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<document id="1C39AC287C60CC8E37962A90F82995C0" ID-CLB-Dataset="29983" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4425.3.10" ID-GBIF-Dataset="3d70e9dc-3040-486d-8389-ba76f32d8886" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1270717" ID-ZooBank="EB11C783-6766-4C40-AEB6-F95F7E2C2162" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1528145729241" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Babenko, Anatoly &amp; Nakamori, Taizo" docDate="2018" docId="984587CDFF88FF9BFF1EFA7B7A8FC5B9" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4425.3.10.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4425 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Anurida abashiriensis Babenko &amp; Nakamori 2018, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="11" lastPageNumber="580" masterDocId="647CFFB5FF8AFF9EFF89FFF47856C54D" masterDocTitle="Two new littoral species of the genus Anurida Laboulbène, 1865 (Collembola, Neanuridae) from the Pacific coast of Asia" masterLastPageNumber="581" masterPageNumber="575" pageNumber="577" updateTime="1732790209426" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="D18D3426F718B11C5B9A93D87193BBEB">Two new littoral species of the genus Anurida Laboulbène, 1865 (Collembola, Neanuridae) from the Pacific coast of Asia</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="C6A80FBECB5E4084E24A4920D0376242" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="1CA7D76239E2843381A7D8242F679F3B">Babenko, Anatoly</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="F0534765BBE9C5A1E9F8E81F3C911F12">Nakamori, Taizo</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="8BA56154F4879BCB58DEB5DB9A1A7317">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="33899D31A9725CD53400C0129DD506BE">2018</mods:date>
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<treatment id="984587CDFF88FF9BFF1EFA7B7A8FC5B9" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5968659" ID-GBIF-Taxon="144235660" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5968659" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:984587CDFF88FF9BFF1EFA7B7A8FC5B9" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/984587CDFF88FF9BFF1EFA7B7A8FC5B9" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="580" pageId="2" pageNumber="577" scope_class="Collembola" scope_family="Neanuridae">
<subSubSection id="58F66550FF88FF9CFF1EFA7B7AF1C0E7" box="[151,679,1423,1450]" pageId="2" pageNumber="577" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="105336DBFF88FF9CFF1EFA7B7AF1C0E7" blockId="2.[151,1436,1423,2036]" box="[151,679,1423,1450]" pageId="2" pageNumber="577">
<heading id="4B1B81B7FF88FF9CFF1EFA7B7AF1C0E7" bold="true" box="[151,679,1423,1450]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="577" reason="1">
<emphasis id="2298EAC9FF88FF9CFF1EFA7B7AF1C0E7" bold="true" box="[151,679,1423,1450]" pageId="2" pageNumber="577">
<taxonomicName id="D7EC4D58FF88FF9CFF1EFA7B79F4C0E4" ID-CoL="F56D" authority="Babenko &amp; Nakamori, 2018" authorityName="Babenko &amp; Nakamori" authorityYear="2018" box="[151,418,1423,1449]" class="Collembola" family="Neanuridae" genus="Anurida" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poduromorpha" pageId="2" pageNumber="577" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="abashiriensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="2298EAC9FF88FF9CFF1EFA7B79F4C0E4" bold="true" box="[151,418,1423,1449]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="577">Anurida abashiriensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="39AB57B2FF88FF9CFE23FA647A5EC0E7" box="[426,520,1424,1450]" pageId="2" pageNumber="577" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(
<figureCitation id="88D72A5EFF88FF9CFD9EFA647AC9C0E7" box="[535,671,1424,1450]" captionStart="FIGURES 1219" captionStartId="4.[151,258,1935,1957]" captionTargetBox="[198,1406,243,1894]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,191,1914]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 1219. Anurida abashiriensis sp. nov.: 12, chaetotaxy of head and thorax; 13, chaetotaxy of abdomen; 14, setae of p-row on Abd.5; 15, Ant.34, dorso-lateral view; 16, mandible; 17, maxilla, inner side; 18, ibid, ventral side; 19, distal part of leg 3. Ccapitulum of maxilla. Scales: Figs 1213—0.1 mm, 1419—0.01 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1270721/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="577">Figs 1219</figureCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="58F66550FF88FF9CFF1EFA467B49C37C" pageId="2" pageNumber="577" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="105336DBFF88FF9CFF1EFA467B49C37C" blockId="2.[151,1436,1423,2036]" pageId="2" pageNumber="577">
<emphasis id="2298EAC9FF88FF9CFF1EFA46795AC084" bold="true" box="[151,268,1458,1481]" pageId="2" pageNumber="577">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Blind species of genus
<taxonomicName id="D7EC4D58FF88FF9CFD8EFA457A09C084" box="[519,607,1457,1481]" class="Collembola" family="Neanuridae" genus="Anurida" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poduromorpha" pageId="2" pageNumber="577" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="2298EAC9FF88FF9CFD8EFA457A09C084" box="[519,607,1457,1481]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="577">Anurida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
characterized by presence of six blunt sensilla on Ant.4 (S1S4, S8S9), oval PAO with about 1517 lobes, unique mandibles with three intermediate rows of long thin filaments between apical and basal teeth, elongate maxilla with all three lamellae reaching well beyond tip of capitulum, Th.23 with p2-seta set posterior to p1 and complete absence of m-setae on all terga.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="58F66550FF88FF9CFF4EF9C979B8C3F1" pageId="2" pageNumber="577" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="105336DBFF88FF9CFF4EF9C979B8C3F1" blockId="2.[151,1436,1423,2036]" pageId="2" pageNumber="577">
<materialsCitation id="A0843C86FF88FF9CFF4EF9C97D5FC33A" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1848254017" collectingDate="2016-08-18" collectionCode="MSPU" collectorName="Potapov &amp; N. Kuznetsova" country="Japan" latitude="43.9942" location="Abashiri" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="144.2961" pageId="2" pageNumber="577" specimenCount="2" stateProvince="Hokkaido" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="2298EAC9FF88FF9CFF4EF9C97922C319" bold="true" box="[199,372,1597,1620]" pageId="2" pageNumber="577">
<typeStatus id="CF578879FF88FF9CFF4EF9C978A9C319" box="[199,255,1597,1620]" pageId="2" pageNumber="577">Type</typeStatus>
material.
</emphasis>
<typeStatus id="CF578879FF88FF9CFE0BF9C979B3C319" box="[386,485,1597,1620]" pageId="2" pageNumber="577" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
(male) on slide,
<collectingCountry id="68FB764BFF88FF9CFD3FF9C97AA0C319" box="[694,758,1597,1620]" name="Japan" pageId="2" pageNumber="577">Japan</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="D228F839FF88FF9CFC81F9C97B27C319" box="[776,881,1597,1620]" country="Japan" name="Hokkaido" pageId="2" pageNumber="577">Hokkaido</collectingRegion>
Island, seashore E of
<location id="15336000FF88FF9CFB08F9C97C8AC319" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:984587CDFF88FF9BFF1EFA7B7A8FC5B9:15336000FF88FF9CFB08F9C97C8AC319" box="[1153,1244,1597,1620]" country="Japan" latitude="43.9942" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="144.2961" name="Abashiri" pageId="2" pageNumber="577" stateProvince="Hokkaido">Abashiri</location>
[
<geoCoordinate id="75D8501CFF88FF9CFB78F9C97D2FC319" box="[1265,1401,1597,1620]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="577" precision="5" value="43.9942">N 43.9942°</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="75D8501CFF88FF9CFA02F9C9795CC33A" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="577" precision="5" value="144.2961">E 144.2961°</geoCoordinate>
], sandy/shingly beach (floatation),
<date id="6452101BFF88FF9CFD07F9947B4EC33A" box="[654,792,1632,1655]" pageId="2" pageNumber="577" value="2016-08-18">
<collectingDate id="7416E9F3FF88FF9CFD07F9947B4EC33A" box="[654,792,1632,1655]" pageId="2" pageNumber="577" value="2016-08-18">18 viii 2016</collectingDate>
</date>
, M.
<collectorName id="BD19530DFF88FF9CFCC7F9947BF0C33A" box="[846,934,1632,1655]" pageId="2" pageNumber="577">Potapov</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="BD19530DFF88FF9CFC47F9947C26C33A" box="[974,1136,1632,1655]" pageId="2" pageNumber="577">N. Kuznetsova</collectorName>
leg. (
<collectionCode id="76FDAE1EFF88FF9CFB3BF9947D57C33A" box="[1202,1281,1632,1655]" pageId="2" pageNumber="577">MSPU</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="A0843C86FF88FF9CFA9FF9947B1EC3D4" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1848254107" collectingDate="2016-08-18" collectionCode="MSPU" collectorName="Potapov &amp; N. Kuznetsova" country="Japan" latitude="43.9942" location="Abashiri" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="144.2961" pageId="2" pageNumber="577" specimenCount="15" specimenCount-female="3" specimenCount-juvenile="6" specimenCount-male="6" stateProvince="Hokkaido" typeStatus="paratype">
<typeStatus id="CF578879FF88FF9CFA9FF9947DD6C33A" box="[1302,1408,1632,1655]" pageId="2" pageNumber="577" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
,
<specimenCount id="06EAFD52FF88FF9CFA07F99478BBC3D4" pageId="2" pageNumber="577" type="female">3 females</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="06EAFD52FF88FF9CFF7FF976791EC3D4" box="[246,328,1666,1689]" pageId="2" pageNumber="577" type="male">6 males</specimenCount>
and
<specimenCount id="06EAFD52FF88FF9CFEF3F97679A7C3D4" box="[378,497,1666,1689]" pageId="2" pageNumber="577" type="juvenile">6 juveniles</specimenCount>
, same data as holotype (
<collectionCode id="76FDAE1EFF88FF9CFD78F9767B69C3D4" box="[753,831,1666,1689]" pageId="2" pageNumber="577">MSPU</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="A0843C86FF88FF9CFCD8F97679B8C3F1" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1848254106" collectingDate="2017-08-31" collectionCode="TRPM" collectorName="T. Nakamori" country="Japan" latitude="43.9942" location="Abashiri" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="144.2961" pageId="2" pageNumber="577" specimenCount="4" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="3" stateProvince="Hokkaido" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="06EAFD52FF88FF9CFCD8F9767BFBC3D4" box="[849,941,1666,1689]" pageId="2" pageNumber="577" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
and
<specimenCount id="06EAFD52FF88FF9CFC69F9767C62C3D4" box="[992,1076,1666,1689]" pageId="2" pageNumber="577" type="male">3 males</specimenCount>
, same locality as holotype,
<date id="6452101BFF88FF9CFADEF9767899C3F1" pageId="2" pageNumber="577" value="2017-08-31">
<collectingDate id="7416E9F3FF88FF9CFADEF9767899C3F1" pageId="2" pageNumber="577" value="2017-08-31">31 viii 2017</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="BD19530DFF88FF9CFF50F9517936C3F1" box="[217,352,1701,1724]" pageId="2" pageNumber="577">T. Nakamori</collectorName>
leg. (
<collectionCode id="76FDAE1EFF88FF9CFE12F95179B1C3F1" box="[411,487,1701,1724]" country="Japan" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15811" name="Tottori Prefectural Museum" pageId="2" pageNumber="577">TRPM</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="58F66550FF88FF9DFF4EF93C7D2AC794" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="578" pageId="2" pageNumber="577" type="description">
<paragraph id="105336DBFF88FF9CFF4EF93C7AE7C269" blockId="2.[151,1436,1423,2036]" pageId="2" pageNumber="577">
<emphasis id="2298EAC9FF88FF9CFF4EF93C7904C392" bold="true" box="[199,338,1736,1759]" pageId="2" pageNumber="577">Description.</emphasis>
Length without antennae 1.31.7 mm, holotype—1.62 mm. Colour very bright with scarce grey pigment granules all over body. Body shape typical of genus, rather slender and elongate, Abd.6 rounded, not truncate. Integument granulation uniform and rather coarse.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="105336DBFF88FF9DFF4EF8C47C4DC59C" blockId="2.[151,1436,1423,2036]" lastBlockId="3.[151,1436,152,2012]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="578" pageId="2" pageNumber="577">
Ocelli absent. PAO elliptical consisting of about 1517 lobes. Antennae typical of genus, conical and clearly shorter than head. Ant.4 with 3-lobed apical bulb, six usual curved sensilla, subapical ms and organite present (
<figureCitation id="88D72A5EFF88FF9CFB66F8A67D69C224" box="[1263,1343,1874,1897]" captionStart="FIGURES 1219" captionStartId="4.[151,258,1935,1957]" captionTargetBox="[198,1406,243,1894]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,191,1914]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 1219. Anurida abashiriensis sp. nov.: 12, chaetotaxy of head and thorax; 13, chaetotaxy of abdomen; 14, setae of p-row on Abd.5; 15, Ant.34, dorso-lateral view; 16, mandible; 17, maxilla, inner side; 18, ibid, ventral side; 19, distal part of leg 3. Ccapitulum of maxilla. Scales: Figs 1213—0.1 mm, 1419—0.01 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1270721/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="577">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
). AO on Ant.3 typical, outer sensilla widely separated, small ms present ventrally. Ant.12 with 7 and 12 setae, respectively. Labral formula as 4/2-3-5-2, lateral pair of prelabral setae widely separated. Labium with 11 setae on each side including three setae on its apical part also armed with two small sensillar papillae. Mandibles very characteristic (
<figureCitation id="88D72A5EFF88FF9CFA85F84E7D0DC29C" box="[1292,1371,1978,2001]" captionStart="FIGURES 1219" captionStartId="4.[151,258,1935,1957]" captionTargetBox="[198,1406,243,1894]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,191,1914]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 1219. Anurida abashiriensis sp. nov.: 12, chaetotaxy of head and thorax; 13, chaetotaxy of abdomen; 14, setae of p-row on Abd.5; 15, Ant.34, dorso-lateral view; 16, mandible; 17, maxilla, inner side; 18, ibid, ventral side; 19, distal part of leg 3. Ccapitulum of maxilla. Scales: Figs 1213—0.1 mm, 1419—0.01 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1270721/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="577">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
) with strong apical and basal teeth and three intermediate oblique, transverse rows of long thin filaments. Maxillary capitulum with at least two small apical teeth on main part (hardly detectable) being covered by three lamellae with very long marginal filaments, all lamellae reaching well beyond tip of capitulum (
<figureCitation id="88D72A5EFF89FF9DFC1AFF4E7C59C59C" box="[915,1039,186,209]" captionStart="FIGURES 1219" captionStartId="4.[151,258,1935,1957]" captionTargetBox="[198,1406,243,1894]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,191,1914]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 1219. Anurida abashiriensis sp. nov.: 12, chaetotaxy of head and thorax; 13, chaetotaxy of abdomen; 14, setae of p-row on Abd.5; 15, Ant.34, dorso-lateral view; 16, mandible; 17, maxilla, inner side; 18, ibid, ventral side; 19, distal part of leg 3. Ccapitulum of maxilla. Scales: Figs 1213—0.1 mm, 1419—0.01 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1270721/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">Figs 1718</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="105336DBFF89FF9DFF4EFF297BA0C489" blockId="3.[151,1436,152,2012]" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">
Dorsal setae weakly differentiated, longer on abdominal tip, sensilla hardly distinguishable from ordinary setae (
<figureCitation id="88D72A5EFF89FF9DFAF9FF2978E3C45A" captionStart="FIGURES 1219" captionStartId="4.[151,258,1935,1957]" captionTargetBox="[198,1406,243,1894]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,191,1914]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 1219. Anurida abashiriensis sp. nov.: 12, chaetotaxy of head and thorax; 13, chaetotaxy of abdomen; 14, setae of p-row on Abd.5; 15, Ant.34, dorso-lateral view; 16, mandible; 17, maxilla, inner side; 18, ibid, ventral side; 19, distal part of leg 3. Ccapitulum of maxilla. Scales: Figs 1213—0.1 mm, 1419—0.01 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1270721/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
). Lateral microsensilla (ms) present only on Th.2. Main characteristics of dorsal chaetotaxy: tergum of Th.1 with at least 4 +4 setae, sometimes up to 6 setae on each side. Th.23 with setae p
<date id="6452101BFF89FF9DFC20FED67B8CC474" box="[937,986,290,313]" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">2 set</date>
posterior to p1 and rather close to midline (
<figureCitation id="88D72A5EFF89FF9DFF16FEB178BBC411" box="[159,237,325,348]" captionStart="FIGURES 1219" captionStartId="4.[151,258,1935,1957]" captionTargetBox="[198,1406,243,1894]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,191,1914]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 1219. Anurida abashiriensis sp. nov.: 12, chaetotaxy of head and thorax; 13, chaetotaxy of abdomen; 14, setae of p-row on Abd.5; 15, Ant.34, dorso-lateral view; 16, mandible; 17, maxilla, inner side; 18, ibid, ventral side; 19, distal part of leg 3. Ccapitulum of maxilla. Scales: Figs 1213—0.1 mm, 1419—0.01 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1270721/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">Fig. 12</figureCitation>
) given effect of 3+3 axial setae, m-row almost completely reduced on thorax (only lateral sensilla m6 present) and abdomen. Similar tendency of backward position of setae p2 also characteristic of some abdominal terga, especially of Abd.4 (
<figureCitation id="88D72A5EFF89FF9DFE98FE7E7930C4EC" box="[273,358,394,417]" captionStart="FIGURES 1219" captionStartId="4.[151,258,1935,1957]" captionTargetBox="[198,1406,243,1894]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,191,1914]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 1219. Anurida abashiriensis sp. nov.: 12, chaetotaxy of head and thorax; 13, chaetotaxy of abdomen; 14, setae of p-row on Abd.5; 15, Ant.34, dorso-lateral view; 16, mandible; 17, maxilla, inner side; 18, ibid, ventral side; 19, distal part of leg 3. Ccapitulum of maxilla. Scales: Figs 1213—0.1 mm, 1419—0.01 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1270721/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
). Thoracic sterna without setae. Ventral tube with 3+3 distal setae. Furca remnant as narrow, longitudinal area without secondary granulation in midsection of Abd.4 sternum.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="105336DBFF89FF9DFF4EFE247A3DC702" blockId="3.[151,1436,152,2012]" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">
Legs 13 chaetotaxy as following: upper subcoxae—1, 2, 2; lower subcoxae—0, 2, 2; coxae—3, 6(7), (7)8; trochanters—6, 6, 6; femora—13, 12(13), 11; tibiotarsi—19, 19, 18 setae, respectively. Tibiotarsal seta A1 longer than other setae of A-whorl, pointed (
<figureCitation id="88D72A5EFF89FF9DFE76FDE17A06C761" box="[511,592,533,556]" captionStart="FIGURES 1219" captionStartId="4.[151,258,1935,1957]" captionTargetBox="[198,1406,243,1894]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,191,1914]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 1219. Anurida abashiriensis sp. nov.: 12, chaetotaxy of head and thorax; 13, chaetotaxy of abdomen; 14, setae of p-row on Abd.5; 15, Ant.34, dorso-lateral view; 16, mandible; 17, maxilla, inner side; 18, ibid, ventral side; 19, distal part of leg 3. Ccapitulum of maxilla. Scales: Figs 1213—0.1 mm, 1419—0.01 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1270721/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">Fig. 19</figureCitation>
). Roundish cuticular papillae on outer side of subcoxae developed but rather small. Unguis without inner or lateral tooth.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="105336DBFF89FF9DFF4EFDAE7D2AC794" blockId="3.[151,1436,152,2012]" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">
<emphasis id="2298EAC9FF89FF9DFF4EFDAE79D2C73C" bold="true" box="[199,388,602,625]" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">DNA barcoding.</emphasis>
DNA sequences of partial regions of mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene, 16S ribosomal RNA gene, and nuclear 28S ribosomal RNA gene were determined as described in Potapov
<emphasis id="2298EAC9FF89FF9DFB68FD897D41C7D9" box="[1249,1303,636,660]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">et al.</emphasis>
(2017). The sequences obtained from two paratypes (TRPM-AAr-0000752 (male) and TRPM-AAr-0000754 (female), same locality as holotype,
<date id="6452101BFF89FF9DFE97FD3679F4C794" box="[286,418,706,729]" pageId="3" pageNumber="578" value="2017-08-31">31 viii 2017</date>
, T. Nakamori leg.) were submitted to GenBank under accession nos.
<accessionNumber id="0FBFAB38FF89FF9DFB0AFD367CA0C794" box="[1155,1270,706,729]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/LC372827" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">LC372827</accessionNumber>
<accessionNumber id="0FBFAB38FF89FF9DFA8DFD367D21C794" box="[1284,1399,706,729]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/LC372832" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">LC372832</accessionNumber>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="58F66550FF89FF9DFF4EFD117B20C3CC" pageId="3" pageNumber="578" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="105336DBFF89FF9DFF4EFD117C4EC7B1" blockId="3.[151,1436,152,2012]" box="[199,1048,741,764]" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">
<emphasis id="2298EAC9FF89FF9DFF4EFD117911C7B1" bold="true" box="[199,327,741,764]" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">Etymology.</emphasis>
Named after Abashiri, a city in close proximity to the
<typeStatus id="CF578879FF89FF9DFC07FD117BEAC7B1" box="[910,956,741,764]" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">type</typeStatus>
locality.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="105336DBFF89FF9DFF4EFCFC7D3AC15C" blockId="3.[151,1436,152,2012]" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">
<emphasis id="2298EAC9FF89FF9DFF4EFCFC7960C652" bold="true" box="[199,310,776,799]" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">Affinities.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="D7EC4D58FF89FF9DFEC9FCF379B8C652" authority="Babenko &amp; Nakamori, 2018" authorityName="Babenko &amp; Nakamori" authorityYear="2018" box="[320,494,775,799]" class="Collembola" family="Neanuridae" genus="Anurida" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poduromorpha" pageId="3" pageNumber="578" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="abashiriensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="2298EAC9FF89FF9DFEC9FCF37906C653" box="[320,336,775,798]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">A</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="2298EAC9FF89FF9DFEE9FCF379B8C652" box="[352,494,775,799]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">abashiriensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="39AB57B2FF89FF9DFE71FCFC7A06C652" box="[504,592,776,799]" pageId="3" pageNumber="578" rank="species">
<emphasis id="2298EAC9FF89FF9DFE71FCFC7A47C652" bold="true" box="[504,529,776,799]" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">sp</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="2298EAC9FF89FF9DFDA8FCFC7A1FC652" bold="true" box="[545,585,776,799]" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">nov</emphasis>
.
</taxonomicNameLabel>
is a very distinctive species and it can hardly be compared with any related collembolan species. Thus, maxillae with three serrated lamellae are highly common for the
<taxonomicName id="D7EC4D58FF89FF9DFB09FCDD7C81C60C" box="[1152,1239,809,833]" class="Collembola" family="Neanuridae" genus="Anurida" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poduromorpha" pageId="3" pageNumber="578" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="2298EAC9FF89FF9DFB09FCDD7C81C60C" box="[1152,1239,809,833]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">Anurida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
complex but only few known species, namely
<taxonomicName id="D7EC4D58FF89FF9DFE40FCB87B99C629" authority="Christiansen &amp; Bellinger, 1980" authorityName="Christiansen &amp; Bellinger" authorityYear="1980" box="[457,975,844,868]" class="Collembola" family="Neanuridae" genus="Anurida" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poduromorpha" pageId="3" pageNumber="578" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dentata">
<emphasis id="2298EAC9FF89FF9DFE40FCB87A2EC629" box="[457,632,844,868]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">Anurida dentata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="747D4B2AFF89FF9DFD09FCB97B99C629" box="[640,975,845,868]" pageId="3" pageNumber="578" refId="ref3856" refString="Christiansen, K. &amp; Bellinger, P. (1980 / 1981) The Collembola of North America north of the Rio Grande. Grinnell College, Grinnell, Iowa, 1321 pp." type="book">Christiansen &amp; Bellinger, 1980</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
[Midwestern
<collectingCountry id="68FB764BFF89FF9DFBEEFCB97CDBC629" box="[1127,1165,845,868]" name="United States of America" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">US</collectingCountry>
],
<taxonomicName id="D7EC4D58FF89FF9DFB29FCB97DCAC629" authority="Babenko, 1998" authorityName="Babenko" authorityYear="1998" box="[1184,1436,844,868]" class="Collembola" family="Neanuridae" genus="Anurida" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poduromorpha" pageId="3" pageNumber="578" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kaya">
<emphasis id="2298EAC9FF89FF9DFB29FCB97CA4C629" box="[1184,1266,844,868]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">A. kaya</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="747D4B2AFF89FF9DFB70FCB97DCAC629" box="[1273,1436,845,868]" pageId="3" pageNumber="578" refId="ref3561" refString="Babenko, A. B. (1998) New Palaearctic collembolan species of the genus Anurida (Collembola, Neanuridae). Zoologicheskii Zhurnal, 77 (6), 648 - 661. [in Russian]" type="journal article">Babenko, 1998</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
[the Caucasus] and
<taxonomicName id="D7EC4D58FF89FF9DFEE4FC9B7AA1C6CA" authority="(Bagnall, 1939)" authorityName="Bagnall" authorityYear="1939" baseAuthorityName="Bagnall" baseAuthorityYear="1939" box="[365,759,879,903]" class="Entognatha" family="Neanuridae" genus="Gastranurida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Collembola" pageId="3" pageNumber="578" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="denisi">
<emphasis id="2298EAC9FF89FF9DFEE4FC9B7A10C6CA" box="[365,582,879,903]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">Gastranurida denisi</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="747D4B2AFF89FF9DFDDFFC847AB9C6CA" box="[598,751,880,903]" pageId="3" pageNumber="578" refId="ref3710" refString="Bagnall, R. S. (1939) Notes on British Collembola. V. The Entomologist's Monthly Magazine, 75, 188 - 200." type="journal article">Bagnall, 1939</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
[Europe], possess elongate maxillary head with long, ciliated/ serrated lamellae, all passing well beyond its capitulum. None of these species is blind and has mandibles comparable with those of the new species. The second main diagnostic character of the new species is a unique shape of its mandibles, which however might be derived from both “dentate” mandibles typical of the genus
<taxonomicName id="D7EC4D58FF89FF9DFB24FC237D52C6A2" box="[1197,1284,983,1007]" class="Collembola" family="Neanuridae" genus="Anurida" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poduromorpha" pageId="3" pageNumber="578" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="2298EAC9FF89FF9DFB24FC237D52C6A2" box="[1197,1284,983,1007]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">Anurida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and “special” (both these term were used by
<bibRefCitation id="747D4B2AFF89FF9DFE57FC0E7AFDC15C" box="[478,683,1017,1041]" pageId="3" pageNumber="578" refId="ref4016" refString="Jordana, R., Bequero, E., Reboleira, S. &amp; Sendra, A. (2012) Reviews of the genera Schaefferia Absolon, 1900, Deuteraphorura Absolon, 1901, Plutomurus Yosii, 1956 and the Anurida Laboulbene, 1865 species group without eyes, with the description of four new species of cave springtails (Collembola) from Krubera-Voronya cave, Arabica Massif, Abkhazia. Terrestrial Arthropod Reviews, 5, 35 - 85. https: // doi. org / 10.1163 / 187498312 X 622430" type="journal article">
Jordana
<emphasis id="2298EAC9FF89FF9DFDBEFC0E7A30C15C" box="[567,614,1017,1041]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">et al</emphasis>
. 2012
</bibRefCitation>
) ones of Gas
<emphasis id="2298EAC9FF89FF9DFCBFFC0D7BCAC15C" box="[822,924,1017,1041]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">tranurida</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="747D4B2AFF89FF9DFC2AFC0E7C6EC15C" box="[931,1080,1018,1041]" pageId="3" pageNumber="578" refId="ref3737" refString="Bagnall, R. S. (1949) Notes on British Collembola. The Entomologist's Monthly Magazine, 85, 51 - 61." type="journal article">Bagnall, 1949</bibRefCitation>
or
<taxonomicName id="D7EC4D58FF89FF9DFBD5FC0D7D30C15C" authority="Willem, 1906" authorityName="Willem" authorityYear="1906" box="[1116,1382,1017,1041]" class="Collembola" family="Neanuridae" genus="Anuridella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poduromorpha" pageId="3" pageNumber="578" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="2298EAC9FF89FF9DFBD5FC0D7C98C15C" box="[1116,1230,1017,1041]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">Anuridella</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="747D4B2AFF89FF9DFB5CFC0E7D30C15C" box="[1237,1382,1018,1041]" pageId="3" pageNumber="578" refId="ref4534" refString="Willem, V. (1906) Un nouveau Collembole marin (Anuridella marina). Memoires de la Societe Entomologique de Belgique, 12, 247 - 252." type="journal article">Willem, 1906</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="105336DBFF89FF9DFF4EFBE97A99C1AC" blockId="3.[151,1436,152,2012]" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">
The only known species of the former monotypic genus can be easily distinguished from
<taxonomicName id="D7EC4D58FF89FF9DFB18FBE97D68C179" authority="Babenko &amp; Nakamori, 2018" authorityName="Babenko &amp; Nakamori" authorityYear="2018" box="[1169,1342,1052,1076]" class="Collembola" family="Neanuridae" genus="Anurida" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poduromorpha" pageId="3" pageNumber="578" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="abashiriensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="2298EAC9FF89FF9DFB18FBE97CF7C179" box="[1169,1185,1053,1076]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">A</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="2298EAC9FF89FF9DFB39FBE87D68C179" box="[1200,1342,1052,1076]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">abashiriensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="39AB57B2FF89FF9DFACFFBE97DCAC179" box="[1350,1436,1053,1076]" pageId="3" pageNumber="578" rank="species">
<emphasis id="2298EAC9FF89FF9DFACFFBE97D09C179" bold="true" box="[1350,1375,1053,1076]" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">sp</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="2298EAC9FF89FF9DFAE4FBE97DC3C179" bold="true" box="[1389,1429,1053,1076]" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">nov</emphasis>
.
</taxonomicNameLabel>
due to pronounced plurichaetosis and strong differentiation of dorsal setae. All members of
<taxonomicName id="D7EC4D58FF89FF9DFB18FBCB7D55C11A" authorityName="Willem" authorityYear="1906" box="[1169,1283,1087,1111]" class="Collembola" family="Neanuridae" genus="Anuridella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poduromorpha" pageId="3" pageNumber="578" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="2298EAC9FF89FF9DFB18FBCB7D55C11A" box="[1169,1283,1087,1111]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">Anuridella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have unusual slender body shape and peculiar thoracic chaetotaxy with p
<quantity id="D7149B3EFF89FF9DFCBCFB967B09C134" box="[821,863,1122,1145]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.54" pageId="3" pageNumber="578" unit="in" value="1.0">1 in</quantity>
forward position and p2 shifted closer to mid-line (
<bibRefCitation id="747D4B2AFF89FF9DFF17FB717913C1D1" box="[158,325,1157,1180]" pageId="3" pageNumber="578" refId="ref3967" refString="Fjellberg, A. (1998). The Collembola of Fennoscandia and Denmark. Part I: Poduromorpha. Fauna Entomologica Scandinavica, 35, 1 - 183." type="journal article">Fjellberg 1998</bibRefCitation>
). Both traits are also typical of
<taxonomicName id="D7EC4D58FF89FF9DFD32FB717B3AC1D1" authority="Babenko &amp; Nakamori, 2018" authorityName="Babenko &amp; Nakamori" authorityYear="2018" box="[699,876,1156,1180]" class="Collembola" family="Neanuridae" genus="Anurida" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poduromorpha" pageId="3" pageNumber="578" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="abashiriensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="2298EAC9FF89FF9DFD32FB717B3AC1D1" box="[699,876,1156,1180]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">A. abashiriensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="39AB57B2FF89FF9DFCF1FB717B85C1D1" box="[888,979,1157,1180]" pageId="3" pageNumber="578" rank="species">
<emphasis id="2298EAC9FF89FF9DFCF1FB717BC7C1D1" bold="true" box="[888,913,1157,1180]" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">sp</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="2298EAC9FF89FF9DFC2CFB717B9BC1D1" bold="true" box="[933,973,1157,1180]" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">nov</emphasis>
.
</taxonomicNameLabel>
However, contrary to representatives of
<taxonomicName id="D7EC4D58FF89FF9DFF1EFB53795FC1F2" authorityName="Willem" authorityYear="1906" box="[151,265,1191,1215]" class="Collembola" family="Neanuridae" genus="Anuridella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poduromorpha" pageId="3" pageNumber="578" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="2298EAC9FF89FF9DFF1EFB53795FC1F2" box="[151,265,1191,1215]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">Anuridella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the new species has a complete tibiotarsal chaetotaxy, much longer maxillary lamellae and only traces of integumental coxal lobes typical of many
<taxonomicName id="D7EC4D58FF89FF9DFDDFFB3D7A9EC1AC" authorityName="Willem" authorityYear="1906" box="[598,712,1225,1249]" class="Collembola" family="Neanuridae" genus="Anuridella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poduromorpha" pageId="3" pageNumber="578" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="2298EAC9FF89FF9DFDDFFB3D7A9EC1AC" box="[598,712,1225,1249]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">Anuridella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="105336DBFF89FF9DFF4EFB197B20C3CC" blockId="3.[151,1436,152,2012]" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">
<emphasis id="2298EAC9FF89FF9DFF4EFB1979E4C049" bold="true" box="[199,434,1261,1284]" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">Taxonomic remarks.</emphasis>
A generic position of the new species is obscure. A number of
<taxonomicName id="D7EC4D58FF89FF9DFBD5FB197D4EC049" authorityName="Börner" authorityYear="1906" box="[1116,1304,1261,1284]" class="Collembola" family="Neanuridae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poduromorpha" pageId="3" pageNumber="578" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Pseudachorutinae">Pseudachorutinae</taxonomicName>
genera, viz.
<taxonomicName id="D7EC4D58FF89FF9DFF1EFAFB79E1C06A" authority="Laboulbene, 1865" authorityName="Laboulbene" authorityYear="1865" box="[151,439,1295,1319]" class="Collembola" family="Neanuridae" genus="Anurida" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poduromorpha" pageId="3" pageNumber="578" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="2298EAC9FF89FF9DFF1EFAFB78B8C06A" box="[151,238,1295,1319]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">Anurida</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="747D4B2AFF89FF9DFF7DFAE479E1C06A" box="[244,439,1296,1319]" pageId="3" pageNumber="578" refId="ref4154" refString="Laboulbene, A. (1865) Recherches sur l' Anurida maritima, Insecte Thysanoure de la famille des Podurides. Annales de la Societe entomologique de France, 4 (4), 705 - 720." type="journal article">Laboulbène, 1865</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="D7EC4D58FF89FF9DFE48FAFB7B4AC06A" authority="MacGillivray, 1893" authorityName="MacGillivray" authorityYear="1893" box="[449,796,1295,1319]" class="Entognatha" family="Neanuridae" genus="Aphoromma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Collembola" pageId="3" pageNumber="578" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="2298EAC9FF89FF9DFE48FAFB7A12C06A" box="[449,580,1295,1319]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">Aphoromma</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="747D4B2AFF89FF9DFDC3FAE47B4AC06A" box="[586,796,1296,1319]" pageId="3" pageNumber="578" refId="ref4324" refString="MacGillivray, A. D. (1893) North American Thysanura. IV. The Canadian Entomologist, 25 (12), 313 - 318. https: // doi. org / 10.4039 / Ent 25313 - 12" type="journal article">MacGillivray, 1893</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="D7EC4D58FF89FF9DFCAFFAFB7C64C06A" authority="Willem, 1906" authorityName="Willem" authorityYear="1906" box="[806,1074,1295,1319]" class="Collembola" family="Neanuridae" genus="Anuridella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poduromorpha" pageId="3" pageNumber="578" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="2298EAC9FF89FF9DFCAFFAFB7BCEC06A" box="[806,920,1295,1319]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">Anuridella</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="747D4B2AFF89FF9DFC16FAE47C64C06A" box="[927,1074,1296,1319]" pageId="3" pageNumber="578" refId="ref4534" refString="Willem, V. (1906) Un nouveau Collembole marin (Anuridella marina). Memoires de la Societe Entomologique de Belgique, 12, 247 - 252." type="journal article">Willem, 1906</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="D7EC4D58FF89FF9DFBE0FAFB7DCEC06A" authority="Bagnall, 1949" authorityName="Bagnall" authorityYear="1949" box="[1129,1432,1295,1319]" class="Entognatha" family="Neanuridae" genus="Gastranurida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Collembola" pageId="3" pageNumber="578" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="2298EAC9FF89FF9DFBE0FAFB7CACC06A" box="[1129,1274,1295,1319]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">Gastranurida</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="747D4B2AFF89FF9DFA89FAE47DCEC06A" box="[1280,1432,1296,1319]" pageId="3" pageNumber="578" refId="ref3737" refString="Bagnall, R. S. (1949) Notes on British Collembola. The Entomologist's Monthly Magazine, 85, 51 - 61." type="journal article">Bagnall, 1949</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, characterized by the PAO presence and the absence of seta L on labium, developed mandible, maxillae with several serrated lamella and almost complete reduction of furca, have been designated. Two former genera, i.e.
<taxonomicName id="D7EC4D58FF89FF9DFA9DFAA07D3DC021" authorityName="Laboulbene" authorityYear="1865" box="[1300,1387,1364,1388]" class="Collembola" family="Neanuridae" genus="Anurida" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poduromorpha" pageId="3" pageNumber="578" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="2298EAC9FF89FF9DFA9DFAA07D3DC021" box="[1300,1387,1364,1388]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">Anurida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="D7EC4D58FF89FF9DFF1EFA83794CC0C2" authorityName="MacGillivray" authorityYear="1893" box="[151,282,1399,1423]" class="Entognatha" family="Neanuridae" genus="Aphoromma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Collembola" pageId="3" pageNumber="578" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="2298EAC9FF89FF9DFF1EFA83794CC0C2" box="[151,282,1399,1423]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">Aphoromma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, differing only in presence/absence of ocelli (
<bibRefCitation id="747D4B2AFF89FF9DFC87FA8C7BF7C0C2" box="[782,929,1400,1423]" pageId="3" pageNumber="578" refId="ref3710" refString="Bagnall, R. S. (1939) Notes on British Collembola. V. The Entomologist's Monthly Magazine, 75, 188 - 200." type="journal article">Bagnall 1939</bibRefCitation>
) were not acknowledged by most taxonomists (
<bibRefCitation id="747D4B2AFF89FF9DFF17FA6E794DC0FC" box="[158,283,1434,1457]" pageId="3" pageNumber="578" refId="ref4490" refString="Stach, J. (1949) The Apterygotan fauna of Poland in relation to the world-fauna of this group of insects. Families: Anuridae and Pseudachorutidae. Polska Akademia Umiejetnosci, Acta monographica Musei Historiae Naturalis, Krakow, 122 pp." type="book">Stach 1949</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="747D4B2AFF89FF9DFEA1FA6E79F5C0FC" box="[296,419,1434,1457]" pageId="3" pageNumber="578" refId="ref3997" refString="Gisin, H. (1960) Collembolenfauna Europas. Museum d'Histoire Naturelle, Geneve, 312 pp." type="book">Gisin 1960</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="747D4B2AFF89FF9DFE39FA6E7A07C0FC" box="[432,593,1434,1457]" pageId="3" pageNumber="578" refId="ref4365" refString="Massoud, Z. (1967) Monographie des Neanuridae, Collemboles Poduromorphes a pieces buccales modifiees. In: Delamare Deboutteville, C. &amp; Rapoport, E. H. (Eds.), Biologie de l'Amerique Australe. III. CNRS, Paris, pp. 7 - 399." type="book chapter">Massoud 1967</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="747D4B2AFF89FF9DFDD7FA6E7BF8C0FC" box="[606,942,1434,1457]" pageId="3" pageNumber="578" refId="ref3856" refString="Christiansen, K. &amp; Bellinger, P. (1980 / 1981) The Collembola of North America north of the Rio Grande. Grinnell College, Grinnell, Iowa, 1321 pp." type="book">Christiansen &amp; Bellinger 1980</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="747D4B2AFF89FF9DFC32FA6E7C0DC0FC" box="[955,1115,1434,1457]" pageId="3" pageNumber="578" refId="ref3967" refString="Fjellberg, A. (1998). The Collembola of Fennoscandia and Denmark. Part I: Poduromorpha. Fauna Entomologica Scandinavica, 35, 1 - 183." type="journal article">Fjellberg 1998</bibRefCitation>
; Bellinger
<emphasis id="2298EAC9FF89FF9DFB5DFA6E7D53C0FC" box="[1236,1285,1433,1457]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">et al</emphasis>
.
<date id="6452101BFF89FF9DFA9DFA6E7DC7C0FC" box="[1300,1425,1434,1457]" pageId="3" pageNumber="578" value="1996" valueMax="2017">19962017</date>
), more rarely treated as subgenera (
<bibRefCitation id="747D4B2AFF89FF9DFDB9FA497AE7C099" box="[560,689,1469,1492]" pageId="3" pageNumber="578" refId="ref4637" refString="Yosii, R. (1977) Critical checklist of the Japanese species of Collembola. Contributions from the Biological Laboratory, Kioto University, 25 (2), 141 - 170." type="journal article">Yosii 1977</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="747D4B2AFF89FF9DFD4EFA497BD9C099" box="[711,911,1469,1492]" pageId="3" pageNumber="578" refId="ref4111" refString="Kuznetsova, N. A. (1988) Family Neanuridae. In: Chernova, N. M. (Ed.), Opredelitel' kollembol fauny SSSR. Moscow, Nauka, pp. 101 - 132 [in Russian]" type="book chapter">Kuznetsova 1988</bibRefCitation>
).
<taxonomicName id="D7EC4D58FF89FF9DFC22FA487C4BC099" authorityName="Willem" authorityYear="1906" box="[939,1053,1468,1492]" class="Collembola" family="Neanuridae" genus="Anuridella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poduromorpha" pageId="3" pageNumber="578" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="2298EAC9FF89FF9DFC22FA487C4BC099" box="[939,1053,1468,1492]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">Anuridella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="D7EC4D58FF89FF9DFBEDFA487CA3C099" authorityName="Bagnall" authorityYear="1949" box="[1124,1269,1468,1492]" class="Entognatha" family="Neanuridae" genus="Gastranurida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Collembola" pageId="3" pageNumber="578" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="2298EAC9FF89FF9DFBEDFA487CA3C099" box="[1124,1269,1468,1492]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">Gastranurida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are listed on www.
<taxonomicName id="D7EC4D58FF89FF9DFF5DFA147919C0BA" box="[212,335,1504,1527]" class="Entognatha" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Collembola" pageId="3" pageNumber="581" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">collembola</taxonomicName>
.org as separated genera although independence of
<taxonomicName id="D7EC4D58FF89FF9DFC14FA2B7C59C0BA" authorityName="Willem" authorityYear="1906" box="[925,1039,1503,1527]" class="Collembola" family="Neanuridae" genus="Anuridella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poduromorpha" pageId="3" pageNumber="578" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="2298EAC9FF89FF9DFC14FA2B7C59C0BA" box="[925,1039,1503,1527]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">Anuridella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and especially
<taxonomicName id="D7EC4D58FF89FF9DFB40FA2B7D0CC0BA" authorityName="Bagnall" authorityYear="1949" box="[1225,1370,1503,1527]" class="Entognatha" family="Neanuridae" genus="Gastranurida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Collembola" pageId="3" pageNumber="578" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="2298EAC9FF89FF9DFB40FA2B7D0CC0BA" box="[1225,1370,1503,1527]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">Gastranurida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from
<taxonomicName id="D7EC4D58FF89FF9DFF1EF9F578B8C354" authorityName="Laboulbene" authorityYear="1865" box="[151,238,1537,1561]" class="Collembola" family="Neanuridae" genus="Anurida" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poduromorpha" pageId="3" pageNumber="578" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="2298EAC9FF89FF9DFF1EF9F578B8C354" box="[151,238,1537,1561]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">Anurida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is also a subject of long discussion. Thus,
<bibRefCitation id="747D4B2AFF89FF9DFD4CF9F67B18C354" box="[709,846,1538,1561]" pageId="3" pageNumber="578" refId="ref3997" refString="Gisin, H. (1960) Collembolenfauna Europas. Museum d'Histoire Naturelle, Geneve, 312 pp." type="book">Gisin (1960)</bibRefCitation>
considered all of them as synonyms;
<bibRefCitation id="747D4B2AFF89FF9DFB65F9F67DCAC354" box="[1260,1436,1538,1561]" pageId="3" pageNumber="578" refId="ref4365" refString="Massoud, Z. (1967) Monographie des Neanuridae, Collemboles Poduromorphes a pieces buccales modifiees. In: Delamare Deboutteville, C. &amp; Rapoport, E. H. (Eds.), Biologie de l'Amerique Australe. III. CNRS, Paris, pp. 7 - 399." type="book chapter">Massoud (1967)</bibRefCitation>
accepted all three genera as valid;
<bibRefCitation id="747D4B2AFF89FF9DFD80F9D17B32C371" box="[521,868,1573,1596]" pageId="3" pageNumber="578" refId="ref3856" refString="Christiansen, K. &amp; Bellinger, P. (1980 / 1981) The Collembola of North America north of the Rio Grande. Grinnell College, Grinnell, Iowa, 1321 pp." type="book">Christiansen &amp; Bellinger (1980)</bibRefCitation>
used the name
<taxonomicName id="D7EC4D58FF89FF9DFB85F9D07C28C371" authorityName="Willem" authorityYear="1906" box="[1036,1150,1572,1596]" class="Collembola" family="Neanuridae" genus="Anuridella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poduromorpha" pageId="3" pageNumber="578" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="2298EAC9FF89FF9DFB85F9D07C28C371" box="[1036,1150,1572,1596]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">Anuridella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as a subgenus of
<taxonomicName id="D7EC4D58FF89FF9DFAB7F9D07DC3C371" authorityName="Laboulbene" authorityYear="1865" box="[1342,1429,1572,1596]" class="Collembola" family="Neanuridae" genus="Anurida" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poduromorpha" pageId="3" pageNumber="578" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="2298EAC9FF89FF9DFAB7F9D07DC3C371" box="[1342,1429,1572,1596]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">Anurida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, whereas
<bibRefCitation id="747D4B2AFF89FF9DFF7CF9BC7A53C312" box="[245,517,1608,1631]" pageId="3" pageNumber="578" refId="ref4192" refString="Lawrence, P. N. &amp; Goto, H. E. (1968) On Bagnall's species of the genera Anurida and Anuridella (Collembola: Hypogastruridae). Proceedings of the Royal Entomological Society of London (B), 37 (1 / 2), 16 - 28. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 3113.1968. tb 00187. x" type="journal article">Lawrence &amp; Goto (1968)</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="747D4B2AFF89FF9DFDB0F9BC7AB1C312" box="[569,743,1608,1631]" pageId="3" pageNumber="578" refId="ref3967" refString="Fjellberg, A. (1998). The Collembola of Fennoscandia and Denmark. Part I: Poduromorpha. Fauna Entomologica Scandinavica, 35, 1 - 183." type="journal article">Fjellberg (1998)</bibRefCitation>
treated
<taxonomicName id="D7EC4D58FF89FF9DFCB7F9B37BE6C312" authorityName="Willem" authorityYear="1906" box="[830,944,1607,1631]" class="Collembola" family="Neanuridae" genus="Anuridella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poduromorpha" pageId="3" pageNumber="578" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="2298EAC9FF89FF9DFCB7F9B37BE6C312" box="[830,944,1607,1631]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">Anuridella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as a separated genus but considered
<taxonomicName id="D7EC4D58FF89FF9DFAB5F9BC7DC3C312" box="[1340,1429,1608,1631]" class="Entognatha" family="Neanuridae" genus="Gastranurida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Collembola" pageId="3" pageNumber="578" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gisini">
<emphasis id="2298EAC9FF89FF9DFAB5F9BC7DC3C312" box="[1340,1429,1608,1631]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">G. gisini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the
<typeStatus id="CF578879FF89FF9DFF37F99E78BAC3CC" box="[190,236,1642,1665]" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">type</typeStatus>
species of
<taxonomicName id="D7EC4D58FF89FF9DFEEAF99D79A2C3CC" authorityName="Bagnall" authorityYear="1949" box="[355,500,1641,1665]" class="Entognatha" family="Neanuridae" genus="Gastranurida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Collembola" pageId="3" pageNumber="578" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="2298EAC9FF89FF9DFEEAF99D79A2C3CC" box="[355,500,1641,1665]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">Gastranurida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, as a member of the genus
<emphasis id="2298EAC9FF89FF9DFC91F99D7B20C3CC" box="[792,886,1641,1665]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">
<taxonomicName id="D7EC4D58FF89FF9DFC91F99D7B25C3CC" authorityName="Laboulbene" authorityYear="1865" box="[792,883,1641,1665]" class="Collembola" family="Neanuridae" genus="Anurida" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poduromorpha" pageId="3" pageNumber="578" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Anurida</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="58F66550FF89FF9BFF4EF9797B4DC59C" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="580" pageId="3" pageNumber="578" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="105336DBFF89FF9DFF4EF9797DC3C291" blockId="3.[151,1436,152,2012]" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">
Both
<taxonomicName id="D7EC4D58FF89FF9DFE82F978792BC3E9" authorityName="Willem" authorityYear="1906" box="[267,381,1676,1700]" class="Collembola" family="Neanuridae" genus="Anuridella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poduromorpha" pageId="3" pageNumber="578" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="2298EAC9FF89FF9DFE82F978792BC3E9" box="[267,381,1676,1700]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">Anuridella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="D7EC4D58FF89FF9DFE4DF9787A03C3E9" authorityName="Bagnall" authorityYear="1949" box="[452,597,1676,1700]" class="Entognatha" family="Neanuridae" genus="Gastranurida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Collembola" pageId="3" pageNumber="578" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="2298EAC9FF89FF9DFE4DF9787A03C3E9" box="[452,597,1676,1700]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">Gastranurida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
include littoral inhabitants characterized by hypertrophy of mouthparts (mandible and/or maxillae) and appear to be rather similar in main structural features. Among principal diagnostic characters of the world genera
<emphasis id="2298EAC9FF89FF9DFE6EF9257A90C3A4" box="[487,710,1745,1769]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">
of
<taxonomicName id="D7EC4D58FF89FF9DFD8DF9257A90C3A4" authorityName="Börner" authorityYear="1906" box="[516,710,1745,1769]" class="Collembola" family="Neanuridae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poduromorpha" pageId="3" pageNumber="578" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Pseudachorutinae">Pseudachorutinae</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
listed by
<bibRefCitation id="747D4B2AFF89FF9DFCBAF9267C5BC3A4" box="[819,1037,1745,1769]" pageId="3" pageNumber="578" refId="ref4016" refString="Jordana, R., Bequero, E., Reboleira, S. &amp; Sendra, A. (2012) Reviews of the genera Schaefferia Absolon, 1900, Deuteraphorura Absolon, 1901, Plutomurus Yosii, 1956 and the Anurida Laboulbene, 1865 species group without eyes, with the description of four new species of cave springtails (Collembola) from Krubera-Voronya cave, Arabica Massif, Abkhazia. Terrestrial Arthropod Reviews, 5, 35 - 85. https: // doi. org / 10.1163 / 187498312 X 622430" type="journal article">
Jordana
<emphasis id="2298EAC9FF89FF9DFC07F9267BE8C3A4" box="[910,958,1745,1769]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">et al</emphasis>
. (2012
</bibRefCitation>
, p. 53, table 2) there is only a single distinction—three ocelli in the only known species of
<taxonomicName id="D7EC4D58FF89FF9DFD5CF9007B30C241" authorityName="Bagnall" authorityYear="1949" box="[725,870,1780,1804]" class="Entognatha" family="Neanuridae" genus="Gastranurida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Collembola" pageId="3" pageNumber="578" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="2298EAC9FF89FF9DFD5CF9007B30C241" box="[725,870,1780,1804]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">Gastranurida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and none in
<taxonomicName id="D7EC4D58FF89FF9DFC66F9007C37C241" authorityName="Willem" authorityYear="1906" box="[1007,1121,1780,1804]" class="Collembola" family="Neanuridae" genus="Anuridella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poduromorpha" pageId="3" pageNumber="578" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="2298EAC9FF89FF9DFC66F9007C37C241" box="[1007,1121,1780,1804]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">Anuridella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the character which displays much intrageneric variation throughout the collembolan system.
<bibRefCitation id="747D4B2AFF89FF9DFCDDF8EC7C52C262" box="[852,1028,1816,1839]" pageId="3" pageNumber="578" refId="ref4365" refString="Massoud, Z. (1967) Monographie des Neanuridae, Collemboles Poduromorphes a pieces buccales modifiees. In: Delamare Deboutteville, C. &amp; Rapoport, E. H. (Eds.), Biologie de l'Amerique Australe. III. CNRS, Paris, pp. 7 - 399." type="book chapter">Massoud (1967)</bibRefCitation>
asserted that the genus
<taxonomicName id="D7EC4D58FF89FF9DFA82F8E37DCAC262" authorityName="Bagnall" authorityYear="1949" box="[1291,1436,1815,1839]" class="Entognatha" family="Neanuridae" genus="Gastranurida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Collembola" pageId="3" pageNumber="578" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="2298EAC9FF89FF9DFA82F8E37DCAC262" box="[1291,1436,1815,1839]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">Gastranurida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from
<taxonomicName id="D7EC4D58FF89FF9DFE95F8CD7922C21C" authorityName="Laboulbene" authorityYear="1865" box="[284,372,1849,1873]" class="Collembola" family="Neanuridae" genus="Anurida" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poduromorpha" pageId="3" pageNumber="578" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="2298EAC9FF89FF9DFE95F8CD7922C21C" box="[284,372,1849,1873]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">Anurida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by two unique characters: mandibles with numerous serrate teeth (“dents nombreuses et crénelées”) and the presence of specific structure on sterna of Abd.2 not known in other genera of
<taxonomicName id="D7EC4D58FF89FF9DFBB6F8A97CEDC239" box="[1087,1211,1885,1908]" class="Entognatha" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Collembola" pageId="3" pageNumber="578" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Collembola</taxonomicName>
(“de bourrelet sur le deuxième segment abdominal, nayant son équivalent chez aucun genre de Collembole”). In fact, the latter is just a furca remnant situated near the border between Abd.3 and Abd.4. Existed differences in mandible shape between all three genera appear to be adaptive and may not reflect close relationship. In general, we believe that recent generic system
</paragraph>
<caption id="44936653FF8EFF9AFF1EF87B7B6BC2AB" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1270721/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="579" startId="4.[151,258,1935,1957]" targetBox="[198,1406,243,1894]" targetPageId="4">
<paragraph id="105336DBFF8EFF9AFF1EF87B7B6BC2AB" blockId="4.[151,1436,1935,2022]" pageId="4" pageNumber="579">
<emphasis id="2298EAC9FF8EFF9AFF1EF87B791FC2E8" bold="true" box="[151,329,1935,1957]" pageId="4" pageNumber="579">FIGURES 1219.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="D7EC4D58FF8EFF9AFED9F87B7A73C2E9" authority="Babenko &amp; Nakamori, 2018" authorityName="Babenko &amp; Nakamori" authorityYear="2018" box="[336,549,1935,1956]" class="Collembola" family="Neanuridae" genus="Anurida" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poduromorpha" pageId="4" pageNumber="579" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="abashiriensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="2298EAC9FF8EFF9AFED9F87B7A73C2E9" box="[336,549,1935,1956]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="579">Anurida abashiriensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="39AB57B2FF8EFF9AFDA5F87B7A2FC2E9" box="[556,633,1935,1957]" pageId="4" pageNumber="579" rank="species">
<emphasis id="2298EAC9FF8EFF9AFDA5F87B7A14C2E8" bold="true" box="[556,578,1935,1957]" pageId="4" pageNumber="579">sp</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="2298EAC9FF8EFF9AFDC6F87B7A25C2E8" bold="true" box="[591,627,1935,1957]" pageId="4" pageNumber="579">nov</emphasis>
.
</taxonomicNameLabel>
: 12, chaetotaxy of head and thorax; 13, chaetotaxy of abdomen; 14, setae of p-row on Abd.5; 15, Ant.34, dorso-lateral view; 16, mandible; 17, maxilla, inner side; 18, ibid, ventral side; 19, distal part of leg 3. Ccapitulum of maxilla. Scales: Figs 1213—0.1 mm, 1419—0.01 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="105336DBFF8FFF9BFF1EFF6C7B4DC59C" blockId="5.[151,1435,151,244]" pageId="5" pageNumber="580">
within the
<taxonomicName id="D7EC4D58FF8FFF9BFE85FF637935C5E2" authorityName="Laboulbene" authorityYear="1865" box="[268,355,151,175]" class="Collembola" family="Neanuridae" genus="Anurida" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poduromorpha" pageId="5" pageNumber="580" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="2298EAC9FF8FFF9BFE85FF637935C5E2" box="[268,355,151,175]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="580">Anurida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
complex of
<taxonomicName id="D7EC4D58FF8FFF9BFE67FF6C7AFCC5E2" authorityName="Börner" authorityYear="1906" box="[494,682,152,175]" class="Collembola" family="Neanuridae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poduromorpha" pageId="5" pageNumber="580" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Pseudachorutinae">Pseudachorutinae</taxonomicName>
is far from ideal and therefore prefer to treat describing intermediate form as a member of admittedly heterogenic genus
<emphasis id="2298EAC9FF8FFF9BFD35FF4D7B4DC59C" box="[700,795,185,209]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="580">
<taxonomicName id="D7EC4D58FF8FFF9BFD35FF4D7B41C59C" authorityName="Laboulbene" authorityYear="1865" box="[700,791,185,209]" class="Collembola" family="Neanuridae" genus="Anurida" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poduromorpha" pageId="5" pageNumber="580" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Anurida</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="58F66550FF8FFF9BFF4EFF297A8FC5B9" box="[199,729,221,244]" pageId="5" pageNumber="580" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="105336DBFF8FFF9BFF4EFF297A8FC5B9" blockId="5.[151,1435,151,244]" box="[199,729,221,244]" pageId="5" pageNumber="580">
<emphasis id="2298EAC9FF8FFF9BFF4EFF29790FC5B9" bold="true" box="[199,345,221,244]" pageId="5" pageNumber="580">Distribution.</emphasis>
Known only from the type-locality.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>