196 lines
18 KiB
XML
196 lines
18 KiB
XML
<document id="4DD41CFBCC97F605B223904DEA3FE0E0" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.3740269" ID-GBIF-Dataset="34e4a5a6-881c-4a1a-b64d-6868e12df7fb" ID-ISBN="978-84-16728-19-0" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3740269" IM.illustrations_requiresApprovalFor="plazi" IM.metadata_requiresApprovalFor="plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_requiresApprovalFor="plazi" checkinTime="1586037971521" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Bonaccorso, Frank" docDate="2019" docId="03D587F2FFDF4C14F8FE36E0F767F2F8" docLanguage="en" docName="hbmw_9_Emballorunidae.pdf.imd" docOrigin="Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions" docStyle="DocumentStyle{}" docTitle="Balantiopteryx infosca Thomas 1897" docType="treatment" docVersion="21" lastPageNumber="365" masterDocId="FFECFF8AFFCF4C04FFA53577FFF8FFE9" masterDocTitle="Emballonuridae" masterLastPageNumber="373" masterPageNumber="350" pageNumber="365" updateTime="1698735528461" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:titleInfo id="6B1C3527263CD3FA181969E50C711F58">
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<mods:title id="5A0D323E33C2CE4274E666934EF9AFC2">Emballonuridae</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="B6C25C246702784F1833295E30646C8B" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="5666A530E99EEAD3EF6C99A6DC86185A">Bonaccorso, Frank</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="89BACCA5770885B6D134A02ECB167178">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:dateIssued id="4DAD77D3B7DF4CAA5691A77DB313D445">2019</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:dateOther id="4F2D7E6E8D53FC640675F6B8FFBFBD14" type="pubDate">2019-10-31</mods:dateOther>
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<mods:publisher id="5ECE9734AB256DDD2564481D73E65684">Lynx Edicions</mods:publisher>
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<mods:placeTerm id="CED0D0D969B1E277A437B675D7B094D8">Barcelona</mods:placeTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="1864BCF2AF0462C4CCD9E1B19C15A111">Wilson, Don E.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="197968724DFEB2AB73D06BD057E68BFE" type="personal">
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="4405E6EE0F0825E5F7951159FEC41CA8">Mittermeier, Russel A.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:titleInfo id="87662095A588F39C5B3A78C44388BC06">
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<mods:title id="4FB5F03CBBF1C272C089B6D2A652C808">Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats</mods:title>
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<mods:classification id="84F518F6BF51A861FE0FA3C12223DC77">book chapter</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="54891CCD03165176FA88F693E16AFD42" type="ISBN">978-84-16728-19-0</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03D587F2FFDF4C14F8FE36E0F767F2F8" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3810803" ID-GBIF-Taxon="163435116" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3810803" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D587F2FFDF4C14F8FE36E0F767F2F8" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D587F2FFDF4C14F8FE36E0F767F2F8" lastPageNumber="365" pageId="16" pageNumber="365">
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<subSubSection id="C366656FFFDF4C14F8FE36E0F547FC3D" box="[1883,2751,919,980]" pageId="16" pageNumber="365" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="8BC336E4FFDF4C14F8FE36E0F547FC3D" blockId="16.[1883,3393,919,980]" box="[1883,2751,919,980]" pageId="16" pageNumber="365">
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<figureCitation id="13472A61FFDF4C14F8FE36E0F859FC3D" box="[1883,1953,919,980]" captionStart="On" captionStartId="10.[178,221,4453,4480]" captionTargetBox="[182,3472,151,4663]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="On following pages: 22. New Guinea Sheath-tailed Bat (Emballonura furati); 23. Beccari's Sheath-tailed Bat (Emballonura beccarti); 24. Large-eared Sheath-tailed Bat (Emballonura dianae); 25. Seri'sSheath-tailed Bat (Emballonura sertii); 26. Pacific Sheath-tailed Bat (Emballonura semicaudata); 27. Western Sheath-tailed Bat (Paremballonura tiavato); 28. Peters's Sheath-tailed Bat (Paremballonura atrata); 29. African Sheath-tailed Bat (Coleura afra); 30. Seychelles Sheath-tailed Bat (Coleura seychellensis); 31. Madagascar Sheath-tailed Bat (Coleura kibomalandy); 32. Dark Sheath-tailed Bat (Mosia nigrescens); 33. Chestnut Sac-winged Bat (Cormura brevirostris); 34. Gray Sac-winged Bat (Balantiopteryx plicata); 35. Thomas's Sac-winged Bat (Balantiopteryx io); 36. Ecuadorian Sac-winged Bat (Balantiopteryx infusca)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3740273" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3740273/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="365">36</figureCitation>
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.
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<emphasis id="B908EAF6FFDF4C14F86436E0F547FC3D" box="[1985,2751,919,980]" pageId="16" pageNumber="365">Ecuadorian Sac-winged Bat</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C366656FFFDF4C14F4A436E0F2B9FC3D" box="[2817,3393,919,980]" pageId="16" pageNumber="365" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BC336E4FFDF4C14F4A436E0F2B9FC3D" blockId="16.[1883,3393,919,980]" box="[2817,3393,919,980]" pageId="16" pageNumber="365">
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<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D67FFDF4C14F4A436E0F2B9FC3D" authority="(Thomas, 1897)" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1897" box="[2817,3393,919,980]" class="Mammalia" family="Emballonuridae" genus="Balantiopteryx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="365" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="infosca">
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<emphasis id="B908EAF6FFDF4C14F4A436E0F2B9FC3D" box="[2817,3393,919,980]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="365">Balantiopteryx infusca</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C366656FFFDF4C14F8FF3697F80DFBDD" pageId="16" pageNumber="365" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="8BC336E4FFDF4C14F8FF3697F80DFBDD" blockId="16.[1881,3340,989,1076]" pageId="16" pageNumber="365">
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<emphasis id="B908EAF6FFDF4C14F8FF3697F847FC1E" bold="true" box="[1882,1983,992,1015]" pageId="16" pageNumber="365">
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<emphasis id="B908EAF6FFDF4C14F8FF3697F842FC1E" box="[1882,1978,992,1015]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="365">French</emphasis>
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:
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</emphasis>
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Emballonure d'Équateur /
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<emphasis id="B908EAF6FFDF4C14F68E3697F65EFC1E" bold="true" box="[2347,2470,992,1015]" pageId="16" pageNumber="365">German:</emphasis>
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Ecuador-Sackflügelfledermaus /
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<emphasis id="B908EAF6FFDF4C14F4C43697F425FC1F" bold="true" box="[2913,3037,992,1014]" pageId="16" pageNumber="365">Spanish:</emphasis>
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Embalonuro de sacos ecuatoriano
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C366656FFFDF4C14F52A310DF50CFB3C" pageId="16" pageNumber="365" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BC336E4FFDF4C14F52A310DF50CFB3C" blockId="16.[2702,3505,1146,1715]" pageId="16" pageNumber="365">
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<emphasis id="B908EAF6FFDF4C14F52A310DF49AFB48" bold="true" box="[2703,2914,1146,1185]" pageId="16" pageNumber="365">
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<emphasis id="B908EAF6FFDF4C14F52A310DF4A2FB48" box="[2703,2906,1146,1185]" pageId="16" pageNumber="365">Taxonomy</emphasis>
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.
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</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D67FFDF4C14F422310DF515FB3C" ID-CoL="8H77P" authority="Thomas, 1897" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1897" class="Mammalia" family="Emballonuridae" genus="Saccopteryx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="365" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="infusca">
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<emphasis id="B908EAF6FFDF4C14F422310DF311FB48" box="[2951,3305,1146,1185]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="365">Saccopteryx infusca</emphasis>
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Thomas, 1897
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C366656FFFDF4C14F4AD31D9F2C3FAE2" pageId="16" pageNumber="365" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BC336E4FFDF4C14F4AD31D9F2C3FAE2" blockId="16.[2702,3505,1146,1715]" pageId="16" pageNumber="365">
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“
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<materialsCitation id="3B143CB9FFDF4C14F4BB31D9F2C3FAE2" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2595781783" country="Ecuador" location="[Rio] Cachavi, [Departamento de Esmeraldas], N [orthern]" pageId="16" pageNumber="365" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="type">
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<location id="8EA3603FFFDF4C14F4BB31D9F396FAE2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D587F2FFDF4C14F8FE36E0F767F2F8:8EA3603FFFDF4C14F4BB31D9F396FAE2" country="Ecuador" name="[Rio] Cachavi, [Departamento de Esmeraldas], N [orthern]" pageId="16" pageNumber="365">[Rio] Cachavi, [Departamento de Esmeraldas], N[orthern]</location>
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.
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<collectingCountry id="F36B7674FFDF4C14F3273193F2DEFAE2" box="[3202,3366,1252,1291]" name="Ecuador" pageId="16" pageNumber="365">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
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.”
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C366656FFFDF4C14F52A306DF38FFAA8" box="[2703,3191,1306,1345]" pageId="16" pageNumber="365" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8BC336E4FFDF4C14F52A306DF38FFAA8" blockId="16.[2702,3505,1146,1715]" box="[2703,3191,1306,1345]" pageId="16" pageNumber="365">This species is monotypic.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C366656FFFDF4C14F52A3039F654F901" pageId="16" pageNumber="365" type="distribution">
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<caption id="DF03666CFFDF4C14F52A3039F654F901" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3747968" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3747968" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3747968/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="365" targetBox="[1878,2672,1153,1730]" targetPageId="16">
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<paragraph id="8BC336E4FFDF4C14F52A3039F654F901" blockId="16.[2702,3505,1146,1715]" pageId="16" pageNumber="365">
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<emphasis id="B908EAF6FFDF4C14F52A3039F485FA9C" bold="true" box="[2703,2941,1358,1397]" pageId="16" pageNumber="365">Distribution.</emphasis>
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Endemic to a small area of the Chocó Region on Pacific slope of
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<emphasis id="B908EAF6FFDF4C14F2C830F4F27BFA43" box="[3437,3459,1411,1450]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="365">o</emphasis>
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lombia and Ecuador, recorded from only four localities in SW Colombia (Rio Chanco,
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<emphasis id="B908EAF6FFDF4C14F5743355F4D7F9A0" bold="true" box="[2769,2863,1570,1609]" pageId="16" pageNumber="365">Valle</emphasis>
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del Cauca Department) and NW Ecuador (Esmeraldas and Imbabura provinces), and
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<emphasis id="B908EAF6FFDF4C14F43533FBF394F95A" box="[2960,3180,1676,1715]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="365">presumably</emphasis>
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in appropriate habitat between these localities.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C366656FFFDF4C14F8FC3384F59EF710" pageId="16" pageNumber="365" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BC336E4FFDF4C14F8FC3384F59EF710" pageId="16" pageNumber="365">
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Descriptive
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<emphasis id="B908EAF6FFDF4C14F7E53384F748F8F3" bold="true" box="[2112,2224,1779,1818]" pageId="16" pageNumber="365">notes.</emphasis>
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Head—body 37-42 mm, tail 12—18 mm, ear 10—14 mm, hindfoot 7-12 mm, forearm 37-9-42-4 mm; weight 4—5 g. The Ecuadorian Sac-winged Bat shows sexual dimorphism in body size, with females
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<emphasis id="B908EAF6FFDF4C14F5683217F4ACF86E" box="[2765,2900,1888,1927]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="365">slightly</emphasis>
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larger as measured by forearm length (males average 38-7 mm and females 40 mm). Dorsal fur is tricolored, with blackish brown distal tips, brown hair shafts, and pale grayish brown bases. Venter is paler, with bicolored hairs having brown tips and grayish brown bases. White, wiry hairs are scattered dorsally and
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<emphasis id="B908EAF6FFDF4C14F6193D44F599F7B3" box="[2492,2657,2099,2138]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="365">ventrally</emphasis>
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on many specimens. Flight membranes are black. Upper one-third of dorsal surface of uropatagium is sparsely haired, especially along short tail. Lower face is naked. Ears are oval-shaped and extend slightly above crown; interior of pinna is heavily ribbed.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C366656FFFDF4C14F8FD3C70F25FF4D7" pageId="16" pageNumber="365" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph id="8BC336E4FFDF4C14F8FD3C70F310F6C7" box="[1880,3304,2311,2350]" pageId="16" pageNumber="365">
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<emphasis id="B908EAF6FFDF4C14F8FD3C70F810F6C7" box="[1880,2024,2311,2350]" pageId="16" pageNumber="365">Habitat</emphasis>
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. Lowland and pre-montane rainforests at elevations of 150—1200 m.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC336E4FFDF4C14F8FD3C4BF25FF68A" box="[1880,3495,2364,2403]" pageId="16" pageNumber="365">
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<emphasis id="B908EAF6FFDF4C14F8FD3C4BF749F68A" box="[1880,2225,2364,2403]" pageId="16" pageNumber="365">
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<emphasis id="B908EAF6FFDF4C14F8FD3C4BF844F68A" bold="true" box="[1880,1980,2364,2403]" pageId="16" pageNumber="365">Food</emphasis>
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and
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<emphasis id="B908EAF6FFDF4C14F7B33C4BF749F68A" bold="true" box="[2070,2225,2364,2403]" pageId="16" pageNumber="365">Feeding</emphasis>
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</emphasis>
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. Ecuadorian Sac-winged Bats feed on small insects caught in the air.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC336E4FFDF4C14F8FC3C07F7D5F5E8" pageId="16" pageNumber="365">
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<emphasis id="B908EAF6FFDF4C14F8FC3C07F7F0F67E" box="[1881,2056,2416,2455]" pageId="16" pageNumber="365">Breeding</emphasis>
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. Adult female Ecuadorian Sac-winged Bats examined in late December in Ecuador included four lactating, two post-lactating, and five reproductively inactive individuals.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC336E4FFDF4C14F8F33F78F68BF582" pageId="16" pageNumber="365">
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<emphasis id="B908EAF6FFDF4C14F8F33F78F76EF5DF" bold="true" box="[1878,2198,2575,2614]" pageId="16" pageNumber="365">Activity patterns.</emphasis>
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The Ecuadorian Sac-winged Bat roosts in twilight zones of caves and abandoned railroad tunnels.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC336E4FFDF4C14F8FC3F0EF25FF4D7" pageId="16" pageNumber="365">
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<emphasis id="B908EAF6FFDF4C14F8FC3F0EF500F549" bold="true" box="[1881,2808,2681,2720]" pageId="16" pageNumber="365">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
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Ecuadorian Sac-winged Bats roost in association with
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<emphasis id="B908EAF6FFDF4C14F7283FDAF70DF53D" box="[2189,2293,2733,2772]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="365">other</emphasis>
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bat species including Greater Sac-winged Bats
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<emphasis id="B908EAF6FFDF4C14F3C83FDAF853F4E0" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="365">
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(
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<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D67FFDF4C14F3DC3FDAF86FF4E0" class="Mammalia" family="Emballonuridae" genus="Saccopteryx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="365" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bilineatd">Saccopteryx bilineatd</taxonomicName>
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).
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</emphasis>
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Roosting groups of up to 40 individuals have been observed. Nine individuals of mixed sex and age were captured in mist nets at each oftwo abandoned railroad tunnels.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C366656FFFDF4C14F8FC3E3BF5BBF346" pageId="16" pageNumber="365" type="conservation">
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<paragraph id="8BC336E4FFDF4C14F8FC3E3BF5BBF346" pageId="16" pageNumber="365">
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<emphasis id="B908EAF6FFDF4C14F8FC3E3BF6C4F49A" bold="true" box="[1881,2364,2892,2931]" pageId="16" pageNumber="365">
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<emphasis id="B908EAF6FFDF4C14F8FC3E3BF6CCF49A" box="[1881,2356,2892,2931]" pageId="16" pageNumber="365">Status and Conservation</emphasis>
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.
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</emphasis>
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Classified as Vulnerable on
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<emphasis id="B908EAF6FFDF4C14F4D43E3BF449F49A" box="[2929,2993,2892,2931]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="365">The</emphasis>
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IUCN
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<emphasis id="B908EAF6FFDF4C14F3903E3BF328F49A" box="[3125,3280,2892,2931]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="365">Red List.</emphasis>
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The Ecuadorian Sac-winged Bat has a small distribution, and populations are believed to be declining.
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<emphasis id="B908EAF6FFDF4C14F7863EC3F75BF432" box="[2083,2211,2996,3035]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="365">Extent</emphasis>
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of occurrence is c. 18,551 km2 encompassing three known locations in Ecuador and one in Colombia.
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<emphasis id="B908EAF6FFDF4C14F6583E9DF574F3F8" box="[2557,2700,3050,3089]" pageId="16" pageNumber="365">Habitat</emphasis>
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has been reduced by deforestation from expanding agriculture and continues to decline in extent and quality. In Ecuador, habitat is highly fragmented and faces a high risk of destruction in the near future because of uncontrolled illegal logging.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C366656FFFDF4C14F8FF39CCF767F2F8" pageId="16" pageNumber="365" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC336E4FFDF4C14F8FF39CCF767F2F8" pageId="16" pageNumber="365">
|
||
<emphasis id="B908EAF6FFDF4C14F8FF39CCF7D0F33F" bold="true" box="[1882,2088,3259,3286]" pageId="16" pageNumber="365">Bibliography.</emphasis>
|
||
Alberico eta/. (2000),
|
||
<emphasis id="B908EAF6FFDF4C14F6D139CCF636F33F" box="[2420,2510,3259,3286]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="365">Albuja</emphasis>
|
||
(1999),
|
||
<emphasis id="B908EAF6FFDF4C14F5E039CCF549F33F" box="[2629,2737,3259,3286]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="365">Alvarez</emphasis>
|
||
(2002, 2003), Hood & Gardner (2008),
|
||
<emphasis id="B908EAF6FFDF4C14F35739CCF880F2F8" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="365">McCarthy et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2000),
|
||
<emphasis id="B908EAF6FFDF4C14F84B3981F7CFF2F8" box="[2030,2103,3318,3345]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="365">Tirira</emphasis>
|
||
(2017).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |