459 lines
58 KiB
XML
459 lines
58 KiB
XML
<document id="42DCE3A92C2818E9FC5F050B62EDD052" ID-CLB-Dataset="53758" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5303.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="55cb0aa4-25b5-43fc-b545-54697a22b641" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8043342" ID-ZooBank="DE9C1F18-5CEE-4968-9991-075B977966FE" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="diego" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="diego" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_approvedBy="diego" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="diego" checkinTime="1686836004935" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Harbach, Ralph E. & Wilkerson, Richard C." docDate="2023" docId="161B87CDBA5D0A38FF54FEC1FE1A5C0C" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5303.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5303 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Eretmapodites silvestris Ingram & de Meillon" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="112" masterDocId="EA22FFB5BA330A57FFC3FFAFFF915A05" masterDocTitle="The insupportable validity of mosquito subspecies (Diptera: Culicidae) and their exclusion from culicid classification" masterLastPageNumber="184" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="111" updateTime="1699524690436" updateUser="plazi">
|
||
<mods:mods id="69FAADDA07EC442EFB20780AA6EDD47C" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="49FA77EDB3627EBE7C8A848721CFC054">
|
||
<mods:title id="132A26E88885BF8B89814FD76B60EDD3">The insupportable validity of mosquito subspecies (Diptera: Culicidae) and their exclusion from culicid classification</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name id="552B8DD6DA055B2AACCA7B2A981BC99B" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="91E1551CA3A3D290716950CDDAC92E11">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="51330F6988FF29328CCB20FBCEB14BDB">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="22307B94B8230268276E294DC2CB3450">Harbach, Ralph E.</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:nameIdentifier id="4447C404DD741940A8D106F03AB261AF" type="ORCID">0000-0003-1384-6972</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||
<mods:nameIdentifier id="89A34575B6B8213365E9C128FE3C881A" type="email">r.harbach@nhm.ac.uk</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="61EA0848FB6FC15B9365EED57CED91A2" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="E2D3A09C40A1271CE77656F3FEBDE6F2">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="12719AE036DFA06268ECB14D17D40D64">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="AD18F3AF2125C8EB03DBD9EC19473280">Wilkerson, Richard C.</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:nameIdentifier id="1F2B5B0FABCE19339E1ADEE1C4EB743C" type="ORCID">0000-0001-6366-1357</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||
<mods:nameIdentifier id="71612C755AD01107904DCD7E5EC7947D" type="email">wilkersonr@si.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource id="7425161C9EE7CACA9A4E092852C84DA9">text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem id="8D33639141777FF0A422434609B6AD50" type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="289DC08F3F376A4EDED4E0FE348DB13A">
|
||
<mods:title id="F4C7128159FE792622DFB8C0C9BBE25D">Zootaxa</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part id="BF14B842A237841EBC0496D62BEAD095">
|
||
<mods:date id="FD4D18FDF8E1018C2CAEE578764D210A">2023</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail id="CDFFEC431318C8C2D54B2A17B6A458B8" type="pubDate">
|
||
<mods:number id="80550EA7D886143BD636C6DCF15DAB77">2023-06-15</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail id="822907900E53CAE0F5169497289CDF6D" type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number id="E95D9E08204D12C6C8DA769642FDC3E9">5303</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail id="ABABFBA482805315F1A3FF209B60D1EA" type="issue">
|
||
<mods:number id="FE7FE5EE956715F9AC59988537164BEC">1</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent id="468F87D52F6CAED3A3AF6C0F1C3A99B2" unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start id="75431E12EE7024087AD26D3E0614AC29">1</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end id="B0199A8B3C779F233011850AC1C5ECA0">184</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:location id="A49DFC1982CF912E202FD631D1A599E9">
|
||
<mods:url id="F9ACA9485F34CC68253578C0920B7D28">http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN</mods:url>
|
||
</mods:location>
|
||
<mods:classification id="E50395E5CED80FCC05F2D851FE708F57">journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="0A5F5C832B4DE40B2D7B15C5621C7FD3" type="CLB-Dataset">53758</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="6FB1BE3E85B334EB6C636A5CB3D40B6D" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5303.1.1</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="80282C6064ADC52657768F811834BAE1" type="GBIF-Dataset">55cb0aa4-25b5-43fc-b545-54697a22b641</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="CE0B18CA2A037645B2299BB00AAFEE9A" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="81B6CB296CEB611735199A33F9611530" type="Zenodo-Dep">8043342</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="2A26625F665CE6AFEB4160BAB4258916" type="ZooBank">DE9C1F18-5CEE-4968-9991-075B977966FE</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment id="161B87CDBA5D0A38FF54FEC1FE1A5C0C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8064420" ID-GBIF-Taxon="209700467" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8064420" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:161B87CDBA5D0A38FF54FEC1FE1A5C0C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/161B87CDBA5D0A38FF54FEC1FE1A5C0C" lastPageId="111" lastPageNumber="112" pageId="110" pageNumber="111">
|
||
<subSubSection id="D6A86550BA5D0A39FF54FEC1FD565B8D" box="[151,711,366,393]" pageId="110" pageNumber="111" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph id="9E0D36DBBA5D0A39FF54FEC1FD565B8D" blockId="110.[151,711,366,393]" box="[151,711,366,393]" pageId="110" pageNumber="111">
|
||
<heading id="C54581B7BA5D0A39FF54FEC1FD565B8D" bold="true" box="[151,711,366,393]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="110" pageNumber="111" reason="4">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA5D0A39FF54FEC1FD565B8D" ID-CoL="6GH8D" authority="Ingram & de Meillon" authorityName="Ingram & de Meillon" box="[151,711,366,393]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Eretmapodites" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="110" pageNumber="111" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="silvestris">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA5D0A39FF54FEC1FD565B8D" bold="true" box="[151,711,366,393]" pageId="110" pageNumber="111">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA5D0A39FF54FEC1FE245B8C" bold="true" box="[151,437,366,393]" italics="true" pageId="110" pageNumber="111">Eretmapodites silvestris</emphasis>
|
||
Ingram & de Meillon
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="D6A86550BA5D0A39FF54FE1CFA815822" pageId="110" pageNumber="111" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="9E0D36DBBA5D0A39FF54FE1CFC525BEF" blockId="110.[151,1437,435,552]" pageId="110" pageNumber="111">
|
||
subspecies
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA5D0A39FECAFE1CFD8B5BCE" authority="Edwards, 1941" authorityName="Edwards" authorityYear="1941" box="[265,538,435,459]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Eretmapodites" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="110" pageNumber="111" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="conchobius">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA5D0A39FECAFE1CFE105BCE" bold="true" box="[265,385,435,459]" italics="true" pageId="110" pageNumber="111">conchobius</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA5D0A39FE45FE1CFD8B5BCE" author="Edwards, F. W." box="[390,538,435,459]" pageId="110" pageNumber="111" refId="ref154310" refString="Edwards, F. W. (1941) Mosquitoes of the Ethiopian Region III. - Culicine adults and pupae. Printed by order of the Trustees, British Museum (Natural History), London, viii + 499 pp." type="book" year="1941">Edwards, 1941</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
—original combination:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA5D0A39FCD4FE1CFB3C5BCE" authorityName="Edwards" authorityYear="1941" box="[791,1197,435,459]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Eretmapodites" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="110" pageNumber="111" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="silvestris" subSpecies="conchobius">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA5D0A39FCD4FE1CFB985BCE" box="[791,1033,435,459]" italics="true" pageId="110" pageNumber="111">Eretmapodites silvestris</emphasis>
|
||
ssp.
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA5D0A39FBF9FE1CFB3C5BCE" box="[1082,1197,435,459]" italics="true" pageId="110" pageNumber="111">conchobius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Distribution:
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA5D0A39FA83FE1CFA085BCE" box="[1344,1433,435,459]" name="Ethiopia" pageId="110" pageNumber="111">Ethiopia</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA5D0A39FF04FE7DFE9D5BEF" box="[199,268,466,490]" name="Kenya" pageId="110" pageNumber="111">Kenya</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA5D0A39FED5FE7DFEF35BEF" box="[278,354,466,490]" name="Nigeria" pageId="110" pageNumber="111">Nigeria</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA5D0A39FEACFE7DFDDF5BEF" author="Wilkerson, R. C. & Linton, Y. - M. & Strickman, D." box="[367,590,466,490]" pageId="110" pageNumber="111" refId="ref184924" refString="Wilkerson, R. C., Linton, Y. - M. & Strickman, D. (2021) Mosquitoes of the world. Vols. 1 & 2. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, Maryland, 1332 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.1186 / s 13071 - 021 - 04848 - 6" type="book" year="2021">
|
||
Wilkerson
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA5D0A39FE23FE7CFD9D5BEF" box="[480,524,466,490]" italics="true" pageId="110" pageNumber="111">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2021
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, excluding
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA5D0A39FD01FE7DFCD25BEF" box="[706,835,466,490]" name="South Sudan" pageId="110" pageNumber="111">South Sudan</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA5D0A39FCB7FE7DFC295BEF" box="[884,952,466,490]" name="Sudan" pageId="110" pageNumber="111">Sudan</collectingCountry>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9E0D36DBBA5D0A39FF54FE5FFA815822" blockId="110.[151,1437,435,552]" pageId="110" pageNumber="111">
|
||
subspecies
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA5D0A39FECDFE5FFD08580D" ID-CoL="6GH8D" authority="Ingram & de Meillon, 1927" authorityName="Ingram & de Meillon" authorityYear="1927" box="[270,665,496,521]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Eretmapodites" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="110" pageNumber="111" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="silvestris">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA5D0A39FECDFE5FFEF9580D" bold="true" box="[270,360,496,520]" italics="true" pageId="110" pageNumber="111">silvestris</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA5D0A39FEB0FE5EFD08580D" author="Ingram, A. & de Meillon, B." box="[371,665,496,521]" pageId="110" pageNumber="111" pagination="1 - 81" refId="ref161045" refString="Ingram, A. & de Meillon, B. (1927) A mosquito survey of certain parts of South Africa, with special reference to the carriers of malaria and their control. (Part I). Publications of the South African Institute for Medical Research, 4 (4), 1 - 81, 15 pls." type="journal article" year="1927">Ingram & de Meillon, 1927</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
—original combination:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA5D0A39FC5DFE5FFB32580D" ID-CoL="6GGWM" authorityName="Edwards" authorityYear="1941" box="[926,1187,496,520]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Eretmapodites" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="110" pageNumber="111" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="plioleucus">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA5D0A39FC5DFE5FFB32580D" box="[926,1187,496,520]" italics="true" pageId="110" pageNumber="111">Eretmapodites plioleucus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Distribution:
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA5D0A39FA83FE5FFA08580D" box="[1344,1433,496,520]" name="Ethiopia" pageId="110" pageNumber="111">Ethiopia</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA5D0A39FF04FDBFFE9D582D" box="[199,268,528,552]" name="Kenya" pageId="110" pageNumber="111">Kenya</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA5D0A39FED5FDA0FEF45822" box="[278,357,527,551]" name="Nigeria" pageId="110" pageNumber="111">Nigeria</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA5D0A39FEACFDA0FDFE5822" box="[367,623,527,551]" name="South Africa" pageId="110" pageNumber="111">Republic of South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA5D0A39FDBAFDA0FD6C5822" box="[633,765,527,551]" name="South Sudan" pageId="110" pageNumber="111">South Sudan</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA5D0A39FCC5FDA0FCF05822" box="[774,865,527,551]" name="Tanzania" pageId="110" pageNumber="111">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA5D0A39FCADFDA0FBDC5822" author="Wilkerson, R. C. & Linton, Y. - M. & Strickman, D." box="[878,1101,527,551]" pageId="110" pageNumber="111" refId="ref184924" refString="Wilkerson, R. C., Linton, Y. - M. & Strickman, D. (2021) Mosquitoes of the world. Vols. 1 & 2. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, Maryland, 1332 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.1186 / s 13071 - 021 - 04848 - 6" type="book" year="2021">
|
||
Wilkerson
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA5D0A39FC1CFDBFFB9D5822" box="[991,1036,527,551]" italics="true" pageId="110" pageNumber="111">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2021
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, excluding
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA5D0A39FB02FDA0FA945822" box="[1217,1285,527,551]" name="Sudan" pageId="110" pageNumber="111">Sudan</collectingCountry>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="D6A86550BA5D0A38FF54FDFAFE1A5C0C" lastPageId="111" lastPageNumber="112" pageId="110" pageNumber="111" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="9E0D36DBBA5D0A39FF54FDFAFB5558B2" blockId="110.[151,1437,597,2030]" pageId="110" pageNumber="111">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA5D0A39FF54FDFAFEA8586A" authorityName="Theobald" authorityYear="1901" box="[151,313,597,623]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Eretmapodites" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="110" pageNumber="111" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA5D0A39FF54FDFAFEA8586A" box="[151,313,597,623]" italics="true" pageId="110" pageNumber="111">Eretmapodites</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has never been the subject of a thorough revisionary study. The genus currently includes 49 formally recognized species (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA5D0A39FEB5FDD6FDB75896" author="Harbach, R. E." box="[374,550,633,659]" pageId="110" pageNumber="111" refId="ref158794" refString="Harbach, R. E. (2022 b) Eretmapodites Theobald, 1901. Mosquito Taxonomic Inventory. Available from: https: // mosquito-taxonomic-inventory. myspecies. info / simpletaxonomy / term / 6090 (ccessed 1 January 2023)" type="url" year="2022">Harbach 2022b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), many of which are poorly known (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA5D0A39FC77FDD6FBDA5896" author="Service, M. W." box="[948,1099,633,659]" pageId="110" pageNumber="111" refId="ref178023" refString="Service, M. W. (1990) Handbook to the Afrotropical toxorhynchitine and culicine mosquitoes, excepting Aedes and Culex. British Museum (Natural History), London, (2) + 207 pp." type="book" year="1990">Service 1990</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The species treated here, and the one that follows, are the only two species of the genus for which subspecies are recognized.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9E0D36DBBA5D0A39FF04FD6EFF6B5942" blockId="110.[151,1437,597,2030]" pageId="110" pageNumber="111">
|
||
All species of the genus are characterized principally on diagnostic features of the male genitalia. The females are known for 24 species, larvae for 19 species and pupae for 17 species (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA5D0A39FC2EFD4AFB1758FA" author="Service, M. W." box="[1005,1158,741,767]" pageId="110" pageNumber="111" refId="ref178023" refString="Service, M. W. (1990) Handbook to the Afrotropical toxorhynchitine and culicine mosquitoes, excepting Aedes and Culex. British Museum (Natural History), London, (2) + 207 pp." type="book" year="1990">Service 1990</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA5D0A39FB57FD4AFA0158FA" author="Wilkerson, R. C. & Linton, Y. - M. & Strickman, D." box="[1172,1424,741,768]" pageId="110" pageNumber="111" refId="ref184924" refString="Wilkerson, R. C., Linton, Y. - M. & Strickman, D. (2021) Mosquitoes of the world. Vols. 1 & 2. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, Maryland, 1332 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.1186 / s 13071 - 021 - 04848 - 6" type="book" year="2021">
|
||
Wilkerson
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA5D0A39FAD2FD49FAD558FA" box="[1297,1348,741,767]" italics="true" pageId="110" pageNumber="111">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2021
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The majority of species are incompletely described and some known life stages have not been illustrated, or only partially.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9E0D36DBBA5D0A39FF04FCFEFAE65E1A" blockId="110.[151,1437,597,2030]" pageId="110" pageNumber="111">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA5D0A39FF04FCFEFE45596E" box="[199,468,849,875]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Eretmapodites" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="110" pageNumber="111" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="silvestris">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA5D0A39FF04FCFEFE45596E" box="[199,468,849,875]" italics="true" pageId="110" pageNumber="111">Eretmapodites silvestris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a member of the Plioleucus Group (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA5D0A39FCBEFCFEFB2A596E" author="Rickenbach, A. & Eouzan, J. - P." box="[893,1211,849,876]" pageId="110" pageNumber="111" pagination="131 - 135" refId="ref175550" refString="Rickenbach, A. & Eouzan, J. - P. (1970) Description do quatre Eretmapodites nouveaux du groupe plioleucus Edwards 1941, captures au Cameroun (Diptera, Culicidae). Cahiers O. R. S. T. O. M. Serie entomologie medicale et parasitology, 8 (2), 131 - 135." type="journal article" year="1970">Rickenbach & Eouzan 1970</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), which includes six other species:
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA5D0A39FEF4FCDAFEEB598A" box="[311,378,885,911]" italics="true" pageId="110" pageNumber="111">brevis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA5D0A39FE41FCDAFDBD598A" author="Edwards, F. W." box="[386,556,885,911]" pageId="110" pageNumber="111" refId="ref154310" refString="Edwards, F. W. (1941) Mosquitoes of the Ethiopian Region III. - Culicine adults and pupae. Printed by order of the Trustees, British Museum (Natural History), London, viii + 499 pp." type="book" year="1941">Edwards, 1941</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA5D0A39FDFBFCDAFD00598A" box="[568,657,885,911]" italics="true" pageId="110" pageNumber="111">ferrarai</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA5D0A39FD54FCDAFC4D598A" author="Rickenbach, A. & Eouzan, J. - P." box="[663,988,885,912]" pageId="110" pageNumber="111" pagination="131 - 135" refId="ref175550" refString="Rickenbach, A. & Eouzan, J. - P. (1970) Description do quatre Eretmapodites nouveaux du groupe plioleucus Edwards 1941, captures au Cameroun (Diptera, Culicidae). Cahiers O. R. S. T. O. M. Serie entomologie medicale et parasitology, 8 (2), 131 - 135." type="journal article" year="1970">Rickenbach & Eouzan, 1970</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA5D0A39FC24FCD9FBDD598A" box="[999,1100,886,911]" italics="true" pageId="110" pageNumber="111">germaini</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA5D0A39FB90FCDAFA09598A" author="Rickenbach, A. & Eouzan, J. - P." box="[1107,1432,885,912]" pageId="110" pageNumber="111" pagination="131 - 135" refId="ref175550" refString="Rickenbach, A. & Eouzan, J. - P. (1970) Description do quatre Eretmapodites nouveaux du groupe plioleucus Edwards 1941, captures au Cameroun (Diptera, Culicidae). Cahiers O. R. S. T. O. M. Serie entomologie medicale et parasitology, 8 (2), 131 - 135." type="journal article" year="1970">Rickenbach & Eouzan, 1970</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA5D0A39FF54FC36FF4C59B6" box="[151,221,921,947]" italics="true" pageId="110" pageNumber="111">lacani</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA5D0A39FF26FC36FDBA59B6" author="Rickenbach, A. & Eouzan, J. - P." box="[229,555,921,948]" pageId="110" pageNumber="111" pagination="131 - 135" refId="ref175550" refString="Rickenbach, A. & Eouzan, J. - P. (1970) Description do quatre Eretmapodites nouveaux du groupe plioleucus Edwards 1941, captures au Cameroun (Diptera, Culicidae). Cahiers O. R. S. T. O. M. Serie entomologie medicale et parasitology, 8 (2), 131 - 135." type="journal article" year="1970">Rickenbach & Eouzan, 1970</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA5D0A39FDF5FC35FD1C59B6" box="[566,653,922,947]" italics="true" pageId="110" pageNumber="111">ravissei</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA5D0A39FD57FC36FC4659B6" author="Rickenbach, A. & Eouzan, J. - P." box="[660,983,921,948]" pageId="110" pageNumber="111" pagination="131 - 135" refId="ref175550" refString="Rickenbach, A. & Eouzan, J. - P. (1970) Description do quatre Eretmapodites nouveaux du groupe plioleucus Edwards 1941, captures au Cameroun (Diptera, Culicidae). Cahiers O. R. S. T. O. M. Serie entomologie medicale et parasitology, 8 (2), 131 - 135." type="journal article" year="1970">Rickenbach & Eouzan, 1970</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA5D0A39FBCDFC36FBE359B6" authorityName="Cunha Ramos, Ribeiro & Machado" authorityYear="1992" box="[1038,1138,921,947]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Eretmapodites" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="110" pageNumber="111" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tendeiroi">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA5D0A39FBCDFC36FBE359B6" box="[1038,1138,921,947]" italics="true" pageId="110" pageNumber="111">tendeiroi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA5D0A39FBB9FC36FE4F59D2" author="da Cunha Ramos, H. & Ribeiro, H. & de Barros Machado, A." pageId="110" pageNumber="111" pagination="133 - 136" refId="ref149930" refString="da Cunha Ramos, H., Ribeiro, H. & de Barros Machado, A. (1992) Research on the mosquitoes of Angola (Diptera, Culicidae). XIX - Eretmapodites tendeiroi, a new species of the´plioleucus group ". Garcia de Orta, Serie de Zoologia, 16 (1 - 2), 133 - 136. [for 1989]" type="journal article" year="1992">
|
||
da
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA5D0A39FB5FFC36FB7459B6" box="[1180,1253,921,947]" name="Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha" pageId="110" pageNumber="111">Cunha</collectingCountry>
|
||
Ramos, Ribeiro & de Barros Machado, 1992
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. By odd coincidence,
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA5D0A39FD19FC12FC4459D2" box="[730,981,957,983]" italics="true" pageId="110" pageNumber="111">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA5D0A39FD19FC12FCAF59D2" box="[730,830,957,983]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Eretmapodites" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="110" pageNumber="111" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" sensu="stricto" species="silvestris">silvestris</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B7F557B2BA5D0A39FC85FC11FC4459D2" box="[838,981,958,983]" pageId="110" pageNumber="111" sensu="stricto">sensu stricto</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and subspecies
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA5D0A39FB4DFC12FA9F59D2" authorityName="Edwards" authorityYear="1941" box="[1166,1294,957,983]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Eretmapodites" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="110" pageNumber="111" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="conchobius">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA5D0A39FB4DFC12FA9F59D2" box="[1166,1294,957,983]" italics="true" pageId="110" pageNumber="111">conchobius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are the only forms of the group for which the male, female, larva and pupa are known. Only the male is known for the other species, with the exception that the female of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA5D0A39FD5BFBA9FCB35E1A" authorityName="Cunha Ramos, Ribeiro & Machado" authorityYear="1992" box="[664,802,1029,1055]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Eretmapodites" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="110" pageNumber="111" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tendeiroi">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA5D0A39FD5BFBA9FCB35E1A" box="[664,802,1029,1055]" italics="true" pageId="110" pageNumber="111">Er. tendeiroi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is also known (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA5D0A39FC11FBAAFBFB5E1A" author="Service, M. W." box="[978,1130,1029,1055]" pageId="110" pageNumber="111" refId="ref178023" refString="Service, M. W. (1990) Handbook to the Afrotropical toxorhynchitine and culicine mosquitoes, excepting Aedes and Culex. British Museum (Natural History), London, (2) + 207 pp." type="book" year="1990">Service 1990</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA5D0A39FBB6FBAAFAFA5E1A" author="Wilkerson, R. C. & Linton, Y. - M. & Strickman, D." box="[1141,1387,1029,1055]" pageId="110" pageNumber="111" refId="ref184924" refString="Wilkerson, R. C., Linton, Y. - M. & Strickman, D. (2021) Mosquitoes of the world. Vols. 1 & 2. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, Maryland, 1332 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.1186 / s 13071 - 021 - 04848 - 6" type="book" year="2021">
|
||
Wilkerson
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA5D0A39FB33FBA9FAB95E1A" box="[1264,1320,1029,1055]" italics="true" pageId="110" pageNumber="111">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2021
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9E0D36DBBA5D0A39FF04FB86FA0A5FCA" blockId="110.[151,1437,597,2030]" pageId="110" pageNumber="111">
|
||
Although the male, female, larva and pupa are known for
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA5D0A39FCA2FB86FBCD5E46" box="[865,1116,1065,1091]" italics="true" pageId="110" pageNumber="111">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA5D0A39FCA2FB86FC545E46" box="[865,965,1065,1091]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Eretmapodites" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="110" pageNumber="111" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" sensu="stricto" species="silvestris">silvestris</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B7F557B2BA5D0A39FC0EFB85FBCD5E46" box="[973,1116,1066,1091]" pageId="110" pageNumber="111" sensu="stricto">sensu stricto</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and subspecies
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA5D0A39FAD5FB86FA075E46" authorityName="Edwards" authorityYear="1941" box="[1302,1430,1065,1091]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Eretmapodites" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="110" pageNumber="111" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="conchobius">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA5D0A39FAD5FB86FA075E46" box="[1302,1430,1065,1091]" italics="true" pageId="110" pageNumber="111">conchobius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, they are incompletely described and illustrated.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA5D0A39FD77FBE1FC665E62" author="Ingram, A. & de Meillon, B." box="[692,1015,1101,1128]" pageId="110" pageNumber="111" pagination="1 - 81" refId="ref161045" refString="Ingram, A. & de Meillon, B. (1927) A mosquito survey of certain parts of South Africa, with special reference to the carriers of malaria and their control. (Part I). Publications of the South African Institute for Medical Research, 4 (4), 1 - 81, 15 pls." type="journal article" year="1927">Ingram & de Meillon (1927)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
described the female, larva and pupa of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA5D0A39FF77FBDEFE895E8E" box="[180,280,1137,1163]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Eretmapodites" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="110" pageNumber="111" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="silvestris">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA5D0A39FF77FBDEFE895E8E" box="[180,280,1137,1163]" italics="true" pageId="110" pageNumber="111">silvestris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
based on specimens reared from larvae taken from leaf axils of a succulent shrub of the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA5D0A39FAEFFBDDFF6F5EAA" authority="Linnaeus" authorityName="Linnaeus" class="Reptilia" family="Teiidae" genus="Dracaena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="110" pageNumber="111" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA5D0A39FAEFFBDDFA0D5E8E" box="[1324,1436,1138,1163]" italics="true" pageId="110" pageNumber="111">Dracaena</emphasis>
|
||
Linnaeus
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
while conducting surveys at Eshowe in present-day
|
||
<collectingRegion id="5C76F839BA5D0A39FC89FB3AFBF45EAA" box="[842,1125,1173,1199]" country="South Africa" name="KwaZulu-Natal" pageId="110" pageNumber="111">KwaZulu-Natal Province</collectingRegion>
|
||
of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA5D0A39FB4AFB3AFA8A5EAA" box="[1161,1307,1173,1199]" name="South Africa" pageId="110" pageNumber="111">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||
. In contrast to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA5D0A39FF70FB16FE445ED6" authority=", Edwards (1941)" authorityName=", Edwards" authorityYear="1941" box="[179,469,1209,1236]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Eretmapodites" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="110" pageNumber="111" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="silvestris">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA5D0A39FF70FB16FE865ED6" box="[179,279,1209,1235]" italics="true" pageId="110" pageNumber="111">silvestris</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA5D0A39FEE0FB16FE445ED6" author="Edwards, F. W." box="[291,469,1209,1235]" pageId="110" pageNumber="111" refId="ref154310" refString="Edwards, F. W. (1941) Mosquitoes of the Ethiopian Region III. - Culicine adults and pupae. Printed by order of the Trustees, British Museum (Natural History), London, viii + 499 pp." type="book" year="1941">Edwards (1941)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
described
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA5D0A39FD8FFB16FD5D5ED6" authorityName="Edwards" authorityYear="1941" box="[588,716,1209,1235]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Eretmapodites" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="110" pageNumber="111" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="conchobius">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA5D0A39FD8FFB16FD5D5ED6" box="[588,716,1209,1235]" italics="true" pageId="110" pageNumber="111">conchobius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
based on specimens from the coastal area of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA5D0A39FB7FFB15FA985ED1" box="[1212,1289,1210,1236]" name="Kenya" pageId="110" pageNumber="111">Kenya</collectingCountry>
|
||
:A male from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA5D0A39FF54FB72FF615EF2" box="[151,240,1245,1271]" name="Kenya" pageId="110" pageNumber="111">Malindi</collectingCountry>
|
||
and “specimens from Simba Hills and Tiwi (near
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA5D0A39FCFAFB72FC3F5EF2" box="[825,942,1245,1271]" name="Kenya" pageId="110" pageNumber="111">Mombasa</collectingCountry>
|
||
)… reared from larvae found in snail-shells in forest, this being a notably different habitat from that of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="41098879BA5D0A39FCAAFAADFC085F19" box="[873,921,1282,1308]" pageId="110" pageNumber="111">type</typeStatus>
|
||
form”. Edwards characterized
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA5D0A39FB3EFAAEFAEC5F1E" authorityName="Edwards" authorityYear="1941" box="[1277,1405,1281,1307]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Eretmapodites" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="110" pageNumber="111" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="conchobius">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA5D0A39FB3EFAAEFAEC5F1E" box="[1277,1405,1281,1307]" italics="true" pageId="110" pageNumber="111">conchobius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as differing from
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA5D0A39FEFFFA8AFDA35F3A" box="[316,562,1317,1343]" italics="true" pageId="110" pageNumber="111">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA5D0A39FEFFFA8AFE315F3A" authorityName=", Edwards" authorityYear="1941" box="[316,416,1317,1343]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Eretmapodites" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="110" pageNumber="111" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" sensu="stricto" species="silvestris">silvestris</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B7F557B2BA5D0A39FE66FA89FDA35F3A" box="[421,562,1318,1343]" pageId="110" pageNumber="111" sensu="stricto">sensu stricto</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
as follows: “Integument of thorax clearer yellow, no darkening even in middle of pleurae beneath the silvery stripe. Median line of yellow scales on scutum either entirely lacking or represented by a short stripe in front of scutellum and a narrow line extending a short distance only from front margin; scales covering most of scutum brownish rather than black and less irregularly distributed. Hind femur with the anteroventral yellow area less extensive, reaching little if at all beyond middle of femur instead of about ¾ of its length.”
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9E0D36DBBA5D0A39FF04FA75FE235CEA" blockId="110.[151,1437,597,2030]" pageId="110" pageNumber="111">
|
||
A decade later,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA5D0A39FEB2FA76FD3D5FF1" author="Hoogstraal, H. & Knight, K. L." box="[369,684,1497,1524]" pageId="110" pageNumber="111" pagination="659 - 664" refId="ref160135" refString="Hoogstraal, H. & Knight, K. L. (1951) Observations on Eretmapodites silvestris conchobius Edwards (Culicidae) in the Anglo-Egyptian Sudan. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 31 (5), 659 - 664. https: // doi. org / 10.4269 / ajtmh. 1951. s 1 - 31.659" type="journal article" year="1951">Hoogstraal & Knight (1951)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
described specimens they identified as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA5D0A39FBA7FA76FB755FF6" authorityName="Edwards" authorityYear="1941" box="[1124,1252,1497,1523]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Eretmapodites" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="110" pageNumber="111" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="conchobius">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA5D0A39FBA7FA76FB755FF6" box="[1124,1252,1497,1523]" italics="true" pageId="110" pageNumber="111">conchobius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
that were reared from larvae found in the leaf axils of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA5D0A39FDFCFA51FCFB5C12" authority="Baker" authorityName="Baker" box="[575,874,1533,1560]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Sansevieria" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="110" pageNumber="111" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nilotica">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA5D0A39FDFCFA51FCB15C12" box="[575,800,1533,1560]" italics="true" pageId="110" pageNumber="111">Sansevieria nilotica</emphasis>
|
||
Baker
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
growing in the vicinity of Torit, a city in present-day
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA5D0A39FF0AF98EFECC5C3E" box="[201,349,1569,1595]" name="South Sudan" pageId="110" pageNumber="111">South Sudan</collectingCountry>
|
||
. They described the adult as being “intermediate between the typical species,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA5D0A39FB1CF98EFED65C5A" authority="Ingram and de Meillon" authorityName="Ingram and de Meillon" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Eretmapodites" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="110" pageNumber="111" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="silvestris">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA5D0A39FB1CF98EFAD25C3E" box="[1247,1347,1569,1595]" italics="true" pageId="110" pageNumber="111">silvestris</emphasis>
|
||
Ingram and de Meillon
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA5D0A39FE40F9EAFD925C5A" authorityName="Edwards" authorityYear="1941" box="[387,515,1605,1631]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Eretmapodites" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="110" pageNumber="111" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="conchobius">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA5D0A39FE40F9EAFD925C5A" box="[387,515,1605,1631]" italics="true" pageId="110" pageNumber="111">conchobius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as described by Edwards (7) [
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA5D0A39FC9FF9EAFB925C5A" author="Edwards, F. W." box="[860,1027,1605,1631]" pageId="110" pageNumber="111" refId="ref154310" refString="Edwards, F. W. (1941) Mosquitoes of the Ethiopian Region III. - Culicine adults and pupae. Printed by order of the Trustees, British Museum (Natural History), London, viii + 499 pp." type="book" year="1941">Edwards 1941</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, number
|
||
<quantity id="594A9B3EBA5D0A39FBADF9E9FB0B5C5A" box="[1134,1178,1605,1632]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.778" pageId="110" pageNumber="111" unit="in" value="7.0">7 in</quantity>
|
||
the list of References] in that it possesses the medial transverse dark brown pleural (integumental) stripe of the former, and the scutal and hind femoral coloration of the latter. The male genitalia are as in the typical form (7, fig. 73c). The Torit specimens go to the subspecies
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA5D0A39FE42F91EFD905CCE" authorityName="Edwards" authorityYear="1941" box="[385,513,1713,1739]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Eretmapodites" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="110" pageNumber="111" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="conchobius">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA5D0A39FE42F91EFD905CCE" box="[385,513,1713,1739]" italics="true" pageId="110" pageNumber="111">conchobius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in Haddow’s keys (10) [
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA5D0A39FCD5F91EFC2D5CCE" author="Haddow, A. J." box="[790,956,1713,1739]" pageId="110" pageNumber="111" pagination="57 - 82" refId="ref157902" refString="Haddow, A. J. (1946) The mosquitoes of Bwamba County, Uganda. IV. - Studies on the genus Eretmapodites, Theobald. Bulletin of Entomological Research, 37 (1), 57 - 82. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0007485300021994" type="journal article" year="1946">Haddow 1946</bibRefCitation>
|
||
], and in van Someren’s (11) [
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA5D0A39FAC5F91DFF435CEA" author="van Someren, E. C. C." pageId="110" pageNumber="111" pagination="119 - 129" refId="ref183442" refString="van Someren, E. C. C. (1949) Ethiopian Culicidae - Eretmapodites Theobald: Description of four new species of the chrysogaster group with notes on the five known species of this group. Proceedings of the Royal Entomological Society of London, Series B: Taxonomy, 18 (7 - 8), 119 - 129. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 3113.1949. tb 01433. x" type="journal article" year="1949">van Someren 1949</bibRefCitation>
|
||
] more recent keys.”
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9E0D36DBBA5D0A38FF04F956FD0F5AD0" blockId="110.[151,1437,597,2030]" lastBlockId="111.[151,1437,151,213]" lastPageId="111" lastPageNumber="112" pageId="110" pageNumber="111">
|
||
Hoogstraal & Knight illustrated the head, thorax and terminal abdominal segments of the presumed larva of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA5D0A39FF54F8B2FE865D32" authorityName="Edwards" authorityYear="1941" box="[151,279,1821,1847]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Eretmapodites" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="110" pageNumber="111" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="conchobius">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA5D0A39FF54F8B2FE865D32" box="[151,279,1821,1847]" italics="true" pageId="110" pageNumber="111">conchobius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA5D0A39FEE7F8B1FDCE5D32" author="Ingram, A. & de Meillon, B." box="[292,607,1821,1848]" pageId="110" pageNumber="111" pagination="1 - 81" refId="ref161045" refString="Ingram, A. & de Meillon, B. (1927) A mosquito survey of certain parts of South Africa, with special reference to the carriers of malaria and their control. (Part I). Publications of the South African Institute for Medical Research, 4 (4), 1 - 81, 15 pls." type="journal article" year="1927">Ingram & de Meillon (1927)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
described but did not illustrate the head and thorax of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="41098879BA5D0A39FB1CF8B1FA9E5D3D" box="[1247,1295,1822,1848]" pageId="110" pageNumber="111">type</typeStatus>
|
||
specimen of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA5D0A39FF54F8EEFF6A5D5E" box="[151,251,1857,1883]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Eretmapodites" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="110" pageNumber="111" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="silvestris">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA5D0A39FF54F8EEFF6A5D5E" box="[151,251,1857,1883]" italics="true" pageId="110" pageNumber="111">silvestris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, making it difficult to draw comparisons with the description provided by Hoogstraal & Knight. From the poor illustrations of the dorsomentum and siphon provided by Ingram & de Meillon, the only clear-cut difference is the length of the siphon, which is “about as broad as it is long” compared to having an index of “1.7–2.0” in specimens examined by Hoogstraal & Knight.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA5D0A39FD62F802FCC05DCD" author="Hopkins, G. H. E." box="[673,849,1965,1992]" pageId="110" pageNumber="111" refId="ref160249" refString="Hopkins, G. H. E. (1952) Mosquitoes of the Ethiopian Region I. - Larval bionomics of mosquitoes and taxonomy of culicine larvae. 2 nd Edition. British Museum (Natural History), London, viii + 355 pp." type="book" year="1952">Hopkins (1952)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
reconstructed and illustrated the terminal abdominal segments of the larval exuviae of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="41098879BA5D0A39FD88F87DFDEA5DE9" box="[587,635,2002,2028]" pageId="110" pageNumber="111">type</typeStatus>
|
||
specimen, and noted: “Siphon crushed… (index 1, perhaps about 1½ before crushing)”. In a footnote that followed the brief description of the larva of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA5C0A38FBE6FF38FB185AB4" box="[1061,1161,151,177]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Eretmapodites" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="111" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="silvestris">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA5C0A38FBE6FF38FB185AB4" box="[1061,1161,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="111" pageNumber="112">silvestris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
provided by Hopkins, P. F. Mattingly made the following observations.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9E0D36DBBA5C0A38FF04FEAAFACA5881" blockId="111.[199,1384,260,645]" pageId="111" pageNumber="112">
|
||
A pelt [exuviae] of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA5C0A38FE48FEAAFDBA5B19" authorityName="Edwards" authorityYear="1941" box="[395,555,260,284]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Eretmapodites" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="111" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="silvestris" subSpecies="conchobius">
|
||
ssp.
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA5C0A38FE7BFEABFDBA5B19" box="[440,555,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="111" pageNumber="112">conchobius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingRegion id="5C76F839BA5C0A38FDAAFEAAFD3E5B19" box="[617,687,261,284]" country="Kenya" name="Taita/Taveta" pageId="111" pageNumber="112">Taveta</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA5C0A38FD7AFEAAFD6F5B18" box="[697,766,261,285]" name="Kenya" pageId="111" pageNumber="112">Kenya</collectingCountry>
|
||
, has been sent me by Mrs. E. C. C. van Someren, and Knight and Hoogstraal have a description of further larvae of this sub-species, from Torit,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA5C0A38FBCFFE87FBDF5B45" box="[1036,1102,296,320]" name="Sudan" pageId="111" pageNumber="112">Sudan</collectingCountry>
|
||
, in the press (
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA5C0A38FB19FE86FF6A5B61" italics="true" pageId="111" pageNumber="112">Amer. J. Trop. Med.</emphasis>
|
||
). I am indebted to Lt.-Cdr. Knight for permission to quote from their MS. The
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA5C0A38FBDCFEE2FBF05B60" box="[1055,1121,333,357]" name="Kenya" pageId="111" pageNumber="112">Kenya</collectingCountry>
|
||
pelt differs from the only available pelt of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="41098879BA5C0A38FE5EFEDEFE585B8C" box="[413,457,369,393]" pageId="111" pageNumber="112">type</typeStatus>
|
||
form in the shape of the comb spines which resemble Haddow’s
|
||
<typeStatus id="41098879BA5C0A38FBB1FEDEFB0F5B8C" box="[1138,1182,369,393]" pageId="111" pageNumber="112">type</typeStatus>
|
||
16 of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA5C0A38FB27FEDFFAF65B8D" baseAuthorityName="Taylor" baseAuthorityYear="1927" box="[1252,1383,368,392]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Aedes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="111" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chrysogaster">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA5C0A38FB27FEDFFAF65B8D" box="[1252,1383,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="111" pageNumber="112">chrysogaster</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Fig. 133). The figure of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA5C0A38FE12FE3BFDBA5BA9" box="[465,555,404,428]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Eretmapodites" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="111" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="silvestris">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA5C0A38FE12FE3BFDBA5BA9" box="[465,555,404,428]" italics="true" pageId="111" pageNumber="112">silvestris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Fig. 134) is misleading in this respect since it shows the basal denticles more strongly developed than in fact they are. The
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA5C0A38FD4AFE16FD5A5BD4" box="[649,715,441,465]" name="Kenya" pageId="111" pageNumber="112">Kenya</collectingCountry>
|
||
pelt also differs from that of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="41098879BA5C0A38FBD3FE16FBAD5BD4" box="[1040,1084,441,465]" pageId="111" pageNumber="112">type</typeStatus>
|
||
form in having more strongly developed secondary denticles on the pecten spines and in having the subventral tuft [seta 1-S] of the siphon trifid instead of bifid. The comb spines of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA5C0A38FDF4FDAFFD0A581D" box="[567,667,512,536]" name="Sudan" pageId="111" pageNumber="112">the Sudan</collectingCountry>
|
||
form appear to resemble those of the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA5C0A38FBD4FDAEFBC8581C" box="[1047,1113,513,537]" name="Kenya" pageId="111" pageNumber="112">Kenya</collectingCountry>
|
||
form fairly closely though with a higher proportion having the median denticle relatively exaggerated. It is not thought that this difference is significant. The pecten spines, as figured, are much simpler than in the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA5C0A38FC55FDE6FC495864" box="[918,984,585,609]" name="Kenya" pageId="111" pageNumber="112">Kenya</collectingCountry>
|
||
pelt in which they have very numerous secondary denticles both dorsally and ventrally. The subventral seta [1-S] of the siphon is shown as trifid.―P. F. M.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9E0D36DBBA5C0A38FF04FD1CFC3759A0" blockId="111.[151,1437,691,1545]" pageId="111" pageNumber="112">
|
||
A comparison of the illustration provided by Hopkins with the one provided by Hoogstraal & Knight reveals the following additional differences, which were not noted by Mattingly. In the
|
||
<typeStatus id="41098879BA5C0A38FBD9FD78FBDB58F4" box="[1050,1098,727,753]" pageId="111" pageNumber="112">type</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA5C0A38FBB2FD78FB4458F4" box="[1137,1237,727,753]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Eretmapodites" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="111" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="silvestris">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA5C0A38FBB2FD78FB4458F4" box="[1137,1237,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="111" pageNumber="112">silvestris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: Seta 1-VIII long and single (short and multi-branched in “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA5C0A38FDA3FD54FD715910" authorityName="Edwards" authorityYear="1941" box="[608,736,763,789]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Eretmapodites" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="111" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="conchobius">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA5C0A38FDA3FD54FD715910" box="[608,736,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="111" pageNumber="112">conchobius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
”); seta 5-VIII branched at midlength (single in “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA5C0A38FB3CFD54FAEE5910" authorityName="Edwards" authorityYear="1941" box="[1279,1407,763,789]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Eretmapodites" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="111" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="conchobius">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA5C0A38FB3CFD54FAEE5910" box="[1279,1407,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="111" pageNumber="112">conchobius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
”); saddle of segment X large, covering about dorsal half of the segment (small, covering about dorsal third of the segment in “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA5C0A38FEEBFCECFE395958" authorityName="Edwards" authorityYear="1941" box="[296,424,835,861]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Eretmapodites" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="111" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="conchobius">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA5C0A38FEEBFCECFE395958" box="[296,424,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="111" pageNumber="112">conchobius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
”); anterior seta 4a-X (of ventral brush) long, double (very short, triple in “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA5C0A38FB3CFCECFAEE5958" authorityName="Edwards" authorityYear="1941" box="[1279,1407,835,861]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Eretmapodites" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="111" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="conchobius">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA5C0A38FB3CFCECFAEE5958" box="[1279,1407,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="111" pageNumber="112">conchobius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
”); seta 4c-X double, shorter than 4b,d-X (single, probably as long as 4b,d-X in “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA5C0A38FC38FCC8FBEA5984" authorityName="Edwards" authorityYear="1941" box="[1019,1147,871,897]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Eretmapodites" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="111" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="conchobius">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA5C0A38FC38FCC8FBEA5984" box="[1019,1147,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="111" pageNumber="112">conchobius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
”); anal papillae distinctly longer than segment X (about as long as segment X in “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA5C0A38FCCAFC24FC1859A0" authorityName="Edwards" authorityYear="1941" box="[777,905,907,933]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Eretmapodites" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="111" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="conchobius">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA5C0A38FCCAFC24FC1859A0" box="[777,905,907,933]" italics="true" pageId="111" pageNumber="112">conchobius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
”).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9E0D36DBBA5C0A38FF04FC00FBC35EC0" blockId="111.[151,1437,691,1545]" pageId="111" pageNumber="112">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA5C0A38FF04FC00FEE859CC" author="Edwards, F. W." box="[199,377,943,969]" pageId="111" pageNumber="112" refId="ref154310" refString="Edwards, F. W. (1941) Mosquitoes of the Ethiopian Region III. - Culicine adults and pupae. Printed by order of the Trustees, British Museum (Natural History), London, viii + 499 pp." type="book" year="1941">Edwards (1941)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
illustrated the male genitalia of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA5C0A38FD1EFC00FCD059CC" box="[733,833,943,969]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Eretmapodites" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="111" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="silvestris">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA5C0A38FD1EFC00FCD059CC" box="[733,833,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="111" pageNumber="112">silvestris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and provided the following brief description: “Coxite [gonocoxite] with thumb-like basal lobe bearing a few long hairs [setae]; apical lobe unmodified, but bearing three distally-flattened hairs; no scale-tufts. Style [gonostylus] [strongly bent] with one long hair and two short ones, no scales. Proximal claspette bearing a few long simple hairs; distal claspette stout and moderately long, bearing two bent [strongly sigmoid] hairs at its tip and a few simple ones.” Curiously,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA5C0A38FC32FB90FB1C5E5C" author="Jupp, P. G." box="[1009,1165,1087,1113]" pageId="111" pageNumber="112" refId="ref161745" refString="Jupp, P. G. (1996) Mosquitoes of southern Africa: Culicinae and Toxorhynchitinae. Ekogilde Publishers, Hartebeespoort, 156 pp." type="book" year="1996">Jupp’s (1996)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
illustration of the male genitalia of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA5C0A38FEE7FBCCFE195E78" box="[292,392,1123,1149]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Eretmapodites" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="111" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="silvestris">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA5C0A38FEE7FBCCFE195E78" box="[292,392,1123,1149]" italics="true" pageId="111" pageNumber="112">silvestris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA5C0A38FE10FBCCFDF75E78" box="[467,614,1123,1149]" name="South Africa" pageId="111" pageNumber="112">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||
differs from Edwards’s illustration as follows: Thumb-like lobe of the gonocoxite with four relatively shorter setae; apical lobe without flattened setae; gonostylus only very slightly bent, with four long setae; distal claspette with two relatively smaller wavy setae at the tip.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9E0D36DBBA5C0A38FF04FB60FCE35F50" blockId="111.[151,1437,691,1545]" pageId="111" pageNumber="112">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA5C0A38FF04FB60FEEB5EEC" author="Edwards, F. W." box="[199,378,1231,1257]" pageId="111" pageNumber="112" refId="ref154310" refString="Edwards, F. W. (1941) Mosquitoes of the Ethiopian Region III. - Culicine adults and pupae. Printed by order of the Trustees, British Museum (Natural History), London, viii + 499 pp." type="book" year="1941">Edwards (1941)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
stated that the male genitalia of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA5C0A38FD21FB60FC555EEC" authority="(Kenya)" authorityName="Edwards" authorityYear="1941" baseAuthorityName="Kenya" box="[738,964,1231,1257]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Eretmapodites" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="111" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="conchobius">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA5C0A38FD21FB60FCF35EEC" box="[738,866,1231,1257]" italics="true" pageId="111" pageNumber="112">conchobius</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA5C0A38FCB3FB60FC2D5EEC" box="[880,956,1231,1257]" name="Kenya" pageId="111" pageNumber="112">Kenya</collectingCountry>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were “exactly as in typical
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA5C0A38FB35FB60FACB5EEC" box="[1270,1370,1231,1257]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Eretmapodites" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="111" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="silvestris">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA5C0A38FB35FB60FACB5EEC" box="[1270,1370,1231,1257]" italics="true" pageId="111" pageNumber="112">silvestris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
”, and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA5C0A38FF54FB5CFE435F08" author="Hoogstraal, H. & Knight, K. L." box="[151,466,1266,1293]" pageId="111" pageNumber="112" pagination="659 - 664" refId="ref160135" refString="Hoogstraal, H. & Knight, K. L. (1951) Observations on Eretmapodites silvestris conchobius Edwards (Culicidae) in the Anglo-Egyptian Sudan. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 31 (5), 659 - 664. https: // doi. org / 10.4269 / ajtmh. 1951. s 1 - 31.659" type="journal article" year="1951">Hoogstraal & Knight (1951)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
also stated that the male genitalia of “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA5C0A38FCBBFB5CFC695F08" authorityName="Edwards" authorityYear="1941" box="[888,1016,1267,1293]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Eretmapodites" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="111" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="conchobius">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA5C0A38FCBBFB5CFC695F08" box="[888,1016,1267,1293]" italics="true" pageId="111" pageNumber="112">conchobius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
” in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA5C0A38FBE5FB5CFB255F08" box="[1062,1204,1267,1293]" name="South Sudan" pageId="111" pageNumber="112">South Sudan</collectingCountry>
|
||
“are as in the typical form”. In view of the differences between the illustrations of Edwards and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA5C0A38FC1BFAB8FBCF5F34" author="Jupp, P. G." box="[984,1118,1303,1329]" pageId="111" pageNumber="112" refId="ref161745" refString="Jupp, P. G. (1996) Mosquitoes of southern Africa: Culicinae and Toxorhynchitinae. Ekogilde Publishers, Hartebeespoort, 156 pp." type="book" year="1996">Jupp (1996)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
noted above, we suspect the statements of those authors are based on superficial resemblance.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9E0D36DBBA5C0A38FF04FAF0FE1A5C0C" blockId="111.[151,1437,691,1545]" pageId="111" pageNumber="112">
|
||
Despite the lack of detailed, comparative anatomical data for all life stages, we believe the morphological and ecological (larval habitat) differences noted above are indicators of a species complex, consisting of at least three or four species, one of which is
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA5C0A38FE18FA08FDCA5FC4" authorityName="Edwards" authorityYear="1941" box="[475,603,1447,1473]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Eretmapodites" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="111" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="conchobius">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA5C0A38FE18FA08FDCA5FC4" box="[475,603,1447,1473]" italics="true" pageId="111" pageNumber="112">conchobius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. For this reason, we are compelled hereby to elevate
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA5C0A38FB6AFA08FAB85FC4" authorityName="Edwards" authorityYear="1941" box="[1193,1321,1447,1473]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Eretmapodites" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="111" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="conchobius">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA5C0A38FB6AFA08FAB85FC4" box="[1193,1321,1447,1473]" italics="true" pageId="111" pageNumber="112">conchobius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to species rank:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA5C0A38FF1BFA65FD545FE1" authority="Edwards, 1941" authorityName="Edwards" authorityYear="1941" box="[216,709,1482,1509]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Eretmapodites" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="111" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="conchobius">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA5C0A38FF1BFA65FD545FE1" bold="true" box="[216,709,1482,1509]" pageId="111" pageNumber="112">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA5C0A38FF1BFA65FD9A5FE0" bold="true" box="[216,523,1482,1509]" italics="true" pageId="111" pageNumber="112">Eretmapodites conchobius</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA5C0A38FDD0FA64FD545FE1" author="Edwards, F. W." box="[531,709,1482,1509]" pageId="111" pageNumber="112" refId="ref154310" refString="Edwards, F. W. (1941) Mosquitoes of the Ethiopian Region III. - Culicine adults and pupae. Printed by order of the Trustees, British Museum (Natural History), London, viii + 499 pp." type="book" year="1941">Edwards, 1941</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA5C0A38FD17FA64FC6F5FE0" authorityName="Edwards" authorityYear="1941" box="[724,1022,1483,1509]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Eretmapodites" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="111" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="conchobius">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA5C0A38FD17FA64FC6F5FE0" box="[724,1022,1483,1509]" italics="true" pageId="111" pageNumber="112">Eretmapodites conchobius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is currently listed as a species in the Encyclopedia of Life.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |