192 lines
22 KiB
XML
192 lines
22 KiB
XML
<document id="C1349A957ECFE61C00AB3A587B94F863" ID-CLB-Dataset="21881" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4780.2.11" ID-GBIF-Dataset="15a17e6a-ec5e-48d6-8fe1-7e1d19d07f94" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3842456" ID-ZooBank="9FCA4ABE-0840-424D-A25A-01DAE715137C" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1590392995757" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Balletto, Emilio, Barbero, Francesca, Bonelli, Simona, Casacci, Luca P. & Dapporto, Leonardo" docDate="2020" docId="03DA87B0FF878C38BFE5D596FED6F90D" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4780.2.11.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4780 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Pontia simplonia Freyer 1829" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="390" masterDocId="FFE3FFC8FF848C3BBF72D707FF90FFEE" masterDocTitle="Stabilisation of some names of European butterflies (Lepidoptera: Pieridae) in their prevailing usage" masterLastPageNumber="395" masterPageNumber="387" pageNumber="390" updateTime="1698841145250" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="6836F59FF6D4075E6409A181A197F6F5">Stabilisation of some names of European butterflies (Lepidoptera: Pieridae) in their prevailing usage</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="28D0DC430B1405E7E46FB55B9692C5BD">Balletto, Emilio</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="9858B685E5ECCDD67AE374AED79AE249">Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Italy. & emilio. balletto @ unito. it; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 1168 - 2791</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="7C04BDC4FD1EAFB5EFE78A1DE09A2C11">Barbero, Francesca</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="4C6F4A73FAD138A3CFEB1EADF1413339">Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Italy. & francesca. barbero @ unito. it; http: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 2667 - 0435</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="C9482A51D1A9B20A8CE554DE81D7E83D">Bonelli, Simona</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="DA674074B51608DF589A1C0E967C1CEB">Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Italy. & simona. bonelli @ unito. it; http: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 5185 - 8136</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="546385F9BE312384CA3CF72D06E03939">Casacci, Luca P.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="B70A2B7C8680BE3A943DAB177D2EDC83">Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Italy. & Museum and Institute of Zoology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="5A98E6298049762A96E7356C6B7D0601">Dapporto, Leonardo</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="85CD3221B66C03FD30E207CCCE78A688">ZEN lab, Department of Biology, University of Florence, Italy.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="6E63D038C90F064699A67B1E56642567">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="E717C4F87FA704F245FFD7EF4149F6EE">2020</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="FA326841DC65E79ECE23ABD7E8977037">2020-05-25</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03DA87B0FF878C38BFE5D596FED6F90D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3854381" ID-GBIF-Taxon="164281501" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3854381" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DA87B0FF878C38BFE5D596FED6F90D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DA87B0FF878C38BFE5D596FED6F90D" lastPageNumber="390" pageId="3" pageNumber="390">
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<subSubSection id="C369652DFF878C38BFE5D596FEFCFCB1" pageId="3" pageNumber="390" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BCC36A6FF878C38BFE5D596FD98FD45" blockId="3.[151,520,657,684]" box="[151,520,657,684]" pageId="3" pageNumber="390">
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<heading id="D08481CAFF878C38BFE5D596FD98FD45" bold="true" box="[151,520,657,684]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="390" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C734D25FF878C38BFE5D596FD98FD45" authority="Freyer, 1829" authorityName="Freyer" authorityYear="1829" box="[151,520,657,684]" class="Insecta" family="Pieridae" genus="Pontia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="390" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="simplonia">
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<emphasis id="B907EAB4FF878C38BFE5D596FD98FD45" bold="true" box="[151,520,657,684]" pageId="3" pageNumber="390">
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<emphasis id="B907EAB4FF878C38BFE5D596FEF5FD42" bold="true" box="[151,357,657,684]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="390">Pontia simplonia</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B57FF878C38BE1FD596FD98FD45" author="Freyer, C. F." box="[365,520,657,683]" pageId="3" pageNumber="390" pagination="49 - 96" refId="ref5833" refString="Freyer, C. F. (1829) Beitrage zur Geschichte der europaischer Schmetterlinge, mit Abbildungen nach der Natur. 2 Ban d. Bei Verfasser Lit H., in Commission bei den I. Wolff'schen Buchhandlung, Augsburg, 166 pp., pls. 49 - 96." type="book chapter" year="1829">Freyer, 1829</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BCC36A6FF878C38BFE5D5DEFEFCFCB1" blockId="3.[151,1437,729,1763]" pageId="3" pageNumber="390">
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(Beitr. z. Gesch. europ. Schmett., 2 (13): 87, no. 99, Pl. 73, Fig. 2 [Note: although this name was originally published as
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<emphasis id="B907EAB4FF878C38BFC7D5FAFE70FCF9" box="[181,480,765,791]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="390">
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‘
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<taxonomicName id="4C734D25FF878C38BFCBD5FAFE80FCF9" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[185,272,765,791]" class="Insecta" family="Papilionidae" genus="Papilio" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="390" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Papilio</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicName id="4C734D25FF878C38BE65D5F9FEF2FCF9" box="[279,354,766,791]" class="Insecta" family="Pieridae" genus="Pontia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="390" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Pontia</taxonomicName>
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simplonia’
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</emphasis>
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, we take it as having been described as a species of
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<taxonomicName id="4C734D25FF878C38BB50D5F9FBFDFCF9" box="[1058,1133,766,791]" class="Insecta" family="Pieridae" genus="Pontia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="390" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B907EAB4FF878C38BB50D5F9FBFDFCF9" box="[1058,1133,766,791]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="390">Pontia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, not of
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<taxonomicName id="4C734D25FF878C38BBB3D5FAFA83FCF9" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[1217,1299,765,791]" class="Insecta" family="Papilionidae" genus="Papilio" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="390" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B907EAB4FF878C38BBB3D5FAFA83FCF9" box="[1217,1299,765,791]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="390">Papilio</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, by analogy to the provisions of Opinion 134 (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B57FF878C38BD60D426FD08FCD5" author="ICZN" box="[530,664,801,827]" pageId="3" pageNumber="390" pagination="1 - 6" refId="ref6645" refString="ICZN (1939) Opinion 134. On the method to be adopted in interpreting the generic names assigned by Freyer to species described in his Neuere Beitrage zur Schmetterlingskunde, 1833 - 1858. Opinions rendered by the International Commission on zoological nomenclature, 2 (1), 1 - 6." type="journal article" year="1939">ICZN 1939</bibRefCitation>
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), and Direction 4 (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B57FF878C38BC1AD426FC6CFCD5" author="ICZN" box="[872,1020,800,827]" pageId="3" pageNumber="390" pagination="629 - 652" refId="ref6756" refString="ICZN (1954 a) Direction 4. Addition to the Official Lists and Official Indexes of certain scientific names and of the titles of certain books dealt with in Opinions 134 - 160, exclusive of Opinion 149. Opinions and declarations rendered by the International Commission on zoological nomenclature, 2 (54), 629 - 652." type="journal article" year="1954">ICZN 1954a</bibRefCitation>
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)]. LT: “
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<collectingCountry id="F3647636FF878C38BB3CD426FB39FCD5" box="[1102,1193,801,827]" name="Croatia" pageId="3" pageNumber="390">Croatia</collectingCountry>
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”. TD: (Male
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<typeStatus id="54C88804FF878C38BA48D426FA0CFCD5" box="[1338,1436,801,827]" pageId="3" pageNumber="390" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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by monotypy) lost.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C369652DFF878C38BFB5D46EFED6F90D" pageId="3" pageNumber="390" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BCC36A6FF878C38BFB5D46EFDE1FBD9" blockId="3.[151,1437,729,1763]" pageId="3" pageNumber="390">
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Parts of Freyer’s butterfly collection, which consists in a series of sealed glass boxes arranged in cabinet drawers, is preserved in Eichstätt (Jura-Museum—see
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B57FF878C38BDB2D48AFCCDFC49" author="Pfeuffer, E." box="[704,861,909,935]" pageId="3" pageNumber="390" pagination="67 - 73" refId="ref7280" refString="Pfeuffer, E. (2000) Zur Schmetterlingssammlung von Christian Friedrich Freyer (1794 - 1855) im Jura-Museum Eichstatt. Archaeopteryx, 18, 67 - 73." type="journal article" year="2000">Pfeuffer 2000</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B57FF878C38BC1AD48AFC33FC49" author="Pfeuffer, E." box="[872,931,909,935]" pageId="3" pageNumber="390" refId="ref7310" refString="Pfeuffer, E. (2003) Von der Natur fasziniert ... Fruhe Augsburger Naturforscher und ihre Bilder. Wissner Verlag, Augsburg, 192 pp." type="book" year="2003">2003</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B57FF878C38BCDFD48AFC7AFC46" author="Pfeuffer, E." box="[941,1002,909,936]" pageId="3" pageNumber="390" pagination="1 - 21" refId="ref7337" refString="Pfeuffer, E. (2006) Christian Friedrich Freyers Bedeutung als Lepidopterologe am Beispiel seiner Lycaeniden. Berichte des Naturwissenschaftlichen Vereins fur Schwaben, 110, 1 - 21." type="journal article" year="2006">2006</bibRefCitation>
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). Mr. Andreas Hecker very kindly took for us a series of pictures of the relevant specimens, which had to be photographed through the glass since the boxes are sealed. These pictures, however, are fully adequate to demonstrate that no specimen of
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<taxonomicName id="4C734D25FF878C38BBDDD4D2FA9BFC01" authorityName="Hubner" authorityYear="1819" box="[1199,1291,981,1007]" class="Insecta" family="Pieridae" genus="Euchloe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="390" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B907EAB4FF878C38BBDDD4D2FA9BFC01" box="[1199,1291,981,1007]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="390">Euchloe</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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surviving in Freyer’s collection corresponds to the original picture and declared type locality (see below). The
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<typeStatus id="54C88804FF878C38BBADD4FEFAD1FBFD" box="[1247,1345,1017,1043]" pageId="3" pageNumber="390" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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of
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<taxonomicName id="4C734D25FF878C38BA14D4FDFEBAFBD9" authorityName="Freyer" authorityYear="1829" class="Insecta" family="Pieridae" genus="Pontia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="390" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="simplonia">
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<emphasis id="B907EAB4FF878C38BA14D4FDFEBAFBD9" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="390">Pontia simplonia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is therefore presumably lost.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BCC36A6FF878C38BFB5D346FF61FADD" blockId="3.[151,1437,729,1763]" pageId="3" pageNumber="390">
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a) In his original description, Freyer declared that he had received a specimen already labelled as ‘Simplonia’, which he thought to represent just a brightly coloured individual of ‘
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<emphasis id="B907EAB4FF878C38BCD3D361FBA9FB91" box="[929,1081,1125,1151]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="390">Pap. Ausonia</emphasis>
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’ Hübner. Yet, he published this name in the caption to his Pl. 73, Fig. 2 to draw the attention of lepidopterists, and to leave them free to choose between either of the two names. One might argue that
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<taxonomicName id="4C734D25FF878C38BD8ED3A9FB9BFB29" authority="Freyer" authorityName="Freyer" authorityYear="1829" box="[764,1035,1197,1223]" class="Insecta" family="Pieridae" genus="Pontia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="390" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="simplonia">
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<emphasis id="B907EAB4FF878C38BD8ED3A9FC2BFB29" box="[764,955,1197,1223]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="390">Pontia simplonia</emphasis>
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Freyer
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</taxonomicName>
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was originally published as a junior synonym (Art. 11.6), but the name remains valid because it was treated as an available name before 1961 and was adopted as the name of a taxon by
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B57FF878C38BD64D3F2FD73FAE1" author="Staudinger, O." box="[534,739,1269,1295]" pageId="3" pageNumber="390" pagination="1 - 411" refId="ref7496" refString="Staudinger, O. (1901) Erster Theil: Famil. Papilionidae-Hepialidae. In: Staudinger, O. & Rebel, H., Catalog der Lepidopteren des Palaearktischen Faunengebietes. Dritte Auflage. R. Friedlander & Sohn, Berlin, pp. i-xxxii + 1 - 411. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 120482" type="book chapter" year="1901">Staudinger (1901)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B57FF878C38BD9FD3F2FC35FAE1" author="Oberthur, C." box="[749,933,1269,1295]" pageId="3" pageNumber="390" pagination="101 - 404" refId="ref7176" refString="Oberthur, C. (1909) Notes pour servir a etablir la faune francaise et algerienne des Lepidopteres. Etudes de Lepidopterologie comparee, 3, 101 - 404." type="journal article" year="1909">Oberthür (1909)</bibRefCitation>
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, Verity (1909), as well as by many other later authors.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BCC36A6FF878C38BFB5D23AFDC7FA09" blockId="3.[151,1437,729,1763]" pageId="3" pageNumber="390">
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Other important problems with Freyer’s name are that i) the accompanying plate is subjectively ambiguous, and ii) in the last line of the text relating to it the author writes: “Pap. Simplonia wurde in Croatien gefangen”, which contrasts with the fact that the taxon currently identified as
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<taxonomicName id="4C734D25FF878C38BC45D282FBFDFA71" authority="(Freyer)" baseAuthorityName="Freyer" baseAuthorityYear="1829" box="[823,1133,1413,1439]" class="Insecta" family="Pieridae" genus="Euchloe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="390" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="simplonia">
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<emphasis id="B907EAB4FF878C38BC45D282FB98FA71" box="[823,1032,1413,1439]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="390">Euchloe simplonia</emphasis>
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(Freyer)
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</taxonomicName>
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occurs only in the western Alps, while only some rare, probably migratory, specimen of
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<taxonomicName id="4C734D25FF878C38BC21D2AEFB81FA2D" authorityName="Hubner" authorityYear="1804" box="[851,1041,1449,1475]" class="Insecta" family="Pieridae" genus="Euchloe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="390" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ausonia">
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<emphasis id="B907EAB4FF878C38BC21D2AEFB81FA2D" box="[851,1041,1449,1475]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="390">Euchloe ausonia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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might occasionally be observed in
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<collectingCountry id="F3647636FF878C38BFE5D2CAFF79FA09" box="[151,233,1485,1511]" name="Croatia" pageId="3" pageNumber="390">Croatia</collectingCountry>
|
||
(see Lorković
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB4FF878C38BEE0D2C9FE38FA09" box="[402,424,1486,1511]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="390">in</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B57FF878C38BEDDD2CAFDDBFA09" author="Higgins, L. G." box="[431,587,1485,1511]" pageId="3" pageNumber="390" pagination="246" refId="ref6390" refString="Higgins, L. G. (1980) Nomenclature of the dappled whites (Lepidoptera: Pieridae). Entomologist's Gazette, 31 (4), 246." type="journal article" year="1980">Higgins 1980</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCC36A6FF878C38BFB5D2F6FCEDF9BA" blockId="3.[151,1437,729,1763]" pageId="3" pageNumber="390">
|
||
b) On the basis of this
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C88804FF878C38BEB8D2F6FE6AF9E5" box="[458,506,1521,1547]" pageId="3" pageNumber="390">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B57FF878C38BD11D2F6FCDAF9E5" author="Higgins, L. G." box="[611,842,1520,1547]" pageId="3" pageNumber="390" pagination="224 - 226" refId="ref6337" refString="Higgins, L. G. (1934) A note on the dates of Hubner's plates. The Entomologist, 67, 224 - 226." type="journal article" year="1934">Higgins (1934: 225)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, identified the taxon represented by this name as the ‘eastern dappled white’, which he considered to represent the correct name for the taxon misidentified as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D25FF878C38BA38D112FF5FF9BD" authorityName="Linnaeus. Therefore" authorityYear="1767" class="Insecta" family="Papilionidae" genus="Papilio" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="390" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="belia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB4FF878C38BA38D112FF5FF9BD" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="390">Papilio belia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by ‘Cramer’ [recte Stoll], 1782 (from “Smyrne”, see below).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCC36A6FF878C38BFB5D15AFC77F975" blockId="3.[151,1437,729,1763]" pageId="3" pageNumber="390">
|
||
c)
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B57FF878C38BF97D15AFE24F999" author="Staudinger, O." box="[229,436,1629,1655]" pageId="3" pageNumber="390" pagination="1 - 411" refId="ref7496" refString="Staudinger, O. (1901) Erster Theil: Famil. Papilionidae-Hepialidae. In: Staudinger, O. & Rebel, H., Catalog der Lepidopteren des Palaearktischen Faunengebietes. Dritte Auflage. R. Friedlander & Sohn, Berlin, pp. i-xxxii + 1 - 411. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 120482" type="book chapter" year="1901">Staudinger (1901)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B57FF878C38BEB2D15AFDCEF999" author="Spuler, A." box="[448,606,1629,1655]" pageId="3" pageNumber="390" refId="ref7474" refString="Spuler, A. (1908) Die Schmetterlinge Europas. I. Band. 385 pp. Schweizerbart, Stuttgart." type="book" year="1908">Spuler (1908)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, Verity (1909),
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B57FF878C38BC62D15AFC5AF999" author="Oberthur, C." box="[784,970,1629,1655]" pageId="3" pageNumber="390" pagination="101 - 404" refId="ref7176" refString="Oberthur, C. (1909) Notes pour servir a etablir la faune francaise et algerienne des Lepidopteres. Etudes de Lepidopterologie comparee, 3, 101 - 404." type="journal article" year="1909">Oberthür (1909)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, Higgins & Riley (1980), etc. considered
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C734D25FF878C38BFE5D185FEC7F975" authorityName="Freyer" authorityYear="1829" box="[151,343,1665,1691]" class="Insecta" family="Pieridae" genus="Pontia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="390" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="simplonia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B907EAB4FF878C38BFE5D185FEC7F975" box="[151,343,1665,1691]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="390">Pontia simplonia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
the correct name for the ‘mountain dappled white’, while:
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCC36A6FF878C38BFB5D1A2FED6F90D" blockId="3.[151,1437,729,1763]" pageId="3" pageNumber="390">
|
||
d) Higgins & Riley (1983) and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE24B57FF878C38BD51D1A2FCBCF951" author="Emmet, A. M. & Heath, J." box="[547,812,1701,1727]" pageId="3" pageNumber="390" refId="ref5607" refString="Emmet, A. M. & Heath, J. (Eds.) (1990) The butterflies of Great Britain and Ireland. Vol. 7. Pt 1. Harley Books, Colchester, 370 pp., 24 pls." type="book" year="1990">Emmet & Heath (1990)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, in contrast, deemed it the correct name for the ‘western dappled white’.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |