314 lines
35 KiB
XML
314 lines
35 KiB
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<mods:title id="4BB7DD82D2D3B27DFC15FDF5B65EDC0C">Mammals of Korea: a review of their taxonomy, distribution and conservation status</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="719F3B7BE8930FD18138B02BC7DDA2E8">Koprowski, John L.</mods:namePart>
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<emphasis id="B97DD33F645AFFEFFF4FFF0EFEA057D8" bold="true" box="[151,353,152,178]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Panthera pardus</emphasis>
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(
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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—Leopard
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</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="B97DD33F645AFFEFFF4FFF48FED7579E" box="[151,278,222,244]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Felis pardus</emphasis>
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locality- Indiis (
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<collectingCountry id="F31E4FBD645AFFEFFD0AFF48FCD5579E" box="[722,788,222,244]" name="Egypt" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Egypt</collectingCountry>
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);
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<treatmentCitation id="0AA8293C645AFFEFFCFDFF49FC14579E" author="Won" box="[805,981,222,244]" page="" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" year="1968">
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.
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<treatmentCitation id="0AA8293C645AFFEFFF4FFF68FE225679" author="Schlegel" box="[151,483,253,275]" page="" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" year="1857">
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<taxonomicName id="4C0974AE645AFFEFFF4FFF68FE225679" authority="Schlegel, 1857 p. 23" authorityName="Schlegel" authorityPageNumber="23" authorityYear="1857" box="[151,483,253,275]" class="Mammalia" family="Felidae" genus="Erinaceus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
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<emphasis id="B97DD33F645AFFEFFF4FFF68FED05679" box="[151,273,253,275]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">F. orientalis</emphasis>
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;
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locality-
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<collectingCountry id="F31E4FBD645AFFEFFD59FF68FD035679" box="[641,706,254,275]" name="South Korea" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Korea</collectingCountry>
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.
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<taxonomicName id="4C0974AE645AFFEFFF4FFE8BFE105658" authority="Bonhote, 1903 p. 475" authorityName="Bonhote" authorityPageNumber="475" authorityYear="1903" box="[151,465,284,306]" class="Mammalia" family="Felidae" genus="Felis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="villosa">
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<emphasis id="B97DD33F645AFFEFFF4FFE8BFF355658" box="[151,244,284,306]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">F. villosa</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9872DC645AFFEFFF21FE8AFE105658" author="Bonhote" box="[249,465,284,306]" firstAuthor="Bonhote" page="475" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" pagination="474 - 476" refId="ref96293" refString="Bonhote, J. L. (1903) On two new species of cat from China. The Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 7, 11, 474 - 476. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222930308678802" type="journal article" year="1903">Bonhote, 1903 p.475</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<typeStatus id="54B2B18F645AFFEFFE03FE8BFDCC5658" box="[475,525,285,306]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Type</typeStatus>
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locality-
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<collectingRegion id="49CDC1CF645AFFEFFDB6FE8AFD68565B" box="[622,681,284,305]" country="Russia" name="Amur" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Amur</collectingRegion>
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<collectingMunicipality id="6BD29557645AFFEFFD77FE8BFD185658" box="[687,729,285,306]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Bay</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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<location id="8ED659F6645AFFEFFD3BFE8BFCA15658" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A0BE3B645AFFEEFF4FFF0EFA9D55A6:8ED659F6645AFFEFFD3BFE8BFCA15658" box="[739,864,284,306]" municipality="Bay" name="East Siberia" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" stateProvince="Amur">East Siberia</location>
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.
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<paragraph id="8BB60F2D645AFFEFFF4FFEACFDBA563A" blockId="80.[151,1226,222,428]" box="[151,635,314,336]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">
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<taxonomicName id="4C0974AE645AFFEFFF4FFEACFDB6563A" authority=": Kishida & Mori, 1931 p. 379" authorityName=": Kishida & Mori" authorityPageNumber="379" authorityYear="1931" box="[151,631,314,336]" class="Mammalia" family="Felidae" genus="Erinaceus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
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<emphasis id="B97DD33F645AFFEFFF4FFEACFE87563A" box="[151,326,314,336]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">
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Pardus
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<treatmentCitation id="0AA8293C645AFFEFFF3DFEACFE87563A" author="Kishida & Mori" box="[229,326,314,336]" page="" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" year="1931">
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<emphasis id="B97DD33F645AFFEFFF3DFEACFE87563A" box="[229,326,314,336]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">orientalis</emphasis>
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:
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9872DC645AFFEFFE8CFEACFDB6563A" author="Kishida & Mori" box="[340,631,314,336]" firstAuthor="Kishida" page="379" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" pagination="372 - 391" refId="ref108188" refString="Kishida, K. & Mori, T. (1931) On the distribution of terrestrial mammals of Korea. Zoological Magazine, 43, 372 - 391. [in Japanese]" type="journal article" year="1931">Kishida & Mori, 1931 p.379</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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<paragraph id="8BB60F2D645AFFEFFF4FFECCFBA15605" blockId="80.[151,1226,222,428]" box="[151,1120,345,367]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">
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<treatmentCitation id="0AA8293C645AFFEFFF4FFECCFDEA5605" author="Kuroda" box="[151,555,345,367]" page="" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" year="1938">
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<emphasis id="B97DD33F645AFFEFFF4FFECCFE9D5605" box="[151,348,345,367]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">F. pardus orientalis</emphasis>
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:
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9872DC645AFFEFFEB2FECFFDEA5605" author="Kuroda" box="[362,555,345,367]" firstAuthor="Kuroda" page="40" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" refId="ref110546" refString="Kuroda, N. (1938) A list of the Japanese Mammals. Published by Author, Tokyo, 122 pp." type="book" year="1938">Kuroda, 1938 p.40</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="0AA8293C645AFFEFFDEDFECCFD245605" author="Won" box="[565,741,345,367]" page="" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" year="1958">
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9872DC645AFFEFFDEDFECCFD245605" author="Won" box="[565,741,345,367]" firstAuthor="Won" page="442" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" pagination="427 - 460" refId="ref125450" refString="Won, P. H. (1958) A hand list of Korean mammals. Bulletin of Kyung-Hee University, 1, 427 - 460." type="journal article" year="1958">Won, 1958 p.442</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="0AA8293C645AFFEFFD28FECCFC605605" author="Won" box="[752,929,345,367]" page="" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" year="1967">
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9872DC645AFFEFFD28FECCFC605605" author="Won" box="[752,929,345,367]" firstAuthor="Won" page="147" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" refId="ref125477" refString="Won, P. H. (1967) Illustrated encyclopedia of fauna and flora of Korea. Fol. 7. Mammals. Ministry of Education, Seoul, 663 pp. [in Korean]" type="book" year="1967">Won, 1967 p.147</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="0AA8293C645AFFEFFC73FECCFB9D5605" author="Won" box="[939,1116,345,367]" page="" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" year="1968">
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9872DC645AFFEFFC73FECCFB9D5605" author="Won" box="[939,1116,345,367]" firstAuthor="Won" page="312" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" refId="ref125422" refString="Won, H. K. (1968) The mammals of Korea. Institute of Science Press, Pyeongyang, 408 pp. [in Korean]" type="book" year="1968">Won, 1968 p.312</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB60F2D645AFFEFFF4FFEEEFB0B56E4" blockId="80.[151,1226,222,428]" box="[151,1226,376,398]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB192803645AFFEFFF4FFEEEFB0B56E4" box="[151,1226,376,398]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AA8293C645AFFEFFF4FFEEEFDA356E4" author="Tate" box="[151,610,376,398]" page="" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" year="1947">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0974AE645AFFEFFF4FFEEEFDA356E4" ID-CoL="5K5LX" authority=": Tate, 1947 p. 194" authorityName="Tate" authorityPageNumber="194" authorityYear="1947" box="[151,610,376,398]" class="Mammalia" family="Felidae" genus="Panthera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="pardus" subSpecies="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97DD33F645AFFEFFF4FFEEEFE6956E4" box="[151,424,376,398]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Panthera pardus orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9872DC645AFFEFFE6DFEEFFDA356E4" author="Tate" box="[437,610,376,398]" firstAuthor="Tate" page="194" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" refId="ref122298" refString="Tate, G. H. (1947) Mammals of Eastern Asia. The Macmillan Company, New York, 366 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 6397" type="book" year="1947">Tate, 1947 p.194</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AA8293C645AFFEFFDB4FEEEFBC756E4" author="Ellerman & Morrison-Scott" box="[620,1030,376,398]" page="" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" year="1951">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9872DC645AFFEFFDB4FEEEFBC756E4" author="Ellerman & Morrison-Scott" box="[620,1030,376,398]" firstAuthor="Ellerman" page="316" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" refId="ref99704" refString="Ellerman, J. R. & Morrison-Scott, T. C. S. (1951) Checklist of Palaearctic and Indian Mammals 1758 to 1946. British Museum (Natural History), London, 810 pp." type="book" year="1951">Ellerman & Morrison-Scott, 1951 p.316</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AA8293C645AFFEFFBC8FEEFFB0756E4" author="Yoon" box="[1040,1222,376,398]" page="" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" year="1992">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9872DC645AFFEFFBC8FEEFFB0756E4" author="Yoon" box="[1040,1222,376,398]" firstAuthor="Yoon" page="115" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" refId="ref126177" refString="Yoon, M. H. (1992) The wildlife of Korea. Daewonsa Publishing Company, Seoul, 142 pp. [in Korean]" type="book" year="1992">Yoon, 1992 p.115</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB60F2D645AFFEFFF4FFE00FB4256C6" blockId="80.[151,1226,222,428]" box="[151,1155,406,428]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB192803645AFFEFFF4FFE00FB4256C6" box="[151,1155,406,428]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AA8293C645AFFEFFF4FFE00FDD556C6" author="Corbet" box="[151,532,406,428]" page="" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" year="1978">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0974AE645AFFEFFF4FFE00FDD556C6" ID-CoL="4CGXR" authority=": Corbet, 1978 p. 184" authorityName=": Corbet" authorityPageNumber="184" authorityYear="1978" box="[151,532,406,428]" class="Mammalia" family="Felidae" genus="Panthera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pardus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97DD33F645AFFEFFF4FFE00FE8156C6" box="[151,320,406,428]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Panthera pardus</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9872DC645AFFEFFE96FE00FDD556C6" author="Corbet" box="[334,532,406,428]" firstAuthor="Corbet" page="184" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" refId="ref98305" refString="Corbet, G. B. (1978) The mammals of the Palaearctic region: a taxonomic review. British Museum (Natural History), London, 314 pp." type="book" year="1978">Corbet, 1978 p.184</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AA8293C645AFFEFFDC7FE01FD7C56C6" author="Han" box="[543,701,406,428]" page="" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" year="1994">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9872DC645AFFEFFDC7FE01FD7C56C6" author="Han" box="[543,701,406,428]" firstAuthor="Han" page="46" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" pagination="44 - 50" refId="ref101626" refString="Han, S. H. (1994) The checklist of Mammals in North Korea. Nature Conservation, 86, 44 - 50. [in Korean]" type="journal article" year="1994">Han, 1994 p.46</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AA8293C645AFFEFFD10FE01FC0956C6" author="Won & Smith" box="[712,968,406,428]" page="" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" year="1999">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9872DC645AFFEFFD10FE01FC0956C6" author="Won & Smith" box="[712,968,406,428]" firstAuthor="Won" page="20" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" pagination="3 - 33" refId="ref125289" refString="Won, C. M. & Smith, K. G. (1999) History and current status of mammals of the Korean Peninsula. Mammal Review, 29, 3 - 33. https: // doi. org / 10.1046 / j. 1365 - 2907.1999.00034. x" type="journal article" year="1999">Won & Smith, 1999 p.20</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AA8293C645AFFEFFC0BFE00FBBE56C6" author="Oh" box="[979,1151,406,428]" page="" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" year="2004">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9872DC645AFFEFFC0BFE00FBBE56C6" author="Oh, H." box="[979,1151,406,428]" editor="Won, B. O." firstAuthor="Oh" journalOrPublisher="Dongbang Media Press, Seoul" page="158" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" pagination="142 - 183" refId="ref116674" refString="Oh, H. S (2004 a) Order Carnivora. In: Won, B. O. (Ed.), The mammals of Korea. Dongbang Media Press, Seoul, pp. 142 - 183 [in Korean]" title="Order Carnivora" type="book chapter" volumeTitle="The mammals of Korea" year="2004" yearSuffix="a">Oh, 2004a p.158</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF765FA5645AFFEFFF4FF833FD0850D1" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4571846" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4571846" box="[151,713,1957,1979]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4571846/files/figure.png" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" targetBox="[340,1247,478,1936]" targetPageId="80">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB60F2D645AFFEFFF4FF833FD0850D1" blockId="80.[151,713,1957,1979]" box="[151,713,1957,1979]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97DD33F645AFFEFFF4FF833FEDE50D1" bold="true" box="[151,287,1957,1979]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">FIGURE 51.</emphasis>
|
||
Range map of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0974AE645AFFEFFE62F833FDA550D1" authorityName=": Corbet" authorityYear="1978" box="[442,612,1957,1979]" class="Mammalia" family="Felidae" genus="Panthera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pardus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97DD33F645AFFEFFE62F833FDA550D1" box="[442,612,1957,1979]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Panthera pardus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in Korea.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3135CA6645BFFEEFF4FFF0EFA845676" lastPageId="81" lastPageNumber="82" pageId="81" pageNumber="81" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB60F2D645BFFEEFF4FFF0EFA845676" blockId="81.[151,1437,151,717]" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97DD33F645BFFEEFF4FFF0EFF2D57DA" bold="true" box="[151,236,152,176]" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">Range:</emphasis>
|
||
The original distribution of the leopard in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31E4FBD645BFFEEFD0EFF0EFCDA57C5" box="[726,795,152,175]" name="South Korea" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">Korea</collectingCountry>
|
||
extended throughout the peninsula (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9872DC645BFFEEFB62FF0EFA5057DA" author="Jo & Baccus" box="[1210,1425,151,176]" firstAuthor="Jo" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" pagination="173 - 183" refId="ref105115" refString="Jo, Y. S. & Baccus, J. T. (2016) Are large cats compatible with modern society on the Korean Peninsula? Ecological Restoration, 34, 173 - 183. https: // doi. org / 10.3368 / er. 34.3.173" type="journal article" year="2016">Jo & Baccus 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Until the 1990s, a few leopards remained in extreme northern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31E4FBD645BFFEEFCBBFF2AFC3357BE" box="[867,1010,188,213]" name="North Korea" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">North Korea</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9872DC645BFFEEFBDBFF2AFB7F57BF" author="Kim" box="[1027,1214,188,213]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Kim" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" refId="ref107208" refString="Kim, M. S., Joo, J. S., Oh, S. I, Lee, S. Y., Koh, B. J. & Park, E. C. (2015) Animals of Korea: Mammals. Science and Technology Press, Pyongyang, 211 pp. [in Korean]" type="book" year="2015">
|
||
Kim
|
||
<emphasis id="B97DD33F645BFFEEFBE7FF2BFBB057BF" box="[1087,1137,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2015
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<figureCitation id="133213A8645BFFEEFB13FF2AFADE57BF" box="[1227,1311,188,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 51" captionStartId="80.[151,250,1957,1979]" captionTargetBox="[340,1247,478,1936]" captionTargetId="figure@80.[340,1247,478,1936]" captionTargetPageId="80" captionText="FIGURE 51. Range map of Panthera pardus in Korea." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4571846" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4571846/files/figure.png" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">Fig. 51</figureCitation>
|
||
). The only official North Korean government report (Korean Central News Agency
|
||
<date id="FFB729ED645BFFEEFC33FF76FB615792" box="[1003,1184,223,248]" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" value="2009-03-17">17 March 2009</date>
|
||
) on the status of this species in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31E4FBD645BFFEEFED4FE92FE595676" box="[268,408,260,285]" name="North Korea" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">North Korea</collectingCountry>
|
||
reported occurrences in Mt. Myohyang Nature Reserve, Hyangsan County in 2009.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3135CA6645BFFEEFF1FFEBEFA9D55A6" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB60F2D645BFFEEFF1FFEBEFDDC560F" blockId="81.[151,1437,151,717]" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97DD33F645BFFEEFF1FFEBEFEFC562A" bold="true" box="[199,317,296,320]" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">Remarks:</emphasis>
|
||
Leopards from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31E4FBD645BFFEEFDDAFEBEFD885655" box="[514,585,296,319]" name="South Korea" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">Korea</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Far East
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31E4FBD645BFFEEFD10FEB1FCD4562A" box="[712,789,295,320]" name="Russia" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">Russia</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and northeastern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31E4FBD645BFFEEFC2BFEB1FBF7562A" box="[1011,1078,295,320]" name="China" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
are classified under
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0974AE645BFFEEFAECFEB1FDD8560F" authority="(Schlegel, 1857)" baseAuthorityName="Schlegel" baseAuthorityYear="1857" class="Mammalia" family="Felidae" genus="Panthera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="pardus" subSpecies="orientalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97DD33F645BFFEEFAECFEB1FE97560F" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">Panthera pardus orientalis</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9872DC645BFFEEFEBDFEDAFDD0560F" author="Schlegel" box="[357,529,332,357]" firstAuthor="Schlegel" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" refId="ref119960" refString="Schlegel, H. (1857) Handleiding tot de beoefening der dierkunde. Deel 1. Koninklijke Militaire Academie, Breda, 560 pp. [in Dutch]" type="book" year="1857">Schlegel, 1857</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB60F2D645BFFEEFF1FFEF9FA9D55A6" blockId="81.[151,1437,151,717]" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97DD33F645BFFEEFF1FFEF9FE0156E2" bold="true" box="[199,448,367,392]" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">Conservation status:</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31E4FBD645BFFEEFE13FEF9FD9A56ED" box="[459,603,367,392]" name="North Korea" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">North Korea</collectingCountry>
|
||
classified populations as ‘Vulnerable’. The Ministry of Environment in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31E4FBD645BFFEEFF4FFE02FEE756C6" box="[151,294,404,429]" name="South Korea" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">South Korea</collectingCountry>
|
||
listed
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0974AE645BFFEEFEACFE03FE1C56C7" authorityName=": Corbet" authorityYear="1978" box="[372,477,404,429]" class="Mammalia" family="Felidae" genus="Panthera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pardus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97DD33F645BFFEEFEACFE03FE1C56C7" box="[372,477,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">P. pardus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as an endangered species in 1997. Despite several unofficial reports of leopards,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0974AE645BFFEEFA5FFE03FF2556BA" authorityName=": Corbet" authorityYear="1978" class="Mammalia" family="Felidae" genus="Panthera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pardus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97DD33F645BFFEEFA5FFE03FA5456C6" box="[1415,1429,405,428]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">P</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97DD33F645BFFEEFF4FFE21FF2556BA" box="[151,228,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">pardus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
became extinct at least in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31E4FBD645BFFEEFDF6FE21FD0256A5" box="[558,707,439,464]" name="South Korea" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">South Korea</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and the NIBR (2012) declared
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0974AE645BFFEEFB91FE2FFB7656BA" authorityName=": Corbet" authorityYear="1978" box="[1097,1207,439,464]" class="Mammalia" family="Felidae" genus="Panthera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pardus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97DD33F645BFFEEFB91FE2FFB7656BA" box="[1097,1207,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">P. pardus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31E4FBD645BFFEEFB3DFE21FAB956A5" box="[1253,1400,439,464]" name="South Korea" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">South Korea</collectingCountry>
|
||
as ‘Regionally Extinct’. The status of this species in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31E4FBD645BFFEEFD27FE4AFC55569E" box="[767,916,476,501]" name="North Korea" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">North Korea</collectingCountry>
|
||
remains unknown. Radio telemetry studies confirmed that populations exist in the Primorye region of southeastern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31E4FBD645BFFEEFC3AFE69FBEC5572" box="[994,1069,511,536]" name="Russia" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">Russia</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49CDC1CF645BFFEEFBB2FE69FAC85572" box="[1130,1289,511,536]" country="China" name="Jilin" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">Jilin Province</collectingRegion>
|
||
of northeast
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31E4FBD645BFFEEFF4FFDB2FF1B5557" box="[151,218,548,573]" name="China" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9872DC645BFFEEFF34FDB2FE325556" author="Uphyrkina" box="[236,499,548,573]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Uphyrkina" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" pagination="303 - 311" refId="ref124144" refString="Uphyrkina, O., Miquelle, D., Quigley, H., Criscoll, C. & O'Brien, S. J. (2002) Conservation genetics of the Far Eastern Leopard (Panthera pardus orientalis). The Journal of Heredity, 93, 303 - 311. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / jhered / 93.5.303" type="journal article" year="2002">
|
||
Uphyrkina
|
||
<emphasis id="B97DD33F645BFFEEFEA9FDB3FE6C5557" box="[369,429,548,573]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2002
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9872DC645BFFEEFDDBFDB2FC875556" author="Miquelle & Goodrich" box="[515,838,548,573]" firstAuthor="Miquelle" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" refId="ref113979" refString="Miquelle, D. G. & Goodrich, J. (2009) Amur Tigers and Far Eastern Leopards in Russia: Research, Training, and Capacity Building in the Russian Far East. Final Report to 21 st Century Tiger from the Wildlife Conservation Society. Wildlife Conservation Society, New York, 15 pp." type="book" year="2009">Miquelle & Goodrich 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Leopards cross between
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31E4FBD645BFFEEFBA5FDB2FB0B5557" box="[1149,1226,548,573]" name="Russia" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">Russia</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31E4FBD645BFFEEFB01FDB2FADD5557" box="[1241,1308,548,573]" name="China" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31E4FBD645BFFEEFA83FDB2FF1D5535" name="North Korea" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">North Korea</collectingCountry>
|
||
across the Duman River despite a high and long wire fence marking the boundary (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9872DC645BFFEEFB46FDDEFADD550A" author="Nam" box="[1182,1308,583,608]" firstAuthor="Nam" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" pagination="83 - 88" refId="ref115335" refString="Nam, S. (2005) Ecosystem governance in a cross-border area: building a Tuman River transboundary biosphere reserve. China Environment Series, 7, 83 - 88." type="journal article" year="2005">Nam 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). However,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31E4FBD645BFFEEFF4FFDFAFEE455EE" box="[151,293,620,645]" name="North Korea" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">North Korea</collectingCountry>
|
||
has seldom monitored leopards or their habitats along that part of the border in the mountains (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9872DC645BFFEEFABCFDFAFF1555C2" author="Nam" firstAuthor="Nam" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" pagination="83 - 88" refId="ref115335" refString="Nam, S. (2005) Ecosystem governance in a cross-border area: building a Tuman River transboundary biosphere reserve. China Environment Series, 7, 83 - 88." type="journal article" year="2005">Nam 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Unfortunately, wildlife surveys rarely occur in this region. This subspecies was classified and has remained classified as ‘Critically Endangered’ since 1996 by the IUCN; the species is protected by CITES Appendix I.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |