165 lines
20 KiB
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165 lines
20 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="8361F8B99D985648E9BDD8203A3D851A">A new species of the spider genus Tekellina Levi, 1957 from Chile, with a broadened definition of the family Synotaxidae (Arachnida, Araneae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="4002B46F877273FB5041B5969E1B50F5">Ramírez, Martín J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="4D5FB01416D9FE2B4FD21DDF577112A6">Magalhaes, Ivan L. F.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="18EF83CA797B76D5AD74B4CEEC42109A">Pizarro-Araya, Jaime</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="16DC190FFFEEBB8A0AEEE13F93DD856D">Ballarin, Francesco</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="289499087A435A17B8DBEE27F60F96B1">Eskov, Kirill Yu.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="96BC9B08D1011DCA1CEA204471917E41">Zoologischer Anzeiger</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="74ED6D7F9AA17FC1321E0A36A4549C69">2022</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="178B1333B8FCA0E278DCED7670A668D4">2022-11-30</mods:number>
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<treatment id="4D1FBE77FFD2B237FCB6FC4BFC3E208F" ID-GBIF-Taxon="247967082" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4D1FBE77FFD2B237FCB6FC4BFC3E208F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/4D1FBE77FFD2B237FCB6FC4BFC3E208F" lastPageNumber="81" pageId="5" pageNumber="81" scope_class="Arachnida" scope_order="Araneae">
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<subSubSection id="8DAC5CEAFFD2B237FCB6FC4BFB842699" box="[884,1116,990,1009]" pageId="5" pageNumber="81" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="C5090F61FFD2B237FCB6FC4BFB842699" blockId="5.[818,1487,990,1511]" box="[884,1116,990,1009]" pageId="5" pageNumber="81">
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<taxonomicName id="02B674E2FFD2B237FCB6FC4BFB842699" ID-CoL="GVB" authority="Simon, 1894" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1894" box="[884,1116,990,1009]" class="Arachnida" family="Synotaxidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Synotaxidae Simon, 1894</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="8DAC5CEAFFD2B237FC93FC6FFC4B2109" pageId="5" pageNumber="81" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="C5090F61FFD2B237FC93FC6FFA182165" blockId="5.[818,1487,990,1511]" box="[849,1472,1018,1037]" pageId="5" pageNumber="81">
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Synotaxeae Simon 1894: 494 (
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<typeStatus id="1A0DB1C3FFD2B237FBB3FC6FFB432165" box="[1137,1179,1018,1037]" pageId="5" pageNumber="81">type</typeStatus>
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genus
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<taxonomicName id="02B674E2FFD2B237FB1CFC6FFA6D2165" authority="Simon 1894" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1894" box="[1246,1461,1018,1037]" class="Arachnida" family="Synotaxidae" genus="Synotaxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="F7C2D373FFD2B237FB1CFC6FFAE12165" bold="true" box="[1246,1337,1018,1037]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="81">Synotaxus</emphasis>
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Simon 1894
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</taxonomicName>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="C5090F61FFD2B237FC93FB83FB522141" blockId="5.[818,1487,990,1511]" box="[849,1162,1046,1065]" pageId="5" pageNumber="81">
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<taxonomicName id="02B674E2FFD2B237FC93FB83FB5C2141" authority=", Forster et al., 1990" authorityName="Forster" authorityYear="1990" box="[849,1156,1046,1065]" class="Arachnida" family="Synotaxidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">
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Synotaxidae,
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<bibRefCitation id="A1277290FFD2B237FC12FB83FB5C2141" author="Forster, R. R. & Platnick, N. I. & Coddington, J. A." box="[976,1156,1046,1065]" pageId="5" pageNumber="81" pagination="1 - 116" refId="ref12004" refString="Forster, R. R., Platnick, N. I., Coddington, J. A., 1990. A proposal and review of the spider family Synotaxidae (Araneae, Araneoidea), with notes on theridiid interrelationships. Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist. 193, 1 - 116." type="journal article" year="1990">Forster et al., 1990</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="C5090F61FFD2B237FC93FBA7FC4B2109" blockId="5.[818,1487,990,1511]" pageId="5" pageNumber="81">
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<taxonomicName id="02B674E2FFD2B237FC93FBA7FB09212D" authority=", Dimitrov et al., 2017: 241" authorityName="Dimitrov" authorityPageNumber="241" authorityYear="2017" box="[849,1233,1074,1093]" class="Arachnida" family="Synotaxidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">
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Synotaxidae,
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<bibRefCitation id="A1277290FFD2B237FC10FBA7FB09212D" author="Dimitrov, D. & Benavides, L. R. & Arnedo, M. A. & Giribet, G. & Griswold, C. E. & Scharff, N. & Hormiga, G." box="[978,1233,1074,1093]" pageId="5" pageNumber="81" pagination="221 - 250" refId="ref11757" refString="Dimitrov, D., Benavides, L. R., Arnedo, M. A., Giribet, G., Griswold, C. E., Scharff, N., Hormiga, G., 2017. Rounding up the usual suspects: a standard target-gene approach for resolving the interfamilial phylogenetic relationships of ecribellate orb-weaving spiders with a new family-rank classification (Araneae, Araneoidea). Cladistics 33, 221 - 250." type="journal article" year="2017">Dimitrov et al., 2017: 241</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
. Relimited to include only
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<taxonomicName id="02B674E2FFD2B237FCF0FBDBFC552109" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1894" box="[818,909,1102,1121]" class="Arachnida" family="Synotaxidae" genus="Synotaxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="F7C2D373FFD2B237FCF0FBDBFC552109" bold="true" box="[818,909,1102,1121]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="81">Synotaxus</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="8DAC5CEAFFD2B237FC93FBFFFC5121B9" pageId="5" pageNumber="81" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="C5090F61FFD2B237FC93FBFFFC5121B9" blockId="5.[818,1487,990,1511]" pageId="5" pageNumber="81">
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Remarks: Herein we expand the boundaries of the family on the base of the results of our molecular analysis. Consequently, we include in
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<taxonomicName id="02B674E2FFD2B237FCF0FB34FC7C21DC" box="[818,932,1185,1204]" class="Arachnida" family="Synotaxidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Synotaxidae</taxonomicName>
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the genera
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<emphasis id="F7C2D373FFD2B237FBE7FB34FAF521DC" bold="true" box="[1061,1325,1185,1205]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="81">
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<taxonomicName id="02B674E2FFD2B237FBE7FB34FB5F21DC" authorityName="Keyserling" authorityYear="1884" box="[1061,1159,1185,1204]" class="Arachnida" family="Nesticidae" genus="Gaucelmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Gaucelmus</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="02B674E2FFD2B237FB5AFB37FB0021DD" authorityName="Ballarin & Li" authorityYear="2015" box="[1176,1240,1186,1205]" class="Arachnida" family="Nesticidae" genus="Hamus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Hamus</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="02B674E2FFD2B237FB2AFB34FAF521DC" authorityName="Ballarin & Li" authorityYear="2015" box="[1256,1325,1185,1204]" class="Arachnida" family="Nesticidae" genus="Nescina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Nescina</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="02B674E2FFD2B237FAFDFB34FA4221DC" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1894" box="[1343,1434,1185,1204]" class="Arachnida" family="Synotaxidae" genus="Synotaxus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="F7C2D373FFD2B237FAFDFB34FA4221DC" bold="true" box="[1343,1434,1185,1204]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="81">Synotaxus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, and
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<taxonomicName id="02B674E2FFD2B237FCF0FB28FC5B21B8" authorityName="Levi" authorityYear="1957" box="[818,899,1213,1232]" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiidae" genus="Tekellina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="F7C2D373FFD2B237FCF0FB28FC5B21B8" bold="true" box="[818,899,1213,1232]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="81">Tekellina</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8DAC5CEAFFD2B237FC93FB4CFC3E208F" pageId="5" pageNumber="81" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="C5090F61FFD2B237FC93FB4CFA172010" blockId="5.[818,1487,990,1511]" pageId="5" pageNumber="81">
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<emphasis id="F7C2D373FFD2B237FC93FB4CFBCA2184" bold="true" box="[849,1042,1241,1260]" pageId="5" pageNumber="81">Revised diagnosis:</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="02B674E2FFD2B237FBDDFB4CFB492184" box="[1055,1169,1241,1260]" class="Arachnida" family="Synotaxidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Synotaxidae</taxonomicName>
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is similar to
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<taxonomicName id="02B674E2FFD2B237FAE6FB4CFA732184" authorityName="Petrunkevitch" authorityYear="1928" box="[1316,1451,1241,1260]" class="Arachnida" family="Physoglenidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Physoglenidae</taxonomicName>
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by having an integral conductor and a depressed area on the retrolateral margin of the cymbium, but such depression is wide in
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<taxonomicName id="02B674E2FFD2B237FA9FFA84FA17204C" box="[1373,1487,1297,1316]" class="Arachnida" family="Synotaxidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Synotaxidae</taxonomicName>
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(
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<figureCitation id="5D8D13E4FFD2B237FCF8FAB8FC5F2028" box="[826,903,1325,1344]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="9.[100,130,1171,1188]" captionTargetBox="[207,1380,149,1143]" captionTargetId="figure-8@9.[206,1381,148,1144]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Fig. 9. Tekellina araucana sp. n., male palp. A, right palp (image flipped to show as left palp), retrolateral view; B, ventral; C, prolateral; D, dorsal; E, apical. F, left palp partially expanded (Abbreviations: Cp prolateral arm of conductor, Cp* end of prolateral arm of conductor, Cr retrolateral arm of conductor, Cv ventral arm of conductor, E embolus, Pc paracymbium, Pcd depression behind paracymbium, T tegulum, Tb trichobothria, TO tarsal organ.)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10375068" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10375068/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="81">Figs. 9D</figureCitation>
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and
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<figureCitation id="5D8D13E4FFD2B237FC78FAB8FC3A2028" box="[954,994,1325,1344]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="11.[1035,1065,149,166]" captionTargetBox="[101,1009,149,1191]" captionTargetId="figure-577@11.[100,1010,148,1192]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Fig. 12. Male palps of araneoids. A, Tekellina sadamotoi Yoshida & Ogata 2016, right palp, partially expanded, retrolateral view; B, same, left palp. C, Synotaxus turbinatus Simon 1895, left palp, retrolateral view. D, same, ventral view. E, Physoglenes sp., left palp, retrolateral view. F, same, ventral view (Abbreviations: Cp prolateral arm of conductor, Cr retrolateral arm of conductor, Cs conductor stem, Cv ventral arm of conductor, E embolus, Pc paracymbium, Pcd depression behind paracymbium, T tegulum, Tb trichobothria.) Images C–D from Fernando´Alvarez Padilla and Charles Griswold." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10375074" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10375074/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="81">12C</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A1277290FFD2B237FC2FFAB8FB6C2028" author="Ballarin, F. & Li, S. Q." box="[1005,1204,1325,1344]" pageId="5" pageNumber="81" pagination="179 - 190" refId="ref11548" refString="Ballarin, F., Li, S. Q., 2015. Three new genera of the family Nesticidae (Arachnida: Araneae) from Tibet and Yunnan, China. Zool. Syst. 40, 179 - 190." type="journal article" year="2015">Ballarin and Li 2015</bibRefCitation>
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||
:
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||
<figureCitation id="5D8D13E4FFD2B237FB03FAB8FAC92028" box="[1217,1297,1325,1344]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="1.[100,130,1334,1351]" captionTargetBox="[207,1380,150,1305]" captionTargetId="figure-298@1.[206,1381,148,1306]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Fig. 1. Maximum likelihood phylogeny of araneoid spiders and relationships of Tekellina. A, combined analysis of eight target markers (12s, 16s, 18s, 28s, co1, H3, wnt, act) and transcriptomic data. B, detail of the analysis of marker co1. C, detail of the analysis of marker 16S. D, detail of the analysis of the eight target DNA markers combined, without transcriptomic data. E, detail of the analysis as in D, but without three Tekellina terminals that had only co1 data. Branch lengths are scaled in relation to the number of substitutions per site. Bootstrap support values are summarized as symbols on branches (See Figs. S1–S7, S12 for complete trees for each dataset.)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10375050" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10375050/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="81">Figs. 1D</figureCitation>
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,
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||
<figureCitation id="5D8D13E4FFD2B237FADFFAB8FAE32028" box="[1309,1339,1325,1344]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[124,154,1114,1131]" captionTargetBox="[339,1247,149,1086]" captionTargetId="figure-650@4.[338,1248,148,1087]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 3. Female Tekellina araucana sp. n. A, ventral view. B, prosoma, lateral view. C, chelicerae and mouth parts, anterior view. D, prosoma, anterior view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10375054" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10375054/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="81">3D</figureCitation>
|
||
), and a narrow furrow in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="02B674E2FFD2B237FC50FADCFBC52034" authorityName="Petrunkevitch" authorityYear="1928" box="[914,1053,1353,1372]" class="Arachnida" family="Physoglenidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Physoglenidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Physoglenids can be further distinguished by having a dorsally excavated paracymbium (
|
||
<figureCitation id="5D8D13E4FFD2B237FB07FAF0FACB2010" box="[1221,1299,1381,1400]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="11.[1035,1065,149,166]" captionTargetBox="[101,1009,149,1191]" captionTargetId="figure-577@11.[100,1010,148,1192]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Fig. 12. Male palps of araneoids. A, Tekellina sadamotoi Yoshida & Ogata 2016, right palp, partially expanded, retrolateral view; B, same, left palp. C, Synotaxus turbinatus Simon 1895, left palp, retrolateral view. D, same, ventral view. E, Physoglenes sp., left palp, retrolateral view. F, same, ventral view (Abbreviations: Cp prolateral arm of conductor, Cr retrolateral arm of conductor, Cs conductor stem, Cv ventral arm of conductor, E embolus, Pc paracymbium, Pcd depression behind paracymbium, T tegulum, Tb trichobothria.) Images C–D from Fernando´Alvarez Padilla and Charles Griswold." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10375074" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10375074/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="81">Fig. 12E</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="A1277290FFD2B237FAD9FAF0FA112010" author="Forster, R. R. & Platnick, N. I. & Coddington, J. A." box="[1307,1481,1381,1400]" pageId="5" pageNumber="81" pagination="1 - 116" refId="ref12004" refString="Forster, R. R., Platnick, N. I., Coddington, J. A., 1990. A proposal and review of the spider family Synotaxidae (Araneae, Araneoidea), with notes on theridiid interrelationships. Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist. 193, 1 - 116." type="journal article" year="1990">Forster et al., 1990</bibRefCitation>
|
||
:
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C5090F61FFD2B237FCF0FA15FC3E208F" blockId="5.[818,1487,990,1511]" pageId="5" pageNumber="81">
|
||
Figs. 62, 155, 161, 301, 338). Some
|
||
<taxonomicName id="02B674E2FFD2B237FB49FA15FB2520FB" box="[1163,1277,1408,1427]" class="Arachnida" family="Synotaxidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Synotaxidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
are similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="02B674E2FFD2B237FA4AFA15FC8B20C7" baseAuthorityName="Ballarin & Li" baseAuthorityYear="2015" class="Arachnida" family="Nesticidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Nesticidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
by having a projected paracymbium, but nesticids can be distinguished by the more complex paracymbium with several projections extending forward.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |