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<document id="22B824171EBFEC197FCA9A52950F0F3B" ID-CLB-Dataset="306474" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5542.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="b349e73d-c49e-418c-81f7-c5d32e136362" ID-ISSN="1175-5334" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14385386" ID-ZooBank="2DB3A5B7-4292-4CD9-B6D8-FA97EB48DD16" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="carolina" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.metadata_approvedBy="carolina" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="carolina" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="carolina" checkinTime="1733917054948" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Moghaddam, Masumeh &amp; Watson, Gillian W." docDate="2024" docId="981B8798FFCA391692DA93A237A8DE7A" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5542.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5542 (1)" docSource="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5542.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.19:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="19" docTitle="Rhizopulvinaria artemisiae" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="90" masterDocId="6422FFE0FF9D394F924D97543531DD43" masterDocTitle="The Scale Insects Of Iran (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha) Part 3 The Soft Scales (Coccidae) And Other Families" masterLastPageNumber="202" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="88" updateTime="1734101643649" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="0150B4D7CF5877D66204349F1A4D16FE">The Scale Insects Of Iran (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha) Part 3 The Soft Scales (Coccidae) And Other Families</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="45E4B2DC30C30398953289923FBE5D39">Watson, Gillian W.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="0595BA0F3C7F023B0B8C2CB0C4C9A30F">Department of Insect Taxonomy Research, Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organisation, Tehran, Iran. &amp; Science: Research, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW 7 5 BD, U. K. gillian. watson @ nhm. ac. uk; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 9914 - 0094 * Corresponding author. moghadam @ iripp. ir; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 0908 - 838 X &amp; Department of Insect Taxonomy Research, Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organisation, Tehran, Iran.</mods:affiliation>
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<treatment id="981B8798FFCA391692DA93A237A8DE7A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14385590" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14385590" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:981B8798FFCA391692DA93A237A8DE7A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/981B8798FFCA391692DA93A237A8DE7A" lastPageId="89" lastPageNumber="90" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">
<subSubSection id="58A86505FFCA391892DA93A23755D853" box="[151,612,1270,1297]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="100D368EFFCA391892DA93A23755D853" blockId="87.[151,653,1270,1333]" box="[151,612,1270,1297]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">
<heading id="4B4581E2FFCA391892DA93A23755D853" bold="true" box="[151,612,1270,1297]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" reason="4">
<taxonomicName id="D7B24D0DFFCA391892DA93A23755D853" ID-CoL="7978M" authority="(Signoret)" baseAuthorityName="Signoret" baseAuthorityYear="1873" box="[151,612,1270,1297]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Rhizopulvinaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="artemisiae">
<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFFCA391892DA93A23755D853" bold="true" box="[151,612,1270,1297]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">
<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFFCA391892DA93A234EED852" bold="true" box="[151,479,1270,1297]" italics="true" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Rhizopulvinaria artemisiae</emphasis>
(Signoret)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="58A86505FFCA391892DA924F37BCD876" box="[151,653,1307,1333]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" type="description">
<paragraph id="100D368EFFCA391892DA924F37BCD876" blockId="87.[151,653,1270,1333]" box="[151,653,1307,1333]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">
(
<figureCitation id="88892A0BFFCA391892D2924F35C3D876" box="[159,242,1307,1333]" captionStart="FIGURE 37" captionStartId="88.[151,250,1770,1794]" captionTargetBox="[164,1431,183,1736]" captionTargetId="figure-22@88.[151,1436,181,1747]" captionTargetPageId="88" captionText="FIGURE 37. Adult female of Rhizopulvinaria artemisiae (Signoret), reproduced from Kosztarab &amp; Kozár (1988) page 247, fig. 105 (labelled R. spinifera Borchsenius, a synonym), originally published by the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary. Enlargements of ventral tubular ducts of types (i), (ii) and (iii) shown; for details of their respective distributions, see the diagnosis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14385526" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14385526/files/figure.png" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Fig. 37</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="88892A0BFFCA391892B3924F346ED876" box="[254,351,1307,1333]" captionStart="PLATE 3" captionStartId="8.[151,234,1629,1653]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,181,1606]" captionTargetId="figure-22@8.[189,1398,181,1606]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="PLATE 3. Coccidae continued: A, Palaeolecanium bituberculatum (Signoret); B, Parthenolecanium corni (Bouché); C, Rhizopulvinaria artemisiae (Signoret); D, Rhizopulvinaria turkestanica (Archangelskaya); E-1 and E-2, Saissetia miranda (Cockerell &amp; Parrott); F, Sphaerolecanium prunastri (Boyer de Fonscolombe); G, Stotzia ephedrae (Newstead)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14385396" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14385396/files/figure.png" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Plate 3C</figureCitation>
, distribution map
<figureCitation id="88892A0BFFCA39189066924F37B4D876" box="[555,645,1307,1333]" captionStart="FIGURE 93" captionStartId="183.[151,250,1821,1845]" captionTargetBox="[217,1381,216,1768]" captionTargetId="figure-17@183.[206,1381,181,1797]" captionTargetPageId="183" captionText="FIGURE 93. Distribution maps of scale insect species in Iran covered in this work. A, Pulvinaria urbicola Cockerell; B, Pulvinaria vitis (Linnaeus); C, Rhizococcus asperulae Moghaddam; D, Rhizococcus avicennae Moghaddam; E, Rhizococcus borchsenii Danzig; F, Rhizococcus istresianus (Goux); G, Rhizococcus reynei (Schmutterer); H, Rhizococcus saxidesertus (Borchsenius); I, Rhizopulvinaria artemisiae (Signoret); J, Rhizopulvinaria turkestanica (Archangelskaya); K, Saissetia coffeae (Walker); L, Saissetia miranda (Cockerell &amp; Parrott); M, Saissetia oleae (Olivier); N, Sphaerolecanium prunastri (Boyer de Fonscolombe); O, Stotzia ephedrae (Newstead)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14385725" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14385725/files/figure.png" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Fig. 93I</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="58A86505FFCA391892DA920B35ECDB44" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="100D368EFFCA391892DA920B31EAD834" blockId="87.[151,1243,1375,1399]" box="[151,1243,1375,1399]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="30A211A0FFCA391892DA920B31EAD834" box="[151,1243,1375,1399]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">
<treatmentCitation id="9113109FFFCA391892DA920B3777D834" author="Signoret, V." box="[151,582,1375,1399]" page="31" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" year="1873">
<taxonomicName id="D7B24D0DFFCA391892DA920B3777D834" ID-CoL="4QH78" authority="Signoret, 1873 b: 31" authorityName="Signoret" authorityPageNumber="31" authorityYear="1873" box="[151,582,1375,1399]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Pulvinaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="artemisiae">
<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFFCA391892DA920B3444D834" box="[151,373,1375,1399]" italics="true" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Pulvinaria artemisiae</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="74234B7FFFCA39189336920B3777D834" author="Signoret, V." box="[379,582,1375,1399]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" pagination="27 - 48" refId="ref108692" refString="Signoret, V. (1873 b) Essai sur les cochenilles ou gallinsectes (Homopteres - Coccides), 10 e partie. Annales de la Societe entomologique de France, Serie 5, 3, 27 - 48." type="journal article" year="1873">Signoret, 1873b: 31</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
<taxonomicName id="D7B24D0DFFCA3918901D920B36E4D834" ID-CoL="7978M" authority="(Signoret)" baseAuthorityName="Signoret" baseAuthorityYear="1873" box="[592,981,1375,1399]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Rhizopulvinaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="artemisiae">
<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFFCA3918901D920B3654D834" box="[592,869,1375,1399]" italics="true" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Rhizopulvinaria artemisiae</emphasis>
(Signoret)
</taxonomicName>
;
<treatmentCitation id="9113109FFFCA39189192920B31E6D834" author="Borchsenius, N. S." box="[991,1239,1375,1399]" page="302" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" year="1952">
<bibRefCitation id="74234B7FFFCA39189192920B31E6D834" author="Borchsenius, N. S." box="[991,1239,1375,1399]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" pagination="261 - 263" refId="ref98633" refString="Borchsenius, N. S. (1952 a) [A new genus and new species of hard scales from Iran (Homoptera, Coccoidea)]. Entomologicheskoe Obozrenye, 32, 261 - 263. [in Russian]" type="journal article" year="1952">Borchsenius 1952a: 302</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="100D368EFFCA391892DA92F135ECDB44" blockId="87.[151,1437,1445,2012]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">
<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFFCA391892DA92F134A5D8FC" bold="true" box="[151,404,1445,1471]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Field characteristics:</emphasis>
Live adult female oval to circular, convex; young female bright green with a longitudinal yellow band medially; older specimens with body wrinkled dorsally. Ovisac oval or circular, strongly convex and white.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="58A86505FFCA3916928A914534D6DF5A" lastPageId="89" lastPageNumber="90" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="100D368EFFCA3918928A9145319DDB0C" blockId="87.[151,1437,1445,2012]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">
<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFFCA3918928A914534E6DB68" bold="true" box="[199,471,1553,1579]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Microscopic diagnosis:</emphasis>
Slide-mounted adult female body oval, rather more pointed anteriorly than posteriorly; more-or-less membranous at maturity; lacking stigmatic clefts; with rather shallow anal cleft.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="100D368EFFCA3918928A910E3186DA6B" blockId="87.[151,1437,1445,2012]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">
<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFFCA3918928A910E3410DB30" box="[199,289,1626,1651]" italics="true" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Dorsum</emphasis>
. Derm developing sparse areolations at maturity. Setae each broadly spiniform or conical and short, sparsely distributed throughout. Pores of
<specimenCount id="06B4FD07FFCA391890279129378ADBDB" box="[618,699,1661,1688]" count="2" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" type="generic" typeStatus="types">2 types</specimenCount>
present, both frequent throughout: (i) a minute pore whose exact structure could not be discerned, but which has a long, fine, inner filament, and (ii) a larger, round, flat pore, which may have a short, wider, inner filament. Preopercular pores circular, each with a granulate surface, present in a sparse group anterior to anal plates. Tubular ducts small and sparsely distributed.Anal plates together quadrate, each plate with 4 setae, 3 of them located on posterior and outer margins. Anal ring bearing 6 setae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="100D368EFFCA3918928A906631AEDAD7" blockId="87.[151,1437,1445,2012]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">
<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFFCA3918928A9066342BDA08" box="[199,282,1842,1867]" italics="true" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Margin</emphasis>
. Marginal setae spinelike, each 1.5−2.0 times longer than a stigmatic seta and with a blunt apex, present in 1 or uneven 2 rows. Stigmatic setae very similar to marginal setae but shorter, with 3 (sometimes 2) in each anterior stigmatic area and usually 2 (but sometimes 3 or 1) in each posterior stigmatic area.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="100D368EFFCA3916928A90CA34D6DF5A" blockId="87.[151,1437,1445,2012]" lastBlockId="89.[151,1437,151,825]" lastPageId="89" lastPageNumber="90" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">
<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFFCA3918928A90CA343EDAF4" box="[199,271,1950,1975]" italics="true" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Venter</emphasis>
. Derm membranous. With pairs of long setae on posterior 3 abdominal segments anterior to anogenital fold; 2 pairs of setae between antennal bases; also with large, spinose setae frequent in submarginal ring; other setae normal. Pregenital disc-pores mostly each with 6−8 loculi, numerous around anogenital fold, less frequent across anterior abdominal segments. Spiracular disc-pores each with 5 loculi, present in broad bands between each spiracle and margin, and with a few pores present more medially. Microducts each with an oval orifice, present throughout except on posterior abdominal segments. Tubular ducts of
<specimenCount id="06B4FD07FFC439169105965736ADDC5E" box="[840,924,259,285]" count="3" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" type="generic" typeStatus="types">3 types</specimenCount>
present: (i) a duct with a fairly short outer ductule and a filamentous inner ductule; present in a rather narrow submarginal band, and becoming sparse between antennae; (ii) a duct with a long outer ductule and an equally long and wide inner ductule with a large terminal gland; present medially on head, thorax and more anterior abdominal segments; and (iii) a duct rather similar to those laterally (
<typeStatus id="CF09882CFFC43916930896C73446DCEE" box="[325,375,403,429]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">type</typeStatus>
(i)), but with a longer outer ductule; present medially on more posterior abdominal segments. Antennae each with 8 segments, third segment usually longest. Legs slender, each with a tibio-tarsal articulation and articulatory sclerosis; claw with a small denticle; claw digitules both fine with small knobs; tarsal digitules similar but longer and without knobs.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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<paragraph id="100D368EFFC5391792DA91BE3412DA2C" blockId="88.[151,1436,1770,1903]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">
<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFFC5391792DA91BE3413DA41" bold="true" box="[151,290,1770,1794]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">FIGURE 37.</emphasis>
Adult female of
<taxonomicName id="D7B24D0DFFC53917939991BF366DDA40" authority="(Signoret)" baseAuthorityName="Signoret" baseAuthorityYear="1873" box="[468,860,1771,1795]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Rhizopulvinaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="artemisiae">
<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFFC53917939991BF37DADA41" box="[468,747,1771,1795]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">Rhizopulvinaria artemisiae</emphasis>
(Signoret)
</taxonomicName>
, reproduced from
<bibRefCitation id="74234B7FFFC53917965191BF301EDA40" author="Kosztarab, M. P. &amp; Kozar, F." box="[1052,1327,1771,1795]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" refId="ref104040" refString="Kosztarab, M. P. &amp; Kozar, F. (1988) Scale Insects of Central Europe. Akademiai Kiado, Budapest, 456 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 94 - 009 - 4045 - 1" type="book" year="1988">Kosztarab &amp; Kozár (1988)</bibRefCitation>
page 247, fig. 105 (labelled
<taxonomicName id="D7B24D0DFFC539179304905B3775DA64" authority="Borchsenius" authorityName="Borchsenius" authorityYear="1952" box="[329,580,1807,1831]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Rhizopulvinaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinifera">
<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFFC539179304905B348FDA64" box="[329,446,1807,1831]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">R. spinifera</emphasis>
Borchsenius
</taxonomicName>
, a synonym), originally published by the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary. Enlargements of ventral tubular ducts of types (i), (ii) and (iii) shown; for details of their respective distributions, see the diagnosis.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="58A86505FFC43916928A957637A8DE7A" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="100D368EFFC43916928A95763658DFC6" blockId="89.[151,1437,151,825]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">
<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFFC43916928A95763452DF7F" bold="true" box="[199,355,546,572]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Distribution:</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="D7B24D0DFFC439169324957737A8DF7F" baseAuthorityName="Signoret" baseAuthorityYear="1873" box="[361,665,547,573]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Rhizopulvinaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="artemisiae">
<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFFC439169324957737A8DF7F" box="[361,665,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Rhizopulvinaria artemisiae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is known from 32 countries in the Palaearctic region (
<bibRefCitation id="74234B7FFFC4391696A39577342ADF22" author="Garcia Morales M. &amp; Denno B. D. &amp; Miller D. R. &amp; Miller G. L. &amp; Ben-Dov Y. &amp; Hardy N. B." pageId="89" pageNumber="90" refId="ref101399" refString="Garcia Morales M., Denno B. D., Miller D. R., Miller G. L., Ben-Dov Y. &amp; Hardy N. B. (2016) ScaleNet: a literature-based model of scale insect biology and systematics. Database. Available from: http: // scalenet. info (accessed 31 January 2024) https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / database / bav 118" type="url" year="2016">
García Morales
<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFFC4391692DA951335FDDF22" box="[151,204,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">et al</emphasis>
. 2016
</bibRefCitation>
); in
<collectingCountry id="68A5761EFFC43916931F951334B3DF22" box="[338,386,583,609]" name="Iran" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Iran</collectingCountry>
, where it is found in
<collectingRegion id="D276F86CFFC4391690CE951337EADF22" box="[643,731,583,609]" country="Iran" name="Ardabil" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Ardabil</collectingRegion>
, Azarbaijan -e Sharghi,
<collectingRegion id="D276F86CFFC4391691B595133164DF22" box="[1016,1109,583,609]" country="Iran" name="Esfahan" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Esfahan</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="D276F86CFFC439169629951331A6DF22" box="[1124,1175,583,609]" country="Iran" name="Fars" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Fars</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="D276F86CFFC4391696EB95133020DF22" box="[1190,1297,583,609]" country="Iran" name="Khorasan-e Shomali" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Khorasan</collectingRegion>
-e Jounobi,
<collectingRegion id="D276F86CFFC4391692DA953F3433DFC6" box="[151,258,619,645]" country="Iran" name="Khorasan-e Shomali" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Khorasan</collectingRegion>
-e Razavi and
<collectingRegion id="D276F86CFFC4391693E7953F3736DFC6" box="[426,519,619,645]" country="Iran" name="Markazi" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Markazi</collectingRegion>
provinces (
<bibRefCitation id="74234B7FFFC4391690C7953F366CDFC6" author="Moghaddam, M." box="[650,861,619,645]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" pagination="1 - 92" refId="ref105801" refString="Moghaddam, M. (2013) An annotated checklist of the scale insects of Iran (Hemiptera, Sternorrhyncha, Coccoidea) with new records and distribution data. ZooKeys, 334, 1 - 92. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 334.5818" type="journal article" year="2013">Moghaddam 2013</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="100D368EFFC43916928A95DB3681DFB2" blockId="89.[151,1437,151,825]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">
<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFFC43916928A95DB346ADFEA" bold="true" box="[199,347,655,681]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Host-plants:</emphasis>
The species is polyphagous, having been recorded on host-plants belonging to 19 families (
<bibRefCitation id="74234B7FFFC43916971D95DB3441DF8E" author="Garcia Morales M. &amp; Denno B. D. &amp; Miller D. R. &amp; Miller G. L. &amp; Ben-Dov Y. &amp; Hardy N. B." pageId="89" pageNumber="90" refId="ref101399" refString="Garcia Morales M., Denno B. D., Miller D. R., Miller G. L., Ben-Dov Y. &amp; Hardy N. B. (2016) ScaleNet: a literature-based model of scale insect biology and systematics. Database. Available from: http: // scalenet. info (accessed 31 January 2024) https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / database / bav 118" type="url" year="2016">
García Morales
<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFFC4391692B595E73416DF8E" box="[248,295,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">et al</emphasis>
. 2016
</bibRefCitation>
). In
<collectingCountry id="68A5761EFFC4391693D195E734FDDF8E" box="[412,460,691,717]" name="Iran" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Iran</collectingCountry>
, it has been recorded on
<taxonomicName id="D7B24D0DFFC43916909895E73645DF8F" box="[725,884,691,717]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Echinops" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ritro">
<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFFC43916909895E73645DF8F" box="[725,884,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Echinops ritro</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="D7B24D0DFFC4391691EB95E73109DF8E" box="[934,1080,691,717]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Artemisia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFFC4391691EB95E73122DF8E" box="[934,1043,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Artemisia</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="D7B24D0DFFC43916960995E731F4DF8E" box="[1092,1221,691,717]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Asteraceae</taxonomicName>
),
<taxonomicName id="D7B24D0DFFC43916969B95E730ADDF8F" baseAuthorityName="Moghaddam" baseAuthorityYear="2013" box="[1238,1436,691,716]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Amaranthaceae" genus="Noaea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="mucronata">
<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFFC43916969B95E730ADDF8F" box="[1238,1436,691,716]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Noaea mucronata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="D7B24D0DFFC4391692D29583346EDFB2" box="[159,351,727,753]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chenopodiaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Chenopodiaceae</taxonomicName>
), and
<taxonomicName id="D7B24D0DFFC4391693ED95833770DFB2" box="[416,577,727,753]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Astragalus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFFC4391693ED95833728DFB2" box="[416,537,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Astragalus</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="D7B24D0DFFC4391690029583378ADFB2" box="[591,699,727,753]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Fabaceae</taxonomicName>
) (
<bibRefCitation id="74234B7FFFC43916909C95833695DFB2" author="Moghaddam, M." box="[721,932,727,753]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" pagination="1 - 92" refId="ref105801" refString="Moghaddam, M. (2013) An annotated checklist of the scale insects of Iran (Hemiptera, Sternorrhyncha, Coccoidea) with new records and distribution data. ZooKeys, 334, 1 - 92. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 334.5818" type="journal article" year="2013">Moghaddam 2013</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="100D368EFFC43916928A95AE3696DE56" blockId="89.[151,1437,151,825]" box="[199,935,762,789]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">
<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFFC43916928A95AE34E6DE57" bold="true" box="[199,471,762,788]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Economic importance:</emphasis>
Not of any economic importance in
<collectingCountry id="68A5761EFFC43916913F95AF3692DE56" box="[882,931,763,789]" name="Iran" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Iran</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="100D368EFFC43916928A944B37A8DE7A" blockId="89.[151,1437,151,825]" box="[199,665,798,825]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">
<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFFC43916928A944B34A5DE7B" bold="true" box="[199,404,798,825]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Natural enemies:</emphasis>
None recorded in
<collectingCountry id="68A5761EFFC439169029944B37A4DE7A" box="[612,661,799,825]" name="Iran" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Iran</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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