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<document id="AEA1E9D85FCB9A823CF6CD4F5CC88575" ID-CLB-Dataset="154476" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5190.2.3" ID-GBIF-Dataset="bf80b52c-9465-44a3-a616-567f71418e3c" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7120201" ID-ZooBank="F5B7642B-1EB8-41BB-BA51-BB5919EFA907" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1664372590991" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Pyron, R. Alexander &amp; Beamer, David A." docDate="2022" docId="039087A5C5183F4EC4BA1EC072920E26" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5190.2.3.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5190 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Desmognathus balsameus Pyron &amp; Beamer 2022, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="226" masterDocId="FFA9FFDDC50A3F5DC42D1C4171160B2B" masterDocTitle="Systematics of the Ocoee Salamander (Plethodontidae: Desmognathus ocoee), with description of two new species from the southern Blue Ridge Mountains" masterLastPageNumber="240" masterPageNumber="207" pageNumber="225" updateTime="1699384892868" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
<mods:mods id="1B4BCDBB6D8FAC5EF0DA70CE09E6CEAA" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="415AF08BA22F0E979217A1B0842DCD2A">
<mods:title id="0F621A986AFB95CD99945CB3E6ABB9A8">Systematics of the Ocoee Salamander (Plethodontidae: Desmognathus ocoee), with description of two new species from the southern Blue Ridge Mountains</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="5900D5621B2A9BCC11E33E8E55FE3251" type="personal">
<mods:role id="B76D70C88BC338D979A5E7713C5BA14F">
<mods:roleTerm id="7A968CB00FD57A6EDEA1B44D8289405A">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="504362817CA305AFBAFDD494CD0D39B8">Pyron, R. Alexander</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="C1FB0D20495FD6BEBF840AC5283D4064" type="ORCID">0000-0003-2524-1794</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="40C98742EA35095D70083320722CA876">Department of Biological Sciences, The George Washington University, 2029 G St. NW, Washington, DC 20052 rpyron @ colubroid. org; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 2524 - 1794 &amp; Division of Amphibians and Reptiles, Department of Vertebrate Zoology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20560</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="9404792072C7FA853959E15FFDA96001" type="email">rpyron@colubroid.org</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="26AF37FF3C619DDC725F034C5DB1280D" type="personal">
<mods:role id="DD2E8B13C48395378C497B87051C145B">
<mods:roleTerm id="D351E29C3882738F8FE114E36A67A811">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="A0F6AF5A2B699810E87F042AABCEDC92">Beamer, David A.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="89C571B5C353393667266B284436FF03" type="ORCID">0000-0003-0796-274X</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="4ACEE92543E48B1A5AB7F54F3D859854">Department of Natural Science, Nash Community College, 522 N. Old Carriage Road, Rocky Mount, NC 27804 dabeamer 973 @ nashcc. edu; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 0796 - 274 X &amp; Amphibian Foundation, 4055 Roswell Rd NE, Atlanta, Georgia 30342</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="0F0085C83BA667579462B35B716C82D7" type="email">dabeamer973@nashcc.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="71C2DF28C267803831A9D0BFD5C5E79C">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="5D2E7CA826DAF4170FA49ACA860A1D3B" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="FFB4AD1622250913DD5E96C4378148B2">
<mods:title id="0B1F844B2812F48BDD78117A0A203087">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="ED4556F7B30ED5088965A7F93452E956">
<mods:date id="B8E335E47B36707B72F4C664DC19E269">2022</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="0360FB55600FDC02F2F3FF328C2E6022" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="1285765A6CB6ED976E246A401821A13B">2022-09-28</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="53632131C6993B513BDAF0756EA6C326" type="volume">
<mods:number id="39EA990D8711772883DB85F0CD7EF91C">5190</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="56F8BEDD78662967BB76DA0606ACD0A8" type="issue">
<mods:number id="A8D901F26F1C2729C3E7F1720AF70DAC">2</mods:number>
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<mods:end id="8550C60F84B7C8CBE655AF46041789A8">240</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:classification id="58D9F8F5B871D4DA071B79558A45347B">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="8A2BA5A11BEBDC085A57455119354CD8" type="CLB-Dataset">154476</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="DCECCF69687A5A7B64218C188CDD3154" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5190.2.3</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="5BE75488332D9A27B98D790BB4718AEE" type="GBIF-Dataset">bf80b52c-9465-44a3-a616-567f71418e3c</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="CB928C3F13A082D8145C7D6A22FC0482" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="AC530EC999BA41472060A283BFF22A57" type="Zenodo-Dep">7120201</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="2716FC5E459E4B27434EABA2EE462C5A" type="ZooBank">F5B7642B-1EB8-41BB-BA51-BB5919EFA907</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="039087A5C5183F4EC4BA1EC072920E26" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7120195" ID-GBIF-Taxon="201137888" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7120195" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039087A5C5183F4EC4BA1EC072920E26" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/039087A5C5183F4EC4BA1EC072920E26" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="226" pageId="18" pageNumber="225">
<subSubSection id="C3236538C5183F4FC4BA1EC0732109B0" box="[151,567,641,668]" pageId="18" pageNumber="225" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B8636B3C5183F4FC4BA1EC0732109B0" blockId="18.[151,567,641,668]" box="[151,567,641,668]" pageId="18" pageNumber="225">
<heading id="D0CE81DFC5183F4FC4BA1EC0732109B0" bold="true" box="[151,567,641,668]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="18" pageNumber="225" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B94DEAA1C5183F4FC4BA1EC0732109B0" bold="true" box="[151,567,641,668]" pageId="18" pageNumber="225">
<taxonomicName id="4C394D30C5183F4FC4BA1EC070C409B7" authority="Pyron &amp; Beamer, 2022" authorityName="Pyron &amp; Beamer" authorityYear="2022" box="[151,466,641,668]" class="Amphibia" family="Plethodontidae" genus="Desmognathus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="18" pageNumber="225" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="balsameus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B94DEAA1C5183F4FC4BA1EC070C409B7" bold="true" box="[151,466,641,668]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="225">Desmognathus balsameus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27E57DAC5183F4FC5F71EC0732109B0" box="[474,567,641,667]" pageId="18" pageNumber="225" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3236538C5183F4FC4BA1E8270E90CDD" pageId="18" pageNumber="225" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B8636B3C5183F4FC4BA1E8272D3082A" blockId="18.[151,1436,706,769]" pageId="18" pageNumber="225">
<materialsCitation id="3B513CEEC5183F4FC4BA1E8272D3082A" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3914274304" collectingDate="2019-04-12" collectionCode="AMNH, RAP, NC" elevation="1530" latitude="35.308" location="Bubbling Spring Branch" longLatPrecision="71" longitude="-82.908" municipality="Mount Hardy Gap" pageId="18" pageNumber="225" specimenCode="RAP0650" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="B94DEAA1C5183F4FC4BA1E82701B09F6" bold="true" box="[151,269,707,733]" pageId="18" pageNumber="225">
<typeStatus id="54828811C5183F4FC4BA1E82701E09F6" box="[151,264,707,733]" pageId="18" pageNumber="225" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
:
</emphasis>
<collectionCode id="ED28AE76C5183F4FC5391E82707C09F6" box="[276,362,707,733]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" name="American Museum of Natural History" pageId="18" pageNumber="225">AMNH</collectionCode>
A-193885 (
<specimenCode id="DB9F9EC8C5183F4FC5DD1E83737209F6" box="[496,612,706,733]" collectionCode="RAP" pageId="18" pageNumber="225">RAP0650</specimenCode>
;
<figureCitation id="13022A36C5183F4FC65D1E8273D409F6" box="[624,706,707,733]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="18.[151,250,1761,1785]" captionTargetBox="[152,1435,793,1721]" captionTargetId="figure-217@18.[151,1435,793,1738]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 16. The holotype (AMNH A-193885/RAP0650) of Desmognathus balsameus from Bubbling Spring Branch (NC: Haywood), ~1530m ASL. This adult specimen (43mm SVL) has a relatively dull dorsal color-pattern partially obscured by ontogenetic darkening, common in this species. Photos by RAP." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7120245" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7120245/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="225">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
), collected
<date id="FF871073C5183F4FC7681E8272F409F6" box="[837,994,707,733]" pageId="18" pageNumber="225" value="2019-04-12">
<collectingDate id="EFC3E99BC5183F4FC7681E8272F409F6" box="[837,994,707,733]" pageId="18" pageNumber="225" value="2019-04-12">12 April 2019</collectingDate>
</date>
by
<collectionCode id="ED28AE76C5183F4FC0231E82755509F6" box="[1038,1091,707,733]" pageId="18" pageNumber="225">RAP</collectionCode>
from
<location id="8EE66068C5183F4FC0A41E82748A09F6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039087A5C5183F4EC4BA1EC072920E26:8EE66068C5183F4FC0A41E82748A09F6" box="[1161,1436,707,733]" latitude="35.308" longLatPrecision="71" longitude="-82.908" municipality="Mount Hardy Gap" name="Bubbling Spring Branch" pageId="18" pageNumber="225">Bubbling Spring Branch</location>
near
<collectingMunicipality id="6BE2ACC9C5183F4FC4E31EA6708A082A" box="[206,412,743,769]" pageId="18" pageNumber="225">Mount Hardy Gap</collectingMunicipality>
(
<collectionCode id="ED28AE76C5183F4FC5861EA670C1082A" box="[427,471,743,769]" pageId="18" pageNumber="225">NC</collectionCode>
: Haywood;
<geoCoordinate id="EE0D5074C5183F4FC6701EA773BB082A" box="[605,685,742,769]" degrees="35.308" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="18" pageNumber="225" precision="55" value="35.308">35.308</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE0D5074C5183F4FC6951EA67207082A" box="[696,785,743,769]" degrees="82.908" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="18" pageNumber="225" precision="55" value="-82.908">-82.908</geoCoordinate>
, ~
<quantity id="4CC19B56C5183F4FC7061EA7726C082A" box="[811,890,742,769]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.53" pageId="18" pageNumber="225" unit="m" value="1530.0">
<elevation id="0014D180C5183F4FC7061EA7726C082A" box="[811,890,742,769]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.53" pageId="18" pageNumber="225" unit="m" value="1530.0">1530m</elevation>
</quantity>
ASL).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF46663BC5183F4FC4BA1AA072360C69" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7120245" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7120245" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7120245/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="225" startId="18.[151,250,1761,1785]" targetBox="[152,1435,793,1721]" targetPageId="18">
<paragraph id="8B8636B3C5183F4FC4BA1AA072360C69" blockId="18.[151,1437,1761,1858]" pageId="18" pageNumber="225">
<emphasis id="B94DEAA1C5183F4FC4BA1AA070340DD1" bold="true" box="[151,290,1761,1786]" pageId="18" pageNumber="225">FIGURE 16.</emphasis>
The holotype (AMNH A-193885/RAP0650) of
<taxonomicName id="4C394D30C5183F4FC7341AA375350DD1" authorityName="Pyron &amp; Beamer" authorityYear="2022" box="[793,1059,1762,1786]" class="Amphibia" family="Plethodontidae" genus="Desmognathus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="18" pageNumber="225" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="balsameus">
<emphasis id="B94DEAA1C5183F4FC7341AA375350DD1" box="[793,1059,1762,1786]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="225">Desmognathus balsameus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from Bubbling Spring Branch (NC: Haywood), ~1530m ASL. This adult specimen (43mm SVL) has a relatively dull dorsal color-pattern partially obscured by ontogenetic darkening, common in this species. Photos by RAP.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8B8636B3C5183F4FC4EA1B3170E90CDD" blockId="18.[151,1436,1904,2039]" pageId="18" pageNumber="225">
<materialsCitation id="3B513CEEC5183F4FC4EA1B3170B20CA1" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3914274306" box="[199,420,1904,1930]" collectionCode="AMNH" pageId="18" pageNumber="225" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="B94DEAA1C5183F4FC4EA1B31705E0CA1" bold="true" box="[199,328,1904,1930]" pageId="18" pageNumber="225">
<typeStatus id="54828811C5183F4FC4EA1B3170550CA1" box="[199,323,1904,1930]" pageId="18" pageNumber="225" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
:
</emphasis>
<collectionCode id="ED28AE76C5183F4FC5631B3170B20CA1" box="[334,420,1904,1930]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" name="American Museum of Natural History" pageId="18" pageNumber="225">AMNH</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B513CEEC5183F4FC5851B31755B0CA1" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3914274311" box="[424,1101,1904,1931]" collectionCode="RAP" pageId="18" pageNumber="225" specimenCode="RAP0649" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
A-193884 &amp; A-193886 (
<specimenCode id="DB9F9EC8C5183F4FC6951B31723E0CA1" box="[696,808,1904,1930]" collectionCode="RAP" pageId="18" pageNumber="225">RAP0649</specimenCode>
&amp; 0651), as from the type
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="3B513CEEC5183F4FC07B1B3174550CA1" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3914274313" box="[1110,1347,1904,1931]" collectionCode="MNHN" pageId="18" pageNumber="225" specimenCode="MNHN 2021.0115" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCode id="DB9F9EC8C5183F4FC07B1B3174310CA0" box="[1110,1319,1904,1931]" collectionCode="MNHN" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="18" pageNumber="225">MNHN 2021.0115</specimenCode>
&amp;
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B513CEEC5183F4FC1651B3172150C85" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3914274305" collectingDate="2019-04-12" collectionCode="BMNH, RAP" pageId="18" pageNumber="225" specimenCode="BMNH 2021.7526, RAP0644-5" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCode id="DB9F9EC8C5183F4FC1651B3170180C84" collectionCode="BMNH" pageId="18" pageNumber="225">BMNH 2021.7526</specimenCode>
(
<specimenCode id="DB9F9EC8C5183F4FC50C1BD570A70C84" box="[289,433,1940,1967]" collectionCode="RAP" pageId="18" pageNumber="225">RAP0644–5</specimenCode>
), collected
<date id="FF871073C5183F4FC6141BD573CA0C85" box="[569,732,1940,1966]" pageId="18" pageNumber="225" value="2019-04-12">
<collectingDate id="EFC3E99BC5183F4FC6141BD573CA0C85" box="[569,732,1940,1966]" pageId="18" pageNumber="225" value="2019-04-12">12 April 2019</collectingDate>
</date>
by
</materialsCitation>
<collectionCode id="ED28AE76C5183F4FC7221BD572520C85" box="[783,836,1940,1966]" pageId="18" pageNumber="225">RAP</collectionCode>
<materialsCitation id="3B513CEEC5183F4FC7621BD570240CF9" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3914274316" collectionCode="NC" elevation="1110" latitude="35.353" location="Green Ridge" longLatPrecision="71" longitude="-82.917" municipality="Haywood" pageId="18" pageNumber="225" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
on
<location id="8EE66068C5183F4FC75B1BD5751F0C85" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039087A5C5183F4EC4BA1EC072920E26:8EE66068C5183F4FC75B1BD5751F0C85" box="[886,1033,1940,1966]" latitude="35.353" longLatPrecision="71" longitude="-82.917" municipality="Haywood" name="Green Ridge" pageId="18" pageNumber="225">Green Ridge</location>
(
<collectionCode id="ED28AE76C5183F4FC0311BD5755E0C85" box="[1052,1096,1940,1966]" pageId="18" pageNumber="225">NC</collectionCode>
:
<collectingMunicipality id="6BE2ACC9C5183F4FC07A1BD575D10C85" box="[1111,1223,1940,1966]" pageId="18" pageNumber="225">Haywood</collectingMunicipality>
;
<geoCoordinate id="EE0D5074C5183F4FC0FB1BD574300C84" box="[1238,1318,1940,1967]" degrees="35.353" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="18" pageNumber="225" precision="55" value="35.353">35.353</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE0D5074C5183F4FC11B1BD574860C85" box="[1334,1424,1940,1966]" degrees="82.917" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="18" pageNumber="225" precision="55" value="-82.917">-82.917</geoCoordinate>
), ~
<quantity id="4CC19B56C5183F4FC4881BF971E40CF9" box="[165,242,1976,2002]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1099999999999999" pageId="18" pageNumber="225" unit="m" value="1110.0">
<elevation id="0014D180C5183F4FC4881BF971E40CF9" box="[165,242,1976,2002]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1099999999999999" pageId="18" pageNumber="225" unit="m" value="1110.0">1110m</elevation>
</quantity>
ASL
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="3B513CEEC5183F4FC5121BF972AF0CF9" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3914274312" box="[319,953,1976,2003]" collectingDate="2019-04-12" collectionCode="NCSM, RAP" pageId="18" pageNumber="225" specimenCode="NCSM 108355, RAP0647" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCode id="DB9F9EC8C5183F4FC5121BF970FD0CF8" box="[319,491,1976,2003]" collectionCode="NCSM" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/aasf-rm4s" name="North Carolina Museum of Natural Sciences" pageId="18" pageNumber="225" type="Museum">NCSM 108355</specimenCode>
(
<specimenCode id="DB9F9EC8C5183F4FC5D11BF973660CF9" box="[508,624,1976,2002]" collectionCode="RAP" pageId="18" pageNumber="225">RAP0647</specimenCode>
), collected
<date id="FF871073C5183F4FC6D91BF972820CF9" box="[756,916,1976,2002]" pageId="18" pageNumber="225" value="2019-04-12">
<collectingDate id="EFC3E99BC5183F4FC6D91BF972820CF9" box="[756,916,1976,2002]" pageId="18" pageNumber="225" value="2019-04-12">12 April 2019</collectingDate>
</date>
by
</materialsCitation>
<collectionCode id="ED28AE76C5183F4FC7EF1BF972E10CF9" box="[962,1015,1976,2002]" pageId="18" pageNumber="225">RAP</collectionCode>
<materialsCitation id="3B513CEEC5183F4FC02C1BF970EC0CDD" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3914274310" collectionCode="NC" elevation="1260" latitude="35.338" location="Sunburst Falls" longLatPrecision="71" longitude="-82.904" municipality="Haywood" pageId="18" pageNumber="225" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
near
<location id="8EE66068C5183F4FC0171BF975CB0CF9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039087A5C5183F4EC4BA1EC072920E26:8EE66068C5183F4FC0171BF975CB0CF9" box="[1082,1245,1976,2002]" latitude="35.338" longLatPrecision="71" longitude="-82.904" municipality="Haywood" name="Sunburst Falls" pageId="18" pageNumber="225">Sunburst Falls</location>
(
<collectionCode id="ED28AE76C5183F4FC0C21BF9740D0CF9" box="[1263,1307,1976,2002]" pageId="18" pageNumber="225">NC</collectionCode>
:
<collectingMunicipality id="6BE2ACC9C5183F4FC1051BF9748E0CF9" box="[1320,1432,1976,2002]" pageId="18" pageNumber="225">Haywood</collectingMunicipality>
;
<geoCoordinate id="EE0D5074C5183F4FC4BA1B9D71F10CDC" box="[151,231,2012,2039]" degrees="35.338" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="18" pageNumber="225" precision="55" value="35.338">35.338</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE0D5074C5183F4FC4DF1B9D705B0CDD" box="[242,333,2012,2038]" degrees="82.904" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="18" pageNumber="225" precision="55" value="-82.904">-82.904</geoCoordinate>
), ~
<quantity id="4CC19B56C5183F4FC5431B9D70AB0CDD" box="[366,445,2012,2038]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.26" pageId="18" pageNumber="225" unit="m" value="1260.0">
<elevation id="0014D180C5183F4FC5431B9D70AB0CDD" box="[366,445,2012,2038]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.26" pageId="18" pageNumber="225" unit="m" value="1260.0">1260m</elevation>
</quantity>
ASL
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3236538C5193F4EC4EA1CD7731F0916" pageId="19" pageNumber="226" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8B8636B3C5193F4EC4EA1CD7731F0916" blockId="19.[151,1437,150,897]" pageId="19" pageNumber="226">
<emphasis id="B94DEAA1C5193F4EC4EA1CD770520B9B" bold="true" box="[199,324,150,176]" pageId="19" pageNumber="226">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
Several phenotypic characters exhibit varying combinations of states which are purported to be diagnostic and differentiate
<taxonomicName id="4C394D30C5193F4EC5FF1CFA737C0BFE" authorityName="Pyron &amp; Beamer" authorityYear="2022" box="[466,618,187,213]" class="Amphibia" family="Plethodontidae" genus="Desmognathus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="19" pageNumber="226" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="balsameus">
<emphasis id="B94DEAA1C5193F4EC5FF1CFA737C0BFE" box="[466,618,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="226">D. balsameus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from related or similar taxa. This species is a small (~
<quantity id="4CC19B56C5193F4EC0E31CFA74550BFE" box="[1230,1347,187,213]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3" metricValueMax="4.7" metricValueMin="1.9" pageId="19" pageNumber="226" unit="mm" value="33.0" valueMax="47.0" valueMin="19.0">19–47mm</quantity>
SVL;
<emphasis id="B94DEAA1C5193F4EC1A31CFA748A0BFF" box="[1422,1436,187,212]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="226">n</emphasis>
= 22), primarily terrestrial mountain dusky salamander with a tail shorter than the body (up to ~90% SVL) that is round in cross section along its length. It is differentiated from
<taxonomicName id="4C394D30C5193F4EC77D1D4272F20A36" authorityName="Tilley" authorityYear="1981" box="[848,996,259,285]" class="Amphibia" family="Plethodontidae" genus="Desmognathus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="19" pageNumber="226" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="santeetlah">
<emphasis id="B94DEAA1C5193F4EC77D1D4272F20A36" box="[848,996,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="226">D. santeetlah</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the lack of any keeling on the dorsal surface of the tail (vs. presence thereof), which is the only species in its range with which it is likely to be confused. Exhibits a wide range of color patterns, with most individuals possessing a partially or mostly complete dorsal stripe with wavy or undulating edges (vs. usually straight in
<taxonomicName id="4C394D30C5193F4EC7781D2E72C50AA2" authorityName="Pyron &amp; Beamer" authorityYear="2022" box="[853,979,367,393]" class="Amphibia" family="Plethodontidae" genus="Desmognathus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="19" pageNumber="226" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="adatsihi">
<emphasis id="B94DEAA1C5193F4EC7781D2E72C50AA2" box="[853,979,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="226">D. adatsihi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), formed from the irregular invasion of melanophore patches between the remnants of paired larval spots, with a brownish, yellowish, or reddish coloration against a darker lateral ground color, and a general lack of any regular patterning along the mid-dorsal line (
<figureCitation id="13022A36C5193F4EC1491DF671F70ADE" captionStart-0="FIGURE 17" captionStart-1="FIGURE 18" captionStartId-0="20.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionStartId-1="21.[151,250,1919,1943]" captionTargetBox-0="[203,1384,181,1904]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1435,181,1894]" captionTargetId-0="figure-17@20.[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetId-1="figure-19@21.[151,1435,181,1894]" captionTargetPageId-0="20" captionTargetPageId-1="21" captionText-0="FIGURE 17. Comparative specimens of Desmognathus balsameus in preservative in dorsal (a, c) and ventral (b, d) views, showing dorsal stripe with wavy or undulating edges (RAP0979; Black Balsam Knob, NC: Haywood; a, b), and the early ontogenetic stage of this pattern with more distinct paired spots (RAP0990; Burnette Cove Creek, NC: Haywood; c, d)." captionText-1="FIGURE 18. Photographs of a juvenile (a: RAP2824) and adult (b: RAP2825) Desmognathus balsameus from Bear Pen Gap (NC: Jackson) in life. Photos courtesy of M.A. Seldes." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7120247" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7120249" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/7120247/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/7120249/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="226">Figs. 17–18</figureCitation>
). Ontogenetic darkening seems to be relatively more common and at smaller sizes than in related species, with individuals as small as ~
<quantity id="4CC19B56C5193F4EC5CC1DBE733C0932" box="[481,554,511,537]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3" pageId="19" pageNumber="226" unit="mm" value="33.0">33mm</quantity>
SVL exhibiting overall dark brown to blackish coloration obscuring the dorsal pattern (
<figureCitation id="13022A36C5193F4EC4D91E6270430916" box="[244,341,547,573]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1919,1943]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1894]" captionTargetId="figure-17@14.[151,1435,181,1894]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 12. Comparison of large, darkened adult males (based on elongated snouts and peramorphic jaw musculature) of Desmognathus adatsihi (a: RAP2816; Rough Ridge, NC: Haywood) and D. balsameus (b: RAP2827; Bear Pen Gap, NC: Jackson; Fig. 16a) in life, showing the similar overall melanic coloration taken on with age. Photos courtesy of M.A. Seldes (UGA)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7120233" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7120233/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="226">Fig. 12b</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13022A36C5193F4EC54C1E62709B0916" box="[353,397,547,573]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1919,1943]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1894]" captionTargetId="figure-17@16.[151,1435,181,1894]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 14. Comparison of small adult Desmognathus adatsihi (a: not collected; Clingmans Dome, TN: Sevier/NC: Swain) and exceptionally large (54mm SVL) adult D. balsameus (b: RAP2831; Lost Knob, NC: Jackson) in life, showing the dramatic possible differences in body form and coloration. Photos courtesy of M.A. Seldes." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7120239" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7120239/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="226">14b</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13022A36C5193F4EC5B41E6270D30916" box="[409,453,547,573]" captionStart="FIGURE 18" captionStartId="21.[151,250,1919,1943]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1894]" captionTargetId="figure-19@21.[151,1435,181,1894]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 18. Photographs of a juvenile (a: RAP2824) and adult (b: RAP2825) Desmognathus balsameus from Bear Pen Gap (NC: Jackson) in life. Photos courtesy of M.A. Seldes." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7120249" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7120249/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="226">18b</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13022A36C5193F4EC5FC1E6270EA0916" box="[465,508,547,573]" captionStart="FIGURE 19" captionStartId="22.[151,250,1827,1851]" captionTargetBox="[242,1345,181,1804]" captionTargetId="figure-17@22.[242,1345,181,1804]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURE 19. Live photograph of two large adult male Desmognathus balsameus (RAP2826–7) in combat (a), found in situ under a log in the understory of a coniferous forest (b) near Bear Pen Gap (NC: Jackson; ~1670m ASL). No females were observed nearby, suggesting a possible territorial nature for the interaction. Both individuals show overall darkened adult coloration with few if any discernable color-pattern remnants.Adult Eurycea cf. wilderae and Plethodon metcalfi were found under similar logs, and D. wrighti is known from the site (Pyron et al. 2022c). The encounter occurred at ~1000h on 24 July 2022 and was found by M.A. Seldes. Photos by RAP." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7120255" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7120255/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="226">19a</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3236538C5193F4EC4EA1E0770CB0982" pageId="19" pageNumber="226" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8B8636B3C5193F4EC4EA1E0770CB0982" blockId="19.[151,1437,150,897]" pageId="19" pageNumber="226">
<emphasis id="B94DEAA1C5193F4EC4EA1E077075094B" bold="true" box="[199,355,582,608]" pageId="19" pageNumber="226">Distribution:</emphasis>
In the Great Balsam Mountains of western
<collectingRegion id="49FDF851C5193F4EC74C1E06751A094A" box="[865,1036,583,609]" country="United States of America" name="North Carolina" pageId="19" pageNumber="226">North Carolina</collectingRegion>
at elevations above ~
<quantity id="4CC19B56C5193F4EC1241E06744E094A" box="[1289,1368,583,609]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="19" pageNumber="226" unit="m" value="1000.0">1000m</quantity>
ASL, primarily in Haywood, Jackson, and Transylvania Counties, but possibly extending into western Buncombe and Henderson Counties (
<figureCitation id="13022A36C5193F4EC5A71ECE70C60982" box="[394,464,655,681]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1755,1779]" captionTargetBox="[343,1254,181,1728]" captionTargetId="graphics-707@6.[28,2087,1,2911]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Map of the five species considered by our taxonomy from genetically verified recent localities (RAP collection; Anderson &amp; Tilley 2003; Beamer &amp; Lamb 2020; Karlin &amp; Guttman 1986; Kozak et al. 2005; Means et al. 2017; Pyron et al. 2022c; Tilley 2000; Tilley et al. 1978, 2008; Tilley &amp; Mahoney 1996). We include apalachicolae A2 and ocoee E within our concept of D. ocoee, for which the nominotypical lineage is ocoee F/G/H. Note that some individuals from these populations are admixed between one or more species, and hybrid zones exist between phylogeographic lineages within D. ocoee and D. perlapsus, primarily at the geographic margins where each adjacent lineage contacts its neighbor. Type localities are indicated with triangles, the population of unknown affinity from Horse Cove (GA: Gilmer; Fig. 21) is indicated with a gray dot, and the potential Cohutta populations are indicated with a “?.”" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7120211" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7120211/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="226">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3236538C5193F4EC4EA1EF272920E26" pageId="19" pageNumber="226" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8B8636B3C5193F4EC4EA1EF275C10812" blockId="19.[151,1437,150,897]" pageId="19" pageNumber="226">
<emphasis id="B94DEAA1C5193F4EC4EA1EF2704409E6" bold="true" box="[199,338,691,717]" pageId="19" pageNumber="226">Etymology:</emphasis>
From the Latin
<emphasis id="B94DEAA1C5193F4EC6261EF2736809E6" box="[523,638,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="226">balsamum</emphasis>
for “balm,” after the Fraser fir trees (
<taxonomicName id="4C394D30C5193F4EC0071EF275AD09E6" box="[1066,1211,691,717]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Abies" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="19" pageNumber="226" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fraseri">
<emphasis id="B94DEAA1C5193F4EC0071EF275AD09E6" box="[1066,1211,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="226">Abies fraseri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), known in the past as the “she-balsam” or “balsam fir” for which the Great Balsam Mountains are also named (
<figureCitation id="13022A36C5193F4EC08C1E96741409DA" box="[1185,1282,727,753]" captionStart="FIGURE 19" captionStartId="22.[151,250,1827,1851]" captionTargetBox="[242,1345,181,1804]" captionTargetId="figure-17@22.[242,1345,181,1804]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURE 19. Live photograph of two large adult male Desmognathus balsameus (RAP2826–7) in combat (a), found in situ under a log in the understory of a coniferous forest (b) near Bear Pen Gap (NC: Jackson; ~1670m ASL). No females were observed nearby, suggesting a possible territorial nature for the interaction. Both individuals show overall darkened adult coloration with few if any discernable color-pattern remnants.Adult Eurycea cf. wilderae and Plethodon metcalfi were found under similar logs, and D. wrighti is known from the site (Pyron et al. 2022c). The encounter occurred at ~1000h on 24 July 2022 and was found by M.A. Seldes. Photos by RAP." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7120255" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7120255/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="226">Fig. 19b</figureCitation>
), though now treated as distinct from the Balsam fir
<taxonomicName id="4C394D30C5193F4EC67B1EBA73F8083E" authorityName="Pyron &amp; Beamer" authorityYear="2022" box="[598,750,763,789]" class="Amphibia" family="Plethodontidae" genus="Desmognathus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="19" pageNumber="226" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="balsameus">
<emphasis id="B94DEAA1C5193F4EC67B1EBA73F8083E" box="[598,750,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="226">A. balsameus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Name is a Latin singular adjective in the nominative case, masculine gender. We suggest the common name “Great Balsams” Mountain Dusky Salamander.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636B3C5193F4EC4EA1F02707608AA" blockId="19.[151,1437,150,897]" pageId="19" pageNumber="226">
<emphasis id="B94DEAA1C5193F4EC4EA1F0270050876" bold="true" box="[199,275,835,861]" pageId="19" pageNumber="226">Notes:</emphasis>
Comprises the
<taxonomicName id="4C394D30C5193F4EC5E81F0273100877" box="[453,518,835,860]" class="Amphibia" family="Plethodontidae" genus="Desmognathus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="19" pageNumber="226" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ocoee">
<emphasis id="B94DEAA1C5193F4EC5E81F0273100877" box="[453,518,835,860]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="226">ocoee</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
B lineage defined by
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B42C5193F4EC72F1F0272F70876" author="Kozak, K. H. &amp; Larson, A. &amp; Bonett, R. M. &amp; Harmon, L. J." box="[770,993,834,861]" pageId="19" pageNumber="226" pagination="2000 - 2016" refId="ref15009" refString="Kozak, K. H., Larson, A., Bonett, R. M. &amp; Harmon, L. J. (2005) Phylogenetic analysis of ecomorphological divergence, community structure, and diversification rates in dusky salamanders (Plethodontidae: Desmognathus). Evolution, 59, 2000 - 2016. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 0014 - 3820.2005. tb 01069. x" type="journal article" year="2005">
Kozak
<emphasis id="B94DEAA1C5193F4EC77E1F02729A0876" box="[851,908,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="226">et al.</emphasis>
(2005)
</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B42C5193F4EC7C01F0274160876" author="Beamer, D. A. &amp; Lamb, T." box="[1005,1280,835,861]" pageId="19" pageNumber="226" pagination="1 - 61" refId="ref12430" refString="Beamer, D. A. &amp; Lamb, T. (2020) Towards rectifying limitations on species delineation in dusky salamanders (Desmognathus: Plethodontidae): an ecoregion-drainage sampling grid reveals additional cryptic clades. Zootaxa, 4734 (1), 1 - 61. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4734.1.1" type="journal article" year="2020">Beamer &amp; Lamb (2020)</bibRefCitation>
, and
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B42C5193F4EC1101F0271E908AA" author="Pyron, R. A. &amp; O'Connell, K. A. &amp; Lemmon, E. M. &amp; Lemmon, A. R. &amp; Beamer, D. A." pageId="19" pageNumber="226" pagination="106751" refId="ref16177" refString="Pyron, R. A., O'Connell, K. A., Lemmon, E. M., Lemmon, A. R. &amp; Beamer, D. A. (2020) Phylogenomic data reveal reticulation and incongruence among mitochondrial candidate species in Dusky Salamanders (Desmognathus). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 146, 106751. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ympev. 2020.106751" type="journal article" year="2020">
Pyron
<emphasis id="B94DEAA1C5193F4EC1A51F0271A208AA" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="226">et al.</emphasis>
(2020
</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B42C5193F4EC5271F26704508AA" author="Pyron, R. A. &amp; O'Connell, K. A. &amp; Lemmon, E. M. &amp; Lemmon, A. R. &amp; Beamer, D. A." box="[266,339,871,897]" pageId="19" pageNumber="226" pagination="8574" refId="ref16099" refString="Pyron, R. A., O'Connell, K. A., Lemmon, E. M., Lemmon, A. R. &amp; Beamer, D. A. (2022 c) Candidate-species delimitation in Desmognathus salamanders reveals gene flow across lineage boundaries, confounding phylogenetic estimation and clarifying hybrid zones. Ecology and Evolution, 12, e 8574. https: // doi. org / 10.1002 / ece 3.8574" type="journal article" year="2022">2022c</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8636B3C5193F4EC4BA1FEE72920E26" blockId="19.[151,1437,942,1293]" pageId="19" pageNumber="226">
The fourth species in our taxonomy represents the resurrection of
<taxonomicName id="4C394D30C5193F4EC7B61FEE745308E2" authority="Neill, 1950" authorityName="Neill" authorityYear="1950" box="[923,1349,942,969]" class="Amphibia" family="Plethodontidae" genus="Desmognathus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="19" pageNumber="226" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="perlapsus">
<emphasis id="B94DEAA1C5193F4EC7B61FEE75AF08E2" box="[923,1209,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="226">Desmognathus perlapsus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B42C5193F4EC0EE1FEE745308E2" author="Neill, W. T." box="[1219,1349,942,969]" pageId="19" pageNumber="226" refId="ref15662" refString="Neill, W. T. (1950) A new species of salamander, genus Desmognathus, from Georgia. Research Division, Ross Allen's Reptile Institute, Silver Springs, Florida, 6 pp." type="book" year="1950">Neill, 1950</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
for the
<taxonomicName id="4C394D30C5193F4EC4BA1F9271CE08C7" box="[151,216,979,1004]" class="Amphibia" family="Plethodontidae" genus="Desmognathus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="19" pageNumber="226" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ocoee">
<emphasis id="B94DEAA1C5193F4EC4BA1F9271CE08C7" box="[151,216,979,1004]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="226">ocoee</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
C/D lineage, which shares hybrid non-lineal mitochondrial ancestry with the Balsam clade but is otherwise genealogically exclusive and topologically distinct from
<taxonomicName id="4C394D30C5193F4EC70F1FB672B70F3A" authorityName="Pyron &amp; Beamer" authorityYear="2022" box="[802,929,1015,1041]" class="Amphibia" family="Plethodontidae" genus="Desmognathus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="19" pageNumber="226" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="adatsihi">
<emphasis id="B94DEAA1C5193F4EC70F1FB672B70F3A" box="[802,929,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="226">D. adatsihi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C394D30C5193F4EC7F11FB675610F3A" authorityName="Pyron &amp; Beamer" authorityYear="2022" box="[988,1143,1015,1041]" class="Amphibia" family="Plethodontidae" genus="Desmognathus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="19" pageNumber="226" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="balsameus">
<emphasis id="B94DEAA1C5193F4EC7F11FB675610F3A" box="[988,1143,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="226">D. balsameus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(see
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B42C5193F4EC09A1FB674870F3A" author="Pyron, R. A. &amp; O'Connell, K. A. &amp; Lemmon, E. M. &amp; Lemmon, A. R. &amp; Beamer, D. A." box="[1207,1425,1015,1041]" pageId="19" pageNumber="226" pagination="8574" refId="ref16099" refString="Pyron, R. A., O'Connell, K. A., Lemmon, E. M., Lemmon, A. R. &amp; Beamer, D. A. (2022 c) Candidate-species delimitation in Desmognathus salamanders reveals gene flow across lineage boundaries, confounding phylogenetic estimation and clarifying hybrid zones. Ecology and Evolution, 12, e 8574. https: // doi. org / 10.1002 / ece 3.8574" type="journal article" year="2022">
Pyron
<emphasis id="B94DEAA1C5193F4EC1291FB674280F3A" box="[1284,1342,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="226">et al.</emphasis>
2022c
</bibRefCitation>
). The primary expansion of this taxon concept here is the inclusion of populations previously referred to
<taxonomicName id="4C394D30C5193F4EC108185A748A0F1F" authorityName="Rossman" authorityYear="1958" box="[1317,1436,1051,1076]" class="Amphibia" family="Plethodontidae" genus="Desmognathus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="19" pageNumber="226" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="conanti">
<emphasis id="B94DEAA1C5193F4EC108185A748A0F1F" box="[1317,1436,1051,1076]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="226">D. conanti</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from the Chattahoochee River drainage in the Piedmont of
<collectingCountry id="F32E7623C5193F4EC719187E72980F72" box="[820,910,1087,1113]" name="Georgia" pageId="19" pageNumber="226">Georgia</collectingCountry>
and Alabama, as reported by
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B42C5193F4EC0F2187E71F40F56" author="Beamer, D. A. &amp; Lamb, T." pageId="19" pageNumber="226" pagination="1 - 61" refId="ref12430" refString="Beamer, D. A. &amp; Lamb, T. (2020) Towards rectifying limitations on species delineation in dusky salamanders (Desmognathus: Plethodontidae): an ecoregion-drainage sampling grid reveals additional cryptic clades. Zootaxa, 4734 (1), 1 - 61. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4734.1.1" type="journal article" year="2020">Beamer &amp; Lamb (2020)</bibRefCitation>
and corroborated by
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B42C5193F4EC5FC182273A30F56" author="Pyron, R. A. &amp; O'Connell, K. A. &amp; Lemmon, E. M. &amp; Lemmon, A. R. &amp; Beamer, D. A." box="[465,693,1123,1149]" pageId="19" pageNumber="226" pagination="8574" refId="ref16099" refString="Pyron, R. A., O'Connell, K. A., Lemmon, E. M., Lemmon, A. R. &amp; Beamer, D. A. (2022 c) Candidate-species delimitation in Desmognathus salamanders reveals gene flow across lineage boundaries, confounding phylogenetic estimation and clarifying hybrid zones. Ecology and Evolution, 12, e 8574. https: // doi. org / 10.1002 / ece 3.8574" type="journal article" year="2022">
Pyron
<emphasis id="B94DEAA1C5193F4EC636182273420F56" box="[539,596,1123,1149]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="226">et al.</emphasis>
(2022c)
</bibRefCitation>
. The
<taxonomicName id="4C394D30C5193F4EC6DC182272240F57" box="[753,818,1123,1148]" class="Amphibia" family="Plethodontidae" genus="Desmognathus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="19" pageNumber="226" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ocoee">
<emphasis id="B94DEAA1C5193F4EC6DC182272240F57" box="[753,818,1123,1148]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="226">ocoee</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
C lineage reported by
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B42C5193F4EC01E1822741A0F56" author="Kozak, K. H. &amp; Larson, A. &amp; Bonett, R. M. &amp; Harmon, L. J." box="[1075,1292,1122,1149]" pageId="19" pageNumber="226" pagination="2000 - 2016" refId="ref15009" refString="Kozak, K. H., Larson, A., Bonett, R. M. &amp; Harmon, L. J. (2005) Phylogenetic analysis of ecomorphological divergence, community structure, and diversification rates in dusky salamanders (Plethodontidae: Desmognathus). Evolution, 59, 2000 - 2016. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 0014 - 3820.2005. tb 01069. x" type="journal article" year="2005">
Kozak
<emphasis id="B94DEAA1C5193F4EC0AE182275A20F56" box="[1155,1204,1123,1149]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="226">et al</emphasis>
. (2005)
</bibRefCitation>
is a member of this species and exhibits reciprocal admixture with adjacent
<taxonomicName id="4C394D30C5193F4EC74A18C672BE0F8B" box="[871,936,1159,1184]" class="Amphibia" family="Plethodontidae" genus="Desmognathus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="19" pageNumber="226" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ocoee">
<emphasis id="B94DEAA1C5193F4EC74A18C672BE0F8B" box="[871,936,1159,1184]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="226">ocoee</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
E and possibly
<taxonomicName id="4C394D30C5193F4EC04C18C675B40F8B" box="[1121,1186,1159,1184]" class="Amphibia" family="Plethodontidae" genus="Desmognathus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="19" pageNumber="226" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ocoee">
<emphasis id="B94DEAA1C5193F4EC04C18C675B40F8B" box="[1121,1186,1159,1184]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="226">ocoee</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
F/G/H populations in the southern Nantahala Mountains (
<bibRefCitation id="EFA84B42C5193F4EC60A18EA73ED0FEE" author="Pyron, R. A. &amp; O'Connell, K. A. &amp; Lemmon, E. M. &amp; Lemmon, A. R. &amp; Beamer, D. A." box="[551,763,1195,1221]" pageId="19" pageNumber="226" pagination="8574" refId="ref16099" refString="Pyron, R. A., O'Connell, K. A., Lemmon, E. M., Lemmon, A. R. &amp; Beamer, D. A. (2022 c) Candidate-species delimitation in Desmognathus salamanders reveals gene flow across lineage boundaries, confounding phylogenetic estimation and clarifying hybrid zones. Ecology and Evolution, 12, e 8574. https: // doi. org / 10.1002 / ece 3.8574" type="journal article" year="2022">
Pyron
<emphasis id="B94DEAA1C5193F4EC65E18EA73BD0FEE" box="[627,683,1195,1221]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="226">et al.</emphasis>
2022c
</bibRefCitation>
). The
<taxonomicName id="4C394D30C5193F4EC76D18EA72970FEF" box="[832,897,1195,1220]" class="Amphibia" family="Plethodontidae" genus="Desmognathus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="19" pageNumber="226" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ocoee">
<emphasis id="B94DEAA1C5193F4EC76D18EA72970FEF" box="[832,897,1195,1220]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="226">ocoee</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
D lineage is otherwise genetically cohesive and comprises northern and southern phylogeographic sublineages with a broad hybrid zone across the Blue Ridge/ Piedmont transition. Correspondingly, we offer a re-description of:
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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