321 lines
43 KiB
XML
321 lines
43 KiB
XML
<document id="58B84118B44A99530948C3EA3103CB8C" ID-CLB-Dataset="8019" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4903.1.8" ID-GBIF-Dataset="21ae9d03-bd32-4de0-848a-9bcb5f5769f7" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4422800" ID-ZooBank="0983FD83-0F09-4B44-8F4E-F85A369E7393" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1610011370750" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Caira, Janine N. & Jensen, Kirsten" docDate="2021" docId="74274A4BA647801CFF15E2E3CE2A2D65" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4903.1.8.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4903 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Caulobothrium Baer 1948" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="138" masterDocId="881E3233A64D8017FF82E611CB1D293C" masterDocTitle="Two new species of Caulobothrium (Cestoda: “ Tetraphyllidea ”) from the duckbill eagle ray, Aetomylaeus bovinus (Myliobatiformes: Myliobatidae), off Senegal with new insights on morphological features of the genus" masterLastPageNumber="139" masterPageNumber="127" pageNumber="137" updateTime="1698920110345" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="7B4A00A62C911CD24DB1578E27D5420A">Two new species of Caulobothrium (Cestoda: “ Tetraphyllidea ”) from the duckbill eagle ray, Aetomylaeus bovinus (Myliobatiformes: Myliobatidae), off Senegal with new insights on morphological features of the genus</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="554AD357C9D40C6ADFDEE34FE3732A46" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="78A2910B976850B1EE6E22BB2E431359">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="8A1E34A974E49B356127BB4FCCE82AE5">Caira, Janine N.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="13BA4A060D40DBCDB275D4807B296A4F" type="ORCID">0000-0001-9597-6978</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="8E4FA6F0F73CF25159A5E79CF71DB8DF">Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, University of Connecticut, 75 N. Eagleville Rd., Storrs, CT 06269 - 3043, USA. janine. caira @ uconn. edu; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 9597 - 6978</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="DF5B010E3D9327CB0425EBED32DBA22E" type="email">janine.caira@uconn.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="CA5787042F19C5A232FDB79C25C05EC6">Jensen, Kirsten</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="CFA9A2ED8A361C0620272D1A684CB9E3" type="ORCID">0000-0003-0294-8471</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="35CB02399D0C6CC24948844BEF718A77">Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology and the Biodiversity Institute, University of Kansas, 1200 Sunnyside Ave., Lawrence, KS 66045, USA. jensen @ ku. edu; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 0294 - 8471</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="C924EED28FA0C3D5447A20FB901B1CFF" type="email">jensen@ku.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="E662998F2BA580AD56CEB07F734D8103">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="B94C18B31F22A860E2D20298E23ED190">2021</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="55B58FCC509919486A66C0ACDAC0D657">2021-01-06</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="AD54BA30EDDFCD721C9071AFCF58FDBA">4903</mods:number>
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<treatment id="74274A4BA647801CFF15E2E3CE2A2D65" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4562824" ID-GBIF-Taxon="179911394" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4562824" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:74274A4BA647801CFF15E2E3CE2A2D65" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/74274A4BA647801CFF15E2E3CE2A2D65" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="138" pageId="10" pageNumber="137">
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<subSubSection id="B494A8D6A647801DFF15E2E3C9212C30" box="[151,572,1266,1293]" pageId="10" pageNumber="137" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="FC31FB5DA647801DFF15E2E3C9212C30" blockId="10.[151,572,1266,1293]" box="[151,572,1266,1293]" pageId="10" pageNumber="137">
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<heading id="A7794C31A647801DFF15E2E3C9212C30" bold="true" box="[151,572,1266,1293]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="137" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="CEFA274FA647801DFF15E2E3C9212C30" bold="true" box="[151,572,1266,1293]" pageId="10" pageNumber="137">
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<taxonomicName id="3B8E80DEA647801DFF15E2E3CAC12C30" ID-CoL="7NS4K" authority="Baer, 1948" authorityName="Baer" authorityYear="1948" box="[151,476,1266,1293]" class="Cestoda" family="Phyllobothriidae" genus="Caulobothrium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetraphyllidea" pageId="10" pageNumber="137" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="CEFA274FA647801DFF15E2E3CA4C2C31" bold="true" box="[151,337,1266,1293]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="137">Caulobothrium</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="981F86ACA647801DFEDAE2E2CAC12C30" author="Baer, J. G." box="[344,476,1266,1293]" pageId="10" pageNumber="137" pagination="63 - 122" refId="ref7259" refString="Baer, J. G. (1948) Contributions a l'etude des cestodes des selaciens. I-IV. Bulletin de la Societe Neuchateloise des Sciences Naturelles, 71, 63 - 122." type="journal article" year="1948">Baer, 1948</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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revised
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="B494A8D6A647801CFF15E32ACE2A2D65" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="138" pageId="10" pageNumber="137" type="description">
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<paragraph id="FC31FB5DA647801DFF15E32AC8C22E15" blockId="10.[151,1437,1339,2013]" pageId="10" pageNumber="137">
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Scolex with 4 stalked bothridia; bothridia each with apical sucker, divided into loculi by multiple transverse septa; with or without longitudinal septum. Myzorhynchus absent. Cephalic peduncle variable in length. Bothridia with filitriches only; cephalic peduncle with or without small gladiate spinitriches. Strobila craspedote or acraspedote, euapolytic, apolytic or occasionally anapolytic; medial longitudinal grooves developing into tandem series of elliptical apertures posteriorly on dorsal and ventral surfaces in some. Genital pores lateral, irregularly alternating, usually at mid-level or in anterior half of proglottid. Testes numerous, 1 or 2 layers deep in cross section; post-poral testes present; post-ovarian testes present in some. Cirrus sac small; cirrus with or without armature. Ovary posterior, Hshaped in dorso-ventral view, tetralobed in cross section. Vagina opening into genital atrium anterior or at the same level as cirrus. Vitelline follicles lateral, in single or multiple lateral columns dorsally and ventrally. Uterus median, with lateral diverticula when gravid. In
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<taxonomicName id="3B8E80DEA647801DFDD8E06EC8762FA5" authority="Bonaparte" authorityName="Bonaparte" box="[602,875,1663,1689]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="137" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Myliobatidae Bonaparte</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="3B8E80DEA647801DFC26E06ECF3D2FA5" box="[932,1056,1663,1689]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Dasyatidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="137" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Dasyatidae</taxonomicName>
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<collectingCountry id="8499BBCDA647801DFBAAE06ECF6B2FA5" box="[1064,1142,1663,1689]" name="Jordan" pageId="10" pageNumber="137">Jordan</collectingCountry>
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. Cosmopolitan.
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<typeStatus id="233545FFA647801DFAACE06ECE7B2FA5" box="[1326,1382,1663,1689]" pageId="10" pageNumber="137">Type</typeStatus>
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species
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<taxonomicName id="3B8E80DEA647801DFF49E0B2C83D2F81" authority="(Linton, 1890) Baer, 1948" authorityName="Baer" authorityYear="1948" baseAuthorityName="Linton" baseAuthorityYear="1890" box="[203,800,1699,1725]" class="Cestoda" family="Phyllobothriidae" genus="Caulobothrium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetraphyllidea" pageId="10" pageNumber="137" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="longicolle">
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<emphasis id="CEFA274FA647801DFF49E0B2CAF32F81" box="[203,494,1699,1725]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="137">Caulobothrium longicolle</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="981F86ACA647801DFE7CE0B2C98F2F81" author="Linton, E." box="[510,658,1699,1725]" pageId="10" pageNumber="137" pagination="719 - 900" refId="ref8202" refString="Linton, E. (1890) Notes on Entozoa of marine fishes of New England, with descriptions of several new species. Part II. Annual Report of the Commissioner of Fish and Fisheries, 1887, 719 - 900. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 995" type="journal article" year="1890">Linton, 1890</bibRefCitation>
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)
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<bibRefCitation id="981F86ACA647801DFD20E0B2C83D2F81" author="Baer, J. G." box="[674,800,1699,1725]" pageId="10" pageNumber="137" pagination="63 - 122" refId="ref7259" refString="Baer, J. G. (1948) Contributions a l'etude des cestodes des selaciens. I-IV. Bulletin de la Societe Neuchateloise des Sciences Naturelles, 71, 63 - 122." type="journal article" year="1948">Baer, 1948</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Additional species:
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<taxonomicName id="3B8E80DEA647801DFB89E0B2CF7F2F81" authority="Caira & Jensen, 2021" authorityName="Caira & Jensen" authorityYear="2021" box="[1035,1122,1699,1725]" class="Cestoda" family="Phyllobothriidae" genus="Caulobothrium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetraphyllidea" pageId="10" pageNumber="137" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="katzi" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="CEFA274FA647801DFB89E0B2CF7F2F81" box="[1035,1122,1699,1725]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="137">C. katzi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="CEFA274FA647801DFBE8E0B2CFB42F81" bold="true" box="[1130,1193,1699,1725]" pageId="10" pageNumber="137">
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||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="D5C99A34A647801DFBE8E0B2CFB42F81" box="[1130,1193,1699,1725]" pageId="10" pageNumber="137" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="3B8E80DEA647801DFB3BE0B2CE602F81" authority="Caira & Jensen, 2021" authorityName="Caira & Jensen" authorityYear="2021" box="[1209,1405,1699,1725]" class="Cestoda" family="Phyllobothriidae" genus="Caulobothrium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetraphyllidea" pageId="10" pageNumber="137" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="multispelaeum" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="CEFA274FA647801DFB3BE0B2CE602F81" box="[1209,1405,1699,1725]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="137">C. multispelaeum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="CEFA274FA647801DFA04E0B2CBA52FDD" bold="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="137">
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="D5C99A34A647801DFA04E0B2CBA52FDD" pageId="10" pageNumber="137" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="3B8E80DEA647801DFF44E0D6C9002FDD" authority="Carvajal, 1977" authorityName="Carvajal" authorityYear="1977" box="[198,541,1735,1761]" class="Cestoda" family="Phyllobothriidae" genus="Caulobothrium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetraphyllidea" pageId="10" pageNumber="137" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="myliobatidis">
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<emphasis id="CEFA274FA647801DFF44E0D6CA6D2FDD" box="[198,368,1735,1761]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="137">C. myliobatidis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="981F86ACA647801DFEF4E0D6C9002FDD" author="Carvajal, J." box="[374,541,1735,1761]" pageId="10" pageNumber="137" pagination="99 - 103" refId="ref7685" refString="Carvajal, J. (1977) Description of the adult and larva of Caulobothrium myliobatidis sp. n. (Cestoda: Tetraphyllidea) from Chile. Journal of Parasitology, 63, 99 - 103. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 3280111" type="journal article" year="1977">Carvajal, 1977</bibRefCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="3B8E80DEA647801DFDAAE0D6C8442FDD" authority="Riser, 1955" authorityName="Riser" authorityYear="1955" box="[552,857,1734,1761]" class="Cestoda" family="Phyllobothriidae" genus="Caulobothrium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetraphyllidea" pageId="10" pageNumber="137" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="opisthorchis">
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<emphasis id="CEFA274FA647801DFDAAE0D6C9CC2FDD" box="[552,721,1735,1761]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="137">C. opisthorchis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="981F86ACA647801DFD55E0D6C8442FDD" author="Riser, N. W." box="[727,857,1734,1761]" pageId="10" pageNumber="137" pagination="265 - 311" refId="ref8259" refString="Riser, N. W. (1955) Studies on cestode parasites of sharks and skates. Journal of the Tennessee Academy of Science, 30, 265 - 311." type="journal article" year="1955">Riser, 1955</bibRefCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
,
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||
<taxonomicName id="3B8E80DEA647801DFCE6E0D6CE8A2FDD" authority="Brooks, Mayes, and Thorson, 1981" authorityName="Brooks, Mayes, and Thorson" authorityYear="1981" box="[868,1431,1735,1761]" class="Cestoda" family="Phyllobothriidae" genus="Caulobothrium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetraphyllidea" pageId="10" pageNumber="137" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="ostrowskiae">
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||
<emphasis id="CEFA274FA647801DFCE6E0D6CF142FDD" box="[868,1033,1735,1761]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="137">C. ostrowskiae</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="981F86ACA647801DFB8DE0D6CE8A2FDD" author="Brooks, D. R. & Mayes, M. A. & Thorson, T. B." box="[1039,1431,1735,1761]" pageId="10" pageNumber="137" pagination="1239 - 1252" refId="ref7293" refString="Brooks, D. R., Mayes, M. A. & Thorson, T. B. (1981) Cestode parasites in Myliobatis goodei Garman (Myliobatiformes: Myliobatidae) from Rio de la Plata, Uruguay, with a summary of cestodes collected from South American elasmobranchs during 1975 - 1979. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 93, 1239 - 1252." type="journal article" year="1981">Brooks, Mayes, and Thorson, 1981</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3B8E80DEA647801DFF15E0FAC85E2E39" authority="Coleman, Beveridge, and Campbell, 2019" authorityName="Coleman, Beveridge, and Campbell" authorityYear="2019" box="[151,835,1771,1797]" class="Cestoda" family="Phyllobothriidae" genus="Caulobothrium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetraphyllidea" pageId="10" pageNumber="137" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="peduncluatum">
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<emphasis id="CEFA274FA647801DFF15E0FACA442E39" box="[151,345,1771,1797]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="137">C. peduncluatum</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="981F86ACA647801DFEE3E0FAC85E2E39" author="Coleman, G. M. & Beveridge, I. & Campbell, R. A." box="[353,835,1771,1797]" pageId="10" pageNumber="137" pagination="167 - 174" refId="ref7781" refString="Coleman, G. M., Beveridge, I. & Campbell, R. A. (2019) Caulobothrium pedunculatum sp. nov., a new species of cestode (Platyhelminthes) parasitic in Australian stingrays (Elasmobranchii: Batoidea). Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia, 143, 167 - 174. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 03721426.2019.1624932" type="journal article" year="2019">Coleman, Beveridge, and Campbell, 2019</bibRefCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3B8E80DEA647801DFCD2E0FACFBD2E39" authority="Riser, 1955" authorityName="Riser" authorityYear="1955" box="[848,1184,1770,1797]" class="Cestoda" family="Phyllobothriidae" genus="Caulobothrium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetraphyllidea" pageId="10" pageNumber="137" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="tetrascaphium">
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||
<emphasis id="CEFA274FA647801DFCD2E0FACF0F2E39" box="[848,1042,1771,1797]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="137">C. tetrascaphium</emphasis>
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||
<bibRefCitation id="981F86ACA647801DFB99E0FACFBD2E39" author="Riser, N. W." box="[1051,1184,1770,1797]" pageId="10" pageNumber="137" pagination="265 - 311" refId="ref8259" refString="Riser, N. W. (1955) Studies on cestode parasites of sharks and skates. Journal of the Tennessee Academy of Science, 30, 265 - 311." type="journal article" year="1955">Riser, 1955</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
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||
<taxonomicName id="3B8E80DEA647801DFB2FE0FACA412E15" authority="(Yamaguti, 1934) Baer, 1948" authorityName="Baer" authorityYear="1948" baseAuthorityName="Yamaguti" baseAuthorityYear="1934" class="Cestoda" family="Phyllobothriidae" genus="Caulobothrium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetraphyllidea" pageId="10" pageNumber="137" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="tobijei">
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||
<emphasis id="CEFA274FA647801DFB2FE0FACE052E39" box="[1197,1304,1771,1797]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="137">C. tobijei</emphasis>
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(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="981F86ACA647801DFAAAE0FACBCD2E15" author="Yamaguti, S." pageId="10" pageNumber="137" pagination="1 - 112" refId="ref8323" refString="Yamaguti, S. (1934) Studies on the helminth fauna of Japan. Part 4. Cestodes of fishes. Japanese Journal of Zoology, 6, 1 - 112." type="journal article" year="1934">Yamaguti, 1934</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="981F86ACA647801DFF62E11ECA412E15" author="Baer, J. G." box="[224,348,1807,1833]" pageId="10" pageNumber="137" pagination="63 - 122" refId="ref7259" refString="Baer, J. G. (1948) Contributions a l'etude des cestodes des selaciens. I-IV. Bulletin de la Societe Neuchateloise des Sciences Naturelles, 71, 63 - 122." type="journal article" year="1948">Baer, 1948</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3B8E80DEA647801DFE15E11EC8C72E15" authority="Brooks, Mayes, and Thorson, 1981" authorityName="Brooks, Mayes, and Thorson" authorityYear="1981" box="[407,986,1807,1833]" class="Cestoda" family="Phyllobothriidae" genus="Caulobothrium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetraphyllidea" pageId="10" pageNumber="137" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="uruguayense">
|
||
<emphasis id="CEFA274FA647801DFE15E11EC95B2E14" box="[407,582,1807,1833]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="137">C. uruguayense</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="981F86ACA647801DFDCFE11EC8C72E15" author="Brooks, D. R. & Mayes, M. A. & Thorson, T. B." box="[589,986,1807,1833]" pageId="10" pageNumber="137" pagination="1239 - 1252" refId="ref7293" refString="Brooks, D. R., Mayes, M. A. & Thorson, T. B. (1981) Cestode parasites in Myliobatis goodei Garman (Myliobatiformes: Myliobatidae) from Rio de la Plata, Uruguay, with a summary of cestodes collected from South American elasmobranchs during 1975 - 1979. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 93, 1239 - 1252." type="journal article" year="1981">Brooks, Mayes, and Thorson, 1981</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="FC31FB5DA647801CFF45E122CE1429E9" blockId="10.[151,1437,1339,2013]" lastBlockId="11.[151,1437,151,1114]" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="138" pageId="10" pageNumber="137">
|
||
Prior to the present study, seven of the eight described species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3B8E80DEA647801DFC04E122CF322E71" authorityName="Baer" authorityYear="1948" box="[902,1071,1843,1869]" class="Cestoda" family="Phyllobothriidae" genus="Caulobothrium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetraphyllidea" pageId="10" pageNumber="137" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="CEFA274FA647801DFC04E122CF322E71" box="[902,1071,1843,1869]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="137">Caulobothrium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
had been reported from six of the 11 valid species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3B8E80DEA647801DFEECE146C92A2E4D" authority="Cuvier" authorityName="Cuvier" box="[366,567,1879,1905]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Myliobatis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="137" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="CEFA274FA647801DFEECE146CAF92E4D" box="[366,484,1879,1905]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="137">Myliobatis</emphasis>
|
||
Cuvier
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
currently recognized (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="981F86ACA647801DFCB1E146C8FA2E4E" author="Last, P. R. & White, W. T. & de Carvalho, M. R. & Seret, B. & Stehmann, M. F. W. & Naylor, G. J. P." box="[819,999,1879,1906]" pageId="10" pageNumber="137" refId="ref8128" refString="Last, P. R., White, W. T., de Carvalho, M. R., Seret, B., Stehmann, M. F. W. & Naylor, G. J. P. (2016) Rays of the World. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, New York, 790 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.1071 / 9780643109148" type="book" year="2016">
|
||
Last
|
||
<emphasis id="CEFA274FA647801DFCEEE146C8B92E4D" box="[876,932,1879,1905]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="137">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2016
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The eighth species,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3B8E80DEA647801DFB55E146CE882E4D" authorityName="Coleman, Beveridge, and Campbell" authorityYear="2019" box="[1239,1429,1879,1905]" class="Cestoda" family="Phyllobothriidae" genus="Caulobothrium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetraphyllidea" pageId="10" pageNumber="137" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="pedunculatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="CEFA274FA647801DFB55E146CE882E4D" box="[1239,1429,1879,1905]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="137">C. pedunculatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, was reported from one of the five species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3B8E80DEA647801DFD0DE16AC80B2EA9" box="[655,790,1915,1941]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Dasyatidae" genus="Pastinachus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="137" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="CEFA274FA647801DFD0DE16AC80B2EA9" box="[655,790,1915,1941]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="137">Pastinachus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; the work of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="981F86ACA647801DFC32E16ACF982EA9" author="Healy, C. J. & Caira, J. N. & Jensen, K. & Webster, B. L. & Littlewood, D. T. J." box="[944,1157,1915,1941]" pageId="10" pageNumber="137" pagination="497 - 511" refId="ref7985" refString="Healy, C. J., Caira, J. N., Jensen, K., Webster, B. L. & Littlewood, D. T. J. (2009) Proposal for a new tapeworm order, Rhinebothriidea. International Journal for Parasitology, 39, 497 - 511. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ijpara. 2008.09.002" type="journal article" year="2009">
|
||
Healy
|
||
<emphasis id="CEFA274FA647801DFC79E16ACF2E2EA9" box="[1019,1075,1915,1941]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="137">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2009)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
included an undescribed species provisionally identified as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3B8E80DEA647801DFD90E18EC9A62E85" authority="Caira & Jensen, 2021" authorityName="Caira & Jensen" authorityYear="2021" box="[530,699,1951,1977]" class="Cestoda" family="Phyllobothriidae" genus="Caulobothrium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetraphyllidea" pageId="10" pageNumber="137" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="CEFA274FA647801DFD90E18EC9A62E85" box="[530,699,1951,1977]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="137">Caulobothrium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="CEFA274FA647801DFD43E18EC9E32E85" bold="true" box="[705,766,1951,1977]" pageId="10" pageNumber="137">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="D5C99A34A647801DFD43E18EC9E32E85" box="[705,766,1951,1977]" pageId="10" pageNumber="137" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
4 from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3B8E80DEA647801DFCD6E18ECE802E85" authority="Last, Manjaji, and Yearsley" authorityName="Last, Manjaji, and Yearsley" box="[852,1437,1951,1977]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Dasyatidae" genus="Pastinachus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="137" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="solocirostris">
|
||
<emphasis id="CEFA274FA647801DFCD6E18ECF772E85" box="[852,1130,1951,1977]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="137">Pastinachus solocirostris</emphasis>
|
||
Last, Manjaji, and Yearsley
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(as P. cf. seph
|
||
<emphasis id="CEFA274FA647801DFEB3E1D2CA562EE0" box="[305,331,1987,2012]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="137">en</emphasis>
|
||
). In combination with our report of two new species from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3B8E80DEA647801DFC57E1D2CFA22EE1" box="[981,1215,1987,2013]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Aetomylaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="137" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bovinus">
|
||
<emphasis id="CEFA274FA647801DFC57E1D2CFA22EE1" box="[981,1215,1987,2013]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="137">Aetomylaeus bovinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, at a minimum, this work expands the potential sources of novelty in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3B8E80DEA646801CFD31E686C841298D" authorityName="Caira & Jensen" authorityYear="2021" box="[691,860,151,177]" class="Cestoda" family="Phyllobothriidae" genus="Caulobothrium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetraphyllidea" pageId="11" pageNumber="138" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="CEFA274FA646801CFD31E686C841298D" box="[691,860,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="138">Caulobothrium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
beyond the five species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3B8E80DEA646801CFB0AE686CFE3298D" box="[1160,1278,151,177]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Myliobatis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="11" pageNumber="138" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="CEFA274FA646801CFB0AE686CFE3298D" box="[1160,1278,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="138">Myliobatis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
not yet examined for this cestode genus to include the three species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3B8E80DEA646801CFC97E6AAC88129E9" box="[789,924,187,213]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Dasyatidae" genus="Pastinachus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="11" pageNumber="138" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="CEFA274FA646801CFC97E6AAC88129E9" box="[789,924,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="138">Pastinachus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and six species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3B8E80DEA646801CFBF7E6AACE1E29E9" authorityName="Garman" authorityYear="1908" box="[1141,1283,187,213]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Aetomylaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="11" pageNumber="138" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="CEFA274FA646801CFBF7E6AACE1E29E9" box="[1141,1283,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="138">Aetomylaeus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="FC31FB5DA646801CFF45E6CECF6E2B25" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,1114]" pageId="11" pageNumber="138">
|
||
The phylogenetic trees resulting from the molecular analyses of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="981F86ACA646801CFC0CE6CECF4329C5" author="Healy, C. J. & Caira, J. N. & Jensen, K. & Webster, B. L. & Littlewood, D. T. J." box="[910,1118,223,249]" pageId="11" pageNumber="138" pagination="497 - 511" refId="ref7985" refString="Healy, C. J., Caira, J. N., Jensen, K., Webster, B. L. & Littlewood, D. T. J. (2009) Proposal for a new tapeworm order, Rhinebothriidea. International Journal for Parasitology, 39, 497 - 511. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ijpara. 2008.09.002" type="journal article" year="2009">
|
||
Healy
|
||
<emphasis id="CEFA274FA646801CFC55E6CECF1329C5" box="[983,1038,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="138">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2009)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
placed
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3B8E80DEA646801CFB31E6CECE6829C5" authorityName="Caira & Jensen" authorityYear="2021" box="[1203,1397,223,249]" class="Cestoda" family="Phyllobothriidae" genus="Caulobothrium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetraphyllidea" pageId="11" pageNumber="138" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="multispelaeum">
|
||
<emphasis id="CEFA274FA646801CFB31E6CECFDB29C5" box="[1203,1222,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="138">C</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="CEFA274FA646801CFB50E6CECE6829C5" box="[1234,1397,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="138">multispelaeum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3B8E80DEA646801CFF15E712CA5F2821" authority="Caira & Jensen, 2021" authorityName="Caira & Jensen" authorityYear="2021" box="[151,322,259,285]" class="Cestoda" family="Phyllobothriidae" genus="Caulobothrium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetraphyllidea" pageId="11" pageNumber="138" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="CEFA274FA646801CFF15E712CA5F2821" box="[151,322,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="138">Caulobothrium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="CEFA274FA646801CFECBE712CA9A2821" bold="true" box="[329,391,259,285]" pageId="11" pageNumber="138">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="D5C99A34A646801CFECBE712CA9A2821" box="[329,391,259,285]" pageId="11" pageNumber="138" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
2) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3B8E80DEA646801CFE59E712C92D2821" authorityName="Caira & Jensen" authorityYear="2021" box="[475,560,259,285]" class="Cestoda" family="Phyllobothriidae" genus="Caulobothrium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetraphyllidea" pageId="11" pageNumber="138" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="katzi">
|
||
<emphasis id="CEFA274FA646801CFE59E712CAF32821" box="[475,494,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="138">C</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="CEFA274FA646801CFE79E712C92D2821" box="[507,560,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="138">katzi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3B8E80DEA646801CFDDCE712C8142821" authority="Caira & Jensen, 2021" authorityName="Caira & Jensen" authorityYear="2021" box="[606,777,259,285]" class="Cestoda" family="Phyllobothriidae" genus="Caulobothrium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetraphyllidea" pageId="11" pageNumber="138" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="CEFA274FA646801CFDDCE712C8142821" box="[606,777,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="138">Caulobothrium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="CEFA274FA646801CFC92E712C8532821" bold="true" box="[784,846,259,285]" pageId="11" pageNumber="138">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="D5C99A34A646801CFC92E712C8532821" box="[784,846,259,285]" pageId="11" pageNumber="138" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
3) as sister taxa robustly within a clade composed of the six other species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3B8E80DEA646801CFE1DE736C957287D" authorityName="Caira & Jensen" authorityYear="2021" box="[415,586,295,321]" class="Cestoda" family="Phyllobothriidae" genus="Caulobothrium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetraphyllidea" pageId="11" pageNumber="138" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="CEFA274FA646801CFE1DE736C957287D" box="[415,586,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="138">Caulobothrium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
included in their analyses. Although both species parasitize
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3B8E80DEA646801CFB6DE736CE7B287D" box="[1263,1382,295,321]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Aetomylaeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="11" pageNumber="138" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bovinus">
|
||
<emphasis id="CEFA274FA646801CFB6DE736CE7B287D" box="[1263,1382,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="138">A. bovinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, this result is perplexing given the remarkably dissimilar morphologies and sizes of these two species—at
|
||
<quantity id="3B7656B8A646801CFA97E75ACE802859" box="[1301,1437,331,357]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.55" metricValueMax="3.4" metricValueMin="1.7" pageId="11" pageNumber="138" unit="mm" value="2.55" valueMax="3.4" valueMin="1.7">1.7–3.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
in TL,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3B8E80DEA646801CFF66E77ECABA28B5" authorityName="Caira & Jensen" authorityYear="2021" box="[228,423,367,393]" class="Cestoda" family="Phyllobothriidae" genus="Caulobothrium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetraphyllidea" pageId="11" pageNumber="138" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="multispelaeum">
|
||
<emphasis id="CEFA274FA646801CFF66E77ECABA28B5" box="[228,423,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="138">C. multispelaeum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is essentially one of the smallest members of the genus and at
|
||
<quantity id="3B7656B8A646801CFBEAE77ECFEE28B5" box="[1128,1267,367,393]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.65" metricValueMax="12.6" metricValueMin="6.7" pageId="11" pageNumber="138" unit="cm" value="9.65" valueMax="12.6" valueMin="6.7">6.7–12.6 cm</quantity>
|
||
in TL,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3B8E80DEA646801CFAC5E77ECE8128B5" authorityName="Caira & Jensen" authorityYear="2021" box="[1351,1436,367,393]" class="Cestoda" family="Phyllobothriidae" genus="Caulobothrium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetraphyllidea" pageId="11" pageNumber="138" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="katzi">
|
||
<emphasis id="CEFA274FA646801CFAC5E77ECE8128B5" box="[1351,1436,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="138">C. katzi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is one of the largest. Yet, a similar phenomenon may exist in the bat eagle ray,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3B8E80DEA646801CFB8CE782CE0E2891" authorityName="Gill" authorityYear="1865" box="[1038,1299,403,429]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Myliobatidae" genus="Myliobatis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myliobatiformes" pageId="11" pageNumber="138" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="californicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="CEFA274FA646801CFB8CE782CE0E2891" box="[1038,1299,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="138">Myliobatis californicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from which
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="981F86ACA646801CFF15E7A6CA3928ED" author="Riser, N. W." box="[151,292,438,465]" pageId="11" pageNumber="138" pagination="265 - 311" refId="ref8259" refString="Riser, N. W. (1955) Studies on cestode parasites of sharks and skates. Journal of the Tennessee Academy of Science, 30, 265 - 311." type="journal article" year="1955">Riser (1955)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
described the small
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3B8E80DEA646801CFD8FE7A6C9A528ED" authorityName="Carvajal" authorityYear="1977" box="[525,696,439,465]" class="Cestoda" family="Phyllobothriidae" genus="Caulobothrium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetraphyllidea" pageId="11" pageNumber="138" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="myliobatidis">
|
||
<emphasis id="CEFA274FA646801CFD8FE7A6C9A528ED" box="[525,696,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="138">C. myliobatidis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<quantity id="3B7656B8A646801CFD4AE7A7C82128ED" box="[712,828,438,465]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.25" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="11" pageNumber="138" unit="mm" value="4.25" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="2.5">2.5–6 mm</quantity>
|
||
in TL) and the giant
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3B8E80DEA646801CFBAFE7A6CFF328ED" authorityName="Riser" authorityYear="1955" box="[1069,1262,439,465]" class="Cestoda" family="Phyllobothriidae" genus="Caulobothrium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetraphyllidea" pageId="11" pageNumber="138" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="tetrascaphium">
|
||
<emphasis id="CEFA274FA646801CFBAFE7A6CFF328ED" box="[1069,1262,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="138">C. tetrascaphium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(over
|
||
<quantity id="3B7656B8A646801CFABBE7A6CE6228ED" box="[1337,1407,439,465]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="138" unit="cm" value="20.0">20 cm</quantity>
|
||
in TL). Although molecular data are not available for these species at this time, it would be interesting to examine their phylogenetic relationships both relative to one another and their congeners in the future.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="FC31FB5DA646801CFF45E432C9AA2A29" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,1114]" pageId="11" pageNumber="138">
|
||
The evolutionary relationships and higher classification of the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3B8E80DEA646801CFC48E432CF682B01" authorityName="Caira & Jensen" authorityYear="2021" box="[970,1141,547,573]" class="Cestoda" family="Phyllobothriidae" genus="Caulobothrium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetraphyllidea" pageId="11" pageNumber="138" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="CEFA274FA646801CFC48E432CF682B01" box="[970,1141,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="138">Caulobothrium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
remain uncertain. Despite its possession of bothridial stalks—a feature that characterizes members of the Rhinebothriidea—molecular phylogenetic analyses (e.g.,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="981F86ACA646801CFE15E47AC9452BB9" author="Caira, J. N. & Jensen, K. & Waeschenbach, A. & Olson, P. D. & Littlewood, D. T. J." box="[407,600,619,645]" pageId="11" pageNumber="138" pagination="55 - 73" refId="ref7610" refString="Caira, J. N., Jensen, K., Waeschenbach, A., Olson, P. D. & Littlewood, D. T. J. (2014) Orders out of chaos-molecular phylogenetics reveals the complexity of shark and stingray tapeworm relationships. International Journal for Parasitology, 44, 55 - 73. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ijpara. 2013.10.004" type="journal article" year="2014">
|
||
Caira
|
||
<emphasis id="CEFA274FA646801CFE5EE47AC9082BB9" box="[476,533,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="138">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2014
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="981F86ACA646801CFDE6E47AC9832BB9" author="Caira, J. N. & Jensen, K. & Ruhnke, T. R." box="[612,670,619,645]" pageId="11" pageNumber="138" pagination="371 - 400" refId="ref7517" refString="Caira, J. N., Jensen, K. & Ruhnke, T. R. (2017) " Tetraphyllidea " van Beneden, 1849 relics. In: Caira, J. N. & Jensen, K. (Eds.), Planetary Biodiversity Inventory (2008 - 2017): Tapeworms from Vertebrate Bowels of the Earth. University of Kansas, Natural History Museum, Special Publication No. 25. University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, pp. 371 - 400." type="book chapter" year="2017">2017</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) place this taxon among the more than 20 genera that remain in the “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3B8E80DEA646801CFF23E49ECA512B95" box="[161,332,655,681]" class="Cestoda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetraphyllidea" pageId="11" pageNumber="138" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="order">Tetraphyllidea</taxonomicName>
|
||
”. However, given the highly polyphyletic nature of the latter taxon and the essentially completely unresolved interrelationships of its various independent lineages relative to one another and to other cestode orders, the true ordinal affinities of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3B8E80DEA646801CFE4FE4C6C9652BCD" authorityName="Caira & Jensen" authorityYear="2021" box="[461,632,727,753]" class="Cestoda" family="Phyllobothriidae" genus="Caulobothrium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetraphyllidea" pageId="11" pageNumber="138" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="CEFA274FA646801CFE4FE4C6C9652BCD" box="[461,632,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="138">Caulobothrium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are unclear. These same uncertain phylogenetic affinities also hinder the assignment of this genus to a family at this time.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="FC31FB5DA646801CFF45E50ECE2A2D65" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,1114]" pageId="11" pageNumber="138">
|
||
To our knowledge, the unusual, PAS-positive medial longitudinal grooves and tandem series of elliptical apertures seen throughout the dorsal and ventral surfaces of the strobila of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3B8E80DEA646801CFC6AE552CFB22A61" authorityName="Caira & Jensen" authorityYear="2021" box="[1000,1199,835,861]" class="Cestoda" family="Phyllobothriidae" genus="Caulobothrium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetraphyllidea" pageId="11" pageNumber="138" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="multispelaeum">
|
||
<emphasis id="CEFA274FA646801CFC6AE552CFB22A61" box="[1000,1199,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="138">C. multispelaeum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have been observed previously in only one other group of cestodes.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="981F86ACA646801CFD2AE576C8732ABD" author="Koch, K. R. & Jensen, K. & Caira, J. N." box="[680,878,871,897]" pageId="11" pageNumber="138" pagination="175 - 198" refId="ref8056" refString="Koch, K. R., Jensen, K. & Caira, J. N. (2012) Three new genera and six new species of lecanicephalideans (Cestoda) from eagle rays of the genus Aetomylaeus (Myliobatiformes: Myliobatidae) from northern Australia and Borneo. Journal of Parasitology, 98, 175 - 198. https: // doi. org / 10.1645 / GE- 2798.1" type="journal article" year="2012">
|
||
Koch
|
||
<emphasis id="CEFA274FA646801CFD69E576C83E2ABD" box="[747,803,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="138">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2012
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; pg. 182) reported “a region of musculo-glandular tissue along midline of dorsal and ventral surfaces manifested externally as tandem series of depressions” in all three species of the lecanicephalidean genus
|
||
<emphasis id="CEFA274FA646801CFD11E5BEC85B2AF5" box="[659,838,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="138">Elicilacunonsus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="981F86ACA646801CFCCCE5BECFBA2AF5" author="Koch, K. R. & Jensen, K. & Caira, J. N." box="[846,1191,943,969]" pageId="11" pageNumber="138" pagination="175 - 198" refId="ref8056" refString="Koch, K. R., Jensen, K. & Caira, J. N. (2012) Three new genera and six new species of lecanicephalideans (Cestoda) from eagle rays of the genus Aetomylaeus (Myliobatiformes: Myliobatidae) from northern Australia and Borneo. Journal of Parasitology, 98, 175 - 198. https: // doi. org / 10.1645 / GE- 2798.1" type="journal article" year="2012">Koch, Jensen, and Caira, 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||
they examined. They too found these structures to be PAS positive. Observing no connection between the depressions and the internal organs of these worm, they hypothesized that these grooves may function in attachment to the mucosal surface of the host’s spiral intestine. An adhesive function for this structure is similarly possible in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3B8E80DEA646801CFBE2E20ACE3E2D09" authorityName="Caira & Jensen" authorityYear="2021" box="[1120,1315,1051,1077]" class="Cestoda" family="Phyllobothriidae" genus="Caulobothrium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetraphyllidea" pageId="11" pageNumber="138" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="multispelaeum">
|
||
<emphasis id="CEFA274FA646801CFBE2E20ACE3E2D09" box="[1120,1315,1051,1077]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="138">C. multispelaeum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. However, the actual function (or functions) of these curious structures in these genera requires further investigation.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |