390 lines
46 KiB
XML
390 lines
46 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="77C621F9488DD0034E68F5ACA92367BE">The insupportable validity of mosquito subspecies (Diptera: Culicidae) and their exclusion from culicid classification</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="0FF6C292D240CB2B1BA4E209D71E4F3B">Harbach, Ralph E.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="2DE37CBF241A2804512EB41AEAFFD374">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<treatment id="161B87CDBA3E0A58FF54F969FE405AD0" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8061402" ID-GBIF-Taxon="209700435" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8061402" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:161B87CDBA3E0A58FF54F969FE405AD0" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/161B87CDBA3E0A58FF54F969FE405AD0" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="15" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
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<subSubSection id="D6A86550BA3E0A5AFF54F969FD0D5CE4" box="[151,668,1734,1761]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="9E0D36DBBA3E0A5AFF54F969FD0D5CE4" blockId="13.[151,668,1734,1761]" box="[151,668,1734,1761]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
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<heading id="C54581B7BA3E0A5AFF54F969FD0D5CE4" bold="true" box="[151,668,1734,1761]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" reason="4">
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<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA3E0A5AFF54F969FD0D5CE4" ID-CoL="89VCN" authority="Edwards" authorityName="Edwards" box="[151,668,1734,1761]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Aedes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tricholabis" subGenus="Aedimorphus">
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<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA3E0A5AFF54F969FD0D5CE4" bold="true" box="[151,668,1734,1761]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
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<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA3E0A5AFF54F969FF4E5CE4" bold="true" box="[151,223,1734,1761]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Aedes</emphasis>
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(
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<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA3E0A5AFF33F969FE025CE4" bold="true" box="[240,403,1734,1761]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Aedimorphus</emphasis>
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)
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<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA3E0A5AFE67F969FDB45CE4" bold="true" box="[420,549,1734,1761]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">tricholabis</emphasis>
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Edwards
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</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="D6A86550BA3E0A5AFF54F8A4FBE55D7A" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="9E0D36DBBA3E0A5AFF54F8A4FD6E5D47" blockId="13.[151,1437,1803,1920]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
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subspecies
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<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA3E0A5AFEC8F8A4FDA15D26" authority="van Someren, 1950" authorityName="van Someren" authorityYear="1950" box="[267,560,1803,1827]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Aedes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bwamba">
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<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA3E0A5AFEC8F8A4FEF35D26" bold="true" box="[267,354,1803,1827]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">bwamba</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA3E0A5AFEA9F8A3FDA15D26" author="van Someren, E. C. C." box="[362,560,1803,1827]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="67 - 69" refId="ref183524" refString="van Someren, E. C. C. (1950) Ethiopian Culicidae: A description of a new sub-species of Aedes (Aedimorphus) tricholabis Edwards. Proceedings of the Royal Entomological Society of London, Series B: Taxonomy, 19 (5 - 6), 67 - 69. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 3113.1950. tb 00933. x" type="journal article" year="1950">van Someren, 1950</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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—original combination:
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<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA3E0A5AFCECF8A4FA9C5D26" authorityName="van Someren" authorityYear="1950" box="[815,1293,1803,1827]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Aedes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="tricholabis" subGenus="Aedimorphus" subSpecies="bwamba">
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<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA3E0A5AFCECF8A4FCFA5D26" box="[815,875,1803,1827]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Aedes</emphasis>
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(
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<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA3E0A5AFCB8F8A4FB935D26" box="[891,1026,1803,1827]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Aedimorphus</emphasis>
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)
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<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA3E0A5AFBD0F8A4FB105D26" box="[1043,1153,1803,1827]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">tricholabis</emphasis>
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ssp.
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<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA3E0A5AFB74F8A4FA9C5D26" box="[1207,1293,1803,1827]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">bwamba</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Distribution:
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<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA3E0A5AFF04F885FE975D47" box="[199,262,1834,1858]" name="Benin" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Benin</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA3E0A5AFED3F885FEC45D47" box="[272,341,1834,1858]" name="Kenya" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Kenya</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA3E0A5AFE9CF885FE3F5D47" box="[351,430,1834,1858]" name="Nigeria" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Nigeria</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA3E0A5AFE7BF885FD965D47" box="[440,519,1834,1858]" name="Uganda" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Uganda</collectingCountry>
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||
(
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<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA3E0A5AFDD7F885FD655D47" author="Wilkerson, R. C. & Linton, Y. - M. & Strickman, D." box="[532,756,1834,1858]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" refId="ref184924" refString="Wilkerson, R. C., Linton, Y. - M. & Strickman, D. (2021) Mosquitoes of the world. Vols. 1 & 2. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, Maryland, 1332 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.1186 / s 13071 - 021 - 04848 - 6" type="book" year="2021">
|
||
Wilkerson
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||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA3E0A5AFD47F884FD205D47" box="[644,689,1834,1858]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">et al</emphasis>
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||
. 2021
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||
</bibRefCitation>
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||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="9E0D36DBBA3E0A5AFF54F8E7FBE55D7A" blockId="13.[151,1437,1803,1920]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
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||
subspecies
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<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA3E0A5AFEC8F8E7FD895D65" ID-CoL="89VCN" authority="Edwards, 1941" authorityName="Edwards" authorityYear="1941" box="[267,536,1864,1888]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Aedes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tricholabis">
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||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA3E0A5AFEC8F8E7FEEB5D65" bold="true" box="[267,378,1864,1888]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">tricholabis</emphasis>
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||
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA3E0A5AFE41F8E7FD895D65" author="Edwards, F. W." box="[386,536,1864,1888]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" refId="ref154310" refString="Edwards, F. W. (1941) Mosquitoes of the Ethiopian Region III. - Culicine adults and pupae. Printed by order of the Trustees, British Museum (Natural History), London, viii + 499 pp." type="book" year="1941">Edwards, 1941</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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—original combination:
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<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA3E0A5AFCDBF8E7FBFB5D65" ID-CoL="89VCN" authority="Edwards" authorityName="Edwards" box="[792,1130,1864,1889]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Aedes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tricholabis" subGenus="Aedimorphus">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA3E0A5AFCDBF8E7FCC55D65" box="[792,852,1864,1888]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Aedes</emphasis>
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||
(
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<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA3E0A5AFCA7F8E7FC7A5D65" box="[868,1003,1864,1888]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Aedimorphus</emphasis>
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||
)
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<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA3E0A5AFC3FF8E7FBFB5D65" box="[1020,1130,1864,1888]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">tricholabis</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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. Distribution:
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<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA3E0A5AFAC3F8E7FAAE5D65" box="[1280,1343,1864,1888]" name="Benin" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Benin</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA3E0A5AFA88F8E7FA0C5D65" box="[1355,1437,1864,1888]" name="Burkina Faso" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Burkina</collectingCountry>
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Faso,
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<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA3E0A5AFEC7F8C8FD945D7A" box="[260,517,1895,1919]" name="Central African Republic" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Central African Republic</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA3E0A5AFDCCF8C8FD085D7A" box="[527,665,1895,1919]" name="Ivory Coast" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Côte d’Ivoire</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA3E0A5AFD60F8C7FD795D85" box="[675,744,1896,1920]" name="Kenya" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Kenya</collectingCountry>
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||
,
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||
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA3E0A5AFD31F8C8FCB55D7A" box="[754,804,1895,1919]" name="Serbia" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Mali</collectingCountry>
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||
,
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<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA3E0A5AFCECF8C8FBE15D7A" ID-CoL="8F54X" authority="(Wilkerson et al. 2021)" baseAuthorityName="Wilkerson" baseAuthorityYear="2021" box="[815,1136,1895,1919]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Stegomyia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigeria">
|
||
Nigeria (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA3E0A5AFC4BF8C8FBF95D7A" author="Wilkerson, R. C. & Linton, Y. - M. & Strickman, D." box="[904,1128,1895,1919]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" refId="ref184924" refString="Wilkerson, R. C., Linton, Y. - M. & Strickman, D. (2021) Mosquitoes of the world. Vols. 1 & 2. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, Maryland, 1332 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.1186 / s 13071 - 021 - 04848 - 6" type="book" year="2021">
|
||
Wilkerson
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA3E0A5AFC3BF8C7FBB45D7A" box="[1016,1061,1895,1919]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2021
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="D6A86550BA3E0A58FF54F802FE405AD0" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="16" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="9E0D36DBBA3E0A59FF54F802FAB85BA8" blockId="13.[151,1436,1965,2028]" lastBlockId="14.[151,1437,151,2013]" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="15" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
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This taxon is an example of the scant taxonomic work carried out on mosquitoes in Africa on all but the most important vectors of human and animal pathogens.
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<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA3E0A5AFD25F87EFC3A5DEE" box="[742,939,2001,2027]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Aedes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tricholabis">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA3E0A5AFD25F87EFC3A5DEE" box="[742,939,2001,2027]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Aedes tricholabis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was described from the adult female, male and male genitalia, but not the larval or pupal stages. Subspecies
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA3D0A59FC41FF38FC705AB4" authorityName="van Someren" authorityYear="1950" box="[898,993,151,177]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Aedes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bwamba">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA3D0A59FC41FF38FC705AB4" box="[898,993,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">bwamba</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was described, in addition to the larva and pupa, from the adult male and female, which were distinguished from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA3D0A59FC36FF14FBFF5AD0" box="[1013,1134,187,213]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Aedes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tricholabis">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA3D0A59FC36FF14FBFF5AD0" box="[1013,1134,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">tricholabis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
based on a single, but we think significant, character. Because the larval and pupal stages of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA3D0A59FC57FF70FB9C5AFC" box="[916,1037,223,249]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Aedes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tricholabis">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA3D0A59FC57FF70FB9C5AFC" box="[916,1037,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">tricholabis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are not known, descriptions of the immature stages of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA3D0A59FEBBFEACFE465B18" authorityName="van Someren" authorityYear="1950" box="[376,471,259,285]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Aedes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bwamba">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA3D0A59FEBBFEACFE465B18" box="[376,471,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">bwamba</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have served to represent
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA3D0A59FD38FEACFCE55B18" box="[763,884,259,285]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Aedes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tricholabis">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA3D0A59FD38FEACFCE55B18" box="[763,884,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">tricholabis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see below). The dearth of specimens needed to carry out direct comparisons of all life stages is surprising given that
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA3D0A59FC57FE88FB125B44" box="[916,1155,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA3D0A59FC57FE88FB9C5B44" box="[916,1037,295,321]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Aedes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" sensu="lato" species="tricholabis">tricholabis</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B7F557B2BA3D0A59FBD0FE88FB125B44" box="[1043,1155,295,321]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" sensu="lato">sensu lato</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
has been found to harbor Dengue, Sindbis and other viruses (
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA3D0A59FDEDFEE4FDC75B61" box="[558,598,331,356]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">e.g.</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA3D0A59FD9CFEE4FCD25B60" author="Ochieng, C. & Lutomiah, J. & Makio, A. & Koka, H. & Chepkorir, E. & Yalwala, S. & Mutesya, J. & Musila, L. & Kharmadi, S. & Richardson, J. & Bast, J. & Schnabel, D. & Wurapa, E. & Sang, R." box="[607,835,331,357]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" refId="ref171967" refString="Ochieng, C., Lutomiah, J., Makio, A., Koka, H., Chepkorir, E., Yalwala, S., Mutesya, J., Musila, L., Kharmadi, S., Richardson, J., Bast, J., Schnabel, D., Wurapa, E. & Sang, R. (2013) Mosquito-borne arbovirus surveillance at selected sites in diverse ecological zones of Kenya; 2007 - 2012. Virology Journal, 10, 140. https: // doi. org / 10.1186 / 1743 - 422 X- 10 - 140" type="journal volume" year="2013">
|
||
Ochieng
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA3D0A59FD05FEE4FD695B60" box="[710,760,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2013
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA3D0A59FC93FEE4FBA25B60" author="Munyao, V. & Karisa, J. & Munyao, C. M. & Ngari, M. & Menza, N. & Peshu, N. & Rono, M. & Mbogo, C. & Mwangangi, J." box="[848,1075,331,357]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="1972 - 1982" refId="ref171007" refString="Munyao, V., Karisa, J., Munyao, C. M., Ngari, M., Menza, N., Peshu, N., Rono, M., Mbogo, C. & Mwangangi, J. (2020) Surveillance of culicine mosquitoes in six villages of Taita-Taveta County, Kenya, with host determinations from blood-fed females. Journal of Medical Entomology, 57 (6), 1972 - 1982. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / jme / tjaa 109" type="journal article" year="2020">
|
||
Munyao
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA3D0A59FC76FEE4FC795B60" box="[949,1000,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2020
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA3D0A59FBFCFEE4FA945B60" author="Musa, A. A. & Muturi, M. W. & Musyoki, A. M. & Ouso, D. O. & Oundo, J. W. & Makhulu, E. E. & Wambua, L & Villinger, J. & Jeneby, M. W." box="[1087,1285,331,357]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="444 - 453" refId="ref171103" refString="Musa, A. A., Muturi, M. W., Musyoki, A. M., Ouso, D. O., Oundo, J. W., Makhulu, E. E., Wambua, L, Villinger, J. & Jeneby, M. W. (2020) Arboviruses and blood meal sources in zoophilic mosquitoes at human-wildlife interfaces in Kenya. Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases, 20 (6), 444 - 453. https: // doi. org / 10.1089 / vbz. 2019.2563" type="journal article" year="2020">
|
||
Musa
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA3D0A59FB45FEE4FB285B60" box="[1158,1209,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2020
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). In a sample of published studies, we found that most authors cited
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA3D0A59FCDBFEC0FC5E5B8C" author="Edwards, F. W." box="[792,975,367,393]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" refId="ref154310" refString="Edwards, F. W. (1941) Mosquitoes of the Ethiopian Region III. - Culicine adults and pupae. Printed by order of the Trustees, British Museum (Natural History), London, viii + 499 pp." type="book" year="1941">Edwards (1941)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
as the authority for identifications, and therefore subspecies
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA3D0A59FE41FE3CFE795BA8" box="[386,488,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA3D0A59FE41FE3CFE755BA8" authorityName="van Someren" authorityYear="1950" box="[386,484,403,429]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Aedes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bwamba">bwamba</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
not yet described in 1941, was subsequently ignored in post-1950 studies.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9E0D36DBBA3D0A59FF04FE18FE7F59CC" blockId="14.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA3D0A59FF04FE18FE1D5BD4" box="[199,396,439,465]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Aedes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tricholabis">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA3D0A59FF04FE18FE1D5BD4" box="[199,396,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Aedes tricholabis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was described from
|
||
<specimenCount id="88B4FD52BA3D0A59FDBFFE18FD615BD4" box="[636,752,439,465]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="male">two males</specimenCount>
|
||
and
|
||
<specimenCount id="88B4FD52BA3D0A59FCE9FE18FC275BD4" box="[810,950,439,465]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="female">five females</specimenCount>
|
||
collected in
|
||
<location id="9B6D6000BA3D0A59FB88FE18FB175BD4" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:161B87CDBA3E0A58FF54F969FE405AD0:9B6D6000BA3D0A59FB88FE18FB175BD4" box="[1099,1158,439,465]" country="Kenya" name="Gede" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Gede</location>
|
||
(or Gedi), located north of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA3D0A59FF75FE74FEB65BF0" box="[182,295,475,501]" name="Kenya" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Mombasa</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA3D0A59FEF0FE74FE115BF0" box="[307,384,475,501]" name="Kenya" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Kenya</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA3D0A59FE48FE74FDC15BF0" author="Townsend, B. C." box="[395,592,475,501]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="35 - 152" refId="ref182830" refString="Townsend, B. C. (1990) Culicidae. In: Townsend, B. C., Chainey, J. E., Crosskey, R. W., Pont, A. C., Lane, R. P., Boorman, J. P. T. & Crouch, C. A. (Eds.), A catalogue of the types of bloodsucking flies in the British Museum (Natural History), Natural History Museum, London, pp. 35 - 152." type="book chapter" year="1990">Townsend (1990)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
found
|
||
<specimenCount id="88B4FD52BA3D0A59FD62FE74FCB85BF0" box="[673,809,475,501]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="female">two females</specimenCount>
|
||
and the
|
||
<typeStatus id="41098879BA3D0A59FC48FE74FC635BF0" box="[907,1010,475,501]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
male (designated by Mattingly 1956) in the collection of the Natural History Museum, London. Edwards distinguished
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA3D0A59FB8AFE50FB53581C" box="[1097,1218,511,537]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Aedes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tricholabis">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA3D0A59FB8AFE50FB53581C" box="[1097,1218,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">tricholabis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in a key using the following characters: Scutellum with narrow scales only; decumbent scales of vertex all narrow; femora and tibiae not striped; hindtarsus entirely dark; head in female with a distinct patch of dark decumbent scales on vertex (this patch absent in males); abdominal terga usually with complete basal pale bands; postspiracular scales all broad and flat; hindfemur pale beneath almost to apex; hindungues (as hindtarsal claws) simple. The description also states that all scutellar scales are narrow and yellowish, and, in addition to pale basal bands on all terga, there are also dark apical bands on the sterna. The adult male, as noted above, does not have a patch of dark decumbent scales on the vertex, which led Edwards to question if the males and females were the same species, because there were no associated larval and pupal exuviae to prove otherwise. To our knowledge, this query has not been answered. The most remarkable distinguishing feature of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA3D0A59FDB8FCECFD655958" box="[635,756,835,861]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Aedes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tricholabis">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA3D0A59FDB8FCECFD655958" box="[635,756,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">tricholabis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(and subspecies
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA3D0A59FC74FCECFB875958" authorityName="van Someren" authorityYear="1950" box="[951,1046,835,861]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Aedes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bwamba">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA3D0A59FC74FCECFB875958" box="[951,1046,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">bwamba</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), however, is a gonostylus, which on the ventral surface (“outer edge”) is “provided with a row of long soft hairs [setae], most of which are branched, the one nearest the base having most branches.” The egg, larva and pupa have not been described and only the male genitalia have been illustrated.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9E0D36DBBA3D0A59FF04FC7CFB045FC4" blockId="14.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
Subspecies
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA3D0A59FE88FC7CFE3B59E8" authorityName="van Someren" authorityYear="1950" box="[331,426,979,1005]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Aedes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bwamba">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA3D0A59FE88FC7CFE3B59E8" box="[331,426,979,1005]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">bwamba</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was described from the male
|
||
<typeStatus id="41098879BA3D0A59FD3FFC7CFCF059E8" box="[764,865,979,1005]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="88B4FD52BA3D0A59FCAEFC7CFC5A59E8" box="[877,971,979,1005]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="male">six male</specimenCount>
|
||
<typeStatus id="41098879BA3D0A59FC10FC7CFBD059E8" box="[979,1089,979,1005]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
, and five larval and nine pupal exuviae from Bwamba Province, Toro District, in western
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA3D0A59FC8EFC58FC395E14" box="[845,936,1015,1041]" name="Uganda" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Uganda</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA3D0A59FC75FC58FBEE5E14" author="Townsend, B. C." box="[950,1151,1015,1041]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="35 - 152" refId="ref182830" refString="Townsend, B. C. (1990) Culicidae. In: Townsend, B. C., Chainey, J. E., Crosskey, R. W., Pont, A. C., Lane, R. P., Boorman, J. P. T. & Crouch, C. A. (Eds.), A catalogue of the types of bloodsucking flies in the British Museum (Natural History), Natural History Museum, London, pp. 35 - 152." type="book chapter" year="1990">Townsend (1990)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
found the
|
||
<typeStatus id="41098879BA3D0A59FAC5FC58FAF95E14" box="[1286,1384,1015,1041]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
and
|
||
<specimenCount id="88B4FD52BA3D0A59FF54FBB4FEAB5E30" box="[151,314,1051,1077]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="generic" typeStatus="paratypes">four paratypes</specimenCount>
|
||
in the collection of the Natural History Museum, London.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA3D0A59FC21FBB4FB5F5E30" author="van Someren, E. C. C." box="[994,1230,1050,1077]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="67 - 69" refId="ref183524" refString="van Someren, E. C. C. (1950) Ethiopian Culicidae: A description of a new sub-species of Aedes (Aedimorphus) tricholabis Edwards. Proceedings of the Royal Entomological Society of London, Series B: Taxonomy, 19 (5 - 6), 67 - 69. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 3113.1950. tb 00933. x" type="journal article" year="1950">Van Someren (1950)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
provided detailed descriptions of the adult male, male genitalia, and larval and pupal stages. Only the male genitalia and pupa were illustrated. Van Someren stated: “The male terminalia of this species do not differ from the figure of
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA3D0A59FA92FBCCFAF35E78" box="[1361,1378,1123,1149]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">A</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA3D0A59FAB2FBCCFE815EA4" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Aedes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tricholabis" subGenus="Aedimorphus">
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA3D0A59FAB8FBCCFA1D5E78" box="[1403,1420,1123,1149]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">A</emphasis>
|
||
.)
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA3D0A59FF54FB28FE815EA4" box="[151,272,1159,1185]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">tricholabis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
...”. The description of the male of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA3D0A59FD60FB28FC935EA4" authorityName="van Someren" authorityYear="1950" box="[675,770,1159,1185]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Aedes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bwamba">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA3D0A59FD60FB28FC935EA4" box="[675,770,1159,1185]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">bwamba</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
does not appear to us to differ from
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA3D0A59FB69FB28FABB5EA4" box="[1194,1322,1159,1185]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA3D0A59FB69FB28FAB75EA4" box="[1194,1318,1159,1185]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Aedes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tricholabis">tricholabis</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
including the lack of a patch of dark decumbent scales on the vertex. However, the scutellum is “clothed with broad creamy white scales on all lobes.” This is in contrast to the scutellar scales being all narrow and yellowish in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA3D0A59FB28FB60FAF55EEC" box="[1259,1380,1231,1257]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Aedes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tricholabis">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA3D0A59FB28FB60FAF55EEC" box="[1259,1380,1231,1257]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">tricholabis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The larval stage of subspecies
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA3D0A59FE01FB5CFDB05F08" authorityName="van Someren" authorityYear="1950" box="[450,545,1267,1293]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Aedes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bwamba">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA3D0A59FE01FB5CFDB05F08" box="[450,545,1267,1293]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">bwamba</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is apparently quite distinctive, as relayed in a personal communication to van Someren: “Dr. Haddow (personal communication) states that the larvae are very pale and transparent in life, with the eye spots very large and black. Usually the swimming is done with the mouth brushes, but when they are disturbed, body swimming movements occur. They are markedly restless, often looping the loop under water and have a habit of browsing. …The larval skins are very fragile, with all the setae pale and transparent and easily detached.” The larval stage of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA3D0A59FEFEFA08FE275FC4" box="[317,438,1447,1473]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Aedes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tricholabis">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA3D0A59FEFEFA08FE275FC4" box="[317,438,1447,1473]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">tricholabis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is not known, precluding a comparison with subspecies
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA3D0A59FBECFA08FB1F5FC4" authorityName="van Someren" authorityYear="1950" box="[1071,1166,1447,1473]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Aedes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bwamba">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA3D0A59FBECFA08FB1F5FC4" box="[1071,1166,1447,1473]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">bwamba</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9E0D36DBBA3D0A59FF04FA64FEB35C70" blockId="14.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA3D0A59FF04FA64FEE95FE0" author="Hopkins, G. H. E." box="[199,376,1482,1509]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" refId="ref160249" refString="Hopkins, G. H. E. (1952) Mosquitoes of the Ethiopian Region I. - Larval bionomics of mosquitoes and taxonomy of culicine larvae. 2 nd Edition. British Museum (Natural History), London, viii + 355 pp." type="book" year="1952">Hopkins (1952)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
used van Someren’s description of the larva of subspecies
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA3D0A59FBD1FA64FBE05FE0" authorityName="van Someren" authorityYear="1950" box="[1042,1137,1483,1509]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Aedes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bwamba">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA3D0A59FBD1FA64FBE05FE0" box="[1042,1137,1483,1509]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">bwamba</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to represent the
|
||
<typeStatus id="41098879BA3D0A59FAEDFA64FACF5FE0" box="[1326,1374,1483,1509]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">type</typeStatus>
|
||
form and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA3D0A59FF04FA40FE225C0C" author="Pao, B. & Knight, K. L." box="[199,435,1519,1545]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="98 - 131" refId="ref172607" refString="Pao, B. & Knight, K. L. (1970) The fourth instar larval mandible and maxilla of selected Aedes (Aedimorphus) species (Diptera, Culicidae). Mosquito Systematics Newsletter, 2 (3), 98 - 131." type="journal article" year="1970">Pao & Knight (1970)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
described the larval mandible and maxilla of subspecies
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA3D0A59FBF0FA40FB035C0C" authorityName="van Someren" authorityYear="1950" box="[1075,1170,1519,1545]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Aedes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bwamba">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA3D0A59FBF0FA40FB035C0C" box="[1075,1170,1519,1545]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">bwamba</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to represent
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA3D0A59FAE0FA40FE9D5C28" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA3D0A59FAE0FA40FA0D5C0C" box="[1315,1436,1519,1545]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Aedes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" sensu="lato" species="tricholabis">tricholabis</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B7F557B2BA3D0A59FF54F9BCFE9D5C28" box="[151,268,1555,1581]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" sensu="lato">sensu lato</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
. No explanation was given of how the taxonomic determination was made. Similarly,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA3D0A59FAC9F9BCFEC05C54" author="Cordellier, R. & Geoffroy, B." pageId="14" pageNumber="15" refId="ref149237" refString="Cordellier, R. & Geoffroy, B. (1976) Les moustiques de Republique Centrafricaine. Distribution, abundance et frequence des culicines dans l'ouest du pays. Les arbovirus isoles. Travaux et Documents de L'O. R. S. T. O. M. No. 49. O. R. S. T. O. M., Paris, 105 pp." type="book" year="1976">Cordellier & Geoffroy (1976)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
represented
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA3D0A59FE27F998FD4B5C54" box="[484,730,1591,1617]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA3D0A59FE27F998FDCC5C54" box="[484,605,1591,1617]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Aedes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" sensu="lato" species="tricholabis">tricholabis</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B7F557B2BA3D0A59FDA4F998FD4B5C54" box="[615,730,1591,1617]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" sensu="lato">sensu lato</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
as both a species and as a species with a subspecies, without explanation.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9E0D36DBBA3D0A59FF04F9D0FD815D48" blockId="14.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
The distributions of these nominal taxa, therefore, have not been documented, other than for the
|
||
<typeStatus id="41098879BA3D0A59FAC3F9D0FAA15C9C" box="[1280,1328,1663,1689]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">type</typeStatus>
|
||
localities and for surveys that used
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA3D0A59FE0BF90CFDEE5CB8" author="Edwards, F. W." box="[456,639,1699,1725]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" refId="ref154310" refString="Edwards, F. W. (1941) Mosquitoes of the Ethiopian Region III. - Culicine adults and pupae. Printed by order of the Trustees, British Museum (Natural History), London, viii + 499 pp." type="book" year="1941">Edwards (1941)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
as an identification resource.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA3D0A59FC22F90CFB1D5CB8" author="Service, M. W." box="[993,1164,1699,1725]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="229 - 230" refId="ref177984" refString="Service, M. W. (1960) Taxonomic notes on some larvae of the genus Aedes (Diptera: Culicidae) from Lokoja in northern Nigeria. Entomologist's Monthly Magazine, 96, 229 - 230." type="journal article" year="1960">Service (1960)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, however, added to the description of the larva of subspecies
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA3D0A59FDF5F968FD045CE4" authorityName="van Someren" authorityYear="1950" box="[566,661,1735,1761]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Aedes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bwamba">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA3D0A59FDF5F968FD045CE4" box="[566,661,1735,1761]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">bwamba</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Lokoja,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA3D0A59FCF0F968FC165CE4" box="[819,903,1735,1761]" name="Nigeria" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Nigeria</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="FB86501CBA3D0A59FC56F968FBB15CE4" box="[917,1056,1735,1763]" degrees="7" direction="north" minutes="47" orientation="latitude" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" precision="15" seconds="48" value="7.7966666">7° 47′ 48″ N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="FB86501CBA3D0A59FBE9F968FB225CE4" box="[1066,1203,1735,1763]" degrees="6" direction="east" minutes="44" orientation="longitude" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" precision="15" seconds="25" value="6.7402782">6° 44′ 25″ E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
). This site is far from the
|
||
<typeStatus id="41098879BA3D0A59FF02F944FF605D00" box="[193,241,1771,1797]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA3D0A59FEB7F944FE425D00" authorityName="van Someren" authorityYear="1950" box="[372,467,1771,1797]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Aedes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bwamba">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA3D0A59FEB7F944FE425D00" box="[372,467,1771,1797]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">bwamba</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E6A5764BBA3D0A59FE3BF944FDDE5D00" box="[504,591,1771,1797]" name="Uganda" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Uganda</collectingCountry>
|
||
and gives possible insight into the broad distribution of at least subspecies
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA3D0A59FF54F8A0FF675D2C" authorityName="van Someren" authorityYear="1950" box="[151,246,1807,1833]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Aedes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bwamba">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA3D0A59FF54F8A0FF675D2C" box="[151,246,1807,1833]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">bwamba</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA3D0A59FEC7F8A0FE3B5D2C" author="Service, M. W." box="[260,426,1807,1833]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="229 - 230" refId="ref177984" refString="Service, M. W. (1960) Taxonomic notes on some larvae of the genus Aedes (Diptera: Culicidae) from Lokoja in northern Nigeria. Entomologist's Monthly Magazine, 96, 229 - 230." type="journal article" year="1960">Service (1960)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
also “fully endorsed” Haddow’s statement that “the larvae in life are pale and transparent with large dark contrasting eyes.”
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9E0D36DBBA3D0A58FF04F8F8FE405AD0" blockId="14.[151,1437,151,2013]" lastBlockId="15.[151,1436,150,213]" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="16" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
We do not note consensus regarding the identity and distributions of the nominotypical form or subspecies
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA3D0A59FF54F8D4FF675D90" authorityName="van Someren" authorityYear="1950" box="[151,246,1915,1941]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Aedes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bwamba">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA3D0A59FF54F8D4FF675D90" box="[151,246,1915,1941]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">bwamba</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The only clear and significant distinction is that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA3D0A59FCF6F8D4FC3F5D90" box="[821,942,1915,1941]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Aedes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tricholabis">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA3D0A59FCF6F8D4FC3F5D90" box="[821,942,1915,1941]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">tricholabis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
adults have all scutellar scales narrow and yellowish whereas adults of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA3D0A59FE12F830FDA15DBC" authorityName="van Someren" authorityYear="1950" box="[465,560,1951,1977]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Aedes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bwamba">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA3D0A59FE12F830FDA15DBC" box="[465,560,1951,1977]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">bwamba</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have all scutellar scales broad and creamy white. We consider this a significant difference that stands out in a confused understanding of these taxa, which we think justifies elevation of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA3D0A59FAE1F86CFA105DD8" authorityName="van Someren" authorityYear="1950" box="[1314,1409,1987,2013]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Aedes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bwamba">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA3D0A59FAE1F86CFA105DD8" box="[1314,1409,1987,2013]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">bwamba</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to species status:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA3C0A58FEFCFF39FC1C5AB5" authority="van Someren, 1950" authorityName="van Someren" authorityYear="1950" box="[319,909,150,177]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Aedes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bwamba" subGenus="Aedimorphus">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA3C0A58FEFCFF39FC1C5AB5" bold="true" box="[319,909,150,177]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA3C0A58FEFCFF39FE125AB4" bold="true" box="[319,387,150,177]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Aedes</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA3C0A58FE56FF39FDA05AB4" bold="true" box="[405,561,150,177]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Aedimorphus</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA3C0A58FD82FF39FD305AB4" bold="true" box="[577,673,150,177]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">bwamba</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FA234B2ABA3C0A58FD6AFF38FC1C5AB5" author="van Someren, E. C. C." box="[681,909,150,177]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="67 - 69" refId="ref183524" refString="van Someren, E. C. C. (1950) Ethiopian Culicidae: A description of a new sub-species of Aedes (Aedimorphus) tricholabis Edwards. Proceedings of the Royal Entomological Society of London, Series B: Taxonomy, 19 (5 - 6), 67 - 69. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 3113.1950. tb 00933. x" type="journal article" year="1950">van Someren, 1950</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="59B24D58BA3C0A58FC58FF38FBD45AB4" authorityName="van Someren" authorityYear="1950" box="[923,1093,151,177]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Aedes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bwamba">
|
||
<emphasis id="ACC6EAC9BA3C0A58FC58FF38FBD45AB4" box="[923,1093,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Aedes bwamba</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is currently listed as a species in the Encyclopedia of Life.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |