973 lines
125 KiB
XML
973 lines
125 KiB
XML
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<mods:namePart id="9FA7E67250162D6A9F3106167EBCA9FD">Seigler, David S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="DD604818F8A0B8E21835FE55F06F84E9">Department of Plant Biology, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:namePart id="2150D33A6B074431DD94E2DDE37A4746">da Silva, Guilherme Sousa</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="786B21257D7FDC26789E5ECF99443D34" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4250-0017</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="975E507F79FBDF32D3E1DEEBD43C4DC5">Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, 13083 - 876, Sao Paulo / SP, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="E2D2548787CC7755748A4B46C16BA21C">Simon, Marcelo F.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="B25B3765CFFDB45FC1ED67A77E3846E5">Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuaria (Embrapa) Recursos Geneticos e Biotecnologia, Parque Estacao Biologica, Caixa Postal 02372, 70770 - 917, Brasilia / DF, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="665594172005DAE78F6DA8284695C5CA">Soares, Marcos Vinicius Batista</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="92A7D5E1F86CAF4FE546128C63EBE4A7" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2660-1771</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="ACDB1F9BD69C6DA65A07BD21A4F3EED7">Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Botanica, Av. Bento Goncalves 9500, Bloco IV - Predio 43433, Porto Alegre, RS, 91501 - 970, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="AF2D3212864911DAEB5A451AC239AB6F">Terra, Vanessa</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="73D87234EB1608152C316325F503CFFA" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5669-1304</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="9E9F96280D73D0DCA5DDF046940F29E0">Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105 - 900, Santa Maria / RS, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="D21EC47E3658DD2F884DA8AC6FED2882">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="EC78A99E35F14E3C8401DD0FAFE4C177">PhytoKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="805C40FEAA236ECB9F01CFED0C3C099D">
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<mods:date id="8FAA020A314B81BC84099CD3E0D85B43">2024</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="609DDE23FC64A92285535BF342E71161">2024-04-03</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="2167092D45E8A14F74F447384D653685" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="55D9FFF67515099BFFCC15AA83F70978">240</mods:number>
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<mods:extent id="1BED70E6FEF00AE50A56373D8053A2D5" unit="page">
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<mods:start id="AE5207781CD558552752AF9E254075EB">1</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="7C665BB294E6186681A50C8C7BF46827">552</mods:end>
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<mods:url id="19D00A419806820F433AFA958F0F9098">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.240.101716</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification id="013B7905E7C4288D1255545EC8A0AF74">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="1A49E832FC813FFBCCFF35E7DC12B61C" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.240.101716</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="EB6059AB4F9A339AC9427F9E1057A775" type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-240-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="0248F89FB55D9D0AD724A19352EDD51C" type="Pensoft-UUID">B699D9DE2B435B1093DE3C38C703D430</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="6841D32ACCA28179E525C7583F93D116" ID-GBIF-Taxon="224806150" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6841D32ACCA28179E525C7583F93D116" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/6841D32ACCA28179E525C7583F93D116" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" scope_subFamily="Caesalpinioideae" scope_tribe="Cassieae">
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<subSubSection id="6BFAA6B60570B52ADEF24110A75D82B0" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="63B7930E6D4F1AF962A37B6433DD1DF9" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Tribe
|
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<taxonomicName id="8AA6A2099D8B604E2A4187FBCFE79FFB" authority="Bronn, Form. Pl. Legumin.: 130. 1822." authorityName="Bronn, Form. Pl. Legumin.: 130. 1822." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="tribe" tribe="Cassieae">Cassieae Bronn, Form. Pl. Legumin.: 130. 1822.</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="FC81910915D5FF9B6189690E6D921676" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
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<paragraph id="090CCDB9287E67461B6D05B498C5EC06" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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|
<figureCitation id="560C3F440D04EF91EAE8D28D62FD1139" captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="F28" captionText="Figure 21. Generic relationships in tribe Cassieae. Two most likely positions of the unsampled genus Vouacapoua are indicated with dashed lines: 1) as sister to all Cassieae [following Bruneau et al. (2008) and Marazzi and Sanderson (2010)], and 2) as sister to Melanoxylum and Recordoxylon [following Manzanilla and Bruneau (2012) and Kates et al. (2024)]. For description of phylogeny and support values, see Fig. 6 caption (page 63)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.240.101716.figure21" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1014694" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 21</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="B92FFDF074934E812804DB23C1CF92F1" captionStart="Figure 22" captionStartId="F29" captionText="Figure 22. Examples of variation in stamens and pistil among Cassieae genera A Cassia moschata Kunth (Rando et al. 1184) B Senna macranthera (DC. ex Collad.) H. S. Irwin & Barneby (Rando et al. 272) C Chamaecrista bahiae (H. S. Irwin) H. S. Irwin & Barneby (Rando et al. 1214) D Melanoxylum brauna Schott (Cardoso et al. 2439) E Recordoxylon speciosum (Benoist) Gazel ex Barneby (Pereira-Silva et al. 15631) F Vouacapoua americana Aubl (Nascimento 245). G Batesia floribunda Spruce ex Benth (based on photographs of Projeto Flora Reserva Ducke, INPA / DFID, comm. Mike Hopkins). Scale: 1 cm. Drawn by Najla M. B. Scheidegger / @ ilustre. nt." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.240.101716.figure22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1014695" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 22</figureCitation>
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|
<figureCitation id="2B520E2147D29D8C077B6F424B7A306E" captionStart="Figure 23" captionStartId="F30" captionText="Figure 23. Examples of Batesia, Melanoxylum, Recordoxylon and Vouacapoua diversity A Batesia floribunda Spruce ex Benth. extrafloral nectary, petiolules and part of leaflets (Cota 1158) B, C Vouacapoua americana Aubl. (Cardoso et al. 3450) B leaves and immature fruit C mature fruits and seeds on the ground D, E Melanoxylum brauna Schott (Cardoso et al. 2439) D inflorescence, buds and flowers E flower F-H Recordoxylon speciosum (Benoist) Gazel ex Barneby (Pereira-Silva et al. 15631) F trunk of mature individual G flowers and immature fruit H flower. Photo credits A-E D Cardoso F-H G Pereira-Silva." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.240.101716.figure23" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1014696" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 23</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="49710519DB8D7FF5F64DD472A4B70494" captionStart="Figure 24" captionStartId="F31" captionText="Figure 24. Distribution of Vouacapoua based on quality-controlled digitised herbarium records. See Suppl. material 1 for the source of occurrence data." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.240.101716.figure24" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1014697" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 24</figureCitation>
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|
<figureCitation id="0CD92D8F29E4D857D5DE605A31CE9E0B" captionStart="Figure 25" captionStartId="F32" captionText="Figure 25. Distribution of Batesia based on quality-controlled digitised herbarium records. See Suppl. material 1 for the source of occurrence data." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.240.101716.figure25" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1014698" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 25</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="6891E0340C2A7742E67DF8F5971BB0FA" captionStart="Figure 26" captionStartId="F33" captionText="Figure 26. Distribution of Melanoxylum based on quality-controlled digitised herbarium records. See Suppl. material 1 for the source of occurrence data." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.240.101716.figure26" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1014699" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 26</figureCitation>
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|
<figureCitation id="A8F50CD5DD88B87840C18B620A294AFD" captionStart="Figure 27" captionStartId="F34" captionText="Figure 27. Distribution of Recordoxylon based on quality-controlled digitised herbarium records. See Suppl. material 1 for the source of occurrence data." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.240.101716.figure27" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1014700" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 27</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="4A9637B3DE5B2033B74215251107000B" captionStart="Figure 28" captionStartId="F35" captionText="Figure 28. Distribution of Chamaecrista based on quality-controlled digitised herbarium records. See Suppl. material 1 for the source of occurrence data." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.240.101716.figure28" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1014701" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 28</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="F05F40F9F5890632E178D1BBA6980702" captionStart="Figure 29" captionStartId="F36" captionText="Figure 29. Examples of Chamaecrista diversity A Chamaecrista xinguensis (Ducke) H. S. Irwin & Barneby trunk of mature individual (Rando et al. 1208) B C. compitalis (H. S. Irwin & Barneby) H. S. Irwin & Barneby base of trunk of mature individual (Rando et al. 1364) C C. ensiformis (Vell.) H. S. Irwin & Barneby flowering branch (Rando & Cota 1366) D C. flexuosa (L.) Greene flower, leaves in background E C. desvauxii var. latistipula (Benth.) G. P. Lewis, branch with flowers and fruit F C. ramosa var. curvifolia (Vogel) G. P. Lewis branches and flower G C. distichoclada (Benth.) H. S. Irwin & Barneby flowering branch (Rando et al. 1230) H C. lineata (Sw.) Greene leaves and flower (Rando 964) I C. andromedea (Mart. ex Benth.) H. S. Irwin & Barneby branch with leaves and flowers (Rando et al. 1251) J C. vauthieri (Benth.) H. S. Irwin & Barneby flowering branches (Cardoso et al. 4096) K C. ochnacea var. purpurascens (Benth.) H. S. Irwin & Barneby inflorescence and leaves L C. scabra (Pohl ex Benth.) H. S. Irwin & Barneby leaves and inflorescence (Rando et al. 1266). Photo credits A, C, G-I JG Rando B JG Jardim D-F, K H Moreira J D Cardoso L MF Simon." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.240.101716.figure29" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1014702" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 29</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="3C9166761A44A06D9FCF9CEAFC1A84F8" captionStart="Figure 30" captionStartId="F37" captionText="Figure 30. Examples of Cassia diversity A Cassia moschata Kunth inflorescence B C. ferruginea (Schrad.) Schrad. ex DC. branch showing the spiraled leaves and an inflorescence (Rando et al. 125) C C. fistula L. branch with leaves and an inflorescence D C. moschata branches with leaves, an inflorescence and fruits (left corner) in the background (Rando et al. 1184) E C. javanica L. branches with leaves and an inflorescence F C. grandis L. f. flowers. Photo credits A-D JG Rando E D Gissi F D Cardoso." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.240.101716.figure30" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1014703" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 30</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="931E11F3C5FD4BB9A02EA02F392056A8" captionStart="Figure 31" captionStartId="F38" captionText="Figure 31. Distribution of Cassia based on quality-controlled digitised herbarium records. See Suppl. material 1 for the source of occurrence data." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.240.101716.figure31" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1014704" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 31</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="376430D24B76C4BE4989F01EACAD7F7B" captionStart="Figure 32" captionStartId="F39" captionText="Figure 32. Examples of Senna diversity A Senna macranthera (DC. ex Collad.) H. S. Irwin & Barneby flowering branch (Lima et al. 422) B Senna alata (L.) Roxb. flowering branch C Senna corifolia (Benth.) H. S. Irwin & Barneby flowering branch (Rando et al. 936) D Senna angulata (Vogel) H. S. Irwin & Barneby fruits E Senna multijuga (Rich.) H. S. Irwin & Barneby mature individual (Lima 408) F Senna pendula (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) H. S. Irwin & Barneby flower (Lima et al. 435) G Senna spectabilis (DC.) H. S. Irwin & Barneby flower (unvouchered) H Senna rugosa (G. Don) H. S. Irwin & Barneby leaf with extrafloral nectaries between leaflets (Lima et al. 538). Photo credits A, B, E, F, H A Lima C JG Rando D F Logan G RT Queiroz https: // rubens-plantasdobrasil. blogspot. com /." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.240.101716.figure32" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1014705" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 32</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="CA6603CBD5321FECFC43D4B0DB3A0614" captionStart="Figure 33" captionStartId="F40" captionText="Figure 33. Distribution of Senna based on quality-controlled digitised herbarium records. See Suppl. material 1 for the source of occurrence data." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.240.101716.figure33" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1014706" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 33</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="E9F58FFC1AC2B37EC46115BFB6D16E5D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
|
|
<paragraph id="94681C9591A0D29171E8CB3817903180" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
|
<taxonomicName id="FFDB72DDFB9B2CEE8AE3DEBF3C208C3D" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cassiaceae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Cassiaceae</taxonomicName>
|
|
Vest, Anleit. Stud. Bot.: 270, 291. 1818. Type:
|
|
<taxonomicName id="A98095453A0DE29AEAFDA17B8F604F9C" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Cassia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cassia" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Cassia</taxonomicName>
|
|
L.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="AAB0CE86B64CAEC16873FED44AFC4732" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
|
<taxonomicName id="AE5DF71DD16AE3F7511B2F71D9504027" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Cassia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cassia" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Cassia</taxonomicName>
|
|
Irregulares Bronn, Form. Pl. Legumin.: 13. 1822. Type:
|
|
<taxonomicName id="53F1495378A0F58771D284E21E065941" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Cassia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cassia" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Cassia</taxonomicName>
|
|
L.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="1A5E35E9FAC02E7FDED69F1CD39A190C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
|
<taxonomicName id="DF266E9880AA1304760CBA3AE608536D" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subTribe" subTribe="Cassiinae">Cassiinae</taxonomicName>
|
|
Wight & Arn., Prodr. Fl. Ind. Orient.: 280. 1834. Type:
|
|
<taxonomicName id="73D743492986759CBD7DBFA7992C14EA" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Cassia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cassia" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Cassia</taxonomicName>
|
|
L.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="0DCBA23C9FF8D6AF708C954A29FDE6D2" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4AE2B9E0F4615EB2200434F2FC2528E7" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="tribe" tribe="Cassioideae">Cassioideae</taxonomicName>
|
|
Burmeist., Handb. Naturgesch.: 319. 1837. Type:
|
|
<taxonomicName id="3593C7209D64133FB59D7959A6E6B33E" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Cassia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cassia" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Cassia</taxonomicName>
|
|
L.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="39A87314A1C7C060A6363F255A874994" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
|
Melanoxyleae Nakai, Chosakuronbun Mokuroku [Ord. Fam. Trib. Nov.]: 254. 1943. Type:
|
|
<taxonomicName id="EBFDCD2C1E1269575AB03092564B6CC5" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Melanoxylum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Melanoxylum" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Melanoxylum</taxonomicName>
|
|
Schott
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
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<subSubSection id="B28A341DF12A80E114AF2C8FBA818653" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
|
|
<paragraph id="27A90B2A456BC2B07593ED79A4C74665" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
|
<typeStatus id="D1A58DEA2AF523F0980ABE006DA2F6B1">Type</typeStatus>
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|
.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="07B2D59BFAAC5E1226874FF103E2E37E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
|
<taxonomicName id="892365AE92CED9071B6E9E3F19F7BEF4" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Leguminosae" genus="Cassia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cassia" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="AC7A6A9A6C008D001F62D5BC72EFC3C3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cassia</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
L.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="6A2AEF860F92D8A582EE7EB5B233A816" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="included genera">
|
|
<paragraph id="DC0ED39F69CC1730E20E1783DF70FF63" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Included genera</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="9D326F256FD61D34B883E9B14A2E71B9" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
|
<emphasis id="910C94771A33CBA2C6639E466246B933" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">(7).</emphasis>
|
|
<taxonomicName id="D883F45FF465F67DB26E224FB7F3574E" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Batesia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Batesia" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="89AD706F29F728FA0AE90DC96AB29B35" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Batesia</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
Spruce ex Benth. (1 species),
|
|
<taxonomicName id="F88A1F2F539D3729732F369558C73F9E" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Leguminosae" genus="Cassia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cassia" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="76D3A81572023DC5A4CE731123BF4F76" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cassia</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
L. (39),
|
|
<taxonomicName id="136FEBA85E5AD76E42689D2659BF4C91" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Chamaecrista" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Chamaecrista" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="CA8CEAF5FF334DFCE879941ACB292CBD" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chamaecrista</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
(L.) Moench (361),
|
|
<taxonomicName id="9CDF08FAD1FAE4024BFB9957B4101412" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Melanoxylum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Melanoxylum" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="960B5221A762D7C8036DAF2603BFC0EE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Melanoxylum</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
Schott (1),
|
|
<taxonomicName id="E14A83B95A0DCD7745D83D6AF5632DC3" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Leguminosae" genus="Recordoxylon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Recordoxylon" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="49ABAEC1310083AF6BC2B45FBD3255D2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Recordoxylon</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
Ducke (3),
|
|
<taxonomicName id="6A272D08F230FA7A91233CA165C8D90C" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Leguminosae" genus="Senna" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Senna" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="4E11A97A49F0F5FEB6E46E244E5031CB" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Senna</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
Mill. (287),
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4137169D1FDF4CF85FB6AE8E00EBC3C5" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caesalpiniaceae" genus="Vouacapoua" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Vouacapoua" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="FBBCD92D931EBE2DC45C75E0D6B5F817" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Vouacapoua</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
Aubl. (3).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="869A125DA425D990DD211841010DCE84" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
|
|
<paragraph id="8C29DDD3D1351631DE102B3421654A03" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="604A6DC2B0B027828FA9CBC9A457E271" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
|
Trees, shrubs, subshrubs or vines.
|
|
<emphasis id="465AA3150F729B152F19A1D67846CE83" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Stipules</emphasis>
|
|
diverse in shape and size, persistent or caducous.
|
|
<emphasis id="F51EFA353AD59A30D13E85C6DE412FD8" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Leaves</emphasis>
|
|
bifoliolate, paripinnate and/or imparipinnate, extrafloral nectaries present in
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0FA5B932CCAEFDE1CBB27B8453597FEB" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Batesia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Batesia" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="4DE6E0E295CEDF47F42ED5413814B14D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Batesia</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="157AD341046174F707D5044A6471ABF7" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caesalpiniaceae" genus="Vouacapoua" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Vouacapoua" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="D687F1E7C88372F6179815375B33F001" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Vouacapoua</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, and in several species of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0538D67E051B2E54CA803443B9ACBF36" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Chamaecrista" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Chamaecrista" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="F959B5A316692818F4F9BE009DBD83EB" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chamaecrista</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="C33A36902F957C24FEDECAF3B6BA3180" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Leguminosae" genus="Senna" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Senna" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="9B618A1AF7026A2EF93C9EA8DEC1D9CC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Senna</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, on the petiole and/or leaf rachis, and/or peduncles of inflorescences; leaflets opposite, subopposite or alternate.
|
|
<emphasis id="96153EB837CD23647884E3EBEAE3516F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Inflorescences</emphasis>
|
|
racemes or panicles, terminal, axillary and sometimes ramiflorous.
|
|
<emphasis id="58F2860EE486AAEEFDA3192800090332" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Flowers</emphasis>
|
|
hypogynous or perigynous, bilaterally symmetrical, radially symmetrical or asymmetrical; sepals 5, free; petals 5, free, equal, subequal or differentiated; stamens 2-10, free, homomorphic or heteromorphic, anthers poricidal (
|
|
<taxonomicName id="BE729331CC1BFCD5DD11DCEF9BC5DD51" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Leguminosae" genus="Cassia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cassia" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="FA671FEBFD33C8A3439CB409FF700A58" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cassia</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="C8731FB73C3E4EE922658BDE6DADC362" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Chamaecrista" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Chamaecrista" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="160071864683BF0F5A0262D81CDEC186" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chamaecrista</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="55DDE381ACB65ECA0E8858AC91F84419" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Leguminosae" genus="Senna" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Senna" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="65BFB076A44ACBFCDF52B09193E013E4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Senna</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
) or longitudinally dehiscent; pollen unknown for most genera, 3-colporate with long apertures in
|
|
<taxonomicName id="62BDF8D22B6F320772A162A14E501D65" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Chamaecrista" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Chamaecrista" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="627E8E1404574627183665E676F4AEAE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chamaecrista</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="9D284804DE3EC5D68B59AB87F9A6673D" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Leguminosae" genus="Senna" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Senna" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="F2C8D0EB141DAC0885A9E30F995CD842" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Senna</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
; ovary sessile or stipitate.
|
|
<emphasis id="F1D622C744C725FC3D9694EC64657687" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Fruit</emphasis>
|
|
a legume, follicle, indehiscent or dehiscent, with valves opening elastically or not.
|
|
<emphasis id="0904853CD327D38E60A4AD7E216A27E3" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Seeds</emphasis>
|
|
mostly compressed, exarillate, variable in shape and colour.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="657CF81500CB8D96B11568D57EAD8BAD" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
|
|
<paragraph id="5C0777CEA991A4C23FB0257E82B94850" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="9BE74EC7901F804BC3F1DAE752853608" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
|
The tribe has a pantropical distribution in wet forests, seasonally dry forests and woodlands, savannas and deserts, a few species extending to temperate areas. The highest diversity of the richest genera (
|
|
<taxonomicName id="EC6C4E36B9C23F97FCCF689000CA0561" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Chamaecrista" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Chamaecrista" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="055B30948D7E38983F433FD884E9E3F2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chamaecrista</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0A29B82564B911AA4E8F9B9FFAC63939" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Leguminosae" genus="Senna" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Senna" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="F38006F9EF9717C8E22CD4A9F2B67F36" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Senna</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
) occurs in the Neotropical region.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="E75763480E39574949716210EFAC1E66" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="clade-based definition">
|
|
<paragraph id="6FC2EBDF83C94ABD1C27BE5821A924D5" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Clade-based definition.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="2070789C12A2F09CA9E7F2F15182CBBA" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
|
The most inclusive crown clade containing
|
|
<taxonomicName id="F9A2F8518AE17327E08B8F494A44C3F9" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Leguminosae" genus="Cassia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cassia fistula" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fistula">
|
|
<emphasis id="94D71EA8B705125E2BF34D4B1D460C56" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cassia fistula</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
L. and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="1E3D075300636E6D16381445FEBEE13B" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Melanoxylum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Melanoxylum brauna" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="brauna">
|
|
<emphasis id="84653685664F0798356C1693DA6E3AC2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Melanoxylum brauna</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
Schott, but not
|
|
<taxonomicName id="A9106EBFA9F572FC28B09FBA649700EB" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Leguminosae" genus="Ceratonia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Ceratonia siliqua" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="siliqua">
|
|
<emphasis id="288BE6CCA1F562E05411525E85739DEF" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ceratonia siliqua</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
L.,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="E69E7AF835AFC2D6A2A397E3653D7FC0" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caesalpiniaceae" genus="Dimorphandra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Dimorphandra conjugata" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="conjugata">
|
|
<emphasis id="2BE742E5E70ECF2623CA50C247F8C510" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Dimorphandra conjugata</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
(Splitg.) Sandwith or
|
|
<taxonomicName id="84AE32B9563EE05264858AFB2F68C5C0" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Leguminosae" genus="Mimosa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Mimosa sensitiva" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sensitiva">
|
|
<emphasis id="5A78661DAA62A2874AB3F0E02C1CD7B8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Mimosa sensitiva</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
L. (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation id="840916C759E51B44D82D14277B926FED" captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="F28" captionText="Figure 21. Generic relationships in tribe Cassieae. Two most likely positions of the unsampled genus Vouacapoua are indicated with dashed lines: 1) as sister to all Cassieae [following Bruneau et al. (2008) and Marazzi and Sanderson (2010)], and 2) as sister to Melanoxylum and Recordoxylon [following Manzanilla and Bruneau (2012) and Kates et al. (2024)]. For description of phylogeny and support values, see Fig. 6 caption (page 63)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.240.101716.figure21" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1014694" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">21</figureCitation>
|
|
).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="97F37C72B9A3B74B1AD608C59F72908A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="notes">
|
|
<paragraph id="FD44B9D61256A4A31068FA327BEBD8A0" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Notes.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="3AC60BF162CF30931A9E638AC0145D18" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
|
Tribe
|
|
<taxonomicName id="DB98A260A334FDB0F0E2DA94B3BDE536" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Leguminosae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="tribe" tribe="Cassieae">Cassieae</taxonomicName>
|
|
sensu
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="D02C554A9B279F5AED81A28F616628B5" author="Irwin, HS" editor="Polhill, RM" journalOrPublisher="Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, United Kingdom" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="97 - 106" refId="B406" refString="Irwin, HS, Barneby, RC, 1981. Tribe Cassieae Bronn (1822). In: Polhill, RM, Raven, PH, Eds., Advances in Legume Systematics, Part 1. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, United Kingdom: 97 - 106" title="Tribe Cassieae Bronn (1822)." volumeTitle="Advances in Legume Systematics, Part 1." year="1981">Irwin and Barneby (1981)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
was divided into five subtribes which included a total of 20 genera:
|
|
<taxonomicName id="7AA3CFDD8DF21950146B192190947E38" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subTribe" subTribe="Cassiinae">Cassiinae</taxonomicName>
|
|
Wight & Arn. (3 genera),
|
|
<taxonomicName id="E0888D6C74EA4EEFD3BCE31DABDC8C0C" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subTribe" subTribe="Ceratoniinae">Ceratoniinae</taxonomicName>
|
|
H.S. Irwin & Barneby (1),
|
|
<taxonomicName id="C91D4B853A7773B8A9EFCBD29F0EAD6C" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="subTribe" subTribe="Dialiinae">Dialiinae</taxonomicName>
|
|
H.S. Irwin & Barneby (13),
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0ADAAE9443F477B14A29CA5CF64F6F00" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="subTribe" subTribe="Duparquetiinae">Duparquetiinae</taxonomicName>
|
|
H.S. Irwin & Barneby (1) and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="217062AC3E29A2D4F20DF880818E85B5" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="subTribe" subTribe="Labicheinae">Labicheinae</taxonomicName>
|
|
H.S. Irwin & Barneby (2). However, ever since the first molecular phylogenies, the tribe has never been supported as monophyletic (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EABB4F46F49583828448E3B2067746DA" DOI="https://doi.org/10.2307/2446030" author="Doyle, JJ" journalOrPublisher="American Journal of Botany" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="541 - 554" refId="B226" refString="Doyle, JJ, Doyle, JL, Ballenger, JA, Dickson, EE, Kajita, T, Ohashi, H, 1997. A phylogeny of the chloroplast gene rbcL in the Leguminosae: taxonomic correlations and insights into the evolution of nodulation. American Journal of Botany 84: 541 - 554, DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/2446030" title="A phylogeny of the chloroplast gene rbcL in the Leguminosae: taxonomic correlations and insights into the evolution of nodulation." url="https://doi.org/10.2307/2446030" volume="84" year="1997">Doyle et al. 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
|
,
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="25751D9F82D52444592E0CA653B8B373" author="Doyle, JJ" editor="Herendeen, PS" journalOrPublisher="Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, United Kingdom" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 20" refId="B227" refString="Doyle, JJ, Chappill, JA, Bailey, CD, Kajita, T, 2000. Towards a comprehensive phylogeny of legumes: evidence from rbcL sequences and non-molecular data. In: Herendeen, PS, Bruneau, A, Eds., Advances in Legume Systematics, Part 9. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, United Kingdom: 1 - 20" title="Towards a comprehensive phylogeny of legumes: evidence from rbcL sequences and non-molecular data." volumeTitle="Advances in Legume Systematics, Part 9." year="2000">2000</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="BE22866ACA48A0F6B0E16BBF993AA081" author="Bruneau, A" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Botany" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="487 - 514" refId="B130" refString="Bruneau, A, Forest, F, Herendeen, PS, Klitgaard, BB, Lewis, GP, 2001. Phylogenetic relationships in the Caesalpinioideae (Leguminosae) as inferred from chloroplast trn L intron sequences. Systematic Botany 26: 487 - 514" title="Phylogenetic relationships in the Caesalpinioideae (Leguminosae) as inferred from chloroplast trn L intron sequences." volume="26" year="2001">Bruneau et al. 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
|
,
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="750FC1C71CC4B4427109838DD1CB9CB5" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1139/B08-058" author="Bruneau, A" journalOrPublisher="Botany" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="697 - 718" refId="B131" refString="Bruneau, A, Mercure, M, Lewis, GP, Herendeen, PS, 2008. Phylogenetic patterns and diversification in the caesalpinioid legumes. Botany 86 (7): 697 - 718, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1139/B08-058" title="Phylogenetic patterns and diversification in the caesalpinioid legumes." url="https://doi.org/10.1139/B08-058" volume="86" year="2008">2008</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="637590426152FAC8002DE01BF9292B22" author="Kajita, T" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Botany" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="515 - 536" refId="B426" refString="Kajita, T, Ohashi, H, Tateishi, Y, Bailey, CD, Doyle, JJ, 2001. rbcL and legume phylogeny, with particular reference to Phaseoleae, Millettieae, and allies. Systematic Botany 26: 515 - 536" title="rbcL and legume phylogeny, with particular reference to Phaseoleae, Millettieae, and allies." volume="26" year="2001">Kajita et al. 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="3C49B870C4A61216D76B552440F16396" DOI="https://doi.org/10.12705/661.3" author="LPWG, [Legume Phylogeny Working Group]" journalOrPublisher="Taxon" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="44 - 77" refId="B505" refString="LPWG, [Legume Phylogeny Working Group], 2017. A new subfamily classification of the Leguminosae based on a taxonomically comprehensive phylogeny. Taxon 66: 44 - 77, DOI: https://doi.org/10.12705/661.3" title="A new subfamily classification of the Leguminosae based on a taxonomically comprehensive phylogeny." url="https://doi.org/10.12705/661.3" volume="66" year="2017">LPWG 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
|
) and all recent analyses support as monophyletic what was then considered subtribe
|
|
<taxonomicName id="AE2FF4053DC79E66D5894CD38E292D84" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subTribe" subTribe="Cassiinae">Cassiinae</taxonomicName>
|
|
(comprising
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4F519CC7D70037DD5BBED95E2C4D8595" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Leguminosae" genus="Cassia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cassia" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="C23E1F4F715ADB9DBEB42823E3F7ABE8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cassia</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0EDC4B97D246C9FCB4CC946A308B9317" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Chamaecrista" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Chamaecrista" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="2CD4E6292C2A6F6CC1D0BC0128E607D9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chamaecrista</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="C275B316DF664B8CBF0E2B388D91CD83" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Leguminosae" genus="Senna" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Senna" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="F48347372B7F6561119F1C042D05921B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Senna</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
), but only with the inclusion of four other genera previously placed in the
|
|
<taxonomicName id="B6A4624E02E76CFE9A1296452FC0AAA4" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Leguminosae" genus="Peltophorum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Peltophorum" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Peltophorum</taxonomicName>
|
|
group of tribe
|
|
<taxonomicName id="ED24727A87C3A2195243628888D4AD73" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Leguminosae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="tribe" tribe="Caesalpinieae">Caesalpinieae</taxonomicName>
|
|
by
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="3122FFDB67349200533BEBBB07220113" author="Polhill, RM" editor="Polhill, RM" journalOrPublisher="Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, United Kingdom" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="81 - 95" refId="B669" refString="Polhill, RM, Vidal, JE, 1981. Tribe 1. Caesalpinieae. In: Polhill, RM, Raven, PH, Eds., Advances in Legume Systematics, Part 1. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, United Kingdom: 81 - 95" title="Tribe 1. Caesalpinieae." volumeTitle="Advances in Legume Systematics, Part 1." year="1981">Polhill and Vidal (1981)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
(e.g.,
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="0C9236F7E05BBEEB3A886F41572BE642" author="Haston, EM" editor="Klitgaard, B" journalOrPublisher="Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, United Kingdom" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="149 - 159" refId="B349" refString="Haston, EM, Lewis, GP, Hawkins, JA, 2003. A phylogenetic investigation of the Peltophorum group (Caesalpinieae: Leguminosae). In: Klitgaard, B, Bruneau, A, Eds., Advances in Legume Systematics, Part 10, Higher Level Systematics. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, United Kingdom: 149 - 159" title="A phylogenetic investigation of the Peltophorum group (Caesalpinieae: Leguminosae)." volumeTitle="Advances in Legume Systematics, Part 10, Higher Level Systematics." year="2003">Haston et al. 2003</bibRefCitation>
|
|
,
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="335C21386C21B69EBE87598EDACC2FF9" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3732/ajb.92.8.1359" author="Haston, EM" journalOrPublisher="American Journal of Botany" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1359 - 1371" refId="B350" refString="Haston, EM, Lewis, GP, Hawkins, JA, 2005. A phylogenetic reappraisal of the Peltophorum group (Caesalpinieae: Leguminosae) based on the chloroplast trn L-F, rbc L and rps 16 sequence data. American Journal of Botany 92 (8): 1359 - 1371, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3732/ajb.92.8.1359" title="A phylogenetic reappraisal of the Peltophorum group (Caesalpinieae: Leguminosae) based on the chloroplast trn L-F, rbc L and rps 16 sequence data." url="https://doi.org/10.3732/ajb.92.8.1359" volume="92" year="2005">2005</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="8E1D74708ABE16A8F9F758C1B98DADF5" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1139/B08-058" author="Bruneau, A" journalOrPublisher="Botany" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="697 - 718" refId="B131" refString="Bruneau, A, Mercure, M, Lewis, GP, Herendeen, PS, 2008. Phylogenetic patterns and diversification in the caesalpinioid legumes. Botany 86 (7): 697 - 718, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1139/B08-058" title="Phylogenetic patterns and diversification in the caesalpinioid legumes." url="https://doi.org/10.1139/B08-058" volume="86" year="2008">Bruneau et al. 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="1D1039E73881482872E171055D77183B" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2012.05.035" author="Manzanilla, V" journalOrPublisher="Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="149 - 162" refId="B526" refString="Manzanilla, V, Bruneau, A, 2012. Phylogeny reconstruction in the Caesalpinieae grade (Leguminosae) based on duplicated copies of the sucrose synthase gene and plastid markers. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 65 (1): 149 - 162, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2012.05.035" title="Phylogeny reconstruction in the Caesalpinieae grade (Leguminosae) based on duplicated copies of the sucrose synthase gene and plastid markers." url="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2012.05.035" volume="65" year="2012">Manzanilla and Bruneau 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="197217BC5A0450E1CBDA59189E8B65F9" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.205.85866" author="Ringelberg, JJ" editor="Hughes, CE" journalOrPublisher="PhytoKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="3 - 58" refId="B712" refString="Ringelberg, JJ, Koenen, EJM, Iganci, JR, Queiroz, LP, Murphy, DJ, Gaudeul, M, Bruneau, A, Luckow, M, Lewis, GP, Hughes, CE, 2022. Phylogenomic analysis of 997 nuclear genes reveals the need for extensive generic re-delimitation in Caesalpinioideae (Leguminosae). In: Hughes, CE, Queiroz, LP, Lewis, GP, Eds., Advances in Legume Systematics 14. Classification of Caesalpinioideae Part 1: New generic delimitations. PhytoKeys 205: 3 - 58, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.205.85866" title="Phylogenomic analysis of 997 nuclear genes reveals the need for extensive generic re-delimitation in Caesalpinioideae (Leguminosae)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.205.85866" volume="205" volumeTitle="Advances in Legume Systematics 14. Classification of Caesalpinioideae Part 1: New generic delimitations." year="2022">Ringelberg et al. 2022</bibRefCitation>
|
|
).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="13F11BB2A6CC552B9FA5D00B0348D0A0" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
|
<taxonomicName id="D405B9ADB48B30175978641ED2403779" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Leguminosae" genus="Cassia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cassia" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="D2A00A99F3CA67AFC638BF895544BD69" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cassia</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0FBD5E24B4438F5C2AE606984BEA9CFD" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Chamaecrista" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Chamaecrista" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="C47A6CE662F19B4EE5202D259CE4243B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chamaecrista</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="6CBA56955F1E21FA1A3D27A64D236FF7" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Leguminosae" genus="Senna" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Senna" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="6BCA5BEA4856987A26E398089E08C6B4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Senna</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
are the largest genera in the tribe. Because of similarity in floral morphology, they were all treated under the single genus
|
|
<taxonomicName id="A887D55332C750C3A28AF87D010C5569" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Leguminosae" genus="Cassia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cassia" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="638575CA604CDDD5BA71CC6518F834B4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cassia</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
until they were segregated by
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="03B717C3C32C43A1F8657C23CC360ED9" author="Irwin, HS" editor="Polhill, RM" journalOrPublisher="Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, United Kingdom" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="97 - 106" refId="B406" refString="Irwin, HS, Barneby, RC, 1981. Tribe Cassieae Bronn (1822). In: Polhill, RM, Raven, PH, Eds., Advances in Legume Systematics, Part 1. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, United Kingdom: 97 - 106" title="Tribe Cassieae Bronn (1822)." volumeTitle="Advances in Legume Systematics, Part 1." year="1981">Irwin and Barneby (1981)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
based on floral, mainly in the androecium configuration (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation id="441FC1EE0BEA6B49DB7F3D8E8277DA2D" captionStart="Figure 22" captionStartId="F29" captionText="Figure 22. Examples of variation in stamens and pistil among Cassieae genera A Cassia moschata Kunth (Rando et al. 1184) B Senna macranthera (DC. ex Collad.) H. S. Irwin & Barneby (Rando et al. 272) C Chamaecrista bahiae (H. S. Irwin) H. S. Irwin & Barneby (Rando et al. 1214) D Melanoxylum brauna Schott (Cardoso et al. 2439) E Recordoxylon speciosum (Benoist) Gazel ex Barneby (Pereira-Silva et al. 15631) F Vouacapoua americana Aubl (Nascimento 245). G Batesia floribunda Spruce ex Benth (based on photographs of Projeto Flora Reserva Ducke, INPA / DFID, comm. Mike Hopkins). Scale: 1 cm. Drawn by Najla M. B. Scheidegger / @ ilustre. nt." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.240.101716.figure22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1014695" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">22</figureCitation>
|
|
), and fruit differences. The recognition of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="CDC6CBEFE4726091568FCEE071BC17C3" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Leguminosae" genus="Cassia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cassia" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="8EED8396EDAA2F6511E9F8703149E651" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cassia</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="F2881C801755F49D44A86378442841C7" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Chamaecrista" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Chamaecrista" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="0AB187AB1308B1AE74EBA8FE0DBE28D9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chamaecrista</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="862D6A60DEABBFB4F9298A422F76D744" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Leguminosae" genus="Senna" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Senna" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="8B1C9217772A081E17D25EED4382081C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Senna</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
is now well established and each of the three genera is supported as monophyletic in well-sampled phylogenetic analyses (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="F56B0CD8079A95EF7E9E25EFC617F44D" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3732/ajb.93.2.288" author="Marazzi, B" journalOrPublisher="American Journal of Botany" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="288 - 303" refId="B529" refString="Marazzi, B, Endress, PK, Queiroz, LP, Conti, E, 2006. Phylogenetic relationships within Senna (Leguminosae, Cassiinae) based on three chloroplast regions: patterns in the evolution of floral symmetry and extrafloral nectaries. American Journal of Botany 93 (1): 288 - 303, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3732/ajb.93.2.288" title="Phylogenetic relationships within Senna (Leguminosae, Cassiinae) based on three chloroplast regions: patterns in the evolution of floral symmetry and extrafloral nectaries." url="https://doi.org/10.3732/ajb.93.2.288" volume="93" year="2006">Marazzi et al. 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="B951076DE3083680EC7105B87A276C3B" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1002/tax.584010" author="Conceicao, AS" journalOrPublisher="Taxon" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1168 - 1180" refId="B197" refString="Conceicao, AS, Queiroz, LP, Lewis, GP, Andrade, MJG, Almeida, PRM, Schnadelbach, AS, van, den Berg C, 2009. Phylogeny of Chamaecrista Moench (Leguminosae - Caesalpinioideae) based on nuclear and chloroplast DNA regions. Taxon 58: 1168 - 1180, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/tax.584010" title="Phylogeny of Chamaecrista Moench (Leguminosae - Caesalpinioideae) based on nuclear and chloroplast DNA regions." url="https://doi.org/10.1002/tax.584010" volume="58" year="2009">
|
|
<normalizedToken id="FAAF2A009F99EA9C2C8D1A8334E23980" originalValue="Conceição">Conceicao</normalizedToken>
|
|
et al. 2009
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="F5F1D224943C14977B7D8115FB85D286" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1086/683846" author="Rando, JG" journalOrPublisher="International Journal of Plant Science" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="3 - 17" refId="B690" refString="Rando, JG, Zuntini, AR, Conceicao, AS, van, den Berg C, Pirani, JR, Queiroz, LP, 2016. Phylogeny of Chamaecrista sect. Chamaecrista ser. Coriaceae (Leguminosae) unveils a lineage recently diversified in Brazilian campo rupestre vegetation. International Journal of Plant Science 177: 3 - 17, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1086/683846" title="Phylogeny of Chamaecrista sect. Chamaecrista ser. Coriaceae (Leguminosae) unveils a lineage recently diversified in Brazilian campo rupestre vegetation." url="https://doi.org/10.1086/683846" volume="177" year="2016">Rando et al. 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="84FD09DB7F7DCE9BAC249CFA2FD2D4F0" DOI="https://doi.org/10.12705/661.3" author="LPWG, [Legume Phylogeny Working Group]" journalOrPublisher="Taxon" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="44 - 77" refId="B505" refString="LPWG, [Legume Phylogeny Working Group], 2017. A new subfamily classification of the Leguminosae based on a taxonomically comprehensive phylogeny. Taxon 66: 44 - 77, DOI: https://doi.org/10.12705/661.3" title="A new subfamily classification of the Leguminosae based on a taxonomically comprehensive phylogeny." url="https://doi.org/10.12705/661.3" volume="66" year="2017">LPWG 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="A9C68EC937586B956F9DBD4C14F32FD9" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1093/botlinnean/boab029" author="Souza, AO" journalOrPublisher="Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="350 - 395" refId="B817" refString="Souza, AO, Lewis, GP, Silva, MJ, 2021. A new infrageneric classification of the pantropical genus Chamaecrista (Fabaceae: Caesalpinioideae) based on a comprehensive molecular phylogenetic analysis and morphology. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 197: 350 - 395, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/botlinnean/boab029" title="A new infrageneric classification of the pantropical genus Chamaecrista (Fabaceae: Caesalpinioideae) based on a comprehensive molecular phylogenetic analysis and morphology." url="https://doi.org/10.1093/botlinnean/boab029" volume="197" year="2021">Souza et al. 2021</bibRefCitation>
|
|
). Although the three genera were traditionally considered closely related, phylogenetic analyses have shown that they do not form a clade (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="47D26360A70F03D83153B6DB1719413D" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1139/B08-058" author="Bruneau, A" journalOrPublisher="Botany" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="697 - 718" refId="B131" refString="Bruneau, A, Mercure, M, Lewis, GP, Herendeen, PS, 2008. Phylogenetic patterns and diversification in the caesalpinioid legumes. Botany 86 (7): 697 - 718, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1139/B08-058" title="Phylogenetic patterns and diversification in the caesalpinioid legumes." url="https://doi.org/10.1139/B08-058" volume="86" year="2008">Bruneau et al. 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="24AB9D6A4380CF924F873B25F8A5B2D8" DOI="https://doi.org/10.12705/661.3" author="LPWG, [Legume Phylogeny Working Group]" journalOrPublisher="Taxon" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="44 - 77" refId="B505" refString="LPWG, [Legume Phylogeny Working Group], 2017. A new subfamily classification of the Leguminosae based on a taxonomically comprehensive phylogeny. Taxon 66: 44 - 77, DOI: https://doi.org/10.12705/661.3" title="A new subfamily classification of the Leguminosae based on a taxonomically comprehensive phylogeny." url="https://doi.org/10.12705/661.3" volume="66" year="2017">LPWG 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
|
),
|
|
<taxonomicName id="A74686F1B5CA2248032D7FF91C2C2411" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Chamaecrista" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Chamaecrista" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="10DE47F4997A3FC073CF8488D8677502" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chamaecrista</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
often being resolved as more closely related to
|
|
<taxonomicName id="CD59E4C364B2E8A0DF4B725251E2EAFE" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Batesia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Batesia" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="40494BA39993804D35CB66D3C902E122" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Batesia</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="EEE120DF98E21856953D2EF827D2ED8E" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Melanoxylum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Melanoxylum" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="81D1238D081806711913CE6603C1A0D2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Melanoxylum</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="A78EA5D012B55FF8CB6ACAA21967C339" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Leguminosae" genus="Recordoxylon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Recordoxylon" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="0984B8A7B7CE2F448CFD5B4E36234A06" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Recordoxylon</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
(Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation id="3D169578863D1FDE5D6055947E19B3D7" captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="F28" captionText="Figure 21. Generic relationships in tribe Cassieae. Two most likely positions of the unsampled genus Vouacapoua are indicated with dashed lines: 1) as sister to all Cassieae [following Bruneau et al. (2008) and Marazzi and Sanderson (2010)], and 2) as sister to Melanoxylum and Recordoxylon [following Manzanilla and Bruneau (2012) and Kates et al. (2024)]. For description of phylogeny and support values, see Fig. 6 caption (page 63)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.240.101716.figure21" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1014694" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">21</figureCitation>
|
|
).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<caption id="8C67088335241E66488852DF58F5F5D1" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.240.101716.figure21" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1014694" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 21" startId="F28">
|
|
<paragraph id="484A20421B4FAC2BF5F8AD86A67AD5E6" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
|
<emphasis id="1E94CC8DBA593D9A4FDD53DA3F6B042F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 21.</emphasis>
|
|
Generic relationships in tribe
|
|
<taxonomicName id="CAB3C4854ECB63D21FB41892C462F189" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Leguminosae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="tribe" tribe="Cassieae">Cassieae</taxonomicName>
|
|
. Two most likely positions of the unsampled genus
|
|
<taxonomicName id="56DBE0EF49B9E25B74F74C667C3CAC27" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caesalpiniaceae" genus="Vouacapoua" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Vouacapoua" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="2BA535331E550E8465D2F604E57F83D4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Vouacapoua</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
are indicated with dashed lines: 1) as sister to all
|
|
<taxonomicName id="FDF62AFEC6E75A778A8871CCA99B71A4" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caesalpiniaceae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="tribe" tribe="Cassieae">Cassieae</taxonomicName>
|
|
[following
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="6546AE7BEFB8675B752BCF899DC271EE" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1139/B08-058" author="Bruneau, A" journalOrPublisher="Botany" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="697 - 718" refId="B131" refString="Bruneau, A, Mercure, M, Lewis, GP, Herendeen, PS, 2008. Phylogenetic patterns and diversification in the caesalpinioid legumes. Botany 86 (7): 697 - 718, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1139/B08-058" title="Phylogenetic patterns and diversification in the caesalpinioid legumes." url="https://doi.org/10.1139/B08-058" volume="86" year="2008">Bruneau et al. (2008)</bibRefCitation>
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and
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<bibRefCitation id="6C998EBA3F78E176DC3025484EFC0DF7" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1558-5646.2010.01086.x" author="Marazzi, B" journalOrPublisher="Evolution" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="3570 - 3592" refId="B528" refString="Marazzi, B, Sanderson, MJ, 2010. Large-scale patterns of diversification in the widespread legume genus Senna and the evolutionary role of extrafloral nectaries. Evolution 64 (12): 3570 - 3592, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1558-5646.2010.01086.x" title="Large-scale patterns of diversification in the widespread legume genus Senna and the evolutionary role of extrafloral nectaries." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1558-5646.2010.01086.x" volume="64" year="2010">Marazzi and Sanderson (2010)</bibRefCitation>
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], and 2) as sister to
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|
<taxonomicName id="F77BC9A5B039B4308CBD9BAAE19770EB" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Melanoxylum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Melanoxylum" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="54078A0D6025B68BD2E57891E2CEC836" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Melanoxylum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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|
<taxonomicName id="02037F3CBBBD1FEAF1EEBEBC84AD27CC" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Leguminosae" genus="Recordoxylon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Recordoxylon" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="AC2B4735642160C04BBD6788E50F7E1D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Recordoxylon</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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[following
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<bibRefCitation id="39706F2C1C60E03B4C5867A16048F2A6" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2012.05.035" author="Manzanilla, V" journalOrPublisher="Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="149 - 162" refId="B526" refString="Manzanilla, V, Bruneau, A, 2012. Phylogeny reconstruction in the Caesalpinieae grade (Leguminosae) based on duplicated copies of the sucrose synthase gene and plastid markers. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 65 (1): 149 - 162, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2012.05.035" title="Phylogeny reconstruction in the Caesalpinieae grade (Leguminosae) based on duplicated copies of the sucrose synthase gene and plastid markers." url="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2012.05.035" volume="65" year="2012">Manzanilla and Bruneau (2012)</bibRefCitation>
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and
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<bibRefCitation id="5212491F9649643D9D331E245E504A68" author="Kates, HR" journalOrPublisher="Phytochemistry" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B430" refString="Kates, HR, O'Meara, BC, LaFrance, R, Stull, GW, James, EK, Liu, S-Y, Tian, Q, Yi, T-S, Conde, D, Kirst, M, Ane, J-M, Soltis, DE, Guralnick, RP, Soltis, PS, Folk, RA, 2024. Shifts in evolutionary lability underlie independent gains and losses of root-nodule symbiosis in a single clade of plants. Nature Communications, accepted." title="Shifts in evolutionary lability underlie independent gains and losses of root-nodule symbiosis in a single clade of plants. Nature Communications, accepted." year="2024">Kates et al. (2024)</bibRefCitation>
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]. For description of phylogeny and support values, see Fig.
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<figureCitation id="3C9AD0C71B6753ABF3BD094B3808A0F8" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 6. Generic relationships in tribe Ceratonieae. Left part of figure shows complete genus-level Caesalpinioideae phylogeny with the Ceratonieae indicated with a red rectangle. Branch lengths are expressed in coalescent units and terminal branches were assigned an arbitrary uniform length for visual clarity. Support for relationships is based on fractions of supporting and conflicting gene trees: pie charts show gene tree support and conflict per node (blue representing supporting gene trees, green gene trees supporting the most common alternative topology, red gene trees supporting further alternative topologies, grey gene trees uninformative for this node), and numbers above pie charts are Internode Certainty All support values [both calculated with PhyParts (Smith et al. 2015)]. If present, red numbers below pie charts are non-significant (i. e.> 0.05) outcomes of ASTRAL's polytomy test (Sayyari and Mirarab 2018), which tests for each node whether the polytomy null model can be rejected. Monophyletic genera are represented by single branches; see Suppl. material 2 for a phylogeny with all accessions. See Suppl. material 3 for gene tree support across the phylogeny. The phylogeny is a pruned version of the backbone phylogeny of Ringelberg et al. (2023), where full details of the data and phylogenomic analysis methods are presented." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.240.101716.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1014679" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">6</figureCitation>
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caption (page 63).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption id="C229E490EFD8F2858445C064C3B02A40" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.240.101716.figure22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1014695" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 22" startId="F29">
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<paragraph id="69A5B37DD515D1F8BD4951138335713B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis id="61C62B686D737D828AA04482EA1FFEAB" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 22.</emphasis>
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Examples of variation in stamens and pistil among
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<taxonomicName id="3DDC2DA6515F777CD0C380C29A1EC6B4" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Leguminosae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="tribe" tribe="Cassieae">Cassieae</taxonomicName>
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genera
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<emphasis id="63CBF5DD2E80F3C18F4529DD86D0051B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="50A945B492DE539985D6E96B7CB25577" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Leguminosae" genus="Cassia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cassia moschata" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="moschata">
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<emphasis id="5DFAEB837608CA19CA3A61E64368B4D5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cassia moschata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Kunth (
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<emphasis id="95C784407B92AA37C42A6C76247744C8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Rando et al. 1184</emphasis>
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)
|
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<emphasis id="D9159ACD0F976DB8F93C24993B2BCB45" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="CC884CC3CE540C96CBC3545356CEAD39" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Leguminosae" genus="Senna" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Senna macranthera" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="macranthera">
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<emphasis id="10E907FCF67DEBB26F2CC198FE6E8E4D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Senna macranthera</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(DC. ex Collad.) H.S. Irwin & Barneby (
|
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<emphasis id="DD08E11E64E507BAC543BBFD0AD3BE05" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Rando et al. 272</emphasis>
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)
|
|
<emphasis id="2FA93D280B2567B9567BE95EC7B49847" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
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|
<taxonomicName id="76AF136E4DACEEFE3C6F2F8AFB255344" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Chamaecrista" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Chamaecrista bahiae" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bahiae">
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|
<emphasis id="4C78D628A7AE824C7F35BD194E27DD2C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chamaecrista bahiae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(H.S. Irwin) H.S. Irwin & Barneby (
|
|
<emphasis id="33FB23D543058239647E52EA80F96777" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Rando et al. 1214</emphasis>
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|
)
|
|
<emphasis id="F3D3CCEE6C0D5588AB45DC728780AFE3" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
|
|
<taxonomicName id="718F5EFE357A725540670B3734EEB2CC" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Melanoxylum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Melanoxylum brauna" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="brauna">
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|
<emphasis id="0CE852B4795D1259B830180D2B5A1E3E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Melanoxylum brauna</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
|
|
Schott (
|
|
<emphasis id="DECD407F8AE1F1710C712B2D596991A5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cardoso et al. 2439</emphasis>
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|
)
|
|
<emphasis id="26D75C6FD5C80A0C93DEFDAC78A3B564" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
|
|
<taxonomicName id="A995B698219F80009555E19713B45419" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Leguminosae" genus="Recordoxylon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Recordoxylon speciosum" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="speciosum">
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|
<emphasis id="22FE8A6E63234E81DAAADC2FCB34464E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Recordoxylon speciosum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
|
|
(Benoist) Gazel ex Barneby (
|
|
<emphasis id="79E31701CC94048C70C0FED9321B7880" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pereira-Silva et al. 15631</emphasis>
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|
)
|
|
<emphasis id="DD9F1C602F8138C7F9385C2622ECF655" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
|
|
<taxonomicName id="3D765EC4D962EFF74A0894D5AEC90B53" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caesalpiniaceae" genus="Vouacapoua" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Vouacapoua americana" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="americana">
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|
<emphasis id="FF9E8BB7092D955DAC5F01B57B7EC787" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Vouacapoua americana</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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|
Aubl (
|
|
<emphasis id="06AE7950481ABC71AD537ADD482976D5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Nascimento 245</emphasis>
|
|
).
|
|
<emphasis id="D9402F404F2DEA2108BA116EC9CB7263" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G</emphasis>
|
|
<taxonomicName id="FD4F853DA8827970EA95DD6A68F07568" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Batesia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Batesia floribunda" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="floribunda">
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|
<emphasis id="5FC053B4AB6D5A8E0C458BBD7C8C5475" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Batesia floribunda</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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|
Spruce ex Benth (based on photographs of Projeto Flora Reserva Ducke, INPA/DFID, comm. Mike Hopkins). Scale: 1 cm. Drawn by Najla M.B. Scheidegger / @ilustre.nt.
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|
</paragraph>
|
|
</caption>
|
|
<paragraph id="92D85F81167A5374D11D37C83335996D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
|
The position of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="CFB0E250AE431E387F34F3B217D033B4" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caesalpiniaceae" genus="Vouacapoua" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Vouacapoua" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="304A1EFBD39325A3F60F3F3F4872135E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Vouacapoua</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
has proved more difficult to resolve. Even though not sampled by
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="11137D7C22E3002085D4D95CED2FC939" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.205.85866" author="Ringelberg, JJ" editor="Hughes, CE" journalOrPublisher="PhytoKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="3 - 58" refId="B712" refString="Ringelberg, JJ, Koenen, EJM, Iganci, JR, Queiroz, LP, Murphy, DJ, Gaudeul, M, Bruneau, A, Luckow, M, Lewis, GP, Hughes, CE, 2022. Phylogenomic analysis of 997 nuclear genes reveals the need for extensive generic re-delimitation in Caesalpinioideae (Leguminosae). In: Hughes, CE, Queiroz, LP, Lewis, GP, Eds., Advances in Legume Systematics 14. Classification of Caesalpinioideae Part 1: New generic delimitations. PhytoKeys 205: 3 - 58, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.205.85866" title="Phylogenomic analysis of 997 nuclear genes reveals the need for extensive generic re-delimitation in Caesalpinioideae (Leguminosae)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.205.85866" volume="205" volumeTitle="Advances in Legume Systematics 14. Classification of Caesalpinioideae Part 1: New generic delimitations." year="2022">Ringelberg et al. (2022</bibRefCitation>
|
|
; Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation id="0692932C4A6391EA48BD757BF0C7E46A" captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="F28" captionText="Figure 21. Generic relationships in tribe Cassieae. Two most likely positions of the unsampled genus Vouacapoua are indicated with dashed lines: 1) as sister to all Cassieae [following Bruneau et al. (2008) and Marazzi and Sanderson (2010)], and 2) as sister to Melanoxylum and Recordoxylon [following Manzanilla and Bruneau (2012) and Kates et al. (2024)]. For description of phylogeny and support values, see Fig. 6 caption (page 63)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.240.101716.figure21" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1014694" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">21</figureCitation>
|
|
), it is included here in
|
|
<taxonomicName id="F0BBF49CB668B56CBB79D38D477DE4CB" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caesalpiniaceae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="tribe" tribe="Cassieae">Cassieae</taxonomicName>
|
|
based on other phylogenetic analyses.
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="3CACDFF34B93D5EBDC1DFEC672353738" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3732/ajb.92.8.1359" author="Haston, EM" journalOrPublisher="American Journal of Botany" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1359 - 1371" refId="B350" refString="Haston, EM, Lewis, GP, Hawkins, JA, 2005. A phylogenetic reappraisal of the Peltophorum group (Caesalpinieae: Leguminosae) based on the chloroplast trn L-F, rbc L and rps 16 sequence data. American Journal of Botany 92 (8): 1359 - 1371, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3732/ajb.92.8.1359" title="A phylogenetic reappraisal of the Peltophorum group (Caesalpinieae: Leguminosae) based on the chloroplast trn L-F, rbc L and rps 16 sequence data." url="https://doi.org/10.3732/ajb.92.8.1359" volume="92" year="2005">Haston et al. (2005)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
, who sampled two of the three species of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="1AAEB8219AE86196EAD468B79460680B" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caesalpiniaceae" genus="Vouacapoua" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Vouacapoua" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="4AE8828FA33F38C0632F01D68DF5AA47" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Vouacapoua</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, found the genus to be not monophyletic, but this unexpected result was due to a sampling error [the sequence used [
|
|
<taxonomicName id="5C408B7B8EA0237AE1DFD02938D97719" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Andira" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Andira aubletii" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aubletii">
|
|
<emphasis id="383867300B52EB2E7319C74C9DA2E096" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Andira aubletii</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
(=
|
|
<taxonomicName id="8F220007EFADF2314B34ECB3DD460278" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caesalpiniaceae" genus="Vouacapoua" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Vouacapoua americana" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="americana">
|
|
<emphasis id="6CD37D5587F8FAF4561B5B2C4340B915" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Vouacapoua americana</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
), GenBank accession AY899701.1] is from
|
|
<taxonomicName id="8C1D5525B9AEC4B9AA8F8354351BEF8A" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Connaraceae" genus="Connarus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Connarus conchocarpus" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="conchocarpus">
|
|
<emphasis id="6D4A8B4762AC29AEA8788CA3892BC8E7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Connarus conchocarpus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
F. Muell (
|
|
<taxonomicName id="B64386892D1D0AE3FE4E21ED36A89B7D" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Connaraceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="family">Connaraceae</taxonomicName>
|
|
)]. In the
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="E30CBCB2D8295B47F4563DD02D909463" DOI="https://doi.org/10.12705/661.3" author="LPWG, [Legume Phylogeny Working Group]" journalOrPublisher="Taxon" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="44 - 77" refId="B505" refString="LPWG, [Legume Phylogeny Working Group], 2017. A new subfamily classification of the Leguminosae based on a taxonomically comprehensive phylogeny. Taxon 66: 44 - 77, DOI: https://doi.org/10.12705/661.3" title="A new subfamily classification of the Leguminosae based on a taxonomically comprehensive phylogeny." url="https://doi.org/10.12705/661.3" volume="66" year="2017">LPWG (2017)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
<emphasis id="F76F43DBA2D85A3B341AC751AB6DF134" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">matK</emphasis>
|
|
analysis that includes all three species, the genus is supported as monophyletic and in all phylogenetic analyses,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C1ACD0E3A430FD44EFD67276256506A" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caesalpiniaceae" genus="Vouacapoua" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Vouacapoua" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="CB6A181F03B967E4E24D484377FC7F58" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Vouacapoua</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
is resolved as part of, or as sister, to the
|
|
<taxonomicName id="428151B7994A4CED52144B5209AE6C24" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caesalpiniaceae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="tribe" tribe="Cassieae">Cassieae</taxonomicName>
|
|
clade (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="2BFD8E4BB765C52FED0EA1A6ABA548D2" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1139/B08-058" author="Bruneau, A" journalOrPublisher="Botany" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="697 - 718" refId="B131" refString="Bruneau, A, Mercure, M, Lewis, GP, Herendeen, PS, 2008. Phylogenetic patterns and diversification in the caesalpinioid legumes. Botany 86 (7): 697 - 718, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1139/B08-058" title="Phylogenetic patterns and diversification in the caesalpinioid legumes." url="https://doi.org/10.1139/B08-058" volume="86" year="2008">Bruneau et al. 2008</bibRefCitation>
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|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="332113FEA2D157CB951FFBAA6458F0E7" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1558-5646.2010.01086.x" author="Marazzi, B" journalOrPublisher="Evolution" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="3570 - 3592" refId="B528" refString="Marazzi, B, Sanderson, MJ, 2010. Large-scale patterns of diversification in the widespread legume genus Senna and the evolutionary role of extrafloral nectaries. Evolution 64 (12): 3570 - 3592, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1558-5646.2010.01086.x" title="Large-scale patterns of diversification in the widespread legume genus Senna and the evolutionary role of extrafloral nectaries." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1558-5646.2010.01086.x" volume="64" year="2010">Marazzi and Sanderson 2010</bibRefCitation>
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|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="2C67C7552F2B9704F5789EA1430096D6" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2012.05.035" author="Manzanilla, V" journalOrPublisher="Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="149 - 162" refId="B526" refString="Manzanilla, V, Bruneau, A, 2012. Phylogeny reconstruction in the Caesalpinieae grade (Leguminosae) based on duplicated copies of the sucrose synthase gene and plastid markers. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 65 (1): 149 - 162, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2012.05.035" title="Phylogeny reconstruction in the Caesalpinieae grade (Leguminosae) based on duplicated copies of the sucrose synthase gene and plastid markers." url="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2012.05.035" volume="65" year="2012">Manzanilla and Bruneau 2012</bibRefCitation>
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|
;
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|
<bibRefCitation id="C5FC3C339D54B69EAE29D1102A6EBA24" DOI="https://doi.org/10.12705/661.3" author="LPWG, [Legume Phylogeny Working Group]" journalOrPublisher="Taxon" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="44 - 77" refId="B505" refString="LPWG, [Legume Phylogeny Working Group], 2017. A new subfamily classification of the Leguminosae based on a taxonomically comprehensive phylogeny. Taxon 66: 44 - 77, DOI: https://doi.org/10.12705/661.3" title="A new subfamily classification of the Leguminosae based on a taxonomically comprehensive phylogeny." url="https://doi.org/10.12705/661.3" volume="66" year="2017">LPWG 2017</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="B78F5A44488FF0CD04372E5D1963CF40" author="Kates, HR" journalOrPublisher="Phytochemistry" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B430" refString="Kates, HR, O'Meara, BC, LaFrance, R, Stull, GW, James, EK, Liu, S-Y, Tian, Q, Yi, T-S, Conde, D, Kirst, M, Ane, J-M, Soltis, DE, Guralnick, RP, Soltis, PS, Folk, RA, 2024. Shifts in evolutionary lability underlie independent gains and losses of root-nodule symbiosis in a single clade of plants. Nature Communications, accepted." title="Shifts in evolutionary lability underlie independent gains and losses of root-nodule symbiosis in a single clade of plants. Nature Communications, accepted." year="2024">Kates et al. 2024</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="3248436228E566C0E8F0050C6AF469F0" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
|
<taxonomicName id="96A969274E39A596A6390AA88DEE3448" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caesalpiniaceae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="tribe" tribe="Cassieae">Cassieae</taxonomicName>
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|
is a morphologically heterogeneous group, with only a few features shared among all or nearly all genera. All
|
|
<taxonomicName id="5AA222431AE39A4F5552C74301352E96" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caesalpiniaceae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="tribe" tribe="Cassieae">Cassieae</taxonomicName>
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|
have once-pinnate or bifoliolate leaves, most species have yellow petals, with only a few having red, orange, pink or white ones.
|
|
<taxonomicName id="3DE5B265E9B191789417C638C44312D5" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Leguminosae" genus="Cassia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cassia" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="607A64990BD93489AE5AA53EE380C043" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cassia</emphasis>
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|
</taxonomicName>
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|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="21A121B2770A9DFE59785A6E72D303EF" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Leguminosae" genus="Senna" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Senna" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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|
<emphasis id="E45E6A3AC446F7DD9FA19C0CDE9BEB30" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Senna</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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|
and
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|
<taxonomicName id="2682A88292DA5685D044929F0E4E8725" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Chamaecrista" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Chamaecrista" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="596D7EF98A0AA968B7DA7CB234182959" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chamaecrista</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
are characterised by poricidal anthers (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation id="D6D28E352595251B7FD6DF6C77E77089" captionStart="Figure 22" captionStartId="F29" captionText="Figure 22. Examples of variation in stamens and pistil among Cassieae genera A Cassia moschata Kunth (Rando et al. 1184) B Senna macranthera (DC. ex Collad.) H. S. Irwin & Barneby (Rando et al. 272) C Chamaecrista bahiae (H. S. Irwin) H. S. Irwin & Barneby (Rando et al. 1214) D Melanoxylum brauna Schott (Cardoso et al. 2439) E Recordoxylon speciosum (Benoist) Gazel ex Barneby (Pereira-Silva et al. 15631) F Vouacapoua americana Aubl (Nascimento 245). G Batesia floribunda Spruce ex Benth (based on photographs of Projeto Flora Reserva Ducke, INPA / DFID, comm. Mike Hopkins). Scale: 1 cm. Drawn by Najla M. B. Scheidegger / @ ilustre. nt." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.240.101716.figure22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1014695" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">22</figureCitation>
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|
). These three genera exhibit a suite of floral traits associated with the specialised pollination mode called buzz pollination, in which bees vibrate flowers to release pollen through the anther pores or slits (
|
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<bibRefCitation id="28E83D235A0A5302C930C829882B689C" author="Gottsberger, G" journalOrPublisher="Phyton" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="293 - 320" refId="B317" refString="Gottsberger, G, Silberbauer-Gottsberger, I, 1988. Evolution of flower structures and pollination in Neotropical Cassiinae (Caesalpiniaceae) species. Phyton 28: 293 - 320" title="Evolution of flower structures and pollination in Neotropical Cassiinae (Caesalpiniaceae) species." volume="28" year="1988">Gottsberger and Silberbauer-Gottsberger 1988</bibRefCitation>
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|
). Recent phylogenies, which do not group these three genera together, suggest this specialised pollination mode likely evolved more than once within
|
|
<taxonomicName id="8984F1B2263908EA4736C6188BFF2964" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="tribe" tribe="Cassieae">Cassieae</taxonomicName>
|
|
. Another unusual feature is that some
|
|
<taxonomicName id="F7BAA2C23E96DB4F506C11568F7FED47" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="tribe" tribe="Cassieae">Cassieae</taxonomicName>
|
|
species have stomata on both leaflet surfaces, otherwise present in only a few other caesalpinioid legume clades (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="8977B6F3E527951686315F856CFDE4A3" author="Herendeen, PS" editor="Klitgaard, B" journalOrPublisher="Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, United Kingdom" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="37 - 62" refId="B356" refString="Herendeen, PS, Bruneau, A, Lewis, GP, 2003a. Phylogenetic relationships in caesalpinioid legumes: a preliminary analysis based on morphological and molecular data. In: Klitgaard, B, Bruneau, A, Eds., Advances in legume systematics, Part 10, Higher Level Systematics. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, United Kingdom: 37 - 62" title="Phylogenetic relationships in caesalpinioid legumes: a preliminary analysis based on morphological and molecular data." volumeTitle="Advances in legume systematics, Part 10, Higher Level Systematics." year="2003 a">Herendeen et al. 2003a</bibRefCitation>
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;
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|
<bibRefCitation id="F0AFD0A171B2E4C8DB5AA7D2456A0D2C" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1139/B08-058" author="Bruneau, A" journalOrPublisher="Botany" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="697 - 718" refId="B131" refString="Bruneau, A, Mercure, M, Lewis, GP, Herendeen, PS, 2008. Phylogenetic patterns and diversification in the caesalpinioid legumes. Botany 86 (7): 697 - 718, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1139/B08-058" title="Phylogenetic patterns and diversification in the caesalpinioid legumes." url="https://doi.org/10.1139/B08-058" volume="86" year="2008">Bruneau et al. 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
|
). Extrafloral nectaries are reported in
|
|
<taxonomicName id="07D8C9FCD64D85A7CAA91F3CAB2FF0A8" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Batesia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Batesia" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="8C6D4809C79DD57A6A207D2471AFB22B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Batesia</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="E91F695D331993450854136E2E265637" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Chamaecrista" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Chamaecrista" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="CE7459F4EA93AF15AE96093932B31E84" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chamaecrista</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="A714DB5A83623ECDF4D779DF7CAC13D6" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Leguminosae" genus="Senna" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Senna" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="AA20E39EB036367E6FBDA8AC218D01E3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Senna</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="FB96BCD11B8B5CF33B348D3F2A437F2C" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caesalpiniaceae" genus="Vouacapoua" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Vouacapoua" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="7EDBC302D0F30D7A22E7532D95161632" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Vouacapoua</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
but are lacking in
|
|
<taxonomicName id="AF9AEDA08566288EDB9D397E1D882C42" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Leguminosae" genus="Cassia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cassia" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="23BAFC07407698C07DE73C3F28239C09" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cassia</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="33F939374535163A158635650E10F179" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Melanoxylum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Melanoxylum" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="2B98C042D4F944A3931677E6EF066924" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Melanoxylum</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="2E303774C671DD2CD8E306C8436F147B" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Leguminosae" genus="Recordoxylon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Recordoxylon" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="607C055DB740BE06C84319450670F2D5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Recordoxylon</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
(
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="3FDE0F93D2735912BD0651EB28C0FE3F" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1071/SB19012" author="Marazzi, B" journalOrPublisher="Australian Systematic Botany" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="409 - 458" refId="B533" refString="Marazzi, B, Gonzalez, AM, Delgado-Salinas, A, Luckow, MA, Ringelberg, JJ, Hughes, CE, 2019. Extrafloral nectaries in Leguminosae: phylogenetic distribution, morphological diversity and evolution. Australian Systematic Botany 32 (6): 409 - 458, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1071/SB19012" title="Extrafloral nectaries in Leguminosae: phylogenetic distribution, morphological diversity and evolution." url="https://doi.org/10.1071/SB19012" volume="32" year="2019">Marazzi et al. 2019</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="2656C3DC116B7562B2C53CE4882A7CB4" author="Cota, MMT" journalOrPublisher="Madrono" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" publicationUrl="https://floradobrasil2020.jbrj.gov.br/FB78759" refId="B200" refString="Cota, MMT, 2020a. Recordoxylon in Flora e Funga do Brasil 2020. Jardim Botanico do Rio de Janeiro. https://floradobrasil2020.jbrj.gov.br/FB78759" title="Recordoxylon in Flora e Funga do Brasil 2020. Jardim Botanico do Rio de Janeiro." url="https://floradobrasil2020.jbrj.gov.br/FB78759" year="2020 a">Cota 2020a</bibRefCitation>
|
|
). Although in
|
|
<taxonomicName id="DBE07A57BA2BCFDA496B546E58C724A2" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Leguminosae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Caesalpinioideae">Caesalpinioideae</taxonomicName>
|
|
the ability to nodulate rarely occurs outside tribe
|
|
<taxonomicName id="FED163C4F7F6EF9718C08AC3E4DBF019" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Leguminosae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="tribe" tribe="Mimoseae">Mimoseae</taxonomicName>
|
|
, two
|
|
<taxonomicName id="167AC0D68BFD92BC9300FF83DD21EFD1" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Leguminosae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="tribe" tribe="Cassieae">Cassieae</taxonomicName>
|
|
genera,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="3B26EB3938A9B119E10C757462825C0A" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Chamaecrista" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Chamaecrista" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="0711A079877C85B6C738570C3866B551" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chamaecrista</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="1E2B3E034B5243EC21113156188A02BC" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Melanoxylum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Melanoxylum" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="D9B3BC3E8F8372D03EDB4BBB2DCA29E6" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Melanoxylum</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, are known to nodulate (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="B5BEDECAD603EF82B6CD4012D13788EC" author="Sprent, JI" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of Miscellaneous Information, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew," pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B826" refString="Sprent, JI, 2001. Nodulation in Legumes. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, United Kingdom, i-xii, 1-146." title="Nodulation in Legumes. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, United Kingdom, i-xii, 1 - 146." year="2001">Sprent 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="9AC0DD55D61321DC54931E8A5314E07F" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.18321" author="Faria, SM" journalOrPublisher="New Phytologist" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="2365 - 2377" refId="B268" refString="Faria, SM, Ringelberg, JJ, Gross, E, Koenen, EJM, Cardoso, D, Ametsitsi, GKD, Akomatey, J, Maluk, M, Tak, N, Gehlot, HS, Wright, KM, Teaumroong, N, Songwattana, P, Lima, HC, Prin, Y, Zartman, CE, Sprent, JI, Ardley, J, Hughes, CE, James, EK, 2022. The innovation of the symbiosome has enhanced the evolutionary stability of nitrogen fixation in legumes. New Phytologist 235: 2365 - 2377, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.18321" title="The innovation of the symbiosome has enhanced the evolutionary stability of nitrogen fixation in legumes." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.18321" volume="235" year="2022">Faria et al. 2022</bibRefCitation>
|
|
). Not all species of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4AB150E70955B89FDF0845BF59D0732E" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Chamaecrista" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Chamaecrista" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="258A6517C3F61A6BABA6D3BD816C8A0E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chamaecrista</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
are known to nodulate and those that do differ in the type of nodule anatomy (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="35D57E72A70F531741EF2BB71DAADDFB" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.18321" author="Faria, SM" journalOrPublisher="New Phytologist" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="2365 - 2377" refId="B268" refString="Faria, SM, Ringelberg, JJ, Gross, E, Koenen, EJM, Cardoso, D, Ametsitsi, GKD, Akomatey, J, Maluk, M, Tak, N, Gehlot, HS, Wright, KM, Teaumroong, N, Songwattana, P, Lima, HC, Prin, Y, Zartman, CE, Sprent, JI, Ardley, J, Hughes, CE, James, EK, 2022. The innovation of the symbiosome has enhanced the evolutionary stability of nitrogen fixation in legumes. New Phytologist 235: 2365 - 2377, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.18321" title="The innovation of the symbiosome has enhanced the evolutionary stability of nitrogen fixation in legumes." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.18321" volume="235" year="2022">Faria et al. 2022</bibRefCitation>
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;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="3CE6D1F269913E03B812EB28154213EC" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1101/2023.12.20.572614" author="Casaes, PA" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B168" refString="Casaes, PA, Santos, JMF, Silva, VC, Rhem, MFK, Cota, MMT, Faria, SM, Rando, JG, James, EK, Gross, E, 2023. The radiation of nodulated Chamaecrista species from the rainforest into more diverse habitats has been accompanied by a reduction in growth form and a shift from fixation threads to symbiosomes. bioRxiv the preprint server for biology. https://doi.org/10.1101/2023.12.20.572614" title="The radiation of nodulated Chamaecrista species from the rainforest into more diverse habitats has been accompanied by a reduction in growth form and a shift from fixation threads to symbiosomes. bioRxiv the preprint server for biology." url="https://doi.org/10.1101/2023.12.20.572614" year="2023">Casaes et al. 2023</bibRefCitation>
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).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
</treatment>
|
|
</document> |