treatments-xml/data/03/A5/87/03A587FA7829A032FC80BAED37E75023.xml

<document id="1A520D7A0901067892DE7C3E26AAC647" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.5460634" ID-ISSN="2345-7600" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5460634" ID-ZooBank="1E7214C5-24E8-4860-BF13-203FD93A2C19" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1630239335276" checkinUser="valdenar" docAuthor="Pholyotha, Arthit, Sutcharit, Chirasak &amp; Panha, Somsak" docDate="2018" docId="03A587FA7829A032FC80BAED37E75023" docLanguage="en" docName="66rbz763-781.pdf" docOrigin="Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 66" docStyle="DocumentStyle:F2D34FF25DBF9998BB8DF6F24A5B097A.5:RafflesBZool.2014-2018.journal_article" docStyleId="F2D34FF25DBF9998BB8DF6F24A5B097A" docStyleName="RafflesBZool.2014-2018.journal_article" docStyleVersion="5" docTitle="Macrochlamys lemma Pholyotha &amp; Sutcharit &amp; Panha 2018, new species" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="772" masterDocId="FF9CFF827821A03BFFC7BF1034285476" masterDocTitle="The land snail genus Macrochlamys Gray, 1847 from Thailand, with descriptions of five new species (Pulmonata: Ariophantidae)" masterLastPageNumber="781" masterPageNumber="763" pageNumber="771" updateTime="1699195389588" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="76926EB555EBBBD407087B1D957D2140">The land snail genus Macrochlamys Gray, 1847 from Thailand, with descriptions of five new species (Pulmonata: Ariophantidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="BADFEEABF8CFFA6C61F2031DFCCB0133">Pholyotha, Arthit</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="71FC174111EBAA9FAB1229230A219A2C">Sutcharit, Chirasak</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="D0B4B60FBC894873EC8D8ECFBF6A296F">Raffles Bulletin of Zoology</mods:title>
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<paragraph id="8BB336EC7829A033FC80BAED31965263" blockId="8.[839,1470,1533,1589]" box="[839,1470,1533,1557]" pageId="8" pageNumber="771">
<heading id="D0FB81807829A033FC80BAED31965263" bold="true" box="[839,1470,1533,1557]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="771" reason="2">
<emphasis id="B978EAFE7829A033FC80BAED31965263" bold="true" box="[839,1470,1533,1557]" pageId="8" pageNumber="771">
<taxonomicName id="4C0C4D6F7829A033FC80BAED31035263" ID-CoL="3X43J" authority="Pholyotha &amp; Panha" authorityName="Pholyotha &amp; Sutcharit &amp; Panha" authorityYear="2018" box="[839,1323,1533,1557]" class="Gastropoda" family="Ariophantidae" genus="Macrochlamys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="8" pageNumber="771" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="lemma" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B978EAFE7829A033FC80BAED30155263" bold="true" box="[839,1085,1533,1557]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="771">Macrochlamys lemma</emphasis>
Pholyotha &amp; Panha
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24B57857829A033FAFEBAED31965263" box="[1337,1470,1533,1557]" pageId="8" pageNumber="771" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<subSubSection id="C31665677829A033FC0BB90D31125243" box="[972,1338,1565,1589]" pageId="8" pageNumber="771" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BB336EC7829A033FC0BB90D31125243" blockId="8.[839,1470,1533,1589]" box="[972,1338,1565,1589]" pageId="8" pageNumber="771">
(
<figureCitation id="13372A697829A033FC13B90D301D5243" box="[980,1077,1565,1589]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[135,170,1546,1568]" captionTargetBox="[136,1474,192,1529]" captionTargetId="figure-7@2.[136,1474,189,1531]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig. 2. Living snails of Macrochlamys spp. from Thailand. A, Macrochlamys aurantia new species, paratype (CUMZ 7103), Thong Pha Phum, Kanchanaburi, shell width about 15 mm; B, M. coleus new species, paratype (CUMZ 7106), Sai Yok, Kanchanaburi, shell width about 15 mm; C,M. caverna new species, paratype (CUMZ 7109), Tha Wung, Lopburi, shell width about 17 mm; D, M. lemma new species, paratype (CUMZ 7116), Ban Mi, Lopburi, shell width about 15 mm; E, M. tanymentula new species, paratype (CUMZ 7119), Thong Pha Phum, Kanchanaburi, shell width about 10 mm; F, M. kelantanensis (CUMZ 7125), Lam Kaen, Phang-Nga, shell width about 20 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5460640" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5460640/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="771">Figs. 2D</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13372A697829A033FB85B90D30AD5243" box="[1090,1157,1565,1589]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="7.[113,148,1853,1875]" captionTargetBox="[113,1451,285,1838]" captionTargetId="figure-9@7.[113,1451,285,1838]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Fig. 5. Genitalia of Macrochlamys caverna new species (A, B), and M. lemma new species (C, D). A, B, Macrochlamys caverna paratype (CUMZ 7109): A, whole reproductive system; B, internal structure of penis with penial verge.C, D, Macrochlamys lemma paratype (CUMZ 7116): C, whole reproductive system; D, internal structure of penis with penial verge. Abbreviations: at, atrium; da, dart apparatus; drm, dart retractor muscle; e, epiphallus; ec, epiphallic caecum; fl, flagellum; fo, free oviduct; gd, gametolytic duct; gs, gametolytic sac; hf, head filament; ov, oviduct; p, penis; pc, penial caecum; pg, prostate gland; pp, penial pilaster; prm, penial retractor muscle; pv, penial verge; ss, sperm sac; tf, tail filament; v, vagina and vd, vas deferens. Asterisk indicates the tissue casting." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5460646" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5460646/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="771">5C, D</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13372A697829A033FB54B90D30FF5243" box="[1171,1239,1565,1589]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="11.[113,148,1249,1271]" captionTargetBox="[113,1451,189,1234]" captionTargetId="figure-9@11.[113,1451,189,1234]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Fig. 7. Shells of Macrochlamys lemma new species (A, B), and M. tanymentula new species (C, D). A, Macrochlamys lemma holotype (CUMZ 7114); B, paratype (CUMZ 7115); C, M. tanymentula holotype (CUMZ 7117); D, paratype (CUMZ 7118)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5460652" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5460652/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="771">7A, B</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13372A697829A033FB23B90D311A5243" box="[1252,1330,1565,1589]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="15.[113,148,1222,1244]" captionTargetBox="[113,1452,189,1207]" captionTargetId="figure-347@15.[113,1452,189,1207]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Fig. 10. SEM images of the radula of Macrochlamys lemma new species (A–C) (paratype; CUMZ 7116), M. tanymentula new species (D–F) (paratype; CUMZ 7119), and M. kelantanensis Möllendorff, 1902 (G–I) (CUMZ 7125). Central tooth (indicated by ‘C’) with lateral teeth (A, D, G); lateral teeth with tricuspid marginal teeth transition (B, E, H); bicuspid marginal teeth (C, F, I)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5460660" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5460660/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="771">10A–C</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31665677829A033FC84B94D30F053E3" pageId="8" pageNumber="771" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BB336EC7829A033FC84B94D30F053E3" blockId="8.[835,1474,1629,1941]" pageId="8" pageNumber="771">
<emphasis id="B978EAFE7829A033FC84B94D30015203" bold="true" box="[835,1065,1629,1653]" pageId="8" pageNumber="771">Material examined.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B643CB17829A033FBF4B94D37995363" collectionCode="CUMZ" country="Thailand" county="Ban Mi District" latitude="15.016306" location="Wat Khao Wongkot" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="100.54403" municipality="Sanam Chaeng Village" pageId="8" pageNumber="771" specimenCode="CUMZ 7114" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Lop Buri" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="54B7884E7829A033FBF4B94D30B05203" box="[1075,1176,1629,1653]" pageId="8" pageNumber="771" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
(
<figureCitation id="13372A697829A033FB6CB94D312D5203" box="[1195,1285,1629,1653]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="11.[113,148,1249,1271]" captionTargetBox="[113,1451,189,1234]" captionTargetId="figure-9@11.[113,1451,189,1234]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Fig. 7. Shells of Macrochlamys lemma new species (A, B), and M. tanymentula new species (C, D). A, Macrochlamys lemma holotype (CUMZ 7114); B, paratype (CUMZ 7115); C, M. tanymentula holotype (CUMZ 7117); D, paratype (CUMZ 7118)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5460652" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5460652/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="771">Fig. 7A</figureCitation>
; shell height 
<quantity id="4CF49B097829A033FA67B94D374752E3" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.2" pageId="8" pageNumber="771" unit="mm" value="7.2">7.2 mm</quantity>
, shell width 
<quantity id="4CF49B097829A033FC30B96D307152E3" box="[1015,1113,1661,1685]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.59" pageId="8" pageNumber="771" unit="mm" value="15.9">15.9 mm</quantity>
, aperture height 5.0 mm, aperture width 
<quantity id="4CF49B097829A033FC4DB98D37C952C3" box="[906,993,1693,1717]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.6" pageId="8" pageNumber="771" unit="mm" value="7.6">7.6 mm</quantity>
) (
<specimenCode id="DBAA9E977829A033FC3EB98D30A352C3" box="[1017,1163,1693,1717]" collectionCode="CUMZ" country="0" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/da58-p0xp" name="Cameroon University, Museum of Zoology" pageId="8" pageNumber="771">CUMZ 7114</specimenCode>
), limestone outcrops at 
<location id="8ED360377829A033FA51B98E37C152A3" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A587FA7829A032FC80BAED37E75023:8ED360377829A033FA51B98E37C152A3" country="Thailand" county="Ban Mi District" latitude="15.016306" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="100.54403" municipality="Sanam Chaeng Village" name="Wat Khao Wongkot" pageId="8" pageNumber="771" stateProvince="Lop Buri">Wat Khao Wongkot</location>
(Temple), 
<collectingMunicipality id="6BD7AC967829A033FBA2B9AD314A52A3" box="[1125,1378,1725,1749]" pageId="8" pageNumber="771">Sanam Chaeng Village</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<collectingCounty id="62D24E607829A033FAA8B9AE37BE5283" pageId="8" pageNumber="771">Ban Mi District</collectingCounty>
, 
<collectingRegion id="49C8F80E7829A033FC63B9CD304E5283" box="[932,1126,1757,1781]" country="Thailand" name="Lop Buri" pageId="8" pageNumber="771">Lopburi Province</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingCountry id="F31B767C7829A033FBB4B9CD30FD5283" box="[1139,1237,1757,1781]" name="Thailand" pageId="8" pageNumber="771">Thailand</collectingCountry>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE38502B7829A033FB25B9CD31AA5283" box="[1250,1410,1756,1781]" degrees="15" direction="north" minutes="00" orientation="latitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="771" precision="1" seconds="58.7" value="15.016306">15° 00′58.7″N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE38502B7829A033FA48B9CD37995363" degrees="100" direction="east" minutes="32" orientation="longitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="771" precision="1" seconds="38.5" value="100.54403">100° 32′38.5″E</geoCoordinate>
</materialsCitation>
. 
<materialsCitation id="3B643CB17829A033FC79B9EE30FD53E3" collectionCode="NHMUK, ZRC" country="Thailand" county="Ban Mi District" latitude="15.016306" location="Wat Khao Wongkot" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="100.54403" municipality="Sanam Chaeng Village" pageId="8" pageNumber="771" specimenCode="CUMZ 7115, CUMZ 7116" specimenCount="47" stateProvince="Lop Buri" typeStatus="paratype">
<typeStatus id="54B7884E7829A033FC79B9EE30025360" box="[958,1066,1790,1814]" pageId="8" pageNumber="771" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
: two shells (
<figureCitation id="13372A697829A033FB72B9ED31235363" box="[1205,1291,1789,1813]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="11.[113,148,1249,1271]" captionTargetBox="[113,1451,189,1234]" captionTargetId="figure-9@11.[113,1451,189,1234]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Fig. 7. Shells of Macrochlamys lemma new species (A, B), and M. tanymentula new species (C, D). A, Macrochlamys lemma holotype (CUMZ 7114); B, paratype (CUMZ 7115); C, M. tanymentula holotype (CUMZ 7117); D, paratype (CUMZ 7118)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5460652" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5460652/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="771">Fig. 7B</figureCitation>
; shell height 
<quantity id="4CF49B097829A033FA66B9ED37475343" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.3" pageId="8" pageNumber="771" unit="mm" value="6.3">6.3 mm</quantity>
, shell width 15.0 mm, aperture height 
<quantity id="4CF49B097829A033FACBB80D31485343" box="[1292,1376,1821,1845]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.6" pageId="8" pageNumber="771" unit="mm" value="5.6">5.6 mm</quantity>
, aperture width 7.0 mm, 5⅝ whorls) (
<specimenCode id="DBAA9E977829A033FB45B82D313E5323" box="[1154,1302,1853,1877]" collectionCode="CUMZ" country="0" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/da58-p0xp" name="Cameroon University, Museum of Zoology" pageId="8" pageNumber="771">CUMZ 7115</specimenCode>
), 
<specimenCount id="9D0AFD657829A033FAEBB82D31EA5323" box="[1324,1474,1853,1877]" pageId="8" pageNumber="771" type="generic">47 specimens</specimenCount>
(
<specimenCode id="DBAA9E977829A033FC8CB84D37CB5303" box="[843,995,1885,1909]" collectionCode="CUMZ" country="0" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/da58-p0xp" name="Cameroon University, Museum of Zoology" pageId="8" pageNumber="771">CUMZ 7116</specimenCode>
), two shells (
<collectionCode id="ED1DAE297829A033FB44B84D30DA5303" box="[1155,1266,1885,1909]" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="8" pageNumber="771" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
), one shell (
<collectionCode id="ED1DAE297829A033FA43B84D31975303" box="[1412,1471,1885,1909]" country="Singapore" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/16z4-1tbx" name="Zoological Reference Collection, National University of Singapore" pageId="8" pageNumber="771">ZRC</collectionCode>
. MOL.13773), same data as holotype
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31665677829A033FC84B8AD37CB5C43" pageId="8" pageNumber="771" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BB336EC7829A033FC84B8AD37CB5C43" blockId="8.[835,1475,1981,2101]" pageId="8" pageNumber="771">
<emphasis id="B978EAFE7829A033FC84B8AD37EC53A3" bold="true" box="[835,964,1981,2005]" pageId="8" pageNumber="771">Etymology.</emphasis>
The specific name, derived from Greek “ 
<taxonomicName id="4C0C4D6F7829A033FAB7B8AD319E53A3" authorityName="Pholyotha &amp; Sutcharit &amp; Panha" authorityYear="2018" box="[1392,1462,1981,2005]" class="Gastropoda" family="Ariophantidae" genus="Macrochlamys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="8" pageNumber="771" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="lemma">
<emphasis id="B978EAFE7829A033FAB7B8AD319E53A3" box="[1392,1462,1981,2005]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="771">lemma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
” meaning “peel, husk or sheath”, is in reference to the welldeveloped tissue casing or sheath between the vagina and dart apparatus.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31665677828A032FFB6BFAD353653E3" pageId="9" pageNumber="772" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BB336EC7828A032FFB6BFAD353E5643" blockId="9.[112,753,189,565]" pageId="9" pageNumber="772">
<emphasis id="B978EAFE7828A032FFB6BFAD34D354A3" bold="true" box="[113,251,189,213]" pageId="9" pageNumber="772">Description.</emphasis>
Shell medium-sized (
<figureCitation id="13372A697828A032FE1ABFAD366554A3" box="[477,589,189,214]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="11.[113,148,1249,1271]" captionTargetBox="[113,1451,189,1234]" captionTargetId="figure-9@11.[113,1451,189,1234]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Fig. 7. Shells of Macrochlamys lemma new species (A, B), and M. tanymentula new species (C, D). A, Macrochlamys lemma holotype (CUMZ 7114); B, paratype (CUMZ 7115); C, M. tanymentula holotype (CUMZ 7117); D, paratype (CUMZ 7118)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5460652" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5460652/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="772">Fig. 7A, B</figureCitation>
; shell height up to 
<quantity id="4CF49B097828A032FF4ABFCD34CC5483" box="[141,228,221,245]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.6" pageId="9" pageNumber="772" unit="mm" value="7.6">7.6 mm</quantity>
; shell width up to 17.0 mm), dextral, depressed to low-conical, thin, semi-translucent, shiny and pale yellowish in colour. Shell surface smooth with thin growth lines. Embryonic shell surface smooth, small, with about 2½ whorls. Whorls 5–6, increasing regularly, with shallowly impressed suture. Spire profile from low conical to nearly flat with just a little convexity. Spire angle about 147–159°. Last whorl narrow with well-rounded periphery. Aperture crescent-shaped, obliquely open with simple lip. Columellar margin slightly reflected near umbilicus. Umbilicus narrowly open and deep.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB336EC7828A032FFB6BD4D357B57A3" blockId="9.[113,753,605,981]" pageId="9" pageNumber="772">
<emphasis id="B978EAFE7828A032FFB6BD4D353D5603" box="[113,277,605,629]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="772">Genital organs</emphasis>
. Atrium (at) large and slightly long. Penis long, cylindrical in shape and distally with short and swollen penial caecum (pc) that corresponds to penial verge inside. Epiphallus (e) rather long, about two and half times of penis length, cylindrical and almost same diameter as penis. Epiphallic caecum (ec) coiled about one circle and located proximally about one-third of epiphallic length. Penial retractor muscle (prm) slightly thick. Flagellum (fl) long, about half of epiphallus length, with early stage of spermatophore formation inside. Vas deference (vd) a long tube connected between free oviduct and distal end of epiphallus (
<figureCitation id="13372A697828A032FF37BCAD356F57A3" box="[240,327,957,981]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="7.[113,148,1853,1875]" captionTargetBox="[113,1451,285,1838]" captionTargetId="figure-9@7.[113,1451,285,1838]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Fig. 5. Genitalia of Macrochlamys caverna new species (A, B), and M. lemma new species (C, D). A, B, Macrochlamys caverna paratype (CUMZ 7109): A, whole reproductive system; B, internal structure of penis with penial verge.C, D, Macrochlamys lemma paratype (CUMZ 7116): C, whole reproductive system; D, internal structure of penis with penial verge. Abbreviations: at, atrium; da, dart apparatus; drm, dart retractor muscle; e, epiphallus; ec, epiphallic caecum; fl, flagellum; fo, free oviduct; gd, gametolytic duct; gs, gametolytic sac; hf, head filament; ov, oviduct; p, penis; pc, penial caecum; pg, prostate gland; pp, penial pilaster; prm, penial retractor muscle; pv, penial verge; ss, sperm sac; tf, tail filament; v, vagina and vd, vas deferens. Asterisk indicates the tissue casting." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5460646" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5460646/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="772">Fig. 5C</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB336EC7828A032FFB6BCEE36FD5003" blockId="9.[112,752,1021,1141]" pageId="9" pageNumber="772">
Inner wall of penis proximally with oblique trapezoid penial pilasters (pp) and distally at penial caecum with long and transverse-folded surrounding penial verge (pv). Penial verge small, thick and located at distal end of penis (
<figureCitation id="13372A697828A032FDB6BB4D36E05003" box="[625,712,1117,1141]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="7.[113,148,1853,1875]" captionTargetBox="[113,1451,285,1838]" captionTargetId="figure-9@7.[113,1451,285,1838]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Fig. 5. Genitalia of Macrochlamys caverna new species (A, B), and M. lemma new species (C, D). A, B, Macrochlamys caverna paratype (CUMZ 7109): A, whole reproductive system; B, internal structure of penis with penial verge.C, D, Macrochlamys lemma paratype (CUMZ 7116): C, whole reproductive system; D, internal structure of penis with penial verge. Abbreviations: at, atrium; da, dart apparatus; drm, dart retractor muscle; e, epiphallus; ec, epiphallic caecum; fl, flagellum; fo, free oviduct; gd, gametolytic duct; gs, gametolytic sac; hf, head filament; ov, oviduct; p, penis; pc, penial caecum; pg, prostate gland; pp, penial pilaster; prm, penial retractor muscle; pv, penial verge; ss, sperm sac; tf, tail filament; v, vagina and vd, vas deferens. Asterisk indicates the tissue casting." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5460646" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5460646/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="772">Fig. 5D</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB336EC7828A032FFB6BB8D35F35183" blockId="9.[113,754,1181,1525]" pageId="9" pageNumber="772">
Vagina (v) rather long, about two-thirds of penis length, cylindrically shaped with thick connective tissue encircled at vagina and dart apparatus junction (asterisk in 
<figureCitation id="13372A697828A032FD49BBCD36CC5083" box="[654,740,1245,1269]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="7.[113,148,1853,1875]" captionTargetBox="[113,1451,285,1838]" captionTargetId="figure-9@7.[113,1451,285,1838]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Fig. 5. Genitalia of Macrochlamys caverna new species (A, B), and M. lemma new species (C, D). A, B, Macrochlamys caverna paratype (CUMZ 7109): A, whole reproductive system; B, internal structure of penis with penial verge.C, D, Macrochlamys lemma paratype (CUMZ 7116): C, whole reproductive system; D, internal structure of penis with penial verge. Abbreviations: at, atrium; da, dart apparatus; drm, dart retractor muscle; e, epiphallus; ec, epiphallic caecum; fl, flagellum; fo, free oviduct; gd, gametolytic duct; gs, gametolytic sac; hf, head filament; ov, oviduct; p, penis; pc, penial caecum; pg, prostate gland; pp, penial pilaster; prm, penial retractor muscle; pv, penial verge; ss, sperm sac; tf, tail filament; v, vagina and vd, vas deferens. Asterisk indicates the tissue casting." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5460646" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5460646/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="772">Fig. 5C</figureCitation>
). Dart apparatus (da) somewhat large, long cylindrical and located near proximal end of vagina above penis junction. Gametolytic sac (gs) bulbous. Gametolytic duct (gd) thick and rather short. Free oviduct (fo) long, approximately same length as penis, cylindrical in shape, and proximally encircled with thick brownish tissue about middle of its length. Oviduct (ov) are large lobules with prostate gland (pg) running alongside (
<figureCitation id="13372A697828A032FEBEBACD35E75183" box="[377,463,1501,1525]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="7.[113,148,1853,1875]" captionTargetBox="[113,1451,285,1838]" captionTargetId="figure-9@7.[113,1451,285,1838]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Fig. 5. Genitalia of Macrochlamys caverna new species (A, B), and M. lemma new species (C, D). A, B, Macrochlamys caverna paratype (CUMZ 7109): A, whole reproductive system; B, internal structure of penis with penial verge.C, D, Macrochlamys lemma paratype (CUMZ 7116): C, whole reproductive system; D, internal structure of penis with penial verge. Abbreviations: at, atrium; da, dart apparatus; drm, dart retractor muscle; e, epiphallus; ec, epiphallic caecum; fl, flagellum; fo, free oviduct; gd, gametolytic duct; gs, gametolytic sac; hf, head filament; ov, oviduct; p, penis; pc, penial caecum; pg, prostate gland; pp, penial pilaster; prm, penial retractor muscle; pv, penial verge; ss, sperm sac; tf, tail filament; v, vagina and vd, vas deferens. Asterisk indicates the tissue casting." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5460646" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5460646/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="772">Fig. 5C</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB336EC7828A032FFB6B90D357C52C3" blockId="9.[112,753,1565,1717]" pageId="9" pageNumber="772">
<emphasis id="B978EAFE7828A032FFB6B90D34975243" box="[113,191,1565,1589]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="772">Radula</emphasis>
. Each row consists of 99 teeth with formula (48- (14-13)-1-(14-15)-50). Central tooth triangular tricuspid. Lateral teeth asymmetric tricuspid with very small endocone. Elongate bicuspid marginal teeth starting from tooth number 13–15 (
<figureCitation id="13372A697828A032FF04B98D356152C3" box="[195,329,1693,1717]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="15.[113,148,1222,1244]" captionTargetBox="[113,1452,189,1207]" captionTargetId="figure-347@15.[113,1452,189,1207]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Fig. 10. SEM images of the radula of Macrochlamys lemma new species (A–C) (paratype; CUMZ 7116), M. tanymentula new species (D–F) (paratype; CUMZ 7119), and M. kelantanensis Möllendorff, 1902 (G–I) (CUMZ 7125). Central tooth (indicated by ‘C’) with lateral teeth (A, D, G); lateral teeth with tricuspid marginal teeth transition (B, E, H); bicuspid marginal teeth (C, F, I)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5460660" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5460660/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="772">Fig. 10A–C</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB336EC7828A032FFB6B9CD353653E3" blockId="9.[112,752,1757,1941]" pageId="9" pageNumber="772">
<emphasis id="B978EAFE7828A032FFB6B9CD35045283" box="[113,300,1757,1781]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="772">External features</emphasis>
. Animal with reticulated skin. Head, eye stalks and body dark grey, and the tail is pale orange. Caudal foss (cf) and caudal horn (ch) grey. Mantle edge (shell lobes and dorsal lobes) well developed with mix of black and dull yellow (
<figureCitation id="13372A697828A032FF39B84D357F5303" box="[254,343,1885,1909]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[135,170,1546,1568]" captionTargetBox="[136,1474,192,1529]" captionTargetId="figure-7@2.[136,1474,189,1531]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig. 2. Living snails of Macrochlamys spp. from Thailand. A, Macrochlamys aurantia new species, paratype (CUMZ 7103), Thong Pha Phum, Kanchanaburi, shell width about 15 mm; B, M. coleus new species, paratype (CUMZ 7106), Sai Yok, Kanchanaburi, shell width about 15 mm; C,M. caverna new species, paratype (CUMZ 7109), Tha Wung, Lopburi, shell width about 17 mm; D, M. lemma new species, paratype (CUMZ 7116), Ban Mi, Lopburi, shell width about 15 mm; E, M. tanymentula new species, paratype (CUMZ 7119), Thong Pha Phum, Kanchanaburi, shell width about 10 mm; F, M. kelantanensis (CUMZ 7125), Lam Kaen, Phang-Nga, shell width about 20 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5460640" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5460640/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="772">Fig. 2D</figureCitation>
). Snails secrete light yellowish slime when disturbed.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31665677828A032FFB6B8AD35A35C43" pageId="9" pageNumber="772" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BB336EC7828A032FFB6B8AD35A35C43" blockId="9.[111,753,1981,2101]" pageId="9" pageNumber="772">
<emphasis id="B978EAFE7828A032FFB6B8AD35AC53A3" bold="true" box="[113,388,1981,2005]" pageId="9" pageNumber="772">Distribution and habitat.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C0C4D6F7828A032FE4FB8AD364753A3" authority="Pholyotha &amp; Sutcharit &amp; Panha, 2018" authorityName="Pholyotha &amp; Sutcharit &amp; Panha" authorityYear="2018" box="[392,623,1981,2005]" class="Gastropoda" family="Ariophantidae" genus="Macrochlamys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="9" pageNumber="772" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="lemma" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B978EAFE7828A032FE4FB8AD364753A3" box="[392,623,1981,2005]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="772">Macrochlamys lemma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24B57857828A032FDB3B8AE36D853A3" box="[628,752,1981,2005]" pageId="9" pageNumber="772" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
was found living in rock crevices and surfaces of limestone karst. It is currently known only from the 
<typeStatus id="54B7884E7828A032FDE5B8EE36785C60" box="[546,592,2046,2070]" pageId="9" pageNumber="772">type</typeStatus>
locality, where it is moderately abundant.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31665677828A032FCEABFAD37E75023" pageId="9" pageNumber="772" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BB336EC7828A032FCEABFAD30335583" blockId="9.[811,1454,189,501]" pageId="9" pageNumber="772">
<emphasis id="B978EAFE7828A032FCEABFAD378C54A3" bold="true" box="[813,932,189,213]" pageId="9" pageNumber="772">Remarks.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C0C4D6F7828A032FC77BFAD309C54A3" authority="Pholyotha &amp; Sutcharit &amp; Panha, 2018" authorityName="Pholyotha &amp; Sutcharit &amp; Panha" authorityYear="2018" box="[944,1204,189,213]" class="Gastropoda" family="Ariophantidae" genus="Macrochlamys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="9" pageNumber="772" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="lemma" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B978EAFE7828A032FC77BFAD309C54A3" box="[944,1204,189,213]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="772">Macrochlamys lemma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24B57857828A032FB06BFAE317854A3" box="[1217,1360,189,213]" pageId="9" pageNumber="772" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
can be diagnosed by its depressed to low-conical shell, well-rounded last whorl, wide impressed suture, and deep umbilicus. The genitalia have one circle of coiled epiphallic caecum, a short penial caecum, thick connective tissue encircling the proximal end of dart apparatus, a long epiphallus and flagellum, large and long dart apparatus located near the proximal end of the vagina above the penis and a relative short gametolytic duct and sac. The radula morphology is very similar to 
<taxonomicName id="4C0C4D6F7828A032FA57BEAE37A15583" authority="Pholyotha &amp; Sutcharit &amp; Panha, 2018" authorityName="Pholyotha &amp; Sutcharit &amp; Panha" authorityYear="2018" class="Gastropoda" family="Ariophantidae" genus="Macrochlamys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="9" pageNumber="772" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="aurantia" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B978EAFE7828A032FA57BEAE37A15583" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="772">M. aurantia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24B57857828A032FC56BECE303E5583" box="[913,1046,477,501]" pageId="9" pageNumber="772" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB336EC7828A032FCEABD0D311B5683" blockId="9.[813,1453,541,757]" pageId="9" pageNumber="772">
<taxonomicName id="4C0C4D6F7828A032FCEABD0D30315643" authority="Pholyotha &amp; Sutcharit &amp; Panha, 2018" authorityName="Pholyotha &amp; Sutcharit &amp; Panha" authorityYear="2018" box="[813,1049,541,565]" class="Gastropoda" family="Ariophantidae" genus="Macrochlamys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="9" pageNumber="772" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="lemma" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B978EAFE7828A032FCEABD0D30315643" box="[813,1049,541,565]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="772">Macrochlamys lemma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24B57857828A032FBE6BD0E308A5643" box="[1057,1186,541,565]" pageId="9" pageNumber="772" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
differs from 
<taxonomicName id="4C0C4D6F7828A032FAF5BD0E31835643" authority="Pholyotha &amp; Sutcharit &amp; Panha, 2018" authorityName="Pholyotha &amp; Sutcharit &amp; Panha" authorityYear="2018" box="[1330,1451,542,565]" class="Gastropoda" family="Ariophantidae" genus="Macrochlamys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="9" pageNumber="772" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="caverna" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B978EAFE7828A032FAF5BD0E31835643" box="[1330,1451,542,565]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="772">M. caverna</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24B57857828A032FCEABD2E37975623" box="[813,959,573,597]" pageId="9" pageNumber="772" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
by its narrow umbilicus, slightly short gametolytic organ, long epiphallus and flagellum, and the dart apparatus is located above the penis connection. In comparison, 
<taxonomicName id="4C0C4D6F7828A032FC70BD8E301A56C3" authority="Pholyotha &amp; Sutcharit &amp; Panha, 2018" authorityName="Pholyotha &amp; Sutcharit &amp; Panha" authorityYear="2018" box="[951,1074,670,693]" class="Gastropoda" family="Ariophantidae" genus="Macrochlamys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="9" pageNumber="772" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="caverna" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B978EAFE7828A032FC70BD8E301A56C3" box="[951,1074,670,693]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="772">M. caverna</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24B57857828A032FBFEBD8E309256C3" box="[1081,1210,669,693]" pageId="9" pageNumber="772" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
has a wide umbilicus, long gametolytic organ, short epiphallus and flagellum, and the dart apparatus is located opposite the penis.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB336EC7828A032FCEABC0D37E75023" blockId="9.[813,1453,797,1109]" pageId="9" pageNumber="772">The shell profile of this new species is rather variable and vary from shells with a nearly flat spire with an apex that is just a little convex to shells with a low-conical spire. The reproductive tracts of both shell forms have been examined and appear to be identical. Both have genitalia structure of long epiphallus and flagellum, short gametolytic duct and sac, thick connective tissue encircling the proximal end of the dart apparatus and a large dart apparatus locating above the penis, which are regarded as distinguishing characters of this species.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>