292 lines
39 KiB
XML
292 lines
39 KiB
XML
<document id="BC7E28CD2636DEBBF2A2D42A5FB8BE0E" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3055.1.3" ID-GBIF-Dataset="c9bf75c7-70e5-4d32-b25d-77b45ed25187" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="278914" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="tatiana" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="tatiana" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="tatiana" IM.treatments_approvedBy="tatiana" checkinTime="1460398265123" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Ríos, Sergio D. & González, Jorge M." docDate="2011" docId="03C4E64DFFBED92BFF366A09FD3FFAA0" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03055p061.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3055" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Paysandisia archon Burmeister 1880" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="55" masterDocId="FFFD9E35FFB2D927FFA16B45FFF5FFED" masterDocTitle="A synopsis of the Castniidae (Lepidoptera) of Paraguay" masterLastPageNumber="61" masterPageNumber="43" pageNumber="55" updateTime="1707815058832" updateUser="tatiana">
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<mods:titleInfo id="A8458894A4A2781FF3041D21161240E5">
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<mods:title id="A8D7B8B066FDF58CDBFA55AB6DAF1EE3">A synopsis of the Castniidae (Lepidoptera) of Paraguay</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="27E7E3847389159D4D7C9E6ED1E07E86">Ríos, Sergio D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="CCDCF05865740F1A5D172449AE168271">González, Jorge M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="A5243096D478D050CAC51846F3E41DF7">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="08CCEC806258753017173246AB117B86">
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<mods:date id="BB0F9341235C4B0BDB9CAC4716C09F16">2011</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="2C975B994B270DE9E28E41D41A9340E9">2011-10-11</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="C5691D0738854182014643E87B9FA725" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="FBDDD21BE1750263B44F89A7A57FD718">3055</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03C4E64DFFBED92BFF366A09FD3FFAA0" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6188130" ID-GBIF-Taxon="123207100" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6188130" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C4E64DFFBED92BFF366A09FD3FFAA0" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C4E64DFFBED92BFF366A09FD3FFAA0" lastPageNumber="55" pageId="12" pageNumber="55">
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<subSubSection id="C37704D0FFBED92BFF366A09FD81FE88" box="[151,628,331,358]" pageId="12" pageNumber="55" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BD2575BFFBED92BFF366A09FD81FE88" blockId="12.[151,628,331,390]" box="[151,628,331,358]" pageId="12" pageNumber="55">
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<heading id="D09AE037FFBED92BFF366A09FD81FE88" bold="true" box="[151,628,331,358]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="55" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C6D2CD8FFBED92BFF366A09FD81FE88" ID-CoL="6TW2L" authority="Burmeister, 1880" authorityName="Burmeister" authorityYear="1880" box="[151,628,331,358]" class="Insecta" family="Castniidae" genus="Paysandisia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="archon">
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<emphasis id="B9198B49FFBED92BFF366A09FD81FE88" bold="true" box="[151,628,331,358]" pageId="12" pageNumber="55">
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<emphasis id="B9198B49FFBED92BFF366A09FE70FE8B" bold="true" box="[151,389,332,358]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="55">Paysandisia archon</emphasis>
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(Burmeister, 1880)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37704D0FFBED92BFF366A2BFF0CFE6B" box="[151,249,366,390]" pageId="12" pageNumber="55" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BD2575BFFBED92BFF366A2BFF0CFE6B" blockId="12.[151,628,331,390]" box="[151,249,366,390]" pageId="12" pageNumber="55">
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(
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<figureCitation id="13564BDEFFBED92BFF3E6A2BFF05FE6B" box="[159,240,366,390]" captionStart="FIGURES 10 – 16" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1843,1866]" captionTargetBox="[180,1420,265,1768]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,193,1822]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 10 – 16. Adults of Castniidae. 10. Ceretes marcelserres (Godart), 3, Misiones, Argentina (CFP); 11, Ceretes marcelserres (Godart), Ƥ, Misiones, Argentina (CFP); 12. Prometheus cochrus (Fabricius), 3, Brazil (FMNH); 13. Gazera heliconioides micha (Druce), 3, Sapucay, Paraguay (MNHNPY); 14. Frostetola gramivora (Schaus), 3, Alto Paraná, Paraguay (DZUP); 15. Paysandisia archon (Burmeister), 3, Spain (RVC); 16. Yagra fonscolombe (Godart), 3, Brazil (FMNH)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/278917/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="55">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37704D0FFBED92BFF366AF2FE1DFE21" box="[151,488,438,461]" pageId="12" pageNumber="55" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BD2575BFFBED92BFF366AF2FE1DFE21" blockId="12.[151,488,438,461]" box="[151,488,438,461]" pageId="12" pageNumber="55">
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<taxonomicName id="4C6D2CD8FFBED92BFF366AF2FE1DFE21" authority="Burmeister, 1880" authorityName="Burmeister" authorityYear="1880" box="[151,488,438,461]" class="Insecta" family="Castniidae" genus="Castnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="archon">
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<emphasis id="B9198B49FFBED92BFF366AF2FEC6FE20" box="[151,307,439,461]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="55">Castnia archon</emphasis>
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Burmeister, 1880
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37704D0FFBED92BFF366ABDFA6CFCE0" pageId="12" pageNumber="55" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8BD2575BFFBED92BFF366ABDFA6CFCE0" blockId="12.[151,1436,504,1357]" pageId="12" pageNumber="55">
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<emphasis id="B9198B49FFBED92BFF366ABDFE88FDFC" bold="true" box="[151,381,504,529]" pageId="12" pageNumber="55">Taxonomic history.</emphasis>
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Originally described in 1880 from
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<collectingCountry id="F37A17CBFFBED92BFCB46ABCFC71FDFC" box="[789,900,505,529]" name="Argentina" pageId="12" pageNumber="55">Argentina</collectingCountry>
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in the genus
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<taxonomicName id="4C6D2CD8FFBED92BFB806ABFFB8DFDFC" box="[1057,1144,506,529]" class="Insecta" family="Castniidae" genus="Castnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B9198B49FFBED92BFB806ABFFB8DFDFC" box="[1057,1144,506,529]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="55">Castnia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, it was later described as
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<taxonomicName id="4C6D2CD8FFBED92BFF36695BFEB9FDD8" box="[151,332,541,565]" class="Insecta" family="Castniidae" genus="Castnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="josepha">
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<emphasis id="B9198B49FFBED92BFF36695BFEB9FDD8" box="[151,332,541,565]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="55">Castnia josepha</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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by
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<bibRefCitation id="EFFC2AAAFFBED92BFED66958FDC4FDD8" author="Oberthur, C." box="[375,561,541,565]" firstAuthor="Oberthur" journalOrPublisher="Etudes de Lepidopterologie comparee" pageId="12" pageNumber="55" pagination="63 - 64" part="2" refId="ref13331" refString="Oberthur, C. (1914) Nouvelle espece de Castnia de l'Uruguay. Etudes de Lepidopterologie comparee 9 (2), 63 - 64." title="Nouvelle espece de Castnia de l'Uruguay" type="journal article" year="1914">Oberthür (1914)</bibRefCitation>
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.
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<bibRefCitation id="EFFC2AAAFFBED92BFD9C6958FD07FDD8" author="Houlbert, C." box="[573,754,541,565]" firstAuthor="Houlbert" journalOrPublisher="Etudes de Lepidopterologie Comparee" pageId="12" pageNumber="55" pagination="1 - 730" part="15" refId="ref12497" refString="Houlbert, C. (1918) Revision monographique de la sous-famille des Castniinae. Etudes de Lepidopterologie Comparee, 15, 1 - 730." title="Revision monographique de la sous-famille des Castniinae" type="journal article" year="1918">Houlbert (1918)</bibRefCitation>
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had not seen the
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<taxonomicName id="4C6D2CD8FFBED92BFC196958FBF3FDD8" box="[952,1030,541,565]" class="Insecta" family="Castniidae" genus="Castnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="archon">
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<emphasis id="B9198B49FFBED92BFC196958FBF3FDD8" box="[952,1030,541,565]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="55">archon</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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specimens described by Burmeister and placed the species in the now invalid genus
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<taxonomicName id="4C6D2CD8FFBED92BFD116904FD0FFDB4" box="[688,762,577,601]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Orthia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B9198B49FFBED92BFD116904FD0FFDB4" box="[688,762,577,601]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="55">Orthia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. He also placed
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<taxonomicName id="4C6D2CD8FFBED92BFC156904FBFEFDB4" box="[948,1035,577,601]" class="Insecta" family="Castniidae" genus="Castnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="josepha">
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<emphasis id="B9198B49FFBED92BFC156904FBFEFDB4" box="[948,1035,577,601]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="55">josepha</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in the genus
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<taxonomicName id="4C6D2CD8FFBED92BFB3E6904FADDFDB4" box="[1183,1320,577,601]" class="Insecta" family="Castniidae" genus="Paysandisia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B9198B49FFBED92BFB3E6904FADDFDB4" box="[1183,1320,577,601]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="55">Paysandisia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFFC2AAAFFBED92BFA976904FF27FD90" author="Houlbert, C." firstAuthor="Houlbert" journalOrPublisher="Etudes de Lepidopterologie Comparee" pageId="12" pageNumber="55" pagination="1 - 730" part="15" refId="ref12497" refString="Houlbert, C. (1918) Revision monographique de la sous-famille des Castniinae. Etudes de Lepidopterologie Comparee, 15, 1 - 730." title="Revision monographique de la sous-famille des Castniinae" type="journal article" year="1918">Houlbert 1918</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFFC2AAAFFBED92BFF456920FE9CFD90" author="Sarto, V." box="[228,361,613,637]" firstAuthor="Sarto" journalOrPublisher="Nota lepidopterologica" pageId="12" pageNumber="55" pagination="3 - 15" part="25" refId="ref13507" refString="Sarto, V. (2002) The discovery, description and taxonomy of Paysandisia archon (Burmeister, 1880), a castniid species recently found in southwestern Europe (Castniidae). Nota lepidopterologica, 25 (1), 3 - 15." title="The discovery, description and taxonomy of Paysandisia archon (Burmeister, 1880), a castniid species recently found in southwestern Europe (Castniidae)" type="journal article" year="2002">Sarto 2002</bibRefCitation>
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). The first images of the species were published by
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<bibRefCitation id="EFFC2AAAFFBED92BFC4B6923FB41FD90" author="Jorgensen, P." box="[1002,1204,613,638]" firstAuthor="Jorgensen" journalOrPublisher="Revista de la Sociedad Entomologica Argentina" pageId="12" pageNumber="55" pagination="175 - 180" part="3" refId="ref12562" refString="Jorgensen, P. (1930) Los Castniidae de la Argentina y Paraguay. Revista de la Sociedad Entomologica Argentina, 3 (14), 175 - 180." title="Los Castniidae de la Argentina y Paraguay" type="journal article" year="1930">Jörgensen (1930)</bibRefCitation>
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. Some authors like
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<bibRefCitation id="EFFC2AAAFFBED92BFF3669CCFEB8FD4C" author="Bourquin, F." box="[151,333,649,673]" firstAuthor="Bourquin" journalOrPublisher="Revista de la Sociedad entomologica argentina" pageId="12" pageNumber="55" pagination="173 - 174" part="14" refId="ref11456" refString="Bourquin, F. (1930) Algunas observaciones sobre Castniidae. Revista de la Sociedad entomologica argentina 3 (14), 173 - 174." title="Algunas observaciones sobre Castniidae" type="journal article" year="1930">Bourquin (1930</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFFC2AAAFFBED92BFEFB69CCFE66FD4C" author="Bourquin, F." box="[346,403,649,673]" firstAuthor="Bourquin" journalOrPublisher="Revista de la Sociedad entomologica argentina" pageId="12" pageNumber="55" pagination="295 - 298" part="24" refId="ref11483" refString="Bourquin, F. (1933) Notas biologicas de la Castnia archon Burm. Revista de la Sociedad entomologica argentina 5 (24), 295 - 298." title="Notas biologicas de la Castnia archon Burm" type="journal article" year="1933">1933</bibRefCitation>
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) and
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<bibRefCitation id="EFFC2AAAFFBED92BFE7469CFFD81FD4C" author="Breyer, A." box="[469,628,649,674]" firstAuthor="Breyer" journalOrPublisher="R evista de la Sociedad entomologica argentina" pageId="12" pageNumber="55" pagination="233 - 238" part="2" refId="ref11547" refString="Breyer, A. (1931) Los Castniidae argentinos. R evista de la Sociedad entomologica argentina 2 (4 / 5), 233 - 238." title="Los Castniidae argentinos" type="journal article" year="1931">Breyer (1931)</bibRefCitation>
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noticed that
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<taxonomicName id="4C6D2CD8FFBED92BFCAB69CCFCADFD4C" box="[778,856,649,673]" class="Insecta" family="Castniidae" genus="Castnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="archon">
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<emphasis id="B9198B49FFBED92BFCAB69CCFCADFD4C" box="[778,856,649,673]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="55">archon</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C6D2CD8FFBED92BFC3369CCFC1CFD4C" box="[914,1001,649,673]" class="Insecta" family="Castniidae" genus="Castnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="josepha">
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<emphasis id="B9198B49FFBED92BFC3369CCFC1CFD4C" box="[914,1001,649,673]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="55">josepha</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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were actually the same species (
|
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<bibRefCitation id="EFFC2AAAFFBED92BFAFE69CCFF21FD28" author="Sarto, V." firstAuthor="Sarto" journalOrPublisher="Nota lepidopterologica" pageId="12" pageNumber="55" pagination="3 - 15" part="25" refId="ref13507" refString="Sarto, V. (2002) The discovery, description and taxonomy of Paysandisia archon (Burmeister, 1880), a castniid species recently found in southwestern Europe (Castniidae). Nota lepidopterologica, 25 (1), 3 - 15." title="The discovery, description and taxonomy of Paysandisia archon (Burmeister, 1880), a castniid species recently found in southwestern Europe (Castniidae)" type="journal article" year="2002">Sarto 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
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<bibRefCitation id="EFFC2AAAFFBED92BFF4969E8FE74FD28" author="Miller, J. Y." box="[232,385,685,709]" editor="Heppner, J. B." firstAuthor="Miller" journalOrPublisher="Association for Tropical Lepidoptera / Scientific Publications, Gainesville, USA" pageId="12" pageNumber="55" pagination="176 - 177" refId="ref13133" refString="Miller, J. Y. (1995) Castniidae. In: Heppner, J. B. (ed.). Checklist: Part 2. Hyblaeoidea - Pyraloidea - Tortricoidea. Atlas of Neotropical Lepidoptera. Association for Tropical Lepidoptera / Scientific Publications, Gainesville, USA, pp. 133 - 137, 176 - 177." title="Castniidae" type="book chapter" volumeTitle="Checklist: Part 2. Hyblaeoidea - Pyraloidea - Tortricoidea. Atlas of Neotropical Lepidoptera" year="1995">Miller (1995)</bibRefCitation>
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treated the populations of
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||
<collectingCountry id="F37A17CBFFBED92BFD1769E8FCD3FD28" box="[694,806,685,709]" name="Argentina" pageId="12" pageNumber="55">Argentina</collectingCountry>
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||
and
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<collectingCountry id="F37A17CBFFBED92BFCFE69EBFC34FD2B" box="[863,961,686,710]" name="Uruguay" pageId="12" pageNumber="55">Uruguay</collectingCountry>
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as separate subspecies, as
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<taxonomicName id="4C6D2CD8FFBED92BFB5769E8FA6EFD28" box="[1270,1435,685,709]" class="Insecta" family="Castniidae" genus="Castnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="archon">
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<emphasis id="B9198B49FFBED92BFB5769E8FA6EFD28" box="[1270,1435,685,709]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="55">archon archon</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
and
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<emphasis id="B9198B49FFBED92BFF666994FE86FD04" box="[199,371,721,745]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="55">
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<taxonomicName id="4C6D2CD8FFBED92BFF666994FEE0FD04" box="[199,277,721,745]" class="Insecta" family="Castniidae" genus="Castnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="archon">archon</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicName id="4C6D2CD8FFBED92BFEBD6994FE86FD04" box="[284,371,721,745]" class="Insecta" family="Castniidae" genus="Castnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="josepha">josepha</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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respectively. But
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFC2AAAFFBED92BFDE16997FD28FD04" author="Lamas, G." box="[576,733,721,745]" firstAuthor="Lamas" journalOrPublisher="Revista Peruana de Entomologia" pageId="12" pageNumber="55" pagination="73 - 87" part="37" refId="ref12831" refString="Lamas, G. (1995) A critical review of J. Y. Miller's Checklist of the Neotropical Castniidae (Lepidoptera). Revista Peruana de Entomologia, 37, 73 - 87." title="A critical review of J. Y. Miller's Checklist of the Neotropical Castniidae (Lepidoptera)" type="journal article" year="1995">Lamas (1995)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
did not see any purpose in keeping them as two different taxa and considered
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6D2CD8FFBED92BFEE769B0FE68FCE0" box="[326,413,757,781]" class="Insecta" family="Castniidae" genus="Castnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="josepha">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9198B49FFBED92BFEE769B0FE68FCE0" box="[326,413,757,781]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="55">josepha</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
just a synonym. A detailed account of these historic remarks can be found in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFC2AAAFFBED92BFAA569B0FA61FCE0" author="Sarto, V." box="[1284,1428,757,781]" firstAuthor="Sarto" journalOrPublisher="Nota lepidopterologica" pageId="12" pageNumber="55" pagination="3 - 15" part="25" refId="ref13507" refString="Sarto, V. (2002) The discovery, description and taxonomy of Paysandisia archon (Burmeister, 1880), a castniid species recently found in southwestern Europe (Castniidae). Nota lepidopterologica, 25 (1), 3 - 15." title="The discovery, description and taxonomy of Paysandisia archon (Burmeister, 1880), a castniid species recently found in southwestern Europe (Castniidae)" type="journal article" year="2002">Sarto (2002)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37704D0FFBED92BFF66685CFE3EFB98" pageId="12" pageNumber="55" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD2575BFFBED92BFF66685CFE3EFB98" blockId="12.[151,1436,504,1357]" pageId="12" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9198B49FFBED92BFF66685CFE95FCDF" bold="true" box="[199,352,793,818]" pageId="12" pageNumber="55">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
The species appears to be restricted to South East
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37A17CBFFBED92BFC3B685CFC14FCDC" box="[922,993,793,817]" name="Brazil" pageId="12" pageNumber="55">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Northern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37A17CBFFBED92BFBFB685CFB39FCDC" box="[1114,1228,793,817]" name="Argentina" pageId="12" pageNumber="55">Argentina</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Western
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37A17CBFFBED92BFA9B685FFA69FCDF" box="[1338,1436,794,818]" name="Uruguay" pageId="12" pageNumber="55">Uruguay</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37A17CBFFBED92BFF67687BFEDBFCBB" box="[198,302,830,854]" name="Paraguay" pageId="12" pageNumber="55">Paraguay</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFC2AAAFFBED92BFE9C6878FE32FCB8" author="Miller, J. Y." bookContentInfo="571 pp." box="[317,455,829,853]" firstAuthor="Miller" journalOrPublisher="Ph. D. Thesis. University of Florida, Gainesville, USA" pageId="12" pageNumber="55" refId="ref13088" refString="Miller, J. Y. (1986) The taxonomuy, phylogeny, and zoogeography of the Neotropical Castniinae (Lepidoptera: Castnioidea: Castniidae). Ph. D. Thesis. University of Florida, Gainesville, USA. 571 pp." title="The taxonomuy, phylogeny, and zoogeography of the Neotropical Castniinae (Lepidoptera: Castnioidea: Castniidae)" type="book" year="1986">Miller 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFC2AAAFFBED92BFE726878FD7DFCB8" author="Montagud, S." box="[467,648,829,853]" firstAuthor="Montagud" journalOrPublisher="Boletin de la Sociedad Entomologica Aragonesa" pageId="12" pageNumber="55" pagination="237 - 246" part="34" refId="ref13195" refString="Montagud, S. (2004) Paysandisia archon (Burmeister, 1880) (Lepidoptera, Castniidae), nuevas localizaciones en la Peninsula Iberica y su gestion. Boletin de la Sociedad Entomologica Aragonesa, (34), 237 - 246." title="Paysandisia archon (Burmeister, 1880) (Lepidoptera, Castniidae), nuevas localizaciones en la Peninsula Iberica y su gestion" type="journal article" year="2004">Montagud 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFC2AAAFFBED92BFD326878FCE4FCB8" author="Sarto, V." box="[659,785,829,853]" firstAuthor="Sarto" journalOrPublisher="Nota lepidopterologica" pageId="12" pageNumber="55" pagination="3 - 15" part="25" refId="ref13507" refString="Sarto, V. (2002) The discovery, description and taxonomy of Paysandisia archon (Burmeister, 1880), a castniid species recently found in southwestern Europe (Castniidae). Nota lepidopterologica, 25 (1), 3 - 15." title="The discovery, description and taxonomy of Paysandisia archon (Burmeister, 1880), a castniid species recently found in southwestern Europe (Castniidae)" type="journal article" year="2002">Sarto 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFC2AAAFFBED92BFCBD6878FBA6FCB8" author="Gonzalez, J. M." box="[796,1107,829,853]" journalOrPublisher="Caribbean Journal of Science" pageId="12" pageNumber="55" pagination="408 - 413" part="40" refId="ref12084" refString="Gonzalez, J. M. (2004) Castniinae (Lepidoptera: Castniidae) from Venezuela. VI. The genus Athis. Diagnosis and comments. Caribbean Journal of Science, 40 (3), 408 - 413." title="Castniinae (Lepidoptera: Castniidae) from Venezuela. VI. The genus Athis. Diagnosis and comments" type="journal article" year="2004">González & Stünning 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The species was introduced from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37A17CBFFBED92BFF756824FEB6FC94" box="[212,323,865,889]" name="Argentina" pageId="12" pageNumber="55">Argentina</collectingCountry>
|
||
to Europe apparently between
|
||
<date id="FFD3719BFFBED92BFD3C6824FCB7FC94" box="[669,834,865,889]" pageId="12" pageNumber="55" value="1985" valueMax="1995">1985 and 1995</date>
|
||
and became well established as a pest of several palm species (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFC2AAAFFBED92BFF5668C0FE27FC70" author="Aguilar, L. & Miller, J. Y. & Sarto, V." box="[247,466,901,925]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Aguilar" journalOrPublisher="SHILAP Revista de Lepidopterologia" pageId="12" pageNumber="55" pagination="86 - 87" part="29" refId="ref11239" refString="Aguilar, L., Miller, J. Y. & Sarto, V. (2001) A new lepidopteran family for the European fauna. SHILAP Revista de Lepidopterologia, 29 (113), 86 - 87." title="A new lepidopteran family for the European fauna" type="journal article" year="2001">
|
||
Aguilar
|
||
<emphasis id="B9198B49FFBED92BFEF768C3FE7AFC70" box="[342,399,901,925]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="55">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2001
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFC2AAAFFBED92BFE7F68C0FCE3FC70" author="Gonzalez, J. M." box="[478,790,901,925]" journalOrPublisher="Caribbean Journal of Science" pageId="12" pageNumber="55" pagination="408 - 413" part="40" refId="ref12084" refString="Gonzalez, J. M. (2004) Castniinae (Lepidoptera: Castniidae) from Venezuela. VI. The genus Athis. Diagnosis and comments. Caribbean Journal of Science, 40 (3), 408 - 413." title="Castniinae (Lepidoptera: Castniidae) from Venezuela. VI. The genus Athis. Diagnosis and comments" type="journal article" year="2004">González & Stünning 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFC2AAAFFBED92BFC8068C0FC6AFC70" author="Sarto, V." box="[801,927,901,925]" firstAuthor="Sarto" journalOrPublisher="Nota lepidopterologica" pageId="12" pageNumber="55" pagination="3 - 15" part="25" refId="ref13507" refString="Sarto, V. (2002) The discovery, description and taxonomy of Paysandisia archon (Burmeister, 1880), a castniid species recently found in southwestern Europe (Castniidae). Nota lepidopterologica, 25 (1), 3 - 15." title="The discovery, description and taxonomy of Paysandisia archon (Burmeister, 1880), a castniid species recently found in southwestern Europe (Castniidae)" type="journal article" year="2002">Sarto 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFC2AAAFFBED92BFC0A68C0FC12FC70" author="Sarto, V." box="[939,999,901,925]" firstAuthor="Sarto" journalOrPublisher="Atropos" pageId="12" pageNumber="55" pagination="61 - 62" part="20" refId="ref13553" refString="Sarto, V. (2003) Notes on Paysandisia archon. Atropos, 20, 61 - 62." title="Notes on Paysandisia archon" type="journal article" year="2003">2003</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFC2AAAFFBED92BFC5268C0FB5FFC70" author="Montagud, S." box="[1011,1194,901,925]" firstAuthor="Montagud" journalOrPublisher="Boletin de la Sociedad Entomologica Aragonesa" pageId="12" pageNumber="55" pagination="237 - 246" part="34" refId="ref13195" refString="Montagud, S. (2004) Paysandisia archon (Burmeister, 1880) (Lepidoptera, Castniidae), nuevas localizaciones en la Peninsula Iberica y su gestion. Boletin de la Sociedad Entomologica Aragonesa, (34), 237 - 246." title="Paysandisia archon (Burmeister, 1880) (Lepidoptera, Castniidae), nuevas localizaciones en la Peninsula Iberica y su gestion" type="journal article" year="2004">Montagud 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The presence of the species in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37A17CBFFBED92BFEAF68EFFE83FC2F" box="[270,374,938,962]" name="Paraguay" pageId="12" pageNumber="55">Paraguay</collectingCountry>
|
||
has been confirmed to us by G. Lamas and V. Sarto (pers. comm.) and was reported by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFC2AAAFFBED92BFAFF68EFFED2FC08" author="Montagud, S." firstAuthor="Montagud" journalOrPublisher="Boletin de la Sociedad Entomologica Aragonesa" pageId="12" pageNumber="55" pagination="237 - 246" part="34" refId="ref13195" refString="Montagud, S. (2004) Paysandisia archon (Burmeister, 1880) (Lepidoptera, Castniidae), nuevas localizaciones en la Peninsula Iberica y su gestion. Boletin de la Sociedad Entomologica Aragonesa, (34), 237 - 246." title="Paysandisia archon (Burmeister, 1880) (Lepidoptera, Castniidae), nuevas localizaciones en la Peninsula Iberica y su gestion" type="journal article" year="2004">Montagud (2004)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFC2AAAFFBED92BFEFE6888FE1AFC08" author="Sarto, V." box="[351,495,973,997]" firstAuthor="Sarto" journalOrPublisher="Nota lepidopterologica" pageId="12" pageNumber="55" pagination="3 - 15" part="25" refId="ref13507" refString="Sarto, V. (2002) The discovery, description and taxonomy of Paysandisia archon (Burmeister, 1880), a castniid species recently found in southwestern Europe (Castniidae). Nota lepidopterologica, 25 (1), 3 - 15." title="The discovery, description and taxonomy of Paysandisia archon (Burmeister, 1880), a castniid species recently found in southwestern Europe (Castniidae)" type="journal article" year="2002">Sarto (2002)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFC2AAAFFBED92BFE5A6888FD7DFC08" author="Sarto, V." box="[507,648,973,997]" firstAuthor="Sarto" journalOrPublisher="Nota lepidopterologica" pageId="12" pageNumber="55" pagination="3 - 15" part="25" refId="ref13507" refString="Sarto, V. (2002) The discovery, description and taxonomy of Paysandisia archon (Burmeister, 1880), a castniid species recently found in southwestern Europe (Castniidae). Nota lepidopterologica, 25 (1), 3 - 15." title="The discovery, description and taxonomy of Paysandisia archon (Burmeister, 1880), a castniid species recently found in southwestern Europe (Castniidae)" type="journal article" year="2002">Sarto (2002)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
mentions that the Paraguayan Chaco is part of the range of the native habitat for the species. It is highly possible that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6D2CD8FFBED92BFD1468B4FC7AFBE4" box="[693,911,1009,1033]" class="Insecta" family="Castniidae" genus="Prometheus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="archon">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9198B49FFBED92BFD1468B4FC7AFBE4" box="[693,911,1009,1033]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="55">Prometheus archon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
could be found along the south eastern region of the country (Misiones and Itapúa Departments), because there are some vegetation patches, known as “Sabanas de la
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37A17CBFFBED92BFF746F7CFE85FBBC" box="[213,368,1081,1105]" name="Iraq" pageId="12" pageNumber="55">Mesopotamia</collectingCountry>
|
||
” (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFC2AAAFFBED92BFE2B6F7CFD71FBBC" author="Guyra Paraguay" bookContentInfo="212 pp." box="[394,644,1081,1106]" firstAuthor="Guyra Paraguay" journalOrPublisher="Asociacion Guyra Paraguay, Asuncion" pageId="12" pageNumber="55" refId="ref12446" refString="Guyra Paraguay (2005) Atlas de las Aves de Paraguay. Asociacion Guyra Paraguay, Asuncion. 212 pp." title="Atlas de las Aves de Paraguay" type="book" year="2005">
|
||
Guyra
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37A17CBFFBED92BFE786F7FFDB4FBBF" box="[473,577,1082,1106]" name="Paraguay" pageId="12" pageNumber="55">Paraguay</collectingCountry>
|
||
2005
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) which have a striking similarity to the Pampas,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37A17CBFFBED92BFB0E6F7CFAD4FBBC" box="[1199,1313,1081,1105]" name="Argentina" pageId="12" pageNumber="55">Argentina</collectingCountry>
|
||
, where the species is frequently found.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37704D0FFBED92BFF646FC4FAA8FB0C" pageId="12" pageNumber="55" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD2575BFFBED92BFF646FC4FAA8FB0C" blockId="12.[151,1436,504,1357]" pageId="12" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9198B49FFBED92BFF646FC4FE15FB77" bold="true" box="[197,480,1153,1178]" pageId="12" pageNumber="55">Biology and behaviour:</emphasis>
|
||
It has been reported attacking several palm species (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6D2CD8FFBED92BFB9A6FC4FB46FB74" box="[1083,1203,1153,1177]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="12" pageNumber="55" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Arecaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) in the genera
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6D2CD8FFBED92BFAFE6FC7FF4EFB50" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Latania" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="12" pageNumber="55" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9198B49FFBED92BFAFE6FC7FF4EFB50" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="55">Latania</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6D2CD8FFBED92BFF686FE0FEA2FB50" box="[201,343,1189,1213]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Chamaerops" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="12" pageNumber="55" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9198B49FFBED92BFF686FE0FEA2FB50" box="[201,343,1189,1213]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="55">Chamaerops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6D2CD8FFBED92BFE2E6FE0FD7AFB50" authority="Miller 1986" authorityName="Miller" authorityYear="1986" box="[399,655,1189,1213]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Phoenix" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="12" pageNumber="55" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9198B49FFBED92BFE2E6FE0FE1EFB50" box="[399,491,1189,1213]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="55">Phoenix</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFC2AAAFFBED92BFE5A6FE0FD73FB50" author="Miller, J. Y." bookContentInfo="571 pp." box="[507,646,1189,1213]" firstAuthor="Miller" journalOrPublisher="Ph. D. Thesis. University of Florida, Gainesville, USA" pageId="12" pageNumber="55" refId="ref13088" refString="Miller, J. Y. (1986) The taxonomuy, phylogeny, and zoogeography of the Neotropical Castniinae (Lepidoptera: Castnioidea: Castniidae). Ph. D. Thesis. University of Florida, Gainesville, USA. 571 pp." title="The taxonomuy, phylogeny, and zoogeography of the Neotropical Castniinae (Lepidoptera: Castnioidea: Castniidae)" type="book" year="1986">Miller 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. It has also been detected attacking other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6D2CD8FFBED92BFBC66FE3FB2AFB53" box="[1127,1247,1190,1214]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="12" pageNumber="55" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Arecaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, such as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6D2CD8FFBED92BFAE46FE0FF16FB0C" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Trachycarpus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="12" pageNumber="55" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9198B49FFBED92BFAE46FE0FF16FB0C" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="55">Trachycarpus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6D2CD8FFBED92BFF506F8CFE94FB0C" box="[241,353,1225,1249]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Trithrinax" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="12" pageNumber="55" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9198B49FFBED92BFF506F8CFE94FB0C" box="[241,353,1225,1249]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="55">Trithrinax</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6D2CD8FFBED92BFED06F8CFE38FB0C" box="[369,461,1225,1249]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Phoenix" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="12" pageNumber="55" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9198B49FFBED92BFED06F8CFE38FB0C" box="[369,461,1225,1249]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="55">Phoenix</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6D2CD8FFBED92BFE7B6F8CFD9DFB0C" box="[474,616,1225,1249]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Chamaerops" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="12" pageNumber="55" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9198B49FFBED92BFE7B6F8CFD9DFB0C" box="[474,616,1225,1249]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="55">Chamaerops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6D2CD8FFBED92BFDD76F8FFD47FB0C" box="[630,690,1226,1249]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Butia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="12" pageNumber="55" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9198B49FFBED92BFDD76F8FFD47FB0C" box="[630,690,1226,1249]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="55">Butia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6D2CD8FFBED92BFD606F8CFCAFFB0C" box="[705,858,1225,1249]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Washingtonia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="12" pageNumber="55" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9198B49FFBED92BFD606F8CFCAFFB0C" box="[705,858,1225,1249]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="55">Washingtonia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6D2CD8FFBED92BFCC96F8CFC4FFB0C" box="[872,954,1225,1249]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Brahea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="12" pageNumber="55" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9198B49FFBED92BFCC96F8CFC4FFB0C" box="[872,954,1225,1249]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="55">Brahea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6D2CD8FFBED92BFC696F8FFBC5FB0C" box="[968,1072,1226,1249]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Livistona" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="12" pageNumber="55" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9198B49FFBED92BFC696F8FFBC5FB0C" box="[968,1072,1226,1249]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="55">Livistona</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6D2CD8FFBED92BFBC66F8FFAACFB0C" authority="Sarto 2002" authorityName="Sarto" authorityYear="2002" box="[1127,1369,1225,1249]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Syagrus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="12" pageNumber="55" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9198B49FFBED92BFBC66F8FFB34FB0C" box="[1127,1217,1226,1249]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="55">Syagrus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFC2AAAFFBED92BFB716F8CFAA4FB0C" author="Sarto, V." box="[1232,1361,1225,1249]" firstAuthor="Sarto" journalOrPublisher="Nota lepidopterologica" pageId="12" pageNumber="55" pagination="3 - 15" part="25" refId="ref13507" refString="Sarto, V. (2002) The discovery, description and taxonomy of Paysandisia archon (Burmeister, 1880), a castniid species recently found in southwestern Europe (Castniidae). Nota lepidopterologica, 25 (1), 3 - 15." title="The discovery, description and taxonomy of Paysandisia archon (Burmeister, 1880), a castniid species recently found in southwestern Europe (Castniidae)" type="journal article" year="2002">Sarto 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37704D0FFBED92BFF646FA8FD3FFAA0" pageId="12" pageNumber="55" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD2575BFFBED92BFF646FA8FD3FFAA0" blockId="12.[151,1436,504,1357]" pageId="12" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9198B49FFBED92BFF646FA8FD26FAEB" bold="true" box="[197,723,1261,1286]" pageId="12" pageNumber="55">
|
||
Material examined. PRESIDENTE
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED7CCF9EFFBED92BFDD46FA8FD26FAEB" box="[629,723,1261,1286]" pageId="12" pageNumber="55">HAYES</collectionCode>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
: The only Paraguayan specimen known to the authors is from Fortín Nanawa, and is deposited at the NHM, its label reads “S.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37A17CBFFBED92BFC036E54FBF2FAC4" box="[930,1031,1297,1321]" name="United States of America" pageId="12" pageNumber="55">America</collectingCountry>
|
||
: Paraguayan Chaco, Nanahua[sic],
|
||
<date id="FFD3719BFFBED92BFF366E70FF01FAA0" box="[151,244,1333,1357]" pageId="12" pageNumber="55" value="1928-03">III.1928</date>
|
||
, Coll.G.S.Carter” (V. Sarto, pers. comm.).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |