183 lines
20 KiB
XML
183 lines
20 KiB
XML
<document id="49552B951A5906A55415FFD764181688" ID-CLB-Dataset="25754" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.58.507" ID-GBIF-Dataset="1c4e9564-16cc-41fd-bdd2-d4a77484f100" ID-PMC="PMC3088339" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-58-1" ID-PubMed="21594191" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2010" ModsDocID="1313-2970-58-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 58" ModsDocTitle="Australian gall-inducing scale insects on Eucalyptus: revision of Opisthoscelis Schrader (Coccoidea, Eriococcidae) and descriptions of a new genus and nine new species" checkinTime="1451250974324" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Hardy, Nate B. & Gullan, Penny J." docDate="2010" docId="C7C5DCF975A80176DAB14B58125319B6" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 58: 1-74" docOrigin="ZooKeys 58" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.58.507" docTitle="Tanyscelis tripocula Hardy & Gullan, sp. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="39" masterDocId="8968FFC5A95F7F195B2A10735E18FFA1" masterDocTitle="Australian gall-inducing scale insects on Eucalyptus: revision of Opisthoscelis Schrader (Coccoidea, Eriococcidae) and descriptions of a new genus and nine new species" masterLastPageNumber="74" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="36" updateTime="1732685506351" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo id="22F5A1CC232797CADD637C220C452432">
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<mods:title id="1AE3EB34ED5CB8D655A7154867F72A8E">Australian gall-inducing scale insects on Eucalyptus: revision of Opisthoscelis Schrader (Coccoidea, Eriococcidae) and descriptions of a new genus and nine new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="1ED58A0F1C607F685D47B7C9DBA8F00E">Hardy, Nate B.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="EF6E0E05F2AA50B13B7C380D6CBAFB20">Gullan, Penny J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="5BF0A6BCE38BE2DF1108137E2F5F40A3">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="8D479BF88EFB7C0AD62EDC38C3828F66">ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="F4EA84F9843CA46604E22DF846301122">
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<mods:date id="3F38C14A5FC32421FF4C3BDCA103D723">2010</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="DEA122DDCCD699B85DD779B5005682E6" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="82C92EC0349A270AC9BCD3F59AC86F6B">58</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="511427AF11A9201A518B782851D15CA3">1</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="B1C9B8B491CA39EED050467B11757881">74</mods:end>
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<mods:url id="172178CCFE3046962B566BD5D58C979C">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.58.507</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="C386F6BDD48603FD2DEF82DEF07F1DDA">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="E1BAAF5CFC75D2C3BB272475A2562915" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.58.507</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="8755EC9FE0B6B03216E75BD7EB1C62CC" type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-58-1</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="C7C5DCF975A80176DAB14B58125319B6" ID-GBIF-Taxon="159359961" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:E7C56FFF-20B2-43E2-B860-56FBBC928F3B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C7C5DCF975A80176DAB14B58125319B6" lastPageId="38" lastPageNumber="39" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" scope_family="Eriococcidae" scope_superFamily="Coccoidea">
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<subSubSection id="86F94D21ED5BE85EB770BC55308D7EF0" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="117A1AC8A3B619DAB99A951485206EBF" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
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<taxonomicName id="0E3C5FA3391D463A8C7B58206E064889" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:E7C56FFF-20B2-43E2-B860-56FBBC928F3B" authority="Hardy & Gullan" genus="Tanyscelis" lsidName="Tanyscelis tripocula" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" rank="species" species="tripocula">Tanyscelis tripocula Hardy & Gullan</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="525F8C930E29484C0E876857982C2CEC" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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Figs 3f21
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="5A31BC48450332F44891574EC153426E" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="gall">
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<paragraph id="5859A95385156B47234622B68BABBD9F" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Gall</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="E5FB7F5B857F386ACA9D46F26A5CF561" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
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(Fig. 3f). Female. On leaf. Gall circular, 3-4 mm diameter, almost level with leaf surface on orifice side, a slightly raised bump on opposite leaf surface; opening round to elongate, surrounded by raised ring of tissue, usually opening on adaxial (upper) surface of leaf. Gall tissue green but highly glaucous due to white waxy exudation on
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<taxonomicName id="03CDC1186AB4C2B210FBF955FD5C4C01" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Eucalyptus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Eucalyptus cephalocarpa" order="Myrtales" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cephalocarpa">Eucalyptus cephalocarpa</taxonomicName>
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; gall not glaucous and becoming brown with age on
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<taxonomicName id="F82A34352E9ACD8FDC9F63E9647D0DAC" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Eucalyptus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Eucalyptus aromophloia" order="Myrtales" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aromophloia">Eucalyptus aromophloia</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="1D1BC03E83D201C60F89A2CCC03C15B2" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
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Male. On leaf, usually opening on adaxial surface. Similar to galls of females; gall surface glaucous if on
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<taxonomicName id="83562DAA693D85096ECE101DB53997AC" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Eucalyptus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Eucalyptus cephalocarpa" order="Myrtales" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cephalocarpa">Eucalyptus cephalocarpa</taxonomicName>
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but gall tissue red, appearing purplish due to white wax covering.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8F30F1F0E2B4DBDB4E66AB830769A963" lastPageId="37" lastPageNumber="38" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="adult female">
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<paragraph id="F48175B78BEE52CD066BAA43A1FC6A9E" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Adult female</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B67B821AFAA36C0B76C97CEDA0F1E7B3" lastPageId="37" lastPageNumber="38" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
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(Fig. 21) (n = 16). Body outline circular, abdomen tapered and curved dorsad in mature females, vulva and anal opening topologically dorsal,
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<pageBreakToken id="107BC1F924DA0E3E1E6AD79B316613F8" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" start="start">length</pageBreakToken>
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1.2-2.4 mm, greatest width 1.1-2.2 mm. Eyes each 28-48
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<normalizedToken id="00E1B7A5924C260F1481F63F6310D39C" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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wide, on dorsal margin. Antennal segmentation poor, each antenna appearing 3-segmented, 60-240 mm long. Frontal lobes each 170-340
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<normalizedToken id="E6731680FA5AA240887DF615265E4048" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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long, 115-290
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<normalizedToken id="28F5570D463D52E1AF57B0F262206082" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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wide. Tentorial box 170-350 mm long. Labium 80-130 mm long, 85-120 mm wide. Pump
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<pageBreakToken id="6CCB8469407471C58ACE89C55D977905" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" start="start">chamber</pageBreakToken>
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18-23
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<normalizedToken id="B9BBE4249634764E28127DE1A6E46769" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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long, 25-28
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<normalizedToken id="1A4E4652F57087CEB9DD5E951725DC47" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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wide. Spiracles 80-175 mm long, 40-90 mm wide across atrium. Fore and mid legs small stumps, some segmentation apparent, 50-110
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<normalizedToken id="AFA67ECA50C13CBBEEA8B144DBD582DC" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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long. Hind leg with coxa 285-340
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<normalizedToken id="DACCD680785B5C2E56B2B221332D3C13" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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long, trochanter + femur 420-490
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<normalizedToken id="35EB5E3CB6485015D5D870A32C823DD6" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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long, tibia slightly curved, outer margin concave, 305-410
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<normalizedToken id="BAA893C740A4CE8918DCC41F038C8B8C" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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long, tarsus 160-230
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<normalizedToken id="FAB41D1F31D7C789324AA9E4AFBBE638" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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long; translucent pores dense on both surfaces of hind tarsus, tibia and all but proximal end of femur; trochanter with 2 campaniform sensilla on each side; femur-tibia articulation functional; claw and digitules present but reduced. Anal opening 8-25
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<normalizedToken id="61AFF56CBF24279B6FA15772A203884E" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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wide, an irregular slit on dorsal body surface, surrounded by rugose sclerotic plate 40-73
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<normalizedToken id="B4159EF97C2FEF620B7FF1B22FA5D68E" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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wide; a few setae may be associated with plate, but without pores.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="CE512D2AD0E10941251C32A7199377C4" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
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Dorsum. With medial sclerotic shield composed of crowded nodules separated by deep fissures, with a larger deep invagination at posteromedial margin of each thoracic segment. Derm outside of shield membranous, densely beset with minute nodules. Dorsal setae flagellate, 8-50 mm long, in a transverse row across each abdominal segment, scattered over head and thorax. Macrotubular ducts absent. Microtubular ducts absent. Quinquelocular pores 7-9
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<normalizedToken id="B838C82678EACCC1EF6389E7BD94C469" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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in diameter, restricted to abdominal segment VIII and lateral areas of VII.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="52420042D813E26EA1A51F4225A2385F" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
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Venter. Mature female with venter expanded relative to dorsum, so ventral body margin appears topologically dorsal. Oral lobes membranous. Setae flagellate, 8-100 mm long, a scant few on abdomen, anterior to mid legs, and along margin. Macrotubular ducts absent. Quinquelocular pores similar to those on dorsum, reasonably numerous in a band radiating from each spiracle to body margin, also a few in transverse band on each of abdominal segments
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<normalizedToken id="640F4EC246FB550CD19281D5D42C529D" originalValue="V–VIII">V-VIII</normalizedToken>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="AEB4359A5F9E3C5C96DADEE59B64A5F9" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
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<paragraph id="D33A81BDCF0E4FF200B95B563AA11341" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
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Figure 21. Adult female of
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<taxonomicName id="106380A6C47287CDB5AD8189CACC64D6" genus="Tanyscelis" lsidName="Tanyscelis tripocula" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" rank="species" species="tripocula">Tanyscelis tripocula</taxonomicName>
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Hardy & Gullan, sp. n.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="6B33AF9F641CA46811DDC7E7263BDE7F" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="material examined">
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<paragraph id="0195E339548F89A65DFA1F37C417F03B" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A4B86655DBABB2A5B6731B07D5F7A01D" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
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Holotype (here designated): AUSTRALIA: Victoria: 1 adult female (1.35 mm long, 1.17 mm wide): ex flat, circular gall on leaf,
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<taxonomicName id="0E662F40D20188E7782B5EBE4E386E05" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Eucalyptus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Eucalyptus cephalocarpa" order="Myrtales" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cephalocarpa">Eucalyptus cephalocarpa</taxonomicName>
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, Macclesfield,
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<normalizedToken id="26BA2ACC145924BD0EA7D8D9E0548237" originalValue="Kirkpatrick’s">Kirkpatrick's</normalizedToken>
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Road, ca 300 m W of Short Road, -37.87°; 145.47°, 8 Feb., 2005, PJG and NBH, NH78 (ANIC).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="564DD7E961671BD677979C306404CE26" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
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Paratypes: AUSTRALIA: Victoria: 7 adult females, 4 second-instar female, 10 adult males, 2 pupal males: same data as holotype (ANIC); 5 adult females: ex galls,
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<taxonomicName id="8C3D4625C3B6F5948759B0D26A0E9765" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Eucalyptus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Eucalyptus cephalocarpa" order="Myrtales" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cephalocarpa">Eucalyptus cephalocarpa</taxonomicName>
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, Macclesfield, Kirkpatrick Road, 17 July, 1976, PJG (ANIC); 7 adult females: ex galls,
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<taxonomicName id="9C58310576C40A20134AAE7D0D040288" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Eucalyptus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Eucalyptus cephalocarpa" order="Myrtales" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cephalocarpa">Eucalyptus cephalocarpa</taxonomicName>
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, Macclesfield, Kirkpatrick Road, 17 Oct., 1977, M. Hill (ANIC except 1 adult female BMNH, 1 adult female NMV, 1 adult female USNM); 2 adult females (1 parasitised), 3 second-instar females, 1 first-instar nymph: ex leaf gall,
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<taxonomicName id="E239F04A9A8CFDD4D4F8DCC44EB1173C" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Eucalyptus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Eucalyptus cepahalocarpa" order="Myrtales" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cepahalocarpa">Eucalyptus cepahalocarpa</taxonomicName>
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, Cranbourne, Royal Botanic Gardens Cranbourne, -38.14°; 145.28°, 9 Feb., 2005, PJG (ANIC).
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</paragraph>
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<subSection id="100B42E36E8B4032E69AFFE4D2D7A3ED" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="additional material">
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<paragraph id="4E98F9842357B809B97B723F52BC1D74" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Additional material:</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="BB4BB24F7561FDE8B4CFDD724C670398" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
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AUSTRALIA: Victoria: 9 adult females: ex leaf gall,
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<taxonomicName id="A9241294C5F061EB82079FFD4297A75E" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Eucalyptus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Eucalyptus aromaphloia" order="Myrtales" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aromaphloia">Eucalyptus aromaphloia</taxonomicName>
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, Grampians, Victoria Valley, 400 m NW of Beehive Track, ca 1 km along Beehive Track from Serra Road, 17 Nov., 1976, PJG (ANIC); 6 adult females: ex leaf galls,
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<taxonomicName id="49A02B9EA75239DB4B922C80226B7039" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Eucalyptus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Eucalyptus aromaphloia" order="Myrtales" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aromaphloia">Eucalyptus aromaphloia</taxonomicName>
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, Grampians Nat. Park, Victoria Valley, Glenelg River Road, W of Moora Moora Reservoir, -37.23°; 142.41°, 6 Feb., 2005, PJG and NBH, NH31, NH78 (ANIC).
