317 lines
36 KiB
XML
317 lines
36 KiB
XML
<document id="41B7E67CE4C0479E78A0ED94B4DFBF20" ID-CLB-Dataset="45859" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3794.3.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="8f255bd6-4072-4dfc-ab35-d233e0766ff3" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="285997" ID-ZooBank="51852298-F299-4392-9C89-A6FD14D3E1D0" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460415861649" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Parra-Velandia, Fernando J., Zea, Sven & Van Soest, Rob W. M." docDate="2014" docId="03F7DF34C00DFFDAFF40C854DDBDEB9C" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03794p343.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3794 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Agelas dilatata Duchassaing & Michelotti 1864" docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="318" masterDocId="FFCEA74CC002FFCBFFD7CF1CDF59EF3C" masterDocTitle="Reef sponges of the genus Agelas (Porifera: Demospongiae) from the Greater Caribbean" masterLastPageNumber="343" masterPageNumber="301" pageNumber="316" updateTime="1698328800454" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="A5D84CFAE7C25106907AEA98FB88DD6C">Reef sponges of the genus Agelas (Porifera: Demospongiae) from the Greater Caribbean</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="6B72117045E736EC5FB1030F853B1AA0">Parra-Velandia, Fernando J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="E8AB5DA95EB696496C3055BF04238537">Zea, Sven</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="0C857C678AA713523E8F3A1A0E808091">Van Soest, Rob W. M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="22EAC5FDC8F5174BEAB1CDBEDD5A07B0">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="0293BA103915B740C0830654FB17AE77">2014</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="640885A40F891320FAC19CEB711137FB">3794</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03F7DF34C00DFFDAFF40C854DDBDEB9C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5691129" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119425054" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5691129" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F7DF34C00DFFDAFF40C854DDBDEB9C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F7DF34C00DFFDAFF40C854DDBDEB9C" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="318" pageId="15" pageNumber="316">
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<subSubSection id="C3443DA9C00DFFC4FF40C854DF80E8B8" pageId="15" pageNumber="316" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BE16E22C00DFFC4FF40C854DDB8E85F" blockId="15.[151,737,1864,1924]" box="[151,737,1864,1891]" pageId="15" pageNumber="316">
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<heading id="D0A9D94EC00DFFC4FF40C854DDB8E85F" bold="true" box="[151,737,1864,1891]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="15" pageNumber="316" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C5E15A1C00DFFC4FF40C854DDB8E85F" ID-CoL="65QF7" authority="Duchassaing & Michelotti, 1864" authorityName="Duchassaing & Michelotti" authorityYear="1864" box="[151,737,1864,1891]" class="Demospongiae" family="Agelasidae" genus="Agelas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Agelasida" pageId="15" pageNumber="316" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="dilatata">
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<emphasis id="B92AB230C00DFFC4FF40C854DDB8E85F" bold="true" box="[151,737,1864,1891]" pageId="15" pageNumber="316">
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<emphasis id="B92AB230C00DFFC4FF40C854DE13E85E" bold="true" box="[151,330,1864,1890]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="316">Agelas dilatata</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFCF13D3C00DFFC4FE86C855DDB8E85F" author="Duchassaing" box="[337,737,1865,1891]" pageId="15" pageNumber="316" refString="Duchassaing de Fonbressin, P. & Michelotti, G. (1864) Spongiaires de la mer Caraibe. Natuurkundige verhandelingen van de Hollandsche maatschappij der wetenschappen te Haarlem, 21 (3), 1 - 124." type="journal article" year="1864">Duchassaing & Michelotti, 1864</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BE16E22C00DFFC4FF40C877DF80E8B8" blockId="15.[151,737,1864,1924]" box="[151,217,1899,1924]" pageId="15" pageNumber="316">Fig. 6</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3443DA9C00DFFC4FF40C8AFDDF7E8F5" box="[151,686,1971,1993]" pageId="15" pageNumber="316" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="8BE16E22C00DFFC4FF40C8AFDDF7E8F5" blockId="15.[151,1249,1971,2024]" box="[151,686,1971,1993]" pageId="15" pageNumber="316">Etymology from Latin, meaning to expand, to dilate.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3443DA9C00DFFDBFF40C8CFDDB2EFD7" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="317" pageId="15" pageNumber="316" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BE16E22C00DFFC4FF40C8CFDBB8E8D4" blockId="15.[151,1249,1971,2024]" box="[151,1249,2002,2024]" pageId="15" pageNumber="316">
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<taxonomicName id="4C5E15A1C00DFFC4FF40C8CFDEABE8D4" authority="Carter, 1883" authorityName="Carter" authorityYear="1883" box="[151,498,2002,2024]" class="Demospongiae" family="Agelasidae" genus="Ectyon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Agelasida" pageId="15" pageNumber="316" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="flabelliformis">
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<emphasis id="B92AB230C00DFFC4FF40C8CFDE32E8D4" box="[151,363,2002,2024]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="316">Ectyon flabelliformis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFCF13D3C00DFFC4FEA5C8CEDEABE8D4" author="Carter" box="[370,498,2002,2024]" pageId="15" pageNumber="316" refString="Carter, H. J. (1883) Contributions to our knowledge of the Spongida. Annals and Magazine of Natural History Series 5, 12 (71), 308 - 329. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222938309459636" type="journal article" year="1883">Carter, 1883</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, BMNH 1884.4.14.9 only, designed as
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<typeStatus id="54E5D080C00DFFC4FC56C8CEDC87E8D4" box="[897,990,2002,2024]" pageId="15" pageNumber="316" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
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by
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<bibRefCitation id="EFCF13D3C00DFFC4FBD4C8CEDB84E8D4" author="Wiedenmayer" box="[1027,1245,2002,2024]" pageId="15" pageNumber="316" refString="Wiedenmayer, F. (1977) A monograph of the shallow-water sponges of the Western Bahamas. Experientia. Supplementum. 28. Birkhauser Verlag, Basel und Stuttgart, 287 pp." type="book" year="1977">Wiedenmayer (1977)</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BE16E22C012FFDBFF40CF84DD76EFF0" blockId="16.[151,1436,152,235]" pageId="16" pageNumber="317">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB4E490CC012FFDBFF40CF84DD76EFF0" pageId="16" pageNumber="317">
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<taxonomicName id="4C5E15A1C012FFDBFF40CF84DDF4EF92" ID-CoL="65QF7" authority="Duchassaing & Michelotti, 1864: 77" authorityName="Duchassaing & Michelotti" authorityPageNumber="77" authorityYear="1864" box="[151,685,152,174]" class="Demospongiae" family="Agelasidae" genus="Agelas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Agelasida" pageId="16" pageNumber="317" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="dilatata">
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<emphasis id="B92AB230C012FFDBFF40CF84DE68EF92" box="[151,305,152,174]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="317">Agelas dilatata</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="0AFF4833C012FFDBFEEFCF84DDF4EF92" author="Duchassaing" box="[312,685,152,174]" page="77" pageId="16" pageNumber="317" year="1864">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFCF13D3C012FFDBFEEFCF84DDDEEF92" author="Duchassaing" box="[312,647,152,174]" pageId="16" pageNumber="317" refString="Duchassaing de Fonbressin, P. & Michelotti, G. (1864) Spongiaires de la mer Caraibe. Natuurkundige verhandelingen van de Hollandsche maatschappij der wetenschappen te Haarlem, 21 (3), 1 - 124." type="journal article" year="1864">Duchassaing & Michelotti, 1864</bibRefCitation>
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: 77
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</taxonomicName>
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, pl. 14,
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<figureCitation id="136572A7C012FFDBFD29CF84DC63EF92" box="[766,826,152,174]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1850,1872]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,293,1804]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,293,1805]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 1. SEM images of Agelas. A) Spicules of A. conifera holotype. B) Spicules of A. clathrodes holotype. C) to D) Fibre skeleton with primary and secondary fibre echination, in A. citrina (C), A. dispar (D, curved fibres) and A. conifera (E). F) Detail of the skeleton of A. conifera showing coring spicules in a broken primary fibre. G) Detail of the skeleton of A. citrina with its long spicules." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285998/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="317">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="0AFF4833C012FFDBFC90CF84DB5EEF92" author="Assmann" box="[839,1031,152,174]" page="38" pageId="16" pageNumber="317" year="2000">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFCF13D3C012FFDBFC90CF84DCBAEF92" author="Assmann" box="[839,995,152,174]" pageId="16" pageNumber="317" refString="Assmann, M. (2000) Bromierte Pyrrol-Alkaloide aus karibischen Schwammed der Gattung Agelas: Isolierung, Strukturaufklarung und chemische Okologie. Dr. rer. Nat. dissertation, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universitat, Frankfurt, 165 pp." type="book" year="2000">Assmann 2000</bibRefCitation>
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: 38
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</treatmentCitation>
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, pl. 3;
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<treatmentCitation id="0AFF4833C012FFDBFB99CF84DA0CEF92" author="Assmann" box="[1102,1365,152,174]" page="363" pageId="16" pageNumber="317" year="2001">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFCF13D3C012FFDBFB99CF84DA7BEF92" author="Assmann" box="[1102,1314,152,174]" pageId="16" pageNumber="317" refString="Assmann, M., Soest, R. W. M. van & Kock, M. (2001) Description of Agelas cerebrum, a new species and redescription of Agelas dilatata (Porifera). Proceedings of The Biological Society of Washington, 114, 359 - 366." type="journal article" year="2001">
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Assmann
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<emphasis id="B92AB230C012FFDBFB64CF85DBB9EF92" box="[1203,1248,152,174]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="317">et al</emphasis>
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. 2001
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</bibRefCitation>
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: 363
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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,
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||
<figureCitation id="136572A7C012FFDBFAB7CF84DACEEF92" box="[1376,1431,152,174]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1726,1748]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1704]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,193,1705]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 2. Photographs of Agelas dispar. A) Holotype. B) Bahamas massive specimen; note clustered collared oscules, and small circular oscules. C) Barbados round lobate specimen. D) Belize. E) Jamaica. F) San Andres Island (Colombia) flabellate specimen; note the keyhole-shaped oscules. G) Rosario Islands (Colombia) lobate specimen." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/285999/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="317">Fig 2</figureCitation>
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="0AFF4833C012FFDBFF10CFAADEDFEFF0" author="Alcolado" box="[199,390,182,204]" page="61" pageId="16" pageNumber="317" year="2002">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFCF13D3C012FFDBFF10CFAADE38EFF0" author="Alcolado" box="[199,353,182,204]" pageId="16" pageNumber="317" refString="Alcolado, P. M. (2002) Catalogo de las esponjas de Cuba. Avicennia, 15, 53 - 72." type="journal article" year="2002">Alcolado 2002</bibRefCitation>
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: 61
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</treatmentCitation>
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; Zea
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<emphasis id="B92AB230C012FFDBFE6ACFA4DEB0EFF0" box="[445,489,182,205]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="317">et al</emphasis>
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. 2009.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BE16E22C012FFDBFF40CFC9DDB2EFD7" blockId="16.[151,1436,152,235]" box="[151,747,213,235]" pageId="16" pageNumber="317">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB4E490CC012FFDBFF40CFC9DDB2EFD7" box="[151,747,213,235]" pageId="16" pageNumber="317">
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?
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E15A1C012FFDBFF75CFC9DD3BEFD7" ID-CoL="5TQF5" authority="Pulitzer-Finali, 1986: 111" authorityName="Pulitzer-Finali" authorityPageNumber="111" authorityYear="1986" box="[162,610,213,235]" class="Demospongiae" family="Agelasidae" genus="Agelas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Agelasida" pageId="16" pageNumber="317" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="inaequalis">
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<emphasis id="B92AB230C012FFDBFF75CFC9DE0EEFD7" box="[162,343,213,235]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="317">Agelas inaequalis</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="0AFF4833C012FFDBFE8ACFC9DD3BEFD7" author="Pulitzer-Finali" box="[349,610,213,235]" page="111" pageId="16" pageNumber="317" year="1986">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFCF13D3C012FFDBFE8ACFC9DD68EFD7" author="Pulitzer-Finali" box="[349,561,213,235]" pageId="16" pageNumber="317" refString="Pulitzer-Finali, G. (1986) A collection of West Indian Demonspongiae (Porifera). Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale Giacomo Doria, 86, 65 - 216." type="journal article" year="1986">Pulitzer-Finali, 1986</bibRefCitation>
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: 111
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, Figs. 32, 33.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<paragraph id="8BE16E22C012FFDBFF40CABFDECAEACA" pageId="16" pageNumber="317">
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<table id="F95E9C82C0120034FF40CABFDAC2EACA" box="[151,1435,1443,1526]" gridcols="4" gridrows="3" pageId="16" pageNumber="317">
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<tr id="356E6C60C0120034FF40CABFDAC2EA86" box="[151,1435,1443,1466]" gridrow="0" pageId="16" pageNumber="317">
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<th id="76BF051CC0120034FF40CABFDD4EEA86" box="[151,535,1443,1466]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="16" pageNumber="317">
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<emphasis id="B92AB230C012FFDBFF40CABFDE41EA85" bold="true" box="[151,280,1443,1465]" pageId="16" pageNumber="317">FIGURE 6.</emphasis>
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Photographs of
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<taxonomicName id="4C5E15A1C012FFDBFE05CABFDD4EEA85" box="[466,535,1443,1465]" class="Demospongiae" family="Agelasidae" genus="Agelas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Agelasida" pageId="16" pageNumber="317" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
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||
<emphasis id="B92AB230C012FFDBFE05CABFDD4EEA85" box="[466,535,1443,1465]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="317">Agelas</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</th>
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<th id="76BF051CC0120034FDC8CABFDD85EA86" box="[543,732,1443,1466]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="16" pageNumber="317">
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<taxonomicName id="4C5E15A1C012FFDBFDF3CABFDD2AEA85" box="[548,627,1443,1465]" class="Demospongiae" family="Agelasidae" genus="Agelas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Agelasida" pageId="16" pageNumber="317" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="dilatata">
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||
<emphasis id="B92AB230C012FFDBFDF3CABFDD2AEA85" box="[548,627,1443,1465]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="317">dilatata</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
from the
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</th>
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||
<th id="76BF051CC0120034FD31CABFDC08EA86" box="[742,849,1443,1466]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="16" pageNumber="317">Bahamas.</th>
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<th id="76BF051CC0120034FC8FCABFDAC2EA86" box="[856,1435,1443,1466]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="16" pageNumber="317">A) Pedunculate Holotype. B) Ruptured individual. C)</th>
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||
</tr>
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||
<tr id="356E6C60C0120034FF40CADEDAC2EAE4" box="[151,1435,1474,1496]" gridrow="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="317">
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<th id="76BF051CC0120034FF40CADEDD4EEAE4" box="[151,535,1474,1496]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="317">Pedunculate form. D) Front view of</th>
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<td id="76BF051CC0120034FDC8CADEDD85EAE4" box="[543,732,1474,1496]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="317">specimen pictured</td>
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||
<td id="76BF051CC0120034FD31CADEDC08EAE4" box="[742,849,1474,1496]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="317">at C; note</td>
|
||
<td id="76BF051CC0120034FC8FCADEDAC2EAE4" box="[856,1435,1474,1496]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="317">the oscular collar membrane. E) Rear view of C, with</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="356E6C60C0120034FF40CAFCDAC2EACA" box="[151,1435,1504,1526]" gridrow="2" pageId="16" pageNumber="317" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1">
|
||
<th id="76BF051CC0120034FF40CAFCDD4EEACA" box="[151,535,1504,1526]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="16" pageNumber="317">zoanthids. F) Cup shape.</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3443DA9C012FFDBFF40C93FDC22E828" pageId="16" pageNumber="317" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE16E22C012FFDBFF40C93FDE79E994" blockId="16.[151,1437,1571,2028]" pageId="16" pageNumber="317">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AB230C012FFDBFF40C93FDE97E900" bold="true" box="[151,462,1571,1596]" pageId="16" pageNumber="317">Material and distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E5D080C012FFDBFE03C93FDD65E900" box="[468,572,1571,1596]" pageId="16" pageNumber="317" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
lost (van
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCF13D3C012FFDBFD7DC938DC34E900" author="Soest" box="[682,877,1571,1596]" pageId="16" pageNumber="317" refString="Soest, R. W. M. van, Stone, S. M., Boury-Esnault, N. & Rutzler, K. (1983) Catalogue of the Duchassaing and Michelotti 1864 collection of West Indian sponges (Porifera). Bulletin of the Zoological Museum of the University of Amsterdam, 9 (2), 189 - 205." type="journal article" year="1983">
|
||
Soest
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AB230C012FFDBFD3AC938DC7CE907" box="[749,805,1571,1595]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="317">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 1983
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), collected at
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3492EB2C012FFDBFBD0C93FDBCBE900" box="[1031,1170,1571,1596]" name="Guadeloupe" pageId="16" pageNumber="317">Guadeloupe</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Species redescribed by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCF13D3C012FFDBFF40C954DECBE95C" box="[151,402,1607,1632]" pageId="16" pageNumber="317" refString="Assmann, M., Soest, R. W. M. van & Kock, M. (2001) Description of Agelas cerebrum, a new species and redescription of Agelas dilatata (Porifera). Proceedings of The Biological Society of Washington, 114, 359 - 366." type="journal article">
|
||
Assmann
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AB230C012FFDBFED1C954DE61E963" box="[262,312,1607,1631]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="317">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2001)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, who designed as
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E5D080C012FFDBFD88C954DDE1E95C" box="[607,696,1608,1632]" pageId="16" pageNumber="317" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
|
||
specimen
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4FF6E7C012FFDBFCE7C954DC37E95C" box="[816,878,1608,1632]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/a65z-wv6r" name="Universiteit van Amsterdam, Zoologisch Museum" pageId="16" pageNumber="317">ZMA</collectionCode>
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4FF6E7C012FFDBFCA2C954DCF6E95C" box="[885,943,1608,1632]" pageId="16" pageNumber="317">POR</collectionCode>
|
||
. 15604 (examined by us), collected at Little San
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3492EB2C012FFDBFF1FC977DE74E9B8" box="[200,301,1643,1668]" name="El Salvador" pageId="16" pageNumber="317">Salvador</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3492EB2C012FFDBFEEFC977DEFBE9B8" box="[312,418,1643,1668]" name="Bahamas" pageId="16" pageNumber="317">Bahamas</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D58A5ABC012FFDBFE7AC977DEB4E9BF" box="[429,493,1643,1668]" pageId="16" pageNumber="317" type="generic">
|
||
<quantity id="4CA6C3C7C012FFDBFE7AC977DEB1E9BF" box="[429,488,1643,1668]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" pageId="16" pageNumber="317" unit="m" value="26.0">26 m</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</specimenCount>
|
||
The material described here (INV–
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4FF6E7C012FFDBFCAEC970DCE8E9B8" box="[889,945,1644,1668]" pageId="16" pageNumber="317">POR</collectionCode>
|
||
939, 947) was collected in the same area of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E5D080C012FFDBFF17C98CDE45E994" box="[192,284,1680,1704]" pageId="16" pageNumber="317" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE16E22C012FFDBFF10C9AFDC22E828" blockId="16.[151,1437,1571,2028]" pageId="16" pageNumber="317">
|
||
This species seems to be restricted to
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3492EB2C012FFDBFDBDC9AFDDA0E9F0" box="[618,761,1715,1740]" name="Bahamas" pageId="16" pageNumber="317">the Bahamas</collectingCountry>
|
||
(see also
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCF13D3C012FFDBFCB0C9A8DB48E9F0" author="Assmann" box="[871,1041,1716,1740]" pageId="16" pageNumber="317" refString="Assmann, M. (2000) Bromierte Pyrrol-Alkaloide aus karibischen Schwammed der Gattung Agelas: Isolierung, Strukturaufklarung und chemische Okologie. Dr. rer. Nat. dissertation, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universitat, Frankfurt, 165 pp." type="book" year="2000">Assmann 2000</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; Zea
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AB230C012FFDBFB9AC9A8DB25E9F7" box="[1101,1148,1715,1739]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="317">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2009), and the north and south coasts of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3492EB2C012FFDBFE9CC9CBDEDFE9CC" box="[331,390,1751,1776]" name="Cuba" pageId="16" pageNumber="317">Cuba</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCF13D3C012FFDBFE40C9CBDD1CE9CC" author="Alcolado" box="[407,581,1751,1776]" pageId="16" pageNumber="317" refString="Alcolado, P. M. (2002) Catalogo de las esponjas de Cuba. Avicennia, 15, 53 - 72." type="journal article" year="2002">Alcolado 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). We consider this as a Bahamian-Greater Antilles species. Our specimens were found from
|
||
<quantity id="4CA6C3C7C012FFDBFE8DC9E0DE8AE82F" box="[346,467,1788,1812]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="1.8" pageId="16" pageNumber="317" unit="m" value="24.0" valueMax="30.0" valueMin="18.0">18 to 30 m</quantity>
|
||
in depth, abundant at
|
||
<quantity id="4CA6C3C7C012FFDBFD1CC9E7DC76E82F" box="[715,815,1787,1812]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="2.3" pageId="16" pageNumber="317" unit="m" value="24.0" valueMax="25.0" valueMin="23.0">23–25 m</quantity>
|
||
depth.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3443DA9C012FFDAFF10C803DE04EDF0" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="318" pageId="16" pageNumber="317" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE16E22C012FFDAFF10C803DDF7EFCB" blockId="16.[151,1437,1571,2028]" lastBlockId="17.[151,1437,151,1185]" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="318" pageId="16" pageNumber="317">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AB230C012FFDBFF10C803DE00E804" bold="true" box="[199,345,1823,1848]" pageId="16" pageNumber="317">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
This species is normally flabellate (Fig 6A), and usually pedunculated (Fig 6C); this basic form can adopt some variations like divided flabella (Fig 6B) or cylindrical branches with flattened ends; some specimens have a half-cup shape (Fig 6F). The diameter is typically
|
||
<quantity id="4CA6C3C7C012FFDBFC46C87BDB5BE843" box="[913,1026,1895,1920]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.75" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="16" pageNumber="317" unit="cm" value="37.5" valueMax="50.0" valueMin="25.0">25–50 cm</quantity>
|
||
, although some specimens can reach
|
||
<quantity id="4CA6C3C7C012FFDBFF40C890DFA1E89F" box="[151,248,1932,1956]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="8.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="317" unit="m" value="0.9" valueMax="1.0" valueMin="0.8">0.8–1 m</quantity>
|
||
; thickness usually up to
|
||
<quantity id="4CA6C3C7C012FFDBFDC0C890DD0CE89F" box="[535,597,1932,1956]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="317" unit="cm" value="3.0">3 cm</quantity>
|
||
. External colour in the areas exposed to light is orange to tan; in shaded specimens it is darker orange to brown; at the centre or the base of most specimens there are some cinnamon spots; the underside or the base are orange to orange yellow; internal colours are orange yellow to yellow. When preserved the colour becomes brownish, when dry it becomes greyish. Pinacoderm supported by tracts of spicules protruding from the main fibres; the surface is smooth and even underwater, becoming roughish when taken out of the water; subdermal channels are not apparent.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE16E22C013FFDAFF10CE18DBD7EE91" blockId="17.[151,1437,151,1185]" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">
|
||
There are two different
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E5D080C013FFDAFE05CE19DD54EE21" box="[466,525,261,285]" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">types</typeStatus>
|
||
of openings: (1) on the exposed side, abundant evenly scattered circular oscules,
|
||
<quantity id="4CA6C3C7C013FFDAFF40CE34DFAAEE03" box="[151,243,296,320]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="17" pageNumber="318" unit="mm" value="6.0" valueMax="8.0" valueMin="4.0">4–8 mm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter, surrounded by a milky membranous ring (Fig 6D); the confluent exhalant channels are visible throughout the aperture; (2) on the underside, unevenly dispersed ostia, about
|
||
<quantity id="4CA6C3C7C013FFDAFBD9CE50DB35EE58" box="[1038,1132,332,356]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="17" pageNumber="318" unit="mm" value="1.5" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.0">1–2 mm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter (Fig 6E). This side is usually infested with black to dark brown zoanthids. The consistency is firm but compressible, harder when dry. The choanosome is dense, with narrow channels that do not exceed
|
||
<quantity id="4CA6C3C7C013FFDAFC16CE88DB5BEE90" box="[961,1026,404,428]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="17" pageNumber="318" unit="mm" value="4.0">4 mm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE16E22C013FFDAFF10CEABDEA7ED5C" blockId="17.[151,1437,151,1185]" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">The skeleton is a dense reticulation of spongin fibres; the primaries are cored by 1–5 spicules per cross section, but occasionally the coring spicule tract is absent. Primaries 50–100 µm in diameter, secondaries 40–60 µm in diameter, and tertiaries 20–50 µm in diameter. Primary fibres have slightly less echinating spicules than secondary and tertiary. Although in some specimens primaries are irregular and hardly distinguishable, in others they are clear, despite absence of coring.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE16E22C013FFDAFF10CD70DE04EDF0" blockId="17.[151,1437,151,1185]" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">
|
||
Spicules are straight acanthostyles with 4–7 spines per whorl; length 75–160 (108±22.2) µm, width 4–8 (6±1.1) µm and 9–18 (13±2.4) whorls per spicule. Detailed lengths, widths and average number of whorls are shown in
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6DC5B99C013FFDAFED3CDA8DE00EDF0" box="[260,345,692,717]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="8.[151,239,764,787]" captionText="TABLE 2. Spicule measurements of Caribbean Agelas. n = 25. Values are minimum – maximum (mean ± 1 standard deviation)" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">Table 2</tableCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3443DA9C013FFDAFF10CDCBDEB3EB08" pageId="17" pageNumber="318" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE16E22C013FFDAFF10CDCBDC09ECBC" blockId="17.[151,1437,151,1185]" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AB230C013FFDAFF10CDCBDE62EDCC" bold="true" box="[199,315,727,752]" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
Typically found in outer reef and island slopes of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3492EB2C013FFDAFCA7CDCBDB5AEDCC" box="[880,1027,727,752]" name="Bahamas" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">the Bahamas</collectingCountry>
|
||
, growing on vertical or overhanging reef walls; also in caves and other shaded environments; hardly above
|
||
<quantity id="4CA6C3C7C013FFDAFC34CDE0DB78EC28" box="[995,1057,764,789]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="17" pageNumber="318" unit="m" value="15.0">15 m</quantity>
|
||
in depth. The tentative
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E5D080C013FFDAFA94CDE1DAC5EC29" box="[1347,1436,765,789]" pageId="17" pageNumber="318" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
|
||
designation by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCF13D3C013FFDAFE87CC3CDD04EC04" box="[336,605,800,824]" pageId="17" pageNumber="318" refString="Assmann, M., Soest, R. W. M. van & Kock, M. (2001) Description of Agelas cerebrum, a new species and redescription of Agelas dilatata (Porifera). Proceedings of The Biological Society of Washington, 114, 359 - 366." type="journal article">
|
||
Assmann
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AB230C013FFDAFE11CC3DDEA7EC04" box="[454,510,800,824]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2001)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
was made following as close as possible the original description of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCF13D3C013FFDAFF40CC58DD4EEC61" author="Duchassaing" box="[151,535,836,861]" pageId="17" pageNumber="318" refString="Duchassaing de Fonbressin, P. & Michelotti, G. (1864) Spongiaires de la mer Caraibe. Natuurkundige verhandelingen van de Hollandsche maatschappij der wetenschappen te Haarlem, 21 (3), 1 - 124." type="journal article" year="1864">Duchassaing & Michelotti (1864)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: “Mass widened rather flattened, reddish surface above, blackish on side, small pores almost always scattered” and the accompanying picture.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE16E22C013FFDAFF10CC90DEB3EB08" blockId="17.[151,1437,151,1185]" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">
|
||
The description of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E15A1C013FFDAFE4DCC90DC16EC99" authority="Pulitzer-Finali, 1986" authorityName="Pulitzer-Finali" authorityYear="1986" box="[410,847,908,933]" class="Demospongiae" family="Agelasidae" genus="Agelas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Agelasida" pageId="17" pageNumber="318" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="inaequalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AB230C013FFDAFE4DCC90DD3BEC98" box="[410,610,908,932]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">Agelas inaequalis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCF13D3C013FFDAFDBFCC90DC16EC99" author="Pulitzer-Finali" box="[616,847,908,933]" pageId="17" pageNumber="318" refString="Pulitzer-Finali, G. (1986) A collection of West Indian Demonspongiae (Porifera). Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale Giacomo Doria, 86, 65 - 216." type="journal article" year="1986">Pulitzer-Finali, 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
fits within the variation observed by us in a wide set of specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E15A1C013FFDAFE86CCACDE9EECF4" box="[337,455,944,968]" class="Demospongiae" family="Agelasidae" genus="Agelas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Agelasida" pageId="17" pageNumber="318" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="dilatata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AB230C013FFDAFE86CCACDE9EECF4" box="[337,455,944,968]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">A. dilatata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Thus, it is probably a junior synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E15A1C013FFDAFC72CCACDB45ECF4" box="[933,1052,944,968]" class="Demospongiae" family="Agelasidae" genus="Agelas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Agelasida" pageId="17" pageNumber="318" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="dilatata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AB230C013FFDAFC72CCACDB45ECF4" box="[933,1052,944,968]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">A. dilatata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, although a closer re-examination of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E15A1C013FFDAFF6BCCC8DE0EECD0" box="[188,343,980,1004]" class="Demospongiae" family="Agelasidae" genus="Agelas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Agelasida" pageId="17" pageNumber="318" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="inaequalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AB230C013FFDAFF6BCCC8DE0EECD0" box="[188,343,980,1004]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">A. inaequalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E5D080C013FFDAFEB3CCC8DE9FECD1" box="[356,454,980,1005]" pageId="17" pageNumber="318" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
is mandatory, paying special attention to the oscular morphology, skeleton fibres organization and differences between upper and lower surfaces. Dr. P.M. Alcolado (
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AB230C013FFDAFBBCCCE5DBA9EB2C" box="[1131,1264,1017,1040]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">pers. comm</emphasis>
|
||
.) suspects this could be a record of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E15A1C013FFDAFEA9CB00DEBAEB08" box="[382,483,1052,1076]" class="Demospongiae" family="Agelasidae" genus="Agelas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Agelasida" pageId="17" pageNumber="318" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="dispar">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AB230C013FFDAFEA9CB00DEBAEB08" box="[382,483,1052,1076]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">A. dispar</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3443DA9C013FFDAFF10CB5CDDBDEB9C" pageId="17" pageNumber="318" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE16E22C013FFDAFF10CB5CDDBDEB9C" blockId="17.[151,1437,151,1185]" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E15A1C013FFDAFF10CB5CDD34EB64" ID-CoL="5TQF4" authority="Carter, 1883" authorityName="Carter" authorityYear="1883" box="[199,621,1088,1112]" class="Demospongiae" family="Agelasidae" genus="Agelas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Agelasida" pageId="17" pageNumber="318" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="flabelliformis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AB230C013FFDAFF10CB5CDEE1EB64" box="[199,440,1088,1112]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">Agelas flabelliformis</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCF13D3C013FFDAFE19CB5CDD3CEB64" author="Carter" box="[462,613,1088,1112]" pageId="17" pageNumber="318" refString="Carter, H. J. (1883) Contributions to our knowledge of the Spongida. Annals and Magazine of Natural History Series 5, 12 (71), 308 - 329. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222938309459636" type="journal article" year="1883">Carter, 1883</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, specimen BMNH 1884.4.14.9, as described by Carter himself and designated by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCF13D3C013FFDAFEE9CB78DD77EB40" author="Wiedenmayer" box="[318,558,1124,1149]" pageId="17" pageNumber="318" refString="Wiedenmayer, F. (1977) A monograph of the shallow-water sponges of the Western Bahamas. Experientia. Supplementum. 28. Birkhauser Verlag, Basel und Stuttgart, 287 pp." type="book" year="1977">Wiedenmayer (1977)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
as
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E5D080C013FFDAFD8FCB78DD9BEB41" box="[600,706,1124,1149]" pageId="17" pageNumber="318" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
, belongs to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E15A1C013FFDAFC87CB78DC91EB40" ID-CoL="65QF7" box="[848,968,1124,1148]" class="Demospongiae" family="Agelasidae" genus="Agelas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Agelasida" pageId="17" pageNumber="318" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="dilatata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AB230C013FFDAFC87CB78DC91EB40" box="[848,968,1124,1148]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">A. dilatata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; its spicule length, shape and cribriform pore groups were also seen in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5E15A1C013FFDAFE3DCB94DD39EB9C" ID-CoL="65QF7" box="[490,608,1160,1184]" class="Demospongiae" family="Agelasidae" genus="Agelas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Agelasida" pageId="17" pageNumber="318" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="dilatata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92AB230C013FFDAFE3DCB94DD39EB9C" box="[490,608,1160,1184]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="318">A. dilatata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
specimens.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |