383 lines
51 KiB
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383 lines
51 KiB
XML
<document id="67864EEC24EA8230EE48431D35BCAE8E" ID-CLB-Dataset="295053" ID-DOI="10.1016/j.ijppaw.2019.12.006" ID-GBIF-Dataset="2fa94f1c-a94d-472f-a92e-71c961cd765a" ID-ISSN="2213-2244" ID-PMC="PMC7078462" ID-PubMed="32195110" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10933666" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="diego" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="diego" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="diego" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="diego" checkinTime="1712341139066" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Netherlands, Edward C., Cook, Courtney A., Du Preez, Louis H., Vanhove, Maarten P. M., Brendonck, Luc & Smit, Nico J." docDate="2020" docId="039F87C1FF9AFF9F9618FCBC2698FA90" docLanguage="en" docName="IntJParasitolParasitesWildlife.11.246-260.pdf" docOrigin="International Journal for Parasitology: Parasites and Wildlife 11" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijppaw.2019.12.006" docStyle="DocumentStyle:77CC2CF2FBA7BCD129DD16D0D4F96931.2:IntJParasitolParasitesWildlife.2012-.journal_article" docStyleId="77CC2CF2FBA7BCD129DD16D0D4F96931" docStyleName="IntJParasitolParasitesWildlife.2012-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="2" docTitle="Babesiosoma Jakowska and Nigrelli 1956" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="249" masterDocId="FFA6FFB9FF99FF9C967CFFC82200FFEE" masterDocTitle="An overview of the Dactylosomatidae (Apicomplexa: Adeleorina: Dactylosomatidae), with the description of Dactylosoma kermiti n. sp. parasitising Ptychadena anchietae and Sclerophrys gutturalis from South Africa" masterLastPageNumber="260" masterPageNumber="246" pageNumber="249" updateTime="1714396649324" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-NC-ND-4.0">
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<mods:title id="2437BA2B457B801B3965739C1258DF40">An overview of the Dactylosomatidae (Apicomplexa: Adeleorina: Dactylosomatidae), with the description of Dactylosoma kermiti n. sp. parasitising Ptychadena anchietae and Sclerophrys gutturalis from South Africa</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="FBD46F1F72829C1A839A1DF24D7E9110">Netherlands, Edward C.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="3B6FEA1F63A0DAB7647ACA6D97C4C4B8">Water Research Group, Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Private Bag X 6001, Potchefstroom, 2520, South Africa & African Amphibian Conservation Research Group, Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Private Bag X 6001, Potchefstroom, 2520, South Africa & Animal Ecology, Global Change and Sustainable Development, University of Leuven, Charles Debériotstraat 32, B- 3000, Leuven, Belgium</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="E3C2129ACF608875083E35973B2626FA">Cook, Courtney A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="C0A39203009B8D60E93950B5F5149916">Water Research Group, Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Private Bag X 6001, Potchefstroom, 2520, South Africa</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="F4F4EA2F7CE27C8CF71B88013BE590A7">Du Preez, Louis H.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="F4688DFCEC36F4960E3A2913EDFE2AE3">African Amphibian Conservation Research Group, Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Private Bag X 6001, Potchefstroom, 2520, South Africa & South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity, Somerset Street, Grahamstown, 6140, South Africa</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="4ADFC573671FC9A25032882F599DE9D9">Vanhove, Maarten P. M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="4F2101BDFFB0C7250680D993A74C6908">Hasselt University, Centre for Environmental Sciences, Research Group Zoology: Biodiversity & Toxicology, Agoralaan Gebouw D, B- 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium & Department of Botany and Zoology, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, CZ- 611 37, Brno, Czech Republic & Zoology Unit, Finnish Museum of Natural History, P. O. Box 17, FI- 00014, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland & Laboratory of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Genomics, University of Leuven, Charles Debériotstraat 32, B- 3000, Leuven, Belgium</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="4F2358372F78D3F286374EE673B4C9CC">Brendonck, Luc</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="C30E05863B606ACBDEF6B19A2CD6A2D3">Water Research Group, Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Private Bag X 6001, Potchefstroom, 2520, South Africa & Animal Ecology, Global Change and Sustainable Development, University of Leuven, Charles Debériotstraat 32, B- 3000, Leuven, Belgium</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="5A9593DCDBBA946F1C20914406599ECF">Smit, Nico J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="D53A58517B5A4F71E5834D6DB01D9237">Water Research Group, Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Private Bag X 6001, Potchefstroom, 2520, South Africa</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="E1D47856329D3E1D42DC486DC11E2528">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="19C9B966BD2D13E7CB81190671BF2B5B">International Journal for Parasitology: Parasites and Wildlife</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="ED2B52587076C386EF2156A8997200AB">2020</mods:date>
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<treatment id="039F87C1FF9AFF9F9618FCBC2698FA90" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11085328" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11085328" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039F87C1FF9AFF9F9618FCBC2698FA90" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/039F87C1FF9AFF9F9618FCBC2698FA90" lastPageNumber="249" pageId="3" pageNumber="249">
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<subSubSection id="C32C655CFF9AFF9F9618FCBC2364FC69" box="[100,356,884,904]" pageId="3" pageNumber="249" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B8936D7FF9AFF9F9618FCBC2364FC69" blockId="3.[100,356,884,904]" box="[100,356,884,904]" pageId="3" pageNumber="249">
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<heading id="D0C181BBFF9AFF9F9618FCBC2364FC69" box="[100,356,884,904]" fontSize="36" level="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="249" reason="3">
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<emphasis id="B942EAC5FF9AFF9F9618FCBC2364FC69" bold="true" box="[100,356,884,904]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="249">
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1.4. The genus
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<taxonomicName id="4C364D54FF9AFF9F968EFCBC2364FC69" ID-CoL="36ZL" authorityName="Jakowska and Nigrelli" authorityYear="1956" box="[242,356,884,903]" family="Dactylosomatidae" genus="Babesiosoma" kingdom="Chromista" order="Piroplasmida" pageId="3" pageNumber="249" phylum="Miozoa" rank="genus">Babesiosoma</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C32C655CFF9AFF9F96F9FC652698FA90" pageId="3" pageNumber="249" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8B8936D7FF9AFF9F96F9FC6522A2FA5B" blockId="3.[100,771,940,1992]" pageId="3" pageNumber="249">
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More than 60 years after the naming of the genus
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<taxonomicName id="4C364D54FF9AFF9F9420FC6420D9FC51" box="[604,729,940,959]" genus="Dacytylosoma" pageId="3" pageNumber="249" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B942EAC5FF9AFF9F9420FC6420D9FC51" bold="true" box="[604,729,940,959]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="249">Dacytylosoma</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, the genus
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<taxonomicName id="4C364D54FF9AFF9F96DAFC002318FC35" authorityName="Jakowska and Nigrelli" authorityYear="1956" box="[166,280,968,987]" family="Dactylosomatidae" genus="Babesiosoma" kingdom="Chromista" order="Piroplasmida" pageId="3" pageNumber="249" phylum="Miozoa" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B942EAC5FF9AFF9F96DAFC002318FC35" bold="true" box="[166,280,968,987]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="249">Babesiosoma</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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was erected to incorporate the species that: (1) contain less granular but more vacuolated cytoplasm; (2) have a nucleus similar to species of
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<taxonomicName id="4C364D54FF9AFF9F9714FBC823ACFBFD" authorityName="Starcovivi" authorityYear="1893" box="[360,428,1024,1043]" family="Babesiidae" genus="Babesia" kingdom="Chromista" order="Piroplasmida" pageId="3" pageNumber="249" phylum="Miozoa" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B942EAC5FF9AFF9F9714FBC823ACFBFD" bold="true" box="[360,428,1024,1043]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="249">Babesia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, without a definite karyosome; (3) reproduce by schizogony or binary fission; and (4) do not produce more than four merozoites.
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA74B26FF9AFF9F9742FBF023B9FBA5" author="Barta, J. R." box="[318,441,1080,1099]" pageId="3" pageNumber="249" pagination="1 - 37" refId="ref15854" refString="Barta, J. R., 1991. The Dactylosomatidae. Adv. Parasitol. 30, 1 - 37." type="journal article" year="1991">Barta (1991)</bibRefCitation>
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pointed out that certain of these characters, that, together, define
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<taxonomicName id="4C364D54FF9AFF9F97D5FB9B201BFB88" authorityName="Jakowska and Nigrelli" authorityYear="1956" box="[425,539,1107,1126]" family="Dactylosomatidae" genus="Babesiosoma" kingdom="Chromista" order="Piroplasmida" pageId="3" pageNumber="249" phylum="Miozoa" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B942EAC5FF9AFF9F97D5FB9B201BFB88" bold="true" box="[425,539,1107,1126]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="249">Babesiosoma</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, are in general hard to unambiguously recognise. For example, (1) the less granular, more vacuolated cytoplasm indicates more amylopectin inclusions; (2) ultrastructurally a definite karyosome is present in the nuclei; and (3) the multiplication through binary fusion is dubious as this was probably confused with mature paired merozoites after merogonic duplication. However, the separation of the two genera is still considered justified as species of
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<taxonomicName id="4C364D54FF9AFF9F96A8FADE2346FAC7" authorityName="Jakowska and Nigrelli" authorityYear="1956" box="[212,326,1302,1321]" family="Dactylosomatidae" genus="Babesiosoma" kingdom="Chromista" order="Piroplasmida" pageId="3" pageNumber="249" phylum="Miozoa" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B942EAC5FF9AFF9F96A8FADE2346FAC7" bold="true" box="[212,326,1302,1321]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="249">Babesiosoma</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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produce only four merozoites during each merogonic cycle and double that number of sporozoites (eight) within oocysts in the definitive host (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA74B26FF9AFF9F97E4FA87200BFA8C" author="Barta, J. R." box="[408,523,1359,1378]" pageId="3" pageNumber="249" pagination="1 - 37" refId="ref15854" refString="Barta, J. R., 1991. The Dactylosomatidae. Adv. Parasitol. 30, 1 - 37." type="journal article" year="1991">Barta, 1991</bibRefCitation>
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) compared to species of
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<taxonomicName id="4C364D54FF9AFF9F9618FAA222D6FA93" box="[100,214,1386,1405]" family="Dactylosomatidae" genus="Dactylosoma" kingdom="Chromista" order="Piroplasmida" pageId="3" pageNumber="249" phylum="Miozoa" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B942EAC5FF9AFF9F9618FAA222D6FA93" bold="true" box="[100,214,1386,1405]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="249">Dactylosoma</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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that produce up to 16 merozoites and double the number of sporozoites within their oocyst (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA74B26FF9AFF9F97B7FA4F20B8FA77" author="Barta, J. R. & Desser, S. S." box="[459,696,1414,1434]" pageId="3" pageNumber="249" pagination="359 - 368" refId="ref15964" refString="Barta, J. R., Desser, S. S., 1986. Light and electron microscopic observations on the intraerythrocytic development of Babesiosoma stableri (Apicomplexa, Dactylosomatidae) in frogs from Algonquin Park, Ontario. J. Protozool. 33, 359 - 368." type="journal article" year="1986">Barta and Desser, 1986</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA74B26FF9AFF9F94B6FA4F2294FA5B" author="Barta, J. R." pageId="3" pageNumber="249" pagination="1 - 37" refId="ref15854" refString="Barta, J. R., 1991. The Dactylosomatidae. Adv. Parasitol. 30, 1 - 37." type="journal article" year="1991">Barta, 1991</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8936D7FF9AFF9F96F9FA76231BF8B6" blockId="3.[100,771,940,1992]" pageId="3" pageNumber="249">
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There are currently five recognised species of
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<taxonomicName id="4C364D54FF9AFF9F9423FA7620D1FA3F" authorityName="Jakowska and Nigrelli" authorityYear="1956" box="[607,721,1470,1489]" family="Dactylosomatidae" genus="Babesiosoma" kingdom="Chromista" order="Piroplasmida" pageId="3" pageNumber="249" phylum="Miozoa" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B942EAC5FF9AFF9F9423FA7620D1FA3F" bold="true" box="[607,721,1470,1489]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="249">Babesiosoma</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(see
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<tableCitation id="C6B4036CFF9AFF9F9618FA1222ADFA03" box="[100,173,1498,1517]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="4.[100,150,588,609]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Table 2 Recognised Babesiosoma species, host records, distribution, and morphometrics." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF49665FFF9DFF989618FD84210EFD94" pageId="3" pageNumber="249" tableUuid="DF49665FFF9DFF989618FD84210EFD94">Table 2</tableCitation>
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), three described from fish hosts (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA74B26FF9AFF9F947EFA1220A6FA03" author="Smit, N. J. & Van As, J. G. & Davies, A. J." box="[514,678,1498,1517]" pageId="3" pageNumber="249" pagination="85 - 86" refId="ref20114" refString="Smit, N. J., Van As, J. G., Davies, A. J., 2003. Observations on Babesiosoma mariae (Apicomplexa: Dactylosomatidae) from the Okavango Delta, Botswana. Folia Parasitol. 50, 85 - 86." type="journal article" year="2003">Smit et al., 2003</bibRefCitation>
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), namely
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<taxonomicName id="4C364D54FF9AFF9F9618FA3E234DF9E7" box="[100,333,1526,1545]" family="Dactylosomatidae" genus="Babesiosoma" kingdom="Chromista" order="Piroplasmida" pageId="3" pageNumber="249" phylum="Miozoa" rank="species" species="bettencourti">
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<emphasis id="B942EAC5FF9AFF9F9618FA3E234DF9E7" bold="true" box="[100,333,1526,1545]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="249">Babesiosoma bettencourti</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA74B26FF9AFF9F9719FA3E23E9F9E7" author="Franca, C." box="[357,489,1526,1545]" pageId="3" pageNumber="249" pagination="109 - 112" refId="ref17719" refString="Franca, C., 1908. Une Hemogregarine de l'anguille. Arq. Inst. Bact. Camara Pestana 2, 109 - 112." type="journal article" year="1908">
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<collectingCountry id="F3217647FF9AFF9F9719FA3E23A7F9E7" box="[357,423,1526,1545]" name="France" pageId="3" pageNumber="249">França</collectingCountry>
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, 1908
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</bibRefCitation>
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),
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<taxonomicName id="4C364D54FF9AFF9F947AFA3E20C5F9E7" baseAuthorityName="Hoare" baseAuthorityYear="1930" box="[518,709,1526,1545]" family="Dactylosomatidae" genus="Babesiosoma" kingdom="Chromista" order="Piroplasmida" pageId="3" pageNumber="249" phylum="Miozoa" rank="species" species="mariae">
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<emphasis id="B942EAC5FF9AFF9F947AFA3E20C5F9E7" bold="true" box="[518,709,1526,1545]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="249">Babesiosoma mariae</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
(syn.
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C364D54FF9AFF9F9618F9D9231CF9CB" authorityName="Hoare" authorityYear="1930" box="[100,284,1553,1573]" family="Dactylosomatidae" genus="Dactylosoma" kingdom="Chromista" order="Piroplasmida" pageId="3" pageNumber="249" phylum="Miozoa" rank="species" species="mariae">
|
|
<emphasis id="B942EAC5FF9AFF9F9618F9D9231CF9CB" bold="true" box="[100,284,1553,1573]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="249">Dactylosoma mariae</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
;
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C364D54FF9AFF9F9756F9DA201CF9CB" authority="Paperna, 1981" authorityName="Paperna" authorityYear="1981" box="[298,540,1553,1573]" family="Dactylosomatidae" genus="Babesiosoma" kingdom="Chromista" order="Piroplasmida" pageId="3" pageNumber="249" phylum="Miozoa" rank="species" species="hannesi">
|
|
<emphasis id="B942EAC5FF9AFF9F9756F9DA2389F9CA" bold="true" box="[298,393,1553,1573]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="249">B. hannesi</emphasis>
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFA74B26FF9AFF9F97EDF9DA201CF9CB" author="Paperna, I." box="[401,540,1554,1573]" pageId="3" pageNumber="249" pagination="486 - 491" refId="ref19729" refString="Paperna, I., 1981. Dactylosoma hannesi n. sp. (Dactylosomatidae, Piroplasmia) found in the blood of grey mullets (Mugilidae) from South Africa. J. Protozool. 28, 486 - 491." type="journal article" year="1981">Paperna, 1981</bibRefCitation>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
) and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C364D54FF9AFF9F9424F9D92373F9AF" authority="Becker and Katz, 1965" authorityName="Becker and Katz" authorityYear="1965" family="Dactylosomatidae" genus="Babesiosoma" kingdom="Chromista" order="Piroplasmida" pageId="3" pageNumber="249" phylum="Miozoa" rank="species" species="tetragonis">
|
|
<emphasis id="B942EAC5FF9AFF9F9424F9D92291F9AF" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="249">Babesiosoma tetragonis</emphasis>
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFA74B26FF9AFF9F96E5F9E62373F9AF" author="Becker, C. D. & Katz, M." box="[153,371,1582,1601]" pageId="3" pageNumber="249" pagination="189 - 193" refId="ref16195" refString="Becker, C. D., Katz, M., 1965. Babesiosoma tetragonis n. sp. (Sporozoa: Dactylosomidae) from a California teleost. J. Protozool. 12, 189 - 193." type="journal article" year="1965">Becker and Katz, 1965</bibRefCitation>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
. The remaining two species are described from North American amphibian hosts.
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C364D54FF9AFF9F979FF981208AF9B2" baseAuthorityName="Nigrelli" baseAuthorityYear="1929" box="[483,650,1609,1628]" family="Dactylosomatidae" genus="Babesiosoma" kingdom="Chromista" order="Piroplasmida" pageId="3" pageNumber="249" phylum="Miozoa" rank="species" species="jahni">
|
|
<emphasis id="B942EAC5FF9AFF9F979FF981208AF9B2" bold="true" box="[483,650,1609,1628]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="249">Babesiosoma jahni</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
(syn.
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C364D54FF9AFF9F94BBF98222D5F996" family="Dactylosomatidae" genus="Dactylosoma" kingdom="Chromista" order="Piroplasmida" pageId="3" pageNumber="249" phylum="Miozoa" rank="species" species="jahni">
|
|
<emphasis id="B942EAC5FF9AFF9F94BBF98222D5F996" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="249">Dactylosoma jahni</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
) is the
|
|
<typeStatus id="548D8875FF9AFF9F9764F9AE2341F997" box="[280,321,1638,1657]" pageId="3" pageNumber="249">type</typeStatus>
|
|
species of the genus, described from the Eastern newt
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C364D54FF9AFF9F96E5F9492040F97A" authority="(Rafinesque, 1820)" baseAuthorityName="Rafinesque" baseAuthorityYear="1820" box="[153,576,1665,1684]" class="Amphibia" family="Salamandridae" genus="Notophthalmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="3" pageNumber="249" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="viridescens">
|
|
<emphasis id="B942EAC5FF9AFF9F96E5F9492384F97A" bold="true" box="[153,388,1665,1684]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="249">Notophthalmus viridescens</emphasis>
|
|
(Rafinesque, 1820)
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
.
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C364D54FF9AFF9F9435F9492102F97A" authorityName="Schmittner and McGhee" authorityYear="1961" box="[585,770,1665,1684]" family="Dactylosomatidae" genus="Babesiosoma" kingdom="Chromista" order="Piroplasmida" pageId="3" pageNumber="249" phylum="Miozoa" rank="species" species="stableri">
|
|
<emphasis id="B942EAC5FF9AFF9F9435F9492102F97A" bold="true" box="[585,770,1665,1684]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="249">Babesiosoma stableri</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
was described from the northern leopard frog
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C364D54FF9AFF9F944CF9562294F922" authority="Schreber 1782" authorityName="Schreber" authorityYear="1782" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Rana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="249" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pipiens">
|
|
<emphasis id="B942EAC5FF9AFF9F944CF95620A6F95E" bold="true" box="[560,678,1693,1713]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="249">Rana pipiens</emphasis>
|
|
Schreber 1782
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and was experimentally transmitted to
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C364D54FF9AFF9F9445F97122FBF906" authority="Holbrook, 1836" authorityName="Holbrook" authorityYear="1836" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Anaxyrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="249" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="americanus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B942EAC5FF9AFF9F9445F9712102F922" bold="true" box="[569,770,1721,1740]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="249">Anaxyrus americanus</emphasis>
|
|
Holbrook, 1836
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C364D54FF9AFF9F9779F91D2014F906" authority="(Girard, 1854)" baseAuthorityName="Girard" baseAuthorityYear="1854" box="[261,532,1749,1768]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Anaxyrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="249" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="woodhousii">
|
|
<emphasis id="B942EAC5FF9AFF9F9779F91D2383F906" bold="true" box="[261,387,1749,1768]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="249">A. woodhousii</emphasis>
|
|
(Girard, 1854)
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C364D54FF9AFF9F9463F91D229EF8EA" authority="(Bonnaterre, 1789)" baseAuthorityName="Bonnaterre" baseAuthorityYear="1789" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Anaxyrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="249" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="terrestris">
|
|
<emphasis id="B942EAC5FF9AFF9F9463F91D2085F906" bold="true" box="[543,645,1749,1768]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="249">A. terrestris</emphasis>
|
|
(Bonnaterre, 1789)
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C364D54FF9AFF9F96ABF939200CF8EA" authority="(Shaw, 1802)" baseAuthorityName="Shaw" baseAuthorityYear="1802" box="[215,524,1777,1796]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Rana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="249" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="catesbeianae">
|
|
<emphasis id="B942EAC5FF9AFF9F96ABF939237FF8EA" bold="true" box="[215,383,1777,1796]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="249">Rana catesbeianae</emphasis>
|
|
(Shaw, 1802)
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
. The latter ranid frog,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C364D54FF9AFF9F9492F939236BF8CE" authority="(Baird, 1854)" baseAuthorityName="Baird" baseAuthorityYear="1854" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Rana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="249" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="septentrionalis">
|
|
<emphasis id="B942EAC5FF9AFF9F9492F93922E3F8CE" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="249">R. septentrionalis</emphasis>
|
|
(Baird, 1854)
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C364D54FF9AFF9F97DCF8C520B0F8CE" authority="(Latreille, 1801)" baseAuthorityName="Latreille" baseAuthorityYear="1801" box="[416,688,1805,1824]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Rana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="249" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="clamitans">
|
|
<emphasis id="B942EAC5FF9AFF9F97DCF8C5200FF8CE" bold="true" box="[416,527,1805,1824]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="249">R. clamitans</emphasis>
|
|
(Latreille, 1801)
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
have all been found infected naturally in
|
|
<collectingRegion id="49F2F835FF9AFF9F97D5F8E123F3F8D2" box="[425,499,1833,1852]" country="Canada" name="Ontario" pageId="3" pageNumber="249">Ontario</collectingRegion>
|
|
,
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F3217647FF9AFF9F947CF8E12046F8D2" box="[512,582,1833,1852]" name="Canada" pageId="3" pageNumber="249">Canada</collectingCountry>
|
|
(
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFA74B26FF9AFF9F942BF8E12294F8B6" author="Barta, J. R. & Desser, S. S." pageId="3" pageNumber="249" pagination="180 - 189" refId="ref15926" refString="Barta, J. R., Desser, S. S., 1984. Blood parasites of amphibians from Algonquin Park, Ontario. J. Wildl. Dis. 20, 180 - 189." type="journal article" year="1984">Barta and Desser, 1984</bibRefCitation>
|
|
); see
|
|
<tableCitation id="C6B4036CFF9AFF9F96B2F88D2315F8B6" box="[206,277,1861,1880]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="4.[100,150,588,609]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Table 2 Recognised Babesiosoma species, host records, distribution, and morphometrics." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF49665FFF9DFF989618FD84210EFD94" pageId="3" pageNumber="249" tableUuid="DF49665FFF9DFF989618FD84210EFD94">Table 2</tableCitation>
|
|
.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="8B8936D7FF9AFF9F96F9F8A926CFFE0B" blockId="3.[100,771,940,1992]" lastBlockId="3.[818,1488,159,1406]" pageId="3" pageNumber="249">
|
|
Species previously regarded as belonging to
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C364D54FF9AFF9F944BF8A820A9F89D" authorityName="Jakowska and Nigrelli" authorityYear="1956" box="[567,681,1888,1907]" family="Dactylosomatidae" genus="Babesiosoma" kingdom="Chromista" order="Piroplasmida" pageId="3" pageNumber="249" phylum="Miozoa" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B942EAC5FF9AFF9F944BF8A820A9F89D" bold="true" box="[567,681,1888,1907]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="249">Babesiosoma</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, but formally transferred to other genera are
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C364D54FF9AFF9F9464F8B423A6F842" authority="(Mackerras and Mackerras, 1925)" baseAuthorityName="Mackerras and Mackerras" baseAuthorityYear="1925" family="Haemohormidiidae" genus="Haemohormidium" kingdom="Chromista" order="Piroplasmida" pageId="3" pageNumber="249" phylum="Miozoa" rank="species" species="aulopi">
|
|
<emphasis id="B942EAC5FF9AFF9F9464F8B42102F861" bold="true" box="[536,770,1916,1935]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="249">Haemohormidium aulopi</emphasis>
|
|
(
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFA74B26FF9AFF9F9610F850239DF845" author="Mackerras, I. M. & Mackerras, M. J." box="[108,413,1944,1963]" pageId="3" pageNumber="249" pagination="359 - 366" refId="ref18940" refString="Mackerras, I. M., Mackerras, M. J., 1925. The haematozoa of Australian marine teleostei. In: Proceedings of the Linnaean Society of New South Wales, pp. 359 - 366." type="book chapter" year="1925">Mackerras and Mackerras, 1925</bibRefCitation>
|
|
)
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C364D54FF9AFF9F97CEF85022F6F829" authority="(Misra et al., 1969)" baseAuthorityName="Misra" baseAuthorityYear="1969" family="Haemohormidiidae" genus="Haemohormidium" kingdom="Chromista" order="Piroplasmida" pageId="3" pageNumber="249" phylum="Miozoa" rank="species" species="ophicephali">
|
|
<emphasis id="B942EAC5FF9AFF9F97CEF85020BEF845" bold="true" box="[434,702,1944,1963]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="249">Haemohormidium ophicephali</emphasis>
|
|
(
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFA74B26FF9AFF9F94B1F85022EEF829" author="Misra, K. K. & Haldar, D. P. & Chakravarty, M. M." pageId="3" pageNumber="249" pagination="446 - 449" refId="ref19125" refString="Misra, K. K., Haldar, D. P., Chakravarty, M. M., 1969. Babesiosoma ophicephali n. sp. from the freshwater teleost Ophicephalus punctatus Bloch. J. Protozool. 16, 446 - 449." type="journal article" year="1969">Misra et al., 1969</bibRefCitation>
|
|
)
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
(syn.
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C364D54FF9AFF9F9733F87C200FF829" box="[335,527,1972,1991]" family="Dactylosomatidae" genus="Babesiosoma" kingdom="Chromista" order="Piroplasmida" pageId="3" pageNumber="249" phylum="Miozoa" rank="species" species="hareni">
|
|
<emphasis id="B942EAC5FF9AFF9F9733F87C200FF829" bold="true" box="[335,527,1972,1991]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="249">Babesiosoma hareni</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C364D54FF9AFF9F9457F87C20FCF829" box="[555,764,1972,1991]" family="Dactylosomatidae" genus="Babesiosoma" kingdom="Chromista" order="Piroplasmida" pageId="3" pageNumber="249" phylum="Miozoa" rank="species" species="batrachi">
|
|
<emphasis id="B942EAC5FF9AFF9F9457F87C20FCF829" bold="true" box="[555,764,1972,1991]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="249">Babesiosoma batrachi</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C364D54FF9AFF9F954EFF5721E4FF5C" box="[818,996,159,178]" family="Dactylosomatidae" genus="Dactylosoma" kingdom="Chromista" order="Piroplasmida" pageId="3" pageNumber="249" phylum="Miozoa" rank="species" species="striata">
|
|
<emphasis id="B942EAC5FF9AFF9F954EFF5721E4FF5C" bold="true" box="[818,996,159,178]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="249">Dactylosoma striata</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C364D54FF9AFF9F958FFF5726CBFF5C" box="[1011,1227,159,178]" family="Dactylosomatidae" genus="Dactylosoma" kingdom="Chromista" order="Piroplasmida" pageId="3" pageNumber="249" phylum="Miozoa" rank="species" species="notopterae">
|
|
<emphasis id="B942EAC5FF9AFF9F958FFF5726CBFF5C" bold="true" box="[1011,1227,159,178]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="249">Dactylosoma notopterae</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
), and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C364D54FF9AFF9F9371FF572649FF20" authority="(Saunders, 1960)" baseAuthorityName="Saunders" baseAuthorityYear="1960" family="Haemohormidiidae" genus="Haemohormidium" kingdom="Chromista" order="Piroplasmida" pageId="3" pageNumber="249" phylum="Miozoa" rank="species" species="rubrimarensis">
|
|
<emphasis id="B942EAC5FF9AFF9F9371FF572197FF20" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="249">Haemohormidium rubrimarensis</emphasis>
|
|
(
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFA74B26FF9AFF9F95D7FF732641FF20" author="Saunders, D. C." box="[939,1089,187,206]" pageId="3" pageNumber="249" pagination="239 - 252" refId="ref19865" refString="Saunders, D. C., 1960. A survey of the blood parasites in the fishes of the Red Sea. Trans. Am. Microsc. Soc. 79, 239 - 252." type="journal article" year="1960">Saunders, 1960</bibRefCitation>
|
|
)
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
(see
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFA74B26FF9AFF9F92FAFF732748FF20" author="Siddall, M. E. & Desser, S. S. & Measures, L. N." box="[1158,1352,187,206]" pageId="3" pageNumber="249" pagination="1018 - 1025" refId="ref20057" refString="Siddall, M. E., Desser, S. S., Measures, L. N., 1994. Light and electron microscopic examination of so-called piroplasms of fishes from Atlantic Canada and systematic revision of the Haemohormiidae (incertae sedis). J. Parasitol. 80, 1018 - 1025." type="journal article" year="1994">Siddall et al., 1994</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFA74B26FF9AFF9F9325FF732162FF04" author="Cook, C. A. & Sikkel, P. C. & Renoux, L. P. & Smit, N. J." pageId="3" pageNumber="249" pagination="1 - 13" refId="ref16743" refString="Cook, C. A., Sikkel, P. C., Renoux, L. P., Smit, N. J., 2015. Blood parasite biodiversity of reefassociated fishes of the eastern Caribbean. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 533, 1 - 13." type="book chapter" year="2015">Cook et al., 2015</bibRefCitation>
|
|
). Enigmatic taxa, removed from the genus
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C364D54FF9AFF9F9368FF1F2786FF04" authorityName="Jakowska and Nigrelli" authorityYear="1956" box="[1300,1414,215,234]" family="Dactylosomatidae" genus="Babesiosoma" kingdom="Chromista" order="Piroplasmida" pageId="3" pageNumber="249" phylum="Miozoa" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B942EAC5FF9AFF9F9368FF1F2786FF04" bold="true" box="[1300,1414,215,234]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="249">Babesiosoma</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
are
|
|
<emphasis id="B942EAC5FF9AFF9F93CBFF1F2196FEEB" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="249">incertae sedis</emphasis>
|
|
(
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C364D54FF9AFF9F95D8FF3A2616FEEB" authorityName="Jakowska and Nigrelli" authorityYear="1956" box="[932,1046,242,261]" family="Dactylosomatidae" genus="Babesiosoma" kingdom="Chromista" order="Piroplasmida" pageId="3" pageNumber="249" phylum="Miozoa" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B942EAC5FF9AFF9F95D8FF3A2616FEEB" bold="true" box="[932,1046,242,261]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="249">Babesiosoma</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
)
|
|
<emphasis id="B942EAC5FF9AFF9F925FFF3B2660FEE8" bold="true" box="[1059,1120,243,262]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="249">anseris</emphasis>
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFA74B26FF9AFF9F921AFF3B277EFEE8" author="Haiba, M. H. & El-Shabrawy, M. N." box="[1126,1406,243,262]" pageId="3" pageNumber="249" pagination="189 - 194" refId="ref17864" refString="Haiba, M. H., El-Shabrawy, M. N., 1967. Babesiosoma anseris (n. sp.) investigated in the goose, Cygnopsis cygnoides in Egypt. J. Vet. Sci. U. A. R. 4, 189 - 194." type="journal article" year="1967">Haiba and El-Shabrawy, 1967</bibRefCitation>
|
|
,
|
|
<emphasis id="B942EAC5FF9AFF9F93F5FF3B215CFECF" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="249">incertae sedis</emphasis>
|
|
(
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C364D54FF9AFF9F950DFEC621E3FECF" authorityName="Jakowska and Nigrelli" authorityYear="1956" box="[881,995,270,289]" family="Dactylosomatidae" genus="Babesiosoma" kingdom="Chromista" order="Piroplasmida" pageId="3" pageNumber="249" phylum="Miozoa" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B942EAC5FF9AFF9F950DFEC621E3FECF" bold="true" box="[881,995,270,289]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="249">Babesiosoma</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
)
|
|
<emphasis id="B942EAC5FF9AFF9F9585FEC62656FECF" bold="true" box="[1017,1110,270,289]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="249">gallinanun</emphasis>
|
|
Fahmy, Arafa, Mandour, Kalifa and Abdel-Salem, 1979, and
|
|
<emphasis id="B942EAC5FF9AFF9F9252FEE226ABFED3" bold="true" box="[1070,1195,298,317]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="249">incertae sedis</emphasis>
|
|
(
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C364D54FF9AFF9F92C3FEE22731FED3" authorityName="Jakowska and Nigrelli" authorityYear="1956" box="[1215,1329,298,317]" family="Dactylosomatidae" genus="Babesiosoma" kingdom="Chromista" order="Piroplasmida" pageId="3" pageNumber="249" phylum="Miozoa" rank="genus">
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|
<emphasis id="B942EAC5FF9AFF9F92C3FEE22731FED3" bold="true" box="[1215,1329,298,317]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="249">Babesiosoma</emphasis>
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|
</taxonomicName>
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|
)
|
|
<emphasis id="B942EAC5FF9AFF9F933BFEE227A9FED3" bold="true" box="[1351,1449,298,317]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="249">ptyodactyli</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA74B26FF9AFF9F93CAFEE326C0FEB4" author="El-Naffer, M. K. & Abdel-Rahman, A. M. & Khalifa, R." pageId="3" pageNumber="249" pagination="305 - 316" refId="ref17428" refString="El-Naffer, M. K., Abdel-Rahman, A. M., Khalifa, R., 1979. A review of the genus Babesiosoma Jakowska and Nigrelli, 1956 with a description of the first species from the gecko Pterodactylus hasselquistii. J. Egypt. Soc. Parasitol. 9, 305 - 316." type="journal article" year="1979">El-Naffer, Abdel-Rahman, and Khalifa 1979</bibRefCitation>
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|
(see
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFA74B26FF9AFF9F9285FE8F276BFEB4" author="Barta, J. R." box="[1273,1387,327,346]" pageId="3" pageNumber="249" pagination="1 - 37" refId="ref15854" refString="Barta, J. R., 1991. The Dactylosomatidae. Adv. Parasitol. 30, 1 - 37." type="journal article" year="1991">Barta, 1991</bibRefCitation>
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). Furthermore
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<taxonomicName id="4C364D54FF9AFF9F9515FEAA26C6FE9B" authority="Mohamed, 1978" authorityName="Mohamed" authorityYear="1978" box="[873,1222,354,374]" family="Dactylosomatidae" genus="Babesiosoma" kingdom="Chromista" order="Piroplasmida" pageId="3" pageNumber="249" phylum="Miozoa" rank="species" species="aegypta">
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|
<emphasis id="B942EAC5FF9AFF9F9515FEAA2625FE98" bold="true" box="[873,1061,354,374]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="249">Babesiosoma aegypta</emphasis>
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|
<bibRefCitation id="EFA74B26FF9AFF9F9250FEAA26C6FE9B" author="Mohamed, M. A." box="[1068,1222,354,373]" pageId="3" pageNumber="249" refId="ref19172" refString="Mohamed, M. A., 1978. Studies on Certain Protozoan and Trematode Parasites of Some Nile Fishes. Faculty Science Ain Shams University, Egypt." type="book" year="1978">Mohamed, 1978</bibRefCitation>
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|
</taxonomicName>
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|
,
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|
<taxonomicName id="4C364D54FF9AFF9F92AFFEAA26F1FE7F" authority="Imam, Marzouk, Hassan, Derhall and Itman, 1985" authorityName="Imam, Marzouk, Hassan, Derhall and Itman" authorityYear="1985" family="Dactylosomatidae" genus="Babesiosoma" kingdom="Chromista" order="Piroplasmida" pageId="3" pageNumber="249" phylum="Miozoa" rank="species" species="tilapiae">
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|
<emphasis id="B942EAC5FF9AFF9F92AFFEAA278CFE9B" bold="true" box="[1235,1420,354,373]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="249">Babesiosoma tilapiae</emphasis>
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|
<bibRefCitation id="EFA74B26FF9AFF9F93EFFEAB26F1FE7F" author="Imam, E. A. & Marzouk, M. S. M. & Hassan, A. A. & Derhall, Y. F. S. & Itman, R. H." pageId="3" pageNumber="249" pagination="97 - 108" refId="ref18075" refString="Imam, E. A., Marzouk, M. S. M., Hassan, A. A., Derhall, Y. F. S., Itman, R. H., 1985. Studies on blood parasites in Nile fishes. J. Egypt Vet. Med. Assoc. 2, 97 - 108." type="journal article" year="1985">Imam, Marzouk, Hassan, Derhall and Itman, 1985</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, and
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|
<taxonomicName id="4C364D54FF9AFF9F9348FEB626CAFE43" authority="Eid, Negm-Eldin and Imam, 1991" authorityName="Eid, Negm-Eldin and Imam" authorityYear="1991" family="Dactylosomatidae" genus="Babesiosoma" kingdom="Chromista" order="Piroplasmida" pageId="3" pageNumber="249" phylum="Miozoa" rank="species" species="aegyptiacus">
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|
<emphasis id="B942EAC5FF9AFF9F9348FEB62184FE43" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="249">Babesiosoma aegyptiacus</emphasis>
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|
<bibRefCitation id="EFA74B26FF9AFF9F95F7FE5226CAFE43" author="Eid, N. & Negm-Eldin, M. M. & Imam, E. A." box="[907,1226,410,430]" pageId="3" pageNumber="249" pagination="84 - 87" refId="ref17385" refString="Eid, N., Negm-Eldin, M. M., Imam, E. A., 1991. Prevalence of blood parasites of some fresh water fishes from Egypt. Benha Veterinary Medical Journal 2, 84 - 87." type="journal article" year="1991">Eid, Negm-Eldin and Imam, 1991</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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|
were considered by
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFA74B26FF9AFF9F93EDFE5321ADFE27" author="Negm-Eldin, M. M." pageId="3" pageNumber="249" pagination="367 - 374" refId="ref19201" refString="Negm-Eldin, M. M., 1998. Life cycle, host restriction and longevity of Babesiosoma mariae Hoare, 1930 (Apicomplexa: Dactylosomatidae). Dtsch. Tierarztl. Wochenschr. 105, 367 - 374." type="journal article" year="1998">Negm-Eldin (1998)</bibRefCitation>
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|
to be supported by insufficient proof to document the validity of these species (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFA74B26FF9AFF9F925FFE1A26C2FE0B" author="Smit, N. J. & Van As, J. G. & Davies, A. J." box="[1059,1218,466,485]" pageId="3" pageNumber="249" pagination="85 - 86" refId="ref20114" refString="Smit, N. J., Van As, J. G., Davies, A. J., 2003. Observations on Babesiosoma mariae (Apicomplexa: Dactylosomatidae) from the Okavango Delta, Botswana. Folia Parasitol. 50, 85 - 86." type="journal article" year="2003">Smit et al., 2003</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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|
<paragraph id="8B8936D7FF9AFF9F952FFE262698FA90" blockId="3.[818,1488,159,1406]" pageId="3" pageNumber="249">
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|
<taxonomicName id="4C364D54FF9AFF9F952FFE262614FDEF" box="[851,1044,494,513]" pageId="3" pageNumber="249">
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|
<emphasis id="B942EAC5FF9AFF9F952FFE2621C5FDEF" bold="true" box="[851,965,494,513]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="249">Babesiosoma</emphasis>
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|
species
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</taxonomicName>
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|
are characterised by merogonic replication within the vertebrate host leading to the formation of gamonts followed by sporogonic and merogonic replication in the invertebrate host and vector (see
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|
<bibRefCitation id="EFA74B26FF9AFF9F95E1FD8926A8FDBA" author="Jakowska, S. & Nigrelli, R. F." box="[925,1192,577,596]" pageId="3" pageNumber="249" pagination="112 - 127" refId="ref18176" refString="Jakowska, S., Nigrelli, R. F., 1956. Babesiosoma gen. nov. and other babesioids in erythrocytes of cold-blooded vertebrates. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 64, 112 - 127." type="journal article" year="1956">Jakowska and Nigrelli, 1956</bibRefCitation>
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;
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|
<bibRefCitation id="EFA74B26FF9AFF9F92CFFD8A278CFDBA" author="Barta, J. R. & Desser, S. S." box="[1203,1420,577,597]" pageId="3" pageNumber="249" pagination="359 - 368" refId="ref15964" refString="Barta, J. R., Desser, S. S., 1986. Light and electron microscopic observations on the intraerythrocytic development of Babesiosoma stableri (Apicomplexa, Dactylosomatidae) in frogs from Algonquin Park, Ontario. J. Protozool. 33, 359 - 368." type="journal article" year="1986">Barta and Desser, 1986</bibRefCitation>
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;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFA74B26FF9AFF9F93EBFD8A2162FD9F" author="Barta, J. R." pageId="3" pageNumber="249" pagination="1 - 37" refId="ref15854" refString="Barta, J. R., 1991. The Dactylosomatidae. Adv. Parasitol. 30, 1 - 37." type="journal article" year="1991">Barta, 1991</bibRefCitation>
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). In the vertebrate host, asexual development consists of primary and secondary merogony, except for
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C364D54FF9AFF9F92EAFDB226EEFD62" authorityName="Hoare" authorityYear="1930" box="[1174,1262,633,653]" family="Dactylosomatidae" genus="Dactylosoma" kingdom="Chromista" order="Piroplasmida" pageId="3" pageNumber="249" phylum="Miozoa" rank="species" species="mariae">
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|
<emphasis id="B942EAC5FF9AFF9F92EAFDB226EEFD62" bold="true" box="[1174,1262,633,653]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="249">B. mariae</emphasis>
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|
</taxonomicName>
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|
. The latter species was shown by
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFA74B26FF9AFF9F95E9FD5D264BFD46" author="Negm-Eldin, M. M." box="[917,1099,661,680]" pageId="3" pageNumber="249" pagination="367 - 374" refId="ref19201" refString="Negm-Eldin, M. M., 1998. Life cycle, host restriction and longevity of Babesiosoma mariae Hoare, 1930 (Apicomplexa: Dactylosomatidae). Dtsch. Tierarztl. Wochenschr. 105, 367 - 374." type="journal article" year="1998">Negm-Eldin (1998)</bibRefCitation>
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to contain a third merogonic cycle (tertiary merogony).
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C364D54FF9AFF9F959EFD7926A1FD2A" authorityName="Schmittner and McGhee" authorityYear="1961" box="[994,1185,689,708]" family="Dactylosomatidae" genus="Babesiosoma" kingdom="Chromista" order="Piroplasmida" pageId="3" pageNumber="249" phylum="Miozoa" rank="species" species="stableri">
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<emphasis id="B942EAC5FF9AFF9F959EFD7926A1FD2A" bold="true" box="[994,1185,689,708]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="249">Babesiosoma stableri</emphasis>
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|
</taxonomicName>
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|
undergoes primary merogony when a merozoite enters a vertebrate (frog) host's erythrocyte. Within the erythrocytes, the merozoites undergo nuclear division, transforming into a binucleate meront. These binucleate meronts then undergo a second nuclear division, ultimately forming the characteristic and tetranucleate cruciform meront (four merozoites arranged in a cross shape) typical of members of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C364D54FF9AFF9F9236FC9026BCFC85" ID-CoL="36ZL" authorityName="Jakowska and Nigrelli" authorityYear="1956" box="[1098,1212,856,875]" family="Dactylosomatidae" genus="Babesiosoma" kingdom="Chromista" order="Piroplasmida" pageId="3" pageNumber="249" phylum="Miozoa" rank="genus">
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|
<emphasis id="B942EAC5FF9AFF9F9236FC9026BCFC85" bold="true" box="[1098,1212,856,875]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="249">Babesiosoma</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
(see
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFA74B26FF9AFF9F9292FC9127C9FC85" author="Barta, J. R. & Desser, S. S." box="[1262,1481,856,876]" pageId="3" pageNumber="249" pagination="359 - 368" refId="ref15964" refString="Barta, J. R., Desser, S. S., 1986. Light and electron microscopic observations on the intraerythrocytic development of Babesiosoma stableri (Apicomplexa, Dactylosomatidae) in frogs from Algonquin Park, Ontario. J. Protozool. 33, 359 - 368." type="journal article" year="1986">Barta and Desser, 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFA74B26FF9AFF9F954EFCBD21A5FC69" author="Barta, J. R." box="[818,933,884,904]" pageId="3" pageNumber="249" pagination="1 - 37" refId="ref15854" refString="Barta, J. R., 1991. The Dactylosomatidae. Adv. Parasitol. 30, 1 - 37." type="journal article" year="1991">Barta, 1991</bibRefCitation>
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). The cruciform meront's merozoites then separate and penetrate other erythrocytes, either repeating the cycle of primary merogony or initiating secondary merogony. The secondary merogonic cycle is completed in the same manner as primary merogony ultimately producing secondary merozoites that either repeat secondary merogony or mature into gamonts (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFA74B26FF9AFF9F9258FBC82703FBFD" author="Barta, J. R. & Desser, S. S." box="[1060,1283,1024,1043]" pageId="3" pageNumber="249" pagination="359 - 368" refId="ref15964" refString="Barta, J. R., Desser, S. S., 1986. Light and electron microscopic observations on the intraerythrocytic development of Babesiosoma stableri (Apicomplexa, Dactylosomatidae) in frogs from Algonquin Park, Ontario. J. Protozool. 33, 359 - 368." type="journal article" year="1986">Barta and Desser, 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFA74B26FF9AFF9F936CFBC82780FBFD" author="Barta, J. R." box="[1296,1408,1024,1043]" pageId="3" pageNumber="249" pagination="1 - 37" refId="ref15854" refString="Barta, J. R., 1991. The Dactylosomatidae. Adv. Parasitol. 30, 1 - 37." type="journal article" year="1991">Barta, 1991</bibRefCitation>
|
|
). For
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C364D54FF9AFF9F93C0FBC8216FFBC1" authorityName="Hoare" authorityYear="1930" family="Dactylosomatidae" genus="Dactylosoma" kingdom="Chromista" order="Piroplasmida" pageId="3" pageNumber="249" phylum="Miozoa" rank="species" species="mariae">
|
|
<emphasis id="B942EAC5FF9AFF9F93C0FBC8216FFBC1" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="249">B. mariae</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
in its fish host, the primary and secondary merogonic cycles are shorter compared to
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C364D54FF9AFF9F958BFBF02650FBA4" authorityName="Schmittner and McGhee" authorityYear="1961" box="[1015,1104,1079,1099]" family="Dactylosomatidae" genus="Babesiosoma" kingdom="Chromista" order="Piroplasmida" pageId="3" pageNumber="249" phylum="Miozoa" rank="species" species="stableri">
|
|
<emphasis id="B942EAC5FF9AFF9F958BFBF02650FBA4" bold="true" box="[1015,1104,1079,1099]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="249">B. stableri</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and mature gamonts are produced from tertiary merozoites in the third merogonic cycle (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFA74B26FF9AFF9F9368FB9B27C1FB89" author="Negm-Eldin, M. M." box="[1300,1473,1107,1127]" pageId="3" pageNumber="249" pagination="367 - 374" refId="ref19201" refString="Negm-Eldin, M. M., 1998. Life cycle, host restriction and longevity of Babesiosoma mariae Hoare, 1930 (Apicomplexa: Dactylosomatidae). Dtsch. Tierarztl. Wochenschr. 105, 367 - 374." type="journal article" year="1998">Negm-Eldin, 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
|
). Mature gamonts are then ingested in the blood meal of the natural leech vector,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C364D54FF9AFF9F950BFB432620FB70" baseAuthorityName="Verrill" baseAuthorityYear="1872" box="[887,1056,1163,1182]" class="Clitellata" family="Glossiphoniidae" genus="Desserobdella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhynchobdellida" pageId="3" pageNumber="249" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="picta">
|
|
<emphasis id="B942EAC5FF9AFF9F950BFB432620FB70" bold="true" box="[887,1056,1163,1182]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="249">Desserobdella picta</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and undergo syzygy, ultimately maturing into gametes that fuse to form an ookinete. The ookinete then penetrates intestinal epithelial cells to initiate sporogony. Mature sporozoites then make their way to the salivary glands, where they undergo similar merogonic replication as in the vertebrate host, producing merozoites that will repeat the merogonic cycle or enter the ductules of the salivary glands. When the leech takes its next blood meal, the merozoites are injected into its new vertebrate host (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFA74B26FF9AFF9F92D2FA8727C9FA8C" author="Jakowska, S. & Nigrelli, R. F." box="[1198,1481,1359,1378]" pageId="3" pageNumber="249" pagination="112 - 127" refId="ref18176" refString="Jakowska, S., Nigrelli, R. F., 1956. Babesiosoma gen. nov. and other babesioids in erythrocytes of cold-blooded vertebrates. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 64, 112 - 127." type="journal article" year="1956">Jakowska and Nigrelli, 1956</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFA74B26FF9AFF9F954EFAA3260FFA93" author="Barta, J. R. & Desser, S. S." box="[818,1039,1386,1406]" pageId="3" pageNumber="249" pagination="359 - 368" refId="ref15964" refString="Barta, J. R., Desser, S. S., 1986. Light and electron microscopic observations on the intraerythrocytic development of Babesiosoma stableri (Apicomplexa, Dactylosomatidae) in frogs from Algonquin Park, Ontario. J. Protozool. 33, 359 - 368." type="journal article" year="1986">Barta and Desser, 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFA74B26FF9AFF9F9267FAA3268AFA90" author="Barta, J. R." box="[1051,1162,1387,1406]" pageId="3" pageNumber="249" pagination="1 - 37" refId="ref15854" refString="Barta, J. R., 1991. The Dactylosomatidae. Adv. Parasitol. 30, 1 - 37." type="journal article" year="1991">Barta, 1991</bibRefCitation>
|
|
).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
</treatment>
|
|
</document> |