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<document id="87CB9BC60D6B6573C9E257A0FB6A101D" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.191476" ID-GBIF-Dataset="8603d4d1-efc8-44bb-84ae-76d3d8dd8161" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="191476" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1461128727612" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Passos, Paulo, Mueses-Cisneros, Jonh Jairo, Lynch, John D. &amp; Fernandes, Ronaldo" docDate="2009" docId="03D087ECAA507745FF11B0C2173D272C" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02293p034.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2293" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Atractus medusa Passos, Mueses-Cisneros, Lynch &amp; Fernandes, 2009, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="17" masterDocId="FFE9FF94AA5E7755FF86B32815112046" masterDocTitle="Pacific lowland snakes of the genus Atractus (Serpentes: Dipsadidae), with description of three new species" masterLastPageNumber="34" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="15" updateTime="1698597252759" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="95A6E10618A3867D723684E8F0F0E942">Pacific lowland snakes of the genus Atractus (Serpentes: Dipsadidae), with description of three new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="86E43C719C498985908D7611D6C22EBC">Passos, Paulo</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="20575907670500449E1CE39E5081F0F0">Mueses-Cisneros, Jonh Jairo</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="AB5B044B816EFD9D84134B01325BE711">Lynch, John D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="48B95EC30EBE261FC0A9199216A7B2ED">Fernandes, Ronaldo</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="C0C9D05810C9CCD5D9230F34B3AA056C">2009</mods:date>
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<treatment id="03D087ECAA507745FF11B0C2173D272C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6214661" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119626677" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6214661" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D087ECAA507745FF11B0C2173D272C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D087ECAA507745FF11B0C2173D272C" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="17" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<subSubSection id="C3636571AA50775BFF11B0C214312461" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BC636FAAA50775BFF11B0C214D72442" blockId="14.[151,454,1002,1063]" box="[151,454,1002,1028]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<heading id="D08E8196AA50775BFF11B0C214D72442" bold="true" box="[151,454,1002,1028]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B90DEAE8AA50775BFF11B0C214D72442" bold="true" box="[151,454,1002,1028]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<taxonomicName id="4C794D79AA50775BFF11B0C214732442" box="[151,354,1002,1028]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Atractus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="medusa" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B90DEAE8AA50775BFF11B0C214732442" bold="true" box="[151,354,1002,1028]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Atractus medusa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23E5793AA50775BFEEFB0C214D72442" box="[361,454,1002,1028]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC636FAAA50775BFF11B72514312461" blockId="14.[151,454,1002,1063]" box="[151,288,1037,1063]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<figureCitation id="13422A7FAA50775BFF11B72515E62461" box="[151,247,1037,1063]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="14.[151,254,1787,1811]" captionTargetBox="[196,1389,1234,1761]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[196,1390,1234,1763]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 10. Dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views of the holotype of Atractus medusa sp. nov. (IAvH 2981). SVL 325 mm, CL 60 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/191486/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Figs. 10</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13422A7FAA50775BFE82B72514312461" box="[260,288,1037,1063]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="16.[151,254,908,932]" captionTargetBox="[219,1372,157,855]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[198,1389,129,882]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 11. Lateral view of head of the holotype of Atractus medusa sp. nov. (IAvH 2981). Scale = 5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/191487/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">11</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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<paragraph id="8BC636FAAA50775BFF11B772106324DD" blockId="14.[151,1437,1114,1179]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<emphasis id="B90DEAE8AA50775BFF11B772140A2432" bold="true" box="[151,283,1114,1140]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<typeStatus id="54C28858AA50775BFF11B77214072432" box="[151,278,1114,1140]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
:
</emphasis>
Adult male, IAvH 2981, from Playa Blanca, Gorgona Island (
<geoCoordinate id="EE4D503DAA50775BFBB4B772118E2432" box="[1074,1183,1114,1140]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" precision="925" value="3.0">03º00N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE4D503DAA50775BFB28B772100F2432" box="[1198,1310,1114,1140]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" precision="925" value="-78.2">78º12W</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 0 m), municipality of Guapi, department of Cauca,
<collectingCountry id="F36E766AAA50775BFD2DB7A9163324DD" box="[683,802,1153,1179]" name="Colombia" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Colombia</collectingCountry>
, collected by J. V. Rueda (field number VR 1213).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF066672AA50775BFF11B5D314032772" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/191486/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" targetBox="[196,1389,1234,1761]" targetPageId="14">
<paragraph id="8BC636FAAA50775BFF11B5D314032772" blockId="14.[151,1436,1787,1844]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<emphasis id="B90DEAE8AA50775BFF11B5D314372755" bold="true" box="[151,294,1787,1811]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">FIGURE 10.</emphasis>
Dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views of the holotype of
<taxonomicName id="4C794D79AA50775BFCDDB5D3111F2754" box="[859,1038,1787,1810]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Atractus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="medusa" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B90DEAE8AA50775BFCDDB5D3111F2754" box="[859,1038,1787,1810]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Atractus medusa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23E5793AA50775BFB92B5D311762754" box="[1044,1127,1787,1810]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(IAvH 2981). SVL 325 mm, CL 60 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C3636571AA50775AFF40B4AF144A2272" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="16" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BC636FAAA50775AFF40B4AF145C210A" blockId="14.[151,1436,1927,2030]" lastBlockId="15.[151,1437,152,1995]" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="16" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<emphasis id="B90DEAE8AA50775BFF40B4AF145927E7" bold="true" box="[198,328,1927,1953]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C794D79AA50775BFED2B4AF170C27E6" box="[340,541,1927,1952]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Atractus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="medusa">
<emphasis id="B90DEAE8AA50775BFED2B4AF170C27E6" box="[340,541,1927,1952]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Atractus medusa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is distinguished from all congeners by the combination of the following characters: (1) 17/17/17 smooth dorsal scale rows; (2) two postoculars; (3) loreal long; (4) temporals 1+2; (5) seven supralabials, third and fourth contacting orbit; (6) seven infralabials, first four contacting chinshields; (7) five maxillary teeth; (8) three gular scale rows; (9) two preventrals; (10) 133 ventrals in the single male; (11) 46 subcaudal; (12) dorsum beige with light occipital band and round dark brown blotches, decreasing in size posteriorly; (13) venter cream with diffuse dark brown dots concentrated posteriorly; (14) moderate body size, male with
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SVL; (15) long tail (18.4% SVL); (16) hemipenis strongly bilobed, semicapitate, and semicalyculate.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC636FAAA51775AFF40B270144A2272" blockId="15.[151,1437,152,1995]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<emphasis id="B90DEAE8AA51775AFF40B27014672134" bold="true" box="[198,374,344,370]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Comparisons:</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C794D79AA51775AFEF8B27117522134" box="[382,579,345,370]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Atractus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="medusa">
<emphasis id="B90DEAE8AA51775AFEF8B27117522134" box="[382,579,345,370]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Atractus medusa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is distinguished from all congeners by having lobes twice as long as the hemipenial body. Additionally,
<taxonomicName id="4C794D79AA51775AFD8EB2A8179221DF" box="[520,643,384,409]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Atractus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="medusa">
<emphasis id="B90DEAE8AA51775AFD8EB2A8179221DF" box="[520,643,384,409]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">A. medusa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
shares exclusively with
<taxonomicName id="4C794D79AA51775AFC25B2A8115B21DF" box="[931,1098,384,409]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Atractus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="boulengerii">
<emphasis id="B90DEAE8AA51775AFC25B2A8115B21DF" box="[931,1098,384,409]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">A. boulengerii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
17 dorsal scale rows, five or six maxillary teeth, large black band on neck, and rounded dorsal blotches decreasing in size posteriorly.
<taxonomicName id="4C794D79AA51775AFF11B2E5144C21A0" box="[151,349,461,486]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Atractus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="medusa">
<emphasis id="B90DEAE8AA51775AFF11B2E5144C21A0" box="[151,349,461,486]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Atractus medusa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from
<taxonomicName id="4C794D79AA51775AFE7DB2E517B521A0" box="[507,676,461,486]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Atractus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="boulengerii">
<emphasis id="B90DEAE8AA51775AFE7DB2E517B521A0" box="[507,676,461,486]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">A. boulengerii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by having 133 ventrals in male, single postdiastemal tooth, and venter posteriorly black (vs. 180189 ventrals in males, two postdiastemal teeth, and venter immaculate creamish white).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3636571AA517745FF40B16811CA2586" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="17" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="description">
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<emphasis id="B90DEAE8AA51775AFF40B16814E7221C" bold="true" box="[198,502,576,602]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
Description of
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:
</emphasis>
Adult male,
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SVL;
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CL (18.4% of SVL); head length
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(3.2% of SVL); head width
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(47% of head length); head arched in lateral view, rounded in dorsal view; snout slightly acuminate in lateral view, rounded in dorsal view; cervical constriction barely distinct; rostral sub-triangular,
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broad,
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high, poorly visible in dorsal view; internasal
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long,
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wide; internasal suture sinistral with respect to prefrontal suture; prefrontal
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long, 2.0 mm wide; supraocular sub-trapezoidal,
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long,
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wide; frontal sub-pentagonal,
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long,
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wide; parietal
<quantity id="4C819B1FAA51775AFF7EB00114452305" box="[248,340,809,835]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.1" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" unit="mm" value="4.1">4.1 mm</quantity>
long,
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wide; nasal divided; nostril located between prenasal and postnasal; prenasal
<quantity id="4C819B1FAA51775AFF11B07815E0232C" box="[151,241,848,874]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" unit="mm" value="0.6">0.6 mm</quantity>
long, twice as high as long; postnasal
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high, as high as long; loreal
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long,
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high, contacting second and third supralabials; eye diameter
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; pupil round; two postoculars with similar size; upper postocular
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high,
<quantity id="4C819B1FAA51775AFD9BB0B5176A23F1" box="[541,635,925,951]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" unit="mm" value="0.4">0.4 mm</quantity>
long, slightly longer than lower postocular; temporals 1+2; first temporal
<quantity id="4C819B1FAA51775AFE8EB0EC14772398" box="[264,358,964,990]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" unit="mm" value="1.5">1.5 mm</quantity>
, slightly longer than high; upper posterior temporals elongate,
<quantity id="4C819B1FAA51775AFBD6B0EC11BD2398" box="[1104,1196,964,990]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" unit="mm" value="3.3">3.3 mm</quantity>
long,
<quantity id="4C819B1FAA51775AFB71B0EC10422398" box="[1271,1363,964,990]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" unit="mm" value="0.8">0.8 mm</quantity>
wide; seven supralabials, third and fourth contacting orbit; second and third supralabials of similar size and higher than first supralabial; sixth higher and seventh longer than remaining supralabials; symphisial semicircular, four times broader than long; seven infralabials, first four contacting chinshields; first pair of infralabials in contact behind symphisial, preventing symphisial/chinshields contact; chinshields
<quantity id="4C819B1FAA51775AFBDFB77611A3243E" box="[1113,1202,1118,1144]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" unit="mm" value="2.9">2.9 mm</quantity>
long,
<quantity id="4C819B1FAA51775AFB7DB7761045243E" box="[1275,1364,1118,1144]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" unit="mm" value="0.8">0.8 mm</quantity>
wide; three gular scale rows; two preventrals; 133 ventrals; 46 subcaudals; 17/17/17 smooth dorsal scale rows; dorsals lacking apical pits, supra-anal tubercles, and keels; body diameter
<quantity id="4C819B1FAA51775AFBA7B784116E2480" box="[1057,1151,1196,1222]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" unit="mm" value="5.5">5.5 mm</quantity>
(1.7% of SVL); caudal spine moderate, conical, and slightly acuminate.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC636FAAA51775AFF40B7D015C525C1" blockId="15.[151,1437,152,1995]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<emphasis id="B90DEAE8AA51775AFF40B7D0149D2554" bold="true" box="[198,396,1272,1298]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Maxillary arch:</emphasis>
Arched in dorsal view, with five prediastemal and one postdiastemal teeth; prediastemal teeth large, well spaced, of similar size, curved posteriorly, angular in cross section, robust at base, slightly narrower at apices; maxillary diastema moderately long; postdiastemal tooth half the size of prediastemal ones.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC636FAAA51775AFF40B6BB1759278D" blockId="15.[151,1437,152,1995]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<emphasis id="B90DEAE8AA51775AFF40B6BB176E25EB" bold="true" box="[198,639,1427,1453]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
Colour in preservative of
<typeStatus id="54C28858AA51775AFD8CB6BB176B25EB" box="[522,634,1427,1453]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
:
</emphasis>
Dorsum of head dark brown with invasion of beige pigment above latero-posterior portion of parietal, occipital, and temporal regions; background of head dark brown to the median region of supralabials, except for beige temporals; descending postocular stripe dark brown, covering postoculars, first temporal, and last two supralabials; first four supralabials with ventral margin creamins white, posterior and ventral margins of fifth supralabial marked by dark brown, sixth and seventh uniformly dark brown; infralabials, genials, and gular region predominantly creamish white, with dark brown spots above symphisial, first pair of infralabials, and anterior portion of genials; mental region cream, except for proximal region of second and third pair of infralabials dark brown; venter cream spotted diffusely with dark brown dots, concentrated on posterior third of body; tail dark brown, except for cream lateral borders of anterior subcaudals; dorsum of body with dark brown collar covering first seven scale rows; collar connected to cephalic cap; dorsal ground colour beige with 26 round black blotches alternate on the flanks; paired blotches decreasing gradually in size posteriorly; anterior blotches large (five scales long and wide), reaching paraventral region; midbody blotches (two scales long and wide), restricted to paravertebral region; posterior blotches (one scale long and wide), located above sixth scale row and scarcely distinct from the ground colour; tail dorsally uniformly beige.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF066672AA4E7745FF11B0A4101F23E2" box="[151,1294,908,932]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/191487/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" targetBox="[219,1372,157,855]" targetPageId="16">
<paragraph id="8BC636FAAA4E7745FF11B0A4101F23E2" blockId="16.[151,1294,908,932]" box="[151,1294,908,932]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<emphasis id="B90DEAE8AA4E7745FF11B0A4143523E2" bold="true" box="[151,292,908,932]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">FIGURE 11.</emphasis>
Lateral view of head of the holotype of
<taxonomicName id="4C794D79AA4E7745FD55B0A5169423E2" box="[723,901,909,932]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Atractus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="medusa" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B90DEAE8AA4E7745FD55B0A5169423E2" box="[723,901,909,932]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Atractus medusa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23E5793AA4E7745FC0AB0A516CF23E2" box="[908,990,909,932]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(IAvH 2981). Scale = 5mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BC636FAAA4E7745FF40B0D511CA2586" blockId="16.[151,1437,1021,1898]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<emphasis id="B90DEAE8AA4E7745FF40B0D514ED2451" bold="true" box="[198,508,1021,1047]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Hemipenis morphology</emphasis>
(everted organ
<emphasis id="B90DEAE8AA4E7745FD60B0D517E52450" box="[742,756,1021,1046]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">n</emphasis>
= 1): Organ strongly bilobed, semicapitate, and semycalyculate; lobes clearly distinct from
<emphasis id="B90DEAE8AA4E7745FD34B70C163D247B" box="[690,812,1060,1085]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">capitulum</emphasis>
and longer than hemipenial body; lobes attenuate, centrifugally oriented, and with flattened apices; lobes uniformly covered with concentrated spinulate calyces; capitular groove indistinct on the asulcate side and well marked on sulcate side of hemipenis;
<emphasis id="B90DEAE8AA4E7745FAA4B759108D24CC" box="[1314,1436,1137,1162]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">capitulum</emphasis>
situated just above
<emphasis id="B90DEAE8AA4E7745FE0EB7B0176224F7" box="[392,627,1176,1201]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">sulcus spermaticus</emphasis>
bifurcation, longer than hemipenial body and shorter than lobes; intrasulcar region with large and narrow hooked spines; proximal area of
<emphasis id="B90DEAE8AA4E7745FC6BB7971173249E" box="[1005,1122,1215,1240]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">capitulum</emphasis>
with spinulate calyces and moderate alary spines;
<emphasis id="B90DEAE8AA4E7745FE46B7CD17A024B8" box="[448,689,1253,1278]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">sulcus spermaticus</emphasis>
bifurcates in the basal portion of hemipenial body;
<emphasis id="B90DEAE8AA4E7745FACBB7CD14362563" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">sulcus spermaticus</emphasis>
branches crentrifugally oriented and running to apices of lobes; margins of
<emphasis id="B90DEAE8AA4E7745FB3FB624108D2563" box="[1209,1436,1292,1317]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">sulcus spermaticus</emphasis>
stout and moderately expanded, bordered by spinules along hemipenial body and papillae in the lobular region; hemipenial body subelliptical, broader than
<emphasis id="B90DEAE8AA4E7745FC91B67116802534" box="[791,913,1369,1394]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">capitulum</emphasis>
, covered with hooked spines; large spines concentrated laterally on basal portion of hemipenial body; basal naked pocket extending to first third of hemipenial body; proximal portion of the organ with longitudinal plicae and diffuse spinules.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3636571AA4E7745FF40B6E5147126EE" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BC636FAAA4E7745FF40B6E5147126EE" blockId="16.[151,1437,1021,1898]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<emphasis id="B90DEAE8AA4E7745FF40B6E5144625A1" bold="true" box="[198,343,1485,1511]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Etymology:</emphasis>
The specific epithet “
<taxonomicName id="4C794D79AA4E7745FDEEB6E517D325A0" box="[616,706,1485,1510]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Atractus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="medusa">
<emphasis id="B90DEAE8AA4E7745FDEEB6E517D325A0" box="[616,706,1485,1510]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">medusa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
” refers to the female monster
<taxonomicName id="4C794D79AA4E7745FBBAB6E5118825A1" box="[1084,1177,1485,1511]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Atractus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="16" pageNumber="34" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="medusa">Medusa</taxonomicName>
(Greek: µέδουσα) of Greek mythology. According to the Greek writer Hesiod,
<taxonomicName id="4C794D79AA4E7745FCB8B6DC168A2648" box="[830,923,1524,1550]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Atractus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="16" pageNumber="34" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="medusa">Medusa</taxonomicName>
was one of the three Gorgons, daughters of the gods Phorcys and Ceto, their home being on the farthest side of the western ocean.
<taxonomicName id="4C794D79AA4E7745FB16B53211FC2672" box="[1168,1261,1562,1588]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Atractus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="16" pageNumber="34" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="medusa">Medusa</taxonomicName>
had snakes for hair and her look could petrify anyone looking into her eyes, but was beheaded by the Greek hero Perseus. Herein the word alludes to the
<typeStatus id="54C28858AA4E7745FE78B540172126C4" box="[510,560,1640,1666]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">type</typeStatus>
locality of the species, Gorgona Island, an island on the western portion of the genus range.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3636571AA4E7745FF40B59D178226B0" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BC636FAAA4E7745FF40B59D178226B0" blockId="16.[151,1437,1021,1898]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<emphasis id="B90DEAE8AA4E7745FF40B59D14782689" bold="true" box="[198,361,1717,1743]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Distribution:</emphasis>
Known only from the continental Gorgona Island, municipality of Guapi, department of Cauca, Pacific region of
<collectingCountry id="F36E766AAA4E7745FE3FB5F4173C26B0" box="[441,557,1756,1782]" name="Colombia" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Colombia</collectingCountry>
(
<figureCitation id="13422A7FAA4E7745FDBBB5F4179426B0" box="[573,645,1756,1782]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,254,1062,1086]" captionTargetBox="[200,1389,156,1061]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[198,1404,145,1061]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Geographic distribution of the Atractus multicinctus species group." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/191478/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3636571AA4E7745FF40B42A173D272C" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BC636FAAA4E7745FF40B42A173D272C" blockId="16.[151,1437,1021,1898]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<emphasis id="B90DEAE8AA4E7745FF40B42A1453275A" bold="true" box="[198,322,1794,1820]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Remarks:</emphasis>
Despite the fact that
<taxonomicName id="4C794D79AA4E7745FDB9B42A17AB275D" box="[575,698,1794,1819]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Atractus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="medusa">
<emphasis id="B90DEAE8AA4E7745FDB9B42A17AB275D" box="[575,698,1794,1819]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">A. medusa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is described on the basis of a single specimen, it is apparently abundant on Gorgona Island (M. Rada, pers. commun.). The island is a national park of
<collectingCountry id="F36E766AAA4E7745FB30B401103A2705" box="[1206,1323,1833,1859]" name="Colombia" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Colombia</collectingCountry>
and, as a consequence, collecting is limited.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>