plazi/treatments-xml
2
0
Fork 0
Code Issues Pull requests Releases Activity
treatments-xml/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA560A31FF54FB77FE255B8C.xml
maintenance f5c18e6bb1 added 16
2024-06-21 12:30:12 +02:00

241 lines
27 KiB
XML
Raw Blame History

This file contains ambiguous Unicode characters

This file contains Unicode characters that might be confused with other characters. If you think that this is intentional, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to reveal them.

<document id="27B4E896545FA2681AD610540D91CCE1" ID-CLB-Dataset="53758" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5303.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="55cb0aa4-25b5-43fc-b545-54697a22b641" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8043342" ID-ZooBank="DE9C1F18-5CEE-4968-9991-075B977966FE" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="diego" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="diego" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_approvedBy="diego" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="diego" checkinTime="1686836004935" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Harbach, Ralph E. &amp; Wilkerson, Richard C." docDate="2023" docId="161B87CDBA560A31FF54FB77FE255B8C" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5303.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5303 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Culex (Microculex) inimitabilis Dyar &amp; Knab" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="102" masterDocId="EA22FFB5BA330A57FFC3FFAFFF915A05" masterDocTitle="The insupportable validity of mosquito subspecies (Diptera: Culicidae) and their exclusion from culicid classification" masterLastPageNumber="184" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="102" updateTime="1699524690436" updateUser="plazi">
<mods:mods id="F429BC170DE75999091A3504D0CE759C" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="9FC66E37695C2D8B8EE22885E715EFA4">
<mods:title id="CCAAC12A3106707C250E2EE850F04FAF">The insupportable validity of mosquito subspecies (Diptera: Culicidae) and their exclusion from culicid classification</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="E3165354DC665261AA41E863F9E56D02" type="personal">
<mods:role id="38F62664E3CBD69126F6C94C7F93A5AF">
<mods:roleTerm id="A07A773BE455DDFB7AA522528546A9C4">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="062FD6BD2B7FC4819C3B50964A27CCB5">Harbach, Ralph E.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="CCEF9CD551807B7242A12AB10C8D3B8A" type="ORCID">0000-0003-1384-6972</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="2489E065620A9E3DFC20A4D0E109FD9C" type="email">r.harbach@nhm.ac.uk</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="AE1317D7B34AB9DCF5D4F36F083AD4E8" type="personal">
<mods:role id="5F316786F331E288F68129617A80EA4F">
<mods:roleTerm id="BBC76C4B235DBEB65A7B6B2B5518B133">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="2BE801CE3427617D307556DB1040955B">Wilkerson, Richard C.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="69F31D6CAFBFA9C7F1652CECEA62D50A" type="ORCID">0000-0001-6366-1357</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="C33157D96E525F0DAFD79BDBC07060AB" type="email">wilkersonr@si.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="2B6A28CF9C9AEF70054FCD719FE9B88A">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="F23329667661866876AE7A01BB328876" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="3EFEEAEEF6D12E72829D530A0D3E303E">
<mods:title id="572E1169689DD35E0F810BFAE5B07F6D">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="17A869F930574630787EA512CAE6A9BD">
<mods:date id="F9A7A6E46384D6B80B84619C9BAFE110">2023</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="70DF4401BF46B256646FFFF39E8910FE" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="6F24D7A559A3FA7EB3B35F1738A7EF3B">2023-06-15</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="6014BD7BF8C47102A926BAC35B2DF362" type="volume">
<mods:number id="FD9E99C753BAAB356DCE0C405156CFEE">5303</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="F447AD0DA09FF85BD1DEEB757E6FB570" type="issue">
<mods:number id="6C8C5114BC1D8B12963480E5C6E30040">1</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="34CC41BBE6B700988308B69BD3C4F044" unit="page">
<mods:start id="759485318C5F141CCFA8DB3D1C7FB187">1</mods:start>
<mods:end id="902FE05DCB2A2783396157BEA6BC4BB4">184</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location id="05E3C5A9763D4E4A09FBED6BB88805BB">
<mods:url id="0C389570223DB26E386A2F4B4D4C6A2A">http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification id="C126D8C060D17E8BC0938F11FA356006">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="C81CD837B116F394494663131313BB2D" type="CLB-Dataset">53758</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="77299222D303F3CD31D9BFFF4CC33E89" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5303.1.1</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="A1C99C341C2A17FB2AF8DE5BCEB249A3" type="GBIF-Dataset">55cb0aa4-25b5-43fc-b545-54697a22b641</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="7D17EE68244556EC909308EAA123525A" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="0F5FEDF4A08262BFD50FBE8BAA1ADAC8" type="Zenodo-Dep">8043342</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="1B6250638C8C22A17014C742F738CAAE" type="ZooBank">DE9C1F18-5CEE-4968-9991-075B977966FE</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="161B87CDBA560A31FF54FB77FE255B8C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8064269" ID-GBIF-Taxon="209700476" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8064269" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:161B87CDBA560A31FF54FB77FE255B8C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/161B87CDBA560A31FF54FB77FE255B8C" lastPageId="102" lastPageNumber="102" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">
<subSubSection id="D6A86550BA560A32FF54FB77FD595EF6" box="[151,712,1240,1267]" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="9E0D36DBBA560A32FF54FB77FD595EF6" blockId="101.[151,712,1240,1267]" box="[151,712,1240,1267]" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">
<heading id="C54581B7BA560A32FF54FB77FD595EF6" bold="true" box="[151,712,1240,1267]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" reason="3">
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA560A32FF54FB77FD595EF6" ID-CoL="8BN8Y" authority="Dyar &amp; Knab" authorityName="Dyar &amp; Knab" box="[151,712,1240,1267]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Culex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inimitabilis" subGenus="Microculex">
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA560A32FF54FB77FD595EF6" bold="true" box="[151,712,1240,1267]" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA560A32FF54FB77FF4E5EF6" bold="true" box="[151,223,1240,1267]" italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">Culex</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA560A32FF33FB77FEEA5EF6" bold="true" box="[240,379,1240,1267]" italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">Microculex</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA560A32FE4FFB77FD845EF6" bold="true" box="[396,533,1240,1267]" italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">inimitabilis</emphasis>
Dyar &amp; Knab
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D6A86550BA560A32FF54FAB2FBAD5FB5" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="9E0D36DBBA560A32FF54FAB2FCEB5F56" blockId="101.[151,1437,1308,1456]" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">
subspecies
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA560A32FECEFAB3FDF45F30" authority="Lane &amp; Whitman, 1951" authorityName="Lane &amp; Whitman" authorityYear="1951" box="[269,613,1308,1333]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Culex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fuscatus">
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA560A32FECEFAB3FEF55F31" bold="true" box="[269,356,1308,1332]" italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">fuscatus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA560A32FEADFAB2FDF45F30" author="Lane, J. &amp; Whitman, L." box="[366,613,1309,1333]" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" pagination="341 - 366" refId="ref163925" refString="Lane, J. &amp; Whitman, L. (1951) The subgenus &quot; Microculex &quot; in Brazil (Diptera, Culicidae). Revista Brasileira de Biologia, 11 (3), 341 - 366." type="journal article" year="1951">Lane &amp; Whitman, 1951</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
—original combination:
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA560A32FCAAFAB2FA9A5F30" authorityName="Lane &amp; Whitman" authorityYear="1951" box="[873,1291,1309,1333]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Culex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="inimitabilis" subGenus="Microculex" subSpecies="fuscatus">
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA560A32FCAAFAB2FC355F30" box="[873,932,1309,1333]" italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">Culex</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA560A32FC75FAB2FBB95F30" box="[950,1064,1309,1333]" italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">Microculex</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA560A32FBF8FAB2FA9A5F30" box="[1083,1291,1309,1333]" italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">inimitabilis fuscatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Distribution:
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA560A32FF04FA93FE965F51" box="[199,263,1340,1364]" name="Brazil" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">Brazil</collectingCountry>
, State of
<collectingRegion id="5C76F839BA560A32FEA5FA93FE695F51" box="[358,504,1340,1364]" country="Brazil" name="Rio de Janeiro" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">Rio de Janeiro</collectingRegion>
(
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA560A32FDC5FA93FD655F56" author="Lane, J. &amp; Whitman, L." box="[518,756,1339,1364]" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" pagination="341 - 366" refId="ref163925" refString="Lane, J. &amp; Whitman, L. (1951) The subgenus &quot; Microculex &quot; in Brazil (Diptera, Culicidae). Revista Brasileira de Biologia, 11 (3), 341 - 366." type="journal article" year="1951">Lane &amp; Whitman 1951</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA560A32FD3DFA93FCFC5F56" author="Lane, J." box="[766,877,1339,1363]" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" refId="ref163856" refString="Lane, J. (1953) Neotropical Culicidae. Vols. I &amp; II. University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, 1112 pp." type="book" year="1953">Lane 1953</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9E0D36DBBA560A32FF54FAF5FBAD5FB5" blockId="101.[151,1437,1308,1456]" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">
subspecies
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA560A32FEC8FAF5FDCE5F77" ID-CoL="8BN8Y" authority="Dyar &amp; Knab, 1906 b" authorityName="Dyar &amp; Knab" authorityYear="1906" box="[267,607,1370,1395]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Culex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inimitabilis">
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA560A32FEC8FAF5FE105F77" bold="true" box="[267,385,1370,1394]" italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">inimitabilis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA560A32FE4BFAF4FDCE5F77" author="Dyar, H. G. &amp; Knab, F." box="[392,607,1370,1395]" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" pagination="169 - 230" refId="ref152617" refString="Dyar, H. G. &amp; Knab, F. (1906 b) The larvae of Culicidae classified as independent organisms. Journal of the New York Entomological Society, 14 (4), 169 - 230, 13 pls." type="journal article" year="1906">Dyar &amp; Knab, 1906b</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
—original combination:
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA560A32FC9DFAF5FB825F77" ID-CoL="8BN8Y" authorityName="Dyar &amp; Knab" authorityYear="1906" box="[862,1043,1370,1394]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Culex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inimitabilis">
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA560A32FC9DFAF5FB825F77" box="[862,1043,1370,1394]" italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">Culex inimitabilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Distribution:
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA560A32FB69FAF5FB795F77" box="[1194,1256,1370,1394]" name="Brazil" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">Brazil</collectingCountry>
[(Middle Coastal States, São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, Pará (
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA560A32FD97FAD6FD555F94" author="Lane, J." box="[596,708,1401,1425]" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" refId="ref163856" refString="Lane, J. (1953) Neotropical Culicidae. Vols. I &amp; II. University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, 1112 pp." type="book" year="1953">Lane 1953</bibRefCitation>
)],
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA560A32FD1FFAD6FCD25F94" box="[732,835,1401,1425]" name="Colombia" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">Colombia</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA560A32FC88FAD6FC305F94" box="[843,929,1401,1425]" name="Ecuador" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA560A32FC69FAD6FBD05F94" box="[938,1089,1401,1425]" name="French Guiana" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">French Guiana</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA560A32FB89FAD6FB0A5F94" box="[1098,1179,1401,1425]" name="Guyana" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">Guyana</collectingCountry>
, Lesser Antilles (includes
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA560A32FF04FA37FE8E5FB5" box="[199,287,1432,1456]" name="Grenada" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">Grenada</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA560A32FEEAFA37FD915FB5" box="[297,512,1432,1456]" name="Trinidad and Tobago" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">Trinidad and Tobago</collectingCountry>
),
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA560A32FDD2FA37FDF55FAA" box="[529,612,1432,1455]" name="Panama" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">Panama</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA560A32FDADFA37FD435FB5" box="[622,722,1432,1456]" name="Suriname" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">Suriname</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA560A32FD18FA37FCD25FB5" box="[731,835,1432,1456]" name="Venezuela" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA560A32FC93FA37FBA05FB5" author="Wilkerson, R. C. &amp; Linton, Y. - M. &amp; Strickman, D." box="[848,1073,1432,1456]" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" refId="ref184924" refString="Wilkerson, R. C., Linton, Y. - M. &amp; Strickman, D. (2021) Mosquitoes of the world. Vols. 1 &amp; 2. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, Maryland, 1332 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.1186 / s 13071 - 021 - 04848 - 6" type="book" year="2021">
Wilkerson
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA560A32FC02FA37FC7F5FB5" box="[961,1006,1432,1456]" italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">et al</emphasis>
. 2021
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D6A86550BA560A31FF54FA71FE255B8C" lastPageId="102" lastPageNumber="103" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="9E0D36DBBA560A32FF54FA71FB3C5CA9" blockId="101.[151,1437,1502,2033]" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">
The subgenus
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA560A32FEF9FA71FE295FFD" authorityName="Theobald" authorityYear="1907" box="[314,440,1502,1528]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Microculex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA560A32FEF9FA71FE295FFD" box="[314,440,1502,1528]" italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">Microculex</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has not been dealt with since
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA560A32FCCFFA71FBB35FFC" author="Lane, J. &amp; Whitman, L." box="[780,1058,1502,1529]" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" pagination="341 - 366" refId="ref163925" refString="Lane, J. &amp; Whitman, L. (1951) The subgenus &quot; Microculex &quot; in Brazil (Diptera, Culicidae). Revista Brasileira de Biologia, 11 (3), 341 - 366." type="journal article" year="1951">Lane &amp; Whitman (1951)</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA560A32FB9AFA71FB745FFC" author="Lane, J." box="[1113,1253,1502,1529]" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" refId="ref163856" refString="Lane, J. (1953) Neotropical Culicidae. Vols. I &amp; II. University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, 1112 pp." type="book" year="1953">Lane (1953)</bibRefCitation>
, and the species are generally very poorly known.
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA560A32FDDEF9ADFD765C19" box="[541,743,1538,1564]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Culex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inimitabilis">
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA560A32FDDEF9ADFD765C19" box="[541,743,1538,1564]" italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">Culex inimitabilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was described from larvae, apparently lost (
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA560A32FB26F9ADFF4E5C44" author="Stone, A. &amp; Knight, K. L." pageId="101" pageNumber="102" pagination="42 - 59" refId="ref179844" refString="Stone, A. &amp; Knight, K. L. (1957 a) Type specimens of mosquitoes in the United States National Museum: IV, The genus Culex (Diptera, Culicidae). Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences, 47 (2), 42 - 59." type="journal article" year="1957">Stone &amp; Knight 1957a</bibRefCitation>
), that were collected in
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA560A32FE2DF989FDC05C45" box="[494,593,1574,1600]" name="Trinidad and Tobago" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">Trinidad</collectingCountry>
.
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA560A32FD9FF989FCD85C44" author="Howard, L. O. &amp; Dyar, H. G. &amp; Knab, F." box="[604,841,1574,1601]" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" refId="ref160451" refString="Howard, L. O., Dyar, H. G. &amp; Knab, F. (1915) The mosquitoes of North and Central America and the West Indies. Vol. 3. Systematic description (in two parts). Part I. Publication No. 159. Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington, D. C., vi + 523 pp." type="book" year="1915">
Howard
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA560A32FD7DF988FD615C45" box="[702,752,1574,1600]" italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">et al</emphasis>
. (1915)
</bibRefCitation>
reproduced the very brief original description of the larva, provided a more detailed description of the larva and described the adult male and female, which established the currently accepted morphological concept of the species. They did not describe the pupa.
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA560A32FB6AF9C1FAA35C8D" author="Dyar, H. G." box="[1193,1330,1646,1672]" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" refId="ref152545" refString="Dyar, H. G. (1928) The mosquitoes of the Americas. Publication No. 387. Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington, D. C., 616 pp." type="book" year="1928">Dyar (1928)</bibRefCitation>
provided a less detailed description of the female, male and larva, but he also did not describe the pupa
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9E0D36DBBA560A31FF04F919FE255B8C" blockId="101.[151,1437,1502,2033]" lastBlockId="102.[151,1437,151,393]" lastPageId="102" lastPageNumber="103" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA560A32FF04F919FE7F5CD4" author="Lane, J. &amp; Whitman, L." box="[199,494,1718,1745]" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" pagination="341 - 366" refId="ref163925" refString="Lane, J. &amp; Whitman, L. (1951) The subgenus &quot; Microculex &quot; in Brazil (Diptera, Culicidae). Revista Brasileira de Biologia, 11 (3), 341 - 366." type="journal article" year="1951">Lane &amp; Whitman (1951)</bibRefCitation>
established
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA560A32FD47F919FD715CD5" authorityName="Lane &amp; Whitman" authorityYear="1951" box="[644,736,1718,1744]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Culex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fuscatus">
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA560A32FD47F919FD715CD5" box="[644,736,1718,1744]" italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">fuscatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as a subspecies of
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA560A32FC10F919FBC25CD5" box="[979,1107,1718,1744]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Culex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inimitabilis">
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA560A32FC10F919FBC25CD5" box="[979,1107,1718,1744]" italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">inimitabilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
based on specimens reared from larvae collected in
<collectingRegion id="5C76F839BA560A32FE75F975FDF35CF1" box="[438,610,1754,1780]" country="Brazil" name="Rio de Janeiro" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">Rio de Janeiro</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA560A32FDB3F975FD295CF1" box="[624,696,1754,1780]" name="Brazil" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">Brazil</collectingCountry>
. The authors, and also
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA560A32FC0AF975FBC95CF0" author="Lane, J." box="[969,1112,1754,1781]" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" refId="ref163856" refString="Lane, J. (1953) Neotropical Culicidae. Vols. I &amp; II. University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, 1112 pp." type="book" year="1953">Lane (1953)</bibRefCitation>
, provided brief descriptions of the female, male, pupa and larva of both forms and distinguished
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA560A32FC64F951FB925D1D" authorityName="Lane &amp; Whitman" authorityYear="1951" box="[935,1027,1790,1816]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Culex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fuscatus">
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA560A32FC64F951FB925D1D" box="[935,1027,1790,1816]" italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">fuscatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
based on the following differences: Abdominal terga of the adult female without basolateral white spots (present in the
<typeStatus id="41098879BA560A32FBFFF88DFBFD5D39" box="[1084,1132,1826,1852]" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">type</typeStatus>
form), siphon 10–12 times longer than the basal width (8–10 times longer in the
<typeStatus id="41098879BA560A32FD28F8E9FC8A5D65" box="[747,795,1862,1888]" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">type</typeStatus>
form), abdominal terga II–IV of the pupa with somewhat triangular area of dark pigmentation, the broad areas on terga each with a pair of unpigmented spots (dark area of pigmentation on terga III and IV and a pair of unpigmented spots on III in the
<typeStatus id="41098879BA560A32FBE3F821FBC15DAD" box="[1056,1104,1934,1960]" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">type</typeStatus>
form), pupal seta 5-II nearly twice as long as the tergum (slightly shorter than the tergum in the
<typeStatus id="41098879BA560A32FC57F81DFC555DC9" box="[916,964,1970,1996]" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">type</typeStatus>
form). It is interesting that
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA560A32FAC2F81DFF735DF4" author="Howard, L. O. &amp; Dyar, H. G. &amp; Knab, F." pageId="101" pageNumber="102" refId="ref160451" refString="Howard, L. O., Dyar, H. G. &amp; Knab, F. (1915) The mosquitoes of North and Central America and the West Indies. Vol. 3. Systematic description (in two parts). Part I. Publication No. 159. Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington, D. C., vi + 523 pp." type="book" year="1915">
Howard
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA560A32FAA0F81CFA045DC9" box="[1379,1429,1970,1996]" italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">et al</emphasis>
. (1915)
</bibRefCitation>
described the siphon of the larva of
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA560A32FD48F879FC9A5DF5" box="[651,779,2006,2032]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Culex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inimitabilis">
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA560A32FD48F879FC9A5DF5" box="[651,779,2006,2032]" italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">inimitabilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as being about 14 times longer than the basal width, and yet, in agreement with Lane &amp; Whitman,
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA550A31FDA8FF38FD645AB4" author="Dyar, H. G." box="[619,757,151,177]" pageId="102" pageNumber="103" refId="ref152545" refString="Dyar, H. G. (1928) The mosquitoes of the Americas. Publication No. 387. Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington, D. C., 616 pp." type="book" year="1928">Dyar (1928)</bibRefCitation>
indicated that the siphon of the
<typeStatus id="41098879BA550A31FB9CFF38FB1E5AB4" box="[1119,1167,151,177]" pageId="102" pageNumber="103">type</typeStatus>
form is 10 times longer than the basal width, which brings into question the value of the siphon index for distinguishing the two forms. That aside, the differences exhibited by adult females and pupae, coupled with the recorded occurrence of both forms in
<collectingRegion id="5C76F839BA550A31FF54FEACFEEF5B18" box="[151,382,259,285]" country="Brazil" name="Rio de Janeiro" pageId="102" pageNumber="103">Rio de Janeiro State</collectingRegion>
, suggests that
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA550A31FDE0FEACFDEE5B18" authorityName="Lane &amp; Whitman" authorityYear="1951" box="[547,639,259,285]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Culex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="102" pageNumber="103" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fuscatus">
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA550A31FDE0FEACFDEE5B18" box="[547,639,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="102" pageNumber="103">fuscatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA550A31FD74FEACFCA65B18" box="[695,823,259,285]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Culex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="102" pageNumber="103" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inimitabilis">
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA550A31FD74FEACFCA65B18" box="[695,823,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="102" pageNumber="103">inimitabilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are separate species that exist in sympatry. Therefore, until additional observations may prove otherwise, we believe it is prudent to recognize
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA550A31FB62FE88FB6C5B44" authorityName="Lane &amp; Whitman" authorityYear="1951" box="[1185,1277,295,321]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Culex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="102" pageNumber="103" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fuscatus">
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA550A31FB62FE88FB6C5B44" box="[1185,1277,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="102" pageNumber="103">fuscatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as a separate species:
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA550A31FF3BFEE5FCFD5B61" authority="Lane &amp; Whitman, 1951" authorityName="Lane &amp; Whitman" authorityYear="1951" box="[248,876,330,357]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Culex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="102" pageNumber="103" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fuscatus" subGenus="Microculex">
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA550A31FF3BFEE5FCFD5B61" bold="true" box="[248,876,330,357]" pageId="102" pageNumber="103">
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA550A31FF3BFEE5FEAD5B60" bold="true" box="[248,316,330,357]" italics="true" pageId="102" pageNumber="103">Culex</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA550A31FE8CFEE5FE425B60" bold="true" box="[335,467,330,357]" italics="true" pageId="102" pageNumber="103">Microculex</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA550A31FE26FEE5FDD45B61" bold="true" box="[485,581,330,356]" italics="true" pageId="102" pageNumber="103">fuscatus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA550A31FD8DFEE4FCFD5B61" author="Lane, J. &amp; Whitman, L." box="[590,876,330,357]" pageId="102" pageNumber="103" pagination="341 - 366" refId="ref163925" refString="Lane, J. &amp; Whitman, L. (1951) The subgenus &quot; Microculex &quot; in Brazil (Diptera, Culicidae). Revista Brasileira de Biologia, 11 (3), 341 - 366." type="journal article" year="1951">Lane &amp; Whitman, 1951</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA550A31FCB8FEE4FBB05B60" authorityName="Lane &amp; Whitman" authorityYear="1951" box="[891,1057,331,357]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Culex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="102" pageNumber="103" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fuscatus">
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA550A31FCB8FEE4FBB05B60" box="[891,1057,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="102" pageNumber="103">Culex fuscatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is currently listed as a species in the Encyclopedia of Life.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
Reference in a new issue View git blame Copy permalink