosable of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4BCD4D600432FFF3FCCCFDDC9C991538" box="[833,956,512,536]" class="Amphibia" family="Cycloramphidae" genus="Alsodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="545" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nodosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BEB9EAF10432FFF3FCCCFDDC9C991538" box="[833,956,512,536]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="545">A. nodosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
at Quebrada Infiernillo.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |