255 lines
31 KiB
XML
255 lines
31 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="AE5F677336116D4BBCE91E807D43DA90">Revision of three camaenid and one bradybaenid species (Gastropoda, Stylommatophora) from China based on morphological and molecular data, with description of a new bradybaenid subspecies from Inner Mongolia, China</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="7DC0C8D29C0CEAF85AAAEAC756B4CC2F">Wang, Pei</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="DC6222E763B7E09AABE0035268599F5B">Xiao, Qiong</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="8564792FBB3416FD8372AC63CF68FB0B">Zhou, Wei-Chuan</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="92F9517713775517B87D74E51CAE4CB3">Hwang, Chung-Chi</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="50C6A7F0DD3DCA35A64C502532CBADB7">2014</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="5524EFA9B89CF7D6976FBCEDDB43E5C2">372</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="9EF1F3B69E0AAAE900FE4260E9617C36">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="E6E80CB2DB00975DD751687CF75EB94B" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.372.6581</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="3A5C212468AE44A1D837B5FEA7C9C5D3" type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-372-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="5C2005722D1BE87F64E5CF2ED3937EB8" type="ZooBank">5766D7E9551345B49C2C23EC9571D857</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="66072C98C2BF7A6FC315E2AE9F0B3F7F" ID-GBIF-Taxon="152050601" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:66072C98C2BF7A6FC315E2AE9F0B3F7F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/66072C98C2BF7A6FC315E2AE9F0B3F7F" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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<subSubSection id="7C6FAB1E8F32C583F85B32E3C9CD6AC4" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="F0033AA28699A408A03E46425952EC11" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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<taxonomicName id="41D86ECBAA5E096EB0CFE9CCC0B1D3B9" ID-CoL="8SYGG" LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Satsuma_mellea_stenozona" authority="Moellendorff, 1884" authorityName="Moellendorff" authorityYear="1884" class="Gastropoda" family="Camaenidae" genus="Satsuma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Satsuma mellea" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subSpecies" species="mellea" subSpecies="stenozona">Satsuma mellea stenozona (Moellendorff, 1884)</taxonomicName>
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Figs 2A; 3A; 4A
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="F0E1931643038202993DFB785259507E" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="1EF4134BC78CE9E9CAB082B14E10CB2F" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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<taxonomicName id="DAC67BE16B68DE9948783409195663DB" class="Gastropoda" family="Helicidae" genus="Helix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helix stenozona" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="stenozona">Helix stenozona</taxonomicName>
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Moellendorff, 1884: 385, pl. 9, figs 5-6.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="EB766336F33F7CF69865FE305636A66E" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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<taxonomicName id="E6781E559651F686FF5EB4D9573DFC85" class="Gastropoda" family="Camaenidae" genus="Euhadra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Euhadra stenozona" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="stenozona">Euhadra stenozona</taxonomicName>
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, Pilsbry, 1890: 119, pl. 27, figs 4-5; Pilsbry, 1895: 214.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="3C2037FD292F7E3658A0F215C69B1F20" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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<taxonomicName id="B6DDFB83B26F3235823431F481A493E5" class="Gastropoda" family="Camaenidae" genus="Bradybaena" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bradybaena stenozona" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="stenozona">Bradybaena stenozona</taxonomicName>
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, Yen, 1939: 132, pl. 13, fig. 53.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="822CB07FCE546FE2139D6582ADD642F7" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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<taxonomicName id="0E37645186623ECA53B27A164C4C7261" class="Gastropoda" family="Camaenidae" genus="Ganesella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ganesella citrina" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="citrina">Ganesella citrina</taxonomicName>
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Zilch, 1940: 113-118, pl. 7, fig. 4; 1966: 208, Pl. 5, fig. 26.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="65335E7A81ECBFC3A2B291F3D0A1B419" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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<taxonomicName id="C7689CCAB49BCD15CD8CEB4180519392" class="Gastropoda" family="Camaenidae" genus="Ganesella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ganesella stenozona" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="stenozona">Ganesella stenozona</taxonomicName>
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, Zilch, 1966: 209, pl. 5, fig. 25.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A2F5F461EFDC38B2FF57B2589F840FE2" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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<taxonomicName id="3C40B480FC4D559046003C5CB0522F82" class="Gastropoda" family="Camaenidae" genus="Bradybaena" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bradybaena (Bradybaena) stenozona" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="stenozona" subGenus="Bradybaena">Bradybaena (Bradybaena) stenozona</taxonomicName>
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, Wu, 1999: 99-100, figs 6.52-14, pl. 11B;
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<bibRefCitation id="9C23E838201DB90ADF2F6733497C3A99" author="Chen, DN" journalOrPublisher="Science Press, Beijing" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="140 - 142" title="Fauna Sinica (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Stylommatophora: Bradybaenidae)." year="2004">Chen and Zhang 2004</bibRefCitation>
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: 140-142, fig. 105.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="98C593E13757615AC25B1BC9499668E3" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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<taxonomicName id="0E2B8B6EC32AAE271D142FAD6BA81029" class="Gastropoda" family="Camaenidae" genus="Satsuma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Satsuma stenozona" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="stenozona">Satsuma stenozona</taxonomicName>
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, Zhou et al., 2011: 52, fig. 1.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="9B7DBE929526D82AB68322FE823FA04B" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="type lo cality">
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<paragraph id="79FE17B6FB65D4DF6F1D77B1DDF5F9E1" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Type lo cality.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="42B84ACA92ABD35251879F24A46CEC6F" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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Fuzhou (
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<geoCoordinate id="119F482909047074F816894057614927" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="26.083334">26°5'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="997A48D5E0688C802526984DEC661B7F" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="119.3">119°18'E</geoCoordinate>
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), China.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="E6DD8DAE2F3B75B4D722AEAD36683757" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="material examined">
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<paragraph id="38285BBE11F29DB6CF833D7ACF8B373D" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="41AFFCA4DE7C48BC864A33EE7FD080A2" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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<taxonomicName id="7118E9E4594DD12B2EABD7D0EC9CE9E7" class="Gastropoda" family="Camaenidae" genus="Bradybaena" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bradybaena stenozona" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="stenozona">Bradybaena stenozona</taxonomicName>
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: Fuzhou, Fujian, Lectotype (SMF 8833), paralectotype (SMF 8832); National Forest Park of Fuzhou, Fujian (May 6, 2007,
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<geoCoordinate id="B53D0A8EA1C4C76C55C91245C82D99AD" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="26.163988">26°09'50.36"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="576E601D1C66E3996ED02C4C40DC1D3C" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="119.281944">119°16'55"E</geoCoordinate>
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; FJIQBC 18220-18237); Drum Mountain of Fuzhou, Fujian (Oct. 16, 2010,
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<geoCoordinate id="4161A80329F8BF50C7470CA1E0B7D1D3" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="26.057222">26°03'26"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="5964DFC99923DE0B59DE0CAC659E4FE2" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="119.40056">119°24'2"E</geoCoordinate>
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; FJIQBC 18238-18245); YuHua Hole of Jiangle, Fujian (Jun. 1, 2007,
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<geoCoordinate id="249C6420432417D45C85EE6DD5F88BF3" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="26.69972">26°41'59"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="B99D3AD4F1551BB33333823BF01D677D" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="117.515274">117°30'55"E</geoCoordinate>
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, FJIQBC 18146-18250).
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<taxonomicName id="D11730C15765612BD360026AE99F524B" class="Gastropoda" family="Camaenidae" genus="Ganesella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ganesella citrina" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="citrina">Ganesella citrina</taxonomicName>
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: Guadun, Wuyi Mountain, Fujian, Holotype (SMF 47228), paratypes (SMF 47229); Wuyi Mountain, Fujian (Oct. 12, 2010,
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<geoCoordinate id="C0B30396F7AAB23AF2EF79D77927705B" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="27.650555">27°39'2"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="56DAEC9AA923ED17EA0665CF30419BCC" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="117.96694">117°58'01"E</geoCoordinate>
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, FJIQBC 18251-18255).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="542E3D78F9CD39C5E9478991170962EB" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="shell">
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<paragraph id="FF1CB69A35E73771D87C4EBE7BC92159" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Shell.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="5E926031384CE12FEE4B4398DBFFDA62" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Dextral,medium sized, about 14.5 mm in height, 21.0 mm in width, thin but solid, straw colored, glossy; 5 1/2 whorls. Apex obtuse. Suture deep. Spire low conical, slowly increasing, slightly convex. Body whorl fast expanding, convex, with weakly angulated margin. Periphery bluntly angulated with red-brown peripheral band, extending from apex to columellar lip. Whorls slightly descending at the front. Surface with oblique, curved growth lines, and staggered, delicate spiral lines. Aperture diagonal and round to lunate. Peristome white, slightly expanded and reflected. Inner lip with thin callus only. Basal lip curved. Columellar lip margin slightly expanded. Umbilicus open, small.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C1EC012E1C9BF263D03E57EE2A9BA16A" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="reproductive system">
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<paragraph id="19C8BB6AAF71F93523EDD62E46AEF329" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Reproductive system.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="D0EF3FAE47D14C98DB271E3F01A99521" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Penis slender, with a short penial caecum near the penis retractor. Epiphallus as wide as penis, half as long as penis. Flagellum short, about 1/5 of length of epiphallus. Penis retractor muscle thin and long. Vas deferens short. Free oviduct moderately long, slightly inflated. Vagina short. Pedunculus of bursa copulatrix inflated at base, fusiform. Bursa copulatrix oval.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="F8F75E94FB6FD868164803AB6B0779A2" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="ecology">
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<paragraph id="1F96D340D3056C9F91D04C1DA676F56A" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Ecology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="61AC64E5E3857C97D41B0B32D16BD3D3" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">One of the collected sites, Yuhua Hole, Jiangle, Fujian belongs to a Karst land form (limestone), all others are on Danxia land forms (acidic soil). Snails generally live under rotten branches and fallen leaves in forests, and actively crawl on trees during rainy seasons. Population density is generally not high in these locations. In Fuzhou, snails become active in early April, brisk in May and June, lie dormant in the soil by the end of October; juveniles and eggs aestivate during winter. Newly hatched snails will grow into adult in 7-8 months, then mate and spawn, about 100-200 eggs at once. Eggs are large, 1.5-2.0 mm in diameter.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="90FFBC2271547B64905FD8A5BD2C1695" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="remark">
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<paragraph id="81AA893682694246F3D21DC582536E21" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Remark.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="D443D80184672E26D20BF74532C0B78B" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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This species has been placed in
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<taxonomicName id="D1B1AEDEEBB0E12EE59268612EFD0D0A" class="Gastropoda" family="Camaenidae" genus="Bradybaena" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bradybaena" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Bradybaena</taxonomicName>
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for a long time. Based on a study of the types,
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<bibRefCitation id="2DBC5552F05DD57399A8DC52E420360C" author="Zilch, A" journalOrPublisher="Archiv fueer Molluskenkunde" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="197 - 223" title="Die Typen und Typoid des Natur-Museums Senckenberg, 34: Mollusca, Camaenidae (4)." volume="95" year="1966">Zilch (1966)</bibRefCitation>
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transferred it to the genus
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<taxonomicName id="C549DF89CE3C2DB312413319F71483DE" class="Gastropoda" family="Camaenidae" genus="Ganesella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ganesella" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Ganesella</taxonomicName>
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, assuming a close relationship with
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<taxonomicName id="AD51DBAF2CB471246732D6A1225F67E7" class="Gastropoda" family="Camaenidae" genus="Ganesella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ganesella mellea subsp. mellea" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subSpecies" species="mellea" subSpecies="mellea">Ganesella mellea mellea</taxonomicName>
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(Pfeiffer, 1866) (=
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<taxonomicName id="27893E1693A31F5E4793952E4B585079" class="Gastropoda" family="Camaenidae" genus="Satsuma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Satsuma mellea" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="mellea">Satsuma mellea</taxonomicName>
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) from Taiwan and
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<taxonomicName id="51BEE931123349527A563E2693D79933" class="Gastropoda" family="Camaenidae" genus="Ganesella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ganesella citrina" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="citrina">Ganesella citrina</taxonomicName>
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Zilch, 1940 from Wuyi Mountain. However, his classification was not refuted subsequently (
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<bibRefCitation id="A4E66E6B7C999C59F1103E2B6D4D9BFC" author="Wu, M" journalOrPublisher="Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" title="Systematic study of the family Bradybaenidae in China (Gastropoda: Stylommatophora)." year="1999">Wu 1999</bibRefCitation>
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;
|
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<bibRefCitation id="98E2E4C6E5D68C5461F9B78AF25D2F8C" author="Chen, DN" journalOrPublisher="Science Press, Beijing" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="140 - 142" title="Fauna Sinica (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Stylommatophora: Bradybaenidae)." year="2004">Chen and Zhang 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Eventually, this species was classified as a member of the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="01F9F2563A5C89E69E20D3FE0BE1208B" class="Gastropoda" family="Camaenidae" genus="Satsuma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Satsuma" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Satsuma</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FD04658E20B771B918CA4CC62664724A" author="Zhou, WC" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="51 - 56" title="Plectotropis yonganensis sp. nov. (Gastropoda: Bradybaenidae) from China, with revision of two Chinese camaenid species (Gastropoda: Camaenidae)." volume="2929" year="2011">Zhou et al. (2011)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
for a lack of accessory sac as well as mucous gland, but the authors
|
||
<normalizedToken id="938CB207771FCF257A1342AE2C01BC71" originalValue="didn’t">didn't</normalizedToken>
|
||
provide any molecular evidence.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="7F4CFB61851CA1DD551566117D167403" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<pageBreakToken id="DF222F3674F6623E2EC2DABC3F29F7BD" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" start="start">In</pageBreakToken>
|
||
the present study, the phylogenetic analyses based on COI showed close phylogenetic relationships and short genetic distances between specimens identified as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EA2231B02F648D233337756614AF37B6" class="Gastropoda" family="Camaenidae" genus="Satsuma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Satsuma stenozona" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="stenozona">Satsuma stenozona</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5E35634F8FA7A4CD7FB753D5C7DE3767" class="Gastropoda" family="Camaenidae" genus="Ganesella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ganesella citrina" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="citrina">Ganesella citrina</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DA3FEFDA3689C324D9CA11B117D7AD22" class="Gastropoda" family="Camaenidae" genus="Satsuma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Satsuma mellea" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="mellea">Satsuma mellea</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Fig. 5). The shell features of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9B8167AB17B71075F6DE5795F9D3C134" class="Gastropoda" family="Camaenidae" genus="Satsuma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Satsuma stenozona" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="stenozona">Satsuma stenozona</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Fuzhou and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9CB773C2500EAE4E28198B70CDCE2FAF" class="Gastropoda" family="Camaenidae" genus="Ganesella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ganesella citrina" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="citrina">Ganesella citrina</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Wuyi Mountain do not reveal obvious differences. The differences mentioned by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EBDD01B569DB4363DF5D9F3A4BA199B7" author="Zilch, A" journalOrPublisher="Archiv fueer Molluskenkunde" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="113 - 118" title="Landschnecken aus Fukien (China)." volume="72" year="1940">Zilch (1940)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, such as the shell dimensions and color bands, are mere variations between individuals and populations. The molecular phylogeny also indicated that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4BB684707412958DC2833B052D8F1369" class="Gastropoda" family="Camaenidae" genus="Satsuma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Satsuma stenozona" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="stenozona">Satsuma stenozona</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="75FB26CA9177DEDD41CDBF54DD503B5F" class="Gastropoda" family="Camaenidae" genus="Ganesella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ganesella citrina" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="citrina">Ganesella citrina</taxonomicName>
|
||
were sister taxa. Therefore, we consider
|
||
<taxonomicName id="93470CEFE4B9CAC0E683DCD3A87E68B6" class="Gastropoda" family="Camaenidae" genus="Ganesella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ganesella citrina" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="citrina">Ganesella citrina</taxonomicName>
|
||
a synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BDB30198FE88483BCECCBE5C4188BCB9" class="Gastropoda" family="Camaenidae" genus="Satsuma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Satsuma stenozona" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="stenozona">Satsuma stenozona</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A3232C2332959E370BB80255920F2513" class="Gastropoda" family="Camaenidae" genus="Satsuma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Satsuma mellea" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="mellea">Satsuma mellea</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9C4EAC72788F6EE4D680005723B69BA1" class="Gastropoda" family="Camaenidae" genus="Satsuma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Satsuma stenozona" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="stenozona">Satsuma stenozona</taxonomicName>
|
||
may be considered as geographical races of the same species for the rather low amounts of morphological and molecular difference (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="CD7639A6BE10972DD1F31839A47130CD" author="Chang, KM" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of Malacology" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="27 - 32" title="Anatomy of Coniglobus mellea (Pfeiffer, 1865) from Taiwan (Pulmonata: Camaenidae)." volume="8" year="1981">Chang 1981</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="25D120ACCE7C1743CD2407644B37AD83" author="Zhou, WC" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="51 - 56" title="Plectotropis yonganensis sp. nov. (Gastropoda: Bradybaenidae) from China, with revision of two Chinese camaenid species (Gastropoda: Camaenidae)." volume="2929" year="2011">Zhou et al. 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Hence, we classified
|
||
<taxonomicName id="52AD3F9F35D8713DBC3E817B2239D9BB" class="Gastropoda" family="Camaenidae" genus="Satsuma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Satsuma stenozona" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="stenozona">Satsuma stenozona</taxonomicName>
|
||
as a subspecies of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FB43DAF8C3952AC7DC95895F7B81B492" class="Gastropoda" family="Camaenidae" genus="Satsuma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Satsuma mellea" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="mellea">Satsuma mellea</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DA3E699E92485EE538E7477E150B2AFB" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<paragraph id="89FBB4BDB9628CD602D45A79B1501A02" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
Figure 2. Photographs of shells. A
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1873E8770DD010F87689DF242945A9A6" class="Gastropoda" family="Camaenidae" genus="Satsuma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Satsuma mellea subsp. stenozona" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subSpecies" species="mellea" subSpecies="stenozona">Satsuma mellea stenozona</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Moellendorff, 1884) (FJIQBC 18221, Fuzhou, China) B
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B7E8726F9697F4CF3D9AACD03CCE4D41" class="Gastropoda" family="Camaenidae" genus="Satsuma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Satsuma meridionalis" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="meridionalis">Satsuma meridionalis</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Moellendorff, 1884) (FJIQBC 18415, Guangdong, China) C
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2133CB199A62031A861982EEA6A7F68E" class="Gastropoda" family="Camaenidae" genus="Satsuma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Satsuma uncopila" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="uncopila">Satsuma uncopila</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Heude, 1882) (FJIQBC 18417, Hangzhou, China) D
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7CDB86EF6AFF4CFC42DA250938BC4835" class="Gastropoda" family="Camaenidae" genus="Bradybaena" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bradybaena virgo subsp. virgo" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subSpecies" species="virgo" subSpecies="virgo">Bradybaena virgo virgo</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Pilsbry, 1927) (FJIQBC 18432, Haerbin, China) E
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E7CD4C6A53DA8D3C49EDA20E05FDD4F9" class="Gastropoda" family="Camaenidae" genus="Bradybaena" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bradybaena virgo subsp. mongolia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subSpecies" species="virgo" subSpecies="mongolia">Bradybaena virgo mongolia</taxonomicName>
|
||
subsp. n. (Holotype, FJIQBC 18466, Inner Mongolia, China).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="E8D38BDF50621693464E43ECDE9EB871" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<paragraph id="6BBF16216F693A16B1C6E487A3CF1659" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
Figure 3. Ecological photographs of snails. A
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1744EF01087452AC4C02A4FD37E54D73" class="Gastropoda" family="Camaenidae" genus="Satsuma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Satsuma mellea subsp. stenozona" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subSpecies" species="mellea" subSpecies="stenozona">Satsuma mellea stenozona</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Moellendorff, 1884) (National Forest Park, Fuzhou, Fujian) B
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1286F89E2800E29EC3DC44451000EB03" class="Gastropoda" family="Camaenidae" genus="Satsuma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Satsuma meridionalis" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="meridionalis">Satsuma meridionalis</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Moellendorff, 1884) (Luofu Mountain, Guangdong) C
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8F62548CD7BC703987DD9218AC17ABDA" class="Gastropoda" family="Camaenidae" genus="Satsuma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Satsuma uncopila" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="uncopila">Satsuma uncopila</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Heude, 1882) (Lingshan Hole, Hangzhou, Zhejiang).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="AE6397C827B70E84F2E8BB377A8217F2" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<paragraph id="916E2E8B1D7EBF074A296C05EBF985A6" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
Figure 4. Reproductive system. A
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B2258CE3EE3819AC412A066ABCFD9176" class="Gastropoda" family="Camaenidae" genus="Satsuma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Satsuma mellea subsp. stenozona" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subSpecies" species="mellea" subSpecies="stenozona">Satsuma mellea stenozona</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Moellendorff, 1884) (FJIQBC 18237, Fuzhou, China) B
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D0FA093228A7E7B1F9226819B9BE576A" class="Gastropoda" family="Camaenidae" genus="Satsuma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Satsuma meridionalis" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="meridionalis">Satsuma meridionalis</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Moellendorff, 1884) (FJIQBC 18416, Guangdong, China) C
|
||
<taxonomicName id="11F77D6CB42B9EA9B079FE208175FAF8" class="Gastropoda" family="Camaenidae" genus="Satsuma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Satsuma uncopila" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="uncopila">Satsuma uncopila</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Heude, 1882) (FJIQBC 18423, Hangzhou, China) D
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1C390C3DC9B4E89E977B22CE0E2A4A8E" class="Gastropoda" family="Camaenidae" genus="Bradybaena" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bradybaena virgo subsp. virgo" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subSpecies" species="virgo" subSpecies="virgo">Bradybaena virgo virgo</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Pilsbry, 1927) (FJIQBC 18462, Haerbin, China) E
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5125A6F34BA0A6357F4802EE05F98BAA" class="Gastropoda" family="Camaenidae" genus="Bradybaena" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bradybaena virgo subsp. mongolia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subSpecies" species="virgo" subSpecies="mongolia">Bradybaena virgo mongolia</taxonomicName>
|
||
subsp. n. (Paratype, FJIQBC 18471, Inner Mongolia, China).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="70463146219F17F957EA87581AC0BC83" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<paragraph id="3CEB5FF37D761BABB2B2FFD3FD4BD84B" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
Figure 5. Phylogenetic tree inferred by maximum likelihood (ML) method based on COI gene. The tree is rooted with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FA6EAF222DC7AAAEBDB38C48A8EBEB01" class="Gastropoda" family="Helicidae" genus="Cornu" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cornu aspersum" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="aspersum">Cornu aspersum</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<normalizedToken id="32A75B935A5E907FDC304DE7183EE3D8" originalValue="Müller">Mueller</normalizedToken>
|
||
, 1774). Numbers near the nodes represent bootstrap values.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |