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<document id="0F44F32DDC692EA28419B48098B1F081" ID-CLB-Dataset="7488" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4949.2.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="a0d8967c-4cec-46d9-a47a-cadebc137be3" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4636125" ID-ZooBank="319ED5BF-45CD-4DD0-9A58-DE1B5F42E93E" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1616664406057" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Giangrande, Adriana, Putignano, Matteo, Licciano, Margherita &amp; Gambi, Maria Cristina" docDate="2021" docId="039787C8873B2375FF2B417EFC75FC18" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4949.2.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4949 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Amphiglena gravinae Giangrande &amp; Putignano &amp; Licciano &amp; Gambi 2021, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="A8FCD5A9-02FF-46B1-8941-53E1E9368164" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="222" masterDocId="FFAEFFB087292360FFBC464DFFE0FFBD" masterDocTitle="The Pandora’s box: Morphological diversity within the genus Amphiglena Claparède, 1864 (Sabellidae, Annelida) in the Mediterranean Sea, with description of nine new species" masterLastPageNumber="239" masterPageNumber="201" pageNumber="219" updateTime="1698934951631" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="AA641FCDAF040341917BA85640732365">The Pandora’s box: Morphological diversity within the genus Amphiglena Claparède, 1864 (Sabellidae, Annelida) in the Mediterranean Sea, with description of nine new species</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="97F3785E4EFBD2A3789D235E360AF7D7" type="personal">
<mods:role id="19E40243D51907D52B048C2AFC134F2D">
<mods:roleTerm id="19AAEF5EF3906B279AB2A638613F88DF">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="2398FDA01BCBACCEBE1089D54EDB47D6">Giangrande, Adriana</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="EABAFFD6DF97691F5EDCA085F2D36216" type="ORCID">0000-0003-4531-2377</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="4A48850FF7BC2BF331B07BCAB2F70868">Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (DiSTeBA), University of Salento, Via Provinciale Lecce- Monteroni, 73100 Lecce (Italy) &amp; Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn of Napoli, Dept Integrative Marine Ecology, Ischia Marine Center, 80070 Ischia (Napoli, Italy) &amp; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 4531 - 2377</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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<mods:role id="55E8136CB0CFEEFCFE3572BE13625410">
<mods:roleTerm id="2F687BA5E78470AD26BA5212131CBA7F">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="C0810203208C8D145E54B50616040123">Putignano, Matteo</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="CCACFD31EE98ECE633061D07AFBE3FD1">Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (DiSTeBA), University of Salento, Via Provinciale Lecce- Monteroni, 73100 Lecce (Italy)</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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<mods:role id="410B7BBB4F3367A2B1F81F9B284E2CCF">
<mods:roleTerm id="C28A65A428B3CD37696ED864FDB6FDF8">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="DAE8FED7F0CA36D12D368E2F41C7CCC2">Licciano, Margherita</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="7076B5A951BD92124914C6EE65BAE80F" type="ORCID">0000-0001-8762-3179</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="457CAFAB19DC989F1A5F4E167C6648FC">Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (DiSTeBA), University of Salento, Via Provinciale Lecce- Monteroni, 73100 Lecce (Italy) &amp; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 8762 - 3179</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="8C1230F04751BC77A291FDA8B2B689C8" type="personal">
<mods:role id="5F549B7FDBFAF78844509AD20B0AD189">
<mods:roleTerm id="C107BA57185E98A4F0932B86923A1DD3">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="D1EA716BC618982A54E4B4B4A22C87DB">Gambi, Maria Cristina</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="BA49DA622B5536DE0ED8E2F58B509EAF">Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn of Napoli, Dept Integrative Marine Ecology, Ischia Marine Center, 80070 Ischia (Napoli, Italy)</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="1F8D4C2A1A3CA9E58421B9E32B5FB482">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="64A7D7F50A555333044554EECDEEAFF1">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="07B36D3E894792DF6ECADACCE11F2DD9">
<mods:date id="491BE46B6BC1FEA03C2EAD612685C740">2021</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="62B8D222246B62CEC2354FD9589394F1">2021-03-25</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="C2692FC59CED62EF5A5D17B9EB73EAAB">4949</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="5642ABC188E77BF8A138959703C8D4F9">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="299A4761D4B141B9B24B768FDD9D26B5" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4949.2.1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="039787C8873B2375FF2B417EFC75FC18" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4664739" ID-GBIF-Taxon="180876814" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4664739" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:A8FCD5A9-02FF-46B1-8941-53E1E9368164" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/039787C8873B2375FF2B417EFC75FC18" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="222" pageId="18" pageNumber="219">
<subSubSection id="C3246555873B2372FF2B417EFDE2F8F3" box="[151,514,1843,1870]" pageId="18" pageNumber="219" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B8136DE873B2372FF2B417EFDE2F8F3" blockId="18.[151,514,1843,1906]" box="[151,514,1843,1870]" pageId="18" pageNumber="219">
<heading id="D0C981B2873B2372FF2B417EFDE2F8F3" bold="true" box="[151,514,1843,1870]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="18" pageNumber="219" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B94AEACC873B2372FF2B417EFDE2F8F3" bold="true" box="[151,514,1843,1870]" pageId="18" pageNumber="219">
<taxonomicName id="4C3E4D5D873B2372FF2B417EFE7DF8F0" authority="Giangrande &amp; Putignano &amp; Licciano &amp; Gambi, 2021" authorityName="Giangrande &amp; Putignano &amp; Licciano &amp; Gambi" authorityYear="2021" box="[151,413,1843,1870]" class="Polychaeta" family="Sabellidae" genus="Amphiglena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="18" pageNumber="219" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="gravinae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B94AEACC873B2372FF2B417EFE7DF8F0" bold="true" box="[151,413,1843,1870]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="219">Amphiglena gravinae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27957B7873B2372FE184179FDE2F8F3" box="[420,514,1844,1870]" pageId="18" pageNumber="219" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3246555873B2372FF2B411AFEC7F8CF" box="[151,295,1879,1906]" pageId="18" pageNumber="219" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B8136DE873B2372FF2B411AFEC7F8CF" blockId="18.[151,514,1843,1906]" box="[151,295,1879,1906]" pageId="18" pageNumber="219">
(
<figureCitation id="13052A5B873B2372FF23411AFF16F8CF" box="[159,246,1879,1906]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1585,1609]" captionTargetBox="[165,1419,281,1556]" captionTargetId="figure-61@19.[157,1430,273,1562]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 14. Amphiglena gravinae sp. nov. A. entire worm, photo from the holotype; B. staining pattern; C. tip of the radiole; photo from anterior end, ventral view, material coloured with Shirlastain A; E. scheme of the anterior end ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4636172" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4636172/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="219">Figs 14</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13052A5B873B2372FEBE411AFEFFF8CF" box="[258,287,1879,1906]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1924,1948]" captionTargetBox="[162,1423,539,1894]" captionTargetId="figure-212@20.[151,1436,525,1901]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 15. Amphiglena gravinae sp. nov. A. thoracic uncinus; B. companion chaeta; C. abdominal uncinus; D. superior thoracic chaeta; E. inferior thoracic chaeta; F. abdominal chaeta from a middle abdominal segment; G. abdominal chaeta from anterior abdominal segment." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4636176" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4636176/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="219">15</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3246555873B2373FF2B41D2FE78FF44" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="220" pageId="18" pageNumber="219" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B8136DE873B2372FF2B41D2FDB3F860" blockId="18.[151,1437,1951,2014]" pageId="18" pageNumber="219">
<emphasis id="B94AEACC873B2372FF2B41D2FE60F804" bold="true" box="[151,384,1951,1977]" pageId="18" pageNumber="219">Material examined.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B563C83873B2372FE3A41D2FDB3F860" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3068456327" collectionCode="MNCN" country="Italy" latitude="40.648167" location="Adriatic Sea" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="18.01167" municipality="Brindisi" pageId="18" pageNumber="219" specimenCode="MNCN 16.01" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="5485887C873B2372FE3A41D2FE13F804" box="[390,499,1951,1977]" pageId="18" pageNumber="219" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
: (
<specimenCode id="DB989EA5873B2372FDBF41EDFD7FF807" box="[515,671,1951,1978]" collectionCode="MNCN" country="Spain" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35275" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35275" name="Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales" pageId="18" pageNumber="219" type="Museum">MNCN 16.01</specimenCode>
/18909):
<collectingCountry id="F329764E873B2372FCBF41D2FCDBF804" box="[771,827,1951,1977]" name="Italy" pageId="18" pageNumber="219">Italy</collectingCountry>
:
<location id="8EE16005873B2372FCFF41D2FC30F807" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039787C8873B2375FF2B417EFC75FC18:8EE16005873B2372FCFF41D2FC30F807" box="[835,976,1951,1978]" country="Italy" latitude="40.648167" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="18.01167" municipality="Brindisi" name="Adriatic Sea" pageId="18" pageNumber="219">Adriatic Sea</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6BE5ACA4873B2372FC6641D2FBD7F804" box="[986,1079,1951,1977]" pageId="18" pageNumber="219">Brindisi</collectingMunicipality>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE0A5019873B2372FBFE41D2FB0EF807" box="[1090,1262,1951,1978]" degrees="40" direction="north" minutes="38" orientation="latitude" pageId="18" pageNumber="219" precision="1" seconds="53.39" value="40.648167">40°38’53.39”N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE0A5019873B2372FB4841EDFA78F807" box="[1268,1432,1952,1978]" degrees="18" direction="east" minutes="0" orientation="longitude" pageId="18" pageNumber="219" precision="1" seconds="42.01" value="18.01167">18° 0’42.01”E</geoCoordinate>
, in 1985, 5 m depth, on corallinae algae.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8136DE873A2373FF7B46DAFE78FF44" blockId="19.[151,1436,150,249]" pageId="19" pageNumber="220">
<materialsCitation id="3B563C83873A2373FF7B46DAFE3EFF0C" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3068456302" box="[199,478,151,177]" collectionCode="MNCN" pageId="19" pageNumber="220" specimenCode="MNCN 16.01" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<typeStatus id="5485887C873A2373FF7B46DAFED8FF0C" box="[199,312,151,177]" pageId="19" pageNumber="220" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
:
<specimenCode id="DB989EA5873A2373FEFF46DAFE3EFF0C" box="[323,478,151,177]" collectionCode="MNCN" country="Spain" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35275" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35275" name="Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales" pageId="19" pageNumber="220" type="Museum">MNCN 16.01</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
/18910:
<materialsCitation id="3B563C83873A2373FD8746DBFB04FF0C" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3068456312" box="[571,1252,150,177]" collectionCode="MNCN" pageId="19" pageNumber="220" specimenCount="5" typeStatus="holotype">
<specimenCount id="9D38FD57873A2373FD8746DBFD25FF0C" box="[571,709,150,177]" pageId="19" pageNumber="220" type="generic">5 specimens</specimenCount>
from the same locality and date as the
<typeStatus id="5485887C873A2373FBC246DAFB04FF0C" box="[1150,1252,151,177]" pageId="19" pageNumber="220" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B563C83873A2373FB5346DAFD54FF68" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3068456330" collectionCode="MNCN" pageId="19" pageNumber="220" specimenCount="296" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="9D38FD57873A2373FB5346DAFA79FF0C" box="[1263,1433,151,177]" pageId="19" pageNumber="220" type="generic">296 specimens</specimenCount>
, all collected in the same locality and date as the
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B563C83873A2373FD0046F6FE9CFF44" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3068456311" collectionCode="PCZL" pageId="19" pageNumber="220" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="5485887C873A2373FD0046F6FCC2FF68" box="[700,802,187,213]" pageId="19" pageNumber="220" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
.
<collectionCode id="ED2FAE1B873A2373FC9146F6FC90FF68" box="[813,880,187,213]" pageId="19" pageNumber="220">PCZL</collectionCode>
S.A. 7.1. Material fixed in formalin 4% and preserved in ethanol 70
</materialsCitation>
%.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF416656873A2373FF2B407CFAAFF9D3" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4636172" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4636172" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4636172/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="220" startId="19.[151,250,1585,1609]" targetBox="[165,1419,281,1556]" targetPageId="19">
<paragraph id="8B8136DE873A2373FF2B407CFAAFF9D3" blockId="19.[151,1436,1585,1646]" pageId="19" pageNumber="220">
<emphasis id="B94AEACC873A2373FF2B407CFEC0F9F7" bold="true" box="[151,288,1585,1610]" pageId="19" pageNumber="220">FIGURE 14.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C3E4D5D873A2373FE99407FFDE0F9F4" authority="Giangrande &amp; Putignano &amp; Licciano &amp; Gambi, 2021" authorityName="Giangrande &amp; Putignano &amp; Licciano &amp; Gambi" authorityYear="2021" box="[293,512,1586,1610]" class="Polychaeta" family="Sabellidae" genus="Amphiglena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="19" pageNumber="220" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="gravinae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B94AEACC873A2373FE99407FFDE0F9F4" box="[293,512,1586,1610]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="220">Amphiglena gravinae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B94AEACC873A2373FDBA407FFD8EF9F4" bold="true" box="[518,622,1585,1610]" pageId="19" pageNumber="220">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27957B7873A2373FDBA407FFDB7F9F7" box="[518,599,1586,1610]" pageId="19" pageNumber="220" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
A
</emphasis>
. entire worm, photo from the holotype;
<emphasis id="B94AEACC873A2373FBB9407FFBFDF9F7" bold="true" box="[1029,1053,1586,1610]" pageId="19" pageNumber="220">B.</emphasis>
staining pattern;
<emphasis id="B94AEACC873A2373FB71407CFB05F9F4" bold="true" box="[1229,1253,1585,1609]" pageId="19" pageNumber="220">C.</emphasis>
tip of the radiole; photo from anterior end, ventral view, material coloured with Shirlastain A;
<emphasis id="B94AEACC873A2373FC27401BFC52F9D3" bold="true" box="[923,946,1622,1646]" pageId="19" pageNumber="220">E.</emphasis>
scheme of the anterior end ventral view.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C3246555873A2375FF7B40DBFBCDFEA0" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="222" pageId="19" pageNumber="220" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B8136DE873A2374FF7B40DBFB01FE48" blockId="19.[151,1437,1686,2037]" lastBlockId="20.[151,1437,151,501]" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="221" pageId="19" pageNumber="220">
<emphasis id="B94AEACC873A2373FF7B40DBFEB9F90D" bold="true" box="[199,345,1686,1712]" pageId="19" pageNumber="220">Description.</emphasis>
<typeStatus id="5485887C873A2373FEDC40DAFE28F90C" box="[352,456,1687,1713]" pageId="19" pageNumber="220" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
complete with 8 thoracic and 22 abdominal chaetigers. Total body length
<quantity id="4CC69B3B873A2373FAB440DAFAABF90C" box="[1288,1355,1687,1713]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="19" pageNumber="220" unit="mm" value="4.0">4 mm</quantity>
, crown
<quantity id="4CC69B3B873A2373FF2B40F7FF10F968" box="[151,240,1722,1749]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="19" pageNumber="220" unit="mm" value="0.6">0.6 mm</quantity>
; maximum body width
<quantity id="4CC69B3B873A2373FE4640F6FDB0F968" box="[506,592,1723,1749]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="19" pageNumber="220" unit="mm" value="0.3">0.3 mm</quantity>
(
<figureCitation id="13052A5B873A2373FDE340F6FD28F968" box="[607,712,1723,1749]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1585,1609]" captionTargetBox="[165,1419,281,1556]" captionTargetId="figure-61@19.[157,1430,273,1562]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 14. Amphiglena gravinae sp. nov. A. entire worm, photo from the holotype; B. staining pattern; C. tip of the radiole; photo from anterior end, ventral view, material coloured with Shirlastain A; E. scheme of the anterior end ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4636172" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4636172/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="220">Fig. 14A</figureCitation>
). Crown holding five pairs of radioles with 11 pairs of short pinnules arranged in two alternating rows of similar length (between 1/5 and 1/4 of the total radiolar length. The gap between pairs remains quite constant along the radiole. First basal pair and last distal pair with pinnules shorter than that in the medial radioles. Elongated radiolar tip, reaching more than 1/3 of the total radiolar length and of uniform width, and with a blunt tip (
<figureCitation id="13052A5B873A2373FE6D4106FDD9F8D8" box="[465,569,1867,1893]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1585,1609]" captionTargetBox="[165,1419,281,1556]" captionTargetId="figure-61@19.[157,1430,273,1562]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 14. Amphiglena gravinae sp. nov. A. entire worm, photo from the holotype; B. staining pattern; C. tip of the radiole; photo from anterior end, ventral view, material coloured with Shirlastain A; E. scheme of the anterior end ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4636172" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4636172/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="220">Fig. 14C</figureCitation>
). Radiolar skeleton with two rows of cells. Dorsal lips with long and pointed dorsal radiolar appendages (1/3 of crown length). Anterior peristomial ring with similar height all around, visible also on ventral side. Posterior peristomial ring elongate and connected to high ventral basal flanges, which extends as prominent ridge from base of ventralmost radioles (
<figureCitation id="13052A5B873A2373FD4E41FAFC98F86C" box="[754,888,1974,2001]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1924,1948]" captionTargetBox="[162,1423,539,1894]" captionTargetId="figure-212@20.[151,1436,525,1901]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 15. Amphiglena gravinae sp. nov. A. thoracic uncinus; B. companion chaeta; C. abdominal uncinus; D. superior thoracic chaeta; E. inferior thoracic chaeta; F. abdominal chaeta from a middle abdominal segment; G. abdominal chaeta from anterior abdominal segment." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4636176" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4636176/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="220">Fig. 15D, E</figureCitation>
). Peristomial eyes not visible, pygidial eyes present, as very small spots on lateral margins of pygidium. Thorax longer than wide. The first thoracic chaetiger bearing only 3 chaetae similar in shape to the thoracic superior chaetae. From the second to the eighth thoracic chaetiger, 6 uncini on each torus with well-developed breast, and approximately four rows of similar teeth above main fang, large space to main fang, handle elongated, substantially longer than 1/3 of the total uncinus length and considered long handles (0.52) (
<figureCitation id="13052A5B873D2374FE3C474EFE08FEA0" box="[384,488,258,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1924,1948]" captionTargetBox="[162,1423,539,1894]" captionTargetId="figure-212@20.[151,1436,525,1901]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 15. Amphiglena gravinae sp. nov. A. thoracic uncinus; B. companion chaeta; C. abdominal uncinus; D. superior thoracic chaeta; E. inferior thoracic chaeta; F. abdominal chaeta from a middle abdominal segment; G. abdominal chaeta from anterior abdominal segment." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4636176" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4636176/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="221">Fig. 15A</figureCitation>
). Companion chaetae present, with straight shaft and long mucro (
<figureCitation id="13052A5B873D2374FB73474EFAD6FEA0" box="[1231,1334,258,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1924,1948]" captionTargetBox="[162,1423,539,1894]" captionTargetId="figure-212@20.[151,1436,525,1901]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 15. Amphiglena gravinae sp. nov. A. thoracic uncinus; B. companion chaeta; C. abdominal uncinus; D. superior thoracic chaeta; E. inferior thoracic chaeta; F. abdominal chaeta from a middle abdominal segment; G. abdominal chaeta from anterior abdominal segment." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4636176" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4636176/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="221">Fig. 15B</figureCitation>
). Second to eighth thoracic chaetigers with 4 chaetae, one superior broadly hooded chaeta (
<figureCitation id="13052A5B873D2374FB8C476AFB78FEFC" box="[1072,1176,294,321]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1924,1948]" captionTargetBox="[162,1423,539,1894]" captionTargetId="figure-212@20.[151,1436,525,1901]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 15. Amphiglena gravinae sp. nov. A. thoracic uncinus; B. companion chaeta; C. abdominal uncinus; D. superior thoracic chaeta; E. inferior thoracic chaeta; F. abdominal chaeta from a middle abdominal segment; G. abdominal chaeta from anterior abdominal segment." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4636176" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4636176/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="221">Fig. 15D</figureCitation>
), and three inferior paleate chaetae with a short mucro, long slightly less than the hood (
<figureCitation id="13052A5B873D2374FC3F4706FC09FED8" box="[899,1001,330,357]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1924,1948]" captionTargetBox="[162,1423,539,1894]" captionTargetId="figure-212@20.[151,1436,525,1901]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 15. Amphiglena gravinae sp. nov. A. thoracic uncinus; B. companion chaeta; C. abdominal uncinus; D. superior thoracic chaeta; E. inferior thoracic chaeta; F. abdominal chaeta from a middle abdominal segment; G. abdominal chaeta from anterior abdominal segment." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4636176" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4636176/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="221">Fig. 15E</figureCitation>
). Four abdominal uncini on each torus with similar-sized small teeth above the main fang and medium handle (
<figureCitation id="13052A5B873D2374FC074722FBC1FE34" box="[955,1057,366,393]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1924,1948]" captionTargetBox="[162,1423,539,1894]" captionTargetId="figure-212@20.[151,1436,525,1901]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 15. Amphiglena gravinae sp. nov. A. thoracic uncinus; B. companion chaeta; C. abdominal uncinus; D. superior thoracic chaeta; E. inferior thoracic chaeta; F. abdominal chaeta from a middle abdominal segment; G. abdominal chaeta from anterior abdominal segment." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4636176" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4636176/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="221">Fig. 15C</figureCitation>
). Four abdominal broadly hooded neurochaetae, but with a very large hood similar to the thoracic paleate chaetae, even if longer. The shape of the chaetae is similar along the abdominal segments even if in the last segments they become longer and with a more geniculate appearance (
<figureCitation id="13052A5B873D2374FE224796FDC4FE48" box="[414,548,474,501]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1924,1948]" captionTargetBox="[162,1423,539,1894]" captionTargetId="figure-212@20.[151,1436,525,1901]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 15. Amphiglena gravinae sp. nov. A. thoracic uncinus; B. companion chaeta; C. abdominal uncinus; D. superior thoracic chaeta; E. inferior thoracic chaeta; F. abdominal chaeta from a middle abdominal segment; G. abdominal chaeta from anterior abdominal segment." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4636176" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4636176/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="221">Fig. 15G, F</figureCitation>
). Pair of light spermathechae present at the base of dorsal lips.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF416656873D2374FF2B41C9FE59F858" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4636176" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4636176" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4636176/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="221" startId="20.[151,250,1924,1948]" targetBox="[162,1423,539,1894]" targetPageId="20">
<paragraph id="8B8136DE873D2374FF2B41C9FE59F858" blockId="20.[151,1436,1924,2021]" pageId="20" pageNumber="221">
<emphasis id="B94AEACC873D2374FF2B41C9FEC2F821" bold="true" box="[151,290,1924,1948]" pageId="20" pageNumber="221">FIGURE 15.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C3E4D5D873D2374FE9741C9FDE9F821" authority="Giangrande &amp; Putignano &amp; Licciano &amp; Gambi, 2021" authorityName="Giangrande &amp; Putignano &amp; Licciano &amp; Gambi" authorityYear="2021" box="[299,521,1924,1948]" class="Polychaeta" family="Sabellidae" genus="Amphiglena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="20" pageNumber="221" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="gravinae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B94AEACC873D2374FE9741C9FDE9F821" box="[299,521,1924,1948]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="221">Amphiglena gravinae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B94AEACC873D2374FDAE41C9FD66F821" bold="true" box="[530,646,1924,1948]" pageId="20" pageNumber="221">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27957B7873D2374FDAE41C9FD85F821" box="[530,613,1924,1948]" pageId="20" pageNumber="221" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
A.
</emphasis>
thoracic uncinus;
<emphasis id="B94AEACC873D2374FCF441C9FCBFF821" bold="true" box="[840,863,1924,1948]" pageId="20" pageNumber="221">B.</emphasis>
companion chaeta;
<emphasis id="B94AEACC873D2374FB8F41C9FBABF821" bold="true" box="[1075,1099,1924,1948]" pageId="20" pageNumber="221">C.</emphasis>
abdominal uncinus;
<emphasis id="B94AEACC873D2374FA9441C9FAA0F821" bold="true" box="[1320,1344,1924,1948]" pageId="20" pageNumber="221">D.</emphasis>
superior thoracic chaeta;
<emphasis id="B94AEACC873D2374FE8241E5FEB5F87D" bold="true" box="[318,341,1960,1984]" pageId="20" pageNumber="221">E.</emphasis>
inferior thoracic chaeta;
<emphasis id="B94AEACC873D2374FDE941E5FD88F87D" bold="true" box="[597,616,1960,1984]" pageId="20" pageNumber="221">F.</emphasis>
abdominal chaeta from a middle abdominal segment;
<emphasis id="B94AEACC873D2374FB2E41E5FB4BF87D" bold="true" box="[1170,1195,1960,1984]" pageId="20" pageNumber="221">G.</emphasis>
abdominal chaeta from anterior abdominal segment.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8B8136DE873C2375FF7B46DBFD3BFF68" blockId="21.[151,1437,150,933]" pageId="21" pageNumber="222">
<emphasis id="B94AEACC873C2375FF7B46DBFE71FF0C" bold="true" box="[199,401,150,177]" pageId="21" pageNumber="222">Staining pattern.</emphasis>
In both thorax and abdomen stain only the ventral shields, with a pale colouration, abdomen with a double rectangle in each segment (
<figureCitation id="13052A5B873C2375FDD446F6FD2EFF68" box="[616,718,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1585,1609]" captionTargetBox="[165,1419,281,1556]" captionTargetId="figure-61@19.[157,1430,273,1562]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 14. Amphiglena gravinae sp. nov. A. entire worm, photo from the holotype; B. staining pattern; C. tip of the radiole; photo from anterior end, ventral view, material coloured with Shirlastain A; E. scheme of the anterior end ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4636172" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4636172/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="222">Fig. 14B</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8136DE873C2375FF7B4693FBCDFEA0" blockId="21.[151,1437,150,933]" pageId="21" pageNumber="222">
<emphasis id="B94AEACC873C2375FF7B4693FEDFFF45" bold="true" box="[199,319,222,248]" pageId="21" pageNumber="222">Variation.</emphasis>
Individuals always with 8 thoracic chaetigers and up to 30 abdominal chaetigers. Up to 7 thoracic uncini. Mean body length of
<quantity id="4CC69B3B873C2375FE60474EFDD2FEA0" box="[476,562,259,285]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" pageId="21" pageNumber="222" unit="mm" value="2.6">2.6 mm</quantity>
and mean crown length of
<quantity id="4CC69B3B873C2375FCD8474EFC5AFEA0" box="[868,954,259,285]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="21" pageNumber="222" unit="mm" value="0.9">0.9 mm</quantity>
(
<tableCitation id="C6BC0365873C2375FC74474EFBFCFEA0" box="[968,1052,259,285]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="29.[151,239,689,715]" captionText="TABLE 1. Comparative view of the main characters of the described Amphiglena species." pageId="21" pageNumber="222">Table 1</tableCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3246555873C2375FF7B476AFC54FD4C" pageId="21" pageNumber="222" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B8136DE873C2375FF7B476AFD37FDA4" blockId="21.[151,1437,150,933]" pageId="21" pageNumber="222">
<emphasis id="B94AEACC873C2375FF7B476AFEDBFEFC" bold="true" box="[199,315,295,321]" pageId="21" pageNumber="222">Remarks.</emphasis>
This new taxon has a more elongate appearance than other species in the genus, including the peristomial rings, and the base of the crown appearing sometimes bearing a high basal web, and making difficult to see the separation between the peristomial ring and the base of the crown. In this feature it is very similar to
<taxonomicName id="4C3E4D5D873C2375FA874722FF05FE11" authority="Giangrande &amp; Putignano &amp; Licciano &amp; Gambi, 2021" authorityName="Giangrande &amp; Putignano &amp; Licciano &amp; Gambi" authorityYear="2021" class="Polychaeta" family="Sabellidae" genus="Amphiglena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="21" pageNumber="222" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="panareensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B94AEACC873C2375FA874722FF05FE11" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="222">A. panareensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27957B7873C2375FF5047DEFEA5FE10" box="[236,325,403,429]" pageId="21" pageNumber="222" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B94AEACC873C2375FF5047DEFEDFFE10" bold="true" box="[236,319,403,429]" pageId="21" pageNumber="222">sp. nov</emphasis>
.
</taxonomicNameLabel>
, which is the other elongate Mediterranean species, described in the present paper. The two species, however show a different development of both first and second peristomial rings. Among the non Mediterranean species, high developed ventral flanges are present also in
<taxonomicName id="4C3E4D5D873C2375FC984796FB91FE48" authority="Capa &amp; Rouse, 2007" authorityName="Capa &amp; Rouse" authorityYear="2007" box="[804,1137,475,501]" class="Polychaeta" family="Sabellidae" genus="Amphiglena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="21" pageNumber="222" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="lenae">
<emphasis id="B94AEACC873C2375FC984796FC60FE48" box="[804,896,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="222">A. lenae</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFAF4B2F873C2375FC3A4796FB91FE48" author="Capa, M. &amp; Rouse, G. W." box="[902,1137,475,501]" pageId="21" pageNumber="222" pagination="327 - 356" refId="ref18604" refString="Capa, M. &amp; Rouse, G. W. (2007) Phylogenetic relationships within Amphiglena Claparede, 1864 (Polychaeta: Sabellidae), description of five new species from Australia, a new species from Japan, and comments on previously described species. Journal of Natural History, 41, 327 - 356. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222930701194938" type="journal article" year="2007">Capa &amp; Rouse, 2007</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, but this is a thin and more compact species, with smaller radiolar appendages.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8136DE873C2375FF7B446EFAE7FD14" blockId="21.[151,1437,150,933]" pageId="21" pageNumber="222">
The staining patter is similar to
<taxonomicName id="4C3E4D5D873C2375FD98446EFD57FD81" authority="Giangrande &amp; Putignano &amp; Licciano &amp; Gambi, 2021" authorityName="Giangrande &amp; Putignano &amp; Licciano &amp; Gambi" authorityYear="2021" box="[548,695,547,573]" class="Polychaeta" family="Sabellidae" genus="Amphiglena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="21" pageNumber="222" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="messapica" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B94AEACC873C2375FD98446EFD57FD81" box="[548,695,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="222">A. messapica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B94AEACC873C2375FD01446EFCF5FD80" bold="true" box="[701,789,547,573]" pageId="21" pageNumber="222">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27957B7873C2375FD01446EFCF5FD80" box="[701,789,547,573]" pageId="21" pageNumber="222" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, even if it appears narrower and more elongated following the elongated shape of the segments. It is distinguished from this species by the shape of the peristomial rings and for the abdominal chaetae, maintaining a paleate appearance long all the abdomen. This feature is present also in
<taxonomicName id="4C3E4D5D873C2375FA384426FEE5FD14" authority="Giangrande &amp; Putignano &amp; Licciano &amp; Gambi, 2021" authorityName="Giangrande &amp; Putignano &amp; Licciano &amp; Gambi" authorityYear="2021" class="Polychaeta" family="Sabellidae" genus="Amphiglena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="21" pageNumber="222" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="nisidensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B94AEACC873C2375FA384426FEE5FD14" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="222">A. nisidensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B94AEACC873C2375FEB144C2FE86FD14" bold="true" box="[269,358,655,681]" pageId="21" pageNumber="222">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27957B7873C2375FEB144C2FE86FD14" box="[269,358,655,681]" pageId="21" pageNumber="222" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, and in
<taxonomicName id="4C3E4D5D873C2375FE7C44C2FD90FD14" authority="Giangrande &amp; Putignano &amp; Licciano &amp; Gambi, 2021" authorityName="Giangrande &amp; Putignano &amp; Licciano &amp; Gambi" authorityYear="2021" box="[448,624,655,681]" class="Polychaeta" family="Sabellidae" genus="Amphiglena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="21" pageNumber="222" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="vulcanoensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B94AEACC873C2375FE7C44C2FD90FD14" box="[448,624,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="222">A. vulcanoensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27957B7873C2375FDCB44C2FD32FD14" box="[631,722,655,681]" pageId="21" pageNumber="222" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B94AEACC873C2375FDCB44C2FD2CFD14" bold="true" box="[631,716,655,681]" pageId="21" pageNumber="222">sp. nov</emphasis>
.
</taxonomicNameLabel>
where, however, chaetae are less broadly-hooded.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8136DE873C2375FF7B44FEFC54FD4C" blockId="21.[151,1437,150,933]" pageId="21" pageNumber="222">
Lastly,
<taxonomicName id="4C3E4D5D873C2375FEA644FEFE7FFD71" authorityName="Giangrande &amp; Putignano &amp; Licciano &amp; Gambi" authorityYear="2021" box="[282,415,691,717]" class="Polychaeta" family="Sabellidae" genus="Amphiglena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="21" pageNumber="222" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="gravinae">
<emphasis id="B94AEACC873C2375FEA644FEFE7FFD71" box="[282,415,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="222">A. gravinae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has the thoracic uncini with the longest handle compared to all the Mediterranean species here described, although very similar in shape to
<taxonomicName id="4C3E4D5D873C2375FD02449AFCB3FD4D" authority="Giangrande &amp; Putignano &amp; Licciano &amp; Gambi, 2021" authorityName="Giangrande &amp; Putignano &amp; Licciano &amp; Gambi" authorityYear="2021" box="[702,851,727,753]" class="Polychaeta" family="Sabellidae" genus="Amphiglena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="21" pageNumber="222" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="messapica" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B94AEACC873C2375FD02449AFCB3FD4D" box="[702,851,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="222">A. messapica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27957B7873C2375FCE5449AFC54FD4C" box="[857,948,727,753]" pageId="21" pageNumber="222" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B94AEACC873C2375FCE5449AFC4EFD4C" bold="true" box="[857,942,727,753]" pageId="21" pageNumber="222">sp. nov</emphasis>
.
</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3246555873C2375FF7B44B6FD87FCE0" pageId="21" pageNumber="222" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8B8136DE873C2375FF7B44B6FD87FCE0" blockId="21.[151,1437,150,933]" pageId="21" pageNumber="222">
<emphasis id="B94AEACC873C2375FF7B44B6FEAEFCA8" bold="true" box="[199,334,763,789]" pageId="21" pageNumber="222">Etymology.</emphasis>
The species is named after the Dr. Maria Flavia Gravina who collected the material, in honor of her valuable contribution to the knowledge of the taxonomy and ecology of polychaetes, as well as for our estimation, long-lasting friendship and collaboration.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3246555873C2375FF7B452BFC75FC18" pageId="21" pageNumber="222" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8B8136DE873C2375FF7B452BFC75FC18" blockId="21.[151,1437,150,933]" pageId="21" pageNumber="222">
<emphasis id="B94AEACC873C2375FF7B452BFE18FC3C" bold="true" box="[199,504,870,897]" pageId="21" pageNumber="222">Distribution and Ecology.</emphasis>
The species was collected in a polluted and stressed area, characterized by the presence of high sedimentation rate, and in the vicinity of a power plant.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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