853 lines
106 KiB
XML
853 lines
106 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="683062EA09F0D171821FF4A85C7359FA">The insupportable validity of mosquito subspecies (Diptera: Culicidae) and their exclusion from culicid classification</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="2781F9546DE2707BF95C7DE9A33165E4">Harbach, Ralph E.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="42DD9F854D9351A03D6B1BE9000EFB93">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="0B19BFB88F378ECE4FAC7C919FA0D63B">2023</mods:date>
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<treatment id="161B87CDBA7C0A06FF54FD1DFC875E30" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8064223" ID-GBIF-Taxon="209700378" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8064223" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:161B87CDBA7C0A06FF54FD1DFC875E30" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/161B87CDBA7C0A06FF54FD1DFC875E30" lastPageId="81" lastPageNumber="82" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">
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<subSubSection id="D6A86550BA7C0A18FF54FD1DFDE658C8" box="[151,631,690,717]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="9E0D36DBBA7C0A18FF54FD1DFDE658C8" blockId="79.[151,631,690,717]" box="[151,631,690,717]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">
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<heading id="C54581B7BA7C0A18FF54FD1DFDE658C8" bold="true" box="[151,631,690,717]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" reason="4">
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<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA7C0A18FF54FD1DFDE658C8" authority="Theobald" authorityName="Theobald" box="[151,631,690,717]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wellcomei" subGenus="Cellia">
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<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA7C0A18FF54FD1DFDE658C8" bold="true" box="[151,631,690,717]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">
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<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA7C0A18FF54FD1DFE8758C8" bold="true" box="[151,278,690,717]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Anopheles</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA7C0A18FEE4FD1DFEFE58C8" bold="true" box="[295,367,690,717]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Cellia</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA7C0A18FE43FD1DFE6858C8" bold="true" box="[384,505,690,717]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">wellcomei</emphasis>
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||
Theobald
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||
</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="D6A86550BA7C0A18FF54FD58FBF35E00" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" type="reference_group">
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||
<paragraph id="9E0D36DBBA7C0A18FF54FD58FB565948" blockId="79.[151,1437,759,1029]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">
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subspecies
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<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA7C0A18FECFFD58FE7D590A" authority="Evans, 1934" authorityName="Evans" authorityYear="1934" box="[268,492,759,783]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Culex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ugandae">
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<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA7C0A18FECFFD58FEF7590A" bold="true" box="[268,358,759,783]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">ugandae</emphasis>
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||
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA7C0A18FEACFD57FE7D590A" author="Evans, A. M." box="[367,492,759,783]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" pagination="549 - 570" refId="ref155119" refString="Evans, A. M. (1934) Further notes on African anophelines, with a description of a new group of Myzomyia. Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, 28 (4), 549 - 570. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00034983.1934.11684821" type="journal article" year="1934">Evans, 1934</bibRefCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
—original combination:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA7C0A18FD2EFD58FBDC590A" authorityName="Evans" authorityYear="1934" box="[749,1101,759,783]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="distinctus" variety="ugandae">
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||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA7C0A18FD2EFD58FC51590A" box="[749,960,759,783]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Anopheles distinctus</emphasis>
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||
var.
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<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA7C0A18FC35FD58FBDC590A" box="[1014,1101,759,783]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">ugandae</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
(subspecific status by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA7C0A18FAFEFD58FA0C590A" author="Gillies, M. T. & de Meillon, B." box="[1341,1437,759,783]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" pagination="1 - 343" refId="ref156929" refString="Gillies, M. T. & de Meillon, B. (1968) The Anophelinae of Africa south of the Sahara (Ethiopian Zoogeographical Region). Publications of the South African Institute for Medical Research, 54, 1 - 343." type="journal article" year="1968">Gillies &</bibRefCitation>
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||
de Meillon 1968). Distribution:
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||
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA7C0A18FDCFFCB9FDC8592B" box="[524,601,790,814]" name="Angola" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Angola</collectingCountry>
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||
,
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||
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA7C0A18FDA0FCB9FD585928" box="[611,713,790,813]" name="Botswana" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Botswana</collectingCountry>
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||
,
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||
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA7C0A18FD17FCB9FCBB592B" box="[724,810,790,814]" name="Burundi" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Burundi</collectingCountry>
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||
,
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||
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA7C0A18FCF6FCB9FB0A592B" box="[821,1179,790,814]" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Democratic Republic of the Congo</collectingCountry>
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||
,
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||
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA7C0A18FB65FCB9FB7D592B" box="[1190,1260,790,814]" name="Gabon" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Gabon</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
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||
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA7C0A18FB35FCB9FAD8592B" box="[1270,1353,790,814]" name="Gambia" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Gambia</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
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||
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA7C0A18FA97FCB9FA08592B" box="[1364,1433,790,814]" name="Kenya" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Kenya</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
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||
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA7C0A18FF04FC9BFE8B5949" box="[199,282,820,844]" name="Senegal" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Senegal</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
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||
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA7C0A18FEE7FC9BFE135949" box="[292,386,820,844]" name="Tanzania" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
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||
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA7C0A18FE48FC9BFE4B5949" box="[395,474,820,844]" name="Uganda" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Uganda</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA7C0A18FE24FC9BFD495949" author="Ribeiro, H. & da Cunha Ramos, H." box="[487,728,820,845]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" pagination="1 - 39" refId="ref175115" refString="Ribeiro, H. & da Cunha Ramos, H. (1975) Research on the mosquitoes of Angola. VI - The genus Anopheles Meigen, 1818 (Diptera, Culicidae). Check-list with new records, keys to the females and larvae, distribution and bioecological notes. Garcia de Orta, Serie de Zoologia, 4 (1), 1 - 39, 17 pls." type="journal article" year="1975">Ribeiro & Ramos 1975</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
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||
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA7C0A18FD21FC9BFC455948" author="Gillies, M. T. & Coetzee, M." box="[738,980,820,845]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" pagination="1 - 143" refId="ref156883" refString="Gillies, M. T. & Coetzee, M. (1987) A supplement to the Anophelinae of Africa south of the Sahara (Afrotropical Region). Publications of the South African Institute for Medical Research, 55, 1 - 143." type="journal article" year="1987">Gillies & Coetzee 1987</bibRefCitation>
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||
;
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<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA7C0A18FC1EFC9BFB2D5948" author="Wilkerson, R. C. & Linton, Y. - M. & Strickman, D." box="[989,1212,820,845]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" refId="ref184924" refString="Wilkerson, R. C., Linton, Y. - M. & Strickman, D. (2021) Mosquitoes of the world. Vols. 1 & 2. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, Maryland, 1332 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.1186 / s 13071 - 021 - 04848 - 6" type="book" year="2021">
|
||
Wilkerson
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||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA7C0A18FB8FFC9AFB115949" box="[1100,1152,820,844]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">et al.</emphasis>
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||
2021
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||
</bibRefCitation>
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||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="9E0D36DBBA7C0A18FF54FCFCFE26598F" blockId="79.[151,1437,759,1029]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">
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subspecies
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||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA7C0A18FECBFCFCFE4B596E" authority="White, 1975" authorityName="White" authorityYear="1975" box="[264,474,851,875]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ungujae">
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||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA7C0A18FECBFCFCFECF596E" bold="true" box="[264,350,851,875]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">ungujae</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA7C0A18FEA1FCFCFE4B596E" author="White, G. B." box="[354,474,851,875]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" pagination="303 - 344" refId="ref184541" refString="White, G. B. (1975) Notes on a catalogue of Culicidae of the Ethiopian Region. Mosquito Systematics, 7 (4), 303 - 344." type="journal article" year="1975">White, 1975</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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||
—original combination:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA7C0A18FD10FCFCFBC0596E" authorityName="White" authorityYear="1975" box="[723,1105,851,875]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="wellcomei" subGenus="Cellia" subSpecies="ungujae">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA7C0A18FD10FCFCFCAC596E" box="[723,829,851,875]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Anopheles</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA7C0A18FC8AFCFCFC16596E" box="[841,903,851,875]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Cellia</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA7C0A18FC57FCFCFBC0596E" box="[916,1105,851,875]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">wellcomei ungujae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Distribution: Island of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA7C0A18FAFEFCFCFA08596E" box="[1341,1433,851,875]" name="Tanzania" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Zanzibar</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA7C0A18FF04FCDDFEB3598F" box="[199,290,882,906]" name="Tanzania" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA7C0A18FEECFCDDFE3A598F" author="White, G. B." box="[303,427,882,906]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" pagination="303 - 344" refId="ref184541" refString="White, G. B. (1975) Notes on a catalogue of Culicidae of the Ethiopian Region. Mosquito Systematics, 7 (4), 303 - 344." type="journal article" year="1975">White 1975</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9E0D36DBBA7C0A18FF54FC3FFBF35E00" blockId="79.[151,1437,759,1029]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">
|
||
subspecies
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA7C0A18FECFFC3FFD8D59AD" authority="Theobald, 1904" authorityName="Theobald" authorityYear="1904" box="[268,540,912,936]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wellcomei">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA7C0A18FECFFC3FFEE559AD" bold="true" box="[268,372,912,936]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">wellcomei</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA7C0A18FEBFFC3FFD8D59AD" author="Theobald, F. V." box="[380,540,912,936]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" pagination="62 - 83" refId="ref181714" refString="Theobald, F. V. (1904) The mosquitoes of Egypt, the Sudan and Abyssinia. In: Balfour, A. (director), First Report of the Wellcome Research Laboratories at the Gordon Memorial College Khartoum. Department of Education, Sudan Government, Khartoum, pp. 62 - 83, 2 pls." type="journal article" year="1904">Theobald, 1904</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
—original combination:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA7C0A18FCDEFC3FFC6759AD" authorityName="Theobald" authorityYear="1904" box="[797,1014,912,936]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wellcomei">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA7C0A18FCDEFC3FFC6759AD" box="[797,1014,912,936]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Anopheles wellcomei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Distribution:
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA7C0A18FB4EFC3FFB4B59AD" box="[1165,1242,912,936]" name="Angola" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Angola</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA7C0A18FB24FC3FFAB759AD" box="[1255,1318,912,936]" name="Benin" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Benin</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA7C0A18FAF1FC3EFA0959AD" box="[1330,1432,913,936]" name="Botswana" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Botswana</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA7C0A18FF04FC00FEC559C2" box="[199,340,943,967]" name="Burkina Faso" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Burkina Faso</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA7C0A18FEA1FC00FE5F59C2" box="[354,462,943,967]" name="Cameroon" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Cameroon</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA7C0A18FE1FFC00FD7259C2" box="[476,739,943,967]" name="Central African Republic" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Central African Republic</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA7C0A18FD32FC00FCB859C2" box="[753,809,943,967]" name="Chad" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Chad</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA7C0A18FCF5FC00FC5559C2" box="[822,964,943,967]" name="Ivory Coast" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Côte d’Ivoire</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA7C0A18FC12FC00FAD259C2" box="[977,1347,943,967]" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Democratic Republic of the Congo</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA7C0A18FA92FC00FA0859C2" box="[1361,1433,943,967]" name="Eritrea" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Eritrea</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA7C0A18FF04FC61FEB159E3" box="[199,288,974,998]" name="Ethiopia" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Ethiopia</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA7C0A18FEEFFC61FEE359E3" box="[300,370,974,998]" name="Gabon" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Gabon</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA7C0A18FEBDFC61FE4059E3" box="[382,465,974,998]" name="Gambia" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Gambia</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA7C0A18FE1EFC61FDB359E3" box="[477,546,974,998]" name="Ghana" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Ghana</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA7C0A18FDEDFC61FDEB59E3" box="[558,634,974,998]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Guinea</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA7C0A18FD45FC61FD5A59E3" box="[646,715,974,998]" name="Kenya" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Kenya</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA7C0A18FD14FC61FC9859E3" box="[727,777,974,998]" name="Serbia" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Mali</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA7C0A18FCD5FC61FC1959E3" box="[790,904,974,998]" name="Mauritania" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Mauritania</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA7C0A18FC57FC61FB8D59E3" box="[916,1052,974,998]" name="Mozambique" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Mozambique</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA7C0A18FBEBFC61FBF259E3" box="[1064,1123,974,998]" name="Niger" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Niger</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA7C0A18FBB3FC61FB2E59E3" box="[1136,1215,974,998]" name="Nigeria" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Nigeria</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA7C0A18FB09FC61FA8C59E3" box="[1226,1309,974,998]" name="Senegal" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Senegal</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA7C0A18FAE9FC61FA0859E3" box="[1322,1433,974,998]" name="Seychelles" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Seychelles</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA7C0A18FF04FC43FEDA5E01" box="[199,331,1004,1028]" name="South Sudan" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">South Sudan</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA7C0A18FE96FC43FE065E01" box="[341,407,1004,1028]" name="Sudan" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Sudan</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA7C0A18FE63FC43FE6F5E01" box="[416,510,1004,1028]" name="Tanzania" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA7C0A18FDC4FC42FDAC5E00" box="[519,573,1005,1029]" name="Togo" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Togo</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA7C0A18FD8BFC43FD085E01" box="[584,665,1004,1028]" name="Uganda" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Uganda</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA7C0A18FD60FC43FD625E01" box="[675,755,1004,1028]" name="Zambia" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Zambia</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA7C0A18FD3EFC43FCF85E01" box="[765,873,1004,1028]" name="Zimbabwe" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Zimbabwe</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA7C0A18FCB4FC43FBC65E00" author="Wilkerson, R. C. & Linton, Y. - M. & Strickman, D." box="[887,1111,1004,1029]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" refId="ref184924" refString="Wilkerson, R. C., Linton, Y. - M. & Strickman, D. (2021) Mosquitoes of the world. Vols. 1 & 2. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, Maryland, 1332 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.1186 / s 13071 - 021 - 04848 - 6" type="book" year="2021">
|
||
Wilkerson
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA7C0A18FC24FC42FB8A5E01" box="[999,1051,1004,1028]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2021
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="D6A86550BA7C0A07FF54FB9CFD74581C" lastPageId="80" lastPageNumber="81" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="9E0D36DBBA7C0A18FF54FB9CFD6E5F20" blockId="79.[151,1437,1075,2037]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">
|
||
The nominal taxa treated here are members of the Wellcomei Group (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA7C0A18FC62FB9CFB5D5E48" author="Gillies, M. T. & de Meillon, B." box="[929,1228,1075,1101]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" pagination="1 - 343" refId="ref156929" refString="Gillies, M. T. & de Meillon, B. (1968) The Anophelinae of Africa south of the Sahara (Ethiopian Zoogeographical Region). Publications of the South African Institute for Medical Research, 54, 1 - 343." type="journal article" year="1968">Gillies & de Meillon 1968</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA7C0A18FAE0FB9CFA0D5E48" authorityName="Blanchard" authorityYear="1902" box="[1315,1436,1075,1101]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Myzomyia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Myzomyia</taxonomicName>
|
||
Series (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA7C0A18FF2AFBF8FE2D5E74" author="Christophers, S. R." box="[233,444,1111,1137]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" pagination="1 - 105" refId="ref148005" refString="Christophers, S. R. (1924) Provisional list and reference catalogue of the Anophelini. Indian Medical Research Memoirs, 3, 1 - 105." type="journal article" year="1924">Christophers 1924</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), which also includes
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA7C0A18FD6CFBF8FBEB5E74" authority="(Newstead & Carter, 1911)" baseAuthorityName="Newstead & Carter" baseAuthorityYear="1911" box="[687,1146,1111,1137]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="distinctus">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA7C0A18FD6CFBF8FCD75E74" box="[687,838,1111,1137]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">An. distinctus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA7C0A18FC97FBF8FBE05E74" author="Newstead, R. & Carter, H. F." box="[852,1137,1111,1137]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" pagination="233 - 244" refId="ref171815" refString="Newstead, R. & Carter, H. F. (1911) On some new species of African mosquitos (Culicidae). Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, 5 (2), 233 - 244, 1 pl. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00034983.1911.11686353" type="journal article" year="1911">Newstead & Carter, 1911</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA7C0A18FB46FBF8FA0D5E74" authority="Gillies, 1958" authorityName="Gillies" authorityYear="1958" box="[1157,1436,1110,1137]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="erepens">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA7C0A18FB46FBF8FA965E75" box="[1157,1287,1111,1137]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">An. erepens</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA7C0A18FACEFBF8FA0D5E74" author="Gillies, M. T." box="[1293,1436,1110,1137]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" pagination="9 - 14" refId="ref156801" refString="Gillies, M. T. (1958) Notes on the biology of a new subspecies of Anopheles wellcomei (Diptera: Culicidae) from East Africa, and on the distribution of related forms. Proceedings of the Royal Entomological Society of London, Series A, General Entomology, 33 (1 - 3), 9 - 14. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 3032.1958. tb 00386. x" type="journal article" year="1958">Gillies, 1958</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA7C0A18FF04FBD4FD945E90" authority="Edwards, 1912 c" authorityName="Edwards" authorityYear="1912" box="[199,517,1147,1173]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="theileri">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA7C0A18FF04FBD4FED75E90" box="[199,326,1147,1173]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">An. theileri</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA7C0A18FE8EFBD4FD945E90" author="Edwards, F. W." box="[333,517,1147,1173]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" pagination="241 - 250" refId="ref153125" refString="Edwards, F. W. (1912 c) A key for determining the African species of Anopheles (sensu lato). Bulletin of Entomological Research, 3 (3), 241 - 250. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0007485300001917" type="journal article" year="1912">Edwards, 1912c</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Species in the Wellcomei Group lack aedeagal leaflets (except
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA7C0A18FB15FBD4FAB65E90" authorityName="Edwards" authorityYear="1912" box="[1238,1319,1147,1173]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="theileri">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA7C0A18FB15FBD4FAB65E90" box="[1238,1319,1147,1173]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">theileri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and have adaptations in the immature stages for climbing out of the water (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA7C0A18FCAAFB30FC605EBC" author="Evans, A. M." box="[873,1009,1183,1209]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" pagination="549 - 570" refId="ref155119" refString="Evans, A. M. (1934) Further notes on African anophelines, with a description of a new group of Myzomyia. Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, 28 (4), 549 - 570. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00034983.1934.11684821" type="journal article" year="1934">Evans 1934</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The larvae have large dense hair-like spicules on the thorax and abdomen, and pupae have a row of ventrally directed hooks on the cephalothorax and the paddle is fringed externally with coarse spines. Verification of these characters for subspecies
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA7C0A18FB37FB48FADF5F05" authorityName="White" authorityYear="1975" box="[1268,1358,1255,1280]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ungujae">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA7C0A18FB37FB48FADF5F05" box="[1268,1358,1255,1280]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">ungujae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is still needed, because it is known only from a single female.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9E0D36DBBA7C0A18FF04FA80FEC85D8C" blockId="79.[151,1437,1075,2037]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">
|
||
The original description of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA7C0A18FE38FA80FD0A5F4C" box="[507,667,1327,1353]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wellcomei">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA7C0A18FE38FA80FD0A5F4C" box="[507,667,1327,1353]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">An. wellcomei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(adult female) includes an informative color illustration.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA7C0A18FAE3FA80FF735F68" author="Theobald, F. V." pageId="79" pageNumber="80" pagination="62 - 83" refId="ref181714" refString="Theobald, F. V. (1904) The mosquitoes of Egypt, the Sudan and Abyssinia. In: Balfour, A. (director), First Report of the Wellcome Research Laboratories at the Gordon Memorial College Khartoum. Department of Education, Sudan Government, Khartoum, pp. 62 - 83, 2 pls." type="journal article" year="1904">Theobald’s (1904)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
diagnosis follows: “Head black with dense white, yellow and brown upright forked scales, the white ones in front and two long hair-like projecting white tufts; palpi yellow, black at the base with two white bands on the yellow area. Thorax ashy, chestnut-brown at the sides and with hair-like golden scales; abdomen brown, unbanded with brownish golden hairs. Wings mostly yellow scaled, costa jet black with two yellow spots and three or four black spots on the wing field.” Also of note are other characters from the original description and subsequent observations. The maxillary palpus is black basally and ochreous (yellow orange to orange) on approximately the distal two-thirds, with two broad white bands and a third narrow band apically. The proboscis is dark on the proximal half, and the distal half is ochreous like the palpus. The wing is distinctive and was later described by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA7C0A18FB66F9E0FAAE5C6C" author="Evans, A. M." box="[1189,1343,1615,1641]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" pagination="1 - 79" refId="ref154993" refString="Evans, A. M. (1927) A short illustrated guide to the anophelines of tropical and South Africa. Memoirs of the Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, 3, 1 - 79." type="journal article" year="1927">Evans (1927)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: “To the naked eye the wings seem yellow with a narrow, black anterior border.” Also from the original description: Costal wing spots, on costa and vein R
|
||
<subScript id="0236349EBA7C0A18FDC4F906FD9E5CB2" attach="left" box="[519,527,1705,1719]" fontSize="6" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">1</subScript>
|
||
, include subcostal, preapical and apical pale spots. There is also a small sector pale spot on R
|
||
<subScript id="0236349EBA7C0A18FEFBF962FED15CDE" attach="left" box="[312,320,1741,1755]" fontSize="6" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">1</subScript>
|
||
, which is almost entirely pale proximally. Wing mostly pale yellowish with small dark spots (noted by Theobald to vary) on veins R
|
||
<subScript id="0236349EBA7C0A18FDC4F95EFD9E5CFA" attach="left" box="[519,527,1777,1791]" fontSize="6" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">2</subScript>
|
||
, R
|
||
<subScript id="0236349EBA7C0A18FDF2F95EFDA85CFA" attach="left" box="[561,569,1777,1791]" fontSize="6" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">3</subScript>
|
||
, R
|
||
<subScript id="0236349EBA7C0A18FD98F95EFDE45CFA" attach="left" box="[603,629,1777,1791]" fontSize="6" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">4+5</subScript>
|
||
, M
|
||
<subScript id="0236349EBA7C0A18FD5EF95EFD345CFA" attach="left" box="[669,677,1777,1791]" fontSize="6" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">1</subScript>
|
||
, M
|
||
<subScript id="0236349EBA7C0A18FD0EF95EFD445CFA" attach="left" box="[717,725,1777,1791]" fontSize="6" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">2</subScript>
|
||
and 1A. Fringe scales pale at ends of all veins, wing apex and entire border of the anal cell. “Legs brown with very narrow apical yellow bands.” Legs subsequently described by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA7C0A18FF7FF888FE6C5D44" author="Gillies, M. T. & de Meillon, B." box="[188,509,1831,1857]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" pagination="1 - 343" refId="ref156929" refString="Gillies, M. T. & de Meillon, B. (1968) The Anophelinae of Africa south of the Sahara (Ethiopian Zoogeographical Region). Publications of the South African Institute for Medical Research, 54, 1 - 343." type="journal article" year="1968">Gillies & de Meillon (1968)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
as: “Tarsus 1–3 of fore legs [foretarsomeres 1–3] with distinct but narrow apical pale bands; mid legs similar but pale bands less distinct; hind legs with tarsus 1–4 [hindtarsomeres 1–4] distinctly banded apically.”
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9E0D36DBBA7C0A07FF04F83CFC7A5AFC" blockId="79.[151,1437,1075,2037]" lastBlockId="80.[151,1436,150,537]" lastPageId="80" lastPageNumber="81" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA7C0A18FF04F83CFE255DA8" box="[199,436,1939,1965]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wellcomei">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA7C0A18FF04F83CFE255DA8" box="[199,436,1939,1965]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Anopheles wellcomei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was described from
|
||
<specimenCount id="88B4FD52BA7C0A18FD5BF83CFCBC5DA8" box="[664,813,1939,1965]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" type="female">three females</specimenCount>
|
||
from Baro and Pibor,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA7C0A18FBE1F83CFBF95DA8" box="[1058,1128,1939,1965]" name="Sudan" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Sudan</collectingCountry>
|
||
(now in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA7C0A18FB0AF83CFACD5DA8" box="[1225,1372,1939,1965]" name="South Sudan" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">South Sudan</collectingCountry>
|
||
). “Dr. Balfour states that ‘it boarded the steamer in the evening at Baro and bit freely.’” Also, “It is abundant on the Baro [River].”
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA7C0A18FEC7F874FE5B5DF0" author="Townsend, B. C." box="[260,458,2011,2037]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" pagination="35 - 152" refId="ref182830" refString="Townsend, B. C. (1990) Culicidae. In: Townsend, B. C., Chainey, J. E., Crosskey, R. W., Pont, A. C., Lane, R. P., Boorman, J. P. T. & Crouch, C. A. (Eds.), A catalogue of the types of bloodsucking flies in the British Museum (Natural History), Natural History Museum, London, pp. 35 - 152." type="book chapter" year="1990">Townsend (1990)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
recorded the label data for the
|
||
<specimenCount id="88B4FD52BA7C0A18FCF6F874FC495DF0" box="[821,984,2011,2037]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" type="generic" typeStatus="syntypes">three syntypes</specimenCount>
|
||
as “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA7C0A07FBCEF874FEB15AB4" authority="Theobald, 1904 c: 64 - 66" authorityName="Theobald" authorityPageNumber="64 - 66" authorityYear="1904" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" lastPageId="80" lastPageNumber="81" order="Diptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wellcomei">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA7C0A18FBCEF874FBEE5DF0" box="[1037,1151,2011,2037]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">wellcomei</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA7C0A18FB44F874FAAC5DF0" author="Theobald, F. V." box="[1159,1341,2011,2037]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" pagination="62 - 83" refId="ref181714" refString="Theobald, F. V. (1904) The mosquitoes of Egypt, the Sudan and Abyssinia. In: Balfour, A. (director), First Report of the Wellcome Research Laboratories at the Gordon Memorial College Khartoum. Department of Education, Sudan Government, Khartoum, pp. 62 - 83, 2 pls." type="journal article" year="1904">Theobald, 1904</bibRefCitation>
|
||
c: 64–66 (
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA630A07FF62FF38FE875AB4" box="[161,278,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Anopheles</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<typeStatus id="41098879BA630A07FEE8FF38FE035AB4" box="[299,402,151,177]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" type="syntype">Syntypes</typeStatus>
|
||
(3) ‒
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA630A07FE0CFF38FD885AB4" box="[463,537,151,177]" name="Sudan" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Sudan</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<specimenCount id="88B4FD52BA630A07FDE1FF38FD155AB4" box="[546,644,151,177]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
|
||
, [Eastern Equatoria], Baro [
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="FB86501CBA630A07FC76FF39FB955AB6" box="[949,1028,150,179]" degrees="5" direction="north" minutes="45" orientation="latitude" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" precision="925" value="5.75">
|
||
5
|
||
<superScript id="69C79B93BA630A07FC06FF38FC5C5AA0" attach="right" box="[965,973,151,165]" fontSize="6" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">o</superScript>
|
||
45′N
|
||
</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="FB86501CBA630A07FBCBFF37FBF95AB6" box="[1032,1128,152,179]" degrees="31" direction="east" minutes="42" orientation="longitude" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" precision="925" value="31.7">31°42′E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
];
|
||
<specimenCount id="88B4FD52BA630A07FBBAFF38FB775AB4" box="[1145,1254,151,177]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" type="female">2 females</specimenCount>
|
||
, [Sobat], Pibor.” David Pecor (pers. comm.) interprets the Baro and Pibor collection localities to be place names with coordinates of 5.75, 31.7 and
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="FB86501CBA630A07FEFDFF71FE0D5AFC" box="[318,412,222,249]" degrees="6.79853" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" precision="1" value="6.79853">6.79853</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="FB86501CBA630A07FE64FF71FD825AFC" box="[423,531,222,249]" degrees="33.13045" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" precision="1" value="33.13045">33.13045</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, respectively (see: https://arcg.is/0D4nD).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9E0D36DBBA630A07FF04FEACFD74581C" blockId="80.[151,1436,150,537]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">
|
||
Two other nominal species were included with the above species by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA630A07FC21FEACFBEB5B18" author="Evans, A. M." box="[994,1146,259,285]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" pagination="549 - 570" refId="ref155119" refString="Evans, A. M. (1934) Further notes on African anophelines, with a description of a new group of Myzomyia. Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, 28 (4), 549 - 570. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00034983.1934.11684821" type="journal article" year="1934">Evans (1934)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
in the “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA630A07FB18FEACFAD75B18" baseAuthorityName="Newstead & Carter" baseAuthorityYear="1911" box="[1243,1350,259,285]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="distinctus">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA630A07FB18FEACFAD75B18" box="[1243,1350,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">distinctus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
series” (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA630A07FF62FE88FDDF5B44" authority="Edwards, 1930" authorityName="Edwards" authorityYear="1930" box="[161,590,295,321]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="walravensi">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA630A07FF62FE88FE0B5B44" box="[161,410,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Anopheles walravensi</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA630A07FE67FE88FDDF5B44" author="Edwards, F. W." box="[420,590,295,321]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" pagination="287 - 306" refId="ref154088" refString="Edwards, F. W. (1930) Mosquito notes. - IX. Bulletin of Entomological Research, 21 (3), 287 - 306. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0007485300021805" type="journal article" year="1930">Edwards, 1930</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA630A07FD49FE88FB925B44" authority="Evans, 1934" authorityName="Evans" authorityYear="1934" box="[650,1027,295,321]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="schwetzi">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA630A07FD49FE88FCF95B44" box="[650,872,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Anopheles schwetzi</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA630A07FCB2FE88FB925B44" author="Evans, A. M." box="[881,1027,295,321]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" pagination="549 - 570" refId="ref155119" refString="Evans, A. M. (1934) Further notes on African anophelines, with a description of a new group of Myzomyia. Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, 28 (4), 549 - 570. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00034983.1934.11684821" type="journal article" year="1934">Evans, 1934</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). They “share a peculiarity in wing markings, namely, the reduction or loss of some of the pale costal spots, especially of the sector and subcostal, at least the basal 2/3 of the costa being entirely dark...”. The relative vagueness of the lack of pale spots on the costa and few dark spots on the rest of the wing (along with similarity in leg coloration) presumably led taxonomists to include similar-looking species in the concept of the “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA630A07FD72FE18FC8D5BD4" baseAuthorityName="Newstead & Carter" baseAuthorityYear="1911" box="[689,796,439,465]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="distinctus">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA630A07FD72FE18FC8D5BD4" box="[689,796,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">distinctus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
series”. Also vague to us is the ill-defined designation of varieties and subspecies throughout the taxonomic history of this group of species. To illustrate, it is perhaps informative to look at name combinations over time.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="D6A86550BA630A07FF54FDEFFBA45E73" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" type="multiple">
|
||
<paragraph id="9E0D36DBBA630A07FF54FDEFFBEA585F" blockId="80.[151,1437,576,1143]" box="[151,1147,576,603]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA630A07FF54FDEFFD59585F" ID-CoL="8DKHC" authority="Newstead & Carter, 1911" authorityName="Newstead & Carter" authorityYear="1911" box="[151,712,576,602]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Pyretophorus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="distinctus">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA630A07FF54FDEFFE30585F" box="[151,417,576,602]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Pyretophorus distinctus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA630A07FE6BFDEFFD59585F" author="Newstead, R. & Carter, H. F." box="[424,712,576,602]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" pagination="233 - 244" refId="ref171815" refString="Newstead, R. & Carter, H. F. (1911) On some new species of African mosquitos (Culicidae). Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, 5 (2), 233 - 244, 1 pl. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00034983.1911.11686353" type="journal article" year="1911">Newstead & Carter, 1911</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: To genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA630A07FCFCFDEFFC25585F" box="[831,948,576,602]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA630A07FCFCFDEFFC25585F" box="[831,948,576,602]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Anopheles</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA630A07FC1EFDEEFBE7585F" author="Evans, A. M." box="[989,1142,576,603]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" pagination="1 - 79" refId="ref154993" refString="Evans, A. M. (1927) A short illustrated guide to the anophelines of tropical and South Africa. Memoirs of the Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, 3, 1 - 79." type="journal article" year="1927">Evans (1927)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9E0D36DBBA630A07FF54FDCBFE8858A7" blockId="80.[151,1437,576,1143]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA630A07FF54FDCBFC25587B" authority="Newstead & Carter, 1911" authorityName="Newstead & Carter" authorityYear="1911" box="[151,948,612,639]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Pyretophorus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="distinctus" variety="melanocosta">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA630A07FF54FDCBFE37587B" box="[151,422,612,638]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Pyretophorus distinctus</emphasis>
|
||
var.
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA630A07FE2AFDCBFDE6587B" box="[489,631,612,638]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">melanocosta</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA630A07FD40FDCBFC25587B" author="Newstead, R. & Carter, H. F." box="[643,948,612,638]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" pagination="233 - 244" refId="ref171815" refString="Newstead, R. & Carter, H. F. (1911) On some new species of African mosquitos (Culicidae). Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, 5 (2), 233 - 244, 1 pl. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00034983.1911.11686353" type="journal article" year="1911">Newstead & Carter, 1911</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: To synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA630A07FB46FDCBFAB3587B" authorityName="Newstead & Carter" authorityYear="1911" box="[1157,1314,612,639]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Pyretophorus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="distinctus">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA630A07FB46FDCBFB35587B" box="[1157,1188,612,638]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">An</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA630A07FB74FDCBFAB3587B" box="[1207,1314,612,638]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">distinctus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA630A07FA9BFDCAFE8458A7" author="Evans, A. M." pageId="80" pageNumber="81" pagination="549 - 570" refId="ref155119" refString="Evans, A. M. (1934) Further notes on African anophelines, with a description of a new group of Myzomyia. Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, 28 (4), 549 - 570. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00034983.1934.11684821" type="journal article" year="1934">Evans (1934)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9E0D36DBBA630A07FF54FD03FB1C58C3" blockId="80.[151,1437,576,1143]" box="[151,1165,684,711]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA630A07FF54FD03FDB258C3" authority="Edwards, 1912 c" authorityName="Edwards" authorityYear="1912" box="[151,547,684,710]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="theileri">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA630A07FF54FD03FEF558C3" box="[151,356,684,710]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Anopheles theileri</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA630A07FEA8FD03FDB258C3" author="Edwards, F. W." box="[363,547,684,710]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" pagination="241 - 250" refId="ref153125" refString="Edwards, F. W. (1912 c) A key for determining the African species of Anopheles (sensu lato). Bulletin of Entomological Research, 3 (3), 241 - 250. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0007485300001917" type="journal article" year="1912">Edwards, 1912c</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: New name for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA630A07FD16FD03FB1858C3" authority="Theobald, 1911 a" authorityName="Theobald" authorityYear="1911" box="[725,1161,684,710]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Pyretophorus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albipes">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA630A07FD16FD03FC5558C3" box="[725,964,684,710]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Pyretophorus albipes</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA630A07FC08FD03FB1858C3" author="Theobald, F. V." box="[971,1161,684,710]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" pagination="232 - 272" refId="ref182229" refString="Theobald, F. V. (1911 a) The Culicidae or mosquitoes of the Transvaal. Report of the Division of Entomology of the Department of Agriculture, Union of South Africa, 1, 232 - 272, 1 pl." type="journal article" year="1911">Theobald, 1911a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9E0D36DBBA630A07FF54FD7FFAE658EF" blockId="80.[151,1437,576,1143]" box="[151,1399,720,747]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA630A07FF54FD7FFD2658EF" authority="Edwards, 1929 b" authorityName="Edwards" authorityYear="1929" box="[151,695,720,747]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="theileri" variety="brohieri">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA630A07FF54FD7FFEF558EF" box="[151,356,720,746]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Anopheles theileri</emphasis>
|
||
var.
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA630A07FE58FD7FFE6758EF" box="[411,502,720,746]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">brohieri</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA630A07FE3EFD7FFD2658EF" author="Edwards, F. W." box="[509,695,720,746]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" pagination="321 - 343" refId="ref154047" refString="Edwards, F. W. (1929 b) Mosquito notes. - VIII. Bulletin of Entomological Research, 20 (3), 321 - 343. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0007485300021283" type="journal article" year="1929">Edwards, 1929b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: To species rank,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA630A07FCBEFD7FFB9458EF" authorityName="Edwards" authorityYear="1929" box="[893,1029,720,747]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brohieri">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA630A07FCBEFD7FFC0D58EF" box="[893,924,720,746]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">An</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA630A07FC69FD7FFB9458EF" box="[938,1029,720,746]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">brohieri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA630A07FBF6FD7FFAE558EF" author="Gillies, M. T. & de Meillon, B." box="[1077,1396,720,746]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" pagination="1 - 343" refId="ref156929" refString="Gillies, M. T. & de Meillon, B. (1968) The Anophelinae of Africa south of the Sahara (Ethiopian Zoogeographical Region). Publications of the South African Institute for Medical Research, 54, 1 - 343." type="journal article" year="1968">Gillies & de Meillon (1968)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9E0D36DBBA630A07FF54FD5BFDC35937" blockId="80.[151,1437,576,1143]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA630A07FF54FD5BFD2B590B" authority="Evans, 1934" authorityName="Evans" authorityYear="1934" box="[151,698,756,783]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="distinctus" variety="ugandae">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA630A07FF54FD5BFE10590B" box="[151,385,756,782]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Anopheles distinctus</emphasis>
|
||
var.
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA630A07FE7DFD5BFD8F590B" box="[446,542,756,782]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">ugandae</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA630A07FDEBFD5AFD2B590B" author="Evans, A. M." box="[552,698,756,783]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" pagination="549 - 570" refId="ref155119" refString="Evans, A. M. (1934) Further notes on African anophelines, with a description of a new group of Myzomyia. Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, 28 (4), 549 - 570. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00034983.1934.11684821" type="journal article" year="1934">Evans, 1934</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: To
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA630A07FD2DFD5BFC01590B" box="[750,912,756,783]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wellcomei">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA630A07FD2DFD5BFC9C590B" box="[750,781,756,782]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">An</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA630A07FCDDFD5BFC01590B" box="[798,912,756,782]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">wellcomei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
subspecies
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA630A07FBD8FD5BFBEA590B" authorityName="Evans" authorityYear="1934" box="[1051,1147,756,782]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Culex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ugandae">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA630A07FBD8FD5BFBEA590B" box="[1051,1147,756,782]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">ugandae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA630A07FB68FD5BFE835937" author="Gillies, M. T. & de Meillon, B." pageId="80" pageNumber="81" pagination="1 - 343" refId="ref156929" refString="Gillies, M. T. & de Meillon, B. (1968) The Anophelinae of Africa south of the Sahara (Ethiopian Zoogeographical Region). Publications of the South African Institute for Medical Research, 54, 1 - 343." type="journal article" year="1968">Gillies & de Meillon (1968)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(elevated to species herein).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9E0D36DBBA630A07FF54FC93FD5D5953" blockId="80.[151,1437,576,1143]" box="[151,716,828,855]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA630A07FF54FC93FDD05953" authority="Edwards, 1930" authorityName="Edwards" authorityYear="1930" box="[151,577,828,854]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="walravensi">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA630A07FF54FC93FE1F5953" box="[151,398,828,854]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Anopheles walravensi</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA630A07FE56FC93FDD05953" author="Edwards, F. W." box="[405,577,828,854]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" pagination="287 - 306" refId="ref154088" refString="Edwards, F. W. (1930) Mosquito notes. - IX. Bulletin of Entomological Research, 21 (3), 287 - 306. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0007485300021805" type="journal article" year="1930">Edwards, 1930</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: No change.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9E0D36DBBA630A07FF54FCCFFD03597F" blockId="80.[151,1437,576,1143]" box="[151,658,864,891]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA630A07FF54FCCFFD96597F" authority="Evans, 1934" authorityName="Evans" authorityYear="1934" box="[151,519,864,891]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="schwetzi">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA630A07FF54FCCFFEE3597F" box="[151,370,864,890]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Anopheles schwetzi</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA630A07FEBAFCCEFD96597F" author="Evans, A. M." box="[377,519,864,891]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" pagination="549 - 570" refId="ref155119" refString="Evans, A. M. (1934) Further notes on African anophelines, with a description of a new group of Myzomyia. Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, 28 (4), 549 - 570. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00034983.1934.11684821" type="journal article" year="1934">Evans, 1934</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: No change.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9E0D36DBBA630A07FF54FC2BFEE859C7" blockId="80.[151,1437,576,1143]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA630A07FF54FC2BFD4C599B" authority="Evans, 1934" authorityName="Evans" authorityYear="1934" box="[151,733,900,927]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="theileri" variety="septentrionalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA630A07FF54FC2BFEF4599B" box="[151,357,900,926]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Anopheles theileri</emphasis>
|
||
var.
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA630A07FE5CFC2BFDD4599B" box="[415,581,900,926]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">septentrionalis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA630A07FD8EFC2AFD4C599B" author="Evans, A. M." box="[589,733,900,927]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" pagination="549 - 570" refId="ref155119" refString="Evans, A. M. (1934) Further notes on African anophelines, with a description of a new group of Myzomyia. Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, 28 (4), 549 - 570. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00034983.1934.11684821" type="journal article" year="1934">Evans, 1934</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: To synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA630A07FC5FFC2BFB75599B" authority="Edwards, 1929 b" authorityName="Edwards" authorityYear="1929" box="[924,1252,900,927]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brohieri">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA630A07FC5FFC2BFC2A599B" box="[924,955,900,926]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">An</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA630A07FC09FC2BFBB4599B" box="[970,1061,900,926]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">brohieri</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA630A07FBEEFC2BFB75599B" author="Edwards, F. W." box="[1069,1252,900,926]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" pagination="321 - 343" refId="ref154047" refString="Edwards, F. W. (1929 b) Mosquito notes. - VIII. Bulletin of Entomological Research, 20 (3), 321 - 343. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0007485300021283" type="journal article" year="1929">Edwards, 1929b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA630A07FAD2FC2BFEE459C7" author="Gillies, M. T. & de Meillon, B." pageId="80" pageNumber="81" pagination="1 - 343" refId="ref156929" refString="Gillies, M. T. & de Meillon, B. (1968) The Anophelinae of Africa south of the Sahara (Ethiopian Zoogeographical Region). Publications of the South African Institute for Medical Research, 54, 1 - 343." type="journal article" year="1968">Gillies & de Meillon (1968)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9E0D36DBBA630A07FF54FC63FD985E0F" blockId="80.[151,1437,576,1143]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA630A07FF54FC63FCAA59E2" authority="de Meillon & Evans, 1935" authorityName="de Meillon & Evans" authorityYear="1935" box="[151,827,972,999]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="walravensi" variety="milesi">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA630A07FF54FC63FE1F59E3" box="[151,398,972,998]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Anopheles walravensi</emphasis>
|
||
var.
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA630A07FE06FC63FD9959E3" box="[453,520,972,998]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">milesi</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA630A07FDCCFC63FCAA59E2" author="de Meillon, B. & Evans, A. M." box="[527,827,972,999]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" pagination="91 - 94" refId="ref151135" refString="de Meillon, B. & Evans, A. M. (1935) Two new anophelines from South Africa. Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, 29 (1), 91 - 94. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00034983.1935.11684834" type="journal article" year="1935">de Meillon & Evans, 1935</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: To synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA630A07FC36FC63FB0559E3" box="[1013,1172,972,999]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wellcomei">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA630A07FC36FC63FB8559E3" box="[1013,1044,972,998]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">An</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA630A07FBE1FC63FB0559E3" box="[1058,1172,972,998]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">wellcomei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
subspecies
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA630A07FADAFC63FAE859E3" authorityName="Evans" authorityYear="1934" box="[1305,1401,972,998]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Culex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ugandae">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA630A07FADAFC63FAE859E3" box="[1305,1401,972,998]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">ugandae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA630A07FF04FC5FFD945E0F" author="Gillies, M. T. & de Meillon, B." box="[199,517,1008,1034]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" pagination="1 - 343" refId="ref156929" refString="Gillies, M. T. & de Meillon, B. (1968) The Anophelinae of Africa south of the Sahara (Ethiopian Zoogeographical Region). Publications of the South African Institute for Medical Research, 54, 1 - 343." type="journal article" year="1968">Gillies & de Meillon (1968)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9E0D36DBBA630A07FF54FBBBFAF45E2B" blockId="80.[151,1437,576,1143]" box="[151,1381,1044,1071]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA630A07FF54FBBBFD225E2B" authority="de Meillon & Leeson, 1940" authorityName="de Meillon & Leeson" authorityYear="1940" box="[151,691,1044,1071]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="michaeli">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA630A07FF54FBBBFEE25E2B" box="[151,371,1044,1070]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Anopheles michaeli</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA630A07FEB9FBBBFD225E2B" author="de Meillon, B. & Leeson, H. S." box="[378,691,1044,1071]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" pagination="61 - 67" refId="ref151226" refString="de Meillon, B. & Leeson, H. S. (1940) Notes on Ethiopian Anophelini. Bulletin of Entomological Research, 31 (1), 61 - 67. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0007485300004818" type="journal article" year="1940">de Meillon & Leeson, 1940</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: To synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA630A07FCAEFBBBFC685E2B" authorityName="Evans" authorityYear="1934" box="[877,1017,1044,1071]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="schwetzi">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA630A07FCAEFBBBFC1D5E2B" box="[877,908,1044,1070]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">An</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA630A07FC59FBBBFC685E2B" box="[922,1017,1044,1070]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">schwetzi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA630A07FBE0FBBBFAF05E2B" author="Gillies, M. T. & de Meillon, B." box="[1059,1377,1044,1070]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" pagination="1 - 343" refId="ref156929" refString="Gillies, M. T. & de Meillon, B. (1968) The Anophelinae of Africa south of the Sahara (Ethiopian Zoogeographical Region). Publications of the South African Institute for Medical Research, 54, 1 - 343." type="journal article" year="1968">Gillies & de Meillon (1968)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9E0D36DBBA630A07FF54FB97FA095E57" blockId="80.[151,1437,576,1143]" box="[151,1432,1080,1107]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA630A07FF54FB97FE145E57" box="[151,389,1080,1106]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wellcomei">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA630A07FF54FB97FE145E57" box="[151,389,1080,1106]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Anopheles wellcomei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
subspecies
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA630A07FDC9FB96FD6D5E56" authority="Gillies, 1958" authorityName="Gillies" authorityYear="1958" box="[522,764,1080,1107]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="erepens">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA630A07FDC9FB96FDF15E57" box="[522,608,1081,1106]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">erepens</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA630A07FDA4FB97FD6D5E56" author="Gillies, M. T." box="[615,764,1080,1107]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" pagination="9 - 14" refId="ref156801" refString="Gillies, M. T. (1958) Notes on the biology of a new subspecies of Anopheles wellcomei (Diptera: Culicidae) from East Africa, and on the distribution of related forms. Proceedings of the Royal Entomological Society of London, Series A, General Entomology, 33 (1 - 3), 9 - 14. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 3032.1958. tb 00386. x" type="journal article" year="1958">Gillies, 1958</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: To species rank,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA630A07FC01FB97FBD45E57" authorityName="Gillies" authorityYear="1958" box="[962,1093,1080,1107]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="erepens">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA630A07FC01FB97FC705E57" box="[962,993,1080,1106]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">An</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA630A07FC2CFB96FBD45E57" box="[1007,1093,1081,1106]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">erepens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA630A07FBB5FB97FA025E57" author="Gillies, M. T. & Coetzee, M." box="[1142,1427,1080,1106]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" pagination="1 - 143" refId="ref156883" refString="Gillies, M. T. & Coetzee, M. (1987) A supplement to the Anophelinae of Africa south of the Sahara (Afrotropical Region). Publications of the South African Institute for Medical Research, 55, 1 - 143." type="journal article" year="1987">Gillies & Coetzee (1987)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9E0D36DBBA630A07FF54FBF3FBA45E73" blockId="80.[151,1437,576,1143]" box="[151,1077,1116,1143]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA630A07FF54FBF3FE145E73" box="[151,389,1116,1142]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wellcomei">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA630A07FF54FBF3FE145E73" box="[151,389,1116,1142]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Anopheles wellcomei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
subspecies
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA630A07FDC9FBF2FD645E72" authority="White, 1975" authorityName="White" authorityYear="1975" box="[522,757,1116,1143]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ungujae">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA630A07FDC9FBF2FDF55E73" box="[522,612,1117,1142]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">ungujae</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA630A07FDA8FBF3FD645E72" author="White, G. B." box="[619,757,1116,1143]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" pagination="303 - 344" refId="ref184541" refString="White, G. B. (1975) Notes on a catalogue of Culicidae of the Ethiopian Region. Mosquito Systematics, 7 (4), 303 - 344." type="journal article" year="1975">White, 1975</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(elevated to species herein).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="D6A86550BA630A06FF04FB0BFC875E30" lastPageId="81" lastPageNumber="82" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="9E0D36DBBA630A07FF04FB0BFD9E5CB3" blockId="80.[151,1437,1188,2043]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">
|
||
Subspecies
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA630A07FE8EFB0BFE3C5EBB" authorityName="Evans" authorityYear="1934" box="[333,429,1188,1214]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Culex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ugandae">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA630A07FE8EFB0BFE3C5EBB" box="[333,429,1188,1214]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">ugandae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was described from
|
||
<collectingRegion id="5C76F839BA630A07FD61FB0BFC9B5EBB" box="[674,778,1188,1214]" country="Uganda" name="Kampala" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Kampala</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA630A07FCDBFB0BFCE25EBB" box="[792,883,1188,1214]" name="Uganda" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Uganda</collectingCountry>
|
||
. The
|
||
<specimenCount id="88B4FD52BA630A07FC77FB0AFB895EBA" box="[948,1048,1189,1215]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" type="generic">two type</specimenCount>
|
||
localities of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA630A07FB72FB0BFF475EE7" authority=", Baro and Pibor" authorityName="Baro and Pibor" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wellcomei">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA630A07FB72FB0BFAB25EBB" box="[1201,1315,1188,1214]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">wellcomei</emphasis>
|
||
, Baro and Pibor
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, are
|
||
<quantity id="594A9B3EBA630A07FECCFB67FEF75EE7" box="[271,358,1224,1250]" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.06" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" unit="km" value="606.0">606 km</quantity>
|
||
and
|
||
<quantity id="594A9B3EBA630A07FE62FB67FE6D5EE7" box="[417,508,1224,1250]" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.159999999999999" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" unit="km" value="716.0">716 km</quantity>
|
||
, respectively, north of
|
||
<collectingRegion id="5C76F839BA630A07FCC7FB67FCFC5EE7" box="[772,877,1224,1250]" country="Uganda" name="Kampala" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Kampala</collectingRegion>
|
||
. Larvae, pupae and adult females were available to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA630A07FF74FB42FEC25F03" author="Evans, A. M." box="[183,339,1260,1287]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" pagination="549 - 570" refId="ref155119" refString="Evans, A. M. (1934) Further notes on African anophelines, with a description of a new group of Myzomyia. Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, 28 (4), 549 - 570. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00034983.1934.11684821" type="journal article" year="1934">Evans (1934)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, and were illustrated in part. A
|
||
<typeStatus id="41098879BA630A07FD04FB43FCB85F03" box="[711,809,1260,1286]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
female with associated larval and pupal exuviae is in the Natural History Museum, London.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA630A07FD99FABEFD625F2F" author="Evans, A. M." box="[602,755,1296,1323]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" pagination="549 - 570" refId="ref155119" refString="Evans, A. M. (1934) Further notes on African anophelines, with a description of a new group of Myzomyia. Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, 28 (4), 549 - 570. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00034983.1934.11684821" type="journal article" year="1934">Evans (1934)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
did not clearly distinguish
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA630A07FBF7FABFFB055F2F" authorityName="Evans" authorityYear="1934" box="[1076,1172,1296,1322]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Culex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ugandae">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA630A07FBF7FABFFB055F2F" box="[1076,1172,1296,1322]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">ugandae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from other taxa in the “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA630A07FF67FA9BFE9E5F4B" baseAuthorityName="Newstead & Carter" baseAuthorityYear="1911" box="[164,271,1332,1358]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="distinctus">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA630A07FF67FA9BFE9E5F4B" box="[164,271,1332,1358]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">distinctus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
series” but instead alluded to differences between it and “pale forms of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA630A07FB9EFA9BFB595F4B" baseAuthorityName="Newstead & Carter" baseAuthorityYear="1911" box="[1117,1224,1332,1358]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="distinctus">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA630A07FB9EFA9BFB595F4B" box="[1117,1224,1332,1358]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">distinctus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
”, “the type of the former
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA630A07FF29FAF6FE395F77" box="[234,424,1368,1395]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="distinctus" variety="melanocosta">
|
||
var.
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA630A07FED9FAF7FE395F77" box="[282,424,1368,1394]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">melanocosta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
”, pupal paddle “Shape more nearly ovoid than usual, but apparently less so than in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA630A07FA88FAF7FA0D5F77" authorityName="Edwards" authorityYear="1912" box="[1355,1436,1368,1394]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="theileri">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA630A07FA88FAF7FA0D5F77" box="[1355,1436,1368,1394]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">theileri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and the type form of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA630A07FE45FAD3FE605F93" baseAuthorityName="Newstead & Carter" baseAuthorityYear="1911" box="[390,497,1404,1430]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="distinctus">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA630A07FE45FAD3FE605F93" box="[390,497,1404,1430]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">distinctus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
”, “Larvae and pelts [exuviae] resembled those of the type form and of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA630A07FADBFAD3FA185F93" authorityName="Edwards" authorityYear="1912" box="[1304,1417,1404,1430]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="theileri">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA630A07FADBFAD3FA185F93" box="[1304,1417,1404,1430]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">A. theileri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
”, “Outer clypeals, as in type form and some specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA630A07FCF6FA0FFC175FBF" authorityName="Edwards" authorityYear="1912" box="[821,902,1440,1466]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="theileri">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA630A07FCF6FA0FFC175FBF" box="[821,902,1440,1466]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">theileri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, very short and bluntly pointed distally” and, in addition, there were vague comparisons to the antennae and abdominal setae of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA630A07FBA6FA6BFB275FDB" authorityName="Edwards" authorityYear="1912" box="[1125,1206,1476,1502]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="theileri">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA630A07FBA6FA6BFB275FDB" box="[1125,1206,1476,1502]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">theileri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The distinguishing character, however, provided in a key to adult females, is “Outer half of proboscis with creamy or whitish scales; palpi with dark brown scales confined to the basal one-third” in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA630A07FC94F9A3FC585C23" box="[855,969,1548,1574]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wellcomei">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA630A07FC94F9A3FC585C23" box="[855,969,1548,1574]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">wellcomei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and “Outer half of proboscis dark-scaled; palpi with dark-scaled areas on outer two-thirds” in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA630A07FD1FF99FFCC65C4F" authorityName="Edwards" authorityYear="1930" box="[732,855,1584,1610]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="walravensi">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA630A07FD1FF99FFCC65C4F" box="[732,855,1584,1610]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">walravensi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA630A07FCA6F99FFBF65C4F" authorityName="Evans" authorityYear="1934" box="[869,1127,1584,1611]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="distinctus" variety="ugandae">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA630A07FCA6F99FFC415C4F" box="[869,976,1584,1610]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">distinctus</emphasis>
|
||
var.
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA630A07FBC4F99FFBF65C4F" box="[1031,1127,1584,1610]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">ugandae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA630A07FBB6F99FFB715C4F" baseAuthorityName="Newstead & Carter" baseAuthorityYear="1911" box="[1141,1248,1584,1610]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="distinctus">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA630A07FBB6F99FFB715C4F" box="[1141,1248,1584,1610]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">distinctus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
“type form” and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA630A07FF54F9FBFF675C6B" authorityName="Evans" authorityYear="1934" box="[151,246,1620,1646]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="schwetzi">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA630A07FF54F9FBFF675C6B" box="[151,246,1620,1646]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">schwetzi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. These same characters were used by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA630A07FD69F9FBFC595C6B" author="Gillies, M. T. & Coetzee, M." box="[682,968,1620,1646]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" pagination="1 - 143" refId="ref156883" refString="Gillies, M. T. & Coetzee, M. (1987) A supplement to the Anophelinae of Africa south of the Sahara (Afrotropical Region). Publications of the South African Institute for Medical Research, 55, 1 - 143." type="journal article" year="1987">Gillies & Coetzee (1987)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
to distinguish
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA630A07FBB1F9FBFACF5C6B" box="[1138,1374,1620,1646]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wellcomei">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA630A07FBB1F9FBFACF5C6B" box="[1138,1374,1620,1646]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">wellcomei wellcomei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA630A07FF54F9D7FEE05C97" box="[151,369,1656,1682]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA630A07FF54F9D7FE985C97" box="[151,265,1656,1682]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wellcomei">wellcomei</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA630A07FED2F9D7FEE05C97" authorityName="Evans" authorityYear="1934" box="[273,369,1656,1682]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Culex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ugandae">ugandae</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
. Gillies & Coetzee were not able to separate the larvae or pupae of species in the Wellcomei Group (as the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA630A07FEF4F933FE385CB3" box="[311,425,1692,1718]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wellcomei">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA630A07FEF4F933FE385CB3" box="[311,425,1692,1718]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">wellcomei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
section).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9E0D36DBBA630A06FF04F96FFD9E5B44" blockId="80.[151,1437,1188,2043]" lastBlockId="81.[151,1437,151,1077]" lastPageId="81" lastPageNumber="82" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA630A07FF04F96FFD9F5CDF" author="Gillies, M. T. & de Meillon, B." box="[199,526,1728,1754]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" pagination="1 - 343" refId="ref156929" refString="Gillies, M. T. & de Meillon, B. (1968) The Anophelinae of Africa south of the Sahara (Ethiopian Zoogeographical Region). Publications of the South African Institute for Medical Research, 54, 1 - 343." type="journal article" year="1968">Gillies & de Meillon (1968)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
mapped the distributions of subspecies
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA630A07FC23F96FFBC35CDF" box="[992,1106,1728,1754]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wellcomei">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA630A07FC23F96FFBC35CDF" box="[992,1106,1728,1754]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">wellcomei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA630A07FB4DF96FFB7F5CDF" authorityName="Evans" authorityYear="1934" box="[1166,1262,1728,1754]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Culex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ugandae">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA630A07FB4DF96FFB7F5CDF" box="[1166,1262,1728,1754]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">ugandae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(their fig. 47). Subspecies
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA630A07FEDEF94BFE1E5CFB" box="[285,399,1764,1790]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wellcomei">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA630A07FEDEF94BFE1E5CFB" box="[285,399,1764,1790]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">wellcomei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is shown across central sub-Saharan Africa and subspecies
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA630A07FBFDF94BFB0F5CFB" authorityName="Evans" authorityYear="1934" box="[1086,1182,1764,1790]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Culex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ugandae">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA630A07FBFDF94BFB0F5CFB" box="[1086,1182,1764,1790]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">ugandae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is distributed more in southeastern Africa, but with a large overlap of the two in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA630A07FCCCF8A7FCF85D27" box="[783,873,1800,1826]" name="Uganda" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Uganda</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA630A07FCB1F8A7FBD75D27" box="[882,1094,1800,1826]" name="Republic of the Congo" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Republic of Congo</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA630A07FB8CF8A7FB265D27" box="[1103,1207,1800,1826]" name="Tanzania" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA630A07FB03F8A6FA985D26" box="[1216,1289,1801,1827]" name="Kenya" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Kenya</collectingCountry>
|
||
and southern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA630A07FF54F883FEBB5D43" box="[151,298,1836,1862]" name="South Sudan" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">South Sudan</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA630A07FEF6F883FDC05D43" author="Gillies, M. T. & Coetzee, M." box="[309,593,1836,1862]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" pagination="1 - 143" refId="ref156883" refString="Gillies, M. T. & Coetzee, M. (1987) A supplement to the Anophelinae of Africa south of the Sahara (Afrotropical Region). Publications of the South African Institute for Medical Research, 55, 1 - 143." type="journal article" year="1987">Gillies & Coetzee (1987)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
stated that “
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA630A07FD1DF883FBA75D43" author="Gillies, M. T. & de Meillon, B." box="[734,1078,1836,1863]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" pagination="1 - 343" refId="ref156929" refString="Gillies, M. T. & de Meillon, B. (1968) The Anophelinae of Africa south of the Sahara (Ethiopian Zoogeographical Region). Publications of the South African Institute for Medical Research, 54, 1 - 343." type="journal article" year="1968">Gillies and De Meillon (1968)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
recognised the 3 subspecies,
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA630A07FA46F882FE985D6F" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">
|
||
w.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA630A07FF54F8FFFE985D6F" box="[151,265,1872,1898]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wellcomei">wellcomei</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA630A07FED4F8FEFE075D6F" box="[279,406,1872,1898]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">
|
||
w.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA630A07FEF5F8FFFE075D6F" authorityName="Evans" authorityYear="1934" box="[310,406,1872,1898]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Culex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ugandae">ugandae</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA630A07FE0EF8FEFDD35D6F" box="[461,578,1873,1898]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">
|
||
w.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA630A07FE2FF8FEFDD35D6F" authorityName="Gillies" authorityYear="1958" box="[492,578,1873,1898]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="erepens">erepens</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
. The last named was a very dark form from an isolated area in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA630A07FACBF8FFFAFC5D6F" box="[1288,1389,1872,1898]" name="Tanzania" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA630A07FF54F8DAFF755D8A" box="[151,228,1909,1935]" name="Kenya" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Kenya</collectingCountry>
|
||
. The pale form with flavescent palps and proboscis (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA630A07FCE5F8DBFC095D8B" box="[806,920,1908,1934]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wellcomei">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA630A07FCE5F8DBFC095D8B" box="[806,920,1908,1934]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">wellcomei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) is typical of the northern savanna while, from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA630A07FF54F837FF7F5DB7" box="[151,238,1944,1970]" name="Uganda" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Uganda</collectingCountry>
|
||
southwards, forms lacking this overlay of pale scales predominate (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA630A07FC2AF837FBD85DB7" authorityName="Evans" authorityYear="1934" box="[1001,1097,1944,1970]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Culex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ugandae">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA630A07FC2AF837FBD85DB7" box="[1001,1097,1944,1970]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">ugandae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). However, material collected more recently from the western limits of the northern savanna in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA630A07FCADF813FC565DD3" box="[878,967,1980,2006]" name="Senegal" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Senegal</collectingCountry>
|
||
(Dr M Cornet) and from adjacent parts of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA630A07FF54F84FFEB35DFF" box="[151,290,2016,2042]" name="Gambia" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">The Gambia</collectingCountry>
|
||
lacks the flavescent scales and has a rather darker wing, both characters diagnostic of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA630A07FB24F84FFA045DFF" authorityName="Evans" authorityYear="1934" box="[1255,1429,2016,2042]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="distinctus" subSpecies="ugandae">
|
||
subsp.
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA630A07FAF6F84FFA045DFF" box="[1333,1429,2016,2042]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">ugandae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. This pattern of variation, in which there is a tendency for certain peripheral as well as southern populations to become darker, means that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA620A06FE0EFF14FDBC5AD0" authorityName="Evans" authorityYear="1934" box="[461,557,187,213]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Culex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ugandae">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA620A06FE0EFF14FDBC5AD0" box="[461,557,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">ugandae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a rather less satisfactory taxon than appeared when Gillies and De Meillon redefined it. However, the name
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA620A06FDC6FF70FDF45AFC" authorityName="Evans" authorityYear="1934" box="[517,613,223,249]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Culex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ugandae">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA620A06FDC6FF70FDF45AFC" box="[517,613,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">ugandae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
must be applied to Sene-gambian specimens even though this invalidates to a certain extent the picture of distribution previously presented.” This uncertainty suggests to us that the variability could indicate a species complex.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9E0D36DBBA620A06FF04FEE4FB915864" blockId="81.[151,1437,151,1077]" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">
|
||
Given the diagnostic character of the pale coloration of the apical half of the maxillary palpus and proboscis in subspecies
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA620A06FEFBFEC0FE3B5B8C" box="[312,426,367,393]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wellcomei">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA620A06FEFBFEC0FE3B5B8C" box="[312,426,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">wellcomei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which are dark in subspecies
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA620A06FCD3FEC0FCE15B8C" authorityName="Evans" authorityYear="1934" box="[784,880,367,393]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Culex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ugandae">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA620A06FCD3FEC0FCE15B8C" box="[784,880,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">ugandae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the relative closeness of
|
||
<typeStatus id="41098879BA620A06FB5CFEC0FB5E5B8C" box="[1183,1231,367,393]" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">type</typeStatus>
|
||
localities and the extensive overlapping distributions, we believe these are genetically distinct taxa. Therefore, we hereby elevate subspecies
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA620A06FED4FE18FEE65BD4" authorityName="Evans" authorityYear="1934" box="[279,375,439,465]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Culex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ugandae">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA620A06FED4FE18FEE65BD4" box="[279,375,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">ugandae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to specific status:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA620A06FD8FFE19FBB95BD5" authority="Evans, 1934" authorityName="Evans" authorityYear="1934" box="[588,1064,438,465]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ugandae" subGenus="Cellia">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA620A06FD8FFE19FBB95BD5" bold="true" box="[588,1064,438,465]" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA620A06FD8FFE19FD545BD4" bold="true" box="[588,709,438,465]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">Anopheles</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA620A06FD14FE19FC8A5BD4" bold="true" box="[727,795,438,465]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">Cellia</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA620A06FCEFFE19FC015BD4" bold="true" box="[812,912,438,465]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">ugandae</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA620A06FC5BFE18FBB95BD5" author="Evans, A. M." box="[920,1064,438,465]" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" pagination="549 - 570" refId="ref155119" refString="Evans, A. M. (1934) Further notes on African anophelines, with a description of a new group of Myzomyia. Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, 28 (4), 549 - 570. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00034983.1934.11684821" type="journal article" year="1934">Evans, 1934</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA620A06FBF4FE18FA855BD4" authorityName="Evans" authorityYear="1934" box="[1079,1300,439,465]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ugandae">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA620A06FBF4FE18FA855BD4" box="[1079,1300,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">Anopheles ugandae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is currently listed as a species in the Encyclopedia of Life. As indicated above, we agree with
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA620A06FB94FE74FA0D5BF0" author="Gillies, M. T. & de Meillon, B." box="[1111,1436,475,501]" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" pagination="1 - 343" refId="ref156929" refString="Gillies, M. T. & de Meillon, B. (1968) The Anophelinae of Africa south of the Sahara (Ethiopian Zoogeographical Region). Publications of the South African Institute for Medical Research, 54, 1 - 343." type="journal article" year="1968">Gillies & de Meillon (1968)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA620A06FF09FE50FCBD581C" authority="de Meillon & Evans, 1935" authorityName="de Meillon & Evans" authorityYear="1935" box="[202,812,510,537]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="walravensi" variety="milesi">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA620A06FF09FE50FEE5581C" box="[202,372,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">An. walravensi</emphasis>
|
||
var.
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA620A06FE6CFE50FE63581C" box="[431,498,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">milesi</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA620A06FE38FE50FCBD581C" author="de Meillon, B. & Evans, A. M." box="[507,812,510,537]" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" pagination="91 - 94" refId="ref151135" refString="de Meillon, B. & Evans, A. M. (1935) Two new anophelines from South Africa. Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, 29 (1), 91 - 94. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00034983.1935.11684834" type="journal article" year="1935">de Meillon & Evans, 1935</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<typeStatus id="41098879BA620A06FCFFFE50FCFF581C" box="[828,878,511,537]" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality: Victorian Falls,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA620A06FB50FE50FA9C581C" box="[1171,1293,511,537]" name="Zimbabwe" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">Zimbabwe</collectingCountry>
|
||
) is probably a synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA620A06FEFCFD8CFE4D5838" box="[319,476,547,573]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ungandae">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA620A06FEFCFD8CFE4D5838" box="[319,476,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">An. ungandae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<typeStatus id="41098879BA620A06FE2DFD8CFDB15838" box="[494,544,547,573]" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality: King’s Lake Area,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="5C76F839BA620A06FCA8FD8CFC425838" box="[875,979,547,573]" country="Uganda" name="Kampala" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">Kampala</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA620A06FC22FD8CFBAC5838" box="[993,1085,547,573]" name="Uganda" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">Uganda</collectingCountry>
|
||
). However, the possibility that further study could reveal that
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA620A06FE33FDE8FDA25864" box="[496,563,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">milesi</emphasis>
|
||
is a separate species cannot be ruled out.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9E0D36DBBA620A06FF04FDC4FC875E30" blockId="81.[151,1437,151,1077]" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA620A06FF04FDC4FECA5880" author="White, G. B." box="[199,347,618,645]" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" pagination="303 - 344" refId="ref184541" refString="White, G. B. (1975) Notes on a catalogue of Culicidae of the Ethiopian Region. Mosquito Systematics, 7 (4), 303 - 344." type="journal article" year="1975">White (1975)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
named and designated a
|
||
<typeStatus id="41098879BA620A06FDAAFDC4FD5A5880" box="[617,715,619,645]" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA620A06FD36FDC4FC005880" box="[757,913,619,645]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wellcomei">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA620A06FD36FDC4FC855880" box="[757,788,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">An</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA620A06FCDCFDC4FC005880" box="[799,913,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">wellcomei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
subspecies
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA620A06FBD1FDC4FBFD5881" authorityName="White" authorityYear="1975" box="[1042,1132,619,644]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ungujae">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA620A06FBD1FDC4FBFD5881" box="[1042,1132,619,644]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">ungujae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
based on a brief description by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA620A06FF7AFD20FEC458AC" author="Gillies, M. T." box="[185,341,654,681]" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" pagination="9 - 14" refId="ref156801" refString="Gillies, M. T. (1958) Notes on the biology of a new subspecies of Anopheles wellcomei (Diptera: Culicidae) from East Africa, and on the distribution of related forms. Proceedings of the Royal Entomological Society of London, Series A, General Entomology, 33 (1 - 3), 9 - 14. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 3032.1958. tb 00386. x" type="journal article" year="1958">Gillies (1958)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
of a single female from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA620A06FDA0FD20FD5958AC" box="[611,712,655,681]" name="Tanzania" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">Zanzibar</collectingCountry>
|
||
, which Gillies called both
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA620A06FC2CFD20FB4D58AC" box="[1007,1244,655,681]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wellcomei">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA620A06FC2CFD20FB4D58AC" box="[1007,1244,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">Anopheles wellcomei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA620A06FB21FD20FAFA58AC" box="[1250,1387,655,681]" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" rank="subSpecies" subSpecies="indet">subsp. indet</taxonomicName>
|
||
. and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA620A06FF54FD1CFEB858C8" box="[151,297,691,717]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wellcomei">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA620A06FF54FD1CFF3958C8" box="[151,168,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">A</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA620A06FF74FD1CFEB858C8" box="[183,297,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">wellcomei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA620A06FEF5FD1CFE0B58C8" box="[310,410,691,717]" name="Tanzania" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">Zanzibar</collectingCountry>
|
||
form. Gillies noted that “The finding of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA620A06FCA6FD1CFC6758C8" box="[869,1014,691,717]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wellcomei">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA620A06FCA6FD1CFCE758C8" box="[869,886,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">A</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA620A06FC47FD1CFC6758C8" box="[900,1014,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">wellcomei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
on the island of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA620A06FB71FD1CFA8758C8" box="[1202,1302,691,717]" name="Tanzania" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">Zanzibar</collectingCountry>
|
||
extends the known range of the species right across Africa. It is interesting to note that moderately intensive collecting on the adjacent East African coast has failed to reveal this species, although
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA620A06FC5CFD54FC645911" authorityName="Gillies" authorityYear="1958" box="[927,1013,763,788]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="erepens">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA620A06FC5CFD54FC645911" box="[927,1013,763,788]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">erepens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is abundant in the arid regions 100 or so miles inland.”
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA620A06FE9FFCB0FE63593C" author="White, G. B." box="[348,498,798,825]" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" pagination="303 - 344" refId="ref184541" refString="White, G. B. (1975) Notes on a catalogue of Culicidae of the Ethiopian Region. Mosquito Systematics, 7 (4), 303 - 344." type="journal article" year="1975">White (1975)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
stated that “Apart from its discreet distribution, this subspecies is readily separable from other forms of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA620A06FEB4FCECFE785958" box="[375,489,835,861]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wellcomei">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA620A06FEB4FCECFE785958" box="[375,489,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">wellcomei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by extension of the pale sector wing-spot onto the costa and by the almost completely pale first wing vein (vide Figure
|
||
<quantity id="594A9B3EBA620A06FDC9FCC8FDA75984" box="[522,566,871,897]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.016" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" unit="in" value="4.0">4 in</quantity>
|
||
Gillies, 1948:10; Plate 82b in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA620A06FC4CFCC8FB6C5984" author="Gillies, M. T. & de Meillon, B." box="[911,1277,871,897]" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" pagination="1 - 343" refId="ref156929" refString="Gillies, M. T. & de Meillon, B. (1968) The Anophelinae of Africa south of the Sahara (Ethiopian Zoogeographical Region). Publications of the South African Institute for Medical Research, 54, 1 - 343." type="journal article" year="1968">Gillies & De Meillon, 1968:177</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).” However, a complete description of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="41098879BA620A06FE0CFC24FDA059A0" box="[463,561,907,933]" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
is needed. Based on the stated discrete characters and distribution we believe, pending further morphological and molecular study, that subspecies
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA620A06FC72FC00FB9A59CD" authorityName="White" authorityYear="1975" box="[945,1035,943,968]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ungujae">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA620A06FC72FC00FB9A59CD" box="[945,1035,943,968]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">ungujae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
should be afforded species status:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA620A06FF54FC7DFDF959E9" authority="White, 1975" authorityName="White" authorityYear="1975" box="[151,616,978,1005]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ungujae" subGenus="Cellia">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA620A06FF54FC7DFDF959E9" bold="true" box="[151,616,978,1005]" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA620A06FF54FC7DFE8159E8" bold="true" box="[151,272,978,1005]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">Anopheles</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA620A06FEE3FC7DFEF559E8" bold="true" box="[288,356,978,1005]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">Cellia</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA620A06FEB6FC7CFE4559E8" bold="true" box="[373,468,979,1005]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">ungujae</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA620A06FE1AFC7DFDF959E9" author="White, G. B." box="[473,616,978,1004]" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" pagination="303 - 344" refId="ref184541" refString="White, G. B. (1975) Notes on a catalogue of Culicidae of the Ethiopian Region. Mosquito Systematics, 7 (4), 303 - 344." type="journal article" year="1975">White, 1975</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA620A06FDB5FC7CFCDA59E9" authorityName="White" authorityYear="1975" box="[630,843,979,1005]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Anopheles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ungujae">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA620A06FDB5FC7CFCDA59E9" box="[630,843,979,1005]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">Anopheles ungujae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is currently listed as a species in the Encyclopedia of Life. Without a complete description of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="41098879BA620A06FDBBFC58FD4B5E14" box="[632,730,1015,1041]" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
and collection and study of the adult male and immature stages, its placement in the Wellcomei Group remains uncertain.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |