327 lines
42 KiB
XML
327 lines
42 KiB
XML
<document id="E087EF9508AF85B16E5E9830D0CD2E5B" ID-CLB-Dataset="8839" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4906.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="308129a3-a99f-4012-bb41-d3220692c398" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4434000" ID-ZooBank="09383AAD-8E30-4E50-A533-C6DA4D00E33C" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_approvedBy="tatiana" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="tatiana" checkinTime="1610443640918" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Lobato-Vila, Irene & Pujade-Villar, Juli" docDate="2021" docId="03BF702A955BFFA2FDE5FAA47666FC82" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4906.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4906 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Synergus villosus Gillette 1891" docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="97" masterDocId="FF8608529505FFC2FD72FF84736DFE73" masterDocTitle="The genus Synergus Hartig (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Synergini) in the New World: a complete taxonomic revision with a key to species" masterLastPageNumber="121" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="95" updateTime="1701082448047" updateUser="tatiana">
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<mods:mods id="2368DE17ACE9341C201E5597E0F53DDA" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="99445999AEAAB5AD25BB0C243D171E64">
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<mods:title id="E0F1CD16B20706477252D344F2C43B24">The genus Synergus Hartig (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Synergini) in the New World: a complete taxonomic revision with a key to species</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="BD2DD2EA0C8218CA46E3BFB4E85AD5AD" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="34DA87B04BAA2C2D9E0319D408B0A794">Lobato-Vila, Irene</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="6CBDF3C57EDD25F13F9CA3875EAAC147">Pujade-Villar, Juli</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="16DE33B11A0787BB79AB235B8079291E" type="email">jpujade@ub.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="81E625FAA660943BBB3C46E06A337E35">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="EFCF548869AD6FE92EAA5279F98AF28D">
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<mods:date id="4A886D6C10759CAF9A4E9474E58F8B92">2021</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="F66817B098D1191301CC96B34B2445B1">2021-01-12</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="E15276FBACCAF12BD0958B99C60EBA3D" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="880C877FF5B43EF6439780100B6E3842">4906</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="135F28DA9808C32A90F9308B9A0679C9" type="CLB-Dataset">8839</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="130011387F305DA82C1C36FBF39BF72D" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4906.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="7B838946E8BC62C82926F7F528D5EB81" type="GBIF-Dataset">308129a3-a99f-4012-bb41-d3220692c398</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="00C4C66734BE67A839FEE746AE256E09" type="Zenodo-Dep">4434000</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03BF702A955BFFA2FDE5FAA47666FC82" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4433994" ID-GBIF-Taxon="177005136" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4433994" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03BF702A955BFFA2FDE5FAA47666FC82" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03BF702A955BFFA2FDE5FAA47666FC82" lastPageId="96" lastPageNumber="97" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">
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<subSubSection id="C30C92B7955BFF9CFDE5FAA47175FB49" box="[151,536,1311,1338]" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BA9C13C955BFF9CFDE5FAA47175FB49" blockId="94.[151,536,1311,1374]" box="[151,536,1311,1338]" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">
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<heading id="D0E17650955BFF9CFDE5FAA47175FB49" bold="true" box="[151,536,1311,1338]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" reason="4">
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<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF955BFF9CFDE5FAA47175FB49" authority="Gillette, 1891" authorityName="Gillette" authorityYear="1891" box="[151,536,1311,1338]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="villosus">
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<emphasis id="B9621D2E955BFF9CFDE5FAA47175FB49" bold="true" box="[151,536,1311,1338]" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">
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<emphasis id="B9621D2E955BFF9CFDE5FAA47207FB49" bold="true" box="[151,362,1311,1338]" italics="true" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">Synergus villosus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF87BCCD955BFF9CFC00FAA47175FB49" author="Gillette, C. P." box="[370,536,1312,1338]" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" pagination="191 - 206" refId="ref102899" refString="Gillette, C. P. (1891) Description of new Cynipidae in the collection of the Illinois State Laboratory of Natural History. Bulletin of the Illinois State Laboratory of Natural History, 3, 191 - 206. https: // doi. org / 10.21900 / j. inhs. v 3.193" type="journal article" year="1891">Gillette, 1891</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C30C92B7955BFF9CFDE5FAC0727BFB2D" box="[151,278,1348,1374]" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BA9C13C955BFF9CFDE5FAC0727BFB2D" blockId="94.[151,536,1311,1374]" box="[151,278,1348,1374]" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">
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(
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<figureCitation id="132DDDB9955BFF9CFDEDFAC07263FB2D" box="[159,270,1348,1374]" captionStart="FIGURE 38" captionStartId="95.[151,250,1950,1974]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,1317,1927]" captionTargetId="figure-516@95.[151,1436,1317,1927]" captionTargetPageId="95" captionText="FIGURE 38. Synergus villosus (lectotype, USNMENT 00802410): a) lateral habitus; b) dorsal habitus; c) head in frontal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4434102" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4434102/files/figure.png" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">Figure 38</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C30C92B7955BFF9CFDE5FA0D7745FBD2" box="[151,1064,1416,1441]" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BA9C13C955BFF9CFDE5FA0D7745FBD2" blockId="94.[151,1064,1416,1441]" box="[151,1064,1416,1441]" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">
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<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF955BFF9CFDE5FA0D72B1FBD2" authority="Gillette, 1891" authorityName="Gillette" authorityYear="1891" box="[151,476,1416,1441]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="villosus">
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<emphasis id="B9621D2E955BFF9CFDE5FA0D722BFBD3" box="[151,326,1416,1440]" italics="true" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">Synergus villosus</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="3B7ECB61955BFF9CFC3FFA0C72B1FBD2" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3019422431" box="[333,476,1416,1441]" collectionCode="USNM" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" specimenCount="1">
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<bibRefCitation id="EF87BCCD955BFF9CFC3FFA0C72B1FBD2" author="Gillette, C. P." box="[333,476,1416,1441]" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" pagination="191 - 206" refId="ref102899" refString="Gillette, C. P. (1891) Description of new Cynipidae in the collection of the Illinois State Laboratory of Natural History. Bulletin of the Illinois State Laboratory of Natural History, 3, 191 - 206. https: // doi. org / 10.21900 / j. inhs. v 3.193" type="journal article" year="1891">Gillette, 1891</bibRefCitation>
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</materialsCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Bull. State Lab. Nat. Hist. 3: 202.
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<typeStatus id="54AD7F9E955BFF9CFE4DFA0D701CFBD2" box="[831,881,1417,1441]" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">Type</typeStatus>
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material: USNM.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C30C92B7955BFF9CFDE5FA4B727EF809" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BA9C13C955BFF9CFDE5FA4B727EF809" blockId="94.[151,1437,1486,2018]" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">
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<emphasis id="B9621D2E955BFF9CFDE5FA4B72A7FB9B" bold="true" box="[151,458,1486,1513]" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">Type material (examined)</emphasis>
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.
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<materialsCitation id="3B7ECB61955BFF9CFCA5FA4B71D4F825" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3019422333" collectionCode="USNM" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" typeStatus="lectotype">
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<typeStatus id="54AD7F9E955BFF9CFCA5FA4B711AFB9A" box="[471,631,1487,1513]" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" type="lectotype">LECTOTYPE</typeStatus>
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<specimenCount id="9D100AB5955BFF9CFF0FFA4B71FFFB9A" box="[637,658,1487,1513]" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
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with the following labels: ‘
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<collectorName id="26E3A4EA955BFF9CFEB3FA4B7767FB9A" box="[961,1034,1487,1513]" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">Mich’</collectorName>
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(white label) / ‘
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<collectorName id="26E3A4EA955BFF9CF9C4FA4B767AFB9A" box="[1206,1303,1487,1513]" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">Ac. Cat.</collectorName>
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224’ (white label) / ‘
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<collectorName id="26E3A4EA955BFF9CFD85FA77723FF87E" box="[247,338,1523,1549]" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">Gillette’</collectorName>
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(white label) / ‘12’ (white label, handwritten) / ‘
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<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF955BFF9CFE04FA777754F87E" authorityName="Gillette" authorityYear="1891" box="[886,1081,1523,1549]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="villosus">
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<emphasis id="B9621D2E955BFF9CFE04FA777754F87E" box="[886,1081,1523,1549]" italics="true" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">Synergus villosus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<collectorName id="26E3A4EA955BFF9CF94DFA777714F87E" box="[1087,1145,1523,1549]" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">Type</collectorName>
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, n.sp.’ (white label, handwritten) / ‘na
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<collectorName id="26E3A4EA955BFF9CFC5DF9937237F842" box="[303,346,1559,1585]" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">Gil’</collectorName>
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(white label, handwritten) / ‘
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<collectorName id="26E3A4EA955BFF9CFFEEF992719DF842" box="[668,752,1558,1585]" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">AccNo</collectorName>
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71950,
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<collectionCode id="ED0759F9955BFF9CFE36F99370F8F842" box="[836,917,1559,1585]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
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to be loaned only to ColoAgCol’ (white label) / ‘USNMENT 00802410’ (white label, QR code)
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</materialsCitation>
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/ ‘
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<typeStatus id="54AD7F9E955BFF9CFFA0F9BF702AF826" box="[722,839,1595,1621]" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
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<specimenCount id="9D100AB5955BFF9CFE3CF9BF700EF826" box="[846,867,1595,1621]" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
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<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF955BFF9CFE18F9BF77A2F826" authority="Gillette, 1891" authorityName="Gillette" authorityYear="1891" box="[874,1231,1595,1621]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="villosus">
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<emphasis id="B9621D2E955BFF9CFE18F9BF7741F826" box="[874,1068,1595,1621]" italics="true" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">Synergus villosus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF87BCCD955BFF9CF941F9BF77A2F826" author="Gillette, C. P." box="[1075,1231,1595,1621]" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" pagination="191 - 206" refId="ref102899" refString="Gillette, C. P. (1891) Description of new Cynipidae in the collection of the Illinois State Laboratory of Natural History. Bulletin of the Illinois State Laboratory of Natural History, 3, 191 - 206. https: // doi. org / 10.21900 / j. inhs. v 3.193" type="journal article" year="1891">Gillette, 1891</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, IL-V desig-2017’ (red label).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C30C92B7955BFF9DFDB5F906774EFE8A" lastPageId="95" lastPageNumber="96" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BA9C13C955BFF9DFDB5F906774EFE8A" blockId="94.[151,1437,1486,2018]" lastBlockId="95.[151,1437,151,1293]" lastPageId="95" lastPageNumber="96" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">
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<emphasis id="B9621D2E955BFF9CFDB5F9067257F8EF" bold="true" box="[199,314,1666,1692]" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">Diagnosis</emphasis>
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.
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<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF955BFF9CFC38F9077163F8EE" authorityName="Gillette" authorityYear="1891" box="[330,526,1667,1693]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="villosus">
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<emphasis id="B9621D2E955BFF9CFC38F9077163F8EE" box="[330,526,1667,1693]" italics="true" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">Synergus villosus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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belongs to a group of species characterized by having the mesopleuron entirely sculptured, including the speculum; hyaline wings and radial cell of fore wing at most 2.5 times as long as wide; POL longer than OOL; F1 as long as F2 and female antenna with 14 segments, rarely 15; mesoscutum with transversal carinae, interspaces sculptured; notauli complete, reaching the posterior margin of pronotum; tarsal claws bidentate, with a basal lobe; first metasomal segment completely sulcate dorsally and laterally; and syntergum posteriorly with a band of micropunctures.
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<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF955BFF9CFC8BF8B371D6F922" authorityName="Gillette" authorityYear="1891" box="[505,699,1847,1873]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="villosus">
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<emphasis id="B9621D2E955BFF9CFC8BF8B371D6F922" box="[505,699,1847,1873]" italics="true" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">Synergus villosus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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differs from the rest of species sharing these traits (
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<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF955BFF9CF989F8B37617F922" authorityName="Ashmead" authorityYear="1885" box="[1275,1402,1847,1873]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ficigerae">
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<emphasis id="B9621D2E955BFF9CF989F8B37617F922" box="[1275,1402,1847,1873]" italics="true" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">S. ficigerae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF955BFF9CF8F5F8B37382F906" authorityName="Fullaway" authorityYear="1911" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ochreus">
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<emphasis id="B9621D2E955BFF9CF8F5F8B37382F906" italics="true" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">S. ochreus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<emphasis id="B9621D2E955BFF9CFD8EF8DF713DF906" box="[252,592,1883,1909]" italics="true" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF955BFF9CFD8EF8DF72E3F906" authorityName="Gillette" authorityYear="1896" box="[252,398,1883,1909]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="duricorius">S. duricorius</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF955BFF9CFCEBF8DF713DF906" authorityName="Lobato-Vila & Pujade-Villar" authorityYear="2021" box="[409,592,1883,1909]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="beutenmulleri">S. beutenmulleri</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF955BFF9CFF2FF8DF71D5F906" authorityName="Lobato-Vila & Pujade-Villar" authorityYear="2021" box="[605,696,1883,1909]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="linnei">
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<emphasis id="B9621D2E955BFF9CFF2FF8DF71D5F906" box="[605,696,1883,1909]" italics="true" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">S. linnei</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF955BFF9CFFB7F8DF7051F907" authorityName="Gillette" authorityYear="1896" box="[709,828,1883,1909]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="erinacei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621D2E955BFF9CFFB7F8DF7051F907" box="[709,828,1883,1909]" italics="true" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">S. erinacei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF955BFF9CFE3BF8DF7098F907" box="[841,1013,1883,1909]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigroornatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621D2E955BFF9CFE3BF8DF7098F907" box="[841,1013,1883,1909]" italics="true" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">S. nigroornatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF955BFF9CF970F8DF7712F907" authorityName="Walsh" authorityYear="1864" baseAuthorityName="Harris" baseAuthorityYear="1841" box="[1026,1151,1883,1909]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oneratus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621D2E955BFF9CF970F8DF7712F907" box="[1026,1151,1883,1909]" italics="true" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">S. oneratus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF955BFF9CF9C6F8DF7673F906" authorityName="McCracken & Egbert" authorityYear="1922" box="[1204,1310,1883,1909]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rutulus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621D2E955BFF9CF9C6F8DF7673F906" box="[1204,1310,1883,1909]" italics="true" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">S. rutulus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) by having lateral pronotum coriaceous, without transversal carinae nor wrinkles (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132DDDB9955BFF9CFEC2F8FB7763F9EA" box="[944,1038,1919,1945]" captionStart="FIGURE 38" captionStartId="95.[151,250,1950,1974]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,1317,1927]" captionTargetId="figure-516@95.[151,1436,1317,1927]" captionTargetPageId="95" captionText="FIGURE 38. Synergus villosus (lectotype, USNMENT 00802410): a) lateral habitus; b) dorsal habitus; c) head in frontal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4434102" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4434102/files/figure.png" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">Fig. 38a</figureCitation>
|
||
) (wrinkled or carinated, sometimes coriaceous but at least with some carinae or wrinkles ventrally in the rest of species); mesoscutum weakly sculptured, imbricated, without carinae nor transversal elements, with some punctures (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132DDDB9955BFF9CF954F84377E8F991" box="[1062,1157,1991,2018]" captionStart="FIGURE 38" captionStartId="95.[151,250,1950,1974]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,1317,1927]" captionTargetId="figure-516@95.[151,1436,1317,1927]" captionTargetPageId="95" captionText="FIGURE 38. Synergus villosus (lectotype, USNMENT 00802410): a) lateral habitus; b) dorsal habitus; c) head in frontal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4434102" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4434102/files/figure.png" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">Fig. 38b</figureCitation>
|
||
) (strongly or weakly, but always densely, transversely carinated, rarely coriaceous with weak transversal elements not forming true carinae in the rest of species); speculum medially with a small smooth spot (without a smooth spot in the rest of species); and female antenna with 15 segments (
|
||
<quantity id="4CEE6CD9955AFF9DFF6EFF5B713BFE8A" box="[540,598,223,249]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.556" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" unit="in" value="14.0">14 in</quantity>
|
||
the rest of species, except in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF955AFF9DFEEDFF5B777EFE8A" authorityName="Fullaway" authorityYear="1911" box="[927,1043,223,249]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ochreus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621D2E955AFF9DFEEDFF5B777EFE8A" box="[927,1043,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">S. ochreus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C30C92B7955AFFA2FDB5FE8672F2FFDE" lastPageId="96" lastPageNumber="97" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA9C13C955AFF9DFDB5FE867200FF6F" blockId="95.[151,1437,151,1293]" box="[199,365,258,284]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621D2E955AFF9DFDB5FE867200FF6F" bold="true" box="[199,365,258,284]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">Redescription</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA9C13C955AFF9DFDB5FEA2719CFF32" blockId="95.[151,1437,151,1293]" box="[199,753,294,321]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621D2E955AFF9DFDB5FEA272CEFF32" bold="true" box="[199,419,294,321]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">FEMALE. Length</emphasis>
|
||
. Body length
|
||
<quantity id="4CEE6CD9955AFF9DFF33FEA371FAFF32" box="[577,663,295,321]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" unit="mm" value="2.1">2.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
(n = 1).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA9C13C955AFF9DFDB5FECE702BFFDE" blockId="95.[151,1437,151,1293]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621D2E955AFF9DFDB5FECE7266FF17" bold="true" box="[199,267,330,356]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">Color</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="132DDDB9955AFF9DFC6FFECF7219FF16" box="[285,372,331,357]" captionStart="FIGURE 38" captionStartId="95.[151,250,1950,1974]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,1317,1927]" captionTargetId="figure-516@95.[151,1436,1317,1927]" captionTargetPageId="95" captionText="FIGURE 38. Synergus villosus (lectotype, USNMENT 00802410): a) lateral habitus; b) dorsal habitus; c) head in frontal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4434102" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4434102/files/figure.png" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">Fig. 38</figureCitation>
|
||
). Black and yellow. Lower face and gena, yellow; frons, vertex medially and occiput, black. Antenna yellow. Mesosoma black; tegulae, yellow. Metasoma yellow lateroventrally and posteriorly, black dorsally and laterodorsally. Legs yellow. Wings hyaline, veins yellow.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA9C13C955AFF9DFDB5FE337666FCBE" blockId="95.[151,1437,151,1293]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621D2E955AFF9DFDB5FE33726AFFA2" bold="true" box="[199,263,439,465]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">Head</emphasis>
|
||
. In frontal view (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132DDDB9955AFF9DFCBBFE33714BFFA2" box="[457,550,439,465]" captionStart="FIGURE 38" captionStartId="95.[151,250,1950,1974]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,1317,1927]" captionTargetId="figure-516@95.[151,1436,1317,1927]" captionTargetPageId="95" captionText="FIGURE 38. Synergus villosus (lectotype, USNMENT 00802410): a) lateral habitus; b) dorsal habitus; c) head in frontal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4434102" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4434102/files/figure.png" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">Fig. 38c</figureCitation>
|
||
) subtrapezoid, about 1.2 times as wide as high, gena not broadened behind eye. Face faintly pubescent, lower face with striae radiating from clypeus. Clypeus indistinct, ventral margin straight, not projected over mandibles. Malar space about 0.5 times as long as height of eye. Anterior tentorial pits visible; pleurostomal and epistomal sulcus absent. Transfacial line slightly shorter than height of eye. Toruli situated midheight of eye; distance between torulus and eye as long as diameter of torulus; distance between toruli as long as diameter of toruli. Frons (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132DDDB9955AFF9DFCD3FDEF7293FCF6" box="[417,510,619,645]" captionStart="FIGURE 38" captionStartId="95.[151,250,1950,1974]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,1317,1927]" captionTargetId="figure-516@95.[151,1436,1317,1927]" captionTargetPageId="95" captionText="FIGURE 38. Synergus villosus (lectotype, USNMENT 00802410): a) lateral habitus; b) dorsal habitus; c) head in frontal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4434102" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4434102/files/figure.png" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">Fig. 38c</figureCitation>
|
||
) finely coriaceous and punctate; frontal carinae narrow and weak, branched before reaching lateral ocelli. Head in dorsal view is about 2.0 times as wide as long. Vertex finely coriaceous and punctate. POL: OOL: LOL = 16: 9: 8 and diameter of lateral ocelli, 7. Occiput weakly coriaceous and punctate.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA9C13C955AFF9DFDB5FD527252FD2E" blockId="95.[151,1437,151,1293]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621D2E955AFF9DFDB5FD527243FC83" bold="true" box="[199,302,726,752]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">Antenna</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="132DDDB9955AFF9DFC4DFD5372C9FC81" box="[319,420,727,754]" captionStart="FIGURE 38" captionStartId="95.[151,250,1950,1974]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,1317,1927]" captionTargetId="figure-516@95.[151,1436,1317,1927]" captionTargetPageId="95" captionText="FIGURE 38. Synergus villosus (lectotype, USNMENT 00802410): a) lateral habitus; b) dorsal habitus; c) head in frontal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4434102" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4434102/files/figure.png" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">Fig. 38b</figureCitation>
|
||
). 15-segmented; filiform, nearly as long as the body, not broadened apically; pubescence dense and short. Scape plus pedicel slightly shorter than F1; pedicel 1.5 times as long as wide; F1 and F2 subequal; the following segments progressively shorter. Last flagellar segment about 3.0 times as long as wide and 1.7 times as long as F12.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA9C13C955AFF9DFDB5FCE370EBFA9A" blockId="95.[151,1437,151,1293]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621D2E955AFF9DFDB5FCE37228FDF2" bold="true" box="[199,325,871,897]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">Mesosoma</emphasis>
|
||
. About 1.2 times as long as high in lateral view, including nucha, with short and not dense pubescence (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132DDDB9955AFF9DFD95FC0F7227FDD6" box="[231,330,907,933]" captionStart="FIGURE 38" captionStartId="95.[151,250,1950,1974]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,1317,1927]" captionTargetId="figure-516@95.[151,1436,1317,1927]" captionTargetPageId="95" captionText="FIGURE 38. Synergus villosus (lectotype, USNMENT 00802410): a) lateral habitus; b) dorsal habitus; c) head in frontal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4434102" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4434102/files/figure.png" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">Fig. 38a</figureCitation>
|
||
). Ratio of length of pronotum medially/laterally: 0.28. Pronotal plate indistinct. Lateral pronotum coriaceous; lateral carina absent, lateral margins of pronotum rounded seen from above. Mesoscutum (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132DDDB9955AFF9DF840FC2B76F9FDB9" box="[1330,1428,943,970]" captionStart="FIGURE 38" captionStartId="95.[151,250,1950,1974]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,1317,1927]" captionTargetId="figure-516@95.[151,1436,1317,1927]" captionTargetPageId="95" captionText="FIGURE 38. Synergus villosus (lectotype, USNMENT 00802410): a) lateral habitus; b) dorsal habitus; c) head in frontal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4434102" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4434102/files/figure.png" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">Fig. 38b</figureCitation>
|
||
) about 1.2 times as wide as long, imbricated, glabrous and shining, with some punctures; anterior parallel lines shallow, reaching 1/3 of the mesoscutum; notauli complete and well impressed in their whole length, wider and convergent posteriorly; median mesoscutal line weakly impressed but visible, reaching almost 1/3 of the mesoscutal length; parapsidal lines weakly impressed, almost inconspicuous. Mesoscutellum (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132DDDB9955AFF9DF947FBBB77F8FA29" box="[1077,1173,1087,1114]" captionStart="FIGURE 38" captionStartId="95.[151,250,1950,1974]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,1317,1927]" captionTargetId="figure-516@95.[151,1436,1317,1927]" captionTargetPageId="95" captionText="FIGURE 38. Synergus villosus (lectotype, USNMENT 00802410): a) lateral habitus; b) dorsal habitus; c) head in frontal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4434102" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4434102/files/figure.png" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">Fig. 38b</figureCitation>
|
||
) about as long as wide, wrinkled; circumscutellar carina weak but visible, obscured by wrinkles; scutellar foveae ovate, shallow, weakly sculptured bottom, the posterior margin not well defined and separated by a narrow carina. Mesopleuron ventrally regularly striated, anteriorly reticulated, speculum striated, medially with a smooth spot. Metapleural sulcus reaching 3/4 of mesopleural height. Nucha sulcate dorsally and laterally.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA9C13C955AFF9DFDB5FB7771DDFB7E" blockId="95.[151,1437,151,1293]" box="[199,688,1267,1293]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621D2E955AFF9DFDB5FB777392FB7E" bold="true" box="[199,255,1267,1293]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">Legs</emphasis>
|
||
. Tarsal claws with a strong basal lobe.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF6991B4955AFF9DFDE5F81A73A3F9A9" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4434102" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4434102" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4434102/files/figure.png" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" startId="95.[151,250,1950,1974]" targetBox="[151,1436,1317,1927]" targetPageId="95">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA9C13C955AFF9DFDE5F81A73A3F9A9" blockId="95.[151,1437,1950,2010]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621D2E955AFF9DFDE5F81A724EF9C5" bold="true" box="[151,291,1950,1974]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">FIGURE 38.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF955AFF9DFC5FF81A728DF9C5" authorityName="Gillette" authorityYear="1891" box="[301,480,1950,1974]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="villosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621D2E955AFF9DFC5FF81A728DF9C5" box="[301,480,1950,1974]" italics="true" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">Synergus villosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(lectotype, USNMENT 00802410): a) lateral habitus; b) dorsal habitus; c) head in frontal view.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA9C13C9565FFA2FDB5FF1271D4FE8A" blockId="96.[151,1437,150,753]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9565FFA2FDB5FF12727EFEC3" bold="true" box="[199,275,150,176]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Wings</emphasis>
|
||
. Fore wing pubescent with short marginal setae, slightly longer than the body length (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132DDDB99565FFA2F9ACFF137652FEC2" box="[1246,1343,151,177]" captionStart="FIGURE 38" captionStartId="95.[151,250,1950,1974]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,1317,1927]" captionTargetId="figure-516@95.[151,1436,1317,1927]" captionTargetPageId="95" captionText="FIGURE 38. Synergus villosus (lectotype, USNMENT 00802410): a) lateral habitus; b) dorsal habitus; c) head in frontal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4434102" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4434102/files/figure.png" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Fig. 38a</figureCitation>
|
||
). Radial cell closed, about 2.5 times as long as wide; areolet small, almost indistinct. Rs+M inconspicuous, not reaching the basal vein. Basal cell with sparsely spaced setae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA9C13C9565FFA2FDB5FE8776F7FFFA" blockId="96.[151,1437,150,753]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9565FFA2FDB5FE87722EFF6E" bold="true" box="[199,323,259,285]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Metasoma</emphasis>
|
||
. About as long as head plus mesosoma and about 1.3 times as long as high in lateral view (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132DDDB99565FFA2F842FE8776FDFF6E" box="[1328,1424,259,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 38" captionStartId="95.[151,250,1950,1974]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,1317,1927]" captionTargetId="figure-516@95.[151,1436,1317,1927]" captionTargetPageId="95" captionText="FIGURE 38. Synergus villosus (lectotype, USNMENT 00802410): a) lateral habitus; b) dorsal habitus; c) head in frontal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4434102" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4434102/files/figure.png" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Fig. 38a</figureCitation>
|
||
). First metasomal segment sulcate dorsally and laterally. Syntergum smooth, anterolateral pubescence composed of a few setae and posteriorly with a very narrow band of micropunctures extended at most 1/6 its length; strongly dorsodistally incised, not pointed. Hypopygial spine as long as wide and with a few lateral setae; without apical setae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA9C13C9565FFA2FDB5FE1672F2FFDE" blockId="96.[151,1437,150,753]" box="[199,415,402,429]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9565FFA2FDB5FE16724FFFDE" bold="true" box="[199,290,402,429]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">MALE.</emphasis>
|
||
Unknown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C30C92B79565FFA2FDB5FE3271F7FFA2" box="[199,666,438,465]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA9C13C9565FFA2FDB5FE3271F7FFA2" blockId="96.[151,1437,150,753]" box="[199,666,438,465]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9565FFA2FDB5FE327234FFA3" bold="true" box="[199,345,438,464]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Distribution</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30181AC9565FFA2FC15FE3372CEFFA2" box="[359,419,439,465]" name="United States of America" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49D20FDE9565FFA2FCDCFE33728BFFA2" box="[430,486,439,465]" country="United States of America" name="Iowa" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Iowa</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF87BCCD9565FFA2FC85FE3371E3FFA2" author="Gillette, C. P." box="[503,654,439,465]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" pagination="191 - 206" refId="ref102899" refString="Gillette, C. P. (1891) Description of new Cynipidae in the collection of the Illinois State Laboratory of Natural History. Bulletin of the Illinois State Laboratory of Natural History, 3, 191 - 206. https: // doi. org / 10.21900 / j. inhs. v 3.193" type="journal article" year="1891">Gillette 1891</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C30C92B79565FFA2FDB5FE5E774BFF86" box="[199,1062,474,501]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA9C13C9565FFA2FDB5FE5E774BFF86" blockId="96.[151,1437,150,753]" box="[199,1062,474,501]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9565FFA2FDB5FE5E724CFF87" bold="true" box="[199,289,474,500]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Biology</emphasis>
|
||
. Reared from galls of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF9565FFA2FF6FFE5F774FFF86" authority="Gillette, 1888" authorityName="Gillette" authorityYear="1888" box="[541,1058,475,501]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Acraspis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="villosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9565FFA2FF6FFE5F71BCFF86" box="[541,721,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Acraspis villosa</emphasis>
|
||
Gillette, 1888 (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF87BCCD9565FFA2FEF0FE5F7774FF86" author="Gillette, C. P." box="[898,1049,475,501]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" pagination="191 - 206" refId="ref102899" refString="Gillette, C. P. (1891) Description of new Cynipidae in the collection of the Illinois State Laboratory of Natural History. Bulletin of the Illinois State Laboratory of Natural History, 3, 191 - 206. https: // doi. org / 10.21900 / j. inhs. v 3.193" type="journal article" year="1891">Gillette 1891</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C30C92B79565FFA2FDB5FE7B7666FC82" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA9C13C9565FFA2FDB5FE7B71FFFCDA" blockId="96.[151,1437,150,753]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9565FFA2FDB5FE7B7259FC6A" bold="true" box="[199,308,511,537]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF9565FFA2FC33FE7B716EFC6A" authorityName="Gillette" authorityYear="1891" box="[321,515,511,537]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="villosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9565FFA2FC33FE7B716EFC6A" box="[321,515,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Synergus villosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was described from two specimens (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF87BCCD9565FFA2FEEFFE7B7706FC6A" author="Gillette, C. P." box="[925,1131,511,537]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" pagination="191 - 206" refId="ref102899" refString="Gillette, C. P. (1891) Description of new Cynipidae in the collection of the Illinois State Laboratory of Natural History. Bulletin of the Illinois State Laboratory of Natural History, 3, 191 - 206. https: // doi. org / 10.21900 / j. inhs. v 3.193" type="journal article" year="1891">Gillette 1891: 203</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), which seem to be females according to the original description. We located and examined
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D100AB59565FFA2FE2AFDA77016FC4E" box="[856,891,547,573]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
|
||
belonging to the type series deposited in USNM, which has been designated as
|
||
<typeStatus id="54AD7F9E9565FFA2FC98FDC37139FC12" box="[490,596,583,609]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
. The first label of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54AD7F9E9565FFA2FE39FDC370DFFC12" box="[843,946,583,609]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
reads ‘Mich’ instead of ‘Io’ o ‘Iowa’. Also,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF87BCCD9565FFA2FDE5FDEF7246FCF6" author="Burks, B. D." box="[151,299,619,645]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" refId="ref102011" refString="Burks, B. D. (1979) Superfamily Cynipoidea. In: Krombein, K. V., Hurd, P. D., Smith, D. R. & Burks, B. D. (Eds.), Catalog of Hymenoptera in America north of Mexico. Vol. 1. Symphyta and Apocrita (Parasitica). Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington D. C., pp. 1045 - 1107" type="book" year="1979">Burks (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
states that this species is known from
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49D20FDE9565FFA2FFAAFDEF702EFCF6" box="[728,835,619,645]" country="United States of America" name="Michigan" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Michigan</collectingRegion>
|
||
instead of
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49D20FDE9565FFA2FECCFDEF7094FCF6" box="[958,1017,619,645]" country="United States of America" name="Iowa" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Iowa</collectingRegion>
|
||
, probably due to what the label of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54AD7F9E9565FFA2FDE5FD0B7393FCDA" box="[151,254,655,681]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
says. We believe this to be an error.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA9C13C9565FFA2FDB5FD377666FC82" blockId="96.[151,1437,150,753]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">
|
||
The host plant is neither mentioned in the original description nor in subsequent works; however,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF9565FFA2F86AFD3776EFFCBE" authorityName="Gillette" authorityYear="1888" box="[1304,1410,691,717]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Acraspis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="villosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9565FFA2F86AFD377644FCBE" box="[1304,1321,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">A</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9565FFA2F845FD3776EFFCBE" box="[1335,1410,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">villosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is commonly found on leaves of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF9565FFA2FC9FFD537114FC83" box="[493,633,727,753]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="arizonica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9565FFA2FC9FFD537114FC83" box="[493,633,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Q. arizonica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF9565FFA2FFF5FD537182FC83" box="[647,751,727,753]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="grisea">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9565FFA2FFF5FD537182FC83" box="[647,751,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Q. grisea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF9565FFA2FF8FFD5370CAFC83" box="[765,935,727,753]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="macrocarpa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9565FFA2FF8FFD5370CAFC83" box="[765,935,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Q. macrocarpa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF9565FFA2FE96FD53766AFC82" authority="(Burks 1979)" baseAuthorityName="Burks" baseAuthorityYear="1979" box="[996,1287,727,753]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gambelii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9565FFA2FE96FD537705FC82" box="[996,1128,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Q. gambelii</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF87BCCD9565FFA2F905FD537792FC82" author="Burks, B. D." box="[1143,1279,727,753]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" refId="ref102011" refString="Burks, B. D. (1979) Superfamily Cynipoidea. In: Krombein, K. V., Hurd, P. D., Smith, D. R. & Burks, B. D. (Eds.), Catalog of Hymenoptera in America north of Mexico. Vol. 1. Symphyta and Apocrita (Parasitica). Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington D. C., pp. 1045 - 1107" type="book" year="1979">Burks 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |