303 lines
36 KiB
XML
303 lines
36 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="10.4002/040.059.0206" ID-GBIF-Dataset="c1250f02-e5e7-4631-a98b-0c749aa16d62" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6818519" approvalRequired="3" approvalRequired_for_treatments="3" checkinTime="1657556197055" checkinUser="diego" docAuthor="Waite, Richard & Allmon, Warren D." docDate="2016" docId="C32A87C1D205AD21FCE4F1B9FC40BCAA" docLanguage="en" docName="Malacologia.59.2.247-269.pdf" docOrigin="Malacologia 59 (2)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.4002/040.059.0206" docTitle="Turritella duplicata" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="250" masterDocId="3F13FFB9D204AD22FFE5F06FFFD0BF67" masterDocTitle="Observations on the Biology and Sclerochronology of “ Turritella ” Duplicata (Linnaeus, 1758) (Cerithioidea, Turritellidae) from Southern Thailand" masterLastPageNumber="269" masterPageNumber="247" pageNumber="248" updateTime="1657624974927" updateUser="diego" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Observations on the Biology and Sclerochronology of “ Turritella ” Duplicata (Linnaeus, 1758) (Cerithioidea, Turritellidae) from Southern Thailand</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Waite, Richard</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Allmon, Warren D.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Malacologia</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2016</mods:date>
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||
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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||
<mods:number>2016-12-31</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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||
<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>59</mods:number>
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||
</mods:detail>
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||
<mods:detail type="issue">
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<mods:number>2</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>247</mods:start>
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<mods:end>269</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.4002/040.059.0206</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.4002/040.059.0206</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">c1250f02-e5e7-4631-a98b-0c749aa16d62</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">6818519</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6818506" ID-GBIF-Taxon="197224642" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6818506" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C32A87C1D205AD21FCE4F1B9FC40BCAA" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C32A87C1D205AD21FCE4F1B9FC40BCAA" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="250" pageId="1" pageNumber="248">
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<subSubSection box="[769,1151,470,493]" pageId="1" pageNumber="248" type="nomenclature">
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||
<paragraph blockId="1.[769,1151,470,493]" box="[769,1151,470,493]" pageId="1" pageNumber="248">
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<heading box="[769,1151,470,493]" level="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="248">
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<taxonomicName authority="(Linnaeus, 1758)" baseAuthorityName="LINNAEUS" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[769,1151,470,493]" class="Gastropoda" family="Turritellidae" genus="Turritella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="1" pageNumber="248" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="duplicata">
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<emphasis box="[769,964,470,493]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="248">Turritelladuplicata</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation author="LINNAEUS, C." bookContentInfo="824 pp." box="[976,1145,470,493]" firstAuthor="Linnaeus" journalOrPublisher="Holmiae, Salvius" pageId="1" pageNumber="248" refId="ref12929" refString="LINNAEUS, C., 1758, Systema naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, diVerentiis, synonymis, locis. Tomus I. Editio decima, reformata. Holmiae, Salvius, 824 pp." title="Systema naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, diVerentiis, synonymis, locis. Tomus I. Editio decima, reformata" type="book" year="1758">Linnaeus, 1758</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="248" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph blockId="1.[720,1201,524,1027]" box="[720,1121,524,547]" pageId="1" pageNumber="248">
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1758
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<taxonomicName authority="Linnaeus" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[780,1063,524,547]" class="Gastropoda" family="Turbinidae" genus="Turbo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trochida" pageId="1" pageNumber="248" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="duplicatus">
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<emphasis box="[780,956,524,547]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="248">Turbo duplicatus</emphasis>
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Linnaeus
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</taxonomicName>
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: 766.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="1.[720,1201,524,1027]" box="[720,1142,550,573]" pageId="1" pageNumber="248">
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1758
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<taxonomicName authority="Linnaeus" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[780,1085,550,573]" class="Gastropoda" family="Turbinidae" genus="Turbo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trochida" pageId="1" pageNumber="248" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="acutangulus">
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<emphasis box="[780,977,550,573]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="248">Turbo acutangulus</emphasis>
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Linnaeus
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</taxonomicName>
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: 766.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="1.[720,1201,524,1027]" box="[720,1116,577,600]" pageId="1" pageNumber="248">
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1758
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<taxonomicName authority="Linnaeus" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[780,1058,577,600]" class="Gastropoda" family="Turbinidae" genus="Turbo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trochida" pageId="1" pageNumber="248" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="replicatus">
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<emphasis box="[780,951,577,600]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="248">Turbo replicatus</emphasis>
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Linnaeus
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</taxonomicName>
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: 766.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="1.[720,1201,524,1027]" pageId="1" pageNumber="248">
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<treatmentCitationGroup pageId="1" pageNumber="248">
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1822
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<taxonomicName authority="(Linnaeus)" baseAuthorityName="LINNAEUS" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[778,1080,604,627]" class="Gastropoda" family="Turritellidae" genus="Turritella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="1" pageNumber="248" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="duplicata">
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<emphasis box="[778,964,604,627]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="248">Turritelladuplicata</emphasis>
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(Linnaeus)
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</taxonomicName>
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–
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<treatmentCitation pageId="1" pageNumber="248">Lamarck, 1822: 56.</treatmentCitation>
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="1.[720,1201,524,1027]" pageId="1" pageNumber="248">
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<treatmentCitationGroup pageId="1" pageNumber="248">
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1843
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<taxonomicName authority="" Lamarck" authorityName="Lamarck" baseAuthorityName="LINNAEUS" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[777,1068,657,680]" class="Gastropoda" family="Turritellidae" genus="Turritella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="1" pageNumber="248" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="duplicata">
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<emphasis box="[777,964,657,680]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="248">Turritelladuplicata</emphasis>
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“Lamarck
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</taxonomicName>
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” –
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<treatmentCitation pageId="1" pageNumber="248">Deshayes & Milne-Edwards, 1843: 251</treatmentCitation>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="1.[720,1201,524,1027]" pageId="1" pageNumber="248">
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<treatmentCitationGroup pageId="1" pageNumber="248">
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1847
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<taxonomicName authority="(Linnaeus)" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[779,1054,710,733]" class="Gastropoda" family="Turritellidae" genus="Zaria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="1" pageNumber="248" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="duplicata">
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<emphasis box="[779,935,710,733]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="248">Zaria duplicata</emphasis>
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(Linnaeus)
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</taxonomicName>
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–
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<treatmentCitation author="GRAY, J. E." page="155" pageId="1" pageNumber="248" year="1847">
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<bibRefCitation author="GRAY, J. E." firstAuthor="Gray" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London" page="155" pageId="1" pageNumber="248" pagination="129 - 219" part="15" refId="ref11983" refString="GRAY, J. E., 1847, A list of the genera of Recent Mollusca, their synonyma and types. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 15 (178): 129 - 219." title="A list of the genera of Recent Mollusca, their synonyma and types" type="journal article" year="1847">Gray, 1847: 155</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="1.[720,1201,524,1027]" pageId="1" pageNumber="248">
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<treatmentCitationGroup pageId="1" pageNumber="248">
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1849
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<taxonomicName authority="(Linnaeus)" baseAuthorityName="LINNAEUS" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[781,1096,764,787]" class="Gastropoda" family="Turritellidae" genus="Turritella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="1" pageNumber="248" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="duplicata">
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<emphasis box="[781,975,764,787]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="248">Turritelladuplicata</emphasis>
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(Linnaeus)
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</taxonomicName>
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–
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<treatmentCitation author="REEVE, L. A." page="571" pageId="1" pageNumber="248" year="1849">
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<bibRefCitation author="REEVE, L. A." bookContentInfo="644 pp." firstAuthor="Reeve" journalOrPublisher="Reeve Benham & Reeve, London" page="571" pageId="1" pageNumber="248" refId="ref13823" refString="REEVE, L. A., 1849, Conchologia iconica; or illustrations of the shells of molluscous animals. Vol. 5, Reeve Benham & Reeve, London, 644 pp." title="Conchologia iconica; or illustrations of the shells of molluscous animals" type="book" year="1849">Reeve, 1849: 571</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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, pl. 1, fig. 2.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="1.[720,1201,524,1027]" pageId="1" pageNumber="248">
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<treatmentCitationGroup pageId="1" pageNumber="248">
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1879
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<taxonomicName authority="" Lamarck" authorityName="Lamarck" baseAuthorityName="LINNAEUS" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[782,1090,817,840]" class="Gastropoda" family="Turritellidae" genus="Turritella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="1" pageNumber="248" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="duplicata">
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<emphasis box="[782,979,817,840]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="248">Turritelladuplicata</emphasis>
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“Lamarck
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</taxonomicName>
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” –
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<treatmentCitation author="MARTIN, K." page="69" pageId="1" pageNumber="248" year="1879">
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<bibRefCitation author="MARTIN, K." bookContentInfo="164 pp." firstAuthor="Martin" journalOrPublisher="E. J. Brill, Leiden" page="69" pageId="1" pageNumber="248" refId="ref13057" refString="MARTIN, K., 1879, Die Tertiarschichten auf Java. Nach den Entdeckungen von Fr. Junghuhn. Geologisches-Reichsmuseum. E. J. Brill, Leiden, 164 pp." title="Die Tertiarschichten auf Java. Nach den Entdeckungen von Fr. Junghuhn. Geologisches-Reichsmuseum" type="book" year="1879">Martin, 1879: 69</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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, pl. 11, fig. 13.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="1.[720,1201,524,1027]" pageId="1" pageNumber="248">
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<treatmentCitationGroup pageId="1" pageNumber="248">
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1883
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<taxonomicName authority="(Linnaeus)" baseAuthorityName="LINNAEUS" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[782,1179,869,893]" class="Gastropoda" family="Turritellidae" genus="Turritella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="1" pageNumber="248" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="duplicata" subGenus="Zaria">
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<emphasis box="[782,1057,869,893]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="248">Turritella (Zaria) duplicata</emphasis>
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(Linnaeus)
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</taxonomicName>
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–
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<treatmentCitation author="TRYON, G. W. JR" box="[780,965,897,920]" page="224" pageId="1" pageNumber="248" year="1883">
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<bibRefCitation author="TRYON, G. W. JR" bookContentInfo="430 pp." box="[780,965,897,920]" firstAuthor="Tryon" journalOrPublisher="Philadelphia" page="224" pageId="1" pageNumber="248" refId="ref14336" refString="TRYON, G. W. JR, 1883, Structural and systematic conchology: An introduction to the study of the Mollusca. Vol. 2. George Washington Tryon, Jr., Philadelphia, 430 pp." title="Structural and systematic conchology: An introduction to the study of the Mollusca. Vol. 2. George Washington Tryon, Jr" type="book" year="1883">Tryon, 1883: 224</bibRefCitation>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
, pl. 67, fig. 59.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="1.[720,1201,524,1027]" pageId="1" pageNumber="248">
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||
<treatmentCitationGroup pageId="1" pageNumber="248">
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1957
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<taxonomicName authority="(Linnaeus)" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[784,1071,924,947]" class="Gastropoda" family="Turritellidae" genus="Zaria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="1" pageNumber="248" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="duplicata">
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<emphasis box="[784,946,924,947]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="248">Zaria duplicata</emphasis>
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||
(Linnaeus)
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</taxonomicName>
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||
–
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<treatmentCitation author="MARWICK, J." page="165" pageId="1" pageNumber="248" year="1957">
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<bibRefCitation author="MARWICK, J." firstAuthor="Marwick" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Malacological Society of London" page="165" pageId="1" pageNumber="248" pagination="144 - 166" part="32" refId="ref13090" refString="MARWICK, J., 1957, Generic revision of Turritel- lidae. Proceedings of the Malacological Society of London, 32: 144 - 166." title="Generic revision of Turritel- lidae" type="journal article" year="1957">Marwick, 1957: 165</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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, figs. 40, 47.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="1.[720,1201,524,1027]" pageId="1" pageNumber="248">
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<treatmentCitationGroup pageId="1" pageNumber="248">
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||
2009
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<taxonomicName authority="(Linnaeus)" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[778,1053,977,1000]" class="Gastropoda" family="Turritellidae" genus="Zaria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="1" pageNumber="248" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="duplicata">
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||
<emphasis box="[778,934,977,1000]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="248">Zaria duplicata</emphasis>
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||
(Linnaeus)
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
–
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<treatmentCitation author="HARZHAUSER, M. & M. EUTER & W. E. PILLER & B. BERNING & A. KROH & O. MANDIC" page="343" pageId="1" pageNumber="248" year="2009">
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||
<bibRefCitation author="HARZHAUSER, M. & M. EUTER & W. E. PILLER & B. BERNING & A. KROH & O. MANDIC" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Harzhauser" journalOrPublisher="Palaontologische Zeitschrift" page="343" pageId="1" pageNumber="248" pagination="333 - 372" part="83" refId="ref12064" refString="HARZHAUSER, M., M. EUTER, W. E. PILLER, B. BERNING, A. KROH & O. MANDIC, 2009, Oligocene and Early Miocene gastropods from Kutch (NW India) document an early biogeographic switch from Western Tethys to Indo-Pacific. Palaontologische Zeitschrift, 83: 333 - 372." title="Oligocene and Early Miocene gastropods from Kutch (NW India) document an early biogeographic switch from Western Tethys to Indo-Pacific" type="journal article" year="2009">Harzhauser etal., 2009: 343</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6818521" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6818521" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6818521/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="248" startId="1.[192,233,1597,1620]" targetBox="[192,1200,1084,1553]" targetPageId="1">
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||
<paragraph blockId="1.[192,1200,1597,1711]" pageId="1" pageNumber="248">
|
||
FIG. 1. Map of the study area depicting the Nopparat Thara tidal flat and its position on the Andaman Sea coast. (1) Beach, (2) Near shore or ocypode zone, (3) Intermediate zone, (4) Turritellid zone, (5) Firmground zone; a–c refer to the positions of the transects described in Fig. 3; D1–D4 refer to the positions of the excavations on the tidal flat (Modified from
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="WAITE, R. & A. STRASSER" box="[794,1030,1665,1688]" firstAuthor="Waite" journalOrPublisher="Facies" pageId="1" pageNumber="248" pagination="223 - 248" part="57" refId="ref14824" refString="WAITE, R. & A. STRASSER, 2011, A comparison of recent and fossil large, high-spired gastropods and their environments. The Nopparat Thara tidal flat in Krabi, South Thailand versus the Swiss Kimmeridgian carbonate platform. Facies, 57: 223 - 248." title="A comparison of recent and fossil large, high-spired gastropods and their environments. The Nopparat Thara tidal flat in Krabi, South Thailand versus the Swiss Kimmeridgian carbonate platform" type="journal article" year="2011">Waite & Strasser, 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 226, fig. 1, © Springer-Verlag 2010; with kind permission from Springer Science & Business Media B. V.).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="249" type="multiple">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="2.[237,627,230,280]" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">
|
||
<heading allCaps="true" centered="true" fontSize="9" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="249" reason="5">DESCRIPTION AND GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="249" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="2.[192,312,310,333]" box="[192,312,310,333]" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">Description</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="2.[192,673,364,653]" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">
|
||
<emphasis box="[211,422,364,387]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="LINNAEUS" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[211,418,364,387]" class="Gastropoda" family="Turritellidae" genus="Turritella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="2" pageNumber="249" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="duplicata">Turritella duplicata</taxonomicName>
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||
,
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||
</emphasis>
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||
the two-keeled screw shell, for full descriptions of the shell, see
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="REEVE, L. A." bookContentInfo="644 pp." box="[192,337,417,440]" firstAuthor="Reeve" journalOrPublisher="Reeve Benham & Reeve, London" pageId="2" pageNumber="249" refId="ref13823" refString="REEVE, L. A., 1849, Conchologia iconica; or illustrations of the shells of molluscous animals. Vol. 5, Reeve Benham & Reeve, London, 644 pp." title="Conchologia iconica; or illustrations of the shells of molluscous animals" type="book" year="1849">Reeve (1849)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="KIENER, L. C. & P. FISCHER" bookContentInfo="232 pp." box="[391,539,417,440]" editor="L. C. KIENER & P. FISCHER" firstAuthor="Kiener" journalOrPublisher="J. - B. Bailliere & Fils, Paris" pageId="2" pageNumber="249" pagination="1 - 86" refId="ref12440" refString="KIENER, L. C. & P. FISCHER, 1873, Genre Turritelle. (Turritella, LAMK). Pp. 1 - 86, in: L. C. KIENER & P. FISCHER, eds., Species general et iconographie des coquilles vivantes comprenant la collection du Museum d'Histoire Naturelle de Paris: la collection Lamarck, celle du Prince Massena (appartenant maintenant a M. B. Delessert) et les decouvertes recentes des voyageurs: Famille des turbinacees. J. - B. Bailliere & Fils, Paris, 232 pp." title="Genre Turritelle. (Turritella, LAMK)." type="book chapter" volumeTitle="Species general et iconographie des coquilles vivantes comprenant la collection du Museum d'Histoire Naturelle de Paris: la collection Lamarck, celle du Prince Massena (appartenant maintenant a M. B. Delessert) et les decouvertes recentes des voyageurs: Famille des turbinacees." year="1873">Kiener (1873)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="2.[192,673,364,653]" lastBlockId="2.[720,1201,230,493]" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">
|
||
Shells can reach at least
|
||
<quantity box="[484,572,444,467]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="2" pageNumber="249" unit="mm" value="160.0">160 mm</quantity>
|
||
in length and about
|
||
<quantity box="[311,387,470,493]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="249" unit="mm" value="40.0">40 mm</quantity>
|
||
in basal diameter, with at least 25 whorls. Our observations on the soft part anatomy confirm the description provided by
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="ALLMON, W. D." box="[221,363,550,573]" firstAuthor="Allmon" journalOrPublisher="Malacologia" pageId="2" pageNumber="249" pagination="159 - 202" part="54" refId="ref10793" refString="ALLMON, W. D., 2011, Natural history of turritelline gastropods (Cerithioidea: Turritellidae): a status report. Malacologia, 54: 159 - 202." title="Natural history of turritelline gastropods (Cerithioidea: Turritellidae): a status report" type="journal article" year="2011">Allmon (2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 2), and the illustrations of
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="KIENER, L. C. & P. FISCHER" bookContentInfo="232 pp." box="[192,342,577,600]" editor="L. C. KIENER & P. FISCHER" firstAuthor="Kiener" journalOrPublisher="J. - B. Bailliere & Fils, Paris" pageId="2" pageNumber="249" pagination="1 - 86" refId="ref12440" refString="KIENER, L. C. & P. FISCHER, 1873, Genre Turritelle. (Turritella, LAMK). Pp. 1 - 86, in: L. C. KIENER & P. FISCHER, eds., Species general et iconographie des coquilles vivantes comprenant la collection du Museum d'Histoire Naturelle de Paris: la collection Lamarck, celle du Prince Massena (appartenant maintenant a M. B. Delessert) et les decouvertes recentes des voyageurs: Famille des turbinacees. J. - B. Bailliere & Fils, Paris, 232 pp." title="Genre Turritelle. (Turritella, LAMK)." type="book chapter" volumeTitle="Species general et iconographie des coquilles vivantes comprenant la collection du Museum d'Histoire Naturelle de Paris: la collection Lamarck, celle du Prince Massena (appartenant maintenant a M. B. Delessert) et les decouvertes recentes des voyageurs: Famille des turbinacees." year="1873">Kiener (1873)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, reproduced here in
|
||
<figureCitation box="[565,669,577,600]" captionStart="FIGS" captionStartId="2.[192,249,1570,1593]" captionTargetBox="[197,1200,710,1533]" captionTargetId="figure-291@2.[192,1200,710,1533]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGS. 2–6. Anatomical features of T. duplicata. FIG. 2. Underwater photograph of T. duplicata burying itself. Visible elements of soft part anatomy include: a = outer rim of papillae, b = tentacle with eye, c = snout, d = food groove; FIGS. 3, 4: Sketches of shells of T. duplicata copied from Kiener (1873); FIG. 5: Sketch of the corresponding operculum to the specimen figured in Fig. 4; FIG. 6: Sketch of hard- and soft part anatomy of T. duplicata: a = outer rim of papillae, b = tentacle with eye, c = snout, d = food groove." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6818523" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6818523/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">Figs. 2–6</figureCitation>
|
||
. The head-foot has a short, wide snout, and a pair of long cephalic tentacles, each with an eye situated near the base. The foot itself is relatively small, with a ciliated groove on the right side. The aperture is fringed by two rows of non-branching papillae or tentacles, which prevent the entrance of large particles. The operculum is small, permitting the animal to retreat into the shell far enough to vacate the lowest two whorls. Ratios between the diameters of opercula and the respective shell apertures range between 1.8 and 2.3.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="250" pageId="2" pageNumber="249" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="2.[720,971,523,547]" box="[720,971,523,547]" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">Geographic Distribution</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="2.[720,1200,577,653]" lastBlockId="3.[192,674,230,333]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="250" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">
|
||
Indo-West Pacific: from Madagascar to Indonesia; north to the Gujarat coast of India and the Philippines and south to northern Queensland (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="POUTIERS, J. M." bookContentInfo="686 pp." box="[334,494,230,253]" editor="K. E. CARPENTER & V. H. NIEM" firstAuthor="Poutiers" journalOrPublisher="Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome" pageId="3" pageNumber="250" pagination="363 - 648" refId="ref13596" refString="POUTIERS, J. M., 1998, Gastropods. Pp. 363 - 648, in: K. E. CARPENTER & V. H. NIEM, eds., FAO species identification guide for fishery purposes, The living resources of the western central Pacific. Volume 1. Seaweeds, corals, bivalves and gastropods. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, 686 pp." title="Gastropods. Pp" type="book chapter" volumeTitle="FAO species identification guide for fishery purposes, The living resources of the western central Pacific. Volume 1. Seaweeds, corals, bivalves and gastropods" year="1998">Poutiers, 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="SARAVANAKUMAR, A. & J. SESH SEREBIAH & G. THIVAKARAN & M. RAJKUMAR" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Saravanakumar" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Ocean University of China (English Ed.)" pageId="3" pageNumber="250" pagination="303 - 309" part="6" refId="ref13906" refString="SARAVANAKUMAR, A., J. SESH SEREBIAH, G. THIVAKARAN & M. RAJKUMAR, 2007, Benthic macrofaunal assemblage in the arid zone mangroves of Gulf of Kachchh-Gujarat. Journal of Ocean University of China (English Ed.), 6: 303 - 309." title="Benthic macrofaunal assemblage in the arid zone mangroves of Gulf of Kachchh-Gujarat" type="journal article" year="2007">Saravanakumar et al., 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<figureCitation box="[335,403,257,280]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="3.[192,233,1610,1633]" captionTargetBox="[192,1200,1034,1566]" captionTargetId="figure-412@3.[192,1200,1034,1566]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIG. 7. Known distribution of T. duplicata (hatched area) modified form Poutiers (1998) (Caramagna, 1875; Sundaram et al., 1969; Purchon & Purchon, 1981; Rajagopal et al., 1990; Saravanakumar et al., 2007)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6818525" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6818525/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
). It is known to occur in intertidal waters but maximum depth range is unknown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6818523" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6818523" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6818523/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="249" startId="2.[192,249,1570,1593]" targetBox="[197,1200,710,1533]" targetPageId="2">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="2.[192,1201,1570,1707]" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">
|
||
FIGS. 2–6. Anatomical features of
|
||
<emphasis box="[536,658,1571,1594]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="LINNAEUS" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[536,654,1571,1594]" class="Gastropoda" family="Turritellidae" genus="Turritella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="2" pageNumber="249" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="duplicata">T. duplicata</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
FIG. 2. Underwater photograph of
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="LINNAEUS" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[1005,1120,1571,1594]" class="Gastropoda" family="Turritellidae" genus="Turritella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="2" pageNumber="249" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="duplicata">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1005,1120,1571,1594]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">T. duplicata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
burying itself. Visible elements of soft part anatomy include: a = outer rim of papillae, b = tentacle with eye, c = snout, d = food groove; FIGS. 3, 4: Sketches of shells of
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="LINNAEUS" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[807,923,1616,1639]" class="Gastropoda" family="Turritellidae" genus="Turritella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="2" pageNumber="249" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="duplicata">
|
||
<emphasis box="[807,923,1616,1639]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">T. duplicata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
copied from
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="KIENER, L. C. & P. FISCHER" bookContentInfo="232 pp." box="[1056,1197,1616,1639]" editor="L. C. KIENER & P. FISCHER" firstAuthor="Kiener" journalOrPublisher="J. - B. Bailliere & Fils, Paris" pageId="2" pageNumber="249" pagination="1 - 86" refId="ref12440" refString="KIENER, L. C. & P. FISCHER, 1873, Genre Turritelle. (Turritella, LAMK). Pp. 1 - 86, in: L. C. KIENER & P. FISCHER, eds., Species general et iconographie des coquilles vivantes comprenant la collection du Museum d'Histoire Naturelle de Paris: la collection Lamarck, celle du Prince Massena (appartenant maintenant a M. B. Delessert) et les decouvertes recentes des voyageurs: Famille des turbinacees. J. - B. Bailliere & Fils, Paris, 232 pp." title="Genre Turritelle. (Turritella, LAMK)." type="book chapter" volumeTitle="Species general et iconographie des coquilles vivantes comprenant la collection du Museum d'Histoire Naturelle de Paris: la collection Lamarck, celle du Prince Massena (appartenant maintenant a M. B. Delessert) et les decouvertes recentes des voyageurs: Famille des turbinacees." year="1873">Kiener (1873)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; FIG. 5: Sketch of the corresponding operculum to the specimen figured in Fig. 4; FIG. 6: Sketch of hard- and soft part anatomy of
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="LINNAEUS" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[502,618,1661,1684]" class="Gastropoda" family="Turritellidae" genus="Turritella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="2" pageNumber="249" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="duplicata">
|
||
<emphasis box="[502,618,1661,1684]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="249">T. duplicata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: a = outer rim of papillae, b = tentacle with eye, c = snout, d = food groove.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="3.[192,417,364,387]" box="[192,417,364,387]" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">Temporal Distribution</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="3.[192,674,417,573]" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">
|
||
It was reported from the Upper Miocene (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="MARTIN, K." bookContentInfo="164 pp." box="[198,340,444,467]" firstAuthor="Martin" journalOrPublisher="E. J. Brill, Leiden" pageId="3" pageNumber="250" refId="ref13057" refString="MARTIN, K., 1879, Die Tertiarschichten auf Java. Nach den Entdeckungen von Fr. Junghuhn. Geologisches-Reichsmuseum. E. J. Brill, Leiden, 164 pp." title="Die Tertiarschichten auf Java. Nach den Entdeckungen von Fr. Junghuhn. Geologisches-Reichsmuseum" type="book" year="1879">Martin, 1879</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), where it was only known from one fossil locality on
|
||
<collectingRegion box="[414,469,470,493]" country="Indonesia" name="Jawa Timur" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">Java</collectingRegion>
|
||
. According to
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="HOEK OSTENDE, L. W. VAN DEN & J. LELOUX & F. P. WESSELINGH & C. F. WINKLER-PRINS" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Hoek Ostende" journalOrPublisher="Nationaal Natuurhistorisch Museum Technical Bulletin" pageId="3" pageNumber="250" pagination="1 - 130" part="5" refId="ref12202" refString="HOEK OSTENDE, L. W. VAN DEN, J. LELOUX, F. P. WESSELINGH & C. F. WINKLER-PRINS, 2002, Cenozoic Molluscan types from Java (Indonesia) in the Martin Collection (Division of Cenozoic Mollusca), National Museum of Natural History, Leiden. Nationaal Natuurhistorisch Museum Technical Bulletin, 5: 1 - 130." title="Cenozoic Molluscan types from Java (Indonesia) in the Martin Collection (Division of Cenozoic Mollusca), National Museum of Natural History, Leiden" type="journal article" year="2002">Hoek Ostende et al. (2002)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, however, that is a misidentification. There is no other published fossil record.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="3.[192,673,603,653]" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">Geographical and Geological Setting of the Nopparat Thara Tidal Flat</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="250" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="3.[192,674,684,973]" lastBlockId="3.[719,1201,230,973]" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">
|
||
The Nopparat Tharabeach is situated onthe Phang Nga Bay coast and forms the extension of the Ao Nang beach. It lies west of Ao Nang in the district of Krabi, southern Thailand (
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="1.[192,233,1597,1620]" captionTargetBox="[192,1200,1084,1553]" captionTargetId="figure-448@1.[192,1200,1084,1553]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIG. 1. Map of the study area depicting the Nopparat Thara tidal flat and its position on the Andaman Sea coast. (1) Beach, (2) Near shore or ocypode zone, (3) Intermediate zone, (4) Turritellid zone, (5) Firmground zone; a–c refer to the positions of the transects described in Fig. 3; D1–D4 refer to the positions of the excavations on the tidal flat (Modified from Waite & Strasser, 2011, p. 226, fig. 1, © Springer-Verlag 2010; with kind permission from Springer Science & Business Media B. V.)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6818521" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6818521/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
). Along the Phang Nga coast, sand flats and mud flats alternate with steep cliffs, the mud flats predominantly facing east and the sand flats west. The region’s climateis dominated by the reversing monsoon, which is responsible for a rainy season and south-westerly winds from April to October and a cooler dry season with north-easterly winds from November until March. Rainfall averages around
|
||
<quantity box="[1101,1192,257,280]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="250" unit="mm" value="300.0">300 mm</quantity>
|
||
/ month in the wet season and
|
||
<quantity box="[1050,1126,284,307]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="250" unit="mm" value="50.0">50 mm</quantity>
|
||
/month in the dry season. Sea surface temperatures range from 27–31°C and salinities are generally between 32 and 33‰ (Tudhope & Scofin, 1994).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="3.[719,1201,230,973]" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">
|
||
The Nopparat Thara beach is separated from the Ao Nang beach by a small cliff that defines the eastern end of the studied tidal flat (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[768,831,497,520]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="1.[192,233,1597,1620]" captionTargetBox="[192,1200,1084,1553]" captionTargetId="figure-448@1.[192,1200,1084,1553]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIG. 1. Map of the study area depicting the Nopparat Thara tidal flat and its position on the Andaman Sea coast. (1) Beach, (2) Near shore or ocypode zone, (3) Intermediate zone, (4) Turritellid zone, (5) Firmground zone; a–c refer to the positions of the transects described in Fig. 3; D1–D4 refer to the positions of the excavations on the tidal flat (Modified from Waite & Strasser, 2011, p. 226, fig. 1, © Springer-Verlag 2010; with kind permission from Springer Science & Business Media B. V.)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6818521" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6818521/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
). The western termination of the tidal flat is an estuary that drains a low-lying swamp area, and forms a busy harbour for long-tail and tourist boats. Tides are semidiurnaland tidalrange during the study period varied between about
|
||
<quantity box="[962,1024,630,653]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2" pageId="3" pageNumber="250" unit="m" value="3.2">3.2 m</quantity>
|
||
at spring tide to about 1.0 m at neap tide. Winds during the surveyingperiod were weak, but consistently from the southeast. In the east, the beach is relatively narrow (~
|
||
<quantity box="[932,993,737,760]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="3" pageNumber="250" unit="m" value="15.0">15 m</quantity>
|
||
wide) and the flat is steep, so during low tide a rather narrow expanse of tidal flat is exposed. The beach is narrowest in the central part and then broadens out towards the west. A sand-spit is formed at the estuary mouth due to longshore currents and sediment transport (
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="1.[192,233,1597,1620]" captionTargetBox="[192,1200,1084,1553]" captionTargetId="figure-448@1.[192,1200,1084,1553]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIG. 1. Map of the study area depicting the Nopparat Thara tidal flat and its position on the Andaman Sea coast. (1) Beach, (2) Near shore or ocypode zone, (3) Intermediate zone, (4) Turritellid zone, (5) Firmground zone; a–c refer to the positions of the transects described in Fig. 3; D1–D4 refer to the positions of the excavations on the tidal flat (Modified from Waite & Strasser, 2011, p. 226, fig. 1, © Springer-Verlag 2010; with kind permission from Springer Science & Business Media B. V.)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6818521" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6818521/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="250">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
). Here, a broad expanse of the flat is ex- posed at low tide.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |