treatments-xml/data/03/BC/86/03BC8649FF92FF81FDD2FD36DF82B776.xml

<document id="74B0A0535B7405C7A32BE8E59898B1E4" ID-CLB-Dataset="21986" ID-DOI="10.5852/ejt.2017.361" ID-GBIF-Dataset="db3fd15a-2d90-4f3f-87f8-10b8953e26a5" ID-ISSN="2118-9773" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3836508" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1589998651298" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Fend, Steven V., Rodriguez, Pilar, Achurra, Ainara &amp; Erséus, Christer" docDate="2017" docId="03BC8649FF92FF81FDD2FD36DF82B776" docLanguage="en" docName="ejt-2017-361.pdf.imf" docOrigin="European Journal of Taxonomy 361" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911.14:EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911" docStyleName="EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Kincaidiana smithi Fend &amp; Rodriguez &amp; Achurra &amp; Erséus 2017, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="9485884B-2496-42B0-8488-5A1A89514F9C" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="19" masterDocId="FF85FE31FF9FFF93FFD7FFD9DE4DB573" masterDocTitle="On Kincaidiana Altman, 1936 and Guestphalinus Michaelsen, 1933 (Annelida, Clitellata, Lumbriculidae), with the descriptions of three new species" masterLastPageNumber="46" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="14" updateTime="1698840559482" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-3.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-3.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="5531315413CC54A4F1EA8C24D6704EEB">On Kincaidiana Altman, 1936 and Guestphalinus Michaelsen, 1933 (Annelida, Clitellata, Lumbriculidae), with the descriptions of three new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="102238DF9C2DF636D665243DAD2350F5">Fend, Steven V.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="283B6E60A212820AA4B4C6119AADA75B">US Geological Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd., Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA. &amp; urn: lsid: zoobank. org: author: E 0 C 611 FA- 9619 - 4 DFD- 9701 - 026417181232 &amp; Corresponding author: svfend @ usgs. gov</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="3CC607BC4B7CF6F5FE2E6298A4A6ED90">Rodriguez, Pilar</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="EF137BD327F7BB4D715BB93F2162C2E1">University of the Basque Country, UPV / EHU, Sarriena s / n, Leioa 48940, Spain. &amp; Email: pilar. rodriguez @ ehu. eus &amp; urn: lsid: zoobank. org: author: C 4600 D 2 B- 17 E 2 - 4 CD 0 - AE 75 - B 79 BA 9 DD 35 D 6</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="80362E779B61F56A394FD120858F9201">Achurra, Ainara</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="986A784D963A568C61EE46B116DF4F6E">University of the Basque Country, UPV / EHU, Sarriena s / n, Leioa 48940, Spain. &amp; Email: ainara. achurra @ ehu. eus &amp; urn: lsid: zoobank. org: author: 105572 EB-B 070 - 4 BE 4 - 93 D 2 - 50 FA 50847 C 9 E</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="41DCF5ADCF2B6948F078911C0D0F0DFF">Erséus, Christer</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="2997328E7897A0D13BA1D2AE6BB7B787">University of Gothenburg, SE- 405 30 Göteborg, Sweden. &amp; Email: christer. erseus @ bioenv. gu. se &amp; urn: lsid: zoobank. org: author: D 98 F 606 A-B 273 - 4 F 50 - 95 F 5 - C 35 F 17 B 12 C 85</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:date id="B5CEBDEC82B9FC520C93B9D7380D5DF3">2017</mods:date>
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<taxonomicName id="4C154CDCFF92FF9EFDD2FD36DD80B67A" ID-CoL="8Q7MJ" authority="Fend &amp; Rodriguez" authorityName="Fend &amp; Rodriguez &amp; Achurra &amp; Erséus" authorityYear="2017" box="[517,973,751,778]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Kincaidiana" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="smithi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B961EB4DFF92FF9EFDD2FD36DCA6B679" bold="true" box="[517,747,751,778]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Kincaidiana smithi</emphasis>
Fend &amp; Rodriguez
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urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 
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<figureCitation id="132E2BDAFF92FF9EFD30FCE1DD00B620" box="[743,845,824,851]" captionStart-0="Fig" captionStart-1="Fig" captionStartId-0="14.[189,232,1824,1850]" captionStartId-1="16.[189,231,1718,1744]" captionTargetBox-0="[200,1394,267,1779]" captionTargetBox-1="[281,1306,263,1692]" captionTargetId-0="figure@14.[189,1398,263,1786]" captionTargetId-1="figure@16.[281,1306,263,1692]" captionTargetPageId-0="14" captionTargetPageId-1="16" captionText-0="Fig. 4. Kincaidiana smithi Fend &amp; Rodriguez sp. nov., from the type locality, except for C, from seep by South Fork Smith River, CA. A. Complete worm, lateral and ventral views, showing location of reproductive pores. B. Representative chaetae: Roman numerals indicate segment number; dorsal chaetae with tips upward, ventrals with tips down. C. Reproductive organs in IX-XI. D. Reproductive organs in IX-XI, from a sagittal section (middle portion of atrium missing). E. An atrium, joined by both vasa deferentia. F. A spermatheca." captionText-1="Fig. 5. Kincaidiana smithi Fend &amp; Rodriguez sp. nov., from the type locality. B–C, I–L, N–O from sagittal sections; D–H, M from dissections. A. Ventral view of an entire worm, stained with hematoxylin, showing positions of genital pores. B. Body wall in segment III, showing longitudinal and transverse muscle layers. C. Nephridial funnel and postseptal expansion. D. Chaetae in V dorsal. E. IV ventral. F–G. Chaetae in posterior segments; (F) is detail of tip, showing slight keel. H. Spermatheca. I. Junction of spermathecal “duct” and “ampulla”; sperm are in the ampullar part. J. Ectal end of spermathecal duct, with sperm lined up along epithelium. K. Spermathecal vestibule and ectal end of duct, with muscular sphincter. L. Atrium with prostate glands. M–N. Penis and male porophore. O. Vas deferens joining atrium near middle. Scale bars: A = 1 mm; B–C, G, J–L, O = 100 µm; D–F = 50 µm; H–I, M–N = 200 µm." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3836516" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3836518" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/3836516/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/3836518/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Figs 4–5</figureCitation>
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<emphasis id="B961EB4DFF92FF9EFF6AFCA1DF09B6E1" bold="true" box="[189,324,888,914]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Etymology</emphasis>
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<paragraph id="8BAA375FFF92FF9EFF6AFC7EDF83B696" blockId="13.[189,1398,935,997]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Named for Prof. Jerry Smith, in recognition of his contributions to the ecology and management of Pacific coastal streams.</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="B961EB4DFF92FF9EFF6AFBD5DFE7B155" bold="true" box="[189,426,1036,1062]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Material examined</emphasis>
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<collectingCountry id="F30277CFFF92FF9EFF6AFB86DC17B10B" box="[189,602,1118,1145]" name="United States of America" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">UNITED STATES OF AMERICA</collectingCountry>
: a dissected worm, stained in hematoxylin and mounted in 
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balsam, 
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, 
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, 
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below forks, 
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<collectingDate id="EFEFE877FF92FF9EFC01FB5BDA24B1EF" box="[982,1129,1154,1180]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="2003-06-08">8 Jun. 2003</collectingDate>
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, 
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leg. (
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).
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<typeStatus id="54AE89FDFF92FF9EFF3DFB3EDF2AB072" box="[234,359,1255,1281]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
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<collectingCountry id="F30277CFFF92FF9EFF6AFAD2DC1DB057" box="[189,592,1290,1317]" name="United States of America" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">UNITED STATES OF AMERICA</collectingCountry>
: 1 dissected, same data as for 
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(
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1422282); 1 dissected, same data as for 
<typeStatus id="54AE89FDFF92FF9EFEAAFAF4DFA9B034" box="[381,484,1325,1351]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
(
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220930); 1 sagittally sectioned, same locality as for 
<typeStatus id="54AE89FDFF92FF9EFB7EFAF4DB5EB034" box="[1193,1299,1325,1351]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
, 
<date id="FFAB119FFF92FF9EFACAFAF7DEB6B018" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="2009-05-10">10 May 2009</date>
, S. Fend and P. Rodriguez leg. (
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220928); 1 dissected, seep by South Fork Smith River, 
<date id="FFAB119FFF92FF9EFA8EFA88DF7AB0FC" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="2009-05-10">10 May 2009</date>
, S. Fend and P. Rodriguez leg. (
<collectionCode id="ED04AF9AFF92FF9EFD71FAACDCB0B0FC" box="[678,765,1397,1423]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">CASIZ</collectionCode>
220931); 1 dissected, same data as preceding (
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16.03/3102).
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<emphasis id="B961EB4DFF92FF9EFF3DFA00DFACB080" bold="true" box="[234,481,1497,1523]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Additional material</emphasis>
(all partially-mature)
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<collectingCountry id="F30277CFFF92FF9EFF6AFA27DC1FB364" box="[189,594,1533,1560]" name="United States of America" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">UNITED STATES OF AMERICA</collectingCountry>
: 1 sagittally sectioned, 2 dissected, 1 whole mount, 
<quantity id="4CED9ABAFF92FF9EFB7FFA24DA99B364" box="[1192,1236,1533,1559]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.62" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="in" value="3.0">3 in</quantity>
alcohol, from 
<typeStatus id="54AE89FDFF92FF9EFF6AF9F8DEBDB348" box="[189,240,1569,1595]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">type</typeStatus>
locality, 
<date id="FFAB119FFF92FF9EFE8BF9F8DFA0B348" box="[348,493,1569,1595]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="2003-06-08">8 June 2003</date>
; 2 dissected, same locality as preceding, 
<date id="FFAB119FFF92FF9EFC19F9F8DA23B348" box="[974,1134,1569,1595]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="2009-05-10">10 May 2009</date>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAA375FFF92FF9EFF6AF9BBDF36B30F" blockId="13.[189,379,1634,1660]" box="[189,379,1634,1660]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<heading id="D0E28033FF92FF9EFF6AF9BBDF36B30F" bold="true" box="[189,379,1634,1660]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B961EB4DFF92FF9EFF6AF9BBDF36B30F" bold="true" box="[189,379,1634,1660]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Molecular data</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAA375FFF92FF9EFF6AF948DAB3B3D8" blockId="13.[189,1278,1681,1707]" box="[189,1278,1681,1707]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
COI and 16S sequences correspond to topotypic voucher 
<collectionCode id="ED04AF9AFF92FF9EFCB7F948DDF8B3D8" box="[864,949,1681,1707]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">CASIZ</collectionCode>
<date id="FFAB119FFF92FF9EFC6BF948DA59B3D8" box="[956,1044,1681,1707]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="29-09-22">220929</date>
(details in 
<tableCitation id="C69702E4FF92FF9EFB41F948DAA1B3D8" box="[1174,1260,1681,1707]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="3.[187,256,597,625]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Table 1 (continued on next page). List of taxa and specimens used in the molecular study, corresponding GenBank accession numbers, voucher data, localities and sampling data. “Specimen” numbers refer to the catalog number in the database of C. Erséus. New sequences are indicated by bold. Both COI sequences for G. elephantinus sp. nov. are identical." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF6A67D7FF9CFF90FF6CFD8CDD15B7C4" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" tableUuid="DF6A67D7FF9CFF90FF6CFD8CDD15B7C4">Table 1</tableCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30F64D4FF92FF82FF6AF90BDDDDB6CF" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="18" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BAA375FFF92FF9EFF6AF90BDF03B39F" blockId="13.[189,334,1746,1772]" box="[189,334,1746,1772]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<heading id="D0E28033FF92FF9EFF6AF90BDF03B39F" bold="true" box="[189,334,1746,1772]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B961EB4DFF92FF9EFF6AF90BDF03B39F" bold="true" box="[189,334,1746,1772]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Description</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAA375FFF92FF9EFF6AF8D8DB43B2F5" blockId="13.[189,1398,1791,1926]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
Medium-sized to large worms (
<tableCitation id="C69702E4FF92FF9EFDE1F8D8DCDEB268" box="[566,659,1793,1819]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="10.[189,258,268,294]" captionTargetId="graphics@10.[189,1398,623,1259]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Table 2. Descriptive measurements (mean, range, and n) for Kincaidiana hexatheca Altman, 1936" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF6A67D7FF95FF99FF6AFED5DFD4B41F" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" tableUuid="DF6A67D7FF95FF99FF6AFED5DFD4B41F">Table 2</tableCitation>
); prostomium short, length about ½ width; filiform proboscis 
<quantity id="4CED9ABAFF92FF9EFF6AF8FCDF6FB24C" box="[189,290,1829,1855]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="mm" value="1.5" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.0">1–2 mm</quantity>
long, 
<quantity id="4CED9ABAFF92FF9EFEA4F8FCDC5FB24C" box="[371,530,1829,1855]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" metricValueMax="1.6" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="mm" value="0.13" valueMax="0.16" valueMin="0.1">0.1–0.16 mm</quantity>
diameter, not widened at base, externally ringed with multiple shallow constrictions (
<figureCitation id="132E2BDAFF92FF9EFEB2F891DF88B211" box="[357,453,1864,1890]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="14.[189,232,1824,1850]" captionTargetBox="[200,1394,267,1779]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[189,1398,263,1786]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Fig. 4. Kincaidiana smithi Fend &amp; Rodriguez sp. nov., from the type locality, except for C, from seep by South Fork Smith River, CA. A. Complete worm, lateral and ventral views, showing location of reproductive pores. B. Representative chaetae: Roman numerals indicate segment number; dorsal chaetae with tips upward, ventrals with tips down. C. Reproductive organs in IX-XI. D. Reproductive organs in IX-XI, from a sagittal section (middle portion of atrium missing). E. An atrium, joined by both vasa deferentia. F. A spermatheca." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3836516" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3836516/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 4A</figureCitation>
). Body segmentation externally distinct in anterior segments, weak in clitellum and posteriorly; secondary annulation may appear as a narrow posterior ring in V–VII or VIII.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAA375FFF92FF9EFF6AF874DB3AB298" blockId="13.[189,1399,1965,2027]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
Chaetae two per bundle; those in II to (VII)VIII (IX) directed anteriad, others directed posteriad. Chaetae in II or III to VI or VIII appear bifid with large, flat ventral tooth and thinner dorsal tooth (
<figureCitation id="132E2BDAFF92FF9EFB3EF808DB60B298" box="[1257,1325,2000,2027]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="16.[189,231,1718,1744]" captionTargetBox="[281,1306,263,1692]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[281,1306,263,1692]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Fig. 5. Kincaidiana smithi Fend &amp; Rodriguez sp. nov., from the type locality. B–C, I–L, N–O from sagittal sections; D–H, M from dissections. A. Ventral view of an entire worm, stained with hematoxylin, showing positions of genital pores. B. Body wall in segment III, showing longitudinal and transverse muscle layers. C. Nephridial funnel and postseptal expansion. D. Chaetae in V dorsal. E. IV ventral. F–G. Chaetae in posterior segments; (F) is detail of tip, showing slight keel. H. Spermatheca. I. Junction of spermathecal “duct” and “ampulla”; sperm are in the ampullar part. J. Ectal end of spermathecal duct, with sperm lined up along epithelium. K. Spermathecal vestibule and ectal end of duct, with muscular sphincter. L. Atrium with prostate glands. M–N. Penis and male porophore. O. Vas deferens joining atrium near middle. Scale bars: A = 1 mm; B–C, G, J–L, O = 100 µm; D–F = 50 µm; H–I, M–N = 200 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3836518" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3836518/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
D–E);
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF6A67D7FF91FF9DFF6AF8F9DC1CB299" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3836516" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3836516" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3836516/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" startId="14.[189,232,1824,1850]" targetBox="[200,1394,267,1779]" targetPageId="14">
<paragraph id="8BAA375FFF91FF9DFF6AF8F9DC1CB299" blockId="14.[189,1399,1824,2027]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<emphasis id="B961EB4DFF91FF9DFF6AF8F9DF41B249" bold="true" box="[189,268,1824,1850]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 4.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C154CDCFF91FF9DFEC3F8F9DC96B249" authority="Fend &amp; Rodriguez" authorityName="Fend &amp; Rodriguez &amp; Achurra &amp; Erséus" authorityYear="2017" box="[276,731,1824,1850]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Kincaidiana" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="smithi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B961EB4DFF91FF9DFEC3F8F9DFBBB249" box="[276,502,1824,1850]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Kincaidiana smithi</emphasis>
Fend &amp; Rodriguez
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2525636FF91FF9DFD34F8F8DD0FB248" box="[739,834,1825,1851]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, from the type locality, except for C, from seep by South Fork Smith River, CA. 
<emphasis id="B961EB4DFF91FF9DFD84F89ADC25B22E" bold="true" box="[595,616,1859,1885]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">A</emphasis>
. Complete worm, lateral and ventral views, showing location of reproductive pores. 
<emphasis id="B961EB4DFF91FF9DFE63F8BEDF85B2F2" bold="true" box="[436,456,1895,1921]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">B</emphasis>
. Representative chaetae: Roman numerals indicate segment number; dorsal chaetae with tips upward, ventrals with tips down. 
<emphasis id="B961EB4DFF91FF9DFCCCF850DD7DB2D0" bold="true" box="[795,816,1929,1955]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">C</emphasis>
. Reproductive organs in IX-XI. 
<emphasis id="B961EB4DFF91FF9DFB64F853DA85B2D7" bold="true" box="[1203,1224,1930,1956]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">D</emphasis>
. Reproductive organs in IX-XI, from a sagittal section (middle portion of atrium missing). 
<emphasis id="B961EB4DFF91FF9DFBFDF874DA73B2B4" bold="true" box="[1066,1086,1965,1991]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">E</emphasis>
. An atrium, joined by both vasa deferentia. 
<emphasis id="B961EB4DFF91FF9DFEABF809DFC3B299" bold="true" box="[380,398,2000,2026]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">F</emphasis>
. A spermatheca.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BAA375FFF90FF9CFF6AFED5DA00B735" blockId="15.[189,1399,267,582]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
some chaetae with a thin dorsal keel above the upper tooth (
<figureCitation id="132E2BDAFF90FF9CFCA3FED2DD9DB456" box="[884,976,267,293]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="14.[189,232,1824,1850]" captionTargetBox="[200,1394,267,1779]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[189,1398,263,1786]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Fig. 4. Kincaidiana smithi Fend &amp; Rodriguez sp. nov., from the type locality, except for C, from seep by South Fork Smith River, CA. A. Complete worm, lateral and ventral views, showing location of reproductive pores. B. Representative chaetae: Roman numerals indicate segment number; dorsal chaetae with tips upward, ventrals with tips down. C. Reproductive organs in IX-XI. D. Reproductive organs in IX-XI, from a sagittal section (middle portion of atrium missing). E. An atrium, joined by both vasa deferentia. F. A spermatheca." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3836516" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3836516/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. 4B</figureCitation>
). Modified anterior chaetae strongly arcuate distal to the nodulus; shortest in II, gradually increasing in size from III to VI, maximum anterior chaeta length 270–470 μm. Within each pair, median (inner) chaeta has nodulus 0.3–0.4 the distance from the tip; lateral (outer) chaeta may be slightly thicker, with more distal nodulus, 0.25–0.3 distance from tip. Chaetae in IV–VII may be longer and thicker (width 15–22 μm) than more posterior chaetae (width 11–15 μm). Posterior to VI–VIII, chaetae usually simple-pointed (
<figureCitation id="132E2BDAFF90FF9CFBC2FE66DA3CB4AA" box="[1045,1137,447,473]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="14.[189,232,1824,1850]" captionTargetBox="[200,1394,267,1779]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[189,1398,263,1786]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Fig. 4. Kincaidiana smithi Fend &amp; Rodriguez sp. nov., from the type locality, except for C, from seep by South Fork Smith River, CA. A. Complete worm, lateral and ventral views, showing location of reproductive pores. B. Representative chaetae: Roman numerals indicate segment number; dorsal chaetae with tips upward, ventrals with tips down. C. Reproductive organs in IX-XI. D. Reproductive organs in IX-XI, from a sagittal section (middle portion of atrium missing). E. An atrium, joined by both vasa deferentia. F. A spermatheca." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3836516" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3836516/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. 4B</figureCitation>
), moderately sigmoid, and directed posteriad; dorsals about the same length as ventrals. Within each posterior pair, lateral chaeta has slightly more distal nodulus. Chaetae in segments posterior to about LXXX may be strongly arcuate; dorsal pairs may appear slightly bifid or with an upper keel (
<figureCitation id="132E2BDAFF90FF9CFC31FDF2DA72B735" box="[998,1087,555,582]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="16.[189,231,1718,1744]" captionTargetBox="[281,1306,263,1692]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[281,1306,263,1692]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Fig. 5. Kincaidiana smithi Fend &amp; Rodriguez sp. nov., from the type locality. B–C, I–L, N–O from sagittal sections; D–H, M from dissections. A. Ventral view of an entire worm, stained with hematoxylin, showing positions of genital pores. B. Body wall in segment III, showing longitudinal and transverse muscle layers. C. Nephridial funnel and postseptal expansion. D. Chaetae in V dorsal. E. IV ventral. F–G. Chaetae in posterior segments; (F) is detail of tip, showing slight keel. H. Spermatheca. I. Junction of spermathecal “duct” and “ampulla”; sperm are in the ampullar part. J. Ectal end of spermathecal duct, with sperm lined up along epithelium. K. Spermathecal vestibule and ectal end of duct, with muscular sphincter. L. Atrium with prostate glands. M–N. Penis and male porophore. O. Vas deferens joining atrium near middle. Scale bars: A = 1 mm; B–C, G, J–L, O = 100 µm; D–F = 50 µm; H–I, M–N = 200 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3836518" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3836518/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. 5F</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAA375FFF90FF9CFF6AFDB4DB1FB6D4" blockId="15.[189,1399,621,935]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
Epidermis in anterior segments 
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thick; in clitellum 
<quantity id="4CED9ABAFF90FF9CFC58FDB4DA46B7FB" box="[911,1035,621,648]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" unit="mm" value="60.0" valueMax="70.0" valueMin="50.0">50–70 µm</quantity>
, thinner in posterior segments. Clitellum from about mid-VII to mid-XIII. In anterior segments, circular muscle layer of body wall arranged in a series of transverse bands with gaps between (
<figureCitation id="132E2BDAFF90FF9CFC59FD6CDDA1B7A3" box="[910,1004,693,720]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="16.[189,231,1718,1744]" captionTargetBox="[281,1306,263,1692]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[281,1306,263,1692]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Fig. 5. Kincaidiana smithi Fend &amp; Rodriguez sp. nov., from the type locality. B–C, I–L, N–O from sagittal sections; D–H, M from dissections. A. Ventral view of an entire worm, stained with hematoxylin, showing positions of genital pores. B. Body wall in segment III, showing longitudinal and transverse muscle layers. C. Nephridial funnel and postseptal expansion. D. Chaetae in V dorsal. E. IV ventral. F–G. Chaetae in posterior segments; (F) is detail of tip, showing slight keel. H. Spermatheca. I. Junction of spermathecal “duct” and “ampulla”; sperm are in the ampullar part. J. Ectal end of spermathecal duct, with sperm lined up along epithelium. K. Spermathecal vestibule and ectal end of duct, with muscular sphincter. L. Atrium with prostate glands. M–N. Penis and male porophore. O. Vas deferens joining atrium near middle. Scale bars: A = 1 mm; B–C, G, J–L, O = 100 µm; D–F = 50 µm; H–I, M–N = 200 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3836518" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3836518/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. 5B</figureCitation>
); this layer is 
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thick in pre-clitellar segments, gradually narrowing posteriorly down to 5–7 μm and appearing homogeneous. Longitudinal muscle layer of body wall 
<quantity id="4CED9ABAFF90FF9CFD71FD24DD7DB66B" box="[678,816,765,792]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="7.0" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" unit="mm" value="85.0" valueMax="100.0" valueMin="70.0">70–100 µm</quantity>
thick in anterior and middle segments. Pharynx from I–III or IV, with dorsal and lateral wall moderately thickened; transition to esophagus indistinct. Pharyngeal glands V–VII, with dorsolateral, median and ventrolateral lobes joining at posterior septa; lobes are joined between segments by thin extensions. No abrupt division between esophagus and intestine. Chloragogen cells cover gut beginning in VII. Brain in the peristomium, not deeply lobed.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAA375FFF90FF9CFF6AFC16DF31B022" blockId="15.[189,1399,975,1361]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Dorsal blood vessel separate from gut to about VIII, then closely appressed posteriorly. One pair of commissural blood vessels join dorsal blood vessel near posterior septum between II and about XX; these vessels lack a dense chloragogen layer; in pre-clitellar segments they are long and sinuous; those originating in II–VI join the ventral vessel(s) in the next segment; posteriorly, they are shorter, and join both dorsal and ventral vessels in the same segment. A pair of lateral, blind blood vessels, covered with chloragogen cells, joins the dorsal vessel in the anterior part of segments beginning in about XVI; at first, these are short and unbranched, but by XXV they reach the ventral part of the body, and have up to 10 long branches; by XL they may have more than 20 branches and fill much of the coelom. A second pair of blind, branched lateral blood vessels is located in the posterior part of each segment, posterior to about segment L. In more posterior segments (by about C), both pairs of lateral vessels have many short dorsal branches.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAA375FFF90FF9CFF6AFAA0DC54B350" blockId="15.[189,1399,1401,1571]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
Nephridia usually paired on 11/12; occurring irregularly in posterior segments, absent from many segments. A small anteseptal funnel is followed by narrow, dorsally-directed, granular postseptal mass (
<figureCitation id="132E2BDAFF90FF9CFF11FA18DF6FB0AF" box="[198,290,1473,1500]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="16.[189,231,1718,1744]" captionTargetBox="[281,1306,263,1692]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[281,1306,263,1692]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Fig. 5. Kincaidiana smithi Fend &amp; Rodriguez sp. nov., from the type locality. B–C, I–L, N–O from sagittal sections; D–H, M from dissections. A. Ventral view of an entire worm, stained with hematoxylin, showing positions of genital pores. B. Body wall in segment III, showing longitudinal and transverse muscle layers. C. Nephridial funnel and postseptal expansion. D. Chaetae in V dorsal. E. IV ventral. F–G. Chaetae in posterior segments; (F) is detail of tip, showing slight keel. H. Spermatheca. I. Junction of spermathecal “duct” and “ampulla”; sperm are in the ampullar part. J. Ectal end of spermathecal duct, with sperm lined up along epithelium. K. Spermathecal vestibule and ectal end of duct, with muscular sphincter. L. Atrium with prostate glands. M–N. Penis and male porophore. O. Vas deferens joining atrium near middle. Scale bars: A = 1 mm; B–C, G, J–L, O = 100 µm; D–F = 50 µm; H–I, M–N = 200 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3836518" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3836518/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. 5C</figureCitation>
). Efferent duct forms a closely-appressed loop, extending to dorsal part of body cavity, forming a convoluted mass; duct ends in a narrow vesicle in front of ventral chaetae in the originating segment; nephridiopore inconspicuous.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAA375FFF90FF9CFF6AF992DB3AB212" blockId="15.[189,1399,1611,1889]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
Male pore single, median and posterior to ventral chaetae on IX; ectal tip of the atrial duct protrudes as a short penis. When everted, penis is subtended by a conical, tiered porophore (
<figureCitation id="132E2BDAFF90FF9CFBBDF9B6DAE2B3F9" box="[1130,1199,1647,1674]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="16.[189,231,1718,1744]" captionTargetBox="[281,1306,263,1692]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[281,1306,263,1692]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Fig. 5. Kincaidiana smithi Fend &amp; Rodriguez sp. nov., from the type locality. B–C, I–L, N–O from sagittal sections; D–H, M from dissections. A. Ventral view of an entire worm, stained with hematoxylin, showing positions of genital pores. B. Body wall in segment III, showing longitudinal and transverse muscle layers. C. Nephridial funnel and postseptal expansion. D. Chaetae in V dorsal. E. IV ventral. F–G. Chaetae in posterior segments; (F) is detail of tip, showing slight keel. H. Spermatheca. I. Junction of spermathecal “duct” and “ampulla”; sperm are in the ampullar part. J. Ectal end of spermathecal duct, with sperm lined up along epithelium. K. Spermathecal vestibule and ectal end of duct, with muscular sphincter. L. Atrium with prostate glands. M–N. Penis and male porophore. O. Vas deferens joining atrium near middle. Scale bars: A = 1 mm; B–C, G, J–L, O = 100 µm; D–F = 50 µm; H–I, M–N = 200 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3836518" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3836518/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
M–N), the entire structure up to about 200 μm high by 250–300 μm wide at base; porophore circular, usually consisting of two concentric epidermal folds. Spermathecae paired in IX, X, and XI; spermathecal pores on or very slightly median to ventral chaetal lines, all slightly anterior to respective chaetae (
<figureCitation id="132E2BDAFF90FF9CFB42F902DAB4B386" box="[1173,1273,1755,1781]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="14.[189,232,1824,1850]" captionTargetBox="[200,1394,267,1779]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[189,1398,263,1786]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Fig. 4. Kincaidiana smithi Fend &amp; Rodriguez sp. nov., from the type locality, except for C, from seep by South Fork Smith River, CA. A. Complete worm, lateral and ventral views, showing location of reproductive pores. B. Representative chaetae: Roman numerals indicate segment number; dorsal chaetae with tips upward, ventrals with tips down. C. Reproductive organs in IX-XI. D. Reproductive organs in IX-XI, from a sagittal section (middle portion of atrium missing). E. An atrium, joined by both vasa deferentia. F. A spermatheca." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3836516" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3836516/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Figs 4A</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="132E2BDAFF90FF9CFAD0F903DB62B386" box="[1287,1327,1754,1781]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="16.[189,231,1718,1744]" captionTargetBox="[281,1306,263,1692]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[281,1306,263,1692]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Fig. 5. Kincaidiana smithi Fend &amp; Rodriguez sp. nov., from the type locality. B–C, I–L, N–O from sagittal sections; D–H, M from dissections. A. Ventral view of an entire worm, stained with hematoxylin, showing positions of genital pores. B. Body wall in segment III, showing longitudinal and transverse muscle layers. C. Nephridial funnel and postseptal expansion. D. Chaetae in V dorsal. E. IV ventral. F–G. Chaetae in posterior segments; (F) is detail of tip, showing slight keel. H. Spermatheca. I. Junction of spermathecal “duct” and “ampulla”; sperm are in the ampullar part. J. Ectal end of spermathecal duct, with sperm lined up along epithelium. K. Spermathecal vestibule and ectal end of duct, with muscular sphincter. L. Atrium with prostate glands. M–N. Penis and male porophore. O. Vas deferens joining atrium near middle. Scale bars: A = 1 mm; B–C, G, J–L, O = 100 µm; D–F = 50 µm; H–I, M–N = 200 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3836518" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3836518/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">5A</figureCitation>
). One pair of testes in IX, reaching to mid-segment; one pair of ovaries in X, extending to back of segment or into XI; female funnels intersegmental in 10/11, up to 280 μm high. Sperm sacs extend posteriad to XVII–XXIV; no anterior sperm sacs; egg sacs with large eggs extend 1–2 segments behind sperm sacs.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAA375FFF90FF82FF6AF850DDA7B776" blockId="15.[189,1399,1929,2027]" lastBlockId="17.[189,1399,267,517]" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="18" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
Spermathecal ducts terminate within narrow vestibules, 100–130 μm deep; junction usually constricted by a muscular ring, forming a short sphincter (
<figureCitation id="132E2BDAFF90FF9CFD2AF874DD2DB2BB" box="[765,864,1965,1992]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="16.[189,231,1718,1744]" captionTargetBox="[281,1306,263,1692]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[281,1306,263,1692]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Fig. 5. Kincaidiana smithi Fend &amp; Rodriguez sp. nov., from the type locality. B–C, I–L, N–O from sagittal sections; D–H, M from dissections. A. Ventral view of an entire worm, stained with hematoxylin, showing positions of genital pores. B. Body wall in segment III, showing longitudinal and transverse muscle layers. C. Nephridial funnel and postseptal expansion. D. Chaetae in V dorsal. E. IV ventral. F–G. Chaetae in posterior segments; (F) is detail of tip, showing slight keel. H. Spermatheca. I. Junction of spermathecal “duct” and “ampulla”; sperm are in the ampullar part. J. Ectal end of spermathecal duct, with sperm lined up along epithelium. K. Spermathecal vestibule and ectal end of duct, with muscular sphincter. L. Atrium with prostate glands. M–N. Penis and male porophore. O. Vas deferens joining atrium near middle. Scale bars: A = 1 mm; B–C, G, J–L, O = 100 µm; D–F = 50 µm; H–I, M–N = 200 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3836518" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3836518/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. 5K</figureCitation>
). Spermathecae nearly tubular, about 
<quantity id="4CED9ABAFF90FF9CFAFAF874DF68B298" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" unit="mm" value="1500.0" valueMax="2000.0" valueMin="1000.0">1000– 2000 µm</quantity>
long, weakly divided into two sections, both of which may contain sperm (
<figureCitation id="132E2BDAFF90FF9CFB55F808DA91B298" box="[1154,1244,2001,2027]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="14.[189,232,1824,1850]" captionTargetBox="[200,1394,267,1779]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[189,1398,263,1786]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Fig. 4. Kincaidiana smithi Fend &amp; Rodriguez sp. nov., from the type locality, except for C, from seep by South Fork Smith River, CA. A. Complete worm, lateral and ventral views, showing location of reproductive pores. B. Representative chaetae: Roman numerals indicate segment number; dorsal chaetae with tips upward, ventrals with tips down. C. Reproductive organs in IX-XI. D. Reproductive organs in IX-XI, from a sagittal section (middle portion of atrium missing). E. An atrium, joined by both vasa deferentia. F. A spermatheca." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3836516" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3836516/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Figs 4F</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="132E2BDAFF90FF9CFB31F809DAB9B298" box="[1254,1268,2000,2027]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="16.[189,231,1718,1744]" captionTargetBox="[281,1306,263,1692]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[281,1306,263,1692]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Fig. 5. Kincaidiana smithi Fend &amp; Rodriguez sp. nov., from the type locality. B–C, I–L, N–O from sagittal sections; D–H, M from dissections. A. Ventral view of an entire worm, stained with hematoxylin, showing positions of genital pores. B. Body wall in segment III, showing longitudinal and transverse muscle layers. C. Nephridial funnel and postseptal expansion. D. Chaetae in V dorsal. E. IV ventral. F–G. Chaetae in posterior segments; (F) is detail of tip, showing slight keel. H. Spermatheca. I. Junction of spermathecal “duct” and “ampulla”; sperm are in the ampullar part. J. Ectal end of spermathecal duct, with sperm lined up along epithelium. K. Spermathecal vestibule and ectal end of duct, with muscular sphincter. L. Atrium with prostate glands. M–N. Penis and male porophore. O. Vas deferens joining atrium near middle. Scale bars: A = 1 mm; B–C, G, J–L, O = 100 µm; D–F = 50 µm; H–I, M–N = 200 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3836518" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3836518/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">5</figureCitation>
H–J). Ectal third is duct-like, 100–130 μm wide, with uneven, columnar epithelium 25–50 μm thick, and distinct muscle layer 5–8 μm thick. Ental, ampullar section mostly tubular (about 75–85 μm wide), but may expand to 100–200 μm wide near ental end. Epithelium of ectal, duct-like section of spermatheca may be penetrated by heads of darkly-staining sperm cells which densely fill the lumen (
<figureCitation id="132E2BDAFF8EFF82FB5BFEA2DA92B4E5" box="[1164,1247,379,406]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="16.[189,231,1718,1744]" captionTargetBox="[281,1306,263,1692]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[281,1306,263,1692]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Fig. 5. Kincaidiana smithi Fend &amp; Rodriguez sp. nov., from the type locality. B–C, I–L, N–O from sagittal sections; D–H, M from dissections. A. Ventral view of an entire worm, stained with hematoxylin, showing positions of genital pores. B. Body wall in segment III, showing longitudinal and transverse muscle layers. C. Nephridial funnel and postseptal expansion. D. Chaetae in V dorsal. E. IV ventral. F–G. Chaetae in posterior segments; (F) is detail of tip, showing slight keel. H. Spermatheca. I. Junction of spermathecal “duct” and “ampulla”; sperm are in the ampullar part. J. Ectal end of spermathecal duct, with sperm lined up along epithelium. K. Spermathecal vestibule and ectal end of duct, with muscular sphincter. L. Atrium with prostate glands. M–N. Penis and male porophore. O. Vas deferens joining atrium near middle. Scale bars: A = 1 mm; B–C, G, J–L, O = 100 µm; D–F = 50 µm; H–I, M–N = 200 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3836518" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3836518/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. 5J</figureCitation>
). Epithelium thinner (about 10 μm) in ental part of ampulla, and lumen wider, containing small amount of unordered, poorly staining sperm. Spermathecae in IX usually largest; those in XI smallest and may lack sperm. Spermathecae may extend posteriad through 1–2 segments (
<figureCitation id="132E2BDAFF8EFF82FCA9FE32DD90B776" box="[894,989,491,517]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="14.[189,232,1824,1850]" captionTargetBox="[200,1394,267,1779]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[189,1398,263,1786]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Fig. 4. Kincaidiana smithi Fend &amp; Rodriguez sp. nov., from the type locality, except for C, from seep by South Fork Smith River, CA. A. Complete worm, lateral and ventral views, showing location of reproductive pores. B. Representative chaetae: Roman numerals indicate segment number; dorsal chaetae with tips upward, ventrals with tips down. C. Reproductive organs in IX-XI. D. Reproductive organs in IX-XI, from a sagittal section (middle portion of atrium missing). E. An atrium, joined by both vasa deferentia. F. A spermatheca." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3836516" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3836516/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. 4D</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF6A67D7FF8FFF83FF6AF96FDB3BB298" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3836518" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3836518" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3836518/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" startId="16.[189,231,1718,1744]" targetBox="[281,1306,263,1692]" targetPageId="16">
<paragraph id="8BAA375FFF8FFF83FF6AF96FDB3BB298" blockId="16.[189,1399,1718,2027]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<emphasis id="B961EB4DFF8FFF83FF6AF96FDF40B3A2" bold="true" box="[189,269,1718,1745]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Fig. 5.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C154CDCFF8FFF83FECEF96EDCA8B3A2" authority="Fend &amp; Rodriguez" authorityName="Fend &amp; Rodriguez &amp; Achurra &amp; Erséus" authorityYear="2017" box="[281,741,1719,1745]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Kincaidiana" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="smithi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B961EB4DFF8FFF83FECEF96EDFB7B3A2" box="[281,506,1719,1745]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Kincaidiana smithi</emphasis>
Fend &amp; Rodriguez
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2525636FF8FFF83FD27F96EDD1DB3A2" box="[752,848,1719,1745]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, from the type locality. B–C, I–L, N–O from sagittal sections; D–H, M from dissections. 
<emphasis id="B961EB4DFF8FFF83FD62F903DC87B387" bold="true" box="[693,714,1754,1780]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">A</emphasis>
. Ventral view of an entire worm, stained with hematoxylin, showing positions of genital pores. 
<emphasis id="B961EB4DFF8FFF83FDB0F924DC37B264" bold="true" box="[615,634,1789,1815]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">B</emphasis>
. Body wall in segment III, showing longitudinal and transverse muscle layers. 
<emphasis id="B961EB4DFF8FFF83FEA7F8F9DFC8B249" bold="true" box="[368,389,1824,1850]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">C</emphasis>
. Nephridial funnel and postseptal expansion. 
<emphasis id="B961EB4DFF8FFF83FC7CF8F9DD8DB249" bold="true" box="[939,960,1824,1850]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">D</emphasis>
. Chaetae in V dorsal. 
<emphasis id="B961EB4DFF8FFF83FB06F8F9DAA9B249" bold="true" box="[1233,1252,1824,1850]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">E</emphasis>
. IV ventral. 
<emphasis id="B961EB4DFF8FFF83FF6AF89ADEB9B22E" bold="true" box="[189,244,1859,1885]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">F–G</emphasis>
. Chaetae in posterior segments; (F) is detail of tip, showing slight keel. 
<emphasis id="B961EB4DFF8FFF83FBE5F89DDA04B22D" bold="true" box="[1074,1097,1860,1886]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">H</emphasis>
. Spermatheca. 
<emphasis id="B961EB4DFF8FFF83FB2CF89DDB4BB22D" bold="true" box="[1275,1286,1860,1886]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">I</emphasis>
. Junction of spermathecal “duct” and “ampulla”; sperm are in the ampullar part. 
<emphasis id="B961EB4DFF8FFF83FC39F8BEDDB0B2F2" bold="true" box="[1006,1021,1895,1921]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">J</emphasis>
. Ectal end of spermathecal duct, with sperm lined up along epithelium. 
<emphasis id="B961EB4DFF8FFF83FD5FF853DCD2B2D7" bold="true" box="[648,671,1930,1956]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">K</emphasis>
. Spermathecal vestibule and ectal end of duct, with muscular sphincter. 
<emphasis id="B961EB4DFF8FFF83FEEFF874DF06B2B4" bold="true" box="[312,331,1965,1991]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">L</emphasis>
. Atrium with prostate glands. 
<emphasis id="B961EB4DFF8FFF83FD6AF874DCB1B2B4" bold="true" box="[701,764,1965,1991]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">M–N</emphasis>
. Penis and male porophore. 
<emphasis id="B961EB4DFF8FFF83FB8DF874DA3CB2B4" bold="true" box="[1114,1137,1965,1991]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">O</emphasis>
. Vas deferens joining atrium near middle. Scale bars: A = 1 mm; B–C, G, J–L, O = 100 µm; D–F = 50 µm; H–I, M–N = 200 µm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BAA375FFF8EFF82FF6AFDF7DDDDB6CF" blockId="17.[189,1399,558,957]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
Male pore without obvious glands, but surrounded by diffuse mass of muscle tissue. Single, prosoporous atrium is joined by both (posterior) vasa deferentia near the midpoint; they enter the atrial lumen directly at the junction (
<figureCitation id="132E2BDAFF8EFF82FE0DFDA0DC74B7E0" box="[474,569,632,659]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="16.[189,231,1718,1744]" captionTargetBox="[281,1306,263,1692]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[281,1306,263,1692]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Fig. 5. Kincaidiana smithi Fend &amp; Rodriguez sp. nov., from the type locality. B–C, I–L, N–O from sagittal sections; D–H, M from dissections. A. Ventral view of an entire worm, stained with hematoxylin, showing positions of genital pores. B. Body wall in segment III, showing longitudinal and transverse muscle layers. C. Nephridial funnel and postseptal expansion. D. Chaetae in V dorsal. E. IV ventral. F–G. Chaetae in posterior segments; (F) is detail of tip, showing slight keel. H. Spermatheca. I. Junction of spermathecal “duct” and “ampulla”; sperm are in the ampullar part. J. Ectal end of spermathecal duct, with sperm lined up along epithelium. K. Spermathecal vestibule and ectal end of duct, with muscular sphincter. L. Atrium with prostate glands. M–N. Penis and male porophore. O. Vas deferens joining atrium near middle. Scale bars: A = 1 mm; B–C, G, J–L, O = 100 µm; D–F = 50 µm; H–I, M–N = 200 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3836518" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3836518/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. 5O</figureCitation>
). Atrium narrows ectally within the porophore; the remainder tubular, not divided into distinct regions, extending at least into mid-X (
<figureCitation id="132E2BDAFF8EFF82FC04FD47DA53B7CB" box="[979,1054,670,696]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="14.[189,232,1824,1850]" captionTargetBox="[200,1394,267,1779]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[189,1398,263,1786]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Fig. 4. Kincaidiana smithi Fend &amp; Rodriguez sp. nov., from the type locality, except for C, from seep by South Fork Smith River, CA. A. Complete worm, lateral and ventral views, showing location of reproductive pores. B. Representative chaetae: Roman numerals indicate segment number; dorsal chaetae with tips upward, ventrals with tips down. C. Reproductive organs in IX-XI. D. Reproductive organs in IX-XI, from a sagittal section (middle portion of atrium missing). E. An atrium, joined by both vasa deferentia. F. A spermatheca." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3836516" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3836516/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
C–D); length 825–1620 μm, width 110–130 μm, including thick (
<quantity id="4CED9ABAFF8EFF82FDBCFD1ADCAAB7AD" box="[619,743,707,734]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.85" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" unit="mm" value="18.5" valueMax="25.0" valueMin="12.0">12–25 µm</quantity>
) muscle layer. Atrial muscle layer thickest in ectal part, with fibers unevenly transverse to slightly diagonal, but not lined up (parallel) or in distinct layers; epithelium cuboidal, 10–15 μm thick. Ental ½–⅔ of the atrium covered by thick layer of multicellular prostate glands, 120–190 μm high; glands petiolate, broadly pyriform, with many cells (
<figureCitation id="132E2BDAFF8EFF82FB00FCEADB75B63E" box="[1239,1336,819,845]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="14.[189,232,1824,1850]" captionTargetBox="[200,1394,267,1779]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[189,1398,263,1786]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Fig. 4. Kincaidiana smithi Fend &amp; Rodriguez sp. nov., from the type locality, except for C, from seep by South Fork Smith River, CA. A. Complete worm, lateral and ventral views, showing location of reproductive pores. B. Representative chaetae: Roman numerals indicate segment number; dorsal chaetae with tips upward, ventrals with tips down. C. Reproductive organs in IX-XI. D. Reproductive organs in IX-XI, from a sagittal section (middle portion of atrium missing). E. An atrium, joined by both vasa deferentia. F. A spermatheca." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3836516" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3836516/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Figs 4E</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="132E2BDAFF8EFF82FA92FCEADB24B63D" box="[1349,1385,819,846]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="16.[189,231,1718,1744]" captionTargetBox="[281,1306,263,1692]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[281,1306,263,1692]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Fig. 5. Kincaidiana smithi Fend &amp; Rodriguez sp. nov., from the type locality. B–C, I–L, N–O from sagittal sections; D–H, M from dissections. A. Ventral view of an entire worm, stained with hematoxylin, showing positions of genital pores. B. Body wall in segment III, showing longitudinal and transverse muscle layers. C. Nephridial funnel and postseptal expansion. D. Chaetae in V dorsal. E. IV ventral. F–G. Chaetae in posterior segments; (F) is detail of tip, showing slight keel. H. Spermatheca. I. Junction of spermathecal “duct” and “ampulla”; sperm are in the ampullar part. J. Ectal end of spermathecal duct, with sperm lined up along epithelium. K. Spermathecal vestibule and ectal end of duct, with muscular sphincter. L. Atrium with prostate glands. M–N. Penis and male porophore. O. Vas deferens joining atrium near middle. Scale bars: A = 1 mm; B–C, G, J–L, O = 100 µm; D–F = 50 µm; H–I, M–N = 200 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3836518" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3836518/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">5L</figureCitation>
). Vasa deferentia 1200–1400 μm long, 
<quantity id="4CED9ABAFF8EFF82FDA0FC81DCBDB600" box="[631,752,856,883]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.7" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.4" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" unit="mm" value="37.0" valueMax="40.0" valueMin="34.0">34–40 µm</quantity>
wide; widest near the atrium (up to 40–48 μm), where they are covered by a thin muscle layer. Vasa extend posteriorly one or more segments, terminating in elongate, narrowly conical sperm funnels, up to 400 μm long.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30F64D4FF8EFF82FF6AFC3FDD6DB298" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BAA375FFF8EFF82FF6AFC3FDF62B173" blockId="17.[189,303,998,1024]" box="[189,303,998,1024]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<heading id="D0E28033FF8EFF82FF6AFC3FDF62B173" bold="true" box="[189,303,998,1024]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B961EB4DFF8EFF82FF6AFC3FDF62B173" bold="true" box="[189,303,998,1024]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Remarks</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAA375FFF8EFF82FF6AFBCFDC13B0B9" blockId="17.[189,1399,1046,1483]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
Both morphology and molecular results (see below) support 
<taxonomicName id="4C154CDCFF8EFF82FC48FBCEDA41B142" authority="Fend &amp; Rodriguez &amp; Achurra &amp; Erséus, 2017" authorityName="Fend &amp; Rodriguez &amp; Achurra &amp; Erséus" authorityYear="2017" box="[927,1036,1047,1073]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Kincaidiana" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="smithi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B961EB4DFF8EFF82FC48FBCEDA41B142" box="[927,1036,1047,1073]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">K. smithi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2525636FF8EFF82FBC0FBCEDA38B142" box="[1047,1141,1047,1073]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
as a distinct species, closely related to 
<taxonomicName id="4C154CDCFF8EFF82FE43FBE4DC7DB125" authorityName="Altman" authorityYear="1936" box="[404,560,1084,1110]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Kincaidiana" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="hexatheca">
<emphasis id="B961EB4DFF8EFF82FE43FBE4DC7DB125" box="[404,560,1084,1110]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">K. hexatheca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Despite the morphological variability of 
<taxonomicName id="4C154CDCFF8EFF82FBFCFBE4DA8AB125" authorityName="Altman" authorityYear="1936" box="[1067,1223,1084,1110]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Kincaidiana" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="hexatheca">
<emphasis id="B961EB4DFF8EFF82FBFCFBE4DA8AB125" box="[1067,1223,1084,1110]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">K. hexatheca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
throughout its broad geographic range, 
<taxonomicName id="4C154CDCFF8EFF82FE36FBBBDC06B108" authority="Fend &amp; Rodriguez &amp; Achurra &amp; Erséus, 2017" authorityName="Fend &amp; Rodriguez &amp; Achurra &amp; Erséus" authorityYear="2017" box="[481,587,1121,1147]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Kincaidiana" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="smithi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B961EB4DFF8EFF82FE36FBBBDC06B108" box="[481,587,1121,1147]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">K. smithi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2525636FF8EFF82FD85FBBBDCE1B10F" box="[594,684,1122,1148]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
is distinctive in that all specimens from the 
<typeStatus id="54AE89FDFF8EFF82FB64FBBBDAABB10F" box="[1203,1254,1122,1148]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">type</typeStatus>
locality and a nearby site have a single, median male pore and atrium joined by both of the posterior vasa deferentia. The single, median atrium of 
<taxonomicName id="4C154CDCFF8EFF82FDCBFB75DCCAB1B5" authority="Fend &amp; Rodriguez &amp; Achurra &amp; Erséus, 2017" authorityName="Fend &amp; Rodriguez &amp; Achurra &amp; Erséus" authorityYear="2017" box="[540,647,1196,1222]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Kincaidiana" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="smithi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B961EB4DFF8EFF82FDCBFB75DCCAB1B5" box="[540,647,1196,1222]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">K. smithi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2525636FF8EFF82FD59FB75DCA7B1B5" box="[654,746,1196,1222]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
is unusual within the family, but this character appears in both species of 
<taxonomicName id="4C154CDCFF8EFF82FE4AFB08DCECB198" authority="Hrabe, 1939" authorityName="Hrabe" authorityYear="1939" box="[413,673,1233,1259]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Tatriella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B961EB4DFF8EFF82FE4AFB08DC4CB198" box="[413,513,1233,1259]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Tatriella</emphasis>
Hrabě, 1939
</taxonomicName>
, as well as in some species of 
<taxonomicName id="4C154CDCFF8EFF82FBCCFB08DB73B198" authority="Eisen, 1881" authorityName="Eisen" authorityYear="1881" box="[1051,1342,1233,1259]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Eclipidrilus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B961EB4DFF8EFF82FBCCFB08DAEBB198" box="[1051,1190,1233,1259]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Eclipidrilus</emphasis>
Eisen, 1881
</taxonomicName>
(see 
<bibRefCitation id="EF844AAEFF8EFF82FF6AFB2FDFE1B063" author="Fend S. V. &amp; Lenat D. R." box="[189,428,1270,1297]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" pagination="51 - 67" refId="ref23604" refString="Fend S. V. &amp; Lenat D. R. 2012. New Eclipidrilus species (Annelida, Clitellata, Lumbriculidae) from southeastern North America. Zootaxa 3194: 51 - 67. https: // doi. org / 10.5281 / zenodo. 210008" type="journal article" year="2012">Fend &amp; Lenat 2012</bibRefCitation>
). As in 
<taxonomicName id="4C154CDCFF8EFF82FDC5FB2EDC32B063" authority="Fend &amp; Rodriguez &amp; Achurra &amp; Erséus, 2017" authorityName="Fend &amp; Rodriguez &amp; Achurra &amp; Erséus" authorityYear="2017" box="[530,639,1270,1296]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Kincaidiana" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="smithi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B961EB4DFF8EFF82FDC5FB2EDC32B063" box="[530,639,1270,1296]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">K. smithi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2525636FF8EFF82FD5DFB2EDCA7B062" box="[650,746,1271,1297]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, this arrangement does not usually represent a simple loss of one of the male ducts from the normal paired condition. In 
<taxonomicName id="4C154CDCFF8EFF82FC34FAC2DB3FB045" authority="Fend, 2005" authorityName="Fend" authorityYear="2005" box="[995,1394,1307,1334]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Eclipidrilus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="pacificus">
<emphasis id="B961EB4DFF8EFF82FC34FAC2DA92B046" box="[995,1247,1307,1333]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Eclipidrilus pacificus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF844AAEFF8EFF82FB3EFAC2DB3FB045" author="Fend S. V." box="[1257,1394,1307,1334]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" pagination="1 - 42" refId="ref23310" refString="Fend S. V. 2005. A review of the genus Eclipidrilus (Annelida: Clitellata: Lumbriculidae), with description of a new species from western North America. Zootaxa 969: 1 - 42. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 969.1.1" type="journal article" year="2005">Fend, 2005</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, for example, all four vasa deferentia join the median atrium (
<bibRefCitation id="EF844AAEFF8EFF82FC65FA99DA7EB028" author="Fend S. V." box="[946,1075,1344,1371]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" pagination="1 - 42" refId="ref23310" refString="Fend S. V. 2005. A review of the genus Eclipidrilus (Annelida: Clitellata: Lumbriculidae), with description of a new species from western North America. Zootaxa 969: 1 - 42. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 969.1.1" type="journal article" year="2005">Fend 2005</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 9B). Aside from rare and presumably teratological variation within populations, only 
<taxonomicName id="4C154CDCFF8EFF82FC7CFABFDB0FB0F3" authority="Brinkhurst, 1998" authorityName="Brinkhurst" authorityYear="1998" box="[939,1346,1382,1408]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Eclipidrilus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="ithys">
<emphasis id="B961EB4DFF8EFF82FC7CFABFDA39B0F3" box="[939,1140,1382,1408]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Eclipidrilus ithys</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF844AAEFF8EFF82FBACFABFDB0FB0F3" author="Brinkhurst R. O." box="[1147,1346,1382,1408]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" pagination="644 - 659" refId="ref22831" refString="Brinkhurst R. O. 1998. On the genus Eclipidrilus Eisen, 1881 (Lumbriculidae, Clitellata), including a description of Eclipidrilus ithys sp. nov. Canadian Journal of Zoology 76: 644 - 659. https: // doi. org / 10.1139 / z 97 - 224" type="journal article" year="1998">Brinkhurst, 1998</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
was described as having either one or two atria (
<bibRefCitation id="EF844AAEFF8EFF82FD1FFA52DDC4B0D6" author="Brinkhurst R. O." box="[712,905,1419,1445]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" pagination="644 - 659" refId="ref22831" refString="Brinkhurst R. O. 1998. On the genus Eclipidrilus Eisen, 1881 (Lumbriculidae, Clitellata), including a description of Eclipidrilus ithys sp. nov. Canadian Journal of Zoology 76: 644 - 659. https: // doi. org / 10.1139 / z 97 - 224" type="journal article" year="1998">Brinkhurst 1998</bibRefCitation>
); but when only one is present, the entire male duct is missing from one side.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAA375FFF8EFF82FF6AFA2DDD67B39E" blockId="17.[189,1399,1524,1773]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
Compared with most specimens of 
<taxonomicName id="4C154CDCFF8EFF82FDB9FA2DDD46B37D" authorityName="Altman" authorityYear="1936" box="[622,779,1524,1550]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Kincaidiana" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="hexatheca">
<emphasis id="B961EB4DFF8EFF82FDB9FA2DDD46B37D" box="[622,779,1524,1550]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">K. hexatheca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the atrium in 
<taxonomicName id="4C154CDCFF8EFF82FC12FA2DDA7EB37D" authority="Fend &amp; Rodriguez &amp; Achurra &amp; Erséus, 2017" authorityName="Fend &amp; Rodriguez &amp; Achurra &amp; Erséus" authorityYear="2017" box="[965,1075,1524,1550]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Kincaidiana" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="smithi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B961EB4DFF8EFF82FC12FA2DDA7EB37D" box="[965,1075,1524,1550]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">K. smithi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2525636FF8EFF82FBEAFA2DDAD1B37D" box="[1085,1180,1524,1550]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
is more elongate, usually entering the post-atrial segment; nevertheless, this occasionally occurs within the range of variation in populations of 
<taxonomicName id="4C154CDCFF8EFF82FE21F9E6DCC3B32B" authorityName="Altman" authorityYear="1936" box="[502,654,1598,1624]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Kincaidiana" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="hexatheca">
<emphasis id="B961EB4DFF8EFF82FE21F9E6DCC3B32B" box="[502,654,1598,1624]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">K. hexatheca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<tableCitation id="C69702E4FF8EFF82FD4CF9E7DCB8B32B" box="[667,757,1598,1624]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="10.[189,258,268,294]" captionTargetId="graphics@10.[189,1398,623,1259]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Table 2. Descriptive measurements (mean, range, and n) for Kincaidiana hexatheca Altman, 1936" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF6A67D7FF95FF99FF6AFED5DFD4B41F" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" tableUuid="DF6A67D7FF95FF99FF6AFED5DFD4B41F">Table 2</tableCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="132E2BDAFF8EFF82FCD7F9E7DD16B32B" box="[768,859,1598,1624]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="11.[189,232,1894,1920]" captionTargetBox="[201,1391,822,1837]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[189,1398,816,1852]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Fig. 3. Kincaidiana hexatheca Altman, 1936, reproductive organs. A–B. From Hoh River, WA; (A) segments IX-XI; (B) atrium and spermathecae with expanded ampullae in IX-X. C–D. From Rogue River, OR; (C) reproductive organs in IX-XI from an atypical worm with long atria; (D) atrium and spermatheca in IX, from a typical worm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3836514" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3836514/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. 3C</figureCitation>
). The spermathecal pores are clearly displaced from the ventral chaetae line towards the mid-body line in 
<taxonomicName id="4C154CDCFF8EFF82FCA7F9BDDA44B30E" authorityName="Altman" authorityYear="1936" box="[880,1033,1635,1661]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Kincaidiana" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="hexatheca">
<emphasis id="B961EB4DFF8EFF82FCA7F9BDDA44B30E" box="[880,1033,1635,1661]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">K. hexatheca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, while in 
<taxonomicName id="4C154CDCFF8EFF82FBA8F9BDDAA4B30E" authority="Fend &amp; Rodriguez &amp; Achurra &amp; Erséus, 2017" authorityName="Fend &amp; Rodriguez &amp; Achurra &amp; Erséus" authorityYear="2017" box="[1151,1257,1635,1661]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Kincaidiana" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="smithi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B961EB4DFF8EFF82FBA8F9BDDAA4B30E" box="[1151,1257,1635,1661]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">K. smithi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2525636FF8EFF82FB26F9BDDB01B30D" box="[1265,1356,1636,1662]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
the pores are on the chaetal line, anterior to the chaetal bundles (
<figureCitation id="132E2BDAFF8EFF82FC51F951DD8BB3D0" box="[902,966,1672,1699]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="7.[189,232,1718,1744]" captionTargetBox="[395,1215,306,1669]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[346,1241,289,1676]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Fig. 1. Kincaidiana hexatheca Altman, 1936 from various sites. A–B. Complete worms, ventral view of anterior segments, from McKenzie River, OR (A), and from Big Creek, OR (B). C–M. Representative (mostly anterior) chaetae from different populations (ordered approximately north-south); dorsal chaetae with tips upward, ventrals with tips down. C. Hoh River, WA. D. Pool at Bogachiel River, WA. E. Salmon Creek watershed, WA, anterior dorsal pair. F–G. Two specimens from Big Creek, OR; tip of one dorsal chaeta with keel folded over. H. Rogue River, OR. I. From a Darlingtonia bog, O’Brien, OR. J–K. Two specimens from spring near Mule Creek, OR; K is from a smaller specimen, with simple-pointed chaetae. L. Illinois River, OR; older chaetae simple-pointed (worn?), replacements bifid. M. Inglenook Fen, CA. Scale bars: A–B = 2 mm; C–M = 200 Mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3836510" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3836510/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
A–B vs 4A). The morphology of the spermathecae is similar to that of 
<taxonomicName id="4C154CDCFF8EFF82FD91F976DC92B3BB" authorityName="Altman" authorityYear="1936" box="[582,735,1710,1736]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Kincaidiana" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="hexatheca">
<emphasis id="B961EB4DFF8EFF82FD91F976DC92B3BB" box="[582,735,1710,1736]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">K. hexatheca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; however, they are typically more narrow-elongate, with faint distinction between ampullar and duct portions.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAA375FFF8EFF82FF6AF8CFDD6DB298" blockId="17.[189,1399,1814,2027]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
Other characters of 
<taxonomicName id="4C154CDCFF8EFF82FE76F8CEDC47B243" authority="Fend &amp; Rodriguez &amp; Achurra &amp; Erséus, 2017" authorityName="Fend &amp; Rodriguez &amp; Achurra &amp; Erséus" authorityYear="2017" box="[417,522,1814,1840]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Kincaidiana" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="smithi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B961EB4DFF8EFF82FE76F8CEDC47B243" box="[417,522,1814,1840]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">K. smithi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2525636FF8EFF82FDD8F8CEDC25B242" box="[527,616,1815,1841]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
conform closely to those of its congener, 
<taxonomicName id="4C154CDCFF8EFF82FB9FF8CEDAADB243" authorityName="Altman" authorityYear="1936" box="[1096,1248,1814,1840]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Kincaidiana" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="hexatheca">
<emphasis id="B961EB4DFF8EFF82FB9FF8CEDAADB243" box="[1096,1248,1814,1840]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">K. hexatheca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Both have a large, rather cylindrical body, with a ringed proboscis. The chaetal morphology resembles that of typical 
<taxonomicName id="4C154CDCFF8EFF82FF6AF8BBDF14B208" authorityName="Altman" authorityYear="1936" box="[189,345,1889,1915]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Kincaidiana" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="hexatheca">
<emphasis id="B961EB4DFF8EFF82FF6AF8BBDF14B208" box="[189,345,1889,1915]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">K. hexatheca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and the distribution and orientation of modified anterior chaetae are also similar. Less conspicuous, but nevertheless unusual characters are also shared with 
<taxonomicName id="4C154CDCFF8EFF82FBDFF85EDAEEB2D3" authorityName="Altman" authorityYear="1936" box="[1032,1187,1926,1952]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Kincaidiana" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="hexatheca">
<emphasis id="B961EB4DFF8EFF82FBDFF85EDAEEB2D3" box="[1032,1187,1926,1952]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">K. hexatheca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(see 
<bibRefCitation id="EF844AAEFF8EFF82FB31F85FDB28B2D3" author="Fend S. V." box="[1254,1381,1926,1952]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" pagination="1 - 30" refId="ref23361" refString="Fend S. V. 2009. An evaluation of the genus Kincaidiana Altman, 1936, with the designation of Altmanella n. gen. (Annelida, Clitellata, Lumbriculidae). Zootaxa 2077: 1 - 30." type="journal article" year="2009">Fend 2009</bibRefCitation>
): the circular musculature of the body wall, the narrow, dorsally-directed nephridia, and the muscle layer extending along the ectal end of the vasa deferentia.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30F64D4FF8DFF81FF6AFED2DF82B776" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="8BAA375FFF8DFF81FF6AFED2DF50B456" blockId="18.[189,285,267,293]" box="[189,285,267,293]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<heading id="D0E28033FF8DFF81FF6AFED2DF50B456" bold="true" box="[189,285,267,293]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B961EB4DFF8DFF81FF6AFED2DF50B456" bold="true" box="[189,285,267,293]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Habitat</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAA375FFF8DFF81FF6AFEE3DF82B776" blockId="18.[189,1399,312,517]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
The Smith River site is a large (average discharge&gt; 
<quantity id="4CED9ABAFF8DFF81FC95FEE3DDDCB427" box="[834,913,314,340]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" unit="m" value="100.0">100 m</quantity>
<superScript id="7C609A17FF8DFF81FC46FEE1DDD7B435" attach="left" box="[913,922,312,326]" fontSize="6" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">3</superScript>
/s), free-flowing stream with riffle-pool structure and gravel-boulder substrate. Specific conductance was 90 μS 
<superScript id="7C609A17FF8DFF81FBDAFE87DA0DB41A" attach="left" box="[1037,1088,347,376]" fontSize="6" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
cm- 
<quantity id="4CED9ABAFF8DFF81FBEFFE82DA0DB41A" box="[1080,1088,347,361]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.54" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" unit="in" value="1.0">1</quantity>
</superScript>
in 
<date id="FFAB119FFF8DFF81FBB3FE84DAA8B404" box="[1124,1253,349,375]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" value="2014-04">April 2014</date>
(62–150 μS 
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cm- 
<quantity id="4CED9ABAFF8DFF81FF30FEA6DEA2B4FE" box="[231,239,383,397]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.54" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" unit="in" value="1.0">1</quantity>
</superScript>
in 
<date id="FFAB119FFF8DFF81FEC3FE58DFD7B4E8" box="[276,410,385,411]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" value="1978" valueMax="1981">1978–1981</date>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="EF844AAEFF8DFF81FE71FE58DC09B4E8" author="NWIS" box="[422,580,384,411]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" refId="ref24572" refString="NWIS 2016 a. USGS Surface-Water Daily Data for California. U. S. Geological Survey, National Water Information System. Available from http: // waterdata. usgs. gov / ca / nwis / dv? [accessed 22 Feb. 2016]." type="url" year="2016">NWIS 2016a</bibRefCitation>
). 
<taxonomicName id="4C154CDCFF8DFF81FD80FE58DD7AB4E8" authority="Fend &amp; Rodriguez &amp; Achurra &amp; Erséus, 2017" authorityName="Fend &amp; Rodriguez &amp; Achurra &amp; Erséus" authorityYear="2017" box="[599,823,385,411]" class="Clitellata" family="Lumbriculidae" genus="Kincaidiana" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lumbriculida" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="smithi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B961EB4DFF8DFF81FD80FE58DD7AB4E8" box="[599,823,385,411]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Kincaidiana smithi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2525636FF8DFF81FCE9FE58DDD5B4E8" box="[830,920,385,411]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
was only found in a backwater area with some silt deposition. The other collection site was a small roadcut seep, with slow current and some rooted aquatic vegetation. Guts were filled with undetermined organic matter and very fine mineral particles, with diatoms.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>