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</paragraph>
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</subSection>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="A29BF79E1139349F7316EF89A3BEFD03" lastPageId="38" lastPageNumber="39" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="comments">
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<paragraph id="F61A1BA4B25AB004841888F5B938BDCE" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Comments.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="011A5BAA142C4DD5682165F06510E388" lastPageId="38" lastPageNumber="39" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
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Adult females of
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<taxonomicName id="B63E6DB785F1454F214D08788788C277" genus="Tanyscelis" lsidName="Tanyscelis tripocula" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" rank="species" species="tripocula">Tanyscelis tripocula</taxonomicName>
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can be recognised easily by possessing a dorsal shield composed of sclerotic nodules separated by deep fissures and having a
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<pageBreakToken id="5987191703E12DDF905189827C160482" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" start="start">deep</pageBreakToken>
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invagination at the posteromedial margin of each thoracic segment. Also distinctive are (1) the manner in which the posterior abdominal segments are directed dorsally in mature females (not in young adult females); (2) the shape of the anal opening, which is an irregular slit in a rugose sclerotic plate; and (3) the complete absence of tubular ducts. The phylogenetic position of
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<taxonomicName id="21EDCEA18F94403B0AFC22AD9A464854" genus="Tanyscelis" lsidName="Tanyscelis tripocula" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" rank="species" species="tripocula">Tanyscelis tripocula</taxonomicName>
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, as sister to all other species of
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<taxonomicName id="C5FB2718AE9B4ACCC821CC88EF4D0A52" genus="Tanyscelis" lsidName="Tanyscelis" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" rank="genus">Tanyscelis</taxonomicName>
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based on DNA data (NBH, unpublished data),is not well supported.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="9851F49C044ED66E65FC3E71C553F45E" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
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Galls of females on
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<taxonomicName id="192AD42F3BD13882100BDD01CD6FF17D" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Eucalyptus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Eucalyptus cephalocarpa" order="Myrtales" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cephalocarpa">Eucalyptus cephalocarpa</taxonomicName>
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are smaller, flatter and glaucous compared with those on
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<taxonomicName id="21C56C4EB7458F55095764130157A23F" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Eucalyptus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Eucalyptus aromaphloia" order="Myrtales" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aromaphloia">Eucalyptus aromaphloia</taxonomicName>
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. The adult females from galls on
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<taxonomicName id="0ED0C5A4B938E5DAA034595891C20F09" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Eucalyptus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Eucalyptus cephalocarpa" order="Myrtales" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cephalocarpa">Eucalyptus cephalocarpa</taxonomicName>
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are smaller and less sclerotised than the females from
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<taxonomicName id="8EBF6AC4FD3FFBB9D075948A7685B52E" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Eucalyptus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Eucalyptus aromaphloia" order="Myrtales" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aromaphloia">Eucalyptus aromaphloia</taxonomicName>
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, but this may be an age effect. The type series has been restricted to specimens from
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<taxonomicName id="F91A3C03F4CD6EB519126A23755B4BD7" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Eucalyptus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Eucalyptus cephalocarpa" order="Myrtales" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cephalocarpa">Eucalyptus cephalocarpa</taxonomicName>
|
||
because of the above slight differences.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="53BD24651D32425C4A4645B6B468DDC9" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
|
||
Adult males were observed by PJG emerging from their galls on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6B0F1C9323DE031B511BC0D72D6D14F8" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Eucalyptus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Eucalyptus cephalocarpa" order="Myrtales" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cephalocarpa">Eucalyptus cephalocarpa</taxonomicName>
|
||
in early February 1979. They emerged head first from the gall opening, which was plugged by
|
||
<normalizedToken id="C6B85443036FE522B45BF1FBA168B673" originalValue="male’s">male's</normalizedToken>
|
||
first-instar exuviae until gall maturity. The males were capable of short jumps of 1-3 cm either forwards or backwards, as well as weak flight. Adult females also may bear their first-instar exuviae on their dorsum.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="A22B28F5CDC90193456F839496AED4EF" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="5FFB3FD0D71763533F6A7B889691810D" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="3E4E44883FF005DCB96D367C56EE8B99" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">The species name is derived from the Latin word poculum, meaning cup and tres or tri- mean three. It refers to the three deep invaginations along the dorsal midline. It is a noun in apposition.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |