271 lines
61 KiB
XML
271 lines
61 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.208.89913" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-208-103" ID-Pensoft-UUID="88C0802178725C0F86DB6E2074FDD5AB" ModsDocID="1314-2003-208-103" checkinTime="1663785939964" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Lobban, Christopher S., Ashworth, Matt P., Camacho, Terance, Lam, Daryl W. & Theriot, Edward C." docDate="2022" docId="BC4123A373E65A5CBA1BAFB8B61F1479" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 208: 103-184" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 208" docPubDate="2022-09-21" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.208.89913" docTitle="Ardissonea formosa De Toni 1892" docType="treatment" docVersion="1" id="88C0802178725C0F86DB6E2074FDD5AB" lastPageNumber="103" masterDocId="88C0802178725C0F86DB6E2074FDD5AB" masterDocTitle="Revision of Ardissoneaceae (Bacillariophyta, Mediophyceae) from Micronesian populations, with descriptions of two new genera, Ardissoneopsis and Grunowago, and new species in Ardissonea, Synedrosphenia and Climacosphenia" masterLastPageNumber="184" masterPageNumber="103" pageNumber="103" updateTime="1663785939964" updateUser="pensoft">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Revision of Ardissoneaceae (Bacillariophyta, Mediophyceae) from Micronesian populations, with descriptions of two new genera, Ardissoneopsis and Grunowago, and new species in Ardissonea, Synedrosphenia and Climacosphenia</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Lobban, Christopher S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1596-0656</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Division of Natural Sciences, University of Guam, Mangilao, GU 96923, Guam, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">clobban@guam.net</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Ashworth, Matt P.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Camacho, Terance</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Division of Natural Sciences, University of Guam, Mangilao, GU 96923, Guam, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Lam, Daryl W.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>LSAMP Program, University of Guam, Mangilao, GU 96923, Guam, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Theriot, Edward C.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title>PhytoKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2022</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2022-09-21</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>208</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>103</mods:start>
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<mods:end>184</mods:end>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.208.89913</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.208.89913</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-208-103</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">88C0802178725C0F86DB6E2074FDD5AB</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:BC4123A373E65A5CBA1BAFB8B61F1479" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/BC4123A373E65A5CBA1BAFB8B61F1479" lastPageNumber="103" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="103" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="103">
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<taxonomicName LSID="BC4123A3-73E6-5A5C-BA1B-AFB8B61F1479" authority="(Hantzsch) De Toni, 1892" authorityName="De Toni" authorityYear="1892" baseAuthorityName="Hantzsch" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Ardissoneaceae" genus="Ardissonea" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Ardissonea formosa" order="Ardissoneales" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" rank="species" species="formosa">Ardissonea formosa (Hantzsch) De Toni, 1892</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="103" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="103">
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Micrographs of Ardissonea formosa A whole frustule, length 380 µm, girdle view in SEM, showing isopolarity (Guam: GU 44 BH- 5) B, C light micrographs at two focal planes, apical part of valve showing internal foramina (B arrows), annulus and central costa (C arrowheads) (Jaluit: J 5) D SEM of internal aspect showing inner wall with foramina and narrow apical pseudoseptum (arrow) (GU 44 BJ- 2) E internal aspect of valve pole with inner wall missing, showing a central longitudinal costa (arrow) (Yap: Y 42 - 1) F internal view of pole of valve with valvocopula, showing double wall with one central line of foramina, transverse and longitudinal costae showing through the interior wall, and the pores of the valvocopula asymmetrically deflected around the notch (arrow) (Y 42 - 1) G broken frustule showing details of wall structure-inner and outer layers separated by costae, inner layer with foramina-in relation to valvocopula and copula (GU 44 BJ- 4) H pole of frustule showing long fimbriae at tip of copula (arrow) (GU 75 A- 4) I detail of frustule pole in girdle view, showing the three girdle bands with no pores in the external surfaces and the groove in the valvocopula apex (arrow) (GU 44 BH- 5) J details of mid portion of frustule in girdle view, showing a line of pores on the edge of the copula (arrowhead) and on the pleura, and the fimbriate inner edge of the valvocopula (arrow) (GU 52 R- 2). Abbreviations used on figures: VC = valvocopula; cop = copula; pl = pleura. Scale bars: 100 µm (A); 10 µm (B-C, I); 5 µm (D-H, J)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.208.89913.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/746717" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="103" type="references">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="103">References.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="103">
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.68918" author="Peragallo, H" journalOrPublisher="Tempere, Grez-sur-Loing, France" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" refId="B59" refString="Peragallo, H, Peragallo, M, 1897-1908. Diatomees Marines de France et des Districts Maritimes Voisins. M.J. Tempere, Grez-sur-Loing, France, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.68918" title="Diatomees Marines de France et des Districts Maritimes Voisins. M. J." url="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.68918" year="1897 - 1908">Peragallo and Peragallo 1897-1908</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 310, pl. 78, fig. 6;
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<bibRefCitation author="Hustedt, F" journalOrPublisher="Hidrobiologica" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" refId="B25" refString="Hustedt, F, 1931-1959. Die Kieselalgen Deutschlands, Oesterreichs und der Schweiz. In: Rabenhorst's Kryptogamenflora, Band 7, Teil 2. Johnson Reprint, New York." title="Die Kieselalgen Deutschlands, Oesterreichs und der Schweiz. In: Rabenhorst's Kryptogamenflora, Band 7, Teil 2. Johnson Reprint, New York." year="1931 - 1959">Hustedt 1931-1959</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 233, fig. 720;
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1080/0269249X.1995.9705336" author="Sullivan, MJ" journalOrPublisher="Diatom Research" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" pagination="179 - 190" refId="B75" refString="Sullivan, MJ, Wear, DJ, 1995. A morphological study of the giant diatoms Ardissonea formosa and Synedra bacillaris. Diatom Research 10 (1): 179 - 190, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/0269249X.1995.9705336" title="A morphological study of the giant diatoms Ardissonea formosa and Synedra bacillaris." url="https://doi.org/10.1080/0269249X.1995.9705336" volume="10" year="1995">Sullivan and Wear 1995</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 181, figs 1-8;
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1515/botm.1982.25.6.247" author="Navarro, JN" journalOrPublisher="Botanica Marina" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" pagination="247 - 263" refId="B51" refString="Navarro, JN, 1982. A survey of the marine diatoms of Puerto Rico. IV. Suborder Araphidinae: Families Diatomaceae and Protoraphidaceae. Botanica Marina 25: 247 - 263, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/botm.1982.25.6.247" title="A survey of the marine diatoms of Puerto Rico. IV. Suborder Araphidinae: Families Diatomaceae and Protoraphidaceae." url="https://doi.org/10.1515/botm.1982.25.6.247" volume="25" year="1982">Navarro 1982</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 260, figs 61-63;
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1080/0269249X.2009.9705787" author="Navarro, JN" journalOrPublisher="Diatom Research" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" pagination="123 - 157" refId="B52" refString="Navarro, JN, Lobban, CS, 2009. Freshwater and marine diatoms from the western Pacific islands of Yap and Guam, with notes on some diatoms in damselfish territories. Diatom Research 24: 123 - 157, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/0269249X.2009.9705787" title="Freshwater and marine diatoms from the western Pacific islands of Yap and Guam, with notes on some diatoms in damselfish territories." url="https://doi.org/10.1080/0269249X.2009.9705787" volume="24" year="2009">Navarro and Lobban 2009</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 136;
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<bibRefCitation author="Lobban, CS" journalOrPublisher="Micronesica" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" pagination="237 - 479" publicationUrl="https://micronesica.org/sites/default/files/6_lobban.schefter_micronesica_431.pdf" refId="B41" refString="Lobban, CS, Schefter, M, Jordan, RW, Arai, Y, Sasaki, A, Theriot, EC, Ashworth, M, Ruck, EC, Pennesi, C, 2012. Coral-reef diatoms (Bacillariophyta) from Guam: New records and preliminary checklist, with emphasis on epiphytic species from farmer-fish territories. Micronesica 43: 237 - 479, https://micronesica.org/sites/default/files/6_lobban.schefter_micronesica_431.pdf" title="Coral-reef diatoms (Bacillariophyta) from Guam: New records and preliminary checklist, with emphasis on epiphytic species from farmer-fish territories." url="https://micronesica.org/sites/default/files/6_lobban.schefter_micronesica_431.pdf" volume="43" year="2012">Lobban et al. 2012</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 259, pl. 15, figs 4, 5, pl. 16, figs 1, 2;
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.351.2.1" author="Park, JS" journalOrPublisher="Phytotaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" pagination="101 - 140" refId="B55" refString="Park, JS, Lobban, CS, Lee, K-W, 2018. Diatoms associated with seaweeds from Moen Island in Chuuk Lagoon, Micronesia. Phytotaxa 351 (2): 101 - 140, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.351.2.1" title="Diatoms associated with seaweeds from Moen Island in Chuuk Lagoon, Micronesia." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.351.2.1" volume="351" year="2018">Park et al. 2018</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 105, fig. 5.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="103" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Description from literature.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="103">
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<bibRefCitation author="Hustedt, F" journalOrPublisher="Hidrobiologica" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" refId="B25" refString="Hustedt, F, 1931-1959. Die Kieselalgen Deutschlands, Oesterreichs und der Schweiz. In: Rabenhorst's Kryptogamenflora, Band 7, Teil 2. Johnson Reprint, New York." title="Die Kieselalgen Deutschlands, Oesterreichs und der Schweiz. In: Rabenhorst's Kryptogamenflora, Band 7, Teil 2. Johnson Reprint, New York." year="1931 - 1959">Hustedt (1931-1959)</bibRefCitation>
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described this species as linear with ends somewhat narrowed, 200-700
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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long, 15-25
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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wide, 9-10 transapical costae in 10
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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, two rows of areolae between each costa; two or three longitudinal costae and an inner layer, dividing the wall into a series of chambers, each with a single foramen in the inner wall, resulting in three or four chambers. The series of foramina have been described as rows of
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<normalizedToken originalValue="“pearls,”">"pearls,"</normalizedToken>
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parallel to the longitudinal lines of the annulus with its underlying costae and sometimes a central costa.
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<bibRefCitation author="Hustedt, F" journalOrPublisher="Hidrobiologica" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" refId="B25" refString="Hustedt, F, 1931-1959. Die Kieselalgen Deutschlands, Oesterreichs und der Schweiz. In: Rabenhorst's Kryptogamenflora, Band 7, Teil 2. Johnson Reprint, New York." title="Die Kieselalgen Deutschlands, Oesterreichs und der Schweiz. In: Rabenhorst's Kryptogamenflora, Band 7, Teil 2. Johnson Reprint, New York." year="1931 - 1959">Hustedt (1931-1959)</bibRefCitation>
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specifically referred to a (3rd) longitudinal costa down the middle sometimes, and his fig. 720b shows two rows of foramina between the annular lines, suggesting a costa between them, as the chambers were supposed to have only a single opening. A similar situation is seen in
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1080/0269249X.1995.9705336" author="Sullivan, MJ" journalOrPublisher="Diatom Research" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" pagination="179 - 190" refId="B75" refString="Sullivan, MJ, Wear, DJ, 1995. A morphological study of the giant diatoms Ardissonea formosa and Synedra bacillaris. Diatom Research 10 (1): 179 - 190, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/0269249X.1995.9705336" title="A morphological study of the giant diatoms Ardissonea formosa and Synedra bacillaris." url="https://doi.org/10.1080/0269249X.1995.9705336" volume="10" year="1995">Sullivan and Wear (1995</bibRefCitation>
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: fig. 4).
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<bibRefCitation author="Hustedt, F" journalOrPublisher="Hidrobiologica" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" refId="B25" refString="Hustedt, F, 1931-1959. Die Kieselalgen Deutschlands, Oesterreichs und der Schweiz. In: Rabenhorst's Kryptogamenflora, Band 7, Teil 2. Johnson Reprint, New York." title="Die Kieselalgen Deutschlands, Oesterreichs und der Schweiz. In: Rabenhorst's Kryptogamenflora, Band 7, Teil 2. Johnson Reprint, New York." year="1931 - 1959">Hustedt (1931-1959)</bibRefCitation>
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showed two rows of areolae between the transapical costae, but
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1080/0269249X.1995.9705336" author="Sullivan, MJ" journalOrPublisher="Diatom Research" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" pagination="179 - 190" refId="B75" refString="Sullivan, MJ, Wear, DJ, 1995. A morphological study of the giant diatoms Ardissonea formosa and Synedra bacillaris. Diatom Research 10 (1): 179 - 190, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/0269249X.1995.9705336" title="A morphological study of the giant diatoms Ardissonea formosa and Synedra bacillaris." url="https://doi.org/10.1080/0269249X.1995.9705336" volume="10" year="1995">Sullivan and Wear (1995)</bibRefCitation>
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reported only one and noted the discrepancy. With SEM they showed that the valvocopula had a prominent notch in the advalvar side and a fimbriate edge to the pars interior. They noted that the areolae at the poles were smaller, circular, less dense and more loosely organized but not an apical pore field.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="103" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Materials examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="103">
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<collectingCountry name="Guam">Guam</collectingCountry>
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: GU44BH-5!, GU26A!, GU52R-2!.
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<collectingCountry name="Micronesia">Federated States of Micronesia</collectingCountry>
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:
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<collectingRegion country="Micronesia" name="Yap">Yap</collectingRegion>
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: Y39A!, Y42-1!.
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<collectingCountry name="Marshall Islands">Marshall Islands</collectingCountry>
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:
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<collectingRegion country="Marshall Islands" name="Jaluit">Jaluit Atoll</collectingRegion>
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: J5!; Bakir Atoll: BA2!.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="103" type="observations">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Observations.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="103">
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Valves linear with broadly rounded poles, 201-300
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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long, 22-24
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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wide, striae 8-10 in 10
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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, isopolar in both valve and girdle view (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Micrographs of Ardissonea formosa A whole frustule, length 380 µm, girdle view in SEM, showing isopolarity (Guam: GU 44 BH- 5) B, C light micrographs at two focal planes, apical part of valve showing internal foramina (B arrows), annulus and central costa (C arrowheads) (Jaluit: J 5) D SEM of internal aspect showing inner wall with foramina and narrow apical pseudoseptum (arrow) (GU 44 BJ- 2) E internal aspect of valve pole with inner wall missing, showing a central longitudinal costa (arrow) (Yap: Y 42 - 1) F internal view of pole of valve with valvocopula, showing double wall with one central line of foramina, transverse and longitudinal costae showing through the interior wall, and the pores of the valvocopula asymmetrically deflected around the notch (arrow) (Y 42 - 1) G broken frustule showing details of wall structure-inner and outer layers separated by costae, inner layer with foramina-in relation to valvocopula and copula (GU 44 BJ- 4) H pole of frustule showing long fimbriae at tip of copula (arrow) (GU 75 A- 4) I detail of frustule pole in girdle view, showing the three girdle bands with no pores in the external surfaces and the groove in the valvocopula apex (arrow) (GU 44 BH- 5) J details of mid portion of frustule in girdle view, showing a line of pores on the edge of the copula (arrowhead) and on the pleura, and the fimbriate inner edge of the valvocopula (arrow) (GU 52 R- 2). Abbreviations used on figures: VC = valvocopula; cop = copula; pl = pleura. Scale bars: 100 µm (A); 10 µm (B-C, I); 5 µm (D-H, J)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.208.89913.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/746717" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">1A</figureCitation>
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). Plastids numerous, lenticular, displaying peristrophy and karyostrophy depending on light intensity (Suppl. material 3: Fig. S1). Three or five longitudinal lines seen in two focal planes (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Micrographs of Ardissonea formosa A whole frustule, length 380 µm, girdle view in SEM, showing isopolarity (Guam: GU 44 BH- 5) B, C light micrographs at two focal planes, apical part of valve showing internal foramina (B arrows), annulus and central costa (C arrowheads) (Jaluit: J 5) D SEM of internal aspect showing inner wall with foramina and narrow apical pseudoseptum (arrow) (GU 44 BJ- 2) E internal aspect of valve pole with inner wall missing, showing a central longitudinal costa (arrow) (Yap: Y 42 - 1) F internal view of pole of valve with valvocopula, showing double wall with one central line of foramina, transverse and longitudinal costae showing through the interior wall, and the pores of the valvocopula asymmetrically deflected around the notch (arrow) (Y 42 - 1) G broken frustule showing details of wall structure-inner and outer layers separated by costae, inner layer with foramina-in relation to valvocopula and copula (GU 44 BJ- 4) H pole of frustule showing long fimbriae at tip of copula (arrow) (GU 75 A- 4) I detail of frustule pole in girdle view, showing the three girdle bands with no pores in the external surfaces and the groove in the valvocopula apex (arrow) (GU 44 BH- 5) J details of mid portion of frustule in girdle view, showing a line of pores on the edge of the copula (arrowhead) and on the pleura, and the fimbriate inner edge of the valvocopula (arrow) (GU 52 R- 2). Abbreviations used on figures: VC = valvocopula; cop = copula; pl = pleura. Scale bars: 100 µm (A); 10 µm (B-C, I); 5 µm (D-H, J)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.208.89913.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/746717" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">1B, C</figureCitation>
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): if five, the annulus, subtending a longitudinal costa, on the valve face (not hidden at the valve margin), a central line where the offset striae meet; between these, on the inner wall, two rows of foramina (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Micrographs of Ardissonea formosa A whole frustule, length 380 µm, girdle view in SEM, showing isopolarity (Guam: GU 44 BH- 5) B, C light micrographs at two focal planes, apical part of valve showing internal foramina (B arrows), annulus and central costa (C arrowheads) (Jaluit: J 5) D SEM of internal aspect showing inner wall with foramina and narrow apical pseudoseptum (arrow) (GU 44 BJ- 2) E internal aspect of valve pole with inner wall missing, showing a central longitudinal costa (arrow) (Yap: Y 42 - 1) F internal view of pole of valve with valvocopula, showing double wall with one central line of foramina, transverse and longitudinal costae showing through the interior wall, and the pores of the valvocopula asymmetrically deflected around the notch (arrow) (Y 42 - 1) G broken frustule showing details of wall structure-inner and outer layers separated by costae, inner layer with foramina-in relation to valvocopula and copula (GU 44 BJ- 4) H pole of frustule showing long fimbriae at tip of copula (arrow) (GU 75 A- 4) I detail of frustule pole in girdle view, showing the three girdle bands with no pores in the external surfaces and the groove in the valvocopula apex (arrow) (GU 44 BH- 5) J details of mid portion of frustule in girdle view, showing a line of pores on the edge of the copula (arrowhead) and on the pleura, and the fimbriate inner edge of the valvocopula (arrow) (GU 52 R- 2). Abbreviations used on figures: VC = valvocopula; cop = copula; pl = pleura. Scale bars: 100 µm (A); 10 µm (B-C, I); 5 µm (D-H, J)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.208.89913.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/746717" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">1B-D</figureCitation>
|
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). If three lines, one central row of foramina with no longitudinal costa (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Micrographs of Ardissonea formosa A whole frustule, length 380 µm, girdle view in SEM, showing isopolarity (Guam: GU 44 BH- 5) B, C light micrographs at two focal planes, apical part of valve showing internal foramina (B arrows), annulus and central costa (C arrowheads) (Jaluit: J 5) D SEM of internal aspect showing inner wall with foramina and narrow apical pseudoseptum (arrow) (GU 44 BJ- 2) E internal aspect of valve pole with inner wall missing, showing a central longitudinal costa (arrow) (Yap: Y 42 - 1) F internal view of pole of valve with valvocopula, showing double wall with one central line of foramina, transverse and longitudinal costae showing through the interior wall, and the pores of the valvocopula asymmetrically deflected around the notch (arrow) (Y 42 - 1) G broken frustule showing details of wall structure-inner and outer layers separated by costae, inner layer with foramina-in relation to valvocopula and copula (GU 44 BJ- 4) H pole of frustule showing long fimbriae at tip of copula (arrow) (GU 75 A- 4) I detail of frustule pole in girdle view, showing the three girdle bands with no pores in the external surfaces and the groove in the valvocopula apex (arrow) (GU 44 BH- 5) J details of mid portion of frustule in girdle view, showing a line of pores on the edge of the copula (arrowhead) and on the pleura, and the fimbriate inner edge of the valvocopula (arrow) (GU 52 R- 2). Abbreviations used on figures: VC = valvocopula; cop = copula; pl = pleura. Scale bars: 100 µm (A); 10 µm (B-C, I); 5 µm (D-H, J)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.208.89913.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/746717" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">1F</figureCitation>
|
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). Two additional rows of foramina along the angle of the valve-mantle junction seen in SEM but obscured in LM (Fig.
|
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Micrographs of Ardissonea formosa A whole frustule, length 380 µm, girdle view in SEM, showing isopolarity (Guam: GU 44 BH- 5) B, C light micrographs at two focal planes, apical part of valve showing internal foramina (B arrows), annulus and central costa (C arrowheads) (Jaluit: J 5) D SEM of internal aspect showing inner wall with foramina and narrow apical pseudoseptum (arrow) (GU 44 BJ- 2) E internal aspect of valve pole with inner wall missing, showing a central longitudinal costa (arrow) (Yap: Y 42 - 1) F internal view of pole of valve with valvocopula, showing double wall with one central line of foramina, transverse and longitudinal costae showing through the interior wall, and the pores of the valvocopula asymmetrically deflected around the notch (arrow) (Y 42 - 1) G broken frustule showing details of wall structure-inner and outer layers separated by costae, inner layer with foramina-in relation to valvocopula and copula (GU 44 BJ- 4) H pole of frustule showing long fimbriae at tip of copula (arrow) (GU 75 A- 4) I detail of frustule pole in girdle view, showing the three girdle bands with no pores in the external surfaces and the groove in the valvocopula apex (arrow) (GU 44 BH- 5) J details of mid portion of frustule in girdle view, showing a line of pores on the edge of the copula (arrowhead) and on the pleura, and the fimbriate inner edge of the valvocopula (arrow) (GU 52 R- 2). Abbreviations used on figures: VC = valvocopula; cop = copula; pl = pleura. Scale bars: 100 µm (A); 10 µm (B-C, I); 5 µm (D-H, J)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.208.89913.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/746717" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">1D, F</figureCitation>
|
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). The pattern of costae underlying the inner wall can be traced in Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Micrographs of Ardissonea formosa A whole frustule, length 380 µm, girdle view in SEM, showing isopolarity (Guam: GU 44 BH- 5) B, C light micrographs at two focal planes, apical part of valve showing internal foramina (B arrows), annulus and central costa (C arrowheads) (Jaluit: J 5) D SEM of internal aspect showing inner wall with foramina and narrow apical pseudoseptum (arrow) (GU 44 BJ- 2) E internal aspect of valve pole with inner wall missing, showing a central longitudinal costa (arrow) (Yap: Y 42 - 1) F internal view of pole of valve with valvocopula, showing double wall with one central line of foramina, transverse and longitudinal costae showing through the interior wall, and the pores of the valvocopula asymmetrically deflected around the notch (arrow) (Y 42 - 1) G broken frustule showing details of wall structure-inner and outer layers separated by costae, inner layer with foramina-in relation to valvocopula and copula (GU 44 BJ- 4) H pole of frustule showing long fimbriae at tip of copula (arrow) (GU 75 A- 4) I detail of frustule pole in girdle view, showing the three girdle bands with no pores in the external surfaces and the groove in the valvocopula apex (arrow) (GU 44 BH- 5) J details of mid portion of frustule in girdle view, showing a line of pores on the edge of the copula (arrowhead) and on the pleura, and the fimbriate inner edge of the valvocopula (arrow) (GU 52 R- 2). Abbreviations used on figures: VC = valvocopula; cop = copula; pl = pleura. Scale bars: 100 µm (A); 10 µm (B-C, I); 5 µm (D-H, J)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.208.89913.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/746717" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">1D</figureCitation>
|
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and seen directly in Fig.
|
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Micrographs of Ardissonea formosa A whole frustule, length 380 µm, girdle view in SEM, showing isopolarity (Guam: GU 44 BH- 5) B, C light micrographs at two focal planes, apical part of valve showing internal foramina (B arrows), annulus and central costa (C arrowheads) (Jaluit: J 5) D SEM of internal aspect showing inner wall with foramina and narrow apical pseudoseptum (arrow) (GU 44 BJ- 2) E internal aspect of valve pole with inner wall missing, showing a central longitudinal costa (arrow) (Yap: Y 42 - 1) F internal view of pole of valve with valvocopula, showing double wall with one central line of foramina, transverse and longitudinal costae showing through the interior wall, and the pores of the valvocopula asymmetrically deflected around the notch (arrow) (Y 42 - 1) G broken frustule showing details of wall structure-inner and outer layers separated by costae, inner layer with foramina-in relation to valvocopula and copula (GU 44 BJ- 4) H pole of frustule showing long fimbriae at tip of copula (arrow) (GU 75 A- 4) I detail of frustule pole in girdle view, showing the three girdle bands with no pores in the external surfaces and the groove in the valvocopula apex (arrow) (GU 44 BH- 5) J details of mid portion of frustule in girdle view, showing a line of pores on the edge of the copula (arrowhead) and on the pleura, and the fimbriate inner edge of the valvocopula (arrow) (GU 52 R- 2). Abbreviations used on figures: VC = valvocopula; cop = copula; pl = pleura. Scale bars: 100 µm (A); 10 µm (B-C, I); 5 µm (D-H, J)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.208.89913.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/746717" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">1E</figureCitation>
|
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. We have also seen specimens with one row of foramina along the midline (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Micrographs of Ardissonea formosa A whole frustule, length 380 µm, girdle view in SEM, showing isopolarity (Guam: GU 44 BH- 5) B, C light micrographs at two focal planes, apical part of valve showing internal foramina (B arrows), annulus and central costa (C arrowheads) (Jaluit: J 5) D SEM of internal aspect showing inner wall with foramina and narrow apical pseudoseptum (arrow) (GU 44 BJ- 2) E internal aspect of valve pole with inner wall missing, showing a central longitudinal costa (arrow) (Yap: Y 42 - 1) F internal view of pole of valve with valvocopula, showing double wall with one central line of foramina, transverse and longitudinal costae showing through the interior wall, and the pores of the valvocopula asymmetrically deflected around the notch (arrow) (Y 42 - 1) G broken frustule showing details of wall structure-inner and outer layers separated by costae, inner layer with foramina-in relation to valvocopula and copula (GU 44 BJ- 4) H pole of frustule showing long fimbriae at tip of copula (arrow) (GU 75 A- 4) I detail of frustule pole in girdle view, showing the three girdle bands with no pores in the external surfaces and the groove in the valvocopula apex (arrow) (GU 44 BH- 5) J details of mid portion of frustule in girdle view, showing a line of pores on the edge of the copula (arrowhead) and on the pleura, and the fimbriate inner edge of the valvocopula (arrow) (GU 52 R- 2). Abbreviations used on figures: VC = valvocopula; cop = copula; pl = pleura. Scale bars: 100 µm (A); 10 µm (B-C, I); 5 µm (D-H, J)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.208.89913.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/746717" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">1F</figureCitation>
|
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). Commonly one or two longitudinal depressions in valve surface, giving a shallow
|
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">v</emphasis>
|
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(Fig.
|
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Micrographs of Ardissonea formosa A whole frustule, length 380 µm, girdle view in SEM, showing isopolarity (Guam: GU 44 BH- 5) B, C light micrographs at two focal planes, apical part of valve showing internal foramina (B arrows), annulus and central costa (C arrowheads) (Jaluit: J 5) D SEM of internal aspect showing inner wall with foramina and narrow apical pseudoseptum (arrow) (GU 44 BJ- 2) E internal aspect of valve pole with inner wall missing, showing a central longitudinal costa (arrow) (Yap: Y 42 - 1) F internal view of pole of valve with valvocopula, showing double wall with one central line of foramina, transverse and longitudinal costae showing through the interior wall, and the pores of the valvocopula asymmetrically deflected around the notch (arrow) (Y 42 - 1) G broken frustule showing details of wall structure-inner and outer layers separated by costae, inner layer with foramina-in relation to valvocopula and copula (GU 44 BJ- 4) H pole of frustule showing long fimbriae at tip of copula (arrow) (GU 75 A- 4) I detail of frustule pole in girdle view, showing the three girdle bands with no pores in the external surfaces and the groove in the valvocopula apex (arrow) (GU 44 BH- 5) J details of mid portion of frustule in girdle view, showing a line of pores on the edge of the copula (arrowhead) and on the pleura, and the fimbriate inner edge of the valvocopula (arrow) (GU 52 R- 2). Abbreviations used on figures: VC = valvocopula; cop = copula; pl = pleura. Scale bars: 100 µm (A); 10 µm (B-C, I); 5 µm (D-H, J)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.208.89913.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/746717" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">1I</figureCitation>
|
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) or
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">w</emphasis>
|
||
profile. Striae comprising single row of oval areolae between each transapical costa (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Micrographs of Ardissonea formosa A whole frustule, length 380 µm, girdle view in SEM, showing isopolarity (Guam: GU 44 BH- 5) B, C light micrographs at two focal planes, apical part of valve showing internal foramina (B arrows), annulus and central costa (C arrowheads) (Jaluit: J 5) D SEM of internal aspect showing inner wall with foramina and narrow apical pseudoseptum (arrow) (GU 44 BJ- 2) E internal aspect of valve pole with inner wall missing, showing a central longitudinal costa (arrow) (Yap: Y 42 - 1) F internal view of pole of valve with valvocopula, showing double wall with one central line of foramina, transverse and longitudinal costae showing through the interior wall, and the pores of the valvocopula asymmetrically deflected around the notch (arrow) (Y 42 - 1) G broken frustule showing details of wall structure-inner and outer layers separated by costae, inner layer with foramina-in relation to valvocopula and copula (GU 44 BJ- 4) H pole of frustule showing long fimbriae at tip of copula (arrow) (GU 75 A- 4) I detail of frustule pole in girdle view, showing the three girdle bands with no pores in the external surfaces and the groove in the valvocopula apex (arrow) (GU 44 BH- 5) J details of mid portion of frustule in girdle view, showing a line of pores on the edge of the copula (arrowhead) and on the pleura, and the fimbriate inner edge of the valvocopula (arrow) (GU 52 R- 2). Abbreviations used on figures: VC = valvocopula; cop = copula; pl = pleura. Scale bars: 100 µm (A); 10 µm (B-C, I); 5 µm (D-H, J)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.208.89913.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/746717" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">1C, E, G</figureCitation>
|
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); loose rows of smaller, circular areolae at the poles, especially noticeable on mantle (Fig.
|
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Micrographs of Ardissonea formosa A whole frustule, length 380 µm, girdle view in SEM, showing isopolarity (Guam: GU 44 BH- 5) B, C light micrographs at two focal planes, apical part of valve showing internal foramina (B arrows), annulus and central costa (C arrowheads) (Jaluit: J 5) D SEM of internal aspect showing inner wall with foramina and narrow apical pseudoseptum (arrow) (GU 44 BJ- 2) E internal aspect of valve pole with inner wall missing, showing a central longitudinal costa (arrow) (Yap: Y 42 - 1) F internal view of pole of valve with valvocopula, showing double wall with one central line of foramina, transverse and longitudinal costae showing through the interior wall, and the pores of the valvocopula asymmetrically deflected around the notch (arrow) (Y 42 - 1) G broken frustule showing details of wall structure-inner and outer layers separated by costae, inner layer with foramina-in relation to valvocopula and copula (GU 44 BJ- 4) H pole of frustule showing long fimbriae at tip of copula (arrow) (GU 75 A- 4) I detail of frustule pole in girdle view, showing the three girdle bands with no pores in the external surfaces and the groove in the valvocopula apex (arrow) (GU 44 BH- 5) J details of mid portion of frustule in girdle view, showing a line of pores on the edge of the copula (arrowhead) and on the pleura, and the fimbriate inner edge of the valvocopula (arrow) (GU 52 R- 2). Abbreviations used on figures: VC = valvocopula; cop = copula; pl = pleura. Scale bars: 100 µm (A); 10 µm (B-C, I); 5 µm (D-H, J)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.208.89913.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/746717" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">1I</figureCitation>
|
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). Narrow pseudoseptum around poles (Fig.
|
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Micrographs of Ardissonea formosa A whole frustule, length 380 µm, girdle view in SEM, showing isopolarity (Guam: GU 44 BH- 5) B, C light micrographs at two focal planes, apical part of valve showing internal foramina (B arrows), annulus and central costa (C arrowheads) (Jaluit: J 5) D SEM of internal aspect showing inner wall with foramina and narrow apical pseudoseptum (arrow) (GU 44 BJ- 2) E internal aspect of valve pole with inner wall missing, showing a central longitudinal costa (arrow) (Yap: Y 42 - 1) F internal view of pole of valve with valvocopula, showing double wall with one central line of foramina, transverse and longitudinal costae showing through the interior wall, and the pores of the valvocopula asymmetrically deflected around the notch (arrow) (Y 42 - 1) G broken frustule showing details of wall structure-inner and outer layers separated by costae, inner layer with foramina-in relation to valvocopula and copula (GU 44 BJ- 4) H pole of frustule showing long fimbriae at tip of copula (arrow) (GU 75 A- 4) I detail of frustule pole in girdle view, showing the three girdle bands with no pores in the external surfaces and the groove in the valvocopula apex (arrow) (GU 44 BH- 5) J details of mid portion of frustule in girdle view, showing a line of pores on the edge of the copula (arrowhead) and on the pleura, and the fimbriate inner edge of the valvocopula (arrow) (GU 52 R- 2). Abbreviations used on figures: VC = valvocopula; cop = copula; pl = pleura. Scale bars: 100 µm (A); 10 µm (B-C, I); 5 µm (D-H, J)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.208.89913.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/746717" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">1D, E</figureCitation>
|
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), elsewhere the double wall forms a thick rim (Fig.
|
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Micrographs of Ardissonea formosa A whole frustule, length 380 µm, girdle view in SEM, showing isopolarity (Guam: GU 44 BH- 5) B, C light micrographs at two focal planes, apical part of valve showing internal foramina (B arrows), annulus and central costa (C arrowheads) (Jaluit: J 5) D SEM of internal aspect showing inner wall with foramina and narrow apical pseudoseptum (arrow) (GU 44 BJ- 2) E internal aspect of valve pole with inner wall missing, showing a central longitudinal costa (arrow) (Yap: Y 42 - 1) F internal view of pole of valve with valvocopula, showing double wall with one central line of foramina, transverse and longitudinal costae showing through the interior wall, and the pores of the valvocopula asymmetrically deflected around the notch (arrow) (Y 42 - 1) G broken frustule showing details of wall structure-inner and outer layers separated by costae, inner layer with foramina-in relation to valvocopula and copula (GU 44 BJ- 4) H pole of frustule showing long fimbriae at tip of copula (arrow) (GU 75 A- 4) I detail of frustule pole in girdle view, showing the three girdle bands with no pores in the external surfaces and the groove in the valvocopula apex (arrow) (GU 44 BH- 5) J details of mid portion of frustule in girdle view, showing a line of pores on the edge of the copula (arrowhead) and on the pleura, and the fimbriate inner edge of the valvocopula (arrow) (GU 52 R- 2). Abbreviations used on figures: VC = valvocopula; cop = copula; pl = pleura. Scale bars: 100 µm (A); 10 µm (B-C, I); 5 µm (D-H, J)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.208.89913.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/746717" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">1G</figureCitation>
|
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). Three girdle bands as follows (Fig.
|
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Micrographs of Ardissonea formosa A whole frustule, length 380 µm, girdle view in SEM, showing isopolarity (Guam: GU 44 BH- 5) B, C light micrographs at two focal planes, apical part of valve showing internal foramina (B arrows), annulus and central costa (C arrowheads) (Jaluit: J 5) D SEM of internal aspect showing inner wall with foramina and narrow apical pseudoseptum (arrow) (GU 44 BJ- 2) E internal aspect of valve pole with inner wall missing, showing a central longitudinal costa (arrow) (Yap: Y 42 - 1) F internal view of pole of valve with valvocopula, showing double wall with one central line of foramina, transverse and longitudinal costae showing through the interior wall, and the pores of the valvocopula asymmetrically deflected around the notch (arrow) (Y 42 - 1) G broken frustule showing details of wall structure-inner and outer layers separated by costae, inner layer with foramina-in relation to valvocopula and copula (GU 44 BJ- 4) H pole of frustule showing long fimbriae at tip of copula (arrow) (GU 75 A- 4) I detail of frustule pole in girdle view, showing the three girdle bands with no pores in the external surfaces and the groove in the valvocopula apex (arrow) (GU 44 BH- 5) J details of mid portion of frustule in girdle view, showing a line of pores on the edge of the copula (arrowhead) and on the pleura, and the fimbriate inner edge of the valvocopula (arrow) (GU 52 R- 2). Abbreviations used on figures: VC = valvocopula; cop = copula; pl = pleura. Scale bars: 100 µm (A); 10 µm (B-C, I); 5 µm (D-H, J)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.208.89913.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/746717" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">1F-J</figureCitation>
|
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). Valvocopula with line of small pores along edge of pars interior, usually obscured in girdle view, deflecting asymmetrically inwards at pole (Fig.
|
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Micrographs of Ardissonea formosa A whole frustule, length 380 µm, girdle view in SEM, showing isopolarity (Guam: GU 44 BH- 5) B, C light micrographs at two focal planes, apical part of valve showing internal foramina (B arrows), annulus and central costa (C arrowheads) (Jaluit: J 5) D SEM of internal aspect showing inner wall with foramina and narrow apical pseudoseptum (arrow) (GU 44 BJ- 2) E internal aspect of valve pole with inner wall missing, showing a central longitudinal costa (arrow) (Yap: Y 42 - 1) F internal view of pole of valve with valvocopula, showing double wall with one central line of foramina, transverse and longitudinal costae showing through the interior wall, and the pores of the valvocopula asymmetrically deflected around the notch (arrow) (Y 42 - 1) G broken frustule showing details of wall structure-inner and outer layers separated by costae, inner layer with foramina-in relation to valvocopula and copula (GU 44 BJ- 4) H pole of frustule showing long fimbriae at tip of copula (arrow) (GU 75 A- 4) I detail of frustule pole in girdle view, showing the three girdle bands with no pores in the external surfaces and the groove in the valvocopula apex (arrow) (GU 44 BH- 5) J details of mid portion of frustule in girdle view, showing a line of pores on the edge of the copula (arrowhead) and on the pleura, and the fimbriate inner edge of the valvocopula (arrow) (GU 52 R- 2). Abbreviations used on figures: VC = valvocopula; cop = copula; pl = pleura. Scale bars: 100 µm (A); 10 µm (B-C, I); 5 µm (D-H, J)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.208.89913.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/746717" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">1F</figureCitation>
|
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), corresponding to location of the notch on advalvar side, which however, is nearly central (Fig.
|
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Micrographs of Ardissonea formosa A whole frustule, length 380 µm, girdle view in SEM, showing isopolarity (Guam: GU 44 BH- 5) B, C light micrographs at two focal planes, apical part of valve showing internal foramina (B arrows), annulus and central costa (C arrowheads) (Jaluit: J 5) D SEM of internal aspect showing inner wall with foramina and narrow apical pseudoseptum (arrow) (GU 44 BJ- 2) E internal aspect of valve pole with inner wall missing, showing a central longitudinal costa (arrow) (Yap: Y 42 - 1) F internal view of pole of valve with valvocopula, showing double wall with one central line of foramina, transverse and longitudinal costae showing through the interior wall, and the pores of the valvocopula asymmetrically deflected around the notch (arrow) (Y 42 - 1) G broken frustule showing details of wall structure-inner and outer layers separated by costae, inner layer with foramina-in relation to valvocopula and copula (GU 44 BJ- 4) H pole of frustule showing long fimbriae at tip of copula (arrow) (GU 75 A- 4) I detail of frustule pole in girdle view, showing the three girdle bands with no pores in the external surfaces and the groove in the valvocopula apex (arrow) (GU 44 BH- 5) J details of mid portion of frustule in girdle view, showing a line of pores on the edge of the copula (arrowhead) and on the pleura, and the fimbriate inner edge of the valvocopula (arrow) (GU 52 R- 2). Abbreviations used on figures: VC = valvocopula; cop = copula; pl = pleura. Scale bars: 100 µm (A); 10 µm (B-C, I); 5 µm (D-H, J)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.208.89913.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/746717" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">1I</figureCitation>
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). Interior edge of valvocopula with short fimbriae (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Micrographs of Ardissonea formosa A whole frustule, length 380 µm, girdle view in SEM, showing isopolarity (Guam: GU 44 BH- 5) B, C light micrographs at two focal planes, apical part of valve showing internal foramina (B arrows), annulus and central costa (C arrowheads) (Jaluit: J 5) D SEM of internal aspect showing inner wall with foramina and narrow apical pseudoseptum (arrow) (GU 44 BJ- 2) E internal aspect of valve pole with inner wall missing, showing a central longitudinal costa (arrow) (Yap: Y 42 - 1) F internal view of pole of valve with valvocopula, showing double wall with one central line of foramina, transverse and longitudinal costae showing through the interior wall, and the pores of the valvocopula asymmetrically deflected around the notch (arrow) (Y 42 - 1) G broken frustule showing details of wall structure-inner and outer layers separated by costae, inner layer with foramina-in relation to valvocopula and copula (GU 44 BJ- 4) H pole of frustule showing long fimbriae at tip of copula (arrow) (GU 75 A- 4) I detail of frustule pole in girdle view, showing the three girdle bands with no pores in the external surfaces and the groove in the valvocopula apex (arrow) (GU 44 BH- 5) J details of mid portion of frustule in girdle view, showing a line of pores on the edge of the copula (arrowhead) and on the pleura, and the fimbriate inner edge of the valvocopula (arrow) (GU 52 R- 2). Abbreviations used on figures: VC = valvocopula; cop = copula; pl = pleura. Scale bars: 100 µm (A); 10 µm (B-C, I); 5 µm (D-H, J)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.208.89913.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/746717" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">1G, J</figureCitation>
|
||
). Copula with long fringe of fimbriae at pole, overlapping the valvocopula (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Micrographs of Ardissonea formosa A whole frustule, length 380 µm, girdle view in SEM, showing isopolarity (Guam: GU 44 BH- 5) B, C light micrographs at two focal planes, apical part of valve showing internal foramina (B arrows), annulus and central costa (C arrowheads) (Jaluit: J 5) D SEM of internal aspect showing inner wall with foramina and narrow apical pseudoseptum (arrow) (GU 44 BJ- 2) E internal aspect of valve pole with inner wall missing, showing a central longitudinal costa (arrow) (Yap: Y 42 - 1) F internal view of pole of valve with valvocopula, showing double wall with one central line of foramina, transverse and longitudinal costae showing through the interior wall, and the pores of the valvocopula asymmetrically deflected around the notch (arrow) (Y 42 - 1) G broken frustule showing details of wall structure-inner and outer layers separated by costae, inner layer with foramina-in relation to valvocopula and copula (GU 44 BJ- 4) H pole of frustule showing long fimbriae at tip of copula (arrow) (GU 75 A- 4) I detail of frustule pole in girdle view, showing the three girdle bands with no pores in the external surfaces and the groove in the valvocopula apex (arrow) (GU 44 BH- 5) J details of mid portion of frustule in girdle view, showing a line of pores on the edge of the copula (arrowhead) and on the pleura, and the fimbriate inner edge of the valvocopula (arrow) (GU 52 R- 2). Abbreviations used on figures: VC = valvocopula; cop = copula; pl = pleura. Scale bars: 100 µm (A); 10 µm (B-C, I); 5 µm (D-H, J)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.208.89913.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/746717" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">1H</figureCitation>
|
||
), as described by
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1080/0269249X.1995.9705336" author="Sullivan, MJ" journalOrPublisher="Diatom Research" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" pagination="179 - 190" refId="B75" refString="Sullivan, MJ, Wear, DJ, 1995. A morphological study of the giant diatoms Ardissonea formosa and Synedra bacillaris. Diatom Research 10 (1): 179 - 190, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/0269249X.1995.9705336" title="A morphological study of the giant diatoms Ardissonea formosa and Synedra bacillaris." url="https://doi.org/10.1080/0269249X.1995.9705336" volume="10" year="1995">Sullivan and Wear (1995)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; an irregular line of pores along abvalvar margin of copula in some specimens (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Micrographs of Ardissonea formosa A whole frustule, length 380 µm, girdle view in SEM, showing isopolarity (Guam: GU 44 BH- 5) B, C light micrographs at two focal planes, apical part of valve showing internal foramina (B arrows), annulus and central costa (C arrowheads) (Jaluit: J 5) D SEM of internal aspect showing inner wall with foramina and narrow apical pseudoseptum (arrow) (GU 44 BJ- 2) E internal aspect of valve pole with inner wall missing, showing a central longitudinal costa (arrow) (Yap: Y 42 - 1) F internal view of pole of valve with valvocopula, showing double wall with one central line of foramina, transverse and longitudinal costae showing through the interior wall, and the pores of the valvocopula asymmetrically deflected around the notch (arrow) (Y 42 - 1) G broken frustule showing details of wall structure-inner and outer layers separated by costae, inner layer with foramina-in relation to valvocopula and copula (GU 44 BJ- 4) H pole of frustule showing long fimbriae at tip of copula (arrow) (GU 75 A- 4) I detail of frustule pole in girdle view, showing the three girdle bands with no pores in the external surfaces and the groove in the valvocopula apex (arrow) (GU 44 BH- 5) J details of mid portion of frustule in girdle view, showing a line of pores on the edge of the copula (arrowhead) and on the pleura, and the fimbriate inner edge of the valvocopula (arrow) (GU 52 R- 2). Abbreviations used on figures: VC = valvocopula; cop = copula; pl = pleura. Scale bars: 100 µm (A); 10 µm (B-C, I); 5 µm (D-H, J)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.208.89913.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/746717" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">1J</figureCitation>
|
||
, arrowhead). Narrow pleura (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Micrographs of Ardissonea formosa A whole frustule, length 380 µm, girdle view in SEM, showing isopolarity (Guam: GU 44 BH- 5) B, C light micrographs at two focal planes, apical part of valve showing internal foramina (B arrows), annulus and central costa (C arrowheads) (Jaluit: J 5) D SEM of internal aspect showing inner wall with foramina and narrow apical pseudoseptum (arrow) (GU 44 BJ- 2) E internal aspect of valve pole with inner wall missing, showing a central longitudinal costa (arrow) (Yap: Y 42 - 1) F internal view of pole of valve with valvocopula, showing double wall with one central line of foramina, transverse and longitudinal costae showing through the interior wall, and the pores of the valvocopula asymmetrically deflected around the notch (arrow) (Y 42 - 1) G broken frustule showing details of wall structure-inner and outer layers separated by costae, inner layer with foramina-in relation to valvocopula and copula (GU 44 BJ- 4) H pole of frustule showing long fimbriae at tip of copula (arrow) (GU 75 A- 4) I detail of frustule pole in girdle view, showing the three girdle bands with no pores in the external surfaces and the groove in the valvocopula apex (arrow) (GU 44 BH- 5) J details of mid portion of frustule in girdle view, showing a line of pores on the edge of the copula (arrowhead) and on the pleura, and the fimbriate inner edge of the valvocopula (arrow) (GU 52 R- 2). Abbreviations used on figures: VC = valvocopula; cop = copula; pl = pleura. Scale bars: 100 µm (A); 10 µm (B-C, I); 5 µm (D-H, J)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.208.89913.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/746717" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">1I, J</figureCitation>
|
||
) with a row of small pores on pars interior.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/phytokeys.208.89913.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/746717" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" start="Figure 1" startId="F1">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="103">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Figure 1.</emphasis>
|
||
Micrographs of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="De Toni" authorityYear="1892" baseAuthorityName="Hantzsch" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Ardissoneaceae" genus="Ardissonea" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Ardissonea formosa" order="Ardissoneales" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" rank="species" species="formosa">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Ardissonea formosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">A</emphasis>
|
||
whole frustule, length 380
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
, girdle view in SEM, showing isopolarity (Guam: GU44BH-5)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">B, C</emphasis>
|
||
light micrographs at two focal planes, apical part of valve showing internal foramina (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">B</emphasis>
|
||
arrows), annulus and central costa (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">C</emphasis>
|
||
arrowheads) (Jaluit: J5)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">D</emphasis>
|
||
SEM of internal aspect showing inner wall with foramina and narrow apical pseudoseptum (arrow) (GU44BJ-2)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">E</emphasis>
|
||
internal aspect of valve pole with inner wall missing, showing a central longitudinal costa (arrow) (Yap: Y42-1)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">F</emphasis>
|
||
internal view of pole of valve with valvocopula, showing double wall with one central line of foramina, transverse and longitudinal costae showing through the interior wall, and the pores of the valvocopula asymmetrically deflected around the notch (arrow) (Y42-1)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">G</emphasis>
|
||
broken frustule showing details of wall structure-inner and outer layers separated by costae, inner layer with foramina-in relation to valvocopula and copula (GU44BJ-4)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">H</emphasis>
|
||
pole of frustule showing long fimbriae at tip of copula (arrow) (GU75A-4)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">I</emphasis>
|
||
detail of frustule pole in girdle view, showing the three girdle bands with no pores in the external surfaces and the groove in the valvocopula apex (arrow) (GU44BH-5)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">J</emphasis>
|
||
details of mid portion of frustule in girdle view, showing a line of pores on the edge of the copula (arrowhead) and on the pleura, and the fimbriate inner edge of the valvocopula (arrow) (GU52R-2). Abbreviations used on figures: VC = valvocopula; cop = copula; pl = pleura. Scale bars: 100
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">A</emphasis>
|
||
); 10
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">B-C, I</emphasis>
|
||
); 5
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">D-H, J</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="103" type="taxonomic comments">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Taxonomic comments.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="103">
|
||
The biseriate striae