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<mods:title id="62FBA24E026CC0D993ABD86ABA9A1BB7">Systematics and Phylogeny of Leptomorphus Curtis (Diptera: Mycetophilidae) 3549</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="C35C1854F6349C5B441CD9316105A68A">Borkent, Christopher J.</mods:namePart>
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<subSubSection id="0A87655562579D24EECCF88BFD22ED35" box="[151,763,1818,1845]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="422236DE62579D24EECCF88BFD22ED35" blockId="54.[151,763,1818,1878]" box="[151,763,1818,1845]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
<heading id="196A81B262579D24EECCF88BFD22ED35" bold="true" box="[151,763,1818,1845]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" reason="1">
<emphasis id="70E9EACC62579D24EECCF88BFD22ED35" bold="true" box="[151,763,1818,1845]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
27.
<taxonomicName id="859D4D5D62579D24EE98F88AFD87ED35" ID-CoL="8CJ4F" authority="Borkent" authorityName="Borkent" authorityYear="2012" box="[195,606,1818,1845]" class="Insecta" family="Mycetophilidae" genus="Leptomorphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="perplexus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="70E9EACC62579D24EE98F88AFE36ED34" bold="true" box="[195,495,1819,1845]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Leptomorphus perplexus</emphasis>
Borkent
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="6BDA57B762579D24EC30F88BFD22ED35" box="[619,763,1818,1844]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0A87655562579D24EECCF8AFFDC4ED57" box="[151,541,1854,1878]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" type="description">
<paragraph id="422236DE62579D24EECCF8AFFDC4ED57" blockId="54.[151,763,1818,1878]" box="[151,541,1854,1878]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
(
<figureCitation id="DAA62A5B62579D24EEC5F8AFFEC0ED57" box="[158,281,1854,1878]" captionStart="FIGURES 3033" captionStartId="89.[151,263,1758,1781]" captionTargetBox="[157,1431,223,1729]" captionTargetId="figure-41@89.[151,1436,217,1737]" captionTargetPageId="89" captionText="FIGURES 3033. Leptomorphus habitus. 30. L. ornatus, female. 31. L. panorpiformis, male. 32. L. perplexus, paratype female. 33. L. quadrimaculatus, male." pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Figures 32</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="DAA62A5B62579D24EF7EF8AFFE9AED57" box="[293,323,1854,1878]" captionStart="FIGURES 5669" captionStartId="93.[151,263,1811,1834]" captionTargetBox="[176,1418,181,1790]" captionTargetId="figure-173@93.[176,1420,181,1791]" captionTargetPageId="93" captionText="FIGURES 5669. Leptomorphus wings. 56. L. furcatus paratype male, dorsal. 57. L. gracilis, ventral. 58. L. grjebinei, ventral. 59. L. hyalinus, ventral. 60. L. magnificus, ventral. 61. L. mandelai holotype male, ventral. 62. L. medleri, ventral. 63. L. nebulosus dark form, dorsal. Arrow indicates cell r4 (contains an extra vein in this specimen). 64. L. nebulosus light form, dorsal. 65. L. neivai ventral. 66. L. obscurus ventral. 67. L. ornatus ventral. 68. L. panorpiformis ventral. 69. L. perplexus paratype female, dorsal. Abbreviations: A1, A2 = Anal veins; C = costa; CuA = anterior branch of cubitus; CuP = posterior branch of cubitus; h = humeral crossvein; M1,M2,M4, = branches of the media; r-m = radial-medial crossvein; Rs = radial sector vein; R1, R4, R5 = branches of the radius; Sc = subcosta; sc-r = subcostal-radial crossvein." pageId="54" pageNumber="55">69</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="DAA62A5B62579D24EF14F8AFFEB4ED57" box="[335,365,1854,1878]" captionStart="FIGURES 7881" captionStartId="95.[151,263,1524,1547]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1503]" captionTargetId="figure-60@95.[151,1436,193,1503]" captionTargetPageId="95" captionText="FIGURES 7881. Leptomorphus morphology. 7879. Dorsal view of head showing ocelli placement and arrangement. 78. L. tabatius. 79. L. perplexus. 8081. Dorsal view of scutum. 80. L. fasciculatus showing covering of fine trichia. 81. L. stigmatus showing pattern and lack of setae or trichia." pageId="54" pageNumber="55">79</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="DAA62A5B62579D24EF22F8AFFE7CED57" box="[377,421,1854,1878]" captionStart="FIGURE 147149" captionStartId="112.[151,249,1697,1720]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1676]" captionTargetId="figure-43@112.[151,1436,193,1676]" captionTargetPageId="112" captionText="FIGURE 147149. Distribution of Nearctic Leptomorphus. 147. L. bifasciatus (red triangle). 148. L. furcatus (black circle), L. perplexus (red square). 149. L. hyalinus (blue square)." pageId="54" pageNumber="55">148</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="DAA62A5B62579D24EFEAF8AFFE04ED57" box="[433,477,1854,1878]" captionStart="FIGURE 150" captionStartId="113.[151,250,1941,1964]" captionTargetBox="[243,1336,190,1897]" captionTargetId="figure-51@113.[220,1371,151,1934]" captionTargetPageId="113" captionText="FIGURE 150. Strict consensus tree of three equally parsimonious trees found in the phylogenetic analysis. Bremer support values are shown above the branches and bootstrap values&gt;50% are shown in bold below the branches." pageId="54" pageNumber="55">150</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="DAA62A5B62579D24EFB2F8AFFDCDED57" box="[489,532,1854,1878]" captionStart="FIGURE 151" captionStartId="114.[151,249,837,860]" captionTargetBox="[152,1426,191,789]" captionTargetId="figure-107@114.[150,1435,176,802]" captionTargetPageId="114" captionText="FIGURE 151. One of three equally parsimonious trees showing the relationships at the base of the tree between L. perplexus and the four major species groups. Character state changes are indicated on each branch by a black bar. Uniquely derived synapomorphies are indicated in bold and with an asterisk." pageId="54" pageNumber="55">151</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0A87655562579D25EECCF814FE00EB43" lastPageId="55" lastPageNumber="56" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="422236DE62579D24EECCF814FEEFEDE9" blockId="54.[151,1436,1925,2024]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
<emphasis id="70E9EACC62579D24EECCF814FEEDED9F" bold="true" box="[151,308,1925,1950]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">DIAGNOSIS</emphasis>
: The only extant species of
<taxonomicName id="859D4D5D62579D24EC2AF817FCCAED9F" authorityName=": Edwards" authorityYear="1925" box="[625,787,1926,1950]" class="Insecta" family="Mycetophilidae" genus="Leptomorphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="70E9EACC62579D24EC2AF817FCCAED9F" box="[625,787,1926,1950]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Leptomorphus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with R
<subScript id="DE19349B62579D24ED3DF804FCB7EDA2" attach="left" box="[870,878,1941,1955]" fontSize="6" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">4</subScript>
that has foretarsomere I shorter in length than the forefemur, the lateral ocelli placed less than their own diameter from the eye margin (
<figureCitation id="DAA62A5B62579D24EA31F83DFB66EDC5" box="[1130,1215,1964,1988]" captionStart="FIGURES 7881" captionStartId="95.[151,263,1524,1547]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1503]" captionTargetId="figure-60@95.[151,1436,193,1503]" captionTargetPageId="95" captionText="FIGURES 7881. Leptomorphus morphology. 7879. Dorsal view of head showing ocelli placement and arrangement. 78. L. tabatius. 79. L. perplexus. 8081. Dorsal view of scutum. 80. L. fasciculatus showing covering of fine trichia. 81. L. stigmatus showing pattern and lack of setae or trichia." pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Fig. 79</figureCitation>
), and no dark wing spot (
<figureCitation id="DAA62A5B62579D24EE8EF841FEF0EDE9" box="[213,297,2000,2024]" captionStart="FIGURES 5669" captionStartId="93.[151,263,1811,1834]" captionTargetBox="[176,1418,181,1790]" captionTargetId="figure-173@93.[176,1420,181,1791]" captionTargetPageId="93" captionText="FIGURES 5669. Leptomorphus wings. 56. L. furcatus paratype male, dorsal. 57. L. gracilis, ventral. 58. L. grjebinei, ventral. 59. L. hyalinus, ventral. 60. L. magnificus, ventral. 61. L. mandelai holotype male, ventral. 62. L. medleri, ventral. 63. L. nebulosus dark form, dorsal. Arrow indicates cell r4 (contains an extra vein in this specimen). 64. L. nebulosus light form, dorsal. 65. L. neivai ventral. 66. L. obscurus ventral. 67. L. ornatus ventral. 68. L. panorpiformis ventral. 69. L. perplexus paratype female, dorsal. Abbreviations: A1, A2 = Anal veins; C = costa; CuA = anterior branch of cubitus; CuP = posterior branch of cubitus; h = humeral crossvein; M1,M2,M4, = branches of the media; r-m = radial-medial crossvein; Rs = radial sector vein; R1, R4, R5 = branches of the radius; Sc = subcosta; sc-r = subcostal-radial crossvein." pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Fig. 69</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="422236DE62569D25EE9CFF06FE00EB43" blockId="55.[151,1437,151,2023]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
This species is most easily confused with either the light form of
<taxonomicName id="859D4D5D62569D25EDFCFF08FBECEAB1" authorityName=": Matile" authorityYear="1977" box="[935,1077,152,176]" class="Insecta" family="Mycetophilidae" genus="Leptomorphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nebulosus">
<emphasis id="70E9EACC62569D25EDFCFF08FBECEAB1" box="[935,1077,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">L. nebulosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="DAA62A5B62569D25EA1EFF06FB4EEAAE" box="[1093,1175,151,175]" captionStart="FIGURES 2429" captionStartId="88.[151,263,1982,2005]" captionTargetBox="[153,1435,183,1959]" captionTargetId="figure-54@88.[151,1436,181,1961]" captionTargetPageId="88" captionText="FIGURES 2429. Leptomorphus habitus. 24. L. nebulosus, female, dark form. 25. L. nebulosus, male, dark form. 26. L. nebulosus, female, common colour. 27. L. nebulosus, male, light form. 28. L. obscurus, male. 29. L. neivai, male." pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Fig. 27</figureCitation>
) or
<taxonomicName id="859D4D5D62569D25EA9DFF08FA86EAB1" authorityName=": Matile" authorityYear="1977" box="[1222,1375,152,176]" class="Insecta" family="Mycetophilidae" genus="Leptomorphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magnificus">
<emphasis id="70E9EACC62569D25EA9DFF08FA86EAB1" box="[1222,1375,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">L. magnificus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="DAA62A5B62569D25EB35FF06FF6FEAD5" captionStart="FIGURES 2023" captionStartId="87.[151,263,1643,1666]" captionTargetBox="[153,1436,215,1620]" captionTargetId="figure-41@87.[151,1436,213,1622]" captionTargetPageId="87" captionText="FIGURES 2023. Leptomorphus habitus. 20. L. hyalinus, male. 21. L. magnificus, male. 22. L. medleri, male. 23. L. mandelai, holotype male." pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Fig. 21</figureCitation>
). It can be distinguished from the former by the lack of any dark markings on the scutum and the monochromatic antennae (
<figureCitation id="DAA62A5B62569D25EFE4FF4EFDCDEAF6" box="[447,532,223,247]" captionStart="FIGURES 3033" captionStartId="89.[151,263,1758,1781]" captionTargetBox="[157,1431,223,1729]" captionTargetId="figure-41@89.[151,1436,217,1737]" captionTargetPageId="89" captionText="FIGURES 3033. Leptomorphus habitus. 30. L. ornatus, female. 31. L. panorpiformis, male. 32. L. perplexus, paratype female. 33. L. quadrimaculatus, male." pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Fig. 32</figureCitation>
). It differs from the latter species by the yellow head, the sinusoidal R
<subScript id="DE19349B62569D25EB44FF7EFAFEEAFC" attach="left" box="[1311,1319,239,253]" fontSize="6" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">5</subScript>
wing vein (
<figureCitation id="DAA62A5B62569D25EEC4FE96FF2BEB1E" box="[159,242,263,287]" captionStart="FIGURES 5669" captionStartId="93.[151,263,1811,1834]" captionTargetBox="[176,1418,181,1790]" captionTargetId="figure-173@93.[176,1420,181,1791]" captionTargetPageId="93" captionText="FIGURES 5669. Leptomorphus wings. 56. L. furcatus paratype male, dorsal. 57. L. gracilis, ventral. 58. L. grjebinei, ventral. 59. L. hyalinus, ventral. 60. L. magnificus, ventral. 61. L. mandelai holotype male, ventral. 62. L. medleri, ventral. 63. L. nebulosus dark form, dorsal. Arrow indicates cell r4 (contains an extra vein in this specimen). 64. L. nebulosus light form, dorsal. 65. L. neivai ventral. 66. L. obscurus ventral. 67. L. ornatus ventral. 68. L. panorpiformis ventral. 69. L. perplexus paratype female, dorsal. Abbreviations: A1, A2 = Anal veins; C = costa; CuA = anterior branch of cubitus; CuP = posterior branch of cubitus; h = humeral crossvein; M1,M2,M4, = branches of the media; r-m = radial-medial crossvein; Rs = radial sector vein; R1, R4, R5 = branches of the radius; Sc = subcosta; sc-r = subcostal-radial crossvein." pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Fig. 69</figureCitation>
) and the placement of the lateral ocelli approximately their own diameter away from the eye margin and the median ocellus (
<figureCitation id="DAA62A5B62569D25EF23FEBBFE15EB43" box="[376,460,298,322]" captionStart="FIGURES 7881" captionStartId="95.[151,263,1524,1547]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1503]" captionTargetId="figure-60@95.[151,1436,193,1503]" captionTargetPageId="95" captionText="FIGURES 7881. Leptomorphus morphology. 7879. Dorsal view of head showing ocelli placement and arrangement. 78. L. tabatius. 79. L. perplexus. 8081. Dorsal view of scutum. 80. L. fasciculatus showing covering of fine trichia. 81. L. stigmatus showing pattern and lack of setae or trichia." pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Fig. 79</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0A87655562569D25EE9CFEDFFE1BEFED" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" type="description">
<paragraph id="422236DE62569D25EE9CFEDFFBD2EFA5" blockId="55.[151,1437,151,2023]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
<emphasis id="70E9EACC62569D25EE9CFEDFFE50EB66" bold="true" box="[199,393,334,359]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">DESCRIPTION</emphasis>
:
<emphasis id="70E9EACC62569D25EFC3FEDEFE32EB66" box="[408,491,335,359]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Female</emphasis>
. (
<figureCitation id="DAA62A5B62569D25EC59FEDEFD8DEB66" box="[514,596,335,359]" captionStart="FIGURES 3033" captionStartId="89.[151,263,1758,1781]" captionTargetBox="[157,1431,223,1729]" captionTargetId="figure-41@89.[151,1436,217,1737]" captionTargetPageId="89" captionText="FIGURES 3033. Leptomorphus habitus. 30. L. ornatus, female. 31. L. panorpiformis, male. 32. L. perplexus, paratype female. 33. L. quadrimaculatus, male." pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Fig. 32</figureCitation>
)
<emphasis id="70E9EACC62569D25EC3FFEDEFD7AEB66" bold="true" box="[612,675,335,359]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Head</emphasis>
: (
<figureCitation id="DAA62A5B62569D25ECE0FEDEFCD4EB66" box="[699,781,335,359]" captionStart="FIGURES 7881" captionStartId="95.[151,263,1524,1547]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1503]" captionTargetId="figure-60@95.[151,1436,193,1503]" captionTargetPageId="95" captionText="FIGURES 7881. Leptomorphus morphology. 7879. Dorsal view of head showing ocelli placement and arrangement. 78. L. tabatius. 79. L. perplexus. 8081. Dorsal view of scutum. 80. L. fasciculatus showing covering of fine trichia. 81. L. stigmatus showing pattern and lack of setae or trichia." pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Fig. 79</figureCitation>
) yellow-orange, circular in anterior view. Antenna brown; scape yellow, with yellow setae on entire surface except basal 1/4, anterobasal patch of setulae present; pedicel yellow, with 12 large bristles, few setae on apicodorsal margin, patch of fine setae apicoventrally; flagellomere 1 with tapered base yellow remainder brown; flagellomere 6 1.3X as long as broad. Clypeus yellow, circular, strongly protruding; bristles on clypeus light brown, both strong, smaller bristles on entire surface, all directed ventrally, clypeus 2X as long as face. Face yellow; shape a slightly wider than tall triangle, with fine bristles covering face. Frons yellow; with many bristles covering ventral half, frontal furrow running 1/101/4 distance from dorsal margin towards ventral margin, frontal cleft faint running to lateral ocellus. Palpus yellow; segment 1 hidden behind eye, segments increasing in length, segment 5 1.5X length of segment 4 with even width from base to apex, segment 3 appears to have large lateral patch of fine yellow setae not clearly delimited and interspersed with dark setae. Labellum yellow. Eye with many long inter-ommatidial setulae (in most inter-ommatidial junctions) on all but medial margin. Occiput yellow with appressed, anteriorly directed setae. Ocelli in a straight line, space between ocelli 11.5X diameter of laterals, lateral ocelli 0.5X their own diameter from eye margin, ocellar triangle brown ring around each ocelli but not overlapping other ocelli.
<emphasis id="70E9EACC62569D25ED4AFCB2FCB0E93A" bold="true" box="[785,873,803,827]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Thorax</emphasis>
: Length
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(
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, n = 4). Yellow. Scutum yellow; surface of scutum covered with small setae; acrostichal setae vaguely present; dorsocentral setae probably present but not clearly distinguishable from other setae; multiple rows of lateral setae present; patch of setae on scutum at wing base present. Scutellum yellow; with 810 large bristles and many small bristles. Prescutum yellow. Mediotergite yellow with 2228 bristles on posterior third, absent. Laterotergite yellow; anterior margin of laterotergite not reaching katepisternum. Anepimeron yellow. Anepisternum yellow. Katepisternum yellow. Antepronotum and proepisternum yellow. Margin of anterior and posterior spiracles yellow with yellow trichia. Metepisternum yellow. Anapleural suture straight and clear. Halter yellow.
<emphasis id="70E9EACC62569D25EA2EFB8EFB74EE36" bold="true" box="[1141,1197,1055,1079]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Legs</emphasis>
: principally yellow; extreme anteroapical corner light brown on hind femur, on other femora yellow. Midfemur without apical spine-like process. Tibia with covering of brown macrotrichia, tibial spurs yellow to light brown, foretibial spur length 2.5X apical thickness of foretibia, shortest midtibial spur subequal to length of longest, longest midtibial spur 5X apical thickness of midtibia, shortest hind tibial spur 0.85X length of longest, longest hind tibial spur 5X apical thickness of hind tibia. Foreleg first tarsomere 0.9X length of foretibia.
<emphasis id="70E9EACC62569D25ED12FB43FC50EEEA" bold="true" box="[841,905,1234,1259]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Wing</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="DAA62A5B62569D25EDC2FB43FC34EEEB" box="[921,1005,1234,1258]" captionStart="FIGURES 5669" captionStartId="93.[151,263,1811,1834]" captionTargetBox="[176,1418,181,1790]" captionTargetId="figure-173@93.[176,1420,181,1791]" captionTargetPageId="93" captionText="FIGURES 5669. Leptomorphus wings. 56. L. furcatus paratype male, dorsal. 57. L. gracilis, ventral. 58. L. grjebinei, ventral. 59. L. hyalinus, ventral. 60. L. magnificus, ventral. 61. L. mandelai holotype male, ventral. 62. L. medleri, ventral. 63. L. nebulosus dark form, dorsal. Arrow indicates cell r4 (contains an extra vein in this specimen). 64. L. nebulosus light form, dorsal. 65. L. neivai ventral. 66. L. obscurus ventral. 67. L. ornatus ventral. 68. L. panorpiformis ventral. 69. L. perplexus paratype female, dorsal. Abbreviations: A1, A2 = Anal veins; C = costa; CuA = anterior branch of cubitus; CuP = posterior branch of cubitus; h = humeral crossvein; M1,M2,M4, = branches of the media; r-m = radial-medial crossvein; Rs = radial sector vein; R1, R4, R5 = branches of the radius; Sc = subcosta; sc-r = subcostal-radial crossvein." pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Fig. 69</figureCitation>
): Length
<quantity id="85659B3B62569D25EA0CFB43FB75EEEB" box="[1111,1196,1234,1258]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.6" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" unit="mm" value="6.6">6.6 mm</quantity>
(6.0
<quantity id="85659B3B62569D25EAB5FB43FA9FEEEB" box="[1262,1350,1234,1258]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.9" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" unit="mm" value="6.9">6.9 mm</quantity>
, n = 4). Hyaline; apical macula absent; medial macula absent. Macrotrichia in all cells. Setae on basal posterior margin of wing (along base of cell a) alternating long, short. Calypter with group of macrotrichia. Vein sc-r present, apical end joining R
<subScript id="DE19349B62569D25EF5BFADFFED1EF5D" attach="left" box="[256,264,1358,1372]" fontSize="6" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">1</subScript>
at least 3X its own length after origin of Rs. R
<subScript id="DE19349B62569D25ED4EFADFFCC4EF5D" attach="left" box="[789,797,1358,1372]" fontSize="6" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">4</subScript>
present. R
<subScript id="DE19349B62569D25EDC8FADFFC42EF5D" attach="left" box="[915,923,1358,1372]" fontSize="6" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">5</subScript>
slightly sinusoidal. M
<subScript id="DE19349B62569D25EACEFADFFB44EF5D" attach="left" box="[1173,1181,1358,1372]" fontSize="6" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">1</subScript>
reaching apex at same level as R
<subScript id="DE19349B62569D25EF51FAE4FECBEF82" attach="left" box="[266,274,1397,1411]" fontSize="6" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">5</subScript>
, apices of M veins clearly reaching wing margin. M
<subScript id="DE19349B62569D25ED28FAE4FCA2EF82" attach="left" box="[883,891,1397,1411]" fontSize="6" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">4</subScript>
-CuA fork arising well before origin of r-m. A
<subScript id="DE19349B62569D25EBCFFAE4FA45EF82" attach="left" box="[1428,1436,1397,1411]" fontSize="6" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">2</subScript>
present.
<emphasis id="70E9EACC62569D25EEAEFA1DFEB0EFA4" bold="true" box="[245,361,1420,1445]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Abdomen</emphasis>
: Tergites principally yellow, T1 light brown. Cercus yellow.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="422236DE62569D25EE9CFA21FE5DEFC9" blockId="55.[151,1437,151,2023]" box="[199,388,1456,1480]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
<emphasis id="70E9EACC62569D25EE9CFA21FED1EFC9" box="[199,264,1456,1480]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Male.</emphasis>
Unknown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="422236DE62569D25EE9CFA44FE1BEFED" blockId="55.[151,1437,151,2023]" box="[199,450,1492,1516]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
<emphasis id="70E9EACC62569D25EE9CFA44FEE7EFED" box="[199,318,1493,1516]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Immatures</emphasis>
. Unknown.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0A87655562569D25EE9CFA69FE16EC11" box="[199,463,1528,1553]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="422236DE62569D25EE9CFA69FE16EC11" blockId="55.[151,1437,151,2023]" box="[199,463,1528,1553]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
<emphasis id="70E9EACC62569D25EE9CFA69FE93EC10" bold="true" box="[199,330,1528,1553]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">BIOLOGY</emphasis>
: Unknown.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0A87655562569D25EE9CF98DFB78EC35" box="[199,1185,1564,1589]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="422236DE62569D25EE9CF98DFB78EC35" blockId="55.[151,1437,151,2023]" box="[199,1185,1564,1589]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
<emphasis id="70E9EACC62569D25EE9CF98DFE4FEC34" bold="true" box="[199,406,1564,1589]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">DISTRIBUTION</emphasis>
:
<materialsCitation id="F2F53C8362569D25EFFEF98DFB44EC35" box="[421,1181,1564,1588]" country="United States of America" county="Tuolumne Co." elevation="750" location="Amador Co." pageId="55" pageNumber="56" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="California">
<collectingRegion id="8059F83C62569D25EFFEF98DFDC3EC35" box="[421,538,1564,1588]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">California</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="3A8A764E62569D25EC7FF98DFD85EC35" box="[548,604,1564,1588]" name="United States of America" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">USA</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingCounty id="AB434E5262569D25EC31F98DFCC9EC35" box="[618,784,1564,1588]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Tuolumne Co.</collectingCounty>
,
<location id="4742600562569D25ED40F98DFC7FEC35" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:CA3487C862579D2AEECCF88BFE55EAF6:4742600562569D25ED40F98DFC7FEC35" box="[795,934,1564,1588]" country="United States of America" county="Tuolumne Co." name="Amador Co." pageId="55" pageNumber="56" stateProvince="California">Amador Co.</location>
) (
<figureCitation id="DAA62A5B62569D25EDE5F98DFBF9EC35" box="[958,1056,1564,1588]" captionStart="FIGURE 147149" captionStartId="112.[151,249,1697,1720]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1676]" captionTargetId="figure-43@112.[151,1436,193,1676]" captionTargetPageId="112" captionText="FIGURE 147149. Distribution of Nearctic Leptomorphus. 147. L. bifasciatus (red triangle). 148. L. furcatus (black circle), L. perplexus (red square). 149. L. hyalinus (blue square)." pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Fig. 148</figureCitation>
),
<quantity id="85659B3B62569D25EA6FF98DFB44EC35" box="[1076,1181,1564,1588]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" unit="m" value="750.0">
<elevation id="C9B0D1ED62569D25EA6FF98DFB44EC35" box="[1076,1181,1564,1588]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" unit="m" value="750.0">750 masl</elevation>
</quantity>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0A87655562569D25EE9CF9D1FE7FED0E" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="422236DE62569D25EE9CF9D1FE7FED0E" blockId="55.[151,1437,151,2023]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
<emphasis id="70E9EACC62569D25EE9CF9D1FEABEC58" bold="true" box="[199,370,1600,1625]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">DISCUSSION</emphasis>
: Even though this species exhibits a number of plesiomorphic characteristics (
<emphasis id="70E9EACC62569D25EB5FF9D0FAFFEC59" box="[1284,1318,1601,1624]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">i.e.</emphasis>
ocelli not forming an ocellar triangle, inter-ommatidial setulae covering most of eye, acrostichal setae present), it fits within the current limits of the genus. This placement should be confirmed when male specimens are found. It should be noted that the cell created by R
<subScript id="DE19349B62569D25EFABF92AFE21ECC8" attach="left" box="[496,504,1723,1737]" fontSize="6" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">4</subScript>
is longer than that found in other
<taxonomicName id="859D4D5D62569D25ED36F93DFBB7ECC5" box="[877,1134,1708,1732]" class="Insecta" family="Mycetophilidae" genus="Leptomorphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="70E9EACC62569D25ED36F93DFBD6ECC5" box="[877,1039,1708,1732]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Leptomorphus</emphasis>
species.
</taxonomicName>
The sinusoidal shape of R
<subScript id="DE19349B62569D25EBCFF92AFA45ECC8" attach="left" box="[1428,1436,1723,1737]" fontSize="6" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">5</subScript>
is also unique within
<taxonomicName id="859D4D5D62569D25EFD6F942FDF6ECEA" authorityName=": Edwards" authorityYear="1925" box="[397,559,1747,1771]" class="Insecta" family="Mycetophilidae" genus="Leptomorphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="70E9EACC62569D25EFD6F942FDF6ECEA" box="[397,559,1747,1771]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Leptomorphus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, though this condition is seen in other
<taxonomicName id="859D4D5D62569D25EDAAF942FBB5ECEA" authorityName="Borkent &amp; Wheeler" authorityYear="2012" box="[1009,1132,1747,1771]" class="Insecta" family="Mycetophilidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Sciophilini">Sciophilini</taxonomicName>
genera such as
<taxonomicName id="859D4D5D62569D25EB7FF942FA45ECEA" authorityName="Rondani" authorityYear="1856" box="[1316,1436,1747,1771]" class="Insecta" family="Mycetophilidae" genus="Neuratelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="70E9EACC62569D25EB7FF942FA45ECEA" box="[1316,1436,1747,1771]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Neuratelia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="859D4D5D62569D25EE9DF966FE7FED0E" authority="Winnertz." authorityName="Winnertz." box="[198,422,1783,1807]" class="Insecta" family="Mycetophilidae" genus="Polylepta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="70E9EACC62569D25EE9DF966FEE8ED0E" box="[198,305,1783,1807]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Polylepta</emphasis>
Winnertz.
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0A87655562569D25EE9CF88BFF23ED7A" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="422236DE62569D25EE9CF88BFF23ED7A" blockId="55.[151,1437,151,2023]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
<emphasis id="70E9EACC62569D25EE9CF88BFE58ED32" bold="true" box="[199,385,1818,1843]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">ETYMOLOGY</emphasis>
: The species name refers to the confounding thought process that went into determining that this species was placed within
<taxonomicName id="859D4D5D62569D25EFB6F8AEFD56ED56" authorityName=": Edwards" authorityYear="1925" box="[493,655,1855,1879]" class="Insecta" family="Mycetophilidae" genus="Leptomorphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="70E9EACC62569D25EFB6F8AEFD56ED56" box="[493,655,1855,1879]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Leptomorphus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, due to both the number of plesiomorphic characters and lack of male material.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0A87655562569D2AEE9CF817FE55EAF6" lastPageId="56" lastPageNumber="57" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="422236DE62569D25EE9CF817FCCDEDE6" blockId="55.[151,1437,151,2023]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
<materialsCitation id="F2F53C8362569D25EE9CF817FCCDEDE6" collectingDate="1963-05-31" collectionCode="MATERIAL, USNM" collectorName="P. H. Arnaud &amp; Det. C. J. Borkent" country="United States of America" county="Tuolumne Co." determinerName="Det. C. J. Borkent" location="Basin Creek" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="70E9EACC62569D25EE9CF817FDD3ED9E" bold="true" box="[199,522,1926,1951]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
<collectionCode id="248CAE1B62569D25EE9CF817FE86ED9E" box="[199,351,1926,1951]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">MATERIAL</collectionCode>
EXAMINED
</emphasis>
:
<emphasis id="70E9EACC62569D25EC78F816FD4AED9E" box="[547,659,1927,1951]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
<typeStatus id="9D26887C62569D25EC78F816FD54ED9E" box="[547,653,1927,1951]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
:
</emphasis>
here designated, adult female, pinned, labelled “[
<collectingCountry id="3A8A764E62569D25EAA4F816FAE4ED9E" box="[1279,1341,1927,1951]" name="United States of America" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">USA</collectingCountry>
] CAL.:
<collectingCounty id="AB434E5262569D25EECCF83AFEE5EDC2" box="[151,316,1963,1987]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Tuolumne Co.</collectingCounty>
/
<location id="4742600562569D25EF0BF83AFE07EDC2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:CA3487C862579D2AEECCF88BFE55EAF6:4742600562569D25EF0BF83AFE07EDC2" box="[336,478,1963,1987]" country="United States of America" county="Tuolumne Co." name="Basin Creek" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Basin Creek</location>
Cmpgd./
<date id="3623101E62569D25EC0DF83AFD1AEDC2" box="[598,707,1963,1987]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" value="1963-05-31">
<collectingDate id="2667E9F662569D25EC0DF83AFD1AEDC2" box="[598,707,1963,1987]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" value="1963-05-31">31.v.1963</collectingDate>
</date>
/
<collectorName id="EF68530862569D25EC83F83DFCB0EDC2" box="[728,873,1963,1987]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">P.H. Arnaud</collectorName>
, Jr.;
<typeStatus id="9D26887C62569D25EDFDF83AFBE0EDC2" box="[934,1081,1963,1987]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" type="holotype">HOLOTYPE</typeStatus>
<specimenCount id="549BFD5762569D25EA1DF83DFB82EDC2" box="[1094,1115,1964,1987]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" type="female"></specimenCount>
/
<taxonomicName id="859D4D5D62569D25EA35F83AFA51EDC2" authorityName="Borkent" authorityYear="2012" box="[1134,1416,1963,1987]" class="Insecta" family="Mycetophilidae" genus="Leptomorphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="perplexus">
<emphasis id="70E9EACC62569D25EA35F83AFA51EDC2" box="[1134,1416,1963,1987]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Leptomorphus perplexus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
/ Borkent,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="6BDA57B762569D25EEA4F841FE5CEDE6" box="[255,389,1999,2023]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
/
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<collectorName id="EF68530862569D25EFC0F841FD87EDE6" box="[411,606,1999,2023]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Det. C.J. Borkent</collectorName>
</determinerName>
2012” [
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]
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="422236DE62599D2AEE9CFF08FE55EAF6" blockId="56.[151,1437,151,247]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">
<materialsCitation id="F2F53C8362599D2AEE9CFF08FBC9EAD5" collectingDate="2007-05-24" collectingDateMax="2007-06-10" collectingDateMin="2007-05-24" collectionCode="USNM" collectorName="S. Nature" country="United States of America" county="Amador Co." elevation="715" latitude="38.416668" location="Indian Grinding Rock State Park" longLatPrecision="1175" longitude="-120.13333" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" specimenCode="MT#2" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-female="3" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="70E9EACC62599D2AEE9CFF08FE98EAB1" box="[199,321,153,176]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">
<typeStatus id="9D26887C62599D2AEE9CFF08FEE5EAB1" box="[199,316,153,176]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
:
</emphasis>
labelled as for
<typeStatus id="9D26887C62599D2AEFAEFF06FD8EEAAE" box="[501,599,151,175]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
(
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,
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).
<collectingCountry id="3A8A764E62599D2AED4BFF06FC92EAAE" box="[784,843,151,175]" name="United States of America" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">USA</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCounty id="AB434E5262599D2AED03FF06FC3FEAAE" box="[856,998,151,175]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Amador Co.</collectingCounty>
,
<location id="4742600562599D2AEDA8FF06FAB2EAAE" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:CA3487C862579D2AEECCF88BFE55EAF6:4742600562599D2AEDA8FF06FAB2EAAE" box="[1011,1387,151,175]" country="United States of America" county="Amador Co." latitude="38.416668" longLatPrecision="1175" longitude="-120.13333" name="Indian Grinding Rock State Park" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Indian Grinding Rock State Park</location>
, dry wash nr.
<collectorName id="EF68530862599D2AEEA0FF2DFEBCEAD2" box="[251,357,188,212]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">S. Nature</collectorName>
trail.
<specimenCode id="123B9EA562599D2AEFFCFF2DFE29EAD5" box="[423,496,188,212]" collectionCode="MT" country="Russia" name="Mus. Tinro, Vladyvostok" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">MT#2</specimenCode>
,
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,
<geoCoordinate id="27A9501962599D2AEC2BFF2DFD06EAD2" box="[624,735,188,212]" degrees="120" direction="west" minutes="8" orientation="longitude" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" precision="925" value="-120.13333">120°8 W</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="85659B3B62599D2AECB1FF2DFC92EAD5" box="[746,843,188,212]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.15" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" unit="m" value="715.0">
<elevation id="C9B0D1ED62599D2AECB1FF2DFC92EAD5" box="[746,843,188,212]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.15" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" unit="m" value="715.0">715masl</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="3623101E62599D2AED0DFF2DFBC9EAD5" box="[854,1040,188,212]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" value="2007-05-24" valueMax="2007-06-10" valueMin="2007-05-24">
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</date>
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="F2F53C8362599D2AEA40FF2DFE51EAF6" collectionCode="CSCA" collectorName="P. Kerr &amp; M. Hauser" country="United States of America" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" typeStatus="paratype">
07LOT096,
<collectorName id="EF68530862599D2AEAFEFF2DFB2AEAD2" box="[1189,1267,188,211]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">P. Kerr</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="EF68530862599D2AEB4CFF2DFA54EAD2" box="[1303,1421,188,211]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">M. Hauser</collectorName>
/ 07Y771 (
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,
<collectionCode id="248CAE1B62599D2AEF69FF4EFE59EAF6" box="[306,384,223,247]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33156" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33156" name="California State Collection of Arthropods" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" type="Museum">CSCA</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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