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<document id="8B0EE2EA0A805BEF7AD0BF819BA857E6" ID-CLB-Dataset="305320" ID-DOI="10.4314/met.v32i1.6" ID-GBIF-Dataset="968b6c66-e35b-4f42-8e73-e380d3c599a8" ID-ISSN="2307-5031" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14199458" ID-ZooBank="92B77F73-1BBE-4B6F-AF9E-FEE578A75420" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="julia" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="julia" IM.metadata_approvedBy="julia" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="julia" IM.treatments_approvedBy="julia" checkinTime="1731461411424" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Libert, Michel &amp; Collins, Steve C." docDate="2021" docId="03FCBF1CFF827C75FF137F01EEB2F00A" docLanguage="en" docName="Metamorphosis.32.30-35.pdf" docOrigin="Metamorphosis 32" docStyle="DocumentStyle:73CBAE06DE6A380ACC54A94377F5FCBA.1:Metamorphosis.2021-.journal_article" docStyleId="73CBAE06DE6A380ACC54A94377F5FCBA" docStyleName="Metamorphosis.2021-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="1" docTitle="Liptena kiellandi Congdon &amp; Collins 1998" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="34" masterDocId="FFC5C764FF817C71FF977E42EA68F72D" masterDocTitle="Taxonomic notes on Liptena eketi Bethune-Baker, 1926 and related species (Papilionoidea: Lycaenidae: Poritiinae)" masterLastPageNumber="35" masterPageNumber="30" pageNumber="33" updateTime="1732213473018" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-NC-ND-4.0">
<mods:mods id="329763CF0A36D69AF16E02757DB48E1F" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="BE56158D93CFD8E0760D66D8A8159382">
<mods:title id="62981416F21B6989EF830CEEC841725B">Taxonomic notes on Liptena eketi Bethune-Baker, 1926 and related species (Papilionoidea: Lycaenidae: Poritiinae)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="7A91F5A84905824754C3B2A17DC295B5" type="personal">
<mods:role id="37B323DAE5D37097373478EB1317F71A">
<mods:roleTerm id="4B91ABA14E8AFF653575F5CCF78BD48C">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="B630CC3BB8C0599DEDA71166A479865C">Libert, Michel</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="6EFBC45B964DBEF416899832C28C89F3" type="personal">
<mods:role id="72CC3C1274B535913F00FF7E95E5BBA9">
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<mods:namePart id="1BCB7C08A9E5633E73A332063ACE8BC1">Collins, Steve C.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="E721D6035DECF744C9BEA2CE3A554C6A">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="C01ED26CD66FA2D61FC10C0AF5460E73" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="C624575AC053BA4E978A1426EE1DEF98">
<mods:title id="5D85FBB2169B6F5A861CFF49B9819777">Metamorphosis</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="DAA5228C26BA0E6AB8EBA531286BA297">
<mods:date id="7EB7CCB18EADBACC8722F7A2C1410B68">2021</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="6EDDDFF959C13743F0B1CBD1BB0CE2A3" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="F28B138B3F6A6A42B539BC7630249DCF">2021-07-12</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="326BC7576D93561CBD1C4568C7F99FE3" type="volume">
<mods:number id="E52ACC4C36362EC4675BACFCA9D9653E">32</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="E443FE4649DB9801E2F57C8D1B367280">30</mods:start>
<mods:end id="6207C8C409175427BC6E0CFCE9E9EAE1">35</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
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<mods:classification id="9740D70FD4F27DD9F602D3DD373257E5">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="5D15491EC47DFFFCE8C3E59CCD51C89E" type="CLB-Dataset">305320</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="3485D8471EF41DB99A76FC2F68C84D97" type="DOI">10.4314/met.v32i1.6</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="FCAC2D0164E888CA7BDFF97C3AB56008" type="ISSN">2307-5031</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="98E44A58EB8EB6AD7355849EDFBB6D41" type="Zenodo-Dep">14199458</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03FCBF1CFF827C75FF137F01EEB2F00A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14199524" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14199524" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FCBF1CFF827C75FF137F01EEB2F00A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FCBF1CFF827C75FF137F01EEB2F00A" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="34" pageId="3" pageNumber="33">
<subSubSection id="C34F5D81FF827C72FF137F01E833F677" box="[132,603,322,347]" pageId="3" pageNumber="33" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BEA0E0AFF827C72FF137F01E833F677" blockId="3.[132,603,322,347]" box="[132,603,322,347]" pageId="3" pageNumber="33">
<heading id="D0A2B966FF827C72FF137F01E833F677" box="[132,603,322,347]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="33" reason="8">
<taxonomicName id="4C557589FF827C72FF137F01E833F677" authority="Congdon &amp; Collins, 1998" authorityName="Congdon &amp; Collins" authorityYear="1998" box="[132,603,322,347]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Liptena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kiellandi">
<emphasis id="B921D218FF827C72FF137F01EB28F676" bold="true" box="[132,320,323,347]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="33">Liptena kiellandi</emphasis>
Congdon &amp; Collins, 1998
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34F5D81FF827C70FF137F38E9F8F66F" lastPageId="1" lastPageNumber="31" pageId="3" pageNumber="33" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BEA0E0AFF827C72FF137F38EBA0F6BC" blockId="3.[132,456,377,402]" box="[132,456,377,402]" pageId="3" pageNumber="33">Type material and distribution</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEA0E0AFF807C70FF137ED3EA96F785" blockId="1.[132,747,144,322]" box="[132,254,144,168]" pageId="1" pageNumber="31">
<taxonomicName id="4C557589FF807C70FF137ED3EA96F785" authorityName="Congdon &amp; Collins" authorityYear="1998" box="[132,254,144,168]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Liptena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kiellandi">
<emphasis id="B921D218FF807C70FF137ED3EA96F785" box="[132,254,144,168]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="31">L. kiellandi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEA0E0AFF807C70FF137EEDE9F8F66F" blockId="1.[132,747,144,322]" lastBlockId="1.[841,1456,176,322]" pageId="1" pageNumber="31">
<specimenCount id="9D53C583FF807C70FF137EEDEACEF7EA" box="[132,166,175,199]" count="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="31" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
Manki, NE of Foumban, west
<collectingCountry id="F3424E9AFF807C70FE617EEDE80DF7EA" box="[502,613,175,199]" name="Cameroon" pageId="1" pageNumber="31">Cameroon</collectingCountry>
(
<date id="FFEB28CAFF807C70FDE27EEDE88CF7EA" box="[629,740,175,199]" pageId="1" pageNumber="31" value="1988-02-17">17.ii.1988</date>
) MLC gen. prep. Libert 120–028;
<specimenCount id="9D53C583FF807C70FD997E8CE858F7CB" box="[526,560,206,230]" count="5" pageId="1" pageNumber="31" type="male">5♂</specimenCount>
<collectingRegion id="4991C0E8FF807C70FDA97E8CE8DDF7CB" box="[574,693,206,230]" country="Democratic Republic of the Congo" name="Nord-Kivu" pageId="1" pageNumber="31">Nord-Kivu</collectingRegion>
, NE
<collectingCountry id="F3424E9AFF807C70FF137EAFEAD2F628" box="[132,186,237,261]" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="1" pageNumber="31">DRC</collectingCountry>
, leg. Ducarme,
<collectingCountry id="F3424E9AFF807C70FEF27EAFEBF4F628" box="[357,412,237,261]" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="1" pageNumber="31">RDC</collectingCountry>
;
<specimenCount id="9D53C583FF807C70FE3E7EAFEBA2F628" box="[425,458,237,261]" count="4" pageId="1" pageNumber="31" type="male">4♂</specimenCount>
Kasugho,
<quantity id="4CADA3EFFF807C70FDAA7EAFE8F8F628" box="[573,656,237,261]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="31" unit="m" value="2000.0">2000 m</quantity>
,
<date id="FFEB28CAFF807C70FD0C7EACE88DF628" box="[667,741,237,261]" pageId="1" pageNumber="31" value="2015-05">v.2015</date>
,
<date id="FFEB28CAFF807C70FF137F49EA8CF60E" box="[132,228,267,291]" pageId="1" pageNumber="31" value="2014-08">viii.2014</date>
(gen. prep. Libert 117-191, 117-192),
<date id="FFEB28CAFF807C70FD047F49E88FF60E" box="[659,743,267,291]" pageId="1" pageNumber="31" value="2016-11">xi.2016</date>
,
<date id="FFEB28CAFF807C70FF137F68EA8CF66F" box="[132,228,298,322]" pageId="1" pageNumber="31" value="2017-08">viii.2017</date>
;
<specimenCount id="9D53C583FF807C70FF667F68EB7BF66F" box="[241,275,298,322]" count="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="31" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
Maliva,
<quantity id="4CADA3EFFF807C70FEE77F68EBA9F66F" box="[368,449,298,322]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="1" pageNumber="31" unit="m" value="1800.0">1800 m</quantity>
,
<date id="FFEB28CAFF807C70FE597F68E871F66F" box="[462,537,298,322]" pageId="1" pageNumber="31" value="2016-02">ii.2016</date>
, Bold MLIB–2530, MLC;
<specimenCount id="9D53C583FF807C70FC037EF2E9DDF7EA" box="[916,949,176,200]" count="5" pageId="1" pageNumber="31" type="male">5♂</specimenCount>
Ebogo, S of Yaoundé,
<collectingCountry id="F3424E9AFF807C70FB297EF2EF45F7E5" box="[1214,1325,176,200]" name="Cameroon" pageId="1" pageNumber="31">Cameroon</collectingCountry>
,
<collectionCode id="ED4496CFFF807C70FAA97EF2EFE9F7E5" box="[1342,1409,176,200]" pageId="1" pageNumber="31">ABRI</collectionCode>
;
<specimenCount id="9D53C583FF807C70FA197EF2EFC7F7EA" box="[1422,1455,176,200]" count="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="31" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
Ebolowa, south
<collectingCountry id="F3424E9AFF807C70FB9D7E8CEE13F7CB" box="[1034,1147,206,230]" name="Cameroon" pageId="1" pageNumber="31">Cameroon</collectingCountry>
,
<collectionCode id="ED4496CFFF807C70FB077E8CEEBBF7CB" box="[1168,1235,206,230]" pageId="1" pageNumber="31">ABRI</collectionCode>
;
<specimenCount id="9D53C583FF807C70FB7F7E8CEF61F7CB" box="[1256,1289,206,230]" count="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="31" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
Bertoua, east
<collectingCountry id="F3424E9AFF807C70FCDE7EAFE9D2F628" box="[841,954,237,261]" name="Cameroon" pageId="1" pageNumber="31">Cameroon</collectingCountry>
,
<collectionCode id="ED4496CFFF807C70FC477EAFEE7BF628" box="[976,1043,237,261]" pageId="1" pageNumber="31">ABRI</collectionCode>
;
<specimenCount id="9D53C583FF807C70FBBE7EAFEE22F628" box="[1065,1098,237,261]" count="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="31" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
Batalimo, nr
<collectingRegion id="4991C0E8FF807C70FB6B7EAFEF21F628" box="[1276,1353,237,261]" country="Central African Republic" name="Bangui" pageId="1" pageNumber="31">Bangui</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="F3424E9AFF807C70FAF67EAFEE64F609" name="Central African Republic" pageId="1" pageNumber="31">Central African Republic</collectingCountry>
,
<collectionCode id="ED4496CFFF807C70FB897F4EEE09F609" box="[1054,1121,268,292]" pageId="1" pageNumber="31">ABRI</collectionCode>
;
<specimenCount id="9D53C583FF807C70FBE37F4EEEFDF60E" box="[1140,1173,268,292]" count="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="31" type="male">2♂</specimenCount>
Mabira Forest,
<collectingCountry id="F3424E9AFF807C70FAC07F4EEFC4F609" box="[1367,1452,268,292]" name="Uganda" pageId="1" pageNumber="31">Uganda</collectingCountry>
,
<collectionCode id="ED4496CFFF807C70FCDE7F68E9E4F66F" box="[841,908,298,322]" pageId="1" pageNumber="31">ABRI</collectionCode>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34F5D81FF827C72FF137FF3E818F399" pageId="3" pageNumber="33" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BEA0E0AFF827C72FF137FF3E883F54F" blockId="3.[132,747,433,610]" pageId="3" pageNumber="33">
The description of
<taxonomicName id="4C557589FF827C72FECC7FF0EBB1F6E4" authorityName="Congdon &amp; Collins" authorityYear="1998" box="[347,473,433,457]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Liptena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kiellandi">
<emphasis id="B921D218FF827C72FECC7FF0EBB1F6E4" box="[347,473,433,457]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="33">L. kiellandi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was based on
<emphasis id="B921D218FF827C72FD127FF0E8FFF6E4" box="[645,663,434,457]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="33">c.</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="9D53C583FF827C72FD357FF0EA9DF6CA" count="20" pageId="3" pageNumber="33" type="generic">twenty specimens</specimenCount>
, all collected at the type-locality (Minziro forest, in north-western
<collectingCountry id="F3424E9AFF827C72FE347FACE862F52B" box="[419,522,494,518]" name="Tanzania" pageId="3" pageNumber="33">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
). The authors also described the subspecies
<emphasis id="B921D218FF827C72FE227C4FE845F508" box="[437,557,525,549]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="33">kakamegae</emphasis>
, from
<emphasis id="B921D218FF827C72FD1B7C4CE8F6F508" box="[652,670,526,549]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="33">c.</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="9D53C583FF827C72FD267C4FEA9DF56E" count="30" pageId="3" pageNumber="33" type="generic">thirty specimens</specimenCount>
, all from the type-locality (
<collectingRegion id="4991C0E8FF827C72FDB37C69E8F0F56E" box="[548,664,555,579]" country="Kenya" name="Kakamega" pageId="3" pageNumber="33">Kakamega</collectingRegion>
Forest, western
<collectingCountry id="F3424E9AFF827C72FF4A7C08EB4FF54F" box="[221,295,586,610]" name="Kenya" pageId="3" pageNumber="33">Kenya</collectingCountry>
). All of these type-specimens are in ABRI.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEA0E0AFF827C72FF137CC3E8E1F5FB" blockId="3.[132,747,641,727]" pageId="3" pageNumber="33">
A female captured in western
<collectingCountry id="F3424E9AFF827C72FE6C7CC3E802F5B4" box="[507,618,641,665]" name="Cameroon" pageId="3" pageNumber="33">Cameroon</collectingCountry>
, originally identified as
<taxonomicName id="4C557589FF827C72FE867CE3EB08F595" authorityName="Bethune-Baker" authorityYear="1926" box="[273,352,672,696]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Liptena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="eketi">
<emphasis id="B921D218FF827C72FE867CE3EB08F595" box="[273,352,672,696]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="33">L. eketi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by
<bibRefCitation id="EFC473FBFF827C72FE1C7CE2E82DF595" author="LIBERT, M." box="[395,581,672,696]" journalOrPublisher="Lambillionea" pageId="3" pageNumber="33" pagination="21 - 34" part="92" refId="ref3756" refString="LIBERT, M., 1992. Notes faunistiques sur les Lepidopteres Rhopaloceres du Cameroun. I - Liste d'especes non connues du Cameroun. Lambillionea 92 (1): 21 - 34." title="Notes faunistiques sur les Lepidopteres Rhopaloceres du Cameroun. I - Liste d'especes non connues du Cameroun" type="journal article" year="1992">Libert (1992: 28)</bibRefCitation>
looks closer to
<taxonomicName id="4C557589FF827C72FF137C82EA96F5FA" authorityName="Congdon &amp; Collins" authorityYear="1998" box="[132,254,703,727]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Liptena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kiellandi">
<emphasis id="B921D218FF827C72FF137C82EA96F5FA" box="[132,254,703,727]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="33">L. kiellandi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(which was only described in 1998).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEA0E0AFF827C72FF137CB4EB1AF401" blockId="3.[132,746,758,812]" pageId="3" pageNumber="33">
More recently, several other populations of
<taxonomicName id="4C557589FF827C72FDF97CB5E882F423" authorityName="Congdon &amp; Collins" authorityYear="1998" box="[622,746,758,782]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Liptena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kiellandi">
<emphasis id="B921D218FF827C72FDF97CB5E882F423" box="[622,746,758,782]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="33">L. kiellandi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have been discovered:
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEA0E0AFF827C72FF137D0DEB4DF48C" blockId="3.[132,746,844,1056]" pageId="3" pageNumber="33">
o
<specimenCount id="9D53C583FF827C72FF3D7D0FEB31F449" box="[170,345,844,868]" count="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="33" type="generic">Two specimens</specimenCount>
captured in the
<location id="8E8A58D1FF827C72FDB07D0EE8AAF449" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FCBF1CFF827C75FF137F01EEB2F00A:8E8A58D1FF827C72FDB07D0EE8AAF449" box="[551,706,844,868]" country="Uganda" name="Mabira forest" pageId="3" pageNumber="33">Mabira forest</location>
, in south-eastern
<collectingCountry id="F3424E9AFF827C72FEA97D28EBF9F4AF" box="[318,401,874,898]" name="Uganda" pageId="3" pageNumber="33">Uganda</collectingCountry>
(ABRI, referred to the nominate subspecies)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEA0E0AFF827C72FF137DE9E800F4F3" blockId="3.[132,746,844,1056]" pageId="3" pageNumber="33">
o A large population in north-eastern
<collectingCountry id="F3424E9AFF827C72FDC67DEAE8E0F4ED" box="[593,648,936,960]" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="3" pageNumber="33">DRC</collectingCountry>
(around
<specimenCount id="9D53C583FF827C72FF3D7D84EBF3F4F3" box="[170,411,966,990]" count="25" pageId="3" pageNumber="33" type="generic">twenty-five specimens</specimenCount>
– ABRI and
<collectingCountry id="F3424E9AFF827C72FDBE7D84E809F4F3" box="[553,609,966,990]" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="3" pageNumber="33">RDC</collectingCountry>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEA0E0AFF827C72FF137DAAE8D5F332" blockId="3.[132,746,844,1056]" pageId="3" pageNumber="33">
o
<location id="8E8A58D1FF827C72FF3D7DA4EB6BF4D0" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FCBF1CFF827C75FF137F01EEB2F00A:8E8A58D1FF827C72FF3D7DA4EB6BF4D0" box="[170,259,998,1021]" country="Uganda" name="Western" pageId="3" pageNumber="33">Western</location>
<collectingCountry id="F3424E9AFF827C72FE9D7DA7EB35F4D0" box="[266,349,997,1021]" name="Uganda" pageId="3" pageNumber="33">Uganda</collectingCountry>
(
<specimenCount id="9D53C583FF827C72FEFB7DA7E871F4D0" box="[364,537,997,1021]" count="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="33" type="generic">three specimens</specimenCount>
from Budongo and Bugoma in the Nairobi Museum, as
<taxonomicName id="4C557589FF827C72FDB97A4AE8C2F332" authorityName="Hawker-Smith" authorityYear="1933" box="[558,682,1031,1055]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Liptena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fulvicans">
<emphasis id="B921D218FF827C72FDB97A4AE8C2F332" box="[558,682,1031,1055]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="33">L. fulvicans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B921D218FF827C72FD3D7A41E8DBF33E" bold="true" box="[682,691,1027,1043]" pageId="3" pageNumber="33">
<superScript id="7C20A342FF827C72FD3D7A41E8DBF33E" attach="left" box="[682,691,1027,1043]" fontSize="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="33">1</superScript>
</emphasis>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEA0E0AFF827C72FF137A02E818F399" blockId="3.[132,747,1088,1204]" pageId="3" pageNumber="33">
The range of
<taxonomicName id="4C557589FF827C72FE807A03EBFAF375" authorityName="Congdon &amp; Collins" authorityYear="1998" box="[279,402,1088,1112]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Liptena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kiellandi">
<emphasis id="B921D218FF827C72FE807A03EBFAF375" box="[279,402,1088,1112]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="33">L. kiellandi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
therefore extends from western
<collectingCountry id="F3424E9AFF827C72FF137A1DEAA1F35A" box="[132,201,1119,1143]" name="Kenya" pageId="3" pageNumber="33">Kenya</collectingCountry>
to western
<collectingCountry id="F3424E9AFF827C72FED07A1DEBDEF35A" box="[327,438,1119,1143]" name="Cameroon" pageId="3" pageNumber="33">Cameroon</collectingCountry>
(
<figureCitation id="136E128FFF827C72FE537A1DE86AF35A" box="[452,514,1119,1143]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="1.[479,547,1019,1040]" captionTargetBox="[133,1435,361,987]" captionTargetId="figure-267@1.[133,1435,361,987]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Figure 1 – Distribution map for L. eketi, L. seyboui, L. kiellandi" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14199460" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14199460/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="33">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
). It is separated from
<taxonomicName id="4C557589FF827C72FF137A3CEABCF3B8" authorityName="Bethune-Baker" authorityYear="1926" box="[132,212,1149,1173]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Liptena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="eketi">
<emphasis id="B921D218FF827C72FF137A3CEABCF3B8" box="[132,212,1149,1173]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="33">L. eketi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the
<collectingCountry id="F3424E9AFF827C72FEB27A3FEBFCF3B8" box="[293,404,1149,1173]" name="Cameroon" pageId="3" pageNumber="33">Cameroon</collectingCountry>
highlands, although Manki and the Rhoko forest are only about
<quantity id="4CADA3EFFF827C72FE4C7ADEE845F399" box="[475,557,1180,1204]" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" pageId="3" pageNumber="33" unit="km" value="260.0">260 km</quantity>
apart.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34F5D81FF827C75FF137A91EEB2F00A" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="34" pageId="3" pageNumber="33" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BEA0E0AFF827C72FF137A91EB02F3C6" blockId="3.[132,362,1235,1259]" box="[132,362,1235,1259]" pageId="3" pageNumber="33">
Facies (
<figureCitation id="136E128FFF827C72FF417A91EB4BF3C6" box="[214,291,1235,1259]" captionStart="Plate 1" captionStartId="2.[165,217,620,641]" captionTargetBox="[153,1446,162,585]" captionTargetId="figure-918@2.[153,1446,162,585]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Plate 1 – A, B: L. seyboui, Alépé (Ivory Coast) A: ♂ Recto, B: ♀ Verso; C, D: ♂ L. eketi, Rhoko forest (Nigeria) C: Recto, D: Verso E, F: ♂ L. kiellandi, Maliva (NE DRC) E: Recto, F: Verso; G, H: ♀ L. kiellandi, Manki (Cameroon) G: Recto, H: Verso." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14199464" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14199464/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="33">Plate 1</figureCitation>
: E–H)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEA0E0AFF827C72FF137B49E81EF2F7" blockId="3.[132,747,1291,1499]" pageId="3" pageNumber="33">
Male
<typeStatus id="54EEB0A8FF827C72FF507B49EB46F20E" box="[199,302,1291,1315]" pageId="3" pageNumber="33" type="holotype">holotypes</typeStatus>
of both subspecies were shown in the original description (upper side, two-thirds the actual size) and in
<bibRefCitation id="EFC473FBFF827C72FF5C7B0AEBC3F24D" author="D'ABRERA, B." bookContentInfo="260 pp." box="[203,427,1352,1376]" journalOrPublisher="Hill House, Melbourne, London" pageId="3" pageNumber="33" refId="ref3722" refString="D'ABRERA, B., 2009. Butterflies of the Afrotropical Region. New and revised edition. Part III, Lycaenidae, Riodinidae. Hill House, Melbourne, London 260 pp." title="Butterflies of the Afrotropical Region. New and revised edition. Part III, Lycaenidae, Riodinidae" type="book" year="2009">
<collectingCounty id="628B7686FF827C72FF5C7B0AEB4FF24D" box="[203,295,1352,1376]" pageId="3" pageNumber="33">d'Abrera</collectingCounty>
(2009: 653)
</bibRefCitation>
, and their comparison appears to confirm the validity of the
<collectingMunicipality id="6B8E9470FF827C72FD9C7B25E836F252" box="[523,606,1383,1407]" pageId="3" pageNumber="33">Kenyan</collectingMunicipality>
subspecies.
<location id="8E8A58D1FF827C72FF137BC4EA80F2B0" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FCBF1CFF827C75FF137F01EEB2F00A:8E8A58D1FF827C72FF137BC4EA80F2B0" box="[132,232,1414,1437]" county="d'Abrera" municipality="Kenyan" name="However" pageId="3" pageNumber="33" stateProvince="Kakamega">However</location>
, there are now about
<specimenCount id="9D53C583FF827C72FE797BC7E8F0F2B0" box="[494,664,1413,1437]" count="50" pageId="3" pageNumber="33" type="generic">fifty specimens</specimenCount>
of the
<collectingRegion id="4991C0E8FF827C72FF137BE6EA9EF291" box="[132,246,1444,1468]" country="Kenya" name="Kakamega" pageId="3" pageNumber="33">Kakamega</collectingRegion>
subspecies in ABRI, several of which are hardly different from the nominate subspecies.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEA0E0AFF827C72FF137BB8E86BF140" blockId="3.[132,747,1530,1646]" pageId="3" pageNumber="33">
The upper side of
<taxonomicName id="4C557589FF827C72FED57BB9EBD2F13F" authorityName="Congdon &amp; Collins" authorityYear="1998" box="[322,442,1530,1554]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Liptena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kiellandi">
<emphasis id="B921D218FF827C72FED57BB9EBD2F13F" box="[322,442,1530,1554]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="33">L. kiellandi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is very variable and not very different, either from
<taxonomicName id="4C557589FF827C72FEFA785BEBB5F11D" authorityName="Warren-Gash &amp; Larsen" authorityYear="2003" box="[365,477,1560,1584]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Liptena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="seyboui">
<emphasis id="B921D218FF827C72FEFA785BEBB5F11D" box="[365,477,1560,1584]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="33">L. seyboui</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, or from
<taxonomicName id="4C557589FF827C72FDD4785BE8FAF11D" authorityName="Bethune-Baker" authorityYear="1926" box="[579,658,1560,1584]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Liptena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="eketi">
<emphasis id="B921D218FF827C72FDD4785BE8FAF11D" box="[579,658,1560,1584]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="33">L. eketi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but the wide black margin along the costal edge of forewings makes it more similar to
<taxonomicName id="4C557589FF827C72FE197815EB95F143" authorityName="Warren-Gash &amp; Larsen" authorityYear="2003" box="[398,509,1622,1646]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Liptena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="seyboui">
<emphasis id="B921D218FF827C72FE197815EB95F143" box="[398,509,1622,1646]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="33">L. seyboui</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEA0E0AFF827C72FF1378CFE80CF032" blockId="3.[132,746,1677,1823]" pageId="3" pageNumber="33">
On the underside of the hindwings, the widening of the second pale transversal band is more strongly marked in
<taxonomicName id="4C557589FF827C72FF137889EB6AF1CF" authorityName="Congdon &amp; Collins" authorityYear="1998" box="[132,258,1738,1762]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Liptena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kiellandi">
<emphasis id="B921D218FF827C72FF137889EB6AF1CF" box="[132,258,1738,1762]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="33">L. kiellandi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
than in the other two species, and forms a discoid spot around the middle of spaces 4 and 5; on the costal edge, the spot in space 7 is also larger.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEA0E0AFF827C72FF137902EE91F66F" blockId="3.[132,747,1855,1910]" lastBlockId="3.[841,1456,144,323]" pageId="3" pageNumber="33">
It was probably the existence of the discoid spot that prompted
<bibRefCitation id="EFC473FBFF827C72FE94791CE854F05B" author="Vande Weghe" box="[259,572,1886,1910]" firstAuthor="Vande Weghe" page="349" pageId="3" pageNumber="33" pagination="41 - 42" refId="ref2735" refString="Since the abdomens of several specimens from ABRI had been lost during transport, it has not been possible to compare the genitalia of the males of the Cameroon population to those of the more easterly populations. Paradoxically, the only female formally identified as such is from the Cameroon population, i. e. the Manki specimen (Figs 13 - 14 show its genitalia). Vande Weghe (2010, pl. 106) illustrates two of these specimens, one as male (Figs 41 - 42), the other as a female (Figs 43 - 44), but the latter is identical to the male from Minziro which was dissected for this work, and it is not certain whether it is female." type="journal article" year="2010">Vande Weghe (2010: 349)</bibRefCitation>
to compare
<taxonomicName id="4C557589FF827C72FCDE7ED3E9ABF785" authorityName="Congdon &amp; Collins" authorityYear="1998" box="[841,963,144,168]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Liptena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kiellandi">
<emphasis id="B921D218FF827C72FCDE7ED3E9ABF785" box="[841,963,144,168]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="33">L. kiellandi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to
<taxonomicName id="4C557589FF827C72FC6C7ED3EF19F785" authority="Grose-Smith, 1901" authorityName="Grose-Smith" authorityYear="1901" box="[1019,1393,144,168]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Liptena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praestans">
<emphasis id="B921D218FF827C72FC6C7ED3EEE2F785" box="[1019,1162,145,168]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="33">L. praestans</emphasis>
Grose-Smith, 1901
</taxonomicName>
and, looking at the underside of the hindwings only, the two species could indeed be confused, especially in the
<collectingRegion id="4991C0E8FF827C72FAEE7E8CEFC6F7CB" box="[1401,1454,206,230]" country="Democratic Republic of the Congo" name="Sud-Kivu" pageId="3" pageNumber="33">Kivu</collectingRegion>
area of the
<collectingCountry id="F3424E9AFF827C72FC297EAEE99FF629" box="[958,1015,236,260]" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="3" pageNumber="33">DRC</collectingCountry>
, where
<taxonomicName id="4C557589FF827C72FBDE7EAFEEA4F629" authorityName="Grose-Smith" authorityYear="1901" box="[1097,1228,237,260]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Liptena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praestans">
<emphasis id="B921D218FF827C72FBDE7EAFEEA4F629" box="[1097,1228,237,260]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="33">L. praestans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is not rare. However, both the upper side of
<taxonomicName id="4C557589FF827C72FBAD7F4EEED6F60E" authorityName="Grose-Smith" authorityYear="1901" box="[1082,1214,268,291]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Liptena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="praestans">
<emphasis id="B921D218FF827C72FBAD7F4EEED6F60E" box="[1082,1214,268,291]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="33">L. praestans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and male genitalia are very different from those of
<taxonomicName id="4C557589FF827C72FBEF7F69EE9AF66F" authorityName="Congdon &amp; Collins" authorityYear="1998" box="[1144,1266,298,322]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Liptena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kiellandi">
<emphasis id="B921D218FF827C72FBEF7F69EE9AF66F" box="[1144,1266,298,322]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="33">L. kiellandi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEA0E0AFF827C72FCDE7F23EFF0F57D" blockId="3.[841,1456,353,592]" pageId="3" pageNumber="33">
<location id="8E8A58D1FF827C72FCDE7F23E9E2F654" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FCBF1CFF827C75FF137F01EEB2F00A:8E8A58D1FF827C72FCDE7F23E9E2F654" box="[841,906,353,377]" country="Democratic Republic of the Congo" municipality="Furthermore" name="Given" pageId="3" pageNumber="33">Given</location>
the variability of specimens from different populations, especially for the extension of the orange part on the upper side of hindwings, the
<collectingCountry id="F3424E9AFF827C72FB6E7FDCEF58F69B" box="[1273,1328,414,438]" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="3" pageNumber="33">DRC</collectingCountry>
population cannot be considered as a distinct subspecies.
<collectingMunicipality id="6B8E9470FF827C72FCDE7F9EE9B9F6D9" box="[841,977,476,500]" pageId="3" pageNumber="33">Furthermore</collectingMunicipality>
, it is uncertain whether a female of the
<collectingCountry id="F3424E9AFF827C72FAEF7F9EEFC7F6D9" box="[1400,1455,476,500]" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="3" pageNumber="33">DRC</collectingCountry>
population has ever been captured, because dissection has shown that
<specimenCount id="9D53C583FF827C72FC587C5BEE17F51C" box="[975,1151,537,561]" count="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="33" type="generic">three specimens</specimenCount>
in the Ducarme collection identified as females from a photo were actually males.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEA0E0AFF827C72FCDE7C2DEFE6F497" blockId="3.[841,1456,623,954]" pageId="3" pageNumber="33">
<title id="F951E53CFF827C72FCDE7C2DEFC4F5CE" jopScore="0.13620314" pageId="3" pageNumber="33">Since the abdomens of several specimens from ABRI had been lost during transport, it has not been possible to compare the genitalia of the males of the Cameroon population to those of the more easterly populations</title>
.
<journalOrPublisher id="519404C6FF827C72FCDE7CA8EEC8F412" jopScore="0.092712104" pageId="3" pageNumber="33">Paradoxically, the only female formally identified as such is from the Cameroon population, i.e. the Manki specimen (Figs 13–14 show its genitalia).</journalOrPublisher>
<bibRefCitation id="EFC473FBFF827C72FB307D65EFE0F412" author="VANDE WEGHE, G. R." bookContentInfo="424 pp." box="[1191,1416,807,831]" journalOrPublisher="Wildlife Conservation Society, Libreville, Gabon" pageId="3" pageNumber="33" refId="ref3915" refString="VANDE WEGHE, G. R., 2010. Les papillons du Gabon. Wildlife Conservation Society, Libreville, Gabon. 424 pp. + 132 colour plates." title="Les papillons du Gabon" type="book" year="2010">
<author id="53E8E6EFFF827C72FB307D65EF57F412" box="[1191,1343,807,831]" case="TC" fn="Vande" fnc="TC" fns="N" ln="Weghe" lnc="TC" npo="FnLn" pageId="3" pageNumber="33">Vande Weghe</author>
(
<year id="FFFD4F59FF827C72FAD87D65EFE0F412" box="[1359,1416,807,831]" pageId="3" pageNumber="33">2010</year>
</bibRefCitation>
, pl.
<part id="FFF1A497FF827C72FCDE7D07E91AF470" box="[841,882,837,861]" pageId="3" pageNumber="33" type="volume">106</part>
) illustrates two of these specimens, one as male (Figs
<pagination id="B29CF0FEFF827C72FCDE7D26E9F8F451" box="[841,912,868,892]" pageId="3" pageNumber="33" type="pagination">41–42</pagination>
), the other as a female (Figs 43–44), but the latter is identical to the male from Minziro which was dissected for this work, and it is not certain whether it is female.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEA0E0AFF827C72FCDE7D9BEE0DF4DC" blockId="3.[841,1125,985,1009]" box="[841,1125,985,1009]" pageId="3" pageNumber="33">
Male genitalia (
<figureCitation id="136E128FFF827C72FC667D9BEE5CF4DC" box="[1009,1076,985,1009]" captionStart="Figs 8" captionStartId="4.[586,629,1376,1397]" captionTargetBox="[150,1445,154,1343]" captionTargetId="figure-429@4.[150,1445,154,1343]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figs 8 to 14 – Genitalia of Liptena kiellandi Male genitalia: 8 – left lateral view; 9 – dorsal view of uncus; 10 – dorsal view of the valves processes and the penis; 11 – saccus, ventral view; 12 – posterior view of the saccus and the valves processes. Female genitalia: 13 – ventral view of sternites 7 &amp; 8; 14 – three-quartered dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14199466" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14199466/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="33">Figs 8</figureCitation>
–12)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEA0E0AFF827C72FCDE7A52EED3F3EC" blockId="3.[841,1456,1040,1217]" pageId="3" pageNumber="33">
The figures show the genitalia of a male nominate
<taxonomicName id="4C557589FF827C72FCDE7A6DE9CEF36A" authorityName="Congdon &amp; Collins" authorityYear="1998" box="[841,934,1071,1095]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Liptena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kiellandi">
<emphasis id="B921D218FF827C72FCDE7A6DE9CEF36A" box="[841,934,1071,1095]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="33">kiellandi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from the type-locality. The genitalia of the population from Kasugho (NE
<collectingCountry id="F3424E9AFF827C72FB347A0FEEB3F348" box="[1187,1243,1101,1125]" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="3" pageNumber="33">DRC</collectingCountry>
) and of subspecies
<emphasis id="B921D218FF827C72FCDE7A2EE9A9F3A9" box="[841,961,1132,1156]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="33">kakamegae</emphasis>
(W
<collectingCountry id="F3424E9AFF827C72FC657A2EEE51F3A9" box="[1010,1081,1132,1156]" name="Kenya" pageId="3" pageNumber="33">Kenya</collectingCountry>
) are identical to those of nominate
<taxonomicName id="4C557589FF827C72FCDE7AC9E9CEF38E" authorityName="Congdon &amp; Collins" authorityYear="1998" box="[841,934,1163,1187]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Liptena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kiellandi">
<emphasis id="B921D218FF827C72FCDE7AC9E9CEF38E" box="[841,934,1163,1187]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="33">kiellandi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. All genitalia dissected were significantly larger than those of
<taxonomicName id="4C557589FF827C72FC4D7AE8EE40F3EC" authorityName="Bethune-Baker" authorityYear="1926" box="[986,1064,1193,1217]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Liptena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="eketi">
<emphasis id="B921D218FF827C72FC4D7AE8EE40F3EC" box="[986,1064,1193,1217]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="33">L. eketi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(about 25%).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEA0E0AFF827C72FCDE7AA3EF29F1AA" blockId="3.[841,1456,1249,1671]" pageId="3" pageNumber="33">
The saccus, as massive as in
<taxonomicName id="4C557589FF827C72FB247AA0EF62F3D4" authorityName="Bethune-Baker" authorityYear="1926" box="[1203,1290,1249,1273]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Liptena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="eketi">
<emphasis id="B921D218FF827C72FB247AA0EF62F3D4" box="[1203,1290,1249,1273]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="33">L. eketi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, confirms the proximity of the two species; at the distal end, the curled up part has two rounded lateral rounded processes (Figs 11–12), but there is no notch, and we cannot speak here of a guide for the penis (Fig. 12). At the distal end of the valves, the internal process is not very different from that of
<taxonomicName id="4C557589FF827C72FCFB7BDBE9A8F29D" authorityName="Bethune-Baker" authorityYear="1926" box="[876,960,1432,1456]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Liptena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="eketi">
<emphasis id="B921D218FF827C72FCFB7BDBE9A8F29D" box="[876,960,1432,1456]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="33">L. eketi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but the distal one is very reduced, almost vestigial (
<figureCitation id="136E128FFF827C72FC237BF5E99EF2E2" box="[948,1014,1463,1487]" captionStart="Figs 8" captionStartId="4.[586,629,1376,1397]" captionTargetBox="[150,1445,154,1343]" captionTargetId="figure-429@4.[150,1445,154,1343]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figs 8 to 14 – Genitalia of Liptena kiellandi Male genitalia: 8 – left lateral view; 9 – dorsal view of uncus; 10 – dorsal view of the valves processes and the penis; 11 – saccus, ventral view; 12 – posterior view of the saccus and the valves processes. Female genitalia: 13 – ventral view of sternites 7 &amp; 8; 14 – three-quartered dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14199466" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14199466/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="33">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
, 10 &amp; 12); on the other hand, the dorsal edge of the valves shows a short, pointed process, which is absent in
<taxonomicName id="4C557589FF827C72FC587BB4EE48F120" authorityName="Bethune-Baker" authorityYear="1926" box="[975,1056,1525,1549]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Liptena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="eketi">
<emphasis id="B921D218FF827C72FC587BB4EE48F120" box="[975,1056,1525,1549]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="33">L. eketi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="136E128FFF827C72FBA67BB7EE1CF120" box="[1073,1140,1525,1549]" captionStart="Figs 8" captionStartId="4.[586,629,1376,1397]" captionTargetBox="[150,1445,154,1343]" captionTargetId="figure-429@4.[150,1445,154,1343]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figs 8 to 14 – Genitalia of Liptena kiellandi Male genitalia: 8 – left lateral view; 9 – dorsal view of uncus; 10 – dorsal view of the valves processes and the penis; 11 – saccus, ventral view; 12 – posterior view of the saccus and the valves processes. Female genitalia: 13 – ventral view of sternites 7 &amp; 8; 14 – three-quartered dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14199466" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14199466/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="33">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
). The uncus is slightly more indented than in
<taxonomicName id="4C557589FF827C72FC6C7856EE22F106" authorityName="Bethune-Baker" authorityYear="1926" box="[1019,1098,1555,1579]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Liptena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="eketi">
<emphasis id="B921D218FF827C72FC6C7856EE22F106" box="[1019,1098,1555,1579]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="33">L. eketi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Fig. 9), and the distal part of the subunci is shorter (
<figureCitation id="136E128FFF827C72FB827870EE3EF167" box="[1045,1110,1586,1610]" captionStart="Figs 8" captionStartId="4.[586,629,1376,1397]" captionTargetBox="[150,1445,154,1343]" captionTargetId="figure-429@4.[150,1445,154,1343]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figs 8 to 14 – Genitalia of Liptena kiellandi Male genitalia: 8 – left lateral view; 9 – dorsal view of uncus; 10 – dorsal view of the valves processes and the penis; 11 – saccus, ventral view; 12 – posterior view of the saccus and the valves processes. Female genitalia: 13 – ventral view of sternites 7 &amp; 8; 14 – three-quartered dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14199466" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14199466/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="33">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
). The penis, appreciably longer, is hardly curved (
<figureCitation id="136E128FFF827C72FB9B7812EE27F145" box="[1036,1103,1616,1640]" captionStart="Figs 8" captionStartId="4.[586,629,1376,1397]" captionTargetBox="[150,1445,154,1343]" captionTargetId="figure-429@4.[150,1445,154,1343]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figs 8 to 14 – Genitalia of Liptena kiellandi Male genitalia: 8 – left lateral view; 9 – dorsal view of uncus; 10 – dorsal view of the valves processes and the penis; 11 – saccus, ventral view; 12 – posterior view of the saccus and the valves processes. Female genitalia: 13 – ventral view of sternites 7 &amp; 8; 14 – three-quartered dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14199466" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14199466/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="33">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
); it is not really twisted, but its distal end is turned slightly to the left (Fig. 10).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEA0E0AFF827C72FCDE78E5EEE2F192" blockId="3.[841,1162,1703,1727]" box="[841,1162,1703,1727]" pageId="3" pageNumber="33">Female genitalia (Figs 13–14)</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEA0E0AFF827C72FCDE789CEE02F039" blockId="3.[841,1455,1758,1812]" pageId="3" pageNumber="33">
As mentioned above, only the female from Manki (
<collectingCountry id="F3424E9AFF827C72FCC678BEE9ABF039" box="[849,963,1788,1812]" name="Cameroon" pageId="3" pageNumber="33">Cameroon</collectingCountry>
) was dissected.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEA0E0AFF827C75FCDE7976EB97F134" blockId="3.[841,1455,1844,1898]" lastBlockId="4.[132,746,1507,1561]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="34" pageId="3" pageNumber="33">The ostium bursae is located between sternites 6 and 7 (Fig. 13); the strongly sclerotized sternite 7 is constituted by the three plates that form the sinus aginalis, a ventral plate and two lateral ones (Fig. 13).</paragraph>
<footnote id="E84E1204FF827C72FF1379AAEEE1FF3E" pageId="3" pageNumber="33">
<paragraph id="8BEA0E0AFF827C72FF1379AAEEE1FF3E" blockId="3.[132,723,2024,2075]" lastBlockId="3.[841,1397,2023,2067]" pageId="3" pageNumber="33">
<emphasis id="B921D218FF827C72FF1379AAEAE5F0D8" bold="true" box="[132,141,2024,2037]" pageId="3" pageNumber="33">
<superScript id="7C20A342FF827C72FF1379AAEAE5F0D8" attach="left" box="[132,141,2024,2037]" fontSize="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="33">1</superScript>
</emphasis>
– They are mentioned in Congdon &amp; Collins, 1998, p. 68 as
<emphasis id="B921D218FF827C72FD0F79ACE8C2FF2D" box="[664,682,2030,2048]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="33">L.</emphasis>
sp., and p. 119 as
<taxonomicName id="4C557589FF827C72FF6C764AEBF3FF36" box="[251,411,2055,2075]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Liptena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pseudofulvicans">
<emphasis id="B921D218FF827C72FF6C764AEBF3FF36" box="[251,411,2055,2075]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="33">L. pseudofulvicans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(unpublished manuscript name); the specimen from Bugoma, which was caught in
<date id="FFEB28CAFF827C72FB4279A5EF37F0D6" box="[1237,1375,2023,2043]" pageId="3" pageNumber="33" value="1939-12">December 1939</date>
, is probably the oldest specimen known.
</paragraph>
</footnote>
<caption id="DF2A5E82FF857C75FDDD7B22EB82F2E5" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14199466" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14199466" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14199466/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="34" startId="4.[586,629,1376,1397]" targetBox="[150,1445,154,1343]" targetPageId="4" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BEA0E0AFF857C75FDDD7B22E99AF25B" blockId="4.[172,1419,1376,1480]" box="[586,1010,1376,1398]" pageId="4" pageNumber="34">
<emphasis id="B921D218FF857C75FDDD7B22E8D7F258" bold="true" box="[586,703,1376,1397]" pageId="4" pageNumber="34">Figs 8 to 14</emphasis>
– Genitalia of
<taxonomicName id="4C557589FF857C75FCD87B22E99AF25B" authorityName="Congdon &amp; Collins" authorityYear="1998" box="[847,1010,1376,1398]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Liptena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kiellandi">
<emphasis id="B921D218FF857C75FCD87B22E99AF25B" box="[847,1010,1376,1398]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="34">Liptena kiellandi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEA0E0AFF857C75FF3B7B39EB82F2E5" blockId="4.[172,1419,1376,1480]" pageId="4" pageNumber="34">Male genitalia: 8 – left lateral view; 9 – dorsal view of uncus; 10 – dorsal view of the valves processes and the penis; 11 – saccus, ventral view; 12 – posterior view of the saccus and the valves processes. Female genitalia: 13 – ventral view of sternites 7 &amp; 8; 14 – three-quartered dorsal view.</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BEA0E0AFF857C75FF13787AE812F00A" blockId="4.[132,746,1592,1831]" pageId="4" pageNumber="34">The three plates seem to be merged, but the lateral plates are slightly separated from the edges of the ventral one, with which they laterally form an angle of about 40°. The sclerotization of sternite 8 is extremely reduced (Fig. 13). The ductus bursae is very short, but the bursae copulatrix is a rather voluminous ball; folded above the lateral plates, it considerably hinders their observation [this is why it is illustrated on a three-quartered view (Fig. 14)].</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEA0E0AFF857C75FF137905EB1DF072" blockId="4.[132,373,1863,1887]" box="[132,373,1863,1887]" pageId="4" pageNumber="34">DNA barcode analysis</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEA0E0AFF857C75FF13793CEE1DF1B9" blockId="4.[132,746,1918,2064]" lastBlockId="4.[841,1456,1507,1684]" pageId="4" pageNumber="34">
Almost all of the material examined for this work is too old for barcode sequencing to have been attempted, and the only sequence obtained was extracted from a male of
<taxonomicName id="4C557589FF857C75FF137999EB6EF0DF" authorityName="Congdon &amp; Collins" authorityYear="1998" box="[132,262,2010,2034]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Liptena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kiellandi">
<emphasis id="B921D218FF857C75FF137999EB6EF0DF" box="[132,262,2010,2034]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="34">L. kiellandi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from
<collectingRegion id="4991C0E8FF857C75FECE7998EBE6F0DF" box="[345,398,2010,2034]" country="Democratic Republic of the Congo" name="Sud-Kivu" pageId="4" pageNumber="34">Kivu</collectingRegion>
(Maliva, in the north of the Mitumba Mountains). Although a single sequence is of little interest, Maximum Parsimony and Maximum Likelihood trees constructed with a hundred sequences belonging to numerous
<taxonomicName id="4C557589FF857C75FBCF7863EF6BF115" box="[1112,1283,1568,1592]" pageId="4" pageNumber="34">
<emphasis id="B921D218FF857C75FBCF7863EEC1F115" box="[1112,1193,1569,1592]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="34">Liptena</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
show that this sequence constitutes the sister-group of [
<taxonomicName id="4C557589FF857C75FA927802E917F158" authority="Libert, 2018" authorityName="Libert" authorityYear="2018" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Liptena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fallax">
<emphasis id="B921D218FF857C75FA927802EF08F17A" box="[1285,1376,1599,1623]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="34">L. fallax</emphasis>
Libert, 2018
</taxonomicName>
(x2)
<emphasis id="B921D218FF857C75FC5E781CE9B3F158" box="[969,987,1630,1653]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="34">+</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C557589FF857C75FC7D781CEF63F158" authority=", Druce, 1905" authorityName=", Druce" authorityYear="1905" box="[1002,1291,1629,1653]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Liptena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="eukrines">
<emphasis id="B921D218FF857C75FC7D781CEE01F158" box="[1002,1129,1629,1653]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="34">L. eukrines</emphasis>
, Druce, 1905
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B921D218FF857C75FA8E781CEF43F158" box="[1305,1323,1630,1653]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="34">+</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C557589FF857C75FAAD781CEE5BF1B9" authority="Libert, 2018" authorityName="Libert" authorityYear="2018" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Liptena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="lualaba" subSpecies="diminuta">
<emphasis id="B921D218FF857C75FAAD781CE9C0F1B9" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="34">L. lualaba diminuta</emphasis>
Libert, 2018
</taxonomicName>
(x4)].
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEA0E0AFF857C75FCDE78F1EEB2F00A" blockId="4.[841,1455,1715,1831]" pageId="4" pageNumber="34">
With a bootstrap index of only 49, this result is not robust, and it is only given as an indication (the massive saccus of
<taxonomicName id="4C557589FF857C75FCDE78B3E9ABF025" authorityName="Congdon &amp; Collins" authorityYear="1998" box="[841,963,1776,1800]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Liptena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kiellandi">
<emphasis id="B921D218FF857C75FCDE78B3E9ABF025" box="[841,963,1776,1800]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="34">L. kiellandi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C557589FF857C75FC6E78B3EE20F025" authorityName="Bethune-Baker" authorityYear="1926" box="[1017,1096,1776,1800]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Liptena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="eketi">
<emphasis id="B921D218FF857C75FC6E78B3EE20F025" box="[1017,1096,1776,1800]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="34">L. eketi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is found in
<taxonomicName id="4C557589FF857C75FB5D78B3EF28F025" authorityName=", Druce" authorityYear="1905" box="[1226,1344,1776,1800]" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Liptena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="eukrines">
<emphasis id="B921D218FF857C75FB5D78B3EF28F025" box="[1226,1344,1776,1800]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="34">L. eukrines</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
males but not in those of the two other species).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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