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<document id="EFE1FBAE5AEAD56A2383C4C6841B0B78" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.3740269" ID-GBIF-Dataset="34e4a5a6-881c-4a1a-b64d-6868e12df7fb" ID-ISBN="978-84-16728-19-0" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3740269" IM.illustrations_requiresApprovalFor="plazi" IM.metadata_requiresApprovalFor="plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_requiresApprovalFor="plazi" checkinTime="1586037971521" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Bonaccorso, Frank" docDate="2019" docId="03D587F2FFC04C14F8DA3ECEF976FAED" docLanguage="en" docName="hbmw_9_Emballorunidae.pdf.imd" docOrigin="Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions" docStyle="DocumentStyle{}" docTitle="Balantiopteryx plicata Peters 1867" docType="treatment" docVersion="20" lastPageNumber="365" masterDocId="FFECFF8AFFCF4C04FFA53577FFF8FFE9" masterDocTitle="Emballonuridae" masterLastPageNumber="373" masterPageNumber="350" pageNumber="364" updateTime="1698735528461" updateUser="plazi">
<mods:mods id="FBAF7FB83ED48B1F5723E35248191BA3" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="9B19CBC48000065CF76AD503762DA6F4">
<mods:title id="704E8D02DBD9AF8C1D55AD01EB266067">Emballonuridae</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="0D5B4C42DE84370B77DBC87A695B350A" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="5CB163D18B1DAF29673FEBBBD864609F">Bonaccorso, Frank</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="48F20A25B1B71B931E82D88E1661F06F">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:dateIssued id="74853AE7357CC72C62BE45663B981544">2019</mods:dateIssued>
<mods:dateOther id="7B4A650B9B44C5B0D15D2899EF040577" type="pubDate">2019-10-31</mods:dateOther>
<mods:publisher id="AF23E95D05034E250FD18D0EDC0AE637">Lynx Edicions</mods:publisher>
<mods:place id="F4C4812EACA773AF00D3CB06077D11FE">
<mods:placeTerm id="515AFA01277FD7BF8EAEF75F60F50F4C">Barcelona</mods:placeTerm>
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<mods:name id="0834D8124A24C2F5BB22A24D21B452CD" type="personal">
<mods:role id="E8A53214AE1E0B1560A73D7D8ABA975F">
<mods:roleTerm id="9438BC12968373B085D45B9D18EA62CF">Editor</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="A0AE11929E027B8DB2F9798A874F964A">Wilson, Don E.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="BC62714FAE1B14F0F13007A920E1F9F7" type="personal">
<mods:role id="671147433C7D9B30F977F831F4698B24">
<mods:roleTerm id="641413CDB0BE7464A1962D5D764DF4FD">Editor</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="C695792421E931FFC3E0C0D3FD7803C4">Mittermeier, Russel A.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:titleInfo id="5B4F7A7150ADAF98B61743BE519B12E8">
<mods:title id="3ED54238E003A35AE2F8C55A32796E8E">Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="A27E17E753AB4FB64143A3F5590C6158">
<mods:extent id="1D6486BE48E48A623243EAAFF49B2F7E" unit="page">
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<mods:classification id="B3A74B56483A75870367CE29FA70A857">book chapter</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="525D1F455B20D02228EDD19D87936CD3" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.3740269</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="B7BC6FEF3161A8A542DCDD2C8393D676" type="GBIF-Dataset">34e4a5a6-881c-4a1a-b64d-6868e12df7fb</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="2423AD45F55531903AEED520381E9C4A" type="ISBN">978-84-16728-19-0</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="78322B9D5D6B2CA24AF77D11C6BD502B" type="Zenodo-Dep">3740269</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03D587F2FFC04C14F8DA3ECEF976FAED" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3810687" ID-GBIF-Taxon="163435177" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3810687" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D587F2FFC04C14F8DA3ECEF976FAED" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D587F2FFC04C14F8DA3ECEF976FAED" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="365" pageId="15" pageNumber="364">
<subSubSection id="C366656FFFC04C0BF8DA3ECEF5D8F41F" box="[1919,2592,3001,3062]" pageId="15" pageNumber="364" type="vernacular_names">
<paragraph id="8BC336E4FFC04C0BF8DA3ECEF5D8F41F" blockId="15.[1919,3214,3001,3062]" box="[1919,2592,3001,3062]" pageId="15" pageNumber="364">
<figureCitation id="13472A61FFC04C0BF8DA3ECEF83DF41F" box="[1919,1989,3001,3062]" captionStart="On" captionStartId="10.[178,221,4453,4480]" captionTargetBox="[182,3472,151,4663]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="On following pages: 22. New Guinea Sheath-tailed Bat (Emballonura furati); 23. Beccari's Sheath-tailed Bat (Emballonura beccarti); 24. Large-eared Sheath-tailed Bat (Emballonura dianae); 25. Seri'sSheath-tailed Bat (Emballonura sertii); 26. Pacific Sheath-tailed Bat (Emballonura semicaudata); 27. Western Sheath-tailed Bat (Paremballonura tiavato); 28. Peters's Sheath-tailed Bat (Paremballonura atrata); 29. African Sheath-tailed Bat (Coleura afra); 30. Seychelles Sheath-tailed Bat (Coleura seychellensis); 31. Madagascar Sheath-tailed Bat (Coleura kibomalandy); 32. Dark Sheath-tailed Bat (Mosia nigrescens); 33. Chestnut Sac-winged Bat (Cormura brevirostris); 34. Gray Sac-winged Bat (Balantiopteryx plicata); 35. Thomas's Sac-winged Bat (Balantiopteryx io); 36. Ecuadorian Sac-winged Bat (Balantiopteryx infusca)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3740273" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3740273/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="364">34</figureCitation>
.
<emphasis id="B908EAF6FFC04C0BF8403ECEF5D8F41F" box="[2021,2592,3001,3062]" pageId="15" pageNumber="364">Gray Sac-winged Bat</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C366656FFFC04C0BF5C53ECEF376F41F" box="[2656,3214,3001,3062]" pageId="15" pageNumber="364" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BC336E4FFC04C0BF5C53ECEF376F41F" blockId="15.[1919,3214,3001,3062]" box="[2656,3214,3001,3062]" pageId="15" pageNumber="364">
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D67FFC04C0BF5C53ECEF376F41F" ID-CoL="KGC9" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1867" box="[2656,3214,3001,3062]" class="Mammalia" family="Emballonuridae" genus="Balantiopteryx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="364" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="plicata">
<emphasis id="B908EAF6FFC04C0BF5C53ECEF376F41F" box="[2656,3214,3001,3062]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="364">Balantiopteryx plicata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C366656FFFC04C0BF8D83973F5E2F3BD" pageId="15" pageNumber="364" type="vernacular_names">
<paragraph id="8BC336E4FFC04C0BF8D83973F268F3F6" blockId="15.[1917,3472,3076,3156]" box="[1917,3472,3076,3103]" pageId="15" pageNumber="364">
French: Emballonura
<emphasis id="B908EAF6FFC04C0BF7053973F73AF3F6" box="[2208,2242,3076,3103]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="364">de</emphasis>
Peters /
<emphasis id="B908EAF6FFC04C0BF69E3973F64AF3F6" bold="true" box="[2363,2482,3076,3103]" pageId="15" pageNumber="364">German</emphasis>
: Peters-Sackflügelfledermaus /
<emphasis id="B908EAF6FFC04C0BF4FE3973F42BF3F6" bold="true" box="[2907,3027,3076,3103]" pageId="15" pageNumber="364">Spanish</emphasis>
: Embalonuro de sacos de Peters
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC336E4FFC04C0BF8D8394EF5E2F3BD" blockId="15.[1917,3472,3076,3156]" box="[1917,2586,3129,3156]" pageId="15" pageNumber="364">
<emphasis id="B908EAF6FFC04C0BF8D8394EF73DF3BD" bold="true" box="[1917,2245,3129,3156]" pageId="15" pageNumber="364">Other common names</emphasis>
: Peters's Sac-winged Bat
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C366656FFFC04C0BF51539EAF4EEF31C" pageId="15" pageNumber="364" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BC336E4FFC04C0BF51539EAF4EEF31C" blockId="15.[2736,3534,3229,3796]" pageId="15" pageNumber="364">
<emphasis id="B908EAF6FFC04C0BF51539EAF485F32D" box="[2736,2941,3229,3268]" pageId="15" pageNumber="364">Taxonomy</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D67FFC04C0BF40039EAF4F7F31C" ID-CoL="KGC9" authority="Peters, 1867" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1867" class="Mammalia" family="Emballonuridae" genus="Balantiopteryx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="364" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="plicata">
<emphasis id="B908EAF6FFC04C0BF40039EAF2CCF32D" box="[2981,3380,3229,3268]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="364">Balantiopteryx plicata</emphasis>
Peters, 1867
</taxonomicName>
,
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C366656FFFC04C0BF48639B9F326F31C" box="[2851,3294,3278,3317]" pageId="15" pageNumber="364" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BC336E4FFC04C0BF48639B9F326F31C" blockId="15.[2736,3534,3229,3796]" box="[2851,3294,3278,3317]" pageId="15" pageNumber="364">
<materialsCitation id="3B143CB9FFC04C0BF48639B9F326F31C" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2595781786" box="[2851,3294,3278,3317]" country="Costa Rica" location="Puntarenas" pageId="15" pageNumber="364" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Puntarenas" typeStatus="type">
<collectingRegion id="49B8F806FFC04C0BF48639B9F404F31C" box="[2851,3068,3278,3317]" country="Costa Rica" name="Puntarenas" pageId="15" pageNumber="364">Puntarenas</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="F36B7674FFC04C0BF3B539B9F321F31C" box="[3088,3289,3278,3317]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="15" pageNumber="364">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C366656FFFC04C0BF5153871F2F8F2C4" box="[2736,3328,3334,3373]" pageId="15" pageNumber="364" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BC336E4FFC04C0BF5153871F2F8F2C4" blockId="15.[2736,3534,3229,3796]" box="[2736,3328,3334,3373]" pageId="15" pageNumber="364">
Two
<emphasis id="B908EAF6FFC04C0BF4AF3871F428F2C4" box="[2826,3024,3334,3373]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="364">subspecies</emphasis>
are recognized.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C366656FFFC04C0BF514384CF306F180" pageId="15" pageNumber="364" type="distribution">
<caption id="DF03666CFFC04C0BF514384CF306F180" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3747964" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3747964" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3747964/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="364" targetBox="[1921,2706,3231,3788]" targetPageId="15">
<paragraph id="8BC336E4FFC04C0BF514384CF335F28B" blockId="15.[2736,3534,3229,3796]" box="[2737,3277,3387,3426]" pageId="15" pageNumber="364">
<emphasis id="B908EAF6FFC04C0BF514384CF335F28B" bold="true" box="[2737,3277,3387,3426]" pageId="15" pageNumber="364">Subspecies and Distribution.</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC336E4FFC04C0BF5143819F256F222" blockId="15.[2736,3534,3229,3796]" pageId="15" pageNumber="364">
<emphasis id="B908EAF6FFC04C0BF5143819F4F8F27C" box="[2737,2816,3438,3477]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="364">B. p.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D67FFC04C0BF4A23819F39BF27C" authority="Peters, 1867" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1867" box="[2823,3171,3438,3477]" class="Mammalia" family="Emballonuridae" genus="Balantiopteryx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="364" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="plicata">
<emphasis id="B908EAF6FFC04C0BF4A23819F485F27C" box="[2823,2941,3438,3477]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="364">plicata</emphasis>
Peters, 1867
</taxonomicName>
- from
<emphasis id="B908EAF6FFC04C0BF3543819F2F6F27C" box="[3313,3342,3438,3477]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="364">C</emphasis>
Sinaloa in Mexico to
<emphasis id="B908EAF6FFC04C0BF4D038D3F3CEF222" box="[2933,3126,3492,3531]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="364">Nicaragua</emphasis>
and NW Costa Rica.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC336E4FFC04C0BF51438AEF306F180" blockId="15.[2736,3534,3229,3796]" pageId="15" pageNumber="364">
<emphasis id="B908EAF6FFC04C0BF51438AEF465F1E9" box="[2737,2973,3545,3584]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="364">B. p. pallida</emphasis>
Burt, 1948 - confined to S Sonora, N Sinaloa, and the S tip of Baja California Sur states in Mexico.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C366656FFFC04C0BF5153B00F341EFAB" pageId="15" pageNumber="364" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BC336E4FFC04C0BF5153B00F341EFAB" blockId="15.[2736,3534,3229,3796]" pageId="15" pageNumber="364">
Descriptive
<emphasis id="B908EAF6FFC04C0BF4373B00F3F8F177" bold="true" box="[2962,3072,3703,3742]" pageId="15" pageNumber="364">notes.</emphasis>
Head—body 47—53 mm, tail 13—23 mm, ear 13-15 mm, hindfoot 7-10 mm, forearm 37-5-45-9 mm; weight 5-6
<emphasis id="B908EAF6FFC04C0BF4AD3BABF4D9F0EA" box="[2824,2849,3804,3843]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="364">g</emphasis>
. Based on forearm length, females (43-1 mm mean) are
<emphasis id="B908EAF6FFC04C0BF6AF3A64F675F0D3" box="[2314,2445,3859,3898]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="364">slightly</emphasis>
larger than males (42-1 mm mean). Dorsal fur of the Gray Sac-winged Bat is
<emphasis id="B908EAF6FFC04C0BF76C3A3FF6B8F086" box="[2249,2368,3912,3951]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="364">smoky</emphasis>
brown but often yellowish at base of tail membrane; venter is paler, with hairs
<emphasis id="B908EAF6FFC04C0BF70C3A0AF6E5F04D" box="[2217,2333,3965,4004]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="364">faintly</emphasis>
tipped
<emphasis id="B908EAF6FFC04C0BF60F3A0AF5F1F04D" box="[2474,2569,3965,4004]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="364">bufiy</emphasis>
brown along belly and flanks.
<emphasis id="B908EAF6FFC04C0BF39B3A0AF34AF04D" box="[3134,3250,3965,4004]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="364">Wings</emphasis>
are brown-bordered, with white particularly between foot and fifth
<emphasis id="B908EAF6FFC04C0BF4E33AC5F44EF030" box="[2886,2998,4018,4057]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="364">finger</emphasis>
. Legs and forearms are pinkish.
<emphasis id="B908EAF6FFC04C0BF8673A91F7DFEFE4" box="[1986,2087,4070,4109]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="364">Wing</emphasis>
sacs open toward body and do not extend to edges ofwings. Dental formula of the three species of
<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D67FFC04C0BF74E256CF61BEFAB" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1867" box="[2283,2531,4123,4162]" class="Mammalia" family="Emballonuridae" genus="Balantiopteryx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="364" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B908EAF6FFC04C0BF74E256CF61BEFAB" box="[2283,2531,4123,4162]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="364">Balantiopteryx</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is 11/3, C 1/1, P 2/2, M 3/3 (
<emphasis id="B908EAF6FFC04C0BF3BD256CF3C8EFAB" box="[3096,3120,4123,4162]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="364">x</emphasis>
2) = 32.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C366656FFFC04C14F8DE2527F90EFC25" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="365" pageId="15" pageNumber="364" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="8BC336E4FFC04C0BF8DE2527F514EF45" pageId="15" pageNumber="364">
<emphasis id="B908EAF6FFC04C0BF8DE2527F7F2EF9E" box="[1915,2058,4176,4215]" pageId="15" pageNumber="364">Habitat</emphasis>
. Deciduous forests, dry thorn scrub, and less
<emphasis id="B908EAF6FFC04C0BF4112527F387EF9E" box="[2996,3199,4176,4215]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="364">commonly</emphasis>
evergreen moist forests from sea level to elevations of
<emphasis id="B908EAF6FFC04C0BF59D25F2F5B4EF45" box="[2616,2636,4229,4268]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="364">c</emphasis>
.1500 m.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC336E4FFC04C0BF8DE25CDF389EF08" box="[1915,3185,4282,4321]" pageId="15" pageNumber="364">
<emphasis id="B908EAF6FFC04C0BF8DE25CDF72BEF08" box="[1915,2259,4282,4321]" pageId="15" pageNumber="364">
<emphasis id="B908EAF6FFC04C0BF8DE25CDF827EF08" bold="true" box="[1915,2015,4282,4321]" pageId="15" pageNumber="364">Food</emphasis>
and
<emphasis id="B908EAF6FFC04C0BF79F25CDF72BEF08" bold="true" box="[2106,2259,4282,4321]" pageId="15" pageNumber="364">Feeding</emphasis>
</emphasis>
. The Gray Sac-winged Bat
<emphasis id="B908EAF6FFC04C0BF56825CDF4D7EF08" box="[2765,2863,4282,4321]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="364">preys</emphasis>
on aerial
<emphasis id="B908EAF6FFC04C0BF44825CDF394EF08" box="[3053,3180,4282,4321]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="364">insects</emphasis>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC336E4FFC04C0BF8DE2598F7ADEE68" pageId="15" pageNumber="364">
<emphasis id="B908EAF6FFC04C0BF8DE2598F7CAEEFF" bold="true" box="[1915,2098,4335,4374]" pageId="15" pageNumber="364">
<emphasis id="B908EAF6FFC04C0BF8DE2598F7D2EEFF" box="[1915,2090,4335,4374]" pageId="15" pageNumber="364">Breeding</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Gray Sac-winged Bats are bom in May-July in Mexico and lateJune in Costa Rica, well after the start of
<emphasis id="B908EAF6FFC04C0BF6DA2454F627EEA3" box="[2431,2527,4387,4426]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="364">rainy</emphasis>
season. Females
<emphasis id="B908EAF6FFC04C0BF4822454F48AEEA3" box="[2855,2930,4387,4426]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="364">give</emphasis>
birth to one young, apparently once a year.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC336E4FFC04C14F8DD24FAFA61FD11" lastBlockId="16.[166,1787,349,1290]" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="365" pageId="15" pageNumber="364">
<emphasis id="B908EAF6FFC04C0BF8DD24FAF745EE5D" bold="true" box="[1912,2237,4493,4532]" pageId="15" pageNumber="364">Activity patterns.</emphasis>
Gray Sac-winged Bats are crepuscular and roost in dim light near entrances of caves, mines, and tunnels; under overhanging large boulders; and in tree hollows and buildings including outdoor, shaded stairwells in close proximity to human foot traffic. Flight emergence begins a little before sunset, and individuals fly above canopies and forage with long, straight sallies and rapid dives to chase aerial insects.
<emphasis id="B908EAF6FFDF4C14FEE034B0FE5EFE07" box="[325,422,455,494]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="365">Early</emphasis>
flight above relatively low, open canopies of deciduous forests can easily be observed. Calls with principle energy in second harmonic, start with 42- kHz narrowband component that drops
<emphasis id="B908EAF6FFDF4C14FC1D3745FBC6FDB0" box="[952,1086,562,601]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="365">slightly</emphasis>
by 1-1-5 kHz at 39-kHz broadband. Mean call duration is 12 milliseconds. Terminal drop in
<emphasis id="B908EAF6FFDF4C14FB793711FA63FD64" box="[1244,1435,614,653]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="365">frequency</emphasis>
over a broadband facilitates targeting approaches to flying insects, and
<emphasis id="B908EAF6FFDF4C14FB1337EBFAA7FD2A" box="[1206,1375,668,707]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="365">relatively</emphasis>
long call duration is indicative of foraging in open areas rather than close to vegetation.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC336E4FFDF4C14FF023671F90EFC25" blockId="16.[166,1787,349,1290]" pageId="16" pageNumber="365">
<emphasis id="B908EAF6FFDF4C14FF023671FBC2FCC4" bold="true" box="[167,1082,774,813]" pageId="16" pageNumber="365">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
Groups of Gray Sac-winged Bats often gather in night roosts central to foraging areas, including under bridges. Group size is usually greater than 50 individuals, and male—female sex ratio is c.3:1. When approached, Gray Sac-winged Bats
<emphasis id="B908EAF6FFDF4C14FD9036D2FD90FC25" box="[565,616,933,972]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="365">lay</emphasis>
their ears back, like a dog, and back away deeper into the roost.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C366656FFFDF4C14FF0236ADFB83FB49" pageId="16" pageNumber="365" type="conservation">
<paragraph id="8BC336E4FFDF4C14FF0236ADFB83FB49" blockId="16.[166,1787,349,1290]" pageId="16" pageNumber="365">
<emphasis id="B908EAF6FFDF4C14FF0236ADFD71FBE8" box="[167,649,986,1025]" pageId="16" pageNumber="365">
Status
<emphasis id="B908EAF6FFDF4C14FE8836ADFD71FBE8" bold="true" box="[301,649,986,1025]" pageId="16" pageNumber="365">and Conservation</emphasis>
</emphasis>
. Classified as Least Concern on
<emphasis id="B908EAF6FFDF4C14FA8F36ADF96DFBE8" box="[1322,1685,986,1025]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="365">The IUCN Red List.</emphasis>
The Gray Sac-winged Bat has a large distribution and presumably large and
<emphasis id="B908EAF6FFDF4C14F9F73178F902FBDF" box="[1618,1786,1039,1078]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="365">relatively</emphasis>
stable population, and it occurs in protected areas. Threats include habitat loss and vandalism and fire caused
<emphasis id="B908EAF6FFDF4C14FD3E310EFD30FB49" box="[667,712,1145,1184]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="365">by</emphasis>
humans in roost caves.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C366656FFFDF4C14FF0D31C3F976FAED" pageId="16" pageNumber="365" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BC336E4FFDF4C14FF0D31C3F976FAED" blockId="16.[166,1787,349,1290]" pageId="16" pageNumber="365">
<emphasis id="B908EAF6FFDF4C14FF0D31C3FE8EFB26" bold="true" box="[168,374,1204,1231]" pageId="16" pageNumber="365">Bibliography.</emphasis>
Arroyo-Cabrales &amp; Jones (1988a), Bradbury &amp; Vehrencamp (1976
<emphasis id="B908EAF6FFDF4C14FA9E31C3FAB2FB26" box="[1339,1354,1204,1231]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="365">a</emphasis>
, 1976b), Burt (1948), Hood &amp; Gardner (2008),
<emphasis id="B908EAF6FFDF4C14FE3C319EFE0FFAED" box="[409,503,1257,1284]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="365">Ibänez</emphasis>
et al. (2002), Lopez-Forment (1976), Reid (2009), Solari et al. (2013),
<emphasis id="B908EAF6FFDF4C14FA42319EF9DAFAED" box="[1511,1570,1257,1284]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="365">Villa</emphasis>
(1967).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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