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<document id="DA723AE1B829AE4E9949F09FFAAC677D" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.5301164" ID-ISSN="0374-1036" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5301164" ID-ZooBank="402537AD-557B-4F95-8EB1-EC67EAEE0DDB" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1630099701985" checkinUser="marcus" docAuthor="Vendl, Tomáš, VONDRÁýEK, Dominik, Kubá, VítČzslav &amp; Šípek, Petr" docDate="2014" docId="03ED87D86B6C0927FE639C7AADCEFC77" docLanguage="en" docName="ActaEntMusNatPra.2014.54.2.571-604.pdf" docOrigin="Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 54 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:E9BE312A6EDF9B84FC5211AAA80D80BF.10:ActaEntMusNatPra.2005-2016.journal_article" docStyleId="E9BE312A6EDF9B84FC5211AAA80D80BF" docStyleName="ActaEntMusNatPra.2005-2016.journal_article" docStyleVersion="10" docTitle="Taenioderini Krikken 1984" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="576" masterDocId="FFD4FFA06B6F0922FFF99D6EAE2CFFE4" masterDocTitle="Immature stages of Taenioderini (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Cetoniinae): a report of hidden morphological diversity" masterLastPageNumber="604" masterPageNumber="571" pageNumber="574" updateTime="1699149442422" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="837E388864D3AEB286AF0C96F5401F44">Immature stages of Taenioderini (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Cetoniinae): a report of hidden morphological diversity</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="9ADC5E27E79506FB63834890EE737763">Vendl, Tomáš</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="1C8055E9615AF8DB0A620C665B708A45">Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Viniþná 7, CZ- 128 44 Praha 2, Czech Republic</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="B034C40FA5AF3746149CD5F15C560B6F">VONDRÁýEK, Dominik</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="14A4130FEC0308AC7F244236857E68B8">Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Viniþná 7, CZ- 128 44 Praha 2, Czech Republic</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="F68F332617B364E6A925E88BC81C974C">Kubá, VítČzslav</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="F71E7BBB7A8ADB2DD1842633CB5B4FF2">Department of Entomology, National Museum, Cirkusová 1740, CZ- 193 00 Praha 9 - Horní Poþernice, Czech Republic</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="AAA57DB173E2604EF4EC28EFED7B8470">Šípek, Petr</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="DFC40A03975C1E4235A44E21A15A4290">Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Viniþná 7, CZ- 128 44 Praha 2, Czech Republic</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="72142F223CCD52EAE1133F9F9428A02A">Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="5014A80234EA97D199F5E54E29CA56D1">2014</mods:date>
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<mods:identifier id="D4D62C9902231EF3A7849752CD2D03CF" type="ISSN">0374-1036</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03ED87D86B6C0927FE639C7AADCEFC77" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5330530" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5330530" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03ED87D86B6C0927FE639C7AADCEFC77" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03ED87D86B6C0927FE639C7AADCEFC77" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="576" pageId="3" pageNumber="574">
<subSubSection id="C35E65456B6C0921FE639C7AAD34FECF" box="[410,792,276,299]" pageId="3" pageNumber="574" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BFB36CE6B6C0921FE639C7AAD34FECF" blockId="3.[410,792,276,299]" box="[410,792,276,299]" pageId="3" pageNumber="574">
<heading id="D0B381A26B6C0921FE639C7AAD34FECF" bold="true" box="[410,792,276,299]" centered="true" fontSize="8" level="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="574" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B930EADC6B6C0921FE639C7AAD34FECF" bold="true" box="[410,792,276,299]" pageId="3" pageNumber="574">
Tribe
<taxonomicName id="4C444D4D6B6C0921FE279C7AAD34FECF" ID-CoL="8RYV9" authority="Krikken, 1984" authorityName="Krikken" authorityYear="1984" box="[478,792,276,299]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="574" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Taenioderini">
Taenioderini
<bibRefCitation id="EFD54B3F6B6C0921FD8C9C7AAD34FECF" author="KRIKKEN J." box="[629,792,276,299]" pageId="3" pageNumber="574" pagination="1 - 77" refId="ref15979" refString="KRIKKEN J. 1984: A new key to the suprageneric taxa in the beetle family Cetoniidae, with annotated lists of the known genera. Zoologische Verhandelinge 210: 1 - 77." type="journal article" year="1984">Krikken, 1984</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C35E65456B6C0927FF889C2DADCEFC77" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="576" pageId="3" pageNumber="574" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BFB36CE6B6C0921FF889C2DACB8FE7E" blockId="3.[113,1090,323,1594]" pageId="3" pageNumber="574">
<emphasis id="B930EADC6B6C0921FF889C2DACE6FEBE" bold="true" box="[113,714,323,346]" pageId="3" pageNumber="574">
Diagnosis of
<taxonomicName id="4C444D4D6B6C0921FEFB9C2DAFBEFEBE" authorityName="Krikken" authorityYear="1984" box="[258,402,323,346]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="603" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Taenioderini">Taenioderini</taxonomicName>
based on larval characters.
</emphasis>
Larva scarabaeiform, cranium yellowish, pale brown or reddish-brown, body whitish. Abdominal segments IX and X fused dorsally, ventrally separated by incomplete groove.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFB36CE6B6C0921FF699CCDAC05FD7E" blockId="3.[113,1090,323,1594]" pageId="3" pageNumber="574">
<emphasis id="B930EADC6B6C0921FF699CCDAF0CFE5E" bold="true" box="[144,288,419,442]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="574">Head capsule</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="137F2A4B6B6C0921FED59CCDAF46FE5E" box="[300,362,419,442]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="6.[151,182,1208,1227]" captionTargetBox="[165,1084,224,1187]" captionTargetId="figure-10@6.[151,1120,216,1187]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Fig. 3. Third instar larvae of Taenioderini. A–H – cranium. A – Chalcothea neglecta. B – Coilodera diardi. C –C. penicillata. D – Euselates cineraceus. E – E. laoticus. F – Meroloba suturalis. G – Plectrone tristis. H – Taeniodera sp. Scale bars: Figs 3A–H = 1mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5301170" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5301170/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="574">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
). Surface of cranium glabrous or with weak microsculpture, yellowish, pale brown or red-brown; antennifer, postclypeus and labrum darker; area around frontoclypeal suture and apices of mandibles usually black. Epicranial suture extending between frontal suture; frontal sutures more or less bisinuate. Epicranial insertions of antennal muscles indistinct, feebly developed or apparent. Anterior and exterior frontal setae minute or absent. Clypeus subtrapezoidal to rectangular, membranous anteclypeal part narrow, not wider than 1/3 of entire clypeal area. Postclypeus sclerotized, with one anterior and one exterior clypeal setae. Stemmata present, well developed.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFB36CE6B6C0921FF699FCDAA3DFCFE" blockId="3.[113,1090,323,1594]" pageId="3" pageNumber="574">
<emphasis id="B930EADC6B6C0921FF699FCDAED7FD5E" bold="true" box="[144,251,675,698]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="574">Antennae</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="137F2A4B6B6C0921FEF39FCDAF7CFD5E" box="[266,336,675,698]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="6.[151,182,1208,1227]" captionTargetBox="[165,1084,224,1187]" captionTargetId="figure-10@6.[151,1120,216,1187]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Fig. 3. Third instar larvae of Taenioderini. A–H – cranium. A – Chalcothea neglecta. B – Coilodera diardi. C –C. penicillata. D – Euselates cineraceus. E – E. laoticus. F – Meroloba suturalis. G – Plectrone tristis. H – Taeniodera sp. Scale bars: Figs 3A–H = 1mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5301170" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5301170/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="574">Figs 3</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="137F2A4B6B6C0921FEA79FCDAFB2FD5E" box="[350,414,675,698]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="17.[114,145,1497,1516]" captionTargetBox="[169,1030,223,1459]" captionTargetId="figure-11@17.[152,1052,214,1485]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Fig. 9. Third instar larvae of Taenioderini.A–C – right mandible (ventral, medial and dorsal aspect), D – pretarsus, E–L– antenna (dorsal and ventral aspect), M–T – metathoracic leg: A–D – Taeniodera sp. E,M – Chalcothea neglecta. F,N – Coilodera diardi. G,O – C. penicillata. H,P – Euselates cineraceus. I,Q – E. laoticus. J,R – Meroloba suturalis. K,S – Plectrone tristis. L, T – Taeniodera sp. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5301172" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5301172/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="574">9E–L</figureCitation>
). Tetramerous (an I–IV), relative length of antennomeres (an): an I&gt; an IV&gt; an II&gt; an III or an I Ŀ an IV&gt; an II&gt; an III; an I about as long as an II and an III combined or slightly longer. Ventro-apical projection of ANIII with single sensory spot. An IV with numerous dorsal and ventral sensory spots and single apical sensoric ¿eld.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFB36CE6B6C0921FF699E4DAED0FC9E" blockId="3.[113,1090,323,1594]" pageId="3" pageNumber="574">
<emphasis id="B930EADC6B6C0921FF699E4DAEDCFCDE" bold="true" box="[144,240,803,826]" pageId="3" pageNumber="574">
<emphasis id="B930EADC6B6C0921FF699E4DAEC5FCDE" bold="true" box="[144,233,803,826]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="574">Labrum</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Symmetrical, anterior margin trilobed with numerous setae. Clithra present. Dorsal surface with two transverse rows of setae and additional pair of exterior labral setae on each side.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFB36CE6B6C0921FF699EEDADFFFADE" blockId="3.[113,1090,323,1594]" pageId="3" pageNumber="574">
<emphasis id="B930EADC6B6C0921FF699EEDAF3EFC7E" bold="true" box="[144,274,899,922]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="574">Epipharynx</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="137F2A4B6B6C0921FEE69EEDAFB4FC7E" box="[287,408,899,922]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="7.[113,144,1144,1163]" captionTargetBox="[122,1055,222,1118]" captionTargetId="figure-11@7.[113,1086,219,1118]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Fig. 4. Third instar larvae of Taenioderini. A–H – epipharynx. A – Chalcothea neglecta. B – Coilodera diardi. C – C. penicillata. D – Euselates cineraceus. E – E. laoticus. F – Meroloba suturalis. G – Plectrone tristis. H – Taeniodera sp. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5320612" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5320612/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="574">Figs 4A–H</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="137F2A4B6B6C0921FE589EEDAFC3FC7E" box="[417,495,899,922]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="24.[151,182,1445,1464]" captionTargetBox="[152,1125,220,1379]" captionTargetId="figure-10@24.[151,1126,219,1380]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Fig. 12. Third instar larvae of Taenioderini, SEM images.A–C – epipharynx:A – Chalcothea neglecta. B – Coilodera diardi. C– Taeniodera sp. D–F – sense cone (haptolachus, epipharynx): D – Chalcothea neglecta. E – Coilodera diardi. F– Euselates laoticus. G–M – maxillar stridulatory teeth: G – Chalcothea neglecta. H – Coilodera diardi. I – C. penicillata. J – E. cineraceus. K – E. laoticus. L – Meroloba suturalis.M – Taeniodera sp. N,O – hypopharyngeal scleroma: N – E. laoticus. O – Meroloba suturalis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5301176" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5301176/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="574">12A–F</figureCitation>
). Haptomerum: Zygum convex, with arcuate or angulate row of approximately 15 stout setae and several similar setae on mesal margin. Sensilla of zygum grouped in two groups distad to the row of stout setae, or in single ¿eld on a more or less projecting cone. Haptomeral process and proplegmata absent.Acroparia: External margin of medial labral lobe with four to ¿ve long setae on ventral side and three to four setae on dorsal side. Lateral labral lobes with three to seven long setae. Setae of acanthoparia on a more or less distinct tubercle, increasing in size towards apex. Plegmata absent. Chaetoparia asymmetric, setae in more or less distinct longitudinal rows or irregularly scattered on chaetoparia, medial rows with stout, spine-like setae. Dexiotorma straight, robust or narrowed, right pternotorma present or widely reduced. Laeotorma usually reduced (entirelly developed only in
<taxonomicName id="4C444D4D6B6C0921FF3999ADAC14FB3E" authority="Ritsema, 1882" authorityName="Ritsema" authorityYear="1882" box="[192,568,1219,1242]" class="Insecta" family="Cetoniidae" genus="Chalcothea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="574" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="neglecta">
<emphasis id="B930EADC6B6C0921FF3999ADAFB6FB3E" box="[192,410,1219,1242]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="574">Chalcothea neglecta</emphasis>
Ritsema, 1882
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C444D4D6B6C0921FD9099ADAD38FB3E" box="[617,788,1219,1242]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Plectrona" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="574" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tristis">
<emphasis id="B930EADC6B6C0921FD9099ADAD38FB3E" box="[617,788,1219,1242]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="574">Plectrona tristis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), left pternotorma triangular or rectangular, large. Haptolachus: Sense cone well developed or reduced to low cob-like tubercle, sclerotized plate (right nesium) absent. Plate-shaped sclerite present. Haptolachus posteriad with two pairs of pore-like setae on each side. Phoba and crepis absent.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFB36CE6B6C0921FF69982DACFAFA5E" blockId="3.[113,1090,323,1594]" pageId="3" pageNumber="574">
<emphasis id="B930EADC6B6C0921FF69982DAF28FABE" bold="true" box="[144,260,1347,1370]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="574">Mandibles</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="137F2A4B6B6C0921FEED982DAFBDFABE" box="[276,401,1347,1370]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="14.[151,182,1518,1537]" captionTargetBox="[222,1083,233,1473]" captionTargetId="figure-10@14.[194,1084,219,1490]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Fig. 6. Third instar larvae of Taenioderini.A–O – left mandible (dorsal, medial and ventral aspect), P–T – thoracic spiracle. A–C,P – Chalcothea neglecta. D–F,Q – Coilodera diardi. G–I,R – C. penicillata. J–L,S – Euselates cineraceus. M–O,T – E. laoticus. Scale bars: Figs A–O = 1mm; Figs P–T = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5320618" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5320618/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="574">Figs 6A–O</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="137F2A4B6B6C0921FE67982DAFCFFABE" box="[414,483,1347,1370]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="15.[113,144,1507,1526]" captionTargetBox="[163,1037,231,1485]" captionTargetId="figure-11@15.[155,1049,219,1489]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Fig. 7. Third instar larvae of Taenioderini. A–I – left mandible (dorsal, medial and ventral aspect), J–O – right mandible (ventral, medial and dorsal aspect), P–R – thoracic spiracle, S–T – pretarsus.A–C,P – Meroloba suturalis. D–E,Q – Plectrone tristis. G–I,R – Taeniodera sp. J–L,S – Chalcothea neglecta. M–O,T – Coilodera diardi. Scale bars: Figs A–O,S = 1 mm; Figs P–R = 0.7 mm; Fig. T = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5320622" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5320622/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="574">7A–O</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="137F2A4B6B6C0921FE09982DAC18FABE" box="[496,564,1347,1370]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="16.[151,182,1533,1552]" captionTargetBox="[188,1060,222,1486]" captionTargetId="figure-10@16.[151,1092,219,1492]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Fig. 8. Third instar larvae of Taenioderini.A–O – right mandible (ventral, medial and dorsal aspect), P–T – pretarsus. A–C,P – Coilodera penicillata. D–F,Q – Euselates cineraceus. G–I,R – E. laoticus. J–L,S – Meroloba suturalis. M–O,T – Plectrone tristis. Scale bars: Figs A–P,T = 1 mm; Figs Q–S = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5320624" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5320624/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="574">8A–O</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="137F2A4B6B6C0921FDBB982DACA8FABE" box="[578,644,1347,1370]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="17.[114,145,1497,1516]" captionTargetBox="[169,1030,223,1459]" captionTargetId="figure-11@17.[152,1052,214,1485]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Fig. 9. Third instar larvae of Taenioderini.A–C – right mandible (ventral, medial and dorsal aspect), D – pretarsus, E–L– antenna (dorsal and ventral aspect), M–T – metathoracic leg: A–D – Taeniodera sp. E,M – Chalcothea neglecta. F,N – Coilodera diardi. G,O – C. penicillata. H,P – Euselates cineraceus. I,Q – E. laoticus. J,R – Meroloba suturalis. K,S – Plectrone tristis. L, T – Taeniodera sp. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5301172" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5301172/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="574">9A–C</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="137F2A4B6B6C0921FD6B982DACF1FABE" box="[658,733,1347,1370]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="25.[113,144,1172,1191]" captionTargetBox="[113,1088,219,1150]" captionTargetId="figure-11@25.[113,1088,219,1150]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="Fig. 13. Third instar larvae of Taenioderini, SEM images. A–E – ligula: A – Chalcothea neglecta. B– Coilodera diardi, C – Euselates cineraceus. D – Meroloba suturalis. E – Taeniodera sp. F–L – mandibular stridulatory area: F – Chalcothea neglecta. G – Coilodera diardi. H – C. penicillata. I – E. cineraceus. J – E. laoticus. K – Meroloba suturalis. L – Taeniodera sp." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5320632" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5320632/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="574">13F–L</figureCitation>
). Asymmetrical, dorsomolar and ventromolar setae present on both mandibles, stridulatory area absent in
<taxonomicName id="4C444D4D6B6C0921FC7A980DADF7FA9E" box="[899,987,1379,1402]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Plectrona" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="574" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tristis">
<emphasis id="B930EADC6B6C0921FC7A980DADF7FA9E" box="[899,987,1379,1402]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="574">P. tristis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, strongly reduced in
<taxonomicName id="4C444D4D6B6C0921FF1E98EDAF73FA7E" authorityName="Ritsema" authorityYear="1882" box="[231,351,1411,1434]" class="Insecta" family="Cetoniidae" genus="Chalcothea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="574" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="neglecta">
<emphasis id="B930EADC6B6C0921FF1E98EDAF73FA7E" box="[231,351,1411,1434]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="574">C. neglecta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, in all other species consists of about 20 transversal ridges. Left mandible with four, right mandible with three scissorial teeth.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFB36CE6B6C0926FF6998ADAF9CFA5C" blockId="3.[113,1090,323,1594]" lastBlockId="4.[151,1127,1377,1592]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="575" pageId="3" pageNumber="574">
<emphasis id="B930EADC6B6C0921FF6998ADAEC9FA3E" bold="true" box="[144,229,1475,1498]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="574">Maxilla</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="137F2A4B6B6C0921FF0898ADAF1FFA3E" box="[241,307,1475,1498]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="8.[151,182,1046,1065]" captionTargetBox="[168,1126,222,1022]" captionTargetId="figure-10@8.[153,1130,217,1023]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Fig. 5. Third instar larvae of Taenioderini. A–H – maxillo-labial complex.A – Chalcothea neglecta. B – Coilodera diardi. C – C. penicillata. D – Euselates cineraceus. E – E. laoticus. F – Meroloba suturalis. G – Plectrone tristis. H – Taeniodera sp. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5320616" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5320616/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="574">Figs 5</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="137F2A4B6B6C0921FEC498ADAFBFFA3E" box="[317,403,1475,1498]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="24.[151,182,1445,1464]" captionTargetBox="[152,1125,220,1379]" captionTargetId="figure-10@24.[151,1126,219,1380]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Fig. 12. Third instar larvae of Taenioderini, SEM images.A–C – epipharynx:A – Chalcothea neglecta. B – Coilodera diardi. C– Taeniodera sp. D–F – sense cone (haptolachus, epipharynx): D – Chalcothea neglecta. E – Coilodera diardi. F– Euselates laoticus. G–M – maxillar stridulatory teeth: G – Chalcothea neglecta. H – Coilodera diardi. I – C. penicillata. J – E. cineraceus. K – E. laoticus. L – Meroloba suturalis.M – Taeniodera sp. N,O – hypopharyngeal scleroma: N – E. laoticus. O – Meroloba suturalis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5301176" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5301176/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="574">12G–M</figureCitation>
). Dorsomedial surface of stipes with oblique row of more than ¿ve well sclerotized spine-shaped or drop-shaped stridulatory teeth and anterior truncate process (blunt tubercle,
<figureCitation id="137F2A4B6B6C0921FEEF9B6DAF57F9FE" box="[278,379,1539,1562]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="24.[151,182,1445,1464]" captionTargetBox="[152,1125,220,1379]" captionTargetId="figure-10@24.[151,1126,219,1380]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Fig. 12. Third instar larvae of Taenioderini, SEM images.A–C – epipharynx:A – Chalcothea neglecta. B – Coilodera diardi. C– Taeniodera sp. D–F – sense cone (haptolachus, epipharynx): D – Chalcothea neglecta. E – Coilodera diardi. F– Euselates laoticus. G–M – maxillar stridulatory teeth: G – Chalcothea neglecta. H – Coilodera diardi. I – C. penicillata. J – E. cineraceus. K – E. laoticus. L – Meroloba suturalis.M – Taeniodera sp. N,O – hypopharyngeal scleroma: N – E. laoticus. O – Meroloba suturalis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5301176" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5301176/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="574">Fig. 12M</figureCitation>
). Galea and lacina entirely fused forming mala, galeo-lacinial suture indistinct, entirely absent on ventral face. Galear portion of mala with single falcate uncus and several long and stout hair-like setae in longitudinal rows; lacinia with one or two unci, subapical uncus, if present, small and indistinct. Maxillary palpi tetramerous, penultimate palpomere with two setae.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF3B66466B6B0926FF6E99B5AF68FAC0" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5301168" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5301168" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5301168/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="575" startId="4.[151,182,1243,1262]" targetBox="[170,1087,218,1216]" targetPageId="4">
<paragraph id="8BFB36CE6B6B0926FF6E99B5AF68FAC0" blockId="4.[151,1125,1243,1316]" pageId="4" pageNumber="575">
Fig. 2. Third instar larvae of
<taxonomicName id="4C444D4D6B6B0926FE7F99B5AFD8FB0A" authorityName="Krikken" authorityYear="1984" box="[390,500,1243,1262]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="603" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Taenioderini">Taenioderini</taxonomicName>
.A–H – habitus.A –
<taxonomicName id="4C444D4D6B6B0926FD6799B5AD61FB0A" authorityName="Ritsema" authorityYear="1882" box="[670,845,1243,1262]" class="Insecta" family="Cetoniidae" genus="Chalcothea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="575" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="neglecta">
<emphasis id="B930EADC6B6B0926FD6799B5AD61FB0A" box="[670,845,1243,1262]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="575">Chalcothea neglecta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. B –
<emphasis id="B930EADC6B6B0926FC8199B5AA21FB0A" box="[888,1037,1243,1262]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="575">
<taxonomicName id="4C444D4D6B6B0926FC8199B5AA25FB0A" baseAuthorityName="Gory &amp; Percheron" baseAuthorityYear="1833" box="[888,1033,1243,1262]" class="Insecta" family="Cetoniidae" genus="Coilodera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="575" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="diardi">Coilodera diardi</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
C –
<emphasis id="B930EADC6B6B0926FBC899B5AEC9FAED" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="575">
<taxonomicName id="4C444D4D6B6B0926FBC899B5AECDFAED" authorityName="Hope" authorityYear="1831" class="Insecta" family="Cetoniidae" genus="Coilodera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="575" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="penicillata">C. penicillata</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
D –
<emphasis id="B930EADC6B6B0926FEF39998AFEFFAED" box="[266,451,1270,1289]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="575">
<taxonomicName id="4C444D4D6B6B0926FEF39998AF93FAED" authorityName="" baseAuthorityName="Gory &amp; Percheron" baseAuthorityYear="1833" box="[266,447,1270,1289]" class="Insecta" family="Cetoniidae" genus="Euselates" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="575" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cineraceus">Euselates cineraceus</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
E –
<emphasis id="B930EADC6B6B0926FE1C9998AC6AFAED" box="[485,582,1270,1289]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="575">
<taxonomicName id="4C444D4D6B6B0926FE1C9998AC6EFAED" authorityName="Miksiu" authorityYear="1974" box="[485,578,1270,1289]" class="Insecta" family="Cetoniidae" genus="Euselates" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="575" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laoticus">E. laoticus</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
F –
<emphasis id="B930EADC6B6B0926FD9E9998AD3CFAED" box="[615,784,1270,1289]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="575">
<taxonomicName id="4C444D4D6B6B0926FD9E9998AD20FAED" baseAuthorityName="Snellen van Vollenhoven" baseAuthorityYear="1858" box="[615,780,1270,1289]" class="Insecta" family="Cetoniidae" genus="Meroloba" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="575" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="suturalis">Meroloba suturalis</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
G –
<emphasis id="B930EADC6B6B0926FCCC9998ADEFFAED" box="[821,963,1270,1289]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="575">
<taxonomicName id="4C444D4D6B6B0926FCCC9998AD92FAED" baseAuthorityName="Westwood" baseAuthorityYear="1842" box="[821,958,1270,1289]" class="Insecta" family="Cetoniidae" genus="Plectrone" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="575" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tristis">Plectrone tristis</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
H –
<taxonomicName id="4C444D4D6B6B0926FC119998AA49FAED" box="[1000,1125,1270,1289]" class="Insecta" family="Cetoniidae" genus="Taeniodera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="575" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="B930EADC6B6B0926FC119998AA64FAED" box="[1000,1096,1270,1289]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="575">Taeniodera</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
Figures not to scale.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BFB36CE6B6B0926FF4C98AFADC2F9DC" blockId="4.[151,1127,1377,1592]" pageId="4" pageNumber="575">
<emphasis id="B930EADC6B6B0926FF4C98AFAFF9FA3C" bold="true" box="[181,469,1473,1496]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="575">Hypopharyngeal sclerome</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="137F2A4B6B6B0926FE1A98AFAC0BFA3C" box="[483,551,1473,1496]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="8.[151,182,1046,1065]" captionTargetBox="[168,1126,222,1022]" captionTargetId="figure-10@8.[153,1130,217,1023]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Fig. 5. Third instar larvae of Taenioderini. A–H – maxillo-labial complex.A – Chalcothea neglecta. B – Coilodera diardi. C – C. penicillata. D – Euselates cineraceus. E – E. laoticus. F – Meroloba suturalis. G – Plectrone tristis. H – Taeniodera sp. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5320616" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5320616/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="575">Figs 5</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="137F2A4B6B6B0926FDCA98AFACAAFA3C" box="[563,646,1473,1496]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="24.[151,182,1445,1464]" captionTargetBox="[152,1125,220,1379]" captionTargetId="figure-10@24.[151,1126,219,1380]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Fig. 12. Third instar larvae of Taenioderini, SEM images.A–C – epipharynx:A – Chalcothea neglecta. B – Coilodera diardi. C– Taeniodera sp. D–F – sense cone (haptolachus, epipharynx): D – Chalcothea neglecta. E – Coilodera diardi. F– Euselates laoticus. G–M – maxillar stridulatory teeth: G – Chalcothea neglecta. H – Coilodera diardi. I – C. penicillata. J – E. cineraceus. K – E. laoticus. L – Meroloba suturalis.M – Taeniodera sp. N,O – hypopharyngeal scleroma: N – E. laoticus. O – Meroloba suturalis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5301176" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5301176/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="575">12N–O</figureCitation>
). Asymmetrical with strong protruding hypopharyngeal process. Tufts of tegumentary expansions (= phoba,
<emphasis id="B930EADC6B6B0926FCC6988FAD56FA1C" box="[831,890,1505,1528]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="575">sensu</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFD54B3F6B6B0926FC78988FAA20FA1C" author="BOVING A. G." box="[897,1036,1505,1528]" pageId="4" pageNumber="575" pagination="169 - 185" refId="ref15914" refString="BOVING A. G. 1936: Description of the larva of Plectris aliena Chapin and explanation of new terms applied to the epipharynx and raster. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 38: 169 - 185." type="journal article" year="1936">BÖVING 1936</bibRefCitation>
) present on left lateral lobe. Tegumentary expansions of right central part of scleroma either present, absent or individually variable (e.g. present in
<specimenCount id="9D42FD476B6B0926FD719B4FAD31F9DC" box="[648,797,1569,1592]" pageId="4" pageNumber="575" type="generic">one specimen</specimenCount>
, absent in another).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFB36CE6B6A0927FF699DB2AD66FED7" blockId="5.[113,1089,220,915]" pageId="5" pageNumber="576">
<taxonomicName id="4C444D4D6B6A0927FF699DB2AEF5FF17" authorityName="Bloch" authorityYear="1782" box="[144,217,220,243]" class="Cestoda" family="Diphyllobothriidae" genus="Ligula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diphyllobothriidea" pageId="5" pageNumber="576" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B930EADC6B6A0927FF699DB2AEF5FF17" bold="true" box="[144,217,220,243]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="576">Ligula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="137F2A4B6B6A0927FF1C9DB2AF04FF17" box="[229,296,220,243]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="8.[151,182,1046,1065]" captionTargetBox="[168,1126,222,1022]" captionTargetId="figure-10@8.[153,1130,217,1023]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Fig. 5. Third instar larvae of Taenioderini. A–H – maxillo-labial complex.A – Chalcothea neglecta. B – Coilodera diardi. C – C. penicillata. D – Euselates cineraceus. E – E. laoticus. F – Meroloba suturalis. G – Plectrone tristis. H – Taeniodera sp. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5320616" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5320616/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="576">Figs 5</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="137F2A4B6B6A0927FECA9DB2AFAFFF17" box="[307,387,220,243]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="25.[113,144,1172,1191]" captionTargetBox="[113,1088,219,1150]" captionTargetId="figure-11@25.[113,1088,219,1150]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="Fig. 13. Third instar larvae of Taenioderini, SEM images. A–E – ligula: A – Chalcothea neglecta. B– Coilodera diardi, C – Euselates cineraceus. D – Meroloba suturalis. E – Taeniodera sp. F–L – mandibular stridulatory area: F – Chalcothea neglecta. G – Coilodera diardi. H – C. penicillata. I – E. cineraceus. J – E. laoticus. K – Meroloba suturalis. L – Taeniodera sp." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5320632" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5320632/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="576">13A–E</figureCitation>
). Dorsal surface with group of approximately 10–15 hair-like setae on each side; paramedial longitudinal row of three to ¿ve stout setae and proximal transverse row of several campaniform or conical setae. Labial palpi bimerous.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFB36CE6B6A0927FF699C52ACEDFDF7" blockId="5.[113,1089,220,915]" pageId="5" pageNumber="576">
<emphasis id="B930EADC6B6A0927FF699C52AECDFEB7" bold="true" box="[144,225,316,339]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="576">Thorax</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="137F2A4B6B6A0927FF179C52AF46FEB7" box="[238,362,316,339]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[151,182,1243,1262]" captionTargetBox="[170,1087,218,1216]" captionTargetId="figure-90@4.[157,1091,213,1221]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 2. Third instar larvae of Taenioderini.A–H – habitus.A – Chalcothea neglecta. B – Coilodera diardi. C –C. penicillata. D – Euselates cineraceus. E – E. laoticus. F – Meroloba suturalis. G – Plectrone tristis.H – Taeniodera sp. Figures not to scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5301168" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5301168/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="576">Figs 2A–H</figureCitation>
). Prothorax with single dorsal lobe, meso- and metathorax with three well developed lobes. Each dorsal sublobe of thoracic segments with one row of medium long to long setae along with several short setae irregularly scattered anterior to the row. Prothoracic sclerite covering almost whole lateral portion of prothorax. Mesothoracic spiracle (
<figureCitation id="137F2A4B6B6A0927FBEB9CF2AE81FE37" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="14.[151,182,1518,1537]" captionTargetBox="[222,1083,233,1473]" captionTargetId="figure-10@14.[194,1084,219,1490]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Fig. 6. Third instar larvae of Taenioderini.A–O – left mandible (dorsal, medial and ventral aspect), P–T – thoracic spiracle. A–C,P – Chalcothea neglecta. D–F,Q – Coilodera diardi. G–I,R – C. penicillata. J–L,S – Euselates cineraceus. M–O,T – E. laoticus. Scale bars: Figs A–O = 1mm; Figs P–T = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5320618" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5320618/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="576">Figs 6P–T</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="137F2A4B6B6A0927FF409CD2AEDAFE37" box="[185,246,444,467]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="15.[113,144,1507,1526]" captionTargetBox="[163,1037,231,1485]" captionTargetId="figure-11@15.[155,1049,219,1489]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Fig. 7. Third instar larvae of Taenioderini. A–I – left mandible (dorsal, medial and ventral aspect), J–O – right mandible (ventral, medial and dorsal aspect), P–R – thoracic spiracle, S–T – pretarsus.A–C,P – Meroloba suturalis. D–E,Q – Plectrone tristis. G–I,R – Taeniodera sp. J–L,S – Chalcothea neglecta. M–O,T – Coilodera diardi. Scale bars: Figs A–O,S = 1 mm; Figs P–R = 0.7 mm; Fig. T = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5320622" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5320622/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="576">7P–R</figureCitation>
) with C-shaped respiratory plate; bullar opening constricted or wide open. All pairs of legs (
<figureCitation id="137F2A4B6B6A0927FEFD9CB2AFACFE17" box="[260,384,476,499]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="17.[114,145,1497,1516]" captionTargetBox="[169,1030,223,1459]" captionTargetId="figure-11@17.[152,1052,214,1485]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Fig. 9. Third instar larvae of Taenioderini.A–C – right mandible (ventral, medial and dorsal aspect), D – pretarsus, E–L– antenna (dorsal and ventral aspect), M–T – metathoracic leg: A–D – Taeniodera sp. E,M – Chalcothea neglecta. F,N – Coilodera diardi. G,O – C. penicillata. H,P – Euselates cineraceus. I,Q – E. laoticus. J,R – Meroloba suturalis. K,S – Plectrone tristis. L, T – Taeniodera sp. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5301172" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5301172/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="576">Figs 9M–T</figureCitation>
) subequal. Pretarsi conical to cylindrical in shape with two setae, claw present or greatly reduced (
<figureCitation id="137F2A4B6B6A0927FE379C92AC6CFDF7" box="[462,576,508,531]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="15.[113,144,1507,1526]" captionTargetBox="[163,1037,231,1485]" captionTargetId="figure-11@15.[155,1049,219,1489]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Fig. 7. Third instar larvae of Taenioderini. A–I – left mandible (dorsal, medial and ventral aspect), J–O – right mandible (ventral, medial and dorsal aspect), P–R – thoracic spiracle, S–T – pretarsus.A–C,P – Meroloba suturalis. D–E,Q – Plectrone tristis. G–I,R – Taeniodera sp. J–L,S – Chalcothea neglecta. M–O,T – Coilodera diardi. Scale bars: Figs A–O,S = 1 mm; Figs P–R = 0.7 mm; Fig. T = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5320622" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5320622/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="576">Figs 7S–T</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="137F2A4B6B6A0927FDB29C92ACAAFDF7" box="[587,646,508,531]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="16.[151,182,1533,1552]" captionTargetBox="[188,1060,222,1486]" captionTargetId="figure-10@16.[151,1092,219,1492]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Fig. 8. Third instar larvae of Taenioderini.A–O – right mandible (ventral, medial and dorsal aspect), P–T – pretarsus. A–C,P – Coilodera penicillata. D–F,Q – Euselates cineraceus. G–I,R – E. laoticus. J–L,S – Meroloba suturalis. M–O,T – Plectrone tristis. Scale bars: Figs A–P,T = 1 mm; Figs Q–S = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5320624" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5320624/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="576">8P–T</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="137F2A4B6B6A0927FD689C92AC99FDF7" box="[657,693,508,531]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="17.[114,145,1497,1516]" captionTargetBox="[169,1030,223,1459]" captionTargetId="figure-11@17.[152,1052,214,1485]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Fig. 9. Third instar larvae of Taenioderini.A–C – right mandible (ventral, medial and dorsal aspect), D – pretarsus, E–L– antenna (dorsal and ventral aspect), M–T – metathoracic leg: A–D – Taeniodera sp. E,M – Chalcothea neglecta. F,N – Coilodera diardi. G,O – C. penicillata. H,P – Euselates cineraceus. I,Q – E. laoticus. J,R – Meroloba suturalis. K,S – Plectrone tristis. L, T – Taeniodera sp. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5301172" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5301172/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="576">9D</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFB36CE6B6A0927FF699F72ADD7FD77" blockId="5.[113,1089,220,915]" pageId="5" pageNumber="576">
<emphasis id="B930EADC6B6A0927FF699F72AED5FDD7" bold="true" box="[144,249,540,563]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="576">Abdomen</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="137F2A4B6B6A0927FEF19F72AFA8FDD7" box="[264,388,540,563]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[151,182,1243,1262]" captionTargetBox="[170,1087,218,1216]" captionTargetId="figure-90@4.[157,1091,213,1221]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 2. Third instar larvae of Taenioderini.A–H – habitus.A – Chalcothea neglecta. B – Coilodera diardi. C –C. penicillata. D – Euselates cineraceus. E – E. laoticus. F – Meroloba suturalis. G – Plectrone tristis.H – Taeniodera sp. Figures not to scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5301168" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5301168/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="576">Figs 2A–H</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="137F2A4B6B6A0927FE699F72AF81FDD7" box="[400,429,540,563]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="19.[827,858,926,945]" captionTargetBox="[117,1089,233,1185]" captionTargetId="figure-150@19.[113,1085,219,1210]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="Fig. 10. Third instar larvae of Taenioderini. A–H – ultimate abdominal segment, ventral aspect. A – Chalcothea ne- glecta. B – Coilodera diardi. C – C. penicillata. D – Eusela- tes cineraceus. E – E. laoticus. F – Meroloba suturalis. G – Plectrone tristis. H – Taenio- dera sp. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5320626" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5320626/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="576">10</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="137F2A4B6B6A0927FE439F72AFFAFDD7" box="[442,470,540,563]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="20.[845,878,904,923]" captionTargetBox="[157,1127,224,1163]" captionTargetId="figure-162@20.[151,1119,219,1170]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Fig. 11. Third instar larvae of Taenioderini. A–H – ultima- te abdominal segment, lateral aspect: A – Chalcothea neglecta. B – Coilodera diardi. C – C. peni- cillata. D – Euselates cineraceus. E – E. laoticus. F – Meroloba suturalis. G – Plectrone tristis. H – Taeniodera sp. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5320630" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5320630/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="576">11</figureCitation>
). Nine-segmented. Abdominal segments IX and X fused, fusion line is visible on the ventral side. Dorsa of abdominal segments I–VI with three, segments VII and VIII with two sublobes respectively. Each sublobe bearing one to three (four) rows of setae. Setae in anterior rows short, posterior row with distinctly longer setae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFB36CE6B6A0927FF699FF2AD3BFCD7" blockId="5.[113,1089,220,915]" pageId="5" pageNumber="576">
Abdominal pilosity often species-speci¿c, from long hair-like setae (
<taxonomicName id="4C444D4D6B6A0927FC849FF2AED3FD37" authority="Miksiu, 1974" authorityName="Miksiu" authorityYear="1974" class="Insecta" family="Cetoniidae" genus="Euselates" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="576" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laoticus">
<emphasis id="B930EADC6B6A0927FC849FF2AA6CFD57" box="[893,1088,668,691]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="576">Euselates laoticus</emphasis>
Mikšiü, 1974
</taxonomicName>
) to long stout (
<taxonomicName id="4C444D4D6B6A0927FE679FD2AC54FD37" authorityName="Ritsema" authorityYear="1882" box="[414,632,700,723]" class="Insecta" family="Cetoniidae" genus="Chalcothea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="576" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="neglecta">
<emphasis id="B930EADC6B6A0927FE679FD2AC54FD37" box="[414,632,700,723]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="576">Chalcothea neglecta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), spatulate (long or short;
<taxonomicName id="4C444D4D6B6A0927FC779FD2AFA2FD17" authority="(Gory &amp; Percheron, 1833)" baseAuthorityName="Gory &amp; Percheron" baseAuthorityYear="1833" class="Insecta" family="Cetoniidae" genus="Coilodera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="576" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="diardi">
<emphasis id="B930EADC6B6A0927FC779FD2AA6CFD37" box="[910,1088,700,723]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="576">Coilodera diardi</emphasis>
(Gory &amp; Percheron, 1833)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C444D4D6B6A0927FE609FB2AD79FD17" authority="(Gory &amp; Percheron, 1833))" authorityName="" baseAuthorityName="Gory &amp; Percheron" baseAuthorityYear="1833" box="[409,853,732,755]" class="Insecta" family="Cetoniidae" genus="Euselates" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="576" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cineraceus">
<emphasis id="B930EADC6B6A0927FE609FB2AC07FD17" box="[409,555,732,755]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="576">E. cineraceus</emphasis>
(Gory &amp; Percheron, 1833))
</taxonomicName>
to hamate (
<taxonomicName id="4C444D4D6B6A0927FC2D9FB2AEC8FCF7" authorityName="Hope" authorityYear="1831" class="Insecta" family="Cetoniidae" genus="Coilodera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="576" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="penicillata">
<emphasis id="B930EADC6B6A0927FC2D9FB2AEC8FCF7" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="576">Coilodera penicillata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). Abdominal spiracles similar to mesothoracic spiracle, but smaller. Ultimate abdominal segment usually densely setose. Anal slit transverse.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFB36CE6B6A0927FF699E52ADCEFC77" blockId="5.[113,1089,220,915]" pageId="5" pageNumber="576">
<emphasis id="B930EADC6B6A0927FF699E52AEFBFCB7" bold="true" box="[144,215,828,851]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="576">Raster</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="137F2A4B6B6A0927FF1F9E52AF1AFCB7" box="[230,310,828,851]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="19.[827,858,926,945]" captionTargetBox="[117,1089,233,1185]" captionTargetId="figure-150@19.[113,1085,219,1210]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="Fig. 10. Third instar larvae of Taenioderini. A–H – ultimate abdominal segment, ventral aspect. A – Chalcothea ne- glecta. B – Coilodera diardi. C – C. penicillata. D – Eusela- tes cineraceus. E – E. laoticus. F – Meroloba suturalis. G – Plectrone tristis. H – Taenio- dera sp. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5320626" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5320626/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="576">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
). Palidium present or absent, if present than monostichous (few irregular pali may be scattered around main row), composed of approximately 10–22 pali arranged in single U-shaped row or two parallel rows respectively. Septula opened posteriorly.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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