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<document id="2021B9A2E86C1794F1B98104C6D1D9F4" ID-CLB-Dataset="20362" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5105.1.7" ID-GBIF-Dataset="4a956aa6-5460-4a41-9458-f33dc3cbdba0" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6332521" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1646596646203" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Sankaran, Pradeep M." docDate="2022" docId="03B65129C462FFBCFF18C352FAE6F84F" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5105.1.7.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5105 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Zelotes Gistel 1848" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="145" masterDocId="FF8F2951C462FFBCFF8FC62AFFC4FFC1" masterDocTitle="On the synonymy of Aracus Thorell, 1887 with Zelotes Gistel, 1848 (Araneae, Gnaphosidae, Zelotinae)" masterLastPageNumber="147" masterPageNumber="145" pageNumber="145" updateTime="1699317076283" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="795964A4EFAEAD418A40148A0A44E32E">On the synonymy of Aracus Thorell, 1887 with Zelotes Gistel, 1848 (Araneae, Gnaphosidae, Zelotinae)</mods:title>
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<treatment id="03B65129C462FFBCFF18C352FAE6F84F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6335909" ID-GBIF-Taxon="193878704" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6335909" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B65129C462FFBCFF18C352FAE6F84F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B65129C462FFBCFF18C352FAE6F84F" lastPageNumber="145" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">
<subSubSection id="C305B3B4C462FFBCFF18C352FE4CFA53" box="[151,392,1400,1427]" pageId="0" pageNumber="145" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BA0E03FC462FFBCFF18C352FE4CFA53" blockId="0.[151,1437,1293,1935]" box="[151,392,1400,1427]" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">
<heading id="D0E85753C462FFBCFF18C352FE4CFA53" bold="true" box="[151,392,1400,1427]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="145" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C1F9BBCC462FFBCFF18C352FE4CFA53" ID-CoL="63X9C" ID-ENA="388985" authority="Gistel, 1848" authorityName="Gistel" authorityYear="1848" box="[151,392,1400,1427]" class="Arachnida" family="Gnaphosidae" genus="Zelotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="145" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96B3C2DC462FFBCFF18C352FE4CFA53" bold="true" box="[151,392,1400,1427]" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">
<emphasis id="B96B3C2DC462FFBCFF18C352FF29FA52" bold="true" box="[151,237,1400,1427]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">Zelotes</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E9DCEC462FFBCFF7AC352FE4CFA53" author="Gistel, J." box="[245,392,1400,1426]" pageId="0" pageNumber="145" pagination="155 - 158" refId="ref1094" refString="Gistel, J. (1848) Araneae. In: Naturgeschichte des Thierreichs fur hohere Schulen. Scheitlin &amp; Krais, Stuttgart, pp. IX - X + 155 - 158, pl. XI. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 97235" type="book chapter" year="1848">Gistel, 1848</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA0E03FC462FFBCFF18C3B3FD9CFA70" blockId="0.[151,1437,1293,1935]" box="[151,600,1433,1457]" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">
<taxonomicName id="4C1F9BBCC462FFBCFF18C3B3FE1EFA70" authority="C. L. Koch, 1833" authorityName="C. L. Koch" authorityYear="1833" box="[151,474,1433,1457]" class="Insecta" family="Gnaphosidae" genus="Melanophora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="145" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96B3C2DC462FFBCFF18C3B3FEE5FA70" box="[151,289,1433,1457]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">Melanophora</emphasis>
C. L.
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E9DCEC462FFBCFEEEC3B3FE1EFA70" author="Koch, C. L." box="[353,474,1433,1457]" pageId="0" pageNumber="145" pagination="119 - 121" refId="ref1146" refString="Koch, C. L. (1833) Arachniden. In: Herrich-Schaffer, G. A. W. (Ed.), Deutschlands Insecten. Heft. Friedrich Pustet, Regensburg, pp. 119 - 121. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 15007" type="book chapter" year="1833">Koch, 1833</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, plate CXX.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA0E03FC462FFBCFF18C392FE4BFA11" blockId="0.[151,1437,1293,1935]" box="[151,399,1464,1488]" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB0FC711C462FFBCFF18C392FE4BFA11" box="[151,399,1464,1488]" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">
<treatmentCitation id="0ABEC62EC462FFBCFF18C392FE4FFA11" author="Gistel, J." box="[151,395,1464,1488]" page="11" pageId="0" pageNumber="145" year="1848">
<taxonomicName id="4C1F9BBCC462FFBCFF18C392FE4FFA11" ID-CoL="63X9C" authority="Gistel, 1848: 11" authorityName="Gistel" authorityPageNumber="11" authorityYear="1848" box="[151,395,1464,1488]" class="Arachnida" family="Gnaphosidae" genus="Zelotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="145" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96B3C2DC462FFBCFF18C392FF24FA11" box="[151,224,1464,1488]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">Zelotes</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E9DCEC462FFBCFF68C392FE4FFA11" author="Gistel, J." box="[231,395,1464,1488]" pageId="0" pageNumber="145" pagination="155 - 158" refId="ref1094" refString="Gistel, J. (1848) Araneae. In: Naturgeschichte des Thierreichs fur hohere Schulen. Scheitlin &amp; Krais, Stuttgart, pp. IX - X + 155 - 158, pl. XI. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 97235" type="book chapter" year="1848">Gistel, 1848: 11</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA0E03FC462FFBCFF18C3FCFE2BFA2E" blockId="0.[151,1437,1293,1935]" box="[151,495,1494,1519]" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">
<emphasis id="B96B3C2DC462FFBCFF18C3FCFED8FA2F" box="[151,284,1494,1518]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">Prostheisima</emphasis>
L.
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E9DCEC462FFBCFEB1C3FCFE2FFA2E" author="Koch, L." box="[318,491,1494,1519]" pageId="0" pageNumber="145" pagination="239 - 328" refId="ref1202" refString="Koch, L. (1872) Beitrag zur Kenntniss der Arachnidenfauna Tirols. Zweite Abhandlung. Zeitschrift des Ferdinandeums fur Tirol und Vorarlberg, 17, 239 - 328." type="journal article" year="1872">Koch, 1872: 139</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA0E03FC462FFBCFF18C3DFFE11F9CC" blockId="0.[151,1437,1293,1935]" box="[151,469,1525,1549]" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB0FC711C462FFBCFF18C3DFFE11F9CC" box="[151,469,1525,1549]" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">
<treatmentCitation id="0ABEC62EC462FFBCFF18C3DFFE15F9CC" author="Simon, E." box="[151,465,1525,1549]" page="169" pageId="0" pageNumber="145" year="1905">
<taxonomicName id="4C1F9BBCC462FFBCFF18C3DFFE15F9CC" authority="Simon, 1905: 169" authorityName="Simon" authorityPageNumber="169" authorityYear="1905" box="[151,465,1525,1549]" class="Arachnida" family="Gnaphosidae" genus="Scotophinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="145" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96B3C2DC462FFBCFF18C3DFFED7F9CC" box="[151,275,1525,1549]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">Scotophinus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E9DCEC462FFBCFE96C3DFFE15F9CC" author="Simon, E." box="[281,465,1525,1549]" pageId="0" pageNumber="145" pagination="160 - 180" refId="ref1422" refString="Simon, E. (1905) Voyage de M. Maurice Maindron dans l'Inde meridionale (mai a novembre 1901). 7 me Memoire. Arachnides (1 re partie). Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France, 74, 160 - 180." type="journal article" year="1905">Simon, 1905: 169</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA0E03FC462FFBCFF18C03EFDC4F9ED" blockId="0.[151,1437,1293,1935]" box="[151,512,1556,1580]" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB0FC711C462FFBCFF18C03EFDC4F9ED" box="[151,512,1556,1580]" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">
<treatmentCitation id="0ABEC62EC462FFBCFF18C03EFE38F9ED" author="Caporiacco, L. di" box="[151,508,1556,1580]" page="114" pageId="0" pageNumber="145" year="1941">
<taxonomicName id="4C1F9BBCC462FFBCFF18C03EFE38F9ED" authority="Caporiacco, 1941: 114" authorityName="Caporiacco" authorityPageNumber="114" authorityYear="1941" box="[151,508,1556,1580]" class="Arachnida" family="Gnaphosidae" genus="Zavattarica" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="145" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96B3C2DC462FFBCFF18C03EFEC9F9EA" box="[151,269,1556,1579]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">Zavattarica</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E9DCEC462FFBCFE9BC03EFE38F9ED" author="Caporiacco, L. di" box="[276,508,1556,1580]" pageId="0" pageNumber="145" pagination="46 - 175" refId="ref996" refString="Caporiacco, L. di (1941) Arachnida (esc. Acarina). Araneae. Missione Biologica Sagan-Omo, Reale Accademia d'Italia, Roma, 12 (Zoologia 6), 46 - 175." type="journal article" year="1941">Caporiacco, 1941: 114</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA0E03FC462FFBCFF18C019FD82F98A" blockId="0.[151,1437,1293,1935]" box="[151,582,1586,1611]" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB0FC711C462FFBCFF18C019FD82F98A" box="[151,582,1586,1611]" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">
<treatmentCitation id="0ABEC62EC462FFBCFF18C019FE5CF98B" author="Thorell, T." box="[151,408,1586,1611]" page="35" pageId="0" pageNumber="145" year="1887">
<taxonomicName id="4C1F9BBCC462FFBCFF18C019FE5CF98B" authority="Thorell, 1887: 35" authorityName="Thorell" authorityPageNumber="35" authorityYear="1887" box="[151,408,1586,1611]" class="Arachnida" family="Gnaphosidae" genus="Aracus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="145" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96B3C2DC462FFBCFF18C019FF1BF98B" box="[151,223,1587,1610]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">Aracus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E9DCEC462FFBCFF6AC018FE5CF98B" author="Thorell, T." box="[229,408,1586,1611]" pageId="0" pageNumber="145" pagination="5 - 417" refId="ref1470" refString="Thorell, T. (1887) Viaggio di L. Fea in Birmania e regioni vicine. II. Primo saggio sui ragni birmani. Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Genova, 25, 5 - 417." type="journal article" year="1887">Thorell, 1887: 35</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
<emphasis id="B96B3C2DC462FFBCFE2DC019FD82F98A" bold="true" box="[418,582,1587,1611]" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">New synonymy</emphasis>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA0E03FC462FFBCFF18C07CFAE6F84F" blockId="0.[151,1437,1293,1935]" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">
<emphasis id="B96B3C2DC462FFBCFF18C07CFE2AF9AE" bold="true" box="[151,494,1622,1647]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="145" reason="1">Justification of the synonymy.</emphasis>
The epigynum of
<taxonomicName id="4C1F9BBCC462FFBCFD37C07DFCF4F9AF" ID-CoL="G466" authorityName="Thorell" authorityYear="1887" box="[696,816,1623,1646]" class="Arachnida" family="Gnaphosidae" genus="Aracus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="145" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="captator">
<emphasis id="B96B3C2DC462FFBCFD37C07DFD0CF9AF" box="[696,712,1623,1646]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">A</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B96B3C2DC462FFBCFD59C07DFCF4F9AF" box="[726,816,1623,1646]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">captator</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
looks similar to the epigynum of the
<emphasis id="B96B3C2DC462FFBCFB45C07CFA91F9AF" box="[1226,1365,1622,1646]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">subterraneus</emphasis>
-group of
<taxonomicName id="4C1F9BBCC462FFBCFF3AC050FEC6F953" ID-CoL="63X9C" authorityName="Gistel" authorityYear="1848" box="[181,258,1658,1682]" class="Arachnida" family="Gnaphosidae" genus="Zelotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="145" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96B3C2DC462FFBCFF3AC050FEC6F953" box="[181,258,1658,1682]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">Zelotes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, as illustrated for
<taxonomicName id="4C1F9BBCC462FFBCFE4AC050FCBFF952" ID-CoL="5CZT9" authority="(C. L. Koch, 1833)" baseAuthorityName="C. L. Koch" baseAuthorityYear="1833" box="[453,891,1658,1683]" class="Arachnida" family="Gnaphosidae" genus="Zelotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="145" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subterraneus">
<emphasis id="B96B3C2DC462FFBCFE4AC050FD61F953" box="[453,677,1658,1682]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">Zelotes subterraneus</emphasis>
(C. L.
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E9DCEC462FFBCFD7CC050FCB0F952" author="Koch, C. L." box="[755,884,1658,1683]" pageId="0" pageNumber="145" pagination="119 - 121" refId="ref1146" refString="Koch, C. L. (1833) Arachniden. In: Herrich-Schaffer, G. A. W. (Ed.), Deutschlands Insecten. Heft. Friedrich Pustet, Regensburg, pp. 119 - 121. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 15007" type="book chapter" year="1833">Koch, 1833</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C1F9BBCC462FFBCFC08C050FB22F952" ID-CoL="5CZJW" authority="Chamberlin, 1920" authorityName="Chamberlin" authorityYear="1920" box="[903,1254,1658,1683]" class="Arachnida" family="Gnaphosidae" genus="Zelotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="145" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fratris">
<emphasis id="B96B3C2DC462FFBCFC08C050FBDAF953" box="[903,1054,1658,1682]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">Zelotes fratris</emphasis>
Chamberlin, 1920
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C1F9BBCC462FFBCFA94C050FE58F977" ID-CoL="7GDWD" authority="Lowrie &amp; Gertsch, 1955" authorityName="Lowrie &amp; Gertsch" authorityYear="1955" class="Arachnida" family="Gnaphosidae" genus="Zelotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="145" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sula">
<emphasis id="B96B3C2DC462FFBCFA94C050FA58F953" box="[1307,1436,1658,1682]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">Zelotes sula</emphasis>
Lowrie &amp; Gertsch, 1955
</taxonomicName>
: epigynum with paired anterior comma-like margins, with L-shaped lateral margins and posterior margin with a median protrusion (compare
<figureCitation id="1324FCBAC462FFBCFDE9C0E8FD60F91B" box="[614,676,1730,1754]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–6" captionStartId="1.[151,264,1937,1961]" captionTargetBox="[182,1401,183,1912]" captionTargetId="figure-16@1.[181,1406,180,1912]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURES 1–6. Zelotes captator (Thorell, 1887) comb. nov., holotype female of Aracus captator Thorell, 1887 (MSNG). 1 habitus, dorsal view; 2 eye group, dorsal view; 3 right chelicera, retrolateral view; 4 anterior lateral spinnerets, ventral view; 5 epigynum, ventral view; 6 original labels in the holotype vial. All figures not to scale. © MSNG, Genova, Italy." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6332523" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6332523/files/figure.png" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
with
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E9DCEC462FFBCFD6EC0E8FC2DF91A" author="Platnick, N. I. &amp; Shadab, M. U." box="[737,1001,1730,1755]" pageId="0" pageNumber="145" pagination="97 - 192" refId="ref1277" refString="Platnick, N. I. &amp; Shadab, M. U. (1983) A revision of the American spiders of the genus Zelotes (Araneae, Gnaphosidae). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 174, 97 - 192." type="journal article" year="1983">Platnick &amp; Shadab 1983</bibRefCitation>
: figs 4, 8, 11, 16). Moreover,
<taxonomicName id="4C1F9BBCC462FFBCFAABC0E9FA58F91B" ID-CoL="G466" authorityName="Thorell" authorityYear="1887" box="[1316,1436,1731,1754]" class="Arachnida" family="Gnaphosidae" genus="Aracus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="145" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="captator">
<emphasis id="B96B3C2DC462FFBCFAABC0E9FAF0F91B" box="[1316,1332,1731,1754]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">A</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B96B3C2DC462FFBCFACDC0E9FA58F91B" box="[1346,1436,1731,1754]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">captator</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has small, globular spermathecae that are also similar to that of the above-mentioned species (compare
<figureCitation id="1324FCBAC462FFBCFB62C0CCFAE8F93F" box="[1261,1324,1766,1790]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–6" captionStartId="1.[151,264,1937,1961]" captionTargetBox="[182,1401,183,1912]" captionTargetId="figure-16@1.[181,1406,180,1912]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURES 1–6. Zelotes captator (Thorell, 1887) comb. nov., holotype female of Aracus captator Thorell, 1887 (MSNG). 1 habitus, dorsal view; 2 eye group, dorsal view; 3 right chelicera, retrolateral view; 4 anterior lateral spinnerets, ventral view; 5 epigynum, ventral view; 6 original labels in the holotype vial. All figures not to scale. © MSNG, Genova, Italy." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6332523" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6332523/files/figure.png" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
with
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E9DCEC462FFBCFAE5C0CCFEBCF8E2" author="Platnick, N. I. &amp; Shadab, M. U." pageId="0" pageNumber="145" pagination="97 - 192" refId="ref1277" refString="Platnick, N. I. &amp; Shadab, M. U. (1983) A revision of the American spiders of the genus Zelotes (Araneae, Gnaphosidae). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 174, 97 - 192." type="journal article" year="1983">Platnick &amp; Shadab 1983</bibRefCitation>
: figs 4, 8, 11, 16). Based on these observations, I propose to consider
<taxonomicName id="4C1F9BBCC462FFBCFBE1C121FB7EF8E3" authorityName="Thorell" authorityYear="1887" box="[1134,1210,1803,1826]" class="Arachnida" family="Gnaphosidae" genus="Aracus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="145" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96B3C2DC462FFBCFBE1C121FB7EF8E3" box="[1134,1210,1803,1826]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">Aracus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as a junior synonym of
<taxonomicName id="4C1F9BBCC462FFBCFF3BC104FEC5F887" ID-CoL="63X9C" authorityName="Gistel" authorityYear="1848" box="[180,257,1838,1862]" class="Arachnida" family="Gnaphosidae" genus="Zelotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="145" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96B3C2DC462FFBCFF3BC104FEC5F887" box="[180,257,1838,1862]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">Zelotes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, in contrast to
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E9DCEC462FFBCFE2DC104FD0EF886" author="Deeleman-Reinhold, C. L." box="[418,714,1838,1863]" pageId="0" pageNumber="145" refId="ref1033" refString="Deeleman-Reinhold, C. L. (2001) Forest spiders of South East Asia: with a revision of the sac and ground spiders (Araneae: Clubionidae, Corinnidae, Liocranidae, Gnaphosidae, Prodidomidae and Trochanterriidae [sic]). Brill, Leiden, 591 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.1163 / 9789004475588" type="book" year="2001">Deeleman-Reinhold (2001)</bibRefCitation>
, who doubted
<taxonomicName id="4C1F9BBCC462FFBCFCE8C105FC77F887" authorityName="Thorell" authorityYear="1887" box="[871,947,1839,1862]" class="Arachnida" family="Gnaphosidae" genus="Aracus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="145" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96B3C2DC462FFBCFCE8C105FC77F887" box="[871,947,1839,1862]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">Aracus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as a senior synonym of
<taxonomicName id="4C1F9BBCC462FFBCFB37C104FED9F8AA" ID-CoL="4TF8" authority="Chamberlin, 1922" authorityName="Chamberlin" authorityYear="1922" class="Arachnida" family="Gnaphosidae" genus="Haplodrassus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="145" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96B3C2DC462FFBCFB37C104FA88F887" box="[1208,1356,1838,1862]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">Haplodrassus</emphasis>
Chamberlin, 1922
</taxonomicName>
. Females of
<taxonomicName id="4C1F9BBCC462FFBCFE26C178FDF9F8AB" ID-CoL="4TF8" authority="Chamberlin, 1922" authorityName="Chamberlin" authorityYear="1922" box="[425,573,1874,1898]" class="Arachnida" family="Gnaphosidae" genus="Haplodrassus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="145" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96B3C2DC462FFBCFE26C178FDF9F8AB" box="[425,573,1874,1898]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">Haplodrassus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species are distinct from that of
<taxonomicName id="4C1F9BBCC462FFBCFC29C179FC36F8AB" authorityName="Thorell" authorityYear="1887" box="[934,1010,1875,1898]" class="Arachnida" family="Gnaphosidae" genus="Aracus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="145" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96B3C2DC462FFBCFC29C179FC36F8AB" box="[934,1010,1875,1898]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">Aracus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by having paired lateral epigynal arms (
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E9DCEC462FFBCFF11C15CFE6CF84F" author="Platnick, N. I. &amp; Shadab, M. U." box="[158,424,1910,1935]" pageId="0" pageNumber="145" pagination="1 - 40" refId="ref1233" refString="Platnick, N. I. &amp; Shadab, M. U. (1975) A revision of the spider genera Haplodrassus and Orodrassus (Araneae, Gnaphosidae) in North America. American Museum Novitates, 2583, 1 - 40." type="journal article" year="1975">Platnick &amp; Shadab 1975</bibRefCitation>
: figs 3, 7). The proposed synonymy has resulted in a new combination (see below).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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