treatments-xml/data/03/A8/00/03A800107712FFE6FF14A137919CFD32.xml

<document id="DD265131C421F9AA9B423ED4A384C6C3" ID-CLB-Dataset="37320" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.272951" ID-GBIF-Dataset="e2c88f4c-3ac2-45f9-95e4-99b75561a081" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="272951" ID-ZooBank="6D68A019-6F63-4AA4-A8B3-92D351F1F69B" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1484409208030" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Van, Rob W. M." docDate="2017" docId="03A800107712FFE6FF14A137919CFD32" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4217.1.1.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Stelletta crassispicula Sollas 1886" docType="treatment" docVersion="21" lastPageNumber="75" masterDocId="FF9178687757FFACFF83A36B907DFF9A" masterDocTitle="Sponges of the Guyana Shelf" masterLastPageNumber="225" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="70" updateTime="1698435695899" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods id="D82DC2B94DBD9B51DA5155FDEF311D30" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="9855491F4401F0DC880190919310E6A4">
<mods:title id="9771170D3F1D87A7AD564795C9101FAD">Sponges of the Guyana Shelf</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="37E7D497003F38D60443609DBC6936A7" type="personal">
<mods:role id="462A963A074E87F9D9D723E0E3B0C80B">
<mods:roleTerm id="1C369C4C9B4F38077860485E8772A86D">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="00FAD2D3DDAA36AD208E64A20FB103E7">Van, Rob W. M.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="E9EC411886DF2771A8F05E2ADCDCD7E7">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="993077887968E919B3500488A33BF199" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="2F0291966DC9695907D0C0B579D2E86D">
<mods:title id="A96590C2990CFBBE0DCF2437103D416D">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="7935ACFD5537324E8AE92F06C90B055D">
<mods:date id="481BB5F68175E75CC8A85658C89098EB">2017</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="4710C82885EBC18501B8B1CE623F9353" type="issue">
<mods:number id="E16167A1A598FBD57FA9378AB0FCA543">1</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="7C6C89D78E9FA586229E9B4190FE5EF6" unit="page">
<mods:start id="007B370CE7D7DDE424683751A427C9B9">1</mods:start>
<mods:end id="437E331EF097CA31C8F5625B83F2565A">225</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:classification id="128C8CAF260024AE5612B6FBC6619736">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="835F090E47504D131CE01E9B057C99EE" type="CLB-Dataset">37320</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="6B45225400F0B4209786E372AB5879E1" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.272951</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="5524B48DFC5255119DEEA934DEB9F209" type="GBIF-Dataset">e2c88f4c-3ac2-45f9-95e4-99b75561a081</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="149D85EE10D5B1237CB3EF068EB049D3" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="206D8D68D82C6A684972A8B045ECF605" type="Zenodo-Dep">272951</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="32843A1EF71D2CA72835902B207CABDD" type="ZooBank">6D68A019-6F63-4AA4-A8B3-92D351F1F69B</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="03A800107712FFE6FF14A137919CFD32" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5698622" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127419925" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5698622" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A800107712FFE6FF14A137919CFD32" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A800107712FFE6FF14A137919CFD32" lastPageId="74" lastPageNumber="75" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">
<subSubSection id="C31BE28D7712FFE9FF14A13791B1FD0D" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BBEB1067712FFE9FF14A1379235FDEC" blockId="69.[151,584,604,663]" box="[151,584,604,630]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">
<heading id="D0F6066A7712FFE9FF14A1379235FDEC" bold="true" box="[151,584,604,630]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C01CA857712FFE9FF14A1379235FDEC" authority="Sollas, 1886" authorityName="Sollas" authorityYear="1886" box="[151,584,604,630]" class="Demospongiae" family="Ancorinidae" genus="Stelletta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="crassispicula">
<emphasis id="B9756D147712FFE9FF14A1379235FDEC" bold="true" box="[151,584,604,630]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">
<emphasis id="B9756D147712FFE9FF14A13791E6FDEC" bold="true" box="[151,411,604,630]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Stelletta crassispicula</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF90CCF77712FFE9FE29A137923DFDEC" author="Sollas" box="[426,576,604,630]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" refString="Sollas, W. J. (1886) Preliminary account of the Tetractinellid sponges dredged by H. M. S. ' Challenger' 1872 - 76. Part I. The Choristida. Scientific Proceedings of the Royal Dublin Society (new series), 5, 177 - 199." type="journal article" year="1886">Sollas, 1886</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBEB1067712FFE9FF14A11591B1FD0D" blockId="69.[151,584,604,663]" box="[151,460,638,663]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">
<figureCitation id="133AAD837712FFE9FF14A1159173FD0D" box="[151,270,638,663]" captionStart="FIGURE 45" captionStartId="70.[151,250,1951,1973]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,977,1929]" captionTargetId="figure@70.[151,1436,977,1929]" captionTargetPageId="70" captionText="FIGURE 45. Stelletta crassispicula (Sollas, 1886), a, habitus of RMNH Por. 9888 (scale bar = 1 cm), b – f, SEM images of spicules, b, oxea 1 (anisoxea), b 1, details of b, c, oxea 2 (fusiform oxea), c 1, details of c, d, plagiotriaene 1, d 1, cladome of plagiotriaene 1, e, plagiotriaene 2, e 1, cladome of plagiotriaene 2, f, acanthotylaster." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/272996/files/figure.png" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Figures 45</figureCitation>
a–f, 46a–i, 47a–f
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31BE28D7712FFE9FF14A1AD92AAFCCD" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BBEB1067712FFE9FF14A1AD93BEFD46" blockId="69.[151,1436,710,855]" box="[151,963,710,732]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB1196287712FFE9FF14A1AD93BEFD46" box="[151,963,710,732]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">
<taxonomicName id="4C01CA857712FFE9FF14A1AD9235FD46" ID-CoL="77JZ6" authority="Sollas, 1886: 190" authorityName="Sollas" authorityPageNumber="190" authorityYear="1886" box="[151,584,710,732]" class="Demospongiae" family="Ancorinidae" genus="Pilochrota" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="crassispicula">
<emphasis id="B9756D147712FFE9FF14A1AD91F3FD46" box="[151,398,710,732]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Pilochrota crassispicula</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0AA097177712FFE9FE17A1AD9235FD46" author="Sollas" box="[404,584,710,732]" page="190" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" year="1886">
<bibRefCitation id="EF90CCF77712FFE9FE17A1AD9268FD46" author="Sollas" box="[404,533,710,732]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" refString="Sollas, W. J. (1886) Preliminary account of the Tetractinellid sponges dredged by H. M. S. ' Challenger' 1872 - 76. Part I. The Choristida. Scientific Proceedings of the Royal Dublin Society (new series), 5, 177 - 199." type="journal article" year="1886">Sollas, 1886</bibRefCitation>
: 190
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
; 
<treatmentCitation id="0AA097177712FFE9FDD1A1AD9283FD46" author="Sollas" box="[594,766,710,732]" page="128" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" year="1888">
<bibRefCitation id="EF90CCF77712FFE9FDD1A1AD92B1FD46" author="Sollas" box="[594,716,710,732]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" refString="Sollas, W. J. (1888) Report on the Tetractinellida collected by H. M. S. ' Challenger', during the years 1873 - 1876. Report on the Scientific Results of the Foyage of H. M. S. ' Challenger', 1873 - 1876, Zoology, 25 (63), 1 - 458." type="journal article" year="1888">Sollas 1888</bibRefCitation>
: 128
</treatmentCitation>
, pl. XIV figs 9–15.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBEB1067712FFE9FF14A18E9366FD61" blockId="69.[151,1436,710,855]" box="[151,795,741,763]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB1196287712FFE9FF14A18E9366FD61" box="[151,795,741,763]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">
<taxonomicName id="4C01CA857712FFE9FF14A18E9109FD61" box="[151,372,741,763]" class="Demospongiae" family="Ancorinidae" genus="Stelletta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="crassispicula">
<emphasis id="B9756D147712FFE9FF14A18E9109FD61" box="[151,372,741,763]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Stelletta crassispicula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; 
<treatmentCitation id="0AA097177712FFE9FE01A18D9258FD61" author="Topsent" box="[386,549,741,763]" page="1" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" year="1922">
<bibRefCitation id="EF90CCF77712FFE9FE01A18D9273FD61" author="Topsent" box="[386,526,741,763]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" refString="Topsent, E. (1922) Sur Stelletta crassispicula Sollas et son synonyme Stelletta crassiclada Lendenfeld. Bulletin de l'Institut oceanographique, Monaco, 416, 1 - 3." type="journal article" year="1922">Topsent 1922</bibRefCitation>
: 1
</treatmentCitation>
; Muricy 
<emphasis id="B9756D147712FFE9FD00A18D92CBFD61" box="[643,694,741,763]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">et al.</emphasis>
2011: 43.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBEB1067712FFE9FF14A06E957EFC80" blockId="69.[151,1436,710,855]" box="[151,1283,772,794]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB1196287712FFE9FF14A06E957EFC80" box="[151,1283,772,794]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">
<taxonomicName id="4C01CA857712FFE9FF14A06E911EFC80" ID-CoL="743TV" box="[151,355,773,794]" class="Demospongiae" family="Ancorinidae" genus="Myriastra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="anancora">
<emphasis id="B9756D147712FFE9FF14A06E911EFC80" box="[151,355,773,794]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Myriastra anancora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; 
<treatmentCitation id="0AA097177712FFE9FEF3A06F920EFC80" author="Boury-Esnault" box="[368,627,772,794]" page="270" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" year="1973">
<bibRefCitation id="EF90CCF77712FFE9FEF3A06F923CFC80" author="Boury-Esnault" box="[368,577,772,794]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" refString="Boury-Esnault, N. (1973) Resultats scientifiques des campagnes de la &quot; Calypso &quot;." type="book" year="1973">Boury-Esnault 1973</bibRefCitation>
: 270
</treatmentCitation>
, pl. I figs 6–7, text-fig. 8 (not 
<taxonomicName id="4C01CA857712FFE9FC27A06F9481FC80" authority="Sollas, 1886" authorityName="Sollas" authorityYear="1886" box="[932,1276,772,794]" class="Demospongiae" family="Ancorinidae" genus="Pilochrota" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="anancora">
<emphasis id="B9756D147712FFE9FC27A06F940AFC80" box="[932,1143,772,794]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Pilochrota anancora</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF90CCF77712FFE9FBFEA06F9481FC80" author="Sollas" box="[1149,1276,772,794]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" refString="Sollas, W. J. (1886) Preliminary account of the Tetractinellid sponges dredged by H. M. S. ' Challenger' 1872 - 76. Part I. The Choristida. Scientific Proceedings of the Royal Dublin Society (new series), 5, 177 - 199." type="journal article" year="1886">Sollas, 1886</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
)
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBEB1067712FFE9FF14A04992AAFCCD" blockId="69.[151,1436,710,855]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">
<taxonomicName id="4C01CA857712FFE9FF14A049912DFCA2" box="[151,336,802,824]" class="Demospongiae" family="Ancorinidae" genus="Stelletta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="anancora">
<emphasis id="B9756D147712FFE9FF14A049912DFCA2" box="[151,336,802,824]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Stelletta anancora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EF90CCF77712FFE9FEDEA04891A2FCA2" author="Burton" box="[349,479,802,824]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" refString="Burton, M. (1954) Sponges. In: The ' Rosaura' Expedition. Part 5. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Zoology, 2 (6), 215 - 239." type="journal article" year="1954">Burton 1954</bibRefCitation>
: 220; Hajdu 
<emphasis id="B9756D147712FFE9FDDCA04892EFFCA2" box="[607,658,802,824]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">et al.</emphasis>
2011: 74; Muricy 
<emphasis id="B9756D147712FFE9FCCFA0489302FCA2" box="[844,895,802,824]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">et al.</emphasis>
2011: 42, fig. 5H. (Not: 
<taxonomicName id="4C01CA857712FFE9FBF4A04991ADFCCD" authority="Van Soest &amp; Stentoft 1988: 26" authorityName="Van Soest &amp; Stentoft" authorityPageNumber="26" authorityYear="1988" class="Demospongiae" family="Ancorinidae" genus="Stelletta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="anancora">
<emphasis id="B9756D147712FFE9FBF4A049954DFCA2" box="[1143,1328,802,824]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Stelletta anancora</emphasis>
sensu 
<bibRefCitation id="EF90CCF77712FFE9FAF7A04891D7FCCD" author="Van" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" refString="Van Soest, R. W. M. &amp; Stentoft, N. (1988) Barbados Deep-Water Sponges. In: Hummelinck, P. W. &amp; Van der Steen, L. J. (Eds.), Uitgaven van de Natuurwetenschappelijke Studiekring voor Suriname en de Nederlandse Antillen. No. 122. Studies on the Fauna of Curacao and other Caribbean Islands, 70 (215), 1 - 175. Avaliable from: http: // www. repository. naturalis. nl / document / 549872 (Accessed 11 Jan. 2017)" type="journal article" year="1988">Van Soest &amp; Stentoft 1988</bibRefCitation>
: 26
</taxonomicName>
, pl. IV fig. 3, text-fig.10).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31BE28D7712FFE9FF14A01594A5FB41" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BBEB1067712FFE9FF14A01594A5FB41" blockId="69.[151,1437,894,2035]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">
<materialsCitation id="3B69BB5B7712FFE9FF14A01592BDFC21" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1424726246" collectingDate="1966-05-05" collectionCode="RMNH" collectorName="Snellius O. C. P. S." country="Suriname" elevation="81" latitude="7.23" location="Suriname" longLatPrecision="555" longitude="-56.4067" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" specimenCount="1">
<emphasis id="B9756D147712FFE9FF14A01591F8FC0D" bold="true" box="[151,389,894,919]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Material examined.</emphasis>
<collectionCode id="ED1029C37712FFE9FE11A014919BFC0C" box="[402,486,895,918]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" name="National Museum of Natural History, Naturalis" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">RMNH</collectionCode>
Por. 9298, 
<collectingCountry id="F316F1967712FFE9FDF5A0159299FC0D" box="[630,740,894,919]" name="Suriname" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Suriname</collectingCountry>
, ‘ 
<collectorName id="26F4D4D07712FFE9FD7AA01593B5FC0D" box="[761,968,894,919]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Snellius O.C.P.S.</collectorName>
’ 
<collectingCountry id="F316F1967712FFE9FC5AA014944DFC0D" box="[985,1072,895,919]" name="Guyana" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Guyana</collectingCountry>
Shelf Expedition, station F38, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE35D7C17712FFE9FF14A0C8909AFC21" box="[151,231,931,955]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" precision="555" value="7.23">7.23°N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE35D7C17712FFE9FF76A0C9910BFC21" box="[245,374,930,955]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" precision="5" value="-56.4067">56.4067°W</geoCoordinate>
, depth 
<quantity id="4CF91CE37712FFE9FE57A0C89268FC20" box="[468,533,931,955]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.1" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" unit="m" value="81.0">
<elevation id="002C56357712FFE9FE57A0C89268FC20" box="[468,533,931,955]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.1" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" unit="m" value="81.0">81 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<date id="FFBF97C67712FFE9FDABA0C992BDFC21" box="[552,704,930,955]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" value="1966-05-05">
<collectingDate id="EFFB6E2E7712FFE9FDABA0C992BDFC21" box="[552,704,930,955]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" value="1966-05-05">5 May 1966</collectingDate>
</date>
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="3B69BB5B7712FFE9FD51A0C89546FC45" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1424726247" collectingDate="1970-08-26" collectionCode="RMNH" country="Guyana" elevation="76" latitude="6.7333" location="Guyana" longLatPrecision="551" longitude="-52.75" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" specimenCount="1">
<collectionCode id="ED1029C37712FFE9FD51A0C8935BFC20" box="[722,806,931,954]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" name="National Museum of Natural History, Naturalis" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">RMNH</collectionCode>
Por. 9335, French 
<collectingCountry id="F316F1967712FFE9FB95A0C8940DFC21" box="[1046,1136,931,955]" name="Guyana" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Guyana</collectingCountry>
, ‘Luymes’ 
<collectingCountry id="F316F1967712FFE9FB7FA0C8952EFC21" box="[1276,1363,931,955]" name="Guyana" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Guyana</collectingCountry>
Shelf Expedition, station 14, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE35D7C17712FFE9FE1CA0AD9271FC45" box="[415,524,966,991]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" precision="5" value="6.7333">6.7333°N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE35D7C17712FFE9FD97A0AD9204FC45" box="[532,633,966,991]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" precision="555" value="-52.75">52.75°W</geoCoordinate>
, depth 
<quantity id="4CF91CE37712FFE9FD48A0AD9375FC44" box="[715,776,966,991]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.6" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" unit="m" value="76.0">
<elevation id="002C56357712FFE9FD48A0AD9375FC44" box="[715,776,966,991]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.6" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" unit="m" value="76.0">76 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, bottom muddy calcareous sand, 
<date id="FFBF97C67712FFE9FB00A0AD9546FC45" box="[1155,1339,966,991]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" value="1970-08-26">
<collectingDate id="EFFB6E2E7712FFE9FB00A0AD9546FC45" box="[1155,1339,966,991]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" value="1970-08-26">26 August 1970</collectingDate>
</date>
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="3B69BB5B7712FFE9FACBA0AC923EFBBD" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1424726242" collectingDate="1970-09-05" collectionCode="RMNH" country="Guyana" elevation="65" latitude="7.7" location="Guyana" longLatPrecision="7821" longitude="-57.5" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" specimenCount="1">
<collectionCode id="ED1029C37712FFE9FACBA0AC95E1FC44" box="[1352,1436,967,990]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" name="National Museum of Natural History, Naturalis" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">RMNH</collectionCode>
Por. 9337, 
<collectingCountry id="F316F1967712FFE9FE9AA080910EFB99" box="[281,371,1003,1027]" name="Guyana" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Guyana</collectingCountry>
, ‘Luymes’ 
<collectingCountry id="F316F1967712FFE9FE79A080922CFB99" box="[506,593,1003,1027]" name="Guyana" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Guyana</collectingCountry>
Shelf Expedition, station 107, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE35D7C17712FFE9FC40A0809478FB99" box="[963,1029,1003,1027]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" precision="5555" value="7.7">7.7°N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE35D7C17712FFE9FB93A081941AFB99" box="[1040,1127,1002,1027]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" precision="5555" value="-57.5">57.5°W</geoCoordinate>
, depth 
<quantity id="4CF91CE37712FFE9FB43A081957DFB98" box="[1216,1280,1002,1027]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" unit="m" value="65.0">
<elevation id="002C56357712FFE9FB43A081957DFB98" box="[1216,1280,1002,1027]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" unit="m" value="65.0">65 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, muddy sand bottom with shells, 
<date id="FFBF97C67712FFE9FEF7A765923EFBBD" box="[372,579,1038,1063]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" value="1970-09-05">
<collectingDate id="EFFB6E2E7712FFE9FEF7A765923EFBBD" box="[372,579,1038,1063]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" value="1970-09-05">5 September 1970</collectingDate>
</date>
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="3B69BB5B7712FFE9FDCCA76493A3FBD1" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1424726240" collectingDate="1970-08-31" collectionCode="RMNH" country="Guyana" elevation="51" latitude="7.4167" location="Guyana" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-57.1333" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" specimenCount="1">
<collectionCode id="ED1029C37712FFE9FDCCA76492DEFBBC" box="[591,675,1039,1062]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" name="National Museum of Natural History, Naturalis" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">RMNH</collectionCode>
Por. 9813, 
<collectingCountry id="F316F1967712FFE9FCA7A7649303FBBD" box="[804,894,1039,1063]" name="Guyana" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Guyana</collectingCountry>
, ‘Luymes’ 
<collectingCountry id="F316F1967712FFE9FC7DA7649428FBBD" box="[1022,1109,1039,1063]" name="Guyana" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Guyana</collectingCountry>
Shelf Expedition, station 68, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE35D7C17712FFE9FF14A7599179FBD1" box="[151,260,1074,1099]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" precision="5" value="7.4167">7.4167°N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE35D7C17712FFE9FE8EA75991F0FBD1" box="[269,397,1074,1099]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" precision="5" value="-57.1333">57.1333°W</geoCoordinate>
, depth 
<quantity id="4CF91CE37712FFE9FE60A759925DFBD0" box="[483,544,1074,1099]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.1" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" unit="m" value="51.0">
<elevation id="002C56357712FFE9FE60A759925DFBD0" box="[483,544,1074,1099]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.1" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" unit="m" value="51.0">51 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, muddy sand bottom, 
<date id="FFBF97C67712FFE9FCA0A75893A3FBD1" box="[803,990,1075,1099]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" value="1970-08-31">
<collectingDate id="EFFB6E2E7712FFE9FCA0A75893A3FBD1" box="[803,990,1075,1099]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" value="1970-08-31">31 August 1970</collectingDate>
</date>
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="3B69BB5B7712FFE9FC6FA75890AEFB09" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1424726237" collectingDate="1970-09-02" collectionCode="RMNH" country="Guyana" elevation="59" latitude="7.5667" location="Guyana" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-57.2667" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" specimenCount="1">
<collectionCode id="ED1029C37712FFE9FC6FA758943DFBD0" box="[1004,1088,1075,1098]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" name="National Museum of Natural History, Naturalis" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">RMNH</collectionCode>
Por. 9831, 
<collectingCountry id="F316F1967712FFE9FB4BA758955FFBD1" box="[1224,1314,1075,1099]" name="Guyana" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Guyana</collectingCountry>
, ‘Luymes’ 
<collectingCountry id="F316F1967712FFE9FF14A73C9093FBF5" box="[151,238,1111,1135]" name="Guyana" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Guyana</collectingCountry>
Shelf Expedition, station 87, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE35D7C17712FFE9FDCCA73D92C1FBF5" box="[591,700,1110,1135]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" precision="5" value="7.5667">7.5667°N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE35D7C17712FFE9FD45A73D933AFBF5" box="[710,839,1110,1135]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" precision="5" value="-57.2667">57.2667°W</geoCoordinate>
, depth 
<quantity id="4CF91CE37712FFE9FC23A73D93A3FBF4" box="[928,990,1110,1135]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.9" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" unit="m" value="59.0">
<elevation id="002C56357712FFE9FC23A73D93A3FBF4" box="[928,990,1110,1135]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.9" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" unit="m" value="59.0">59 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, bottom sand and shells, 
<date id="FFBF97C67712FFE9FA8FA73C90AEFB09" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" value="1970-09-02">
<collectingDate id="EFFB6E2E7712FFE9FA8FA73C90AEFB09" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" value="1970-09-02">2 September 1970</collectingDate>
</date>
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="3B69BB5B7712FFE9FF64A71092A6FB2D" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1424726232" collectingDate="1966-05-06" collectionCode="RMNH" collectorName="Snellius O. C. P. S." country="Suriname" elevation="59" latitude="7.0033" location="Suriname" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-56.4417" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" specimenCount="1">
<collectionCode id="ED1029C37712FFE9FF64A7109146FB08" box="[231,315,1147,1170]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" name="National Museum of Natural History, Naturalis" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">RMNH</collectionCode>
Por. 9862, 
<collectingCountry id="F316F1967712FFE9FE5AA711923AFB09" box="[473,583,1146,1171]" name="Suriname" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Suriname</collectingCountry>
, ‘ 
<collectorName id="26F4D4D07712FFE9FDE2A7119349FB09" box="[609,820,1146,1171]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Snellius O.C.P.S.</collectorName>
’ 
<collectingCountry id="F316F1967712FFE9FCC9A71093DCFB09" box="[842,929,1147,1171]" name="Guyana" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Guyana</collectingCountry>
Shelf Expedition, station F40, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE35D7C17712FFE9FAB3A71095E1FB09" box="[1328,1436,1147,1171]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" precision="5" value="7.0033">7.0033°N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE35D7C17712FFE9FF14A7F5916AFB2D" box="[151,279,1182,1207]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" precision="5" value="-56.4417">56.4417°W</geoCoordinate>
, depth 
<quantity id="4CF91CE37712FFE9FEE9A7F591DAFB2C" box="[362,423,1182,1207]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.9" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" unit="m" value="59.0">
<elevation id="002C56357712FFE9FEE9A7F591DAFB2C" box="[362,423,1182,1207]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.9" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" unit="m" value="59.0">59 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, bottom sand, 
<date id="FFBF97C67712FFE9FDCDA7F592A6FB2D" box="[590,731,1182,1207]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" value="1966-05-06">
<collectingDate id="EFFB6E2E7712FFE9FDCDA7F592A6FB2D" box="[590,731,1182,1207]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" value="1966-05-06">6 May 1966</collectingDate>
</date>
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="3B69BB5B7712FFE9FD64A7F494AEFB41" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1424726243" collectingDate="1966-05-07" collectionCode="RMNH" collectorName="Snellius O. C. P. S." country="Suriname" elevation="64" latitude="7.28" location="Suriname" longLatPrecision="555" longitude="-56.7933" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" specimenCount="1">
<collectionCode id="ED1029C37712FFE9FD64A7F49346FB2C" box="[743,827,1183,1206]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" name="National Museum of Natural History, Naturalis" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">RMNH</collectionCode>
Por. 9888, 9889, 9903, 
<collectingCountry id="F316F1967712FFE9FBCDA7F594C1FB2D" box="[1102,1212,1182,1207]" name="Suriname" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Suriname</collectingCountry>
, ‘ 
<collectorName id="26F4D4D07712FFE9FB4EA7F595EAFB2D" box="[1229,1431,1182,1207]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Snellius O.C.P.S.</collectorName>
’ 
<collectingCountry id="F316F1967712FFE9FF14A7A89093FB41" box="[151,238,1219,1243]" name="Guyana" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Guyana</collectingCountry>
Shelf Expedition, station G7, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE35D7C17712FFE9FDC1A7A892EFFB41" box="[578,658,1219,1243]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" precision="555" value="7.28">7.28°N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE35D7C17712FFE9FD1AA7A99367FB41" box="[665,794,1218,1243]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" precision="5" value="-56.7933">56.7933°W</geoCoordinate>
, depth 
<quantity id="4CF91CE37712FFE9FCE9A7A993DBFB40" box="[874,934,1218,1243]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.4" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" unit="m" value="64.0">
<elevation id="002C56357712FFE9FCE9A7A993DBFB40" box="[874,934,1218,1243]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.4" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" unit="m" value="64.0">64 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, bottom sand, 
<date id="FFBF97C67712FFE9FBCAA7A894AEFB41" box="[1097,1235,1218,1243]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" value="1966-05-07">
<collectingDate id="EFFB6E2E7712FFE9FBCAA7A894AEFB41" box="[1097,1235,1218,1243]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" value="1966-05-07">7 May 1966</collectingDate>
</date>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31BE28D7712FFEAFF44A78D93ECFF4E" lastPageId="70" lastPageNumber="71" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BBEB1067712FFE9FF44A78D90A1FA4D" blockId="69.[151,1437,894,2035]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">
<emphasis id="B9756D147712FFE9FF44A78D9124FB65" bold="true" box="[199,345,1254,1279]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Description.</emphasis>
Globular to semiglobular sponges (
<figureCitation id="133AAD837712FFE9FD64A78D9340FB65" box="[743,829,1254,1279]" captionStart="FIGURE 45" captionStartId="70.[151,250,1951,1973]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,977,1929]" captionTargetId="figure@70.[151,1436,977,1929]" captionTargetPageId="70" captionText="FIGURE 45. Stelletta crassispicula (Sollas, 1886), a, habitus of RMNH Por. 9888 (scale bar = 1 cm), b – f, SEM images of spicules, b, oxea 1 (anisoxea), b 1, details of b, c, oxea 2 (fusiform oxea), c 1, details of c, d, plagiotriaene 1, d 1, cladome of plagiotriaene 1, e, plagiotriaene 2, e 1, cladome of plagiotriaene 2, f, acanthotylaster." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/272996/files/figure.png" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Figs 45</figureCitation>
a, 46a–i), regularly rounded or more bumpy in outline. Color variously white, dirty white, red- or purple-brown in alcohol, but these colors also occur in various on-deck photos of specimens obtained in French Guyanan waters by the CREOCEAN expedition. Surface covered sparingly or more frequently by foreign objects such as shells or pieces of corals and bryozoans. Occasionally entirely smooth. Surface punctate to irregular, not hispid or rough. Size up to 
<quantity id="4CF91CE37712FFE9FB83A61C943BFA14" box="[1024,1094,1399,1423]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" unit="cm" value="10.0">10 cm</quantity>
in diameter. In cross section a clear white-colored cortex of 
<quantity id="4CF91CE37712FFE9FE61A6F19242FA28" box="[482,575,1434,1459]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" unit="mm" value="4.5" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="4.0">4–5 mm</quantity>
in thickness is visible; the choanosome is darker colored pale purple or dirty white.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBEB1067712FFE9FF44A689924CF9FD" blockId="69.[151,1437,894,2035]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">
<emphasis id="B9756D147712FFE9FF44A6899148FA61" bold="true" box="[199,309,1506,1531]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Skeleton.</emphasis>
Radiate, with long oxeas and rhabds of triaenes forming a strong palisade in the cortical region. Subcortically, there are regular spaced regions with tissue and microscleres, created by the shorter rhabds of the plagiotriaenes 2, separated by longer rhabds of the plagiotriaenes 1 and oxeas. Further down into the skeleton the radiate bundles become less distinct.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBEB1067712FFE9FF44A5199522F911" blockId="69.[151,1437,894,2035]" box="[199,1375,1650,1675]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">
<emphasis id="B9756D147712FFE9FF44A519914DF911" bold="true" box="[199,304,1650,1675]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Spicules.</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="133AAD837712FFE9FEBCA51991EEF911" box="[319,403,1650,1675]" captionStart="FIGURE 45" captionStartId="70.[151,250,1951,1973]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,977,1929]" captionTargetId="figure@70.[151,1436,977,1929]" captionTargetPageId="70" captionText="FIGURE 45. Stelletta crassispicula (Sollas, 1886), a, habitus of RMNH Por. 9888 (scale bar = 1 cm), b – f, SEM images of spicules, b, oxea 1 (anisoxea), b 1, details of b, c, oxea 2 (fusiform oxea), c 1, details of c, d, plagiotriaene 1, d 1, cladome of plagiotriaene 1, e, plagiotriaene 2, e 1, cladome of plagiotriaene 2, f, acanthotylaster." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/272996/files/figure.png" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Figs 45</figureCitation>
b–f, 47a–f) Oxeas in two categories, plagiotriaenes in two categories, acanthotylasters.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBEB1067712FFE9FF44A5FC92F9F949" blockId="69.[151,1437,894,2035]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">
Oxeas 1 (
<figureCitation id="133AAD837712FFE9FEB3A5FD91F5F935" box="[304,392,1686,1711]" captionStart="FIGURE 45" captionStartId="70.[151,250,1951,1973]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,977,1929]" captionTargetId="figure@70.[151,1436,977,1929]" captionTargetPageId="70" captionText="FIGURE 45. Stelletta crassispicula (Sollas, 1886), a, habitus of RMNH Por. 9888 (scale bar = 1 cm), b – f, SEM images of spicules, b, oxea 1 (anisoxea), b 1, details of b, c, oxea 2 (fusiform oxea), c 1, details of c, d, plagiotriaene 1, d 1, cladome of plagiotriaene 1, e, plagiotriaene 2, e 1, cladome of plagiotriaene 2, f, acanthotylaster." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/272996/files/figure.png" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Figs 45</figureCitation>
b,b1), anisoactine, with one end thinly tapering and the opposing end mucronate, often broken in the slides (n=4), 2700–4200 
<date id="FFBF97C67712FFE9FE76A5D0922DF949" box="[501,592,1722,1747]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" value="1919-10-25">x 19–25</date>
µm.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBEB1067712FFE9FF44A5B49576F96D" blockId="69.[151,1437,894,2035]" box="[199,1291,1758,1783]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">
Oxeas 2 (
<figureCitation id="133AAD837712FFE9FEB2A5B591F7F96D" box="[305,394,1758,1783]" captionStart="FIGURE 45" captionStartId="70.[151,250,1951,1973]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,977,1929]" captionTargetId="figure@70.[151,1436,977,1929]" captionTargetPageId="70" captionText="FIGURE 45. Stelletta crassispicula (Sollas, 1886), a, habitus of RMNH Por. 9888 (scale bar = 1 cm), b – f, SEM images of spicules, b, oxea 1 (anisoxea), b 1, details of b, c, oxea 2 (fusiform oxea), c 1, details of c, d, plagiotriaene 1, d 1, cladome of plagiotriaene 1, e, plagiotriaene 2, e 1, cladome of plagiotriaene 2, f, acanthotylaster." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/272996/files/figure.png" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Figs 45</figureCitation>
c,c1), symmetrical, fusiform, slightly curved, 1590– 
<emphasis id="B9756D147712FFE9FC4FA5B49479F96D" box="[972,1028,1759,1783]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">1920</emphasis>
–2120 
<date id="FFBF97C67712FFE9FBD1A5B494D1F96D" box="[1106,1196,1759,1783]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" value="1937-10-24">
x 24– 
<emphasis id="B9756D147712FFE9FB13A5B494D1F96D" box="[1168,1196,1759,1783]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">37</emphasis>
</date>
–57 µm.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBEB1067712FFE9FF44A46993C4F81D" blockId="69.[151,1437,894,2035]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">
Plagiotriaenes 1 (
<figureCitation id="133AAD837712FFE9FE0DA4699194F881" box="[398,489,1794,1819]" captionStart="FIGURE 45" captionStartId="70.[151,250,1951,1973]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,977,1929]" captionTargetId="figure@70.[151,1436,977,1929]" captionTargetPageId="70" captionText="FIGURE 45. Stelletta crassispicula (Sollas, 1886), a, habitus of RMNH Por. 9888 (scale bar = 1 cm), b – f, SEM images of spicules, b, oxea 1 (anisoxea), b 1, details of b, c, oxea 2 (fusiform oxea), c 1, details of c, d, plagiotriaene 1, d 1, cladome of plagiotriaene 1, e, plagiotriaene 2, e 1, cladome of plagiotriaene 2, f, acanthotylaster." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/272996/files/figure.png" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Figs 45</figureCitation>
d,d1), variably shaped, with rather long, straight or more often somewhat incurved cladi (approaching protriaene condition) or curved outward (approaching orthotriaene condition), and with the rhabd slightly constricted underneath the cladome, then tapering gradually to a sharp end; rhabdome 1820– 
<emphasis id="B9756D147712FFE9FF5EA4049168F81D" box="[221,277,1903,1927]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">2090</emphasis>
–2640 
<date id="FFBF97C67712FFE9FEE1A40491EFF81D" box="[354,402,1903,1927]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" value="1970-10">x 70</date>
– 
<emphasis id="B9756D147712FFE9FE22A40491C0F81D" box="[417,445,1903,1927]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">78</emphasis>
–84 µm, cladi 186– 
<emphasis id="B9756D147712FFE9FD14A40492BCF81D" box="[663,705,1903,1927]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">224</emphasis>
–294 
<date id="FFBF97C67712FFE9FC83A404934CF81D" box="[768,817,1903,1927]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" value="1942-10">x 42</date>
– 
<emphasis id="B9756D147712FFE9FCBCA4049326F81D" box="[831,859,1903,1927]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">49</emphasis>
–61 µm.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBEB1067712FFE9FF44A4F990B9F869" blockId="69.[151,1437,894,2035]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">
Plagiotriaenes 2 (
<figureCitation id="133AAD837712FFE9FE0FA4F9919BF831" box="[396,486,1938,1963]" captionStart="FIGURE 45" captionStartId="70.[151,250,1951,1973]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,977,1929]" captionTargetId="figure@70.[151,1436,977,1929]" captionTargetPageId="70" captionText="FIGURE 45. Stelletta crassispicula (Sollas, 1886), a, habitus of RMNH Por. 9888 (scale bar = 1 cm), b – f, SEM images of spicules, b, oxea 1 (anisoxea), b 1, details of b, c, oxea 2 (fusiform oxea), c 1, details of c, d, plagiotriaene 1, d 1, cladome of plagiotriaene 1, e, plagiotriaene 2, e 1, cladome of plagiotriaene 2, f, acanthotylaster." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/272996/files/figure.png" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Figs 45</figureCitation>
e,e1), more uniformly short- and straight-claded, rhabd similarly slightly constricted near the cladome, usually sharply pointed; rhabdome 330– 
<emphasis id="B9756D147712FFE9FCB3A4DC9327F855" box="[816,858,1975,1999]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">451</emphasis>
–576 
<date id="FFBF97C67712FFE9FC18A4DC945CF855" box="[923,1057,1975,1999]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" value="1929-10-13" valueMax="1929-10-24" valueMin="1929-10-13">
x 13– 
<emphasis id="B9756D147712FFE9FC58A4DC938AF855" box="[987,1015,1975,1999]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">24</emphasis>
–29
</date>
µm, cladi 20– 
<emphasis id="B9756D147712FFE9FB44A4DC949EF855" box="[1223,1251,1975,1999]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">51</emphasis>
–74 
<date id="FFBF97C67712FFE9FA96A4DC95E1F855" box="[1301,1436,1975,1999]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" value="1923-10-12" valueMax="1923-10-19" valueMin="1923-10-12">
x 12– 
<emphasis id="B9756D147712FFE9FAD5A4DC950FF855" box="[1366,1394,1975,1999]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">19</emphasis>
–23
</date>
µm.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBEB1067711FFEAFF44A3FC93ECFF4E" blockId="70.[151,1437,151,933]" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">
Tylasters (
<figureCitation id="133AAD837711FFEAFEBEA3FC91ECFF2A" box="[317,401,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURE 45" captionStartId="70.[151,250,1951,1973]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,977,1929]" captionTargetId="figure@70.[151,1436,977,1929]" captionTargetPageId="70" captionText="FIGURE 45. Stelletta crassispicula (Sollas, 1886), a, habitus of RMNH Por. 9888 (scale bar = 1 cm), b – f, SEM images of spicules, b, oxea 1 (anisoxea), b 1, details of b, c, oxea 2 (fusiform oxea), c 1, details of c, d, plagiotriaene 1, d 1, cladome of plagiotriaene 1, e, plagiotriaene 2, e 1, cladome of plagiotriaene 2, f, acanthotylaster." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/272996/files/figure.png" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">Fig. 45</figureCitation>
f), with smooth or sparingly spined rays and heavily spined tyles, variable in ray thickness and ray number; overall sizes 12– 
<emphasis id="B9756D147711FFEAFD92A3D7923FFF4E" box="[529,578,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">14.4</emphasis>
–18 µm, ray number 5– 
<emphasis id="B9756D147711FFEAFCC8A3D79313FF4E" box="[843,878,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">7.2</emphasis>
–9.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31BE28D7711FFEAFF44A3B4938AFE86" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BBEB1067711FFEAFF44A3B4938AFE86" blockId="70.[151,1437,151,933]" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">
<emphasis id="B9756D147711FFEAFF44A3B49184FF62" bold="true" box="[199,505,223,248]" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">Distribution and ecology.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="F316F1967711FFEAFD80A38B9227FF62" box="[515,602,224,248]" name="Guyana" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">Guyana</collectingCountry>
Shelf, NE 
<collectingCountry id="F316F1967711FFEAFD5CA3B4935EFF62" box="[735,803,223,248]" name="Brazil" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">Brazil</collectingCountry>
(see all records in Muricy 
<emphasis id="B9756D147711FFEAFBE7A38A94DDFF62" box="[1124,1184,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">et al.</emphasis>
2011), possibly 
<collectingCountry id="F316F1967711FFEAFAE1A38B90A5FE87" name="Cape Verde" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">
<collectingRegion id="49C57FE47711FFEAFAE1A38B95E1FF62" box="[1378,1436,224,248]" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">Cape</collectingRegion>
Verde
</collectingCountry>
Islands, on sandy bottoms, at 
<quantity id="4CF91CE37711FFEAFDA8A26F92F3FE86" box="[555,654,260,284]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.2" metricValueMax="8.1" metricValueMin="2.3" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" unit="m" value="52.0" valueMax="81.0" valueMin="23.0">23–81 m</quantity>
depth (
<collectingCountry id="F316F1967711FFEAFD61A26F9346FE86" box="[738,827,260,284]" name="Guyana" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">Guyana</collectingCountry>
Shelf 
<quantity id="4CF91CE37711FFEAFC07A26F9396FE86" box="[900,1003,260,285]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.6" metricValueMax="8.1" metricValueMin="5.1" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" unit="m" value="66.0" valueMax="81.0" valueMin="51.0">51–81 m</quantity>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31BE28D7711FFE6FF44A24C919CFD32" lastPageId="74" lastPageNumber="75" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BBEB1067711FFEAFF44A24C956BFC8F" blockId="70.[151,1437,151,933]" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">
<emphasis id="B9756D147711FFEAFF44A24C9146FEDA" bold="true" box="[199,315,295,320]" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">Remarks.</emphasis>
The 
<collectingRegion id="49C57FE47711FFEAFEF4A24C91B7FEDA" box="[375,458,295,320]" country="Sri Lanka" name="Central" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">Central</collectingRegion>
<collectingRegion id="49C57FE47711FFEAFE51A2439274FEA5" box="[466,521,296,319]" country="Tanzania" name="Mjini Magharibi" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">West</collectingRegion>
Atlantic region harbors a number of described 
<taxonomicName id="4C01CA857711FFEAFBABA24C94FEFEDA" box="[1064,1155,295,320]" class="Demospongiae" family="Ancorinidae" genus="Stelletta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9756D147711FFEAFBABA24C94FEFEDA" box="[1064,1155,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">Stelletta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species that appear very closely related, making it difficult to identify a given specimen. Their common characters are the possession of plagiotriaenes in combination with tylasters, accompanied by one or two oxea 
<typeStatus id="54BA0FA47711FFEAFB84A21B943FFE12" box="[1031,1090,368,392]" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">types</typeStatus>
and rare or absent anatriaenes. These are in particular 
<taxonomicName id="4C01CA857711FFEAFE23A2FF936FFE36" authority="Schmidt, 1870" authorityName="Schmidt" authorityYear="1870" box="[416,786,404,429]" class="Demospongiae" family="Ancorinidae" genus="Stelletta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="fibrosa">
<emphasis id="B9756D147711FFEAFE23A2FF922FFE37" box="[416,594,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">Stelletta fibrosa</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF90CCF77711FFEAFDE1A2FF9377FE36" author="Schmidt" box="[610,778,404,429]" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" refString="Schmidt, O. (1870) Grundzuge einer Spongien-Fauna des atlantischen Gebietes. Wilhelm Engelmann, Leipzig, iii - iv, 88 pp." type="book" year="1870">Schmidt, 1870</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
(as 
<taxonomicName id="4C01CA857711FFEAFCC7A2FF93D1FE31" box="[836,940,404,427]" class="Demospongiae" family="Ancorinidae" genus="Ancorina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9756D147711FFEAFCC7A2FF93D1FE31" box="[836,940,404,427]" italics="true" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">Ancorina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), 
<taxonomicName id="4C01CA857711FFEAFC45A2FF94E8FE36" box="[966,1173,404,429]" class="Demospongiae" family="Ancorinidae" genus="Stelletta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="anancora">
<emphasis id="B9756D147711FFEAFC45A2FF94E8FE36" box="[966,1173,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">Stelletta anancora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C01CA857711FFEAFB27A2FF95E1FE37" box="[1188,1436,404,429]" class="Demospongiae" family="Ancorinidae" genus="Stelletta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="crassispicula">
<emphasis id="B9756D147711FFEAFB27A2FF95E1FE37" box="[1188,1436,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">Stelletta crassispicula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C01CA857711FFEAFF45A2DC9119FE4A" box="[198,356,439,464]" class="Demospongiae" family="Ancorinidae" genus="Stelletta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="gigas">
<emphasis id="B9756D147711FFEAFF45A2DC9119FE4A" box="[198,356,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">Stelletta gigas</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, all three authored by 
<bibRefCitation id="EF90CCF77711FFEAFDE2A2DC9291FE4A" author="Sollas" box="[609,748,439,464]" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" refString="Sollas, W. J. (1886) Preliminary account of the Tetractinellid sponges dredged by H. M. S. ' Challenger' 1872 - 76. Part I. The Choristida. Scientific Proceedings of the Royal Dublin Society (new series), 5, 177 - 199." type="journal article" year="1886">Sollas, 1886</bibRefCitation>
(as 
<taxonomicName id="4C01CA857711FFEAFC99A2DC93ECFE4A" box="[794,913,439,464]" class="Demospongiae" family="Ancorinidae" genus="Pilochrota" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9756D147711FFEAFC99A2DC93ECFE4A" box="[794,913,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">Pilochrota</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), 
<taxonomicName id="4C01CA857711FFEAFC2BA2DC940BFE4A" box="[936,1142,439,464]" class="Demospongiae" family="Ancorinidae" genus="Stelletta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="variabilis">
<emphasis id="B9756D147711FFEAFC2BA2DC940BFE4A" box="[936,1142,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">Stelletta variabilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C01CA857711FFEAFB2FA2DC9521FE4A" box="[1196,1372,439,464]" class="Demospongiae" family="Ancorinidae" genus="Stelletta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="globulariformis">
<emphasis id="B9756D147711FFEAFB2FA2DC9521FE4A" box="[1196,1372,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">globulariformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, both authored by 
<bibRefCitation id="EF90CCF77711FFEAFEA6A2B791C0FE6E" author="Wilson" box="[293,445,476,501]" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" refString="Wilson, H. V. (1902) [1900] The sponges collected in Porto Rico in 1899 by the U. S. Fish Commission Steamer Fish Hawk. Bulletin of the United States Fish Commission, 2, 375 - 411." type="journal article" year="1902">Wilson, 1902</bibRefCitation>
(as 
<taxonomicName id="4C01CA857711FFEAFE6DA2B79218FE6F" box="[494,613,476,501]" class="Demospongiae" family="Ancorinidae" genus="Pilochrota" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9756D147711FFEAFE6DA2B79218FE6F" box="[494,613,476,501]" italics="true" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">Pilochrota</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), 
<taxonomicName id="4C01CA857711FFEAFDFEA2B79386FE6E" authority="Uliczka, 1929" authorityName="Uliczka" authorityYear="1929" box="[637,1019,476,501]" class="Demospongiae" family="Ancorinidae" genus="Stelletta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="incrustata">
<emphasis id="B9756D147711FFEAFDFEA2B7932FFE6E" box="[637,850,476,501]" italics="true" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">Stelletta incrustata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF90CCF77711FFEAFCD9A2B79386FE6E" author="Uliczka" box="[858,1019,476,501]" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" refString="Uliczka, E. (1929) Die tetraxonen Schwamme Westindiens (auf Grund der Ergebnisse der Reise Kukenthal-Hartmeyer). In: Kukenthal, W. &amp; Hartmeyer, R. (Eds.), Ergebnisse einer zoologischen Forschungsreise nach Westindien. Zoologische Jahrbucher, Abteilung fur Systematik, Geographie und Biologie der Thiere, Supplement 16, 35 - 62." type="journal article" year="1929">Uliczka, 1929</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C01CA857711FFEAFB8BA2B790A5FD82" authority="De Laubenfels, 1936" authorityName="De Laubenfels" authorityYear="1936" class="Demospongiae" family="Ancorinidae" genus="Stelletta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="kallitetilla">
<emphasis id="B9756D147711FFEAFB8BA2B794A3FE6F" box="[1032,1246,476,501]" italics="true" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">Stelletta kallitetilla</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF90CCF77711FFEAFB6DA2B790ADFD82" author="De" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" refString="De Laubenfels, M. W. (1936) A discussion of the sponge fauna of the Dry Tortugas, in particular, and the West Indies in general, with material for a revision of the families and orders of the Porifera. Carnegie Institution of Washington Publication, 467 (Tortugas Laboratory Paper, 30, 1 - 225." type="journal article" year="1936">De Laubenfels, 1936</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
(as 
<taxonomicName id="4C01CA857711FFEAFE88A16A9106FD82" box="[267,379,513,536]" class="Demospongiae" family="Ancorinidae" genus="Myriastra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9756D147711FFEAFE88A16A9106FD82" box="[267,379,513,536]" italics="true" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">Myriastra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), 
<taxonomicName id="4C01CA857711FFEAFE17A29493BBFD82" authority="Cosme &amp; Peixinho, 2007" authorityName="Cosme &amp; Peixinho" authorityYear="2007" box="[404,966,511,536]" class="Demospongiae" family="Ancorinidae" genus="Stelletta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="soteropolitana">
<emphasis id="B9756D147711FFEAFE17A29492E7FD82" box="[404,666,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">Stelletta soteropolitana</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF90CCF77711FFEAFD20A16B93BBFD82" author="Cosme" box="[675,966,511,536]" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" refString="Cosme, B. &amp; Peixinho, S. (2007) A new species of Stelletta (Astrophorida: Demospongiae) with a redescription and distribution range expansion for Stelletta kallitetilla in the Southwestern Atlantic Region. In: Custodio, M. R., Lobo-Hajdu, G., Hajdu, E. &amp; Muricy, G. (Eds.), Porifera Research: Biodiversity, Innovation and Sustainability. Museu Nacional, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, pp. 275 - 280." type="book chapter" year="2007">Cosme &amp; Peixinho, 2007</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, and 
<taxonomicName id="4C01CA857711FFEAFB87A2949422FD82" box="[1028,1119,511,536]" class="Demospongiae" family="Ancorinidae" genus="Stelletta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9756D147711FFEAFB87A2949422FD82" box="[1028,1119,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">Stelletta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
spec. sensu 
<bibRefCitation id="EF90CCF77711FFEAFB72A29490AEFDA6" author="Cardenas" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" refString="Cardenas, P., Menegola, C., Rapp, H. T. &amp; Diaz, M. C. (2009) Morphological description and DNA barcodes of shallow-water Tetractinellida (Porifera: Demospongiae) from Bocas del Toro, Panama, with description of a new species. Zootaxa, 2276, 1 - 39." type="journal article" year="2009">
Cárdenas 
<emphasis id="B9756D147711FFEAFAE1A16A95E1FD82" box="[1378,1436,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">et al.</emphasis>
2009
</bibRefCitation>
. The species descriptions are predominantly single specimen descriptions as is common in sponge taxonomy, and the extent of character variation is usually not known. In the present case, I am fortunate in having before me ten similar specimens, from nine stations spread over the full breadth of the 
<collectingCountry id="F316F1967711FFEAFC6DA1079438FD1E" box="[1006,1093,620,644]" name="Guyana" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">Guyana</collectingCountry>
shelf, presumably of the same species, all recognizable as globular individuals with large central vent, a surface encrusted by one or more shell- and coral-fragments, and having a color in alcohol varying from whitish to purple-brown. It is possible that the purple-brown color is not natural to the sponges, as in one case at least it was collected in combination with a verongid specimen, which is known to cause purple discoloration of objects preserved together with it.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBEB1067711FFEAFF44A04B93B5FCA2" blockId="70.[151,1437,151,933]" box="[199,968,799,824]" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">In these ten specimens we note the following variation in characters:</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBEB1067711FFEAFF44A02F9507FCC7" blockId="70.[151,1437,151,933]" box="[199,1402,836,861]" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">
Size of the body: 
<quantity id="4CF91CE37711FFEAFE0FA02F9190FCC6" box="[396,493,836,860]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" unit="cm" value="6.5" valueMax="10.0" valueMin="3.0">3–10 cm</quantity>
diameter (see 
<figureCitation id="133AAD837711FFEAFD11A02F9298FCC7" box="[658,741,836,861]" captionStart="FIGURE 46" captionStartId="71.[151,250,1942,1964]" captionTargetBox="[232,1347,193,1902]" captionTargetId="figure@71.[232,1347,193,1902]" captionTargetPageId="71" captionText="FIGURE 46. Stelletta crassispicula (Sollas, 1886), habitus images of various Guyana Shelf specimens, scale bars = 1 cm, a, RMNH Por. 9888, b, RMNH Por. 9813, c, RMNH Por. 9903, d, RMNH Por. 9889, e, RMNH Por. 9298, f, RMNH Por. 9337, g, RMNH Por. 9831, h, RMNH Por. 9335, i, RMNH Por. 9862." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/272997/files/figure.png" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">Figs 46</figureCitation>
a–i for an overview of the habits of nine of the specimens).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBEB1067711FFEAFF44A00C927EFC3E" blockId="70.[151,1437,151,933]" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">
Variation in vents: smaller individuals have a single opening, 
<quantity id="4CF91CE37711FFEAFCFFA00C939AFCE5" box="[892,999,871,896]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="0.5" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" unit="mm" value="10.0" valueMax="15.0" valueMin="5.0">5–15 mm</quantity>
in diameter, larger individuals of 
<quantity id="4CF91CE37711FFEAFAE7A00390C4FC3E" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="8.0" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" unit="cm" value="9.0" valueMax="10.0" valueMin="8.0">8–10 cm</quantity>
may have an additional vent.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF7EE18E7711FFEAFF14A4F49397F868" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/272996/files/figure.png" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" targetBox="[151,1436,977,1929]" targetPageId="70">
<paragraph id="8BBEB1067711FFEAFF14A4F49397F868" blockId="70.[151,1436,1951,2034]" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">
<emphasis id="B9756D147711FFEAFF14A4F4915CF82E" bold="true" box="[151,289,1951,1973]" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">FIGURE 45.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C01CA857711FFEAFEA9A4F492D9F82F" authority="Sollas, 1886" authorityName="Sollas" authorityYear="1886" box="[298,676,1951,1973]" class="Demospongiae" family="Ancorinidae" genus="Stelletta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="crassispicula">
<emphasis id="B9756D147711FFEAFEA9A4F49277F82F" box="[298,522,1951,1973]" italics="true" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">Stelletta crassispicula</emphasis>
(Sollas, 1886)
</taxonomicName>
, a, habitus of RMNH Por. 9888 (scale bar = 1 cm), b–f, SEM images of spicules, b, oxea 1 (
<taxonomicName id="4C01CA857711FFEAFEE5A4D691B9F849" box="[358,452,1981,2003]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Penares" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="anisoxea">anisoxea</taxonomicName>
), b1, details of b, c, oxea 2 (fusiform oxea), c1, details of c, d, plagiotriaene 1, d1, cladome of plagiotriaene 1, e, plagiotriaene 2, e1, cladome of plagiotriaene 2, f, acanthotylaster.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF7EE18E7710FFEBFF14A4FD9283F870" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/272997/files/figure.png" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" targetBox="[232,1347,193,1902]" targetPageId="71">
<paragraph id="8BBEB1067710FFEBFF14A4FD9283F870" blockId="71.[151,1436,1942,2026]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
<emphasis id="B9756D147710FFEBFF14A4FD915CF831" bold="true" box="[151,289,1942,1964]" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">FIGURE 46.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C01CA857710FFEBFEABA4FD92DCF836" authority="Sollas, 1886" authorityName="Sollas" authorityYear="1886" box="[296,673,1942,1964]" class="Demospongiae" family="Ancorinidae" genus="Stelletta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="crassispicula">
<emphasis id="B9756D147710FFEBFEABA4FD9275F836" box="[296,520,1942,1964]" italics="true" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Stelletta crassispicula</emphasis>
(Sollas, 1886)
</taxonomicName>
, habitus images of various Guyana Shelf specimens, scale bars = 1 cm, a, RMNH Por. 9888, b, RMNH Por. 9813, c, RMNH Por. 9903, d, RMNH Por. 9889, e, RMNH Por. 9298, f, RMNH Por. 9337, g, RMNH Por. 9831, h, RMNH Por. 9335, i, RMNH Por. 9862.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF7EE18E771FFFE4FF14A5849395F8D8" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/272998/files/figure.png" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" targetBox="[151,1436,155,1753]" targetPageId="72">
<paragraph id="8BBEB106771FFFE4FF14A5849395F8D8" blockId="72.[151,1436,1775,1858]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
<emphasis id="B9756D14771FFFE4FF14A584915FF89E" bold="true" box="[151,290,1775,1797]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">FIGURE 47.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C01CA85771FFFE4FEA9A58492D8F89F" authority="Sollas, 1886" authorityName="Sollas" authorityYear="1886" box="[298,677,1775,1797]" class="Demospongiae" family="Ancorinidae" genus="Stelletta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="crassispicula">
<emphasis id="B9756D14771FFFE4FEA9A5849277F89F" box="[298,522,1775,1797]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Stelletta crassispicula</emphasis>
(Sollas, 1886)
</taxonomicName>
, SEM images showing variability of triaenes and tylasters in the various Guyana Shelf specimens, a1–f1, cladomes of plagiotriaenes 1 of RMNH Por. 9888, 9813, 9903, 9298, 9335, 9862, a2–f2, cladomes of plagiotriaenes 2 of ditto specimens, a3–f3, tylasters of ditto specimens.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BBEB106771FFFE4FF44A40392CFF81B" blockId="72.[151,1436,1896,2029]" box="[199,690,1896,1921]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Variation in smooth outline or more bumpy.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBEB106771FFFE4FF44A4E7929BF83F" blockId="72.[151,1436,1896,2029]" box="[199,742,1932,1957]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Variation in color from whitish to purple-brown.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBEB106771FFFE4FF44A4DB9554F877" blockId="72.[151,1436,1896,2029]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Spicule complement: little variation, always with two categories of oxeas, two categories of plagiotriaenes, no anatriaenes have been observed in any of the specimens, a single but quite variable category of tylasters.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBEB106771EFFE5FF44A3FC92E0FF2A" blockId="73.[151,1436,151,2013]" box="[199,669,151,176]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
Size of oxeas 1: 
<quantity id="4CF91CE3771EFFE5FE03A3FC927AFF35" box="[384,519,151,176]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.6" metricValueMax="4.5" metricValueMin="2.7" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" unit="mm" value="3.6" valueMax="4.5" valueMin="2.7">2.7–4.5 mm</quantity>
<date id="FFBF97C6771EFFE5FD8DA3F39215FF2A" box="[526,616,152,176]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" value="1942-10-20">x 20–42</date>
µm.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBEB106771EFFE5FF44A3D792E0FF4F" blockId="73.[151,1436,151,2013]" box="[199,669,188,213]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
Size of oxeas 2: 
<quantity id="4CF91CE3771EFFE5FE03A3D7927AFF4E" box="[384,519,188,213]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" metricValueMax="2.3" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" unit="mm" value="1.9" valueMax="2.3" valueMin="1.5">1.5–2.3 mm</quantity>
<date id="FFBF97C6771EFFE5FD8DA3D69215FF4E" box="[526,616,188,212]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" value="1984-10-24">x 24–84</date>
µm.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBEB106771EFFE5FF44A3B49287FF62" blockId="73.[151,1436,151,2013]" box="[199,762,223,248]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
Size of plagiotriaenes 1: 1.2–4.0 mm 
<date id="FFBF97C6771EFFE5FDE8A38B92E0FF62" box="[619,669,223,248]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" value="1942-10">x 42</date>
–85 µm.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBEB106771EFFE5FF44A26F92ABFE87" blockId="73.[151,1436,151,2013]" box="[199,726,260,285]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
Size of plagiotriaenes 2: 330–600 
<date id="FFBF97C6771EFFE5FDC5A26E92DCFE87" box="[582,673,260,285]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" value="2012-10-25">x 12–25</date>
µm.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBEB106771EFFE5FF44A24C9315FE12" blockId="73.[151,1436,151,2013]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
Shape of cladome of plagiotriaene 1 (see 
<figureCitation id="133AAD83771EFFE5FD1AA24C928CFEDA" box="[665,753,295,320]" captionStart="FIGURE 47" captionStartId="72.[151,250,1775,1797]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,155,1753]" captionTargetId="figure@72.[151,1436,155,1753]" captionTargetPageId="72" captionText="FIGURE 47. Stelletta crassispicula (Sollas, 1886), SEM images showing variability of triaenes and tylasters in the various Guyana Shelf specimens, a 1 – f 1, cladomes of plagiotriaenes 1 of RMNH Por. 9888, 9813, 9903, 9298, 9335, 9862, a 2 – f 2, cladomes of plagiotriaenes 2 of ditto specimens, a 3 – f 3, tylasters of ditto specimens." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/272998/files/figure.png" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Figs 47</figureCitation>
a1–f1): quite variable within and among the specimens: cladi straight, incurved, somewhat recurved, backcurved, or occasionally flaring upwards and outwards. The difference with pro- and orthotriaenes becomes debatable in these spicules.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBEB106771EFFE5FF44A2FF9233FE4A" blockId="73.[151,1436,151,2013]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
Shape of cladome of plagiotriaene 2 (see 
<figureCitation id="133AAD83771EFFE5FD2EA2FF9379FE37" box="[685,772,404,429]" captionStart="FIGURE 47" captionStartId="72.[151,250,1775,1797]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,155,1753]" captionTargetId="figure@72.[151,1436,155,1753]" captionTargetPageId="72" captionText="FIGURE 47. Stelletta crassispicula (Sollas, 1886), SEM images showing variability of triaenes and tylasters in the various Guyana Shelf specimens, a 1 – f 1, cladomes of plagiotriaenes 1 of RMNH Por. 9888, 9813, 9903, 9298, 9335, 9862, a 2 – f 2, cladomes of plagiotriaenes 2 of ditto specimens, a 3 – f 3, tylasters of ditto specimens." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/272998/files/figure.png" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Figs 47</figureCitation>
a2–f2): much more uniform, usually straight with conical cladi, frequently also slightly incurved.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBEB106771EFFE5FF44A2B791BFFD82" blockId="73.[151,1436,151,2013]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
Tylasters, quite variable (see 
<figureCitation id="133AAD83771EFFE5FD8FA2B7921DFE6F" box="[524,608,476,501]" captionStart="FIGURE 47" captionStartId="72.[151,250,1775,1797]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,155,1753]" captionTargetId="figure@72.[151,1436,155,1753]" captionTargetPageId="72" captionText="FIGURE 47. Stelletta crassispicula (Sollas, 1886), SEM images showing variability of triaenes and tylasters in the various Guyana Shelf specimens, a 1 – f 1, cladomes of plagiotriaenes 1 of RMNH Por. 9888, 9813, 9903, 9298, 9335, 9862, a 2 – f 2, cladomes of plagiotriaenes 2 of ditto specimens, a 3 – f 3, tylasters of ditto specimens." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/272998/files/figure.png" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Figs 47</figureCitation>
a3–f3) diameter: 8–18 µm, sometimes appearing in two overlapping sizes; ray thickness: 0.7–2.5 µm;
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBEB106771EFFE5FF44A14F908BFDFA" blockId="73.[151,1436,151,2013]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Spination of tylasters: usually smooth rays, with heavily spined apices, often with a few spines on the shaft of the rays.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBEB106771EFFE5FF4CA10693E8FC77" blockId="73.[151,1436,151,2013]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
We identify these ten specimens with Sollas’ (1886) 
<taxonomicName id="4C01CA85771EFFE5FCAAA1079441FD1F" box="[809,1084,620,645]" class="Demospongiae" family="Ancorinidae" genus="Pilochrota" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="crassispicula">
<emphasis id="B9756D14771EFFE5FCAAA1079441FD1F" box="[809,1084,620,645]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Pilochrota crassispicula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. This is described as a greyish white globular sponge, with a spicule complement of two categories of oxeas (fusiform and thin-anisoxeote), plagiotriaenes with conical cladi, a thick rhabdome with thinly tapering shaft, a cladome with incurved cladi, and quite variable tylasters, suggested to occur in a smaller and larger form, 12–19 µm in diameter. The oxea- and plagiotriaene sizes cited by Sollas are single measurements, but these are close to the sizes presented here above, especially the thickness of the plagiotriaenes. Other, closely related forms, 
<taxonomicName id="4C01CA85771EFFE5FC71A07494EFFCA2" box="[1010,1170,799,824]" class="Demospongiae" family="Ancorinidae" genus="Stelletta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="gigas">
<emphasis id="B9756D14771EFFE5FC71A07494EFFCA2" box="[1010,1170,799,824]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Stelletta gigas</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C01CA85771EFFE5FB4EA07495E1FCA2" box="[1229,1436,799,824]" class="Demospongiae" family="Ancorinidae" genus="Stelletta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="anancora">
<emphasis id="B9756D14771EFFE5FB4EA07495E1FCA2" box="[1229,1436,799,824]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Stelletta anancora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
described by Sollas from the same general region differ in that respect from 
<taxonomicName id="4C01CA85771EFFE5FB8CA02E94BCFCC7" box="[1039,1217,836,861]" class="Demospongiae" family="Ancorinidae" genus="Pilochrota" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="crassispicula">
<emphasis id="B9756D14771EFFE5FB8CA02E94BCFCC7" box="[1039,1217,836,861]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">S. crassispicula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Sollas cites for 
<taxonomicName id="4C01CA85771EFFE5FA04A02E917EFC1A" class="Demospongiae" family="Ancorinidae" genus="Stelletta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="anancora">
<emphasis id="B9756D14771EFFE5FA04A02E917EFC1A" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">S. anancora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
oxeas only 23 µm in thickness, for 
<taxonomicName id="4C01CA85771EFFE5FD29A0039320FC1A" box="[682,861,871,896]" class="Demospongiae" family="Ancorinidae" genus="Pilochrota" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="crassispicula">
<emphasis id="B9756D14771EFFE5FD29A0039320FC1A" box="[682,861,871,896]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">S. crassispicula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
he gives 51 µm. Likewise, he cites for 
<taxonomicName id="4C01CA85771EFFE5FAB2A00295E1FC1A" box="[1329,1436,873,896]" class="Demospongiae" family="Ancorinidae" genus="Stelletta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="anancora">
<emphasis id="B9756D14771EFFE5FAB2A00295E1FC1A" box="[1329,1436,873,896]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">anancora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
plagiotriaene rhabdomes a thickness of 27 µm, and for 
<taxonomicName id="4C01CA85771EFFE5FC86A0E793E4FC3F" box="[773,921,908,933]" class="Demospongiae" family="Ancorinidae" genus="Pilochrota" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="crassispicula">
<emphasis id="B9756D14771EFFE5FC86A0E793E4FC3F" box="[773,921,908,933]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">crassispicula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
79 µm. The measurements for our specimens are clearly closer to those of 
<taxonomicName id="4C01CA85771EFFE5FE5CA0DB92EDFC52" box="[479,656,943,968]" class="Demospongiae" family="Ancorinidae" genus="Pilochrota" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="crassispicula">
<emphasis id="B9756D14771EFFE5FE5CA0DB92EDFC52" box="[479,656,943,968]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">S. crassispicula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
than to 
<taxonomicName id="4C01CA85771EFFE5FD6FA0DB9309FC52" box="[748,884,944,968]" class="Demospongiae" family="Ancorinidae" genus="Stelletta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="anancora">
<emphasis id="B9756D14771EFFE5FD6FA0DB9309FC52" box="[748,884,944,968]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">S. anancora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, although the possibility that these two ‘species’ are merely extremes of a variable single species cannot be excluded.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBEB106771EFFE5FF44A093909DF9B6" blockId="73.[151,1436,151,2013]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
<bibRefCitation id="EF90CCF7771EFFE5FF44A0939105FB8A" author="Topsent" box="[199,376,1016,1040]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" refString="Topsent, E. (1922) Sur Stelletta crassispicula Sollas et son synonyme Stelletta crassiclada Lendenfeld. Bulletin de l'Institut oceanographique, Monaco, 416, 1 - 3." type="journal article" year="1922">Topsent (1922)</bibRefCitation>
compared specimens from the Cape Verde Islands with Sollas’ description of 
<taxonomicName id="4C01CA85771EFFE5FAC2A09C9156FBAF" class="Demospongiae" family="Ancorinidae" genus="Stelletta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="crassispicula">
<emphasis id="B9756D14771EFFE5FAC2A09C9156FBAF" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Stelletta crassispicula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. According to him, the only consistent difference between specimens from both sides of the Atlantic is the (rhabdome) size of the plagiotriaenes, the Cape Verde specimens having larger (longer and thicker) plagiotriaenes than the Brazilian specimens, a difference not meriting specific separation in his opinion. For that reason he also synonymized Lendenfeld’s (1907) Cape Verdian species 
<taxonomicName id="4C01CA85771EFFE5FC43A7EC94DEFB3A" box="[960,1187,1159,1184]" class="Demospongiae" family="Ancorinidae" genus="Stelletta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="crassiclada">
<emphasis id="B9756D14771EFFE5FC43A7EC94DEFB3A" box="[960,1187,1159,1184]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Stelletta crassiclada</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with 
<taxonomicName id="4C01CA85771EFFE5FB67A7E395E8FB3A" box="[1252,1429,1159,1184]" class="Demospongiae" family="Ancorinidae" genus="Stelletta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="crassispicula">
<emphasis id="B9756D14771EFFE5FB67A7E395E8FB3A" box="[1252,1429,1159,1184]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">S. crassispicula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Topsent’s (1922) choice of 
<taxonomicName id="4C01CA85771EFFE5FE4AA7C792C2FB5F" box="[457,703,1196,1221]" class="Demospongiae" family="Ancorinidae" genus="Stelletta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="crassispicula">
<emphasis id="B9756D14771EFFE5FE4AA7C792C2FB5F" box="[457,703,1196,1221]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Stelletta crassispicula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
may be interpreted as the action of a First Revisor in the sense of the ICZN. In line with this, 
<bibRefCitation id="EF90CCF7771EFFE5FE62A7BB92F9FB72" author="Burton" box="[481,644,1231,1256]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" refString="Burton, M. (1954) Sponges. In: The ' Rosaura' Expedition. Part 5. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Zoology, 2 (6), 215 - 239." type="journal article" year="1954">Burton (1954)</bibRefCitation>
synonymized all Central Atlantic 
<taxonomicName id="4C01CA85771EFFE5FB96A7A4940DFB72" box="[1045,1136,1231,1256]" class="Demospongiae" family="Ancorinidae" genus="Stelletta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9756D14771EFFE5FB96A7A4940DFB72" box="[1045,1136,1231,1256]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Stelletta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species of Sollas under a single species, but unwisely insisted that 
<taxonomicName id="4C01CA85771EFFE5FD08A79F9380FA97" authority="Sollas, 1886" authorityName="Sollas" authorityYear="1886" box="[651,1021,1268,1293]" class="Demospongiae" family="Ancorinidae" genus="Stelletta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="anancora">
<emphasis id="B9756D14771EFFE5FD08A79F9322FA96" box="[651,863,1268,1293]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Stelletta anancora</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF90CCF7771EFFE5FCEFA79F9380FA97" author="Sollas" box="[876,1021,1268,1293]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" refString="Sollas, W. J. (1886) Preliminary account of the Tetractinellid sponges dredged by H. M. S. ' Challenger' 1872 - 76. Part I. The Choristida. Scientific Proceedings of the Royal Dublin Society (new series), 5, 177 - 199." type="journal article" year="1886">Sollas, 1886</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
had to be the valid name for the synonymized species, instead of following Topsent, arguing that 
<taxonomicName id="4C01CA85771EFFE5FCFDA6739475FAAA" box="[894,1032,1304,1328]" class="Demospongiae" family="Ancorinidae" genus="Stelletta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="anancora">
<emphasis id="B9756D14771EFFE5FCFDA6739475FAAA" box="[894,1032,1304,1328]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">S. anancora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was the first species mentioned by Sollas in the 1886 paper. This is weakened by the fact (1) Topsent chose to use 
<taxonomicName id="4C01CA85771EFFE5FBA1A6579565FACF" box="[1058,1304,1340,1365]" class="Demospongiae" family="Ancorinidae" genus="Stelletta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="crassispicula">
<emphasis id="B9756D14771EFFE5FBA1A6579565FACF" box="[1058,1304,1340,1365]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Stelletta crassispicula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and if that would turn out to be synonymous with 
<taxonomicName id="4C01CA85771EFFE5FDCCA60B92AAFAE2" box="[591,727,1376,1400]" class="Demospongiae" family="Ancorinidae" genus="Stelletta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="anancora">
<emphasis id="B9756D14771EFFE5FDCCA60B92AAFAE2" box="[591,727,1376,1400]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">S. anancora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, there would be no reason to choose that name in preference to 
<taxonomicName id="4C01CA85771EFFE5FF14A6EF9156FA07" box="[151,299,1412,1437]" class="Demospongiae" family="Ancorinidae" genus="Stelletta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="crassispicula">
<emphasis id="B9756D14771EFFE5FF14A6EF9156FA07" box="[151,299,1412,1437]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">crassispicula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and (2) that Sollas treated 
<taxonomicName id="4C01CA85771EFFE5FDF2A6EE9286FA06" box="[625,763,1413,1436]" class="Demospongiae" family="Ancorinidae" genus="Stelletta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="anancora">
<emphasis id="B9756D14771EFFE5FDF2A6EE9286FA06" box="[625,763,1413,1436]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">S. anancora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
later in the 1888 monographic Challenger report with the proper extensive descriptions and illustrations. Burton did not attempt a close comparison of the descriptions of all the species concerned (
<taxonomicName id="4C01CA85771EFFE5FE25A6A6924DFA7E" box="[422,560,1485,1508]" class="Demospongiae" family="Ancorinidae" genus="Stelletta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="anancora">
<emphasis id="B9756D14771EFFE5FE25A6A6924DFA7E" box="[422,560,1485,1508]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">S. anancora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C01CA85771EFFE5FDC1A6A69288FA7F" box="[578,757,1484,1509]" class="Demospongiae" family="Ancorinidae" genus="Stelletta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="crassispicula">
<emphasis id="B9756D14771EFFE5FDC1A6A69288FA7F" box="[578,757,1484,1509]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">S. crassispicula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C01CA85771EFFE5FC84A6A6931EFA7E" box="[775,867,1485,1508]" class="Demospongiae" family="Ancorinidae" genus="Stelletta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="gigas">
<emphasis id="B9756D14771EFFE5FC84A6A6931EFA7E" box="[775,867,1485,1508]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">S. gigas</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C01CA85771EFFE5FCF7A6A69460FA7F" box="[884,1053,1484,1509]" class="Demospongiae" family="Ancorinidae" genus="Stelletta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="tenuispicula">
<emphasis id="B9756D14771EFFE5FCF7A6A69460FA7F" box="[884,1053,1484,1509]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">S. tenuispicula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and 
<taxonomicName id="4C01CA85771EFFE5FBE2A6A695EDFA7F" authority="Lendenfeld" authorityName="Lendenfeld" box="[1121,1424,1484,1509]" class="Demospongiae" family="Ancorinidae" genus="Stelletta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="crassiclada">
<emphasis id="B9756D14771EFFE5FBE2A6A6957FFA7F" box="[1121,1282,1484,1509]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">S. crassiclada</emphasis>
Lendenfeld
</taxonomicName>
), merely stating they are all the same species. This cannot be considered an action of First Revisor in the sense of the ICZN.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBEB106771EFFE5FF44A55C9553F8B2" blockId="73.[151,1436,151,2013]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
<bibRefCitation id="EF90CCF7771EFFE5FF44A55C91BEF9CA" author="Boury-Esnault" box="[199,451,1591,1616]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" refString="Boury-Esnault, N. (1973) Resultats scientifiques des campagnes de la &quot; Calypso &quot;." type="book" year="1973">Boury-Esnault (1973)</bibRefCitation>
regrettably followed Burton’s nomenclature and assigned Brazilian material to 
<taxonomicName id="4C01CA85771EFFE5FA04A553917EF9EE" class="Demospongiae" family="Ancorinidae" genus="Stelletta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="anancora">
<emphasis id="B9756D14771EFFE5FA04A553917EF9EE" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">S. anancora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(as 
<taxonomicName id="4C01CA85771EFFE5FEB0A53691DEF9EE" box="[307,419,1629,1652]" class="Demospongiae" family="Ancorinidae" genus="Myriastra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9756D14771EFFE5FEB0A53691DEF9EE" box="[307,419,1629,1652]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Myriastra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), but judging from the spicule sizes, it is likely that her specimens were conforming to 
<taxonomicName id="4C01CA85771EFFE5FA04A5369156F902" class="Demospongiae" family="Ancorinidae" genus="Stelletta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="crassispicula">
<emphasis id="B9756D14771EFFE5FA04A5369156F902" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">S. crassispicula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as understood here. Hajdu 
<emphasis id="B9756D14771EFFE5FDF3A5EA92D1F902" box="[624,684,1663,1688]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">et al.</emphasis>
(2011) reported the occurrence of 
<taxonomicName id="4C01CA85771EFFE5FBCAA5EB94A9F902" box="[1097,1236,1664,1688]" class="Demospongiae" family="Ancorinidae" genus="Stelletta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="anancora">
<emphasis id="B9756D14771EFFE5FBCAA5EB94A9F902" box="[1097,1236,1664,1688]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">S. anancora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from NE 
<collectingCountry id="F316F196771EFFE5FAD3A51495E5F902" box="[1360,1432,1663,1688]" name="Brazil" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Brazil</collectingCountry>
, likewise probably conforming to our material, but the drawing of oxyasters provided by these authors casts doubt on this. Muricy 
<emphasis id="B9756D14771EFFE5FEC9A5A291FFF97A" box="[330,386,1735,1760]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">et al.</emphasis>
(2011) pictured Burton’s 
<taxonomicName id="4C01CA85771EFFE5FD27A5A39351F97A" box="[676,812,1736,1760]" class="Demospongiae" family="Ancorinidae" genus="Stelletta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="anancora">
<emphasis id="B9756D14771EFFE5FD27A5A39351F97A" box="[676,812,1736,1760]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">S. anancora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="133AAD83771EFFE5FCB8A5AC9300F97A" box="[827,893,1735,1760]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1831,1853]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,1216,1809]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[151,1436,1216,1809]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 5. Aplysina caissara Pinheiro &amp; Hajdu, 2001, RMNH Por. 9340, a, habitus (scale bar = 1 cm), b, light microscopic image of skeleton of pithed fibers." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/272956/files/figure.png" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
H), but like Burton did not provide a description of skeleton and spicules. Likewise, 
<bibRefCitation id="EF90CCF7771EFFE5FDB8A58793C8F89F" author="Diaz" box="[571,949,1772,1797]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" refString="Diaz, M. &amp; Zea, S. (2008) Distribucion de esponjas sobre la plataforma continental shelf, Colombian Caribbean. Boletin de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras INFEMAR, 37 (2), 27 - 43. Avaliable from: http: // www. scielo. org. co / pdf / mar / v 37 n 2 / v 37 n 2 a 02. pdf (Accessed 11 Jan. 2017)" type="journal article" year="2008">Díaz &amp; Zea (2008: fig. 4, right)</bibRefCitation>
pictured 
<taxonomicName id="4C01CA85771EFFE5FBA4A58794FFF89F" box="[1063,1154,1772,1797]" class="Demospongiae" family="Ancorinidae" genus="Stelletta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9756D14771EFFE5FBA4A58794FFF89F" box="[1063,1154,1772,1797]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Stelletta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
specimens similar to 
<taxonomicName id="4C01CA85771EFFE5FA04A5869156F8B2" class="Demospongiae" family="Ancorinidae" genus="Stelletta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="crassispicula">
<emphasis id="B9756D14771EFFE5FA04A5869156F8B2" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">S. crassispicula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as 
<taxonomicName id="4C01CA85771EFFE5FED3A46493FAF8B2" authority="Wilson, 1902" authorityName="Wilson" authorityYear="1902" box="[336,903,1807,1832]" class="Demospongiae" family="Ancorinidae" genus="Stelletta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Porifera" rank="variety" species="fibrosa" variety="globulariformis">
<emphasis id="B9756D14771EFFE5FED3A4649182F8B2" box="[336,511,1807,1832]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Stelletta fibrosa</emphasis>
var. 
<emphasis id="B9756D14771EFFE5FDB4A464929AF8B2" box="[567,743,1807,1832]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">globulariformis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF90CCF7771EFFE5FD6DA46493FAF8B2" author="Wilson" box="[750,903,1807,1832]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" refString="Wilson, H. V. (1902) [1900] The sponges collected in Porto Rico in 1899 by the U. S. Fish Commission Steamer Fish Hawk. Bulletin of the United States Fish Commission, 2, 375 - 411." type="journal article" year="1902">Wilson, 1902</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, but did not provide spicule size data.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBEB106771EFFE5FF44A45E923FF80F" blockId="73.[151,1436,151,2013]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
Van Soest &amp; Stentoft’s (1988) 
<collectingCountry id="F316F196771EFFE5FDAEA45F92EAF8D7" box="[557,663,1844,1869]" name="Barbados" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Barbados</collectingCountry>
record of 
<taxonomicName id="4C01CA85771EFFE5FC97A45F9471F8D6" box="[788,1036,1844,1869]" class="Demospongiae" family="Ancorinidae" genus="Stelletta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="anancora">
<emphasis id="B9756D14771EFFE5FC97A45F9312F8D7" box="[788,879,1844,1869]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Stelletta</emphasis>
cf. 
<emphasis id="B9756D14771EFFE5FC23A45E9471F8D6" box="[928,1036,1845,1868]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">anancora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is certainly not conforming to the present material, nor to 
<taxonomicName id="4C01CA85771EFFE5FE37A43392A0F8EA" authority="Sollas" authorityName="Sollas" box="[436,733,1879,1904]" class="Demospongiae" family="Ancorinidae" genus="Stelletta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="anancora">
<emphasis id="B9756D14771EFFE5FE37A433923CF8EA" box="[436,577,1880,1904]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">S. anancora</emphasis>
sensu Sollas
</taxonomicName>
, as it was reported to have orthotriaenes and the asters are strongylasters, definitely not tylasters.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBEB106771EFFE6FF44A4CA93CEFE4A" blockId="73.[151,1436,151,2013]" lastBlockId="74.[151,1436,151,680]" lastPageId="74" lastPageNumber="75" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
A slide made from the 
<typeStatus id="54BA0FA4771EFFE5FE4FA4CB9253F823" box="[460,558,1952,1977]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
(MNHN D.NBE 1029) of 
<taxonomicName id="4C01CA85771EFFE5FCDDA4CA9564F822" authority="Boury-Esnault, 1973" authorityName="Boury-Esnault" authorityYear="1973" box="[862,1305,1952,1977]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Penares" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="anisoxea">
<emphasis id="B9756D14771EFFE5FCDDA4CA9459F822" box="[862,1060,1953,1976]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Penares anisoxea</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF90CCF7771EFFE5FBAFA4CB9564F822" author="Boury-Esnault" box="[1068,1305,1952,1977]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" refString="Boury-Esnault, N. (1973) Resultats scientifiques des campagnes de la &quot; Calypso &quot;." type="book" year="1973">Boury-Esnault, 1973</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, from 
<quantity id="4CF91CE3771EFFE5FAE0A4CB95E1F822" box="[1379,1436,1952,1977]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" unit="m" value="50.0">50 m</quantity>
off NE 
<collectingCountry id="F316F196771EFFE5FF73A4AF914AF847" box="[240,311,1988,2013]" name="Brazil" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Brazil</collectingCountry>
, revealed—surprisingly—that the specimen belongs to 
<taxonomicName id="4C01CA85771EFFE5FC3BA4AF94CCF847" box="[952,1201,1988,2013]" class="Demospongiae" family="Ancorinidae" genus="Stelletta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="crassispicula">
<emphasis id="B9756D14771EFFE5FC3BA4AF94CCF847" box="[952,1201,1988,2013]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Stelletta crassispicula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The ‘orthotriaenes’ and oxeas have the same shape as the above described and they occur in the characteristic radiate arrangement of the present species. The ‘microxeas’ cited by 
<bibRefCitation id="EF90CCF7771DFFE6FD1DA3D793E9FF4E" author="Boury-Esnault" box="[670,916,188,213]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" refString="Boury-Esnault, N. (1973) Resultats scientifiques des campagnes de la &quot; Calypso &quot;." type="book" year="1973">Boury-Esnault (1973)</bibRefCitation>
are few—not present in high quantities at the surface as is usual for 
<taxonomicName id="4C01CA85771DFFE6FE12A38A9191FF62" box="[401,492,225,248]" class="Demospongiae" family="Geodiidae" genus="Penares" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9756D14771DFFE6FE12A38A9191FF62" box="[401,492,225,248]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Penares</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
—and do not have the centrotylote shape. The microscleres are named oxyasters but this is difficult to confirm from the slide; the ends of the rays are not really sharply pointed and the sizes quoted conform to those of 
<taxonomicName id="4C01CA85771DFFE6FEFDA24C9208FEDA" box="[382,629,295,320]" class="Demospongiae" family="Ancorinidae" genus="Stelletta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="crassispicula">
<emphasis id="B9756D14771DFFE6FEFDA24C9208FEDA" box="[382,629,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Stelletta crassispicula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The figured 
<typeStatus id="54BA0FA4771DFFE6FC93A243933DFEDA" box="[784,832,296,320]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">type</typeStatus>
specimen (
<bibRefCitation id="EF90CCF7771DFFE6FC42A24C94D7FEDA" author="Boury-Esnault" box="[961,1194,295,320]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" refString="Boury-Esnault, N. (1973) Resultats scientifiques des campagnes de la &quot; Calypso &quot;." type="book" year="1973">Boury-Esnault 1973</bibRefCitation>
: Pl. II fig. 3; see also Muricy 
<emphasis id="B9756D14771DFFE6FF70A2269153FEFF" box="[243,302,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">et al.</emphasis>
2011: figs 5C–D) resembles the present 
<taxonomicName id="4C01CA85771DFFE6FC8FA2279479FEFF" box="[780,1028,332,357]" class="Demospongiae" family="Ancorinidae" genus="Stelletta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="crassispicula">
<emphasis id="B9756D14771DFFE6FC8FA2279479FEFF" box="[780,1028,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Stelletta crassispicula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
material strongly, with its globular shape, single large central vent, and surface encrusted with shell fragments. There is also a striking similarity with Boury-Esnault’s depicted specimens of 
<taxonomicName id="4C01CA85771DFFE6FDD9A2FE9340FE36" box="[602,829,405,428]" class="Demospongiae" family="Ancorinidae" genus="Myriastra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="anancora">
<emphasis id="B9756D14771DFFE6FDD9A2FE9340FE36" box="[602,829,405,428]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Myriastra anancora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. It is more likely that this concerns a case of mislaid labels, than a genuine misidentification of the genus by Boury-Esnault.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBEB106771DFFE6FF44A2B7919CFD32" blockId="74.[151,1436,151,680]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">
Further 
<collectingRegion id="49C57FE4771DFFE6FEA2A2B7910EFE6F" box="[289,371,476,501]" country="Sri Lanka" name="Central" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Central</collectingRegion>
<collectingRegion id="49C57FE4771DFFE6FEF8A2B691CFFE6E" box="[379,434,477,500]" country="Tanzania" name="Mjini Magharibi" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">West</collectingRegion>
Atlantic 
<taxonomicName id="4C01CA85771DFFE6FD98A2B7920BFE6F" box="[539,630,476,501]" class="Demospongiae" family="Ancorinidae" genus="Stelletta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9756D14771DFFE6FD98A2B7920BFE6F" box="[539,630,476,501]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Stelletta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species with plagiotriaenes and tylasters, 
<emphasis id="B9756D14771DFFE6FBCDA2B795E9FE6F" box="[1102,1428,476,501]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">
<taxonomicName id="4C01CA85771DFFE6FBCDA2B7957FFE6F" box="[1102,1282,476,501]" class="Demospongiae" family="Ancorinidae" genus="Stelletta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="fibrosa">Stelletta fibrosa</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C01CA85771DFFE6FA8EA2B695E9FE6F" box="[1293,1428,476,501]" class="Demospongiae" family="Ancorinidae" genus="Stelletta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="variabilis">S. variabilis</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C01CA85771DFFE6FF14A16B910CFD82" box="[151,369,511,536]" class="Demospongiae" family="Ancorinidae" genus="Stelletta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="globulariformis">
<emphasis id="B9756D14771DFFE6FF14A16B910CFD82" box="[151,369,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">S. globulariformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C01CA85771DFFE6FE0EA2949343FD82" authority="Uliczka (1929)" authorityName="Uliczka" authorityYear="1929" box="[397,830,511,536]" class="Demospongiae" family="Ancorinidae" genus="Stelletta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="incrustata">
<emphasis id="B9756D14771DFFE6FE0EA294920DFD82" box="[397,624,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Stelletta incrustata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF90CCF7771DFFE6FD07A2949343FD82" author="Uliczka" box="[644,830,511,536]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" refString="Uliczka, E. (1929) Die tetraxonen Schwamme Westindiens (auf Grund der Ergebnisse der Reise Kukenthal-Hartmeyer). In: Kukenthal, W. &amp; Hartmeyer, R. (Eds.), Ergebnisse einer zoologischen Forschungsreise nach Westindien. Zoologische Jahrbucher, Abteilung fur Systematik, Geographie und Biologie der Thiere, Supplement 16, 35 - 62." type="journal article" year="1929">Uliczka (1929)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C01CA85771DFFE6FCDBA2949510FD82" authority="De Laubenfels, 1936" authorityName="De Laubenfels" authorityYear="1936" box="[856,1389,511,536]" class="Demospongiae" family="Ancorinidae" genus="Stelletta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="kallitetilla">
<emphasis id="B9756D14771DFFE6FCDBA2949446FD82" box="[856,1083,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Stelletta kallitetilla</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF90CCF7771DFFE6FBDAA16B9518FD82" author="De" box="[1113,1381,511,536]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" refString="De Laubenfels, M. W. (1936) A discussion of the sponge fauna of the Dry Tortugas, in particular, and the West Indies in general, with material for a revision of the families and orders of the Porifera. Carnegie Institution of Washington Publication, 467 (Tortugas Laboratory Paper, 30, 1 - 225." type="journal article" year="1936">De Laubenfels, 1936</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C01CA85771DFFE6FA04A16B9147FDA7" class="Demospongiae" family="Ancorinidae" genus="Stelletta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="soteropolitana">
<emphasis id="B9756D14771DFFE6FA04A16B9147FDA7" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">S. soteropolitana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C01CA85771DFFE6FEF3A14F91B6FDA7" box="[368,459,548,573]" class="Demospongiae" family="Ancorinidae" genus="Stelletta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9756D14771DFFE6FEF3A14F91B6FDA7" box="[368,459,548,573]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Stelletta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
spec. sensu 
<bibRefCitation id="EF90CCF7771DFFE6FDDBA14F933FFDA6" author="Cardenas" box="[600,834,548,573]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" refString="Cardenas, P., Menegola, C., Rapp, H. T. &amp; Diaz, M. C. (2009) Morphological description and DNA barcodes of shallow-water Tetractinellida (Porifera: Demospongiae) from Bocas del Toro, Panama, with description of a new species. Zootaxa, 2276, 1 - 39." type="journal article" year="2009">
Cárdenas 
<emphasis id="B9756D14771DFFE6FD44A14E937DFDA7" box="[711,768,548,573]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">et al.</emphasis>
2009
</bibRefCitation>
, differ from the above described specimens in having clearly smaller (thinner and shorter) plagiotriaenes and oxeas, and lacking a differentiation in long/thin anisoxeas and thick fusiform oxeas. It remains to be decided which of the above-named 
<taxonomicName id="4C01CA85771DFFE6FC7FA107942AFD1F" box="[1020,1111,620,645]" class="Demospongiae" family="Ancorinidae" genus="Stelletta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Astrophorida" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9756D14771DFFE6FC7FA107942AFD1F" box="[1020,1111,620,645]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Stelletta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species are valid or are to be regarded as junior synonyms.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>