376 lines
48 KiB
XML
376 lines
48 KiB
XML
<document id="84604ECDBA087428E752ED26F7792DC9" ID-CLB-Dataset="8839" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4906.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="308129a3-a99f-4012-bb41-d3220692c398" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4434000" ID-ZooBank="09383AAD-8E30-4E50-A533-C6DA4D00E33C" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_approvedBy="tatiana" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="tatiana" checkinTime="1610443640918" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Lobato-Vila, Irene & Pujade-Villar, Juli" docDate="2021" docId="03BF702A9516FFD7FDE5FC9B7060FD66" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4906.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4906 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Synergus atripes Gillette 1896" docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="22" masterDocId="FF8608529505FFC2FD72FF84736DFE73" masterDocTitle="The genus Synergus Hartig (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Synergini) in the New World: a complete taxonomic revision with a key to species" masterLastPageNumber="121" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="20" updateTime="1701082448047" updateUser="tatiana">
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<mods:mods id="3340494A2E128375CFF506ADF031DFCD" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:title id="DDDD1A6D4E6871EC865AC3399A2BAC84">The genus Synergus Hartig (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Synergini) in the New World: a complete taxonomic revision with a key to species</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="C1D46B244D1816AB3800CD9707709EA9" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="A73B5D2D030C88B825FDEA7DCEAEA9FF">Lobato-Vila, Irene</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="67E788B4EADC509501328B49DD5A7A66" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="F74135D076D368F92BBE68AC58B25CA4">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="2EE44935A09EB27F76673025D478129F">Pujade-Villar, Juli</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="ED1667BE49739C3E57326141A9E442A5" type="ORCID">0000-0001-7798-2717</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="626ED6F011F9A6C00F12E0BE0A21F72B" type="email">jpujade@ub.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="CBA6382614272CE849125FECE8A96399">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="4FEA6889096F27B207AD03565689140E">
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<mods:date id="C33C6432658FBECB2A3E6A9105AF77CE">2021</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="61658D4749BB318F1D272054D020BB6D">2021-01-12</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="5D7D1BB1515675544FEF8C0CB2B5EDAF" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="001644253D69222AD943E7D1B9E815C8">4906</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="D53CD5F54E5281C2B0D2880AE00340B8" type="issue">
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<mods:identifier id="94DE380D8644D3CCF143255922C164C8" type="CLB-Dataset">8839</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="3450C7310DA7A064E57DFC0CA7306CB4" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4906.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="47C8B6AB16F897102882E7E6BA0A984F" type="GBIF-Dataset">308129a3-a99f-4012-bb41-d3220692c398</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="2F999BA9497E5D8F40B254E626EB369B" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="027095C35E018CDC1B30E0284AB11EB7" type="Zenodo-Dep">4434000</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="DD01FEDA26E1440D3532EB78E4C3A6D4" type="ZooBank">09383AAD-8E30-4E50-A533-C6DA4D00E33C</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="03BF702A9516FFD7FDE5FC9B7060FD66" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4447511" ID-GBIF-Taxon="177005167" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4447511" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03BF702A9516FFD7FDE5FC9B7060FD66" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03BF702A9516FFD7FDE5FC9B7060FD66" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="22" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
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<subSubSection id="C30C92B79516FFD1FDE5FC9B7163FD4B" box="[151,526,798,825]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BA9C13C9516FFD1FDE5FC9B7163FD4B" blockId="19.[151,526,798,861]" box="[151,526,798,825]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
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<heading id="D0E176509516FFD1FDE5FC9B7163FD4B" bold="true" box="[151,526,798,825]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" reason="4">
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<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF9516FFD1FDE5FC9B7163FD4B" authority="Gillette, 1896" authorityName="Gillette" authorityYear="1896" box="[151,526,798,825]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atripes">
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<emphasis id="B9621D2E9516FFD1FDE5FC9B7163FD4B" bold="true" box="[151,526,798,825]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
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<emphasis id="B9621D2E9516FFD1FDE5FC9B720DFD4A" bold="true" box="[151,352,799,825]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Synergus atripes</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF87BCCD9516FFD1FC1AFC9A7163FD4B" author="Gillette, C. P." box="[360,526,798,824]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" pagination="85 - 100" refId="ref102997" refString="Gillette, C. P. (1896) A monograph of the genus Synergus. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 23, 85 - 100." type="journal article" year="1896">Gillette, 1896</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C30C92B79516FFD1FDE5FCC77265FD2E" box="[151,264,835,861]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BA9C13C9516FFD1FDE5FCC77265FD2E" blockId="19.[151,526,798,861]" box="[151,264,835,861]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
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(
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<figureCitation id="132DDDB99516FFD1FDEDFCC7726DFD2E" box="[159,256,835,861]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="20.[151,250,896,920]" captionTargetBox="[158,1429,181,873]" captionTargetId="figure-28@20.[158,1429,181,873]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 4. Synergus atripes (lectotype, USNMENT 00779910): a) lateral habitus; b) mesosoma in dorsal view; c) head in anterodorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4434012" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4434012/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Figure 4</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C30C92B79516FFD1FDE5FC03774CFDEC" box="[151,1057,903,928]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BA9C13C9516FFD1FDE5FC03774CFDEC" blockId="19.[151,1057,903,928]" box="[151,1057,903,928]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
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<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF9516FFD1FDE5FC0372B8FDEC" authority="Gillette, 1896" authorityName="Gillette" authorityYear="1896" box="[151,469,903,927]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atripes">
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<emphasis id="B9621D2E9516FFD1FDE5FC037252FDEC" box="[151,319,903,927]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Synergus atripes</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="3B7ECB619516FFD1FC34FC0372B8FDEC" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3019422358" box="[326,469,903,927]" collectionCode="USNM" collectorName="Trans. Am. Entomol. Soc." pageId="19" pageNumber="20" specimenCount="1">
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<bibRefCitation id="EF87BCCD9516FFD1FC34FC0372B8FDEC" author="Gillette, C. P." box="[326,469,903,927]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" pagination="85 - 100" refId="ref102997" refString="Gillette, C. P. (1896) A monograph of the genus Synergus. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 23, 85 - 100." type="journal article" year="1896">Gillette, 1896</bibRefCitation>
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</materialsCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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<collectorName id="26E3A4EA9516FFD1FCACFC0C7188FDEC" box="[478,741,903,927]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Trans. Am. Entomol. Soc.</collectorName>
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23: 96.
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<typeStatus id="54AD7F9E9516FFD1FE45FC0C7004FDD3" box="[823,873,904,928]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Type</typeStatus>
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material: USNM.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C30C92B79516FFD1FDE5FC4972BAF870" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BA9C13C9516FFD1FDE5FC4972BAF870" blockId="19.[151,1437,973,1972]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
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<emphasis id="B9621D2E9516FFD1FDE5FC4972A1FD94" bold="true" box="[151,460,973,999]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Type material (examined)</emphasis>
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.
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<typeStatus id="54AD7F9E9516FFD1FCA8FC497117FD94" box="[474,634,973,999]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="lectotype">LECTOTYPE</typeStatus>
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<specimenCount id="9D100AB59516FFD1FFF3FC4A71FBFD9B" box="[641,662,974,1000]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
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with the following labels: ‘Colo 1880’ (orange label) / ‘Type’ (white label, handwritten) / ‘
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<materialsCitation id="3B7ECB619516FFD1FCFBFC75714DFA27" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3019422343" collectionCode="USNM" country="United States of America" location="AccNo" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
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<typeStatus id="54AD7F9E9516FFD1FCFBFC75729DFA78" box="[393,496,1009,1035]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
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No. 27933
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<collectingCountry id="F30181AC9516FFD1FF0BFC7571C7FA78" box="[633,682,1009,1035]" name="United States of America" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">U.S.</collectingCountry>
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N.M.’ (red label) / ‘
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<location id="8EC997E79516FFD1FEFAFC7570B7FA7F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03BF702A9516FFD7FDE5FC9B7060FD66:8EC997E79516FFD1FEFAFC7570B7FA7F" box="[904,986,1009,1036]" country="United States of America" name="AccNo" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">AccNo</location>
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71950
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<collectionCode id="ED0759F99516FFD1F95EFC757710FA78" box="[1068,1149,1009,1035]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
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to be loaned only to ColoAgCol’ (white label) / ‘
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<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF9516FFD1FCC8FB92711BFA5C" authority="Lobato-Vila & Pujade-Villar, 2021" authorityName="Lobato-Vila & Pujade-Villar" authorityYear="2021" box="[442,630,1046,1072]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atripes" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B9621D2E9516FFD1FCC8FB92711BFA5C" box="[442,630,1046,1072]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Synergus atripes</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A251A0559516FFD1FF0DFB9271D1FA43" box="[639,700,1046,1072]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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Gill.’ (white label with a red frame, handwritten) / ‘USNMENT 00779910’ (white label, QR code)
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</materialsCitation>
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/ ‘
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<typeStatus id="54AD7F9E9516FFD1FF4DFBBD71D9FA20" box="[575,692,1081,1107]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
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<specimenCount id="9D100AB59516FFD1FFCFFBBE71BFFA27" box="[701,722,1082,1108]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
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<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF9516FFD1FFAEFBBE772FFA20" authority="Gillette, 1896" authorityName="Gillette" authorityYear="1896" box="[732,1090,1081,1108]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atripes">
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<emphasis id="B9621D2E9516FFD1FFAEFBBE70F4FA20" box="[732,921,1082,1108]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Synergus atripes</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF87BCCD9516FFD1FED1FBBD772FFA20" author="Gillette, C. P." box="[931,1090,1081,1107]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" pagination="85 - 100" refId="ref102997" refString="Gillette, C. P. (1896) A monograph of the genus Synergus. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 23, 85 - 100." type="journal article" year="1896">Gillette, 1896</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, IL-V desig-2017’ (red label).
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<typeStatus id="54AD7F9E9516FFD1FDE5FBD972E3FA04" box="[151,398,1117,1143]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="paralectotype">PARALECTOTYPES</typeStatus>
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(4ϐ &
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<specimenCount id="9D100AB59516FFD1FC97FBD9716AFA04" box="[485,519,1117,1143]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="female">2♀</specimenCount>
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) with the following labels: ‘Colo 1880’ (orange label) / ‘Type’ (white label, handwritten) / ‘Collection Ashmead’ (white label) / ‘
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<materialsCitation id="3B7ECB619516FFD1FFDEFB05776AFAB3" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3019422356" country="United States of America" location="U. S." pageId="19" pageNumber="20" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="allotype">
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||
<typeStatus id="54AD7F9E9516FFD1FFDEFB05707EFAE8" box="[684,787,1153,1179]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="allotype">Allotype</typeStatus>
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No. 27933
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<collectingCountry id="F30181AC9516FFD1FEEAFB0570A5FAE8" box="[920,968,1153,1179]" name="United States of America" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">U.S.</collectingCountry>
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N.M.’ (red label) / ‘
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<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF9516FFD1F9DAFB0676F0FAE8" authority="Gill." authorityName="Gillette" authorityYear="1896" box="[1192,1437,1153,1180]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atripes">
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<emphasis id="B9621D2E9516FFD1F9DAFB06760EFAE8" box="[1192,1379,1154,1180]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Synergus atripes</emphasis>
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Gill.
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</taxonomicName>
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ϐ’ (white label, handwritten) / ‘USNMENT 00960072’ (white label, QR code)
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</materialsCitation>
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||
/ ‘
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||
<typeStatus id="54AD7F9E9516FFD1F953FB2177D2FACC" box="[1057,1215,1189,1215]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="paralectotype">Paralectotype</typeStatus>
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||
ϐ
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF9516FFD1F990FB227258FA90" authority="Gillette, 1896" authorityName="Gillette" authorityYear="1896" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atripes">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9516FFD1F990FB2276F1FACC" box="[1250,1436,1190,1216]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Synergus atripes</emphasis>
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EF87BCCD9516FFD1FDE5FB4D7258FA90" author="Gillette, C. P." box="[151,309,1225,1251]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" pagination="85 - 100" refId="ref102997" refString="Gillette, C. P. (1896) A monograph of the genus Synergus. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 23, 85 - 100." type="journal article" year="1896">Gillette, 1896</bibRefCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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, IL-V desig-2017’ (red label) (1ϐ); ‘Colo 1880’ (orange label) / ‘Type’ (white label, handwritten) / ‘Collection Ashmead’ (white label) / ‘
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B7ECB619516FFD1FF47FB69725FFB5F" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3019422318" country="United States of America" location="U. S." pageId="19" pageNumber="20" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54AD7F9E9516FFD1FF47FB6971F1FB74" box="[565,668,1261,1287]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
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||
No. 27933
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||
<collectingCountry id="F30181AC9516FFD1FE6CFB697023FB74" box="[798,846,1261,1287]" name="United States of America" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">U.S.</collectingCountry>
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||
N.M.’ (red label) / ‘USNMENT 00960196’ (white label, QR code)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
/ ‘
|
||
<typeStatus id="54AD7F9E9516FFD1FC39FA957284FB58" box="[331,489,1297,1323]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="paralectotype">Paralectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D100AB59516FFD1FC9CFA96716EFB5F" box="[494,515,1298,1324]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF9516FFD1FF78FA96700BFB58" authority="Gillette, 1896" authorityName="Gillette" authorityYear="1896" box="[522,870,1297,1324]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atripes">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9516FFD1FF78FA9671A9FB58" box="[522,708,1298,1324]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Synergus atripes</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF87BCCD9516FFD1FFB8FA95700BFB58" author="Gillette, C. P." box="[714,870,1297,1323]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" pagination="85 - 100" refId="ref102997" refString="Gillette, C. P. (1896) A monograph of the genus Synergus. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 23, 85 - 100." type="journal article" year="1896">Gillette, 1896</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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, IL-V desig-2017’ (red label) (
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D100AB59516FFD1F9CFFA9577B0FB58" box="[1213,1245,1297,1323]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
|
||
); ‘Colo 440’ (orange label) / ‘Type’ (white label, handwritten) / ‘
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B7ECB619516FFD1FFC7FAB177A5FB07" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3019422336" collectionCode="USNM" country="United States of America" location="AccNo" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54AD7F9E9516FFD1FFC7FAB17071FB3C" box="[693,796,1333,1359]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
No. 27933
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30181AC9516FFD1FED2FAB170BCFB3C" box="[928,977,1333,1359]" name="United States of America" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">U.S.</collectingCountry>
|
||
N.M.’ (red label) / ‘
|
||
<location id="8EC997E79516FFD1F9D8FAB17791FB23" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03BF702A9516FFD7FDE5FC9B7060FD66:8EC997E79516FFD1F9D8FAB17791FB23" box="[1194,1276,1333,1360]" country="United States of America" name="AccNo" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">AccNo</location>
|
||
71950
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED0759F99516FFD1F839FAB176F1FB3C" box="[1355,1436,1333,1359]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
|
||
to be loaned only to ColoAgCol’ (white label) / ‘USNMENT 00960453’ (white label, QR code)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
/ ‘
|
||
<typeStatus id="54AD7F9E9516FFD1F990FADD76EDFB00" box="[1250,1408,1369,1395]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="paralectotype">Paralectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
ϐ
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF9516FFD1FDE5FAFA729AFBE4" authority="Gillette, 1896" authorityName="Gillette" authorityYear="1896" box="[151,503,1405,1432]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atripes">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9516FFD1FDE5FAFA723FFBE4" box="[151,338,1406,1432]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Synergus atripes</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF87BCCD9516FFD1FC2BFAF9729AFBE4" author="Gillette, C. P." box="[345,503,1405,1431]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" pagination="85 - 100" refId="ref102997" refString="Gillette, C. P. (1896) A monograph of the genus Synergus. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 23, 85 - 100." type="journal article" year="1896">Gillette, 1896</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, IL-V desig-2017’ (red label) (1ϐ); ‘Colo 1708’ (white label) / ‘Type’ (white label, handwritten) / ‘Coll CF Baker’ (white label) / ‘
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B7ECB619516FFD1FFEDFA2572B7FB91" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3019422339" country="United States of America" location="U. S." pageId="19" pageNumber="20" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54AD7F9E9516FFD1FFEDFA25706BFBC8" box="[671,774,1441,1467]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
No. 27933
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30181AC9516FFD1FEF8FA2570D7FBC8" box="[906,954,1441,1467]" name="United States of America" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">U.S.</collectingCountry>
|
||
N.M.’ (red label) / ‘USNMENT 00960212’ (white label, QR code) (2ϐ)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B7ECB619516FFD1FC95FA4272BCF870" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3019422340" country="United States of America" location="U. S." pageId="19" pageNumber="20" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
same data as the previous one, but USNMENT 00960056 (1ϐ) and with a red label ‘
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF9516FFD1FDD3FA6E72F1F870" authority="Gill." authorityName="Gillette" authorityYear="1896" box="[161,412,1513,1540]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atripes">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9516FFD1FDD3FA6E7236F870" box="[161,347,1514,1540]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Synergus atripes</emphasis>
|
||
Gill.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
’:
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D100AB59516FFD1FCDFFA6D72BCF870" box="[429,465,1513,1539]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C30C92B79516FFD1FDB5F9897794F9C7" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA9C13C9516FFD1FDB5F9897794F9C7" blockId="19.[151,1437,973,1972]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9516FFD1FDB5F9897257F854" bold="true" box="[199,314,1549,1575]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Diagnosis</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF9516FFD1FC38F98A716AF854" authorityName="Gillette" authorityYear="1896" box="[330,519,1550,1576]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atripes">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9516FFD1FC38F98A716AF854" box="[330,519,1550,1576]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Synergus atripes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
belongs to a group of species characterized by having the mesopleuron entirely sculptured, including the speculum, with non-parallel striae or wrinkles covering all of the surface, sometimes reticulated; hyaline wings and radial cell of fore wing short, 2.2 times as long as wide; mesoscutum strongly transversely carinated, interspaces sculptured; notauli visible but incomplete, not reaching the posterior margin of pronotum; mesoscutellum entirely carinated to wrinkled; and scutellar foveae inconspicuous to absent.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF9516FFD1F993F91A76F1F8C4" authorityName="Gillette" authorityYear="1896" box="[1249,1436,1694,1720]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atripes">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9516FFD1F993F91A76F1F8C4" box="[1249,1436,1694,1720]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Synergus atripes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is morphologically close to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF9516FFD1FCA6F946710AF8A8" authorityName="Ashmead" authorityYear="1885" box="[468,615,1729,1756]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="batatoides">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9516FFD1FCA6F946710AF8A8" box="[468,615,1729,1756]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">S. batatoides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see below), from which differs by having frons and vertex sharply and finely striated, with striae running from toruli to lateral ocelli (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132DDDB99516FFD1FE2AF96170C7F88C" box="[856,938,1765,1791]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="20.[151,250,896,920]" captionTargetBox="[158,1429,181,873]" captionTargetId="figure-28@20.[158,1429,181,873]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 4. Synergus atripes (lectotype, USNMENT 00779910): a) lateral habitus; b) mesosoma in dorsal view; c) head in anterodorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4434012" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4434012/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Fig. 4c</figureCitation>
|
||
), vertex with small punctures (wrinkled and punctate, punctures on vertex stronger, in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF9516FFD1FF06F88E706BF950" authorityName="Ashmead" authorityYear="1885" box="[628,774,1801,1828]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="batatoides">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9516FFD1FF06F88E706BF950" box="[628,774,1801,1828]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">S. batatoides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); OOL 2.0 times as long as diameter of lateral ocelli (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132DDDB99516FFD1F81DF88D73DEF934" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="20.[151,250,896,920]" captionTargetBox="[158,1429,181,873]" captionTargetId="figure-28@20.[158,1429,181,873]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 4. Synergus atripes (lectotype, USNMENT 00779910): a) lateral habitus; b) mesosoma in dorsal view; c) head in anterodorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4434012" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4434012/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Fig. 4c</figureCitation>
|
||
) (
|
||
<quantity id="4CEE6CD99516FFD1FDB8F8A97266F934" box="[202,267,1837,1864]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.81" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="in" value="1.5">1.5 in</quantity>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF9516FFD1FC63F8AA72CFF934" authorityName="Ashmead" authorityYear="1885" box="[273,418,1837,1864]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="batatoides">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9516FFD1FC63F8AA72CFF934" box="[273,418,1837,1864]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">S. batatoides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); mesoscutum with strong, widely spaced transversal carinae (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132DDDB99516FFD1F92DF8A977DCF93B" box="[1119,1201,1837,1864]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="20.[151,250,896,920]" captionTargetBox="[158,1429,181,873]" captionTargetId="figure-28@20.[158,1429,181,873]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 4. Synergus atripes (lectotype, USNMENT 00779910): a) lateral habitus; b) mesosoma in dorsal view; c) head in anterodorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4434012" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4434012/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Fig. 4b</figureCitation>
|
||
) (strong but dense in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF9516FFD1FDE5F8D67245F918" authorityName="Ashmead" authorityYear="1885" box="[151,296,1873,1900]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="batatoides">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9516FFD1FDE5F8D67245F918" box="[151,296,1873,1900]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">S. batatoides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); tarsal claws with a strong basal lobe (very small in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF9516FFD1FE0BF8D67767F918" authorityName="Ashmead" authorityYear="1885" box="[889,1034,1873,1900]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="batatoides">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9516FFD1FE0BF8D67767F918" box="[889,1034,1873,1900]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">S. batatoides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); and in males, F1 2.0 times as long as F2, and F1 long, slightly curved and slightly expanded apically and basally (F1 1.5 times as long as F2 and F1 strongly curved, kidney shaped in males of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF9516FFD1FFF2F81E707CF9C0" authorityName="Ashmead" authorityYear="1885" box="[640,785,1945,1972]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="batatoides">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9516FFD1FFF2F81E707CF9C0" box="[640,785,1945,1972]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">S. batatoides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), among others (see the identification key).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF6991B49511FFD6FDE5FC04723FFDCE" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4434012" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4434012" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4434012/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" startId="20.[151,250,896,920]" targetBox="[158,1429,181,873]" targetPageId="20">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA9C13C9511FFD6FDE5FC04723FFDCE" blockId="20.[151,1437,896,957]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9511FFD6FDE5FC047278FDEB" bold="true" box="[151,277,896,920]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF9511FFD6FC6FFC0572A5FDEB" authorityName="Gillette" authorityYear="1896" box="[285,456,897,920]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atripes">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9511FFD6FC6FFC0572A5FDEB" box="[285,456,897,920]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Synergus atripes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(lectotype, USNMENT 00779910): a) lateral habitus; b) mesosoma in dorsal view; c) head in anterodorsal view.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C30C92B79511FFD7FDB5FC6F77CCFC4E" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="22" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA9C13C9511FFD6FDB5FC6F7200FA76" blockId="20.[151,1437,1003,2037]" box="[199,365,1003,1029]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9511FFD6FDB5FC6F7200FA76" bold="true" box="[199,365,1003,1029]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Redescription</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA9C13C9511FFD6FDB5FB8B704FFA5A" blockId="20.[151,1437,1003,2037]" box="[199,802,1039,1065]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9511FFD6FDB5FB8B72CEFA5A" bold="true" box="[199,419,1039,1065]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">FEMALE. Length</emphasis>
|
||
. Body length 2.0–3.0 mm (n = 3).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA9C13C9511FFD6FDB5FBB771B9FACA" blockId="20.[151,1437,1003,2037]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9511FFD6FDB5FBB77266FA3E" bold="true" box="[199,267,1075,1101]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Color</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="132DDDB99511FFD6FC68FBB77233FA3E" box="[282,350,1075,1101]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="20.[151,250,896,920]" captionTargetBox="[158,1429,181,873]" captionTargetId="figure-28@20.[158,1429,181,873]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 4. Synergus atripes (lectotype, USNMENT 00779910): a) lateral habitus; b) mesosoma in dorsal view; c) head in anterodorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4434012" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4434012/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
). Mainly black. Face and gena brownish orange, frons, vertex and occiput, black. Antenna yellow to testaceous. Mesosoma black, tegulae yellowish orange. Metasoma dark chestnut to reddish black. Legs with dark coxae, hind legs almost completely dark (except joints), first and second pair of legs mostly yellow except for some dark areas near joints. Wings hyaline, veins brown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA9C13C9511FFD6FDB5FB477123FB8E" blockId="20.[151,1437,1003,2037]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9511FFD6FDB5FB47726AFAAE" bold="true" box="[199,263,1219,1245]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Head</emphasis>
|
||
. In frontal view trapezoid, about 1.2 times as wide as high, gena not broadened behind eye. Face faintly pubescent, lower face with striae radiating from clypeus. Clypeus indistinct, ventral margin just slightly projected over mandibles. Malar space about 0.6 times as long as height of eye. Anterior tentorial pits visible; pleurostomal and epistomal sulcus absent. Transfacial line about as long as height of eye. Toruli situated slightly under mid-height of eye; distance between torulus and eye shorter than diameter of torulus; distance between toruli clearly shorter than diameter of toruli. Frons (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132DDDB99511FFD6FC80FAF3712EFBE2" box="[498,579,1399,1425]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="20.[151,250,896,920]" captionTargetBox="[158,1429,181,873]" captionTargetId="figure-28@20.[158,1429,181,873]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 4. Synergus atripes (lectotype, USNMENT 00779910): a) lateral habitus; b) mesosoma in dorsal view; c) head in anterodorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4434012" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4434012/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 4c</figureCitation>
|
||
) sharply and finely striated beneath toruli, with striae running from toruli to lateral ocelli; without punctures. Head in dorsal view is about 2.3 times as wide as long. Vertex (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132DDDB99511FFD6F9BBFA1F7674FBC6" box="[1225,1305,1435,1461]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="20.[151,250,896,920]" captionTargetBox="[158,1429,181,873]" captionTargetId="figure-28@20.[158,1429,181,873]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 4. Synergus atripes (lectotype, USNMENT 00779910): a) lateral habitus; b) mesosoma in dorsal view; c) head in anterodorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4434012" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4434012/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 4c</figureCitation>
|
||
) finely striated and with scattered small punctures. POL: OOL: LOL = 14: 11: 8 and diameter of lateral ocelli, 5.5 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132DDDB99511FFD6F84EFA3B76FDFBAA" box="[1340,1424,1471,1497]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="20.[151,250,896,920]" captionTargetBox="[158,1429,181,873]" captionTargetId="figure-28@20.[158,1429,181,873]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 4. Synergus atripes (lectotype, USNMENT 00779910): a) lateral habitus; b) mesosoma in dorsal view; c) head in anterodorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4434012" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4434012/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 4c</figureCitation>
|
||
). Occiput coriaceous, without punctures.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA9C13C9511FFD6FDB5F9837140F8FE" blockId="20.[151,1437,1003,2037]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9511FFD6FDB5F9837243F852" bold="true" box="[199,302,1543,1569]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Antenna</emphasis>
|
||
. 14-segmented; short, filiform, not broadened apically; pubescence dense and short. Scape plus pedicel about 1.3 times as long as F1; pedicel about 2.0 times as long as wide; F1 about 1.4 times as long as F2, F2 and F3 subequal, the following segments progressively shorter. Last flagellar segment about 3.0 times as long as wide and almost 2.0 times as long as F11.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA9C13C9511FFD6FDB5F91377A8F986" blockId="20.[151,1437,1003,2037]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9511FFD6FDB5F9137228F8C2" bold="true" box="[199,325,1687,1713]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Mesosoma</emphasis>
|
||
. About 1.3 times as long as high in lateral view, including nucha, with short and not dense pubescence (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132DDDB99511FFD6FD9AF93F7250F8A6" box="[232,317,1723,1749]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="20.[151,250,896,920]" captionTargetBox="[158,1429,181,873]" captionTargetId="figure-28@20.[158,1429,181,873]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 4. Synergus atripes (lectotype, USNMENT 00779910): a) lateral habitus; b) mesosoma in dorsal view; c) head in anterodorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4434012" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4434012/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 4a</figureCitation>
|
||
). Ratio of length of pronotum medially/laterally: 0.33. Pronotal plate indistinct. Lateral pronotum strongly carinated; lateral carina absent, lateral margins of pronotum rounded seen from above. Mesoscutum (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132DDDB99511FFD6F81DF95B73D8F96D" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="20.[151,250,896,920]" captionTargetBox="[158,1429,181,873]" captionTargetId="figure-28@20.[158,1429,181,873]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 4. Synergus atripes (lectotype, USNMENT 00779910): a) lateral habitus; b) mesosoma in dorsal view; c) head in anterodorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4434012" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4434012/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 4b</figureCitation>
|
||
) about 1.2 times as wide as long, with strong and spaced carinae; anterior parallel lines inconspicuous; notauli incomplete, faint in the anterior 1/3, sometimes interrupted by carinae; median mesoscutal line absent; parapsidal lines weakly impressed, narrow, reaching tegulae. Mesoscutellum (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132DDDB99511FFD6FE0DF8CF70BDF915" box="[895,976,1867,1894]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="20.[151,250,896,920]" captionTargetBox="[158,1429,181,873]" captionTargetId="figure-28@20.[158,1429,181,873]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 4. Synergus atripes (lectotype, USNMENT 00779910): a) lateral habitus; b) mesosoma in dorsal view; c) head in anterodorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4434012" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4434012/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 4b</figureCitation>
|
||
) rounded, about as long as wide, strongly carinated to wrinkled; circumscutellar carina weak, obscured by wrinkles, almost inconspicuous; scutellar foveae inconspicuous, obscured by wrinkles. Mesopleuron irregularly striated, striae non-parallel and well impressed, interspaces alutaceous. Metapleural sulcus reaching about 3/4 of mesopleural height. Propodeum pubescent and weakly sculptured; propodeal carinae straight and parallel. Nucha sulcate dorsally and laterally.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA9C13C9510FFD7FDB5FF1371DDFEC2" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,789]" box="[199,688,151,177]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9510FFD7FDB5FF137392FEC2" bold="true" box="[199,255,151,177]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Legs</emphasis>
|
||
. Tarsal claws with a strong basal lobe.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA9C13C9510FFD7FDB5FF3E7115FF6E" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,789]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9510FFD7FDB5FF3E727EFEA7" bold="true" box="[199,275,186,212]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Wings</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="132DDDB99510FFD7FC57FF3F7216FEA6" box="[293,379,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="20.[151,250,896,920]" captionTargetBox="[158,1429,181,873]" captionTargetId="figure-28@20.[158,1429,181,873]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 4. Synergus atripes (lectotype, USNMENT 00779910): a) lateral habitus; b) mesosoma in dorsal view; c) head in anterodorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4434012" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4434012/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Fig. 4a</figureCitation>
|
||
). Fore wing pubescent with short marginal setae, about as long as body length. Radial cell closed, about 2.2 times as long as wide; areolet almost inconspicuous. Rs+M inconspicuous, not reaching the basal vein. Basal cell with sparsely spaced setae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA9C13C9510FFD7FDB5FEA3701DFFA2" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,789]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9510FFD7FDB5FEA3722EFF32" bold="true" box="[199,323,295,321]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Metasoma</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="132DDDB99510FFD7FC21FEA372C8FF32" box="[339,421,295,321]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="20.[151,250,896,920]" captionTargetBox="[158,1429,181,873]" captionTargetId="figure-28@20.[158,1429,181,873]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 4. Synergus atripes (lectotype, USNMENT 00779910): a) lateral habitus; b) mesosoma in dorsal view; c) head in anterodorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4434012" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4434012/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Fig. 4a</figureCitation>
|
||
). About as long as head plus mesosoma and about 1.3 times as long as high in lateral view. First metasomal segment usually with striae reaching only the half of its length, the anterior half smooth. Syntergum smooth, anterolateral pubescence composed of a few setae and posteriorly with a small patch of minute micropunctures (sometimes without punctures); not dorsodistally incised, slightly pointed. Hypopygial spine about 1.5 times as long as wide and with a few lateral setae; without apical setae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA9C13C9510FFD7FDB5FE5E77CCFC4E" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,789]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9510FFD7FDB5FE5E724FFF86" bold="true" box="[199,290,474,501]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">MALE.</emphasis>
|
||
Similar to female, except for the following: body length 2.0–
|
||
<quantity id="4CEE6CD99510FFD7FEA8FE5E7742FF86" box="[986,1071,474,501]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="mm" value="2.5">2.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
(n = 4). Antenna 15-segmented; F1 almost 2.0 times as long as F2, slightly curved, medially incised, long, weakly broadened apically and basally. Malar space 0.5 times as long as height of eye. Metasoma shorter than head plus mesosoma.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C30C92B79510FFD7FDB5FDC271A7FC11" box="[199,714,582,610]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA9C13C9510FFD7FDB5FDC271A7FC11" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,789]" box="[199,714,582,610]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9510FFD7FDB5FDC27234FC13" bold="true" box="[199,345,582,608]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Distribution</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30181AC9510FFD7FC15FDC372CEFC12" box="[359,419,583,609]" name="United States of America" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49D20FDE9510FFD7FCDCFDC3717BFC12" box="[430,534,583,609]" country="United States of America" name="Colorado" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Colorado</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF87BCCD9510FFD7FF55FDC371D3FC11" author="Gillette, C. P." box="[551,702,583,610]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="85 - 100" refId="ref102997" refString="Gillette, C. P. (1896) A monograph of the genus Synergus. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 23, 85 - 100." type="journal article" year="1896">Gillette 1896</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C30C92B79510FFD7FDB5FDEE77BCFCF5" box="[199,1233,618,646]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA9C13C9510FFD7FDB5FDEE77BCFCF5" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,789]" box="[199,1233,618,646]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9510FFD7FDB5FDEE724CFCF7" bold="true" box="[199,289,618,644]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Biology</emphasis>
|
||
. Reared from asexual galls of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF9510FFD7FF0AFDEF77A1FCF5" authority="(Gillette, 1893) (Gillette 1896)" authorityName="Gillette" authorityYear="1896" baseAuthorityName="Gillette" baseAuthorityYear="1893" box="[632,1228,619,646]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Atrusca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevipennata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9510FFD7FF0AFDEF7004FCF6" box="[632,873,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Atrusca brevipennata</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF87BCCD9510FFD7FE0BFDEF7779FCF6" author="Gillette, C. P." box="[889,1044,619,645]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="110 - 111" refId="ref102955" refString="Gillette, C. P. (1893) Two new cynipids from Washington state. The Canadian Entomologist, 25 (4), 110 - 111. https: // doi. org / 10.4039 / Ent 25110 - 4" type="journal article" year="1893">Gillette, 1893</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF87BCCD9510FFD7F95FFDEF77A9FCF5" author="Gillette, C. P." box="[1069,1220,619,646]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="85 - 100" refId="ref102997" refString="Gillette, C. P. (1896) A monograph of the genus Synergus. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 23, 85 - 100." type="journal article" year="1896">Gillette 1896</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C30C92B79510FFD7FDB5FD0B7060FD66" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA9C13C9510FFD7FDB5FD0B77B9FCBE" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,789]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9510FFD7FDB5FD0B7259FCDA" bold="true" box="[199,308,655,681]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF9510FFD7FC30FD0B7291FCDB" authorityName="Gillette" authorityYear="1896" box="[322,508,655,681]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atripes">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9510FFD7FC30FD0B7291FCDB" box="[322,508,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Synergus atripes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was described from 6ϐ and
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D100AB59510FFD7FE4CFD0B7002FCDA" box="[830,879,655,681]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="female">10♀</specimenCount>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF87BCCD9510FFD7FE0FFD0B772DFCD9" author="Gillette, C. P." box="[893,1088,655,682]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="85 - 100" refId="ref102997" refString="Gillette, C. P. (1896) A monograph of the genus Synergus. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 23, 85 - 100." type="journal article" year="1896">Gillette 1896: 96</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). We located and examined 4ϐ and
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D100AB59510FFD7FDB5FD377384FCBE" box="[199,233,691,717]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="female">3♀</specimenCount>
|
||
belonging to the type series deposited in USNM. A
|
||
<typeStatus id="54AD7F9E9510FFD7FE40FD3770F4FCBE" box="[818,921,691,717]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
has herein been designated.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA9C13C9510FFD7FDB5FD537060FD66" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,789]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||
The host plant is not mentioned in the original description, but
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF9510FFD7FEFFFD537752FC82" authorityName="Gillette" authorityYear="1896" baseAuthorityName="Gillette" baseAuthorityYear="1893" box="[909,1087,727,753]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Atrusca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevipennata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9510FFD7FEFFFD537752FC82" box="[909,1087,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">A. brevipennata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was collected from
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9510FFD7F851FD537653FC82" box="[1315,1342,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Q.</emphasis>
|
||
x
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF9510FFD7F829FD5373AEFD66" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undulata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9510FFD7F829FD5373AEFD66" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">undulata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF9510FFD7FDA3FD7F7238FD66" box="[209,341,763,789]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gambelii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9510FFD7FDA3FD7F7238FD66" box="[209,341,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Q. gambelii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF9510FFD7FCE0FD7F7065FD66" authority="(Burks 1979: 1093)" baseAuthorityName="Burks 1979:" baseAuthorityPageNumber="1093" baseAuthorityYear="1093" box="[402,776,763,789]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="turbinella">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9510FFD7FCE0FD7F714EFD66" box="[402,547,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Q. turbinella</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF87BCCD9510FFD7FF40FD7F706DFD66" author="Burks, B. D." box="[562,768,763,789]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" refId="ref102011" refString="Burks, B. D. (1979) Superfamily Cynipoidea. In: Krombein, K. V., Hurd, P. D., Smith, D. R. & Burks, B. D. (Eds.), Catalog of Hymenoptera in America north of Mexico. Vol. 1. Symphyta and Apocrita (Parasitica). Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington D. C., pp. 1045 - 1107" type="book" year="1979">Burks 1979: 1093</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |