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<mods:title id="93A5089E0E200D72659CA24DCBEE23B5">New species, occurrence records and observations of predation by deep-sea Asteroidea (Echinodermata) from the North Atlantic by NOAA ship Okeanos Explorer</mods:title>
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<treatment id="03AE8786FFA4D55BFF40250AFA485DD3" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3803724" ID-GBIF-Taxon="163737323" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3803724" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AE8786FFA4D55BFF40250AFA485DD3" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AE8786FFA4D55BFF40250AFA485DD3" lastPageId="27" lastPageNumber="228" pageId="25" pageNumber="226">
<subSubSection id="C31D651BFFA4D559FF40250AFDD9591F" box="[151,519,1053,1080]" pageId="25" pageNumber="226" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BB83690FFA4D559FF40250AFDD9591F" blockId="25.[151,519,1053,1115]" box="[151,519,1053,1080]" pageId="25" pageNumber="226">
<heading id="D0F081FCFFA4D559FF40250AFDD9591F" bold="true" box="[151,519,1053,1080]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="25" pageNumber="226" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="4C074D13FFA4D559FF40250AFDD9591F" ID-CoL="6J9Y6" authority="Downey 1980" authorityName="Downey" authorityYear="1980" box="[151,519,1053,1080]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Floriaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="25" pageNumber="226" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="maya">
<emphasis id="B973EA82FFA4D559FF40250AFDD9591F" bold="true" box="[151,519,1053,1080]" pageId="25" pageNumber="226">
<emphasis id="B973EA82FFA4D559FF40250AFE865910" bold="true" box="[151,344,1053,1080]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="226">Floriaster maya</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF964B61FFA4D559FEB72509FDD9591F" author="Downey, M. E." box="[352,519,1053,1080]" pageId="25" pageNumber="226" pagination="346 - 349" refId="ref28452" refString="Downey, M. E. (1980) Floriaster maya, new genus and species of the family Goniasteridae (Echinodermata: Asteroidea). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 93, 346 - 349." type="journal article" year="1980">Downey 1980</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C31D651BFFA4D559FF402556FEE85973" box="[151,310,1089,1115]" pageId="25" pageNumber="226" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BB83690FFA4D559FF402556FEE85973" blockId="25.[151,519,1053,1115]" box="[151,310,1089,1115]" pageId="25" pageNumber="226">
<figureCitation id="133C2A15FFA4D559FF402556FF215973" box="[151,255,1089,1115]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="26.[151,250,1881,1906]" captionTargetBox="[162,1428,189,1849]" captionTargetId="figure@26.[151,1436,181,1855]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIGURE 11. Floriaster maya. A. In situ feeding observation Berg Bits. B. In situ feeding observation Mona South Ridge, 1156 m. C. Abactinal surface. Scale bar=1.0 cm. D. Actinal surface. Scale bar=1.0 cm. E. Abactinal-lateral surface. Scale bar=0.5 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3764040" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3764040/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="226">Figure 11</figureCitation>
AE
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31D651BFFA4D559FF40259DFA8E5853" pageId="25" pageNumber="226" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BB83690FFA4D559FF40259DFED3598C" blockId="25.[151,1437,1162,1404]" box="[151,269,1162,1188]" pageId="25" pageNumber="226">
<emphasis id="B973EA82FFA4D559FF40259DFED3598C" box="[151,269,1162,1188]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="226">Comments</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB83690FFA4D559FF1025BAFA8E5853" blockId="25.[151,1437,1162,1404]" pageId="25" pageNumber="226">
<taxonomicName id="4C074D13FFA4D559FF1025BAFEA559EF" authorityName="Downey" authorityYear="1980" box="[199,379,1197,1223]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Floriaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="25" pageNumber="226" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="maya">
<emphasis id="B973EA82FFA4D559FF1025BAFEA559EF" box="[199,379,1197,1223]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="226">Floriaster maya</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has only previously been known from the type locality at the southern end of the
<collectingRegion id="49C3F872FFA4D559FB2F25B9FA8C59E0" box="[1272,1362,1198,1224]" country="Mexico" name="Yucatan" pageId="25" pageNumber="226">Yucatan</collectingRegion>
Channel. These observations are the first
<emphasis id="B973EA82FFA4D559FDF325C5FDB659C3" box="[548,616,1234,1259]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="226">in situ</emphasis>
observations of this species and represent new occurrence records outside of the type locality. This species was recognized by the triangular arms (
<figureCitation id="133C2A15FFA4D559FC1E25E2FBF95827" box="[969,1063,1269,1295]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="26.[151,250,1881,1906]" captionTargetBox="[162,1428,189,1849]" captionTargetId="figure@26.[151,1436,181,1855]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIGURE 11. Floriaster maya. A. In situ feeding observation Berg Bits. B. In situ feeding observation Mona South Ridge, 1156 m. C. Abactinal surface. Scale bar=1.0 cm. D. Actinal surface. Scale bar=1.0 cm. E. Abactinal-lateral surface. Scale bar=0.5 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3764040" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3764040/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="226">Fig 11C</figureCitation>
), prominent pointed tubercles on the marginal plate series (
<figureCitation id="133C2A15FFA4D559FE62240EFDC6581B" box="[437,536,1305,1331]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="26.[151,250,1881,1906]" captionTargetBox="[162,1428,189,1849]" captionTargetId="figure@26.[151,1436,181,1855]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIGURE 11. Floriaster maya. A. In situ feeding observation Berg Bits. B. In situ feeding observation Mona South Ridge, 1156 m. C. Abactinal surface. Scale bar=1.0 cm. D. Actinal surface. Scale bar=1.0 cm. E. Abactinal-lateral surface. Scale bar=0.5 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3764040" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3764040/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="226">Fig. 11E</figureCitation>
), the granular covering on the abactinal disk surface and the rugose granules and spines present on the actinal plate surface (
<figureCitation id="133C2A15FFA4D559FD54242AFD36587F" box="[643,744,1341,1367]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="26.[151,250,1881,1906]" captionTargetBox="[162,1428,189,1849]" captionTargetId="figure@26.[151,1436,181,1855]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIGURE 11. Floriaster maya. A. In situ feeding observation Berg Bits. B. In situ feeding observation Mona South Ridge, 1156 m. C. Abactinal surface. Scale bar=1.0 cm. D. Actinal surface. Scale bar=1.0 cm. E. Abactinal-lateral surface. Scale bar=0.5 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3764040" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3764040/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="226">Fig. 11E</figureCitation>
). Adambulacral pedicellariae abundance is higher in the collected specimen (USNM 1607582) but in all other respects, the specimen is nearly identical to the
<typeStatus id="54BC8832FFA4D559FB302476FA935853" box="[1255,1357,1377,1403]" pageId="25" pageNumber="226" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31D651BFFA4D559FF4024BEFAEB5B7B" pageId="25" pageNumber="226" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="8BB83690FFA4D559FF4024BEFE5158EB" blockId="25.[151,1436,1449,1620]" box="[151,399,1449,1475]" pageId="25" pageNumber="226">
<emphasis id="B973EA82FFA4D559FF4024BEFE5158EB" box="[151,399,1449,1475]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="226">Feeding Observations</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB83690FFA4D559FF1024DAFAEB5B7B" blockId="25.[151,1436,1449,1620]" pageId="25" pageNumber="226">
Of the four observations of this species, two observations showed this species perched vertically on what appear to be dead
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<emphasis id="B973EA82FFA4D559FE9B24E6FE6E5B23" box="[332,432,1521,1547]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="226">Lophelia</emphasis>
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corals (
<figureCitation id="133C2A15FFA4D559FDDD24E6FDAE5B23" box="[522,624,1521,1547]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="26.[151,250,1881,1906]" captionTargetBox="[162,1428,189,1849]" captionTargetId="figure@26.[151,1436,181,1855]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIGURE 11. Floriaster maya. A. In situ feeding observation Berg Bits. B. In situ feeding observation Mona South Ridge, 1156 m. C. Abactinal surface. Scale bar=1.0 cm. D. Actinal surface. Scale bar=1.0 cm. E. Abactinal-lateral surface. Scale bar=0.5 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3764040" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3764040/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="226">Fig. 11A</figureCitation>
) with a second feeding observation showing an individual perched on a bamboo coral stalk (
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) (
<figureCitation id="133C2A15FFA4D559FE382702FD8B5B07" box="[495,597,1557,1583]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="26.[151,250,1881,1906]" captionTargetBox="[162,1428,189,1849]" captionTargetId="figure@26.[151,1436,181,1855]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIGURE 11. Floriaster maya. A. In situ feeding observation Berg Bits. B. In situ feeding observation Mona South Ridge, 1156 m. C. Abactinal surface. Scale bar=1.0 cm. D. Actinal surface. Scale bar=1.0 cm. E. Abactinal-lateral surface. Scale bar=0.5 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3764040" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3764040/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="226">Fig. 11B</figureCitation>
). This likely indicates feeding by
<taxonomicName id="4C074D13FFA4D559FC052702FB9A5B07" authorityName="Downey" authorityYear="1980" box="[978,1092,1557,1583]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Floriaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="25" pageNumber="226" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B973EA82FFA4D559FC052702FB9A5B07" box="[978,1092,1557,1583]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="226">Floriaster</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
on the polyps of the coral, but could also be feeding on epizoites, such as hydroids or other organic film, growing on the dead skeletons.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31D651BFFA4D559FF402795FEF55BE8" pageId="25" pageNumber="226" type="distribution">
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<emphasis id="B973EA82FFA4D559FF402795FEFD5BB4" box="[151,291,1666,1692]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="226">Occurrence:</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B973EA82FFA4D559FEF92795FDCB5BB4" bold="true" box="[302,533,1665,1692]" pageId="25" pageNumber="226">Mona South Ridge</emphasis>
, Berg Bits, off Southeastern
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, southern end of Yucatan Channel.
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933
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.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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<emphasis id="B973EA82FFA4D559FF4027F9FE815A2F" box="[151,351,1773,1799]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="226">Images Examined</emphasis>
</paragraph>
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<collectingRegion id="49C3F872FFA4D559FF102605FED65A04" box="[199,264,1810,1836]" country="United Kingdom" name="Isle of Anglesey" pageId="25" pageNumber="226">Mona</collectingRegion>
South Ridge,
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,
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,
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB83690FFA4D559FF102622FCBA5A78" blockId="25.[151,1437,1773,2015]" box="[199,868,1845,1872]" pageId="25" pageNumber="226">
EX1811_IMG_20181117T
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Z_ROVHD.jpg (feeding)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB83690FFA4D559FF10264DFF655ABF" blockId="25.[151,1437,1773,2015]" pageId="25" pageNumber="226">
Berg Bits off SE
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,
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,
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, EX1907_IMG_20191119T145056Z_ROVHD. jpg
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB83690FFA4D559FF1026B5FF655AF7" blockId="25.[151,1437,1773,2015]" pageId="25" pageNumber="226">
Berg Bits off SE
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,
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,
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,
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, EX1907_IMG_20191119T183826Z_ROVHD. jpg
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF786618FFA7D55AFF40264EFF635A91" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3764040" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3764040" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3764040/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="227" startId="26.[151,250,1881,1906]" targetBox="[162,1428,189,1849]" targetPageId="26">
<paragraph id="8BB83690FFA7D55AFF40264EFF635A91" blockId="26.[151,1437,1881,1977]" pageId="26" pageNumber="227">
<emphasis id="B973EA82FFA7D55AFF40264EFE305A5A" bold="true" box="[151,494,1881,1906]" pageId="26" pageNumber="227">
FIGURE 11.
<taxonomicName id="4C074D13FFA7D55AFEF4264EFE175A59" authorityName="Downey" authorityYear="1980" box="[291,457,1881,1906]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Floriaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="26" pageNumber="227" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="maya">
<emphasis id="B973EA82FFA7D55AFEF4264EFE175A59" bold="true" box="[291,457,1881,1906]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="227">Floriaster maya</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. A.
</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B973EA82FFA7D55AFE23264DFDED5A59" box="[500,563,1882,1905]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="227">In situ</emphasis>
feeding observation Berg Bits.
<emphasis id="B973EA82FFA7D55AFCA6264EFC565A59" bold="true" box="[881,904,1881,1905]" pageId="26" pageNumber="227">B.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B973EA82FFA7D55AFC59264DFC105A59" box="[910,974,1882,1905]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="227">In situ</emphasis>
feeding observation Mona South Ridge, 1156 m.
<emphasis id="B973EA82FFA7D55AFF6E266AFF0C5ABE" bold="true" box="[185,210,1917,1942]" pageId="26" pageNumber="227">C.</emphasis>
Abactinal surface. Scale bar=1.0 cm.
<emphasis id="B973EA82FFA7D55AFD8A266AFDA85ABD" bold="true" box="[605,630,1917,1941]" pageId="26" pageNumber="227">D.</emphasis>
Actinal surface. Scale bar=1.0 cm.
<emphasis id="B973EA82FFA7D55AFC3F266AFC215ABD" bold="true" box="[1000,1023,1917,1941]" pageId="26" pageNumber="227">E.</emphasis>
Abactinal-lateral surface. Scale bar=0.5 cm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C31D651BFFA6D55BFF40218EFA485DD3" pageId="27" pageNumber="228" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BB83690FFA6D55BFF40218EFEAE5D9B" blockId="27.[151,1436,153,251]" box="[151,368,153,179]" pageId="27" pageNumber="228">
<emphasis id="B973EA82FFA6D55BFF40218EFEAE5D9B" box="[151,368,153,179]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="228">Material Examined</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB83690FFA6D55BFF1021AAFA485DD3" blockId="27.[151,1436,153,251]" pageId="27" pageNumber="228">
USNM 1607582 Berg Bits, off SE
<collectingCountry id="F3107600FFA6D55BFD9221AAFD035DFF" box="[581,733,189,215]" name="United States of America" pageId="27" pageNumber="228">United States</collectingCountry>
.
<geoCoordinate id="EE335057FFA6D55BFD3121AAFC9A5DFF" box="[742,836,189,215]" degrees="23.9832" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="228" precision="5" value="23.9832">23.9832</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE335057FFA6D55BFC9A21AAFC6B5DFF" box="[845,949,189,215]" degrees="83.3927" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="228" precision="5" value="-83.3927">-83.3927</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="4CFF9B75FFA6D55BFC6921AAFBDD5DFF" box="[958,1027,189,215]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.29" pageId="27" pageNumber="228" unit="m" value="929.0">929 m</quantity>
Coll. ROV
<emphasis id="B973EA82FFA6D55BFB5221A9FA9E5DFF" box="[1157,1344,190,215]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="228">Deep Discoverer</emphasis>
, NOAA Ship
<taxonomicName id="4C074D13FFA6D55BFF0521F6FE435DD3" authority="Explorer" authorityName="Explorer" box="[210,413,225,251]" class="Insecta" family="Pentatomidae" genus="Okeanos" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="228" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B973EA82FFA6D55BFF0521F6FE435DD3" box="[210,413,225,251]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="228">Okeanos Explorer</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<date id="FFB91050FFA6D55BFE7C21F6FD9E5DD3" box="[427,576,225,251]" pageId="27" pageNumber="228" value="2019-11-19">19 Nov 2019</date>
, 1 wet spec. R=3.6 r=1.7. EX1907_IMG_20191119T160037Z_ROVHD.jpg
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>