272 lines
31 KiB
XML
272 lines
31 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="10.5733/afin.053.0206" ID-ISSN="2305-2562" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7918573" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="valdenar" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="valdenar" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="valdenar" IM.metadata_approvedBy="valdenar" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="valdenar" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="valdenar" IM.treatments_approvedBy="valdenar" checkinTime="1683581107404" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Londt, Jason G. H." docDate="2012" docId="4D5087F7752BFFB7FE148638FEF75E4F" docLanguage="en" docName="AfrInvertebr.53.2.661-702.pdf" docOrigin="African Invertebrates 53 (2)" docSource="http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.5733/afin.053.0206" docStyle="DocumentStyle:B78C63EC8CEBBB75364A82B35BB1F83D.4:AfrInvertebr.2008-2015.journal_article.0cover" docStyleId="B78C63EC8CEBBB75364A82B35BB1F83D" docStyleName="AfrInvertebr.2008-2015.journal_article.0cover" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Synolcus ukhahlamba Londt 2012, sp. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="695" masterDocId="B169FF8F750BFF95FFDE851EFFAE5C6D" masterDocTitle="The genus Synolcus Loew, 1858, with descriptions of new species (Diptera: Asilidae)" masterLastPageNumber="661" masterPageNumber="661" pageNumber="693" updateTime="1683701193166" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>The genus Synolcus Loew, 1858, with descriptions of new species (Diptera: Asilidae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Londt, Jason G. H.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>African Invertebrates</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2012</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2012-12-12</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>53</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="issue">
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<mods:number>2</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>661</mods:start>
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<mods:end>661</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.5733/afin.053.0206</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.5733/afin.053.0206</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ISSN">2305-2562</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">7918573</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4D5087F7752BFFB7FE148638FEF75E4F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/4D5087F7752BFFB7FE148638FEF75E4F" lastPageId="34" lastPageNumber="695" pageId="32" pageNumber="693">
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<subSubSection box="[458,789,806,833]" pageId="32" pageNumber="693" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="32.[144,1104,806,1676]" box="[458,789,806,833]" pageId="32" pageNumber="693">
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<heading box="[458,789,806,833]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="32" pageNumber="693" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName authority="Londt, 2012" authorityName="Londt" authorityYear="2012" box="[458,722,806,833]" class="Insecta" family="Asilidae" genus="Synolcus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="693" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ukhahlamba" status="sp. n.">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[458,722,806,833]" pageId="32" pageNumber="693">Synolcus ukhahlamba</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel box="[729,789,807,833]" pageId="32" pageNumber="693" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="34" lastPageNumber="695" pageId="32" pageNumber="693" type="description">
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<paragraph blockId="32.[144,1104,806,1676]" box="[497,750,847,874]" pageId="32" pageNumber="693">
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<figureCitation box="[497,582,847,873]" captionStart="Figs 2–14" captionStartId="5.[181,220,1491,1513]" captionTargetBox="[200,1127,248,1449]" captionTargetId="figure-9@5.[181,1141,223,1472]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figs 2–14. Synolcus species,♂ wing venation:(2) S.acrobaptus (Wiedemann, 1828) (Gydo); (3) S.amnoni Londt, 1990 (Nkhandla); (4) S. argentius Londt, 1990 (5 km NE Grootderm); (5) S.armstrongi sp.n. (Karkloof paratype); (6) S. aurulentus Engel, 1929 (Outeniqua); (7) S. dubius (Macquart, 1846) (Ntumeni); (8) S. griseus Engel, 1927 (Entabeni); (9) S. macrocercus sp. n. (Middelpos paratype); (10) S. malawi Londt, 1990 (Lichenya paratype); (11) S. minor (Bromley, 1947) (Melmoth); (12) S. namibiensis sp. n. (Ai-Ais paratype); (13) S. spinosus Londt, 1980 (Gladdespruit paratype); (14) S. ukhahlamba sp. n. (Monks Cowl holotype)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7918577" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7918577/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="693">Figs 14</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation box="[594,669,847,874]" captionStart="Figs 72–75" captionStartId="33.[181,220,746,768]" captionTargetBox="[206,1120,209,720]" captionTargetId="figure-359@33.[181,1141,204,726]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="Figs 72–75. Synolcus ukhahlamba sp. n., holotype male genitalia (Monk’s Cowl): (72) lateral, (73) dorsal, (74) ventral, (75) gonocoxite and gonostylus. Scale line 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7918607" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7918607/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="693">72–75</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation box="[680,710,847,873]" captionStart="Figs 76–86" captionStartId="36.[144,183,1486,1508]" captionTargetBox="[164,1091,214,1460]" captionTargetId="figure-7@36.[144,1104,204,1465]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="Figs 76–86. Synolcus species, ovipositor: (76) S. acrobaptus (Wiedemann, 1828) (Cape Town); (77) S. argentius Londt, 1990 (5 km NE Grootderm, redrawn from Londt 1990); (78) S. armstrongi sp. n. (Karkloof paratype);(79) S.aurulentus Engel,1929 (Knysna Forest, redrawn from Londt 1980); (80) S. dubius (Macquart, 1846) (Coffee Bay, redrawn from Londt 1980); (81) S. grieseus Engel, 1927 (Entabeni,redrawn from Londt 1980); (82) S.macrocercus sp.n.(Worcester paratype);(83) S. minor (Bromley, 1947) (Ngome, redrawn from Londt 1990); (84) S. namibiensis sp. n. (Ai-Ais paratype); (85) S. spinosus Londt, 1980 (Gladdespruit paratype, from Londt 1980); (86) S. ukhahlamba sp. n. (Injasuti paratype). Scale lines 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7918609" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7918609/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="693">86</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation box="[722,750,847,873]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="39.[181,214,1598,1620]" captionTargetBox="[303,1029,973,1537]" captionTargetId="figure-52@39.[284,1040,962,1560]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="Fig.91.The distributionsSynolcus species:S.amnoni Londt,1990 – squares,S.griseusEngel,1927 – circles, S. spinosus Londt, 1980 – triangles, S. ukhahlamba sp. n. – diamonds." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7918619" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7918619/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="693">91</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="32.[144,1104,806,1676]" pageId="32" pageNumber="693">Etymology: Named after the uKhahlamba Drakensberg Park, a World Heritage Site, as all known records are from this mountainous region.</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="32.[144,1104,806,1676]" box="[144,283,959,985]" pageId="32" pageNumber="693">Description:</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="32.[144,1104,806,1676]" box="[144,208,1000,1026]" pageId="32" pageNumber="693">
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<emphasis box="[144,202,1000,1026]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="693">Male</emphasis>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="32.[144,1104,806,1676]" pageId="32" pageNumber="693">
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<emphasis box="[144,205,1040,1066]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="693">Head</emphasis>
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: Dark red-brown to blackish, strongly gold-silver pruinose, black and pale yellow setose.Antenna: Dark redbrown to blackish, fine silvergray pruinose, scape and pedicel black (ventrally) and pale yellow (dorsally) setose, postpedicel with few yellowish setae dorsally; mean segmental ratios 1:0.7:1.2:1.0 (0.1:0.7:0.1), i.e. pedicel shorter than scape, postpedicel a little longer than scape, stylus as long as scape. Face: Blackish, strongly gold-silver pruinose. Mystax black (dorsally) and pale yellow (ventrally), setae slightly better developed ventrally. Frons and vertex: Blackish, gold-silver pruinose, black setose (including ocellar setae). Occiput: Blackish, strongly silver pruinose, black (dorsally) and pale yellowish (centrally and ventrally) setose.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="32.[144,1104,806,1676]" lastBlockId="33.[181,1142,841,1676]" lastPageId="33" lastPageNumber="694" pageId="32" pageNumber="693">
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<emphasis box="[144,225,1329,1355]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="693">Thorax</emphasis>
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: Dark red-brown to blackish, silver, gold-silver and dark brown pruinose, black, pale yellow and white setose. Prothorax: Dark red-brown to blackish, strongly gold-silver pruinose, pale yellow setose. Mesonotum: Dark red-brown to blackish, silver (posteriorly) gold-silver (anteriorly) pruinose with dark brown pruinose median band and lateral patches, macrosetae mostly black (few pale yellow as listed below), minor setae short blackish (mainly anteriorly) and longish pale yellow-white (mainly posteriorly). Macrosetae:
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<emphasis box="[288,325,1522,1547]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="693">acr</emphasis>
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poorly developed anteriorly,
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<emphasis box="[657,683,1521,1547]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="693">dc</emphasis>
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moderately well-developed posterior of transverse suture and extending weakly anterior of suture, 2
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<emphasis box="[845,881,1553,1579]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="693">npl</emphasis>
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, 3–5
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<emphasis box="[945,992,1553,1579]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="693">spal</emphasis>
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(different on either side, some fairly weak), 2
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<emphasis box="[532,568,1585,1611]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="693">pal</emphasis>
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(1 strong black, 1 weak pale yellow). Scutellum: Dark red-brown to blackish, hind margin somewhat yellowish, silvery pruinose, disc black setose, 1 pair apical macrosetae (1 black, 1 pale yellow). Pleura: Dark red-brown to black, silver to gold-silver pruinose, weakly white and pale yellow setose except for stronger
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<emphasis box="[278,312,873,899]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="694">ktg</emphasis>
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. Legs:
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<emphasis box="[390,421,874,900]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="694">Cx</emphasis>
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dark red-brown to black, gold-silver pruinose, pale yellow setose;
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<emphasis box="[181,206,906,931]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="694">cx</emphasis>
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3 with 1 lateral macroseta.
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<emphasis box="[499,537,906,931]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="694">Tro</emphasis>
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dark red-brown, largely apruinose, weakly pale yellow setose.
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<emphasis box="[262,312,938,963]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="694">Fem</emphasis>
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mainly orange with dark red-brown to black anterodorsal faces, major setae mixed pale yellow and black, minor setae pale yellow.
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<emphasis box="[822,858,969,995]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="694">Tib</emphasis>
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extensively orange with dark red-brown distal tips, major setae mixed black and pale yellow, minor setae pale yellow.
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<emphasis box="[269,307,1034,1059]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="694">Tar</emphasis>
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dark red-brown, major and minor setae mixed black and pale yellow. Wing (
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<figureCitation box="[190,273,1065,1091]" captionStart="Figs 2–14" captionStartId="5.[181,220,1491,1513]" captionTargetBox="[200,1127,248,1449]" captionTargetId="figure-9@5.[181,1141,223,1472]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figs 2–14. Synolcus species,♂ wing venation:(2) S.acrobaptus (Wiedemann, 1828) (Gydo); (3) S.amnoni Londt, 1990 (Nkhandla); (4) S. argentius Londt, 1990 (5 km NE Grootderm); (5) S.armstrongi sp.n. (Karkloof paratype); (6) S. aurulentus Engel, 1929 (Outeniqua); (7) S. dubius (Macquart, 1846) (Ntumeni); (8) S. griseus Engel, 1927 (Entabeni); (9) S. macrocercus sp. n. (Middelpos paratype); (10) S. malawi Londt, 1990 (Lichenya paratype); (11) S. minor (Bromley, 1947) (Melmoth); (12) S. namibiensis sp. n. (Ai-Ais paratype); (13) S. spinosus Londt, 1980 (Gladdespruit paratype); (14) S. ukhahlamba sp. n. (Monks Cowl holotype)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7918577" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7918577/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="694">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
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): Veins mostly dark red-brown, anterior veins more orange-brown proximally, membrane transparent. Cell
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<emphasis box="[499,522,1098,1123]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="694">sc</emphasis>
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lacking sc–r. Cells
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<emphasis box="[743,754,1098,1123]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="694">r</emphasis>
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1 and
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<emphasis box="[822,833,1098,1123]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="694">r</emphasis>
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2+3 considerably expanded and displaying corrugations. Wing length × breadth 9.6 ×
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<quantity box="[832,922,1129,1156]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.1" pageId="33" pageNumber="694" unit="mm" value="4.1">4.1 mm</quantity>
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. Haltere: Yellowish with slightly darker proximal end.
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</paragraph>
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<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7918607" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7918607" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7918607/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="694" startId="33.[181,220,746,768]" targetBox="[206,1120,209,720]" targetPageId="33" targetType="figure">
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<paragraph blockId="33.[181,1142,746,792]" pageId="33" pageNumber="694">
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Figs 72–75.
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<taxonomicName authority="Londt, 2012" authorityName="Londt" authorityYear="2012" box="[294,492,746,767]" class="Insecta" family="Asilidae" genus="Synolcus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="694" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ukhahlamba" status="sp. n.">
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<emphasis box="[294,492,746,767]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="694">Synolcus ukhahlamba</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel box="[498,548,747,768]" pageId="33" pageNumber="694" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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, holotype male genitalia (Monk’s Cowl): (72) lateral, (73) dorsal, (74) ventral, (75) gonocoxite and gonostylus. Scale line 1 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph blockId="33.[181,1142,841,1676]" pageId="33" pageNumber="694">
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<emphasis box="[181,287,1193,1219]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="694">Abdomen</emphasis>
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: Dark red-brown to black, gold-silver pruinose, pale yellow setose. T1 uniformly gold-silver pruinose, 3 pale yellow macrosetae laterally accompanied by many pale yellow setae. T2–8 gold-silver pruinose, pale yellow pruinose, pale yellow setose (including
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<emphasis box="[304,316,1290,1315]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="694">c</emphasis>
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. 3 posterolateral macrosetae). S similar to T.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="33.[181,1142,841,1676]" pageId="33" pageNumber="694">
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Terminalia (
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<figureCitation box="[343,477,1321,1348]" captionStart="Figs 72–75" captionStartId="33.[181,220,746,768]" captionTargetBox="[206,1120,209,720]" captionTargetId="figure-359@33.[181,1141,204,726]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="Figs 72–75. Synolcus ukhahlamba sp. n., holotype male genitalia (Monk’s Cowl): (72) lateral, (73) dorsal, (74) ventral, (75) gonocoxite and gonostylus. Scale line 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7918607" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7918607/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="694">Figs 72–75</figureCitation>
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):
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<emphasis box="[495,568,1321,1347]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="694">Epand</emphasis>
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in lateral view (
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<figureCitation box="[749,829,1321,1347]" captionStart="Figs 72–75" captionStartId="33.[181,220,746,768]" captionTargetBox="[206,1120,209,720]" captionTargetId="figure-359@33.[181,1141,204,726]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="Figs 72–75. Synolcus ukhahlamba sp. n., holotype male genitalia (Monk’s Cowl): (72) lateral, (73) dorsal, (74) ventral, (75) gonocoxite and gonostylus. Scale line 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7918607" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7918607/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="694">Fig. 72</figureCitation>
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) elongate oval, a little more than twice as long as deep, with broadly rounded distal end;
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<emphasis box="[893,961,1353,1379]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="694">epand</emphasis>
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lobes in dorsal view closely associated proximally before diverging to fairly well separated distal tips (
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<figureCitation box="[190,275,1417,1443]" captionStart="Figs 72–75" captionStartId="33.[181,220,746,768]" captionTargetBox="[206,1120,209,720]" captionTargetId="figure-359@33.[181,1141,204,726]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="Figs 72–75. Synolcus ukhahlamba sp. n., holotype male genitalia (Monk’s Cowl): (72) lateral, (73) dorsal, (74) ventral, (75) gonocoxite and gonostylus. Scale line 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7918607" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7918607/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="694">Fig. 73</figureCitation>
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). S8 short, posterior margin somewhat trifurcate (
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<figureCitation box="[841,926,1417,1443]" captionStart="Figs 72–75" captionStartId="33.[181,220,746,768]" captionTargetBox="[206,1120,209,720]" captionTargetId="figure-359@33.[181,1141,204,726]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="Figs 72–75. Synolcus ukhahlamba sp. n., holotype male genitalia (Monk’s Cowl): (72) lateral, (73) dorsal, (74) ventral, (75) gonocoxite and gonostylus. Scale line 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7918607" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7918607/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="694">Fig. 74</figureCitation>
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).
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<emphasis box="[947,1008,1417,1443]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="694">Hypd</emphasis>
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moderately developed with slightly medially protruding posterior margin (
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<figureCitation box="[871,954,1449,1475]" captionStart="Figs 72–75" captionStartId="33.[181,220,746,768]" captionTargetBox="[206,1120,209,720]" captionTargetId="figure-359@33.[181,1141,204,726]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="Figs 72–75. Synolcus ukhahlamba sp. n., holotype male genitalia (Monk’s Cowl): (72) lateral, (73) dorsal, (74) ventral, (75) gonocoxite and gonostylus. Scale line 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7918607" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7918607/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="694">Fig. 74</figureCitation>
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).
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<emphasis box="[972,1039,1450,1476]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="694">Gonst</emphasis>
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in lateral view with fairly large distal end (
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<figureCitation box="[540,621,1481,1508]" captionStart="Figs 72–75" captionStartId="33.[181,220,746,768]" captionTargetBox="[206,1120,209,720]" captionTargetId="figure-359@33.[181,1141,204,726]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="Figs 72–75. Synolcus ukhahlamba sp. n., holotype male genitalia (Monk’s Cowl): (72) lateral, (73) dorsal, (74) ventral, (75) gonocoxite and gonostylus. Scale line 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7918607" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7918607/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="694">Fig. 75</figureCitation>
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).
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<emphasis box="[639,682,1481,1507]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="694">Aed</emphasis>
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with elongate, sinuous, filamentous distal region (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[268,353,1513,1539]" captionStart="Figs 72–75" captionStartId="33.[181,220,746,768]" captionTargetBox="[206,1120,209,720]" captionTargetId="figure-359@33.[181,1141,204,726]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="Figs 72–75. Synolcus ukhahlamba sp. n., holotype male genitalia (Monk’s Cowl): (72) lateral, (73) dorsal, (74) ventral, (75) gonocoxite and gonostylus. Scale line 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7918607" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7918607/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="694">Fig. 72</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="33.[181,1142,841,1676]" pageId="33" pageNumber="694">
|
||
<emphasis box="[181,265,1553,1579]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="694">Female</emphasis>
|
||
: Essentially similar to male. All mesonotal macrosetae black. Scutellar apical macrosetae all black. Wing length × breadth (mean, n= 5) 11.1 (9.2–12.7) × 4.1 (3.5– 4.6) mm (on average bigger than male). Terminalia (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[759,842,1617,1643]" captionStart="Figs 76–86" captionStartId="36.[144,183,1486,1508]" captionTargetBox="[164,1091,214,1460]" captionTargetId="figure-7@36.[144,1104,204,1465]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="Figs 76–86. Synolcus species, ovipositor: (76) S. acrobaptus (Wiedemann, 1828) (Cape Town); (77) S. argentius Londt, 1990 (5 km NE Grootderm, redrawn from Londt 1990); (78) S. armstrongi sp. n. (Karkloof paratype);(79) S.aurulentus Engel,1929 (Knysna Forest, redrawn from Londt 1980); (80) S. dubius (Macquart, 1846) (Coffee Bay, redrawn from Londt 1980); (81) S. grieseus Engel, 1927 (Entabeni,redrawn from Londt 1980); (82) S.macrocercus sp.n.(Worcester paratype);(83) S. minor (Bromley, 1947) (Ngome, redrawn from Londt 1990); (84) S. namibiensis sp. n. (Ai-Ais paratype); (85) S. spinosus Londt, 1980 (Gladdespruit paratype, from Londt 1980); (86) S. ukhahlamba sp. n. (Injasuti paratype). Scale lines 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7918609" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7918609/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="694">Fig. 86</figureCitation>
|
||
): Ovipositor laterally compressed, knife-like, fairly short (almost twice as long as deep).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="34.[144,1105,203,546]" pageId="34" pageNumber="695">
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2006-01-25" collectorName="Park Monk's Cowl N. R. & J. G. H. Londt" country="South Africa" elevation="1462" latitude="-29.050833" location="South Africa" longLatPrecision="20" longitude="29.403334" municipality="Rank" pageId="34" pageNumber="695" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<typeStatus box="[144,232,203,225]" pageId="34" pageNumber="695">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
:
|
||
<specimenCount box="[239,256,204,225]" pageId="34" pageNumber="695" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[260,426,204,225]" name="South Africa" pageId="34" pageNumber="695">SOUTH AFRICA</collectingCountry>
|
||
: ‘
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4D5087F7752BFFB7FE148638FEF75E4F:C026603A7529FFB7FE6B85D5FD855C8C" box="[437,555,203,225]" country="South Africa" latitude="-29.050833" longLatPrecision="20" longitude="29.403334" municipality="Rank" name="South Africa" pageId="34" pageNumber="695">South Africa</location>
|
||
KZNatal / uKhahlambaDrakensberg /
|
||
<collectorName pageId="34" pageNumber="695">
|
||
Park Monk’s Cowl
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="34" pageNumber="695" rank="subSpecies">N. R.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</collectorName>
|
||
/
|
||
<geoCoordinate box="[182,285,228,249]" degrees="29" direction="south" minutes="03" orientation="latitude" pageId="34" pageNumber="695" precision="15" seconds="03" value="-29.050833">29°03'03"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate box="[291,394,228,249]" degrees="29" direction="east" minutes="24" orientation="longitude" pageId="34" pageNumber="695" precision="15" seconds="12" value="29.403334">29°24'12"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
/
|
||
<date box="[413,498,227,249]" pageId="34" pageNumber="695" value="2006-01-25">
|
||
<collectingDate box="[413,498,227,249]" pageId="34" pageNumber="695" value="2006-01-25">25.i.2006</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
<collectorName box="[504,622,227,249]" pageId="34" pageNumber="695">J.G.H. Londt</collectorName>
|
||
/
|
||
<quantity box="[640,703,227,249]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.462" pageId="34" pageNumber="695" unit="m" value="1462.0">
|
||
<elevation box="[640,703,227,249]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.462" pageId="34" pageNumber="695" unit="m" value="1462.0">1462m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
<collectingMunicipality box="[708,756,227,249]" pageId="34" pageNumber="695">Rank</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
stream veget’.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="34.[144,1105,203,546]" pageId="34" pageNumber="695">
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1983-12-05" collectingDateMax="1983-12-11" collectingDateMin="1983-12-05" collectorName="Coll J. G. H. Londt" country="South Africa" location="Natal" municipality="South Africa" pageId="34" pageNumber="695" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-female="3" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<typeStatus box="[144,236,260,281]" pageId="34" pageNumber="695">Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[246,415,260,281]" name="South Africa" pageId="34" pageNumber="695">SOUTH AFRICA</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<specimenCount box="[426,454,260,281]" pageId="34" pageNumber="695" type="female">3♀</specimenCount>
|
||
‘
|
||
<collectingMunicipality box="[465,591,259,281]" pageId="34" pageNumber="695">South Africa</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
:
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4D5087F7752BFFB7FE148638FEF75E4F:C026603A7529FFB7FD87841DFD245D74" box="[601,650,259,281]" country="South Africa" municipality="South Africa" name="Natal" pageId="34" pageNumber="695">Natal</location>
|
||
/ Injasuti Nature Res. / 2929AB
|
||
<date box="[964,1089,259,281]" pageId="34" pageNumber="695" value="1983-12-05" valueMax="1983-12-11" valueMin="1983-12-05">
|
||
<collectingDate box="[964,1089,259,281]" pageId="34" pageNumber="695" value="1983-12-05" valueMax="1983-12-11" valueMin="1983-12-05">5–11.xii.1983</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
/
|
||
<collectorName box="[144,308,283,305]" pageId="34" pageNumber="695">Coll J.G.H. Londt</collectorName>
|
||
/ at M/V light trap’
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1998-01-28" collectorName="S Africa & Coll S. James & Grassland" country="South Africa" elevation="1680" latitude="-27.556667" location="Groenvlei" longLatPrecision="123" longitude="30.34" municipality="Mount Ararat" pageId="34" pageNumber="695" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<specimenCount box="[502,531,284,305]" pageId="34" pageNumber="695" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
|
||
‘
|
||
<collectorName box="[542,621,283,305]" pageId="34" pageNumber="695">S Africa</collectorName>
|
||
KZNatal #14 1998 /
|
||
<collectingMunicipality box="[825,949,284,305]" pageId="34" pageNumber="695">Mount Ararat</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
near
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4D5087F7752BFFB7FE148638FEF75E4F:C026603A7529FFB7FC368405FBED5D5C" box="[1000,1091,283,305]" country="South Africa" latitude="-27.556667" longLatPrecision="123" longitude="30.34" municipality="Mount Ararat" name="Groenvlei" pageId="34" pageNumber="695">Groenvlei</location>
|
||
/
|
||
<geoCoordinate box="[144,232,308,329]" degrees="27" direction="south" minutes="33.4" orientation="latitude" pageId="34" pageNumber="695" precision="92" value="-27.556667">27°33.4'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate box="[236,326,308,329]" degrees="30" direction="east" minutes="20.4" orientation="longitude" pageId="34" pageNumber="695" precision="92" value="30.34">30°20.4'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<quantity box="[330,393,307,329]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.68" pageId="34" pageNumber="695" unit="m" value="1680.0">
|
||
<elevation box="[330,393,307,329]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.68" pageId="34" pageNumber="695" unit="m" value="1680.0">1680m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
/ Date
|
||
<date box="[456,569,308,329]" pageId="34" pageNumber="695" value="1998-01-28">
|
||
<collectingDate box="[456,569,308,329]" pageId="34" pageNumber="695" value="1998-01-28">28Jan1998</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
/
|
||
<collectorName box="[585,706,307,329]" pageId="34" pageNumber="695">Coll S. James</collectorName>
|
||
/
|
||
<collectorName box="[722,813,307,329]" pageId="34" pageNumber="695">Grassland</collectorName>
|
||
next to indig. forest’
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2001-01-04" collectorName="A. Armstrong & T. Ndlovu & Record ID & Grassland'" country="South Africa" latitude="-30.472778" location="Mount Currie Nat. Res." longLatPrecision="20" longitude="29.409721" municipality="South Africa" pageId="34" pageNumber="695" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="KwaZulu-Natal" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<specimenCount box="[1010,1038,308,329]" pageId="34" pageNumber="695" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
|
||
‘
|
||
<collectingMunicipality pageId="34" pageNumber="695">South Africa</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
/
|
||
<collectingRegion box="[219,361,331,353]" country="South Africa" name="KwaZulu-Natal" pageId="34" pageNumber="695">KwaZuluNatal</collectingRegion>
|
||
/
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4D5087F7752BFFB7FE148638FEF75E4F:C026603A7529FFB7FEA48452FDFE5D0C" box="[378,592,331,353]" country="South Africa" latitude="-30.472778" longLatPrecision="20" longitude="29.409721" municipality="South Africa" name="Mount Currie Nat. Res." pageId="34" pageNumber="695" stateProvince="KwaZulu-Natal">Mount Currie Nat. Res.</location>
|
||
/
|
||
<geoCoordinate box="[608,711,332,353]" degrees="30" direction="south" minutes="28" orientation="latitude" pageId="34" pageNumber="695" precision="15" seconds="22" value="-30.472778">30°28'22"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
/
|
||
<geoCoordinate box="[728,832,331,353]" degrees="29" direction="east" minutes="24" orientation="longitude" pageId="34" pageNumber="695" precision="15" seconds="35" value="29.409721">29°24'35"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
/
|
||
<date box="[849,935,332,353]" pageId="34" pageNumber="695" value="2001-01-04">
|
||
<collectingDate box="[849,935,332,353]" pageId="34" pageNumber="695" value="2001-01-04">4/1/2001</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
’, ‘
|
||
<collectorName box="[953,1080,332,353]" pageId="34" pageNumber="695">A. Armstrong</collectorName>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectorName box="[144,235,355,377]" pageId="34" pageNumber="695">T. Ndlovu</collectorName>
|
||
/ NCS
|
||
<collectorName box="[302,401,355,377]" pageId="34" pageNumber="695">Record ID</collectorName>
|
||
: 162186 /
|
||
<collectorName box="[495,596,355,377]" pageId="34" pageNumber="695">Grassland’</collectorName>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="34.[144,1105,203,546]" pageId="34" pageNumber="695">
|
||
Distribution, phenology and biology: Restricted to
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[729,876,392,418]" name="South Africa" pageId="34" pageNumber="695">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||
, this is a
|
||
<collectingRegion country="South Africa" name="KwaZulu-Natal" pageId="34" pageNumber="695">KwaZulu-Natal</collectingRegion>
|
||
endemic (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[327,411,424,450]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="39.[181,214,1598,1620]" captionTargetBox="[303,1029,973,1537]" captionTargetId="figure-52@39.[284,1040,962,1560]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="Fig.91.The distributionsSynolcus species:S.amnoni Londt,1990 – squares,S.griseusEngel,1927 – circles, S. spinosus Londt, 1980 – triangles, S. ukhahlamba sp. n. – diamonds." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7918619" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7918619/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="695">Fig. 91</figureCitation>
|
||
), being collected from high altitude areas. Adults fly during the midsummer months of December and January (Table 1). Label data and personal experience indicate that the species inhabits rank vegetation and grassland adjacent to indigenous forest.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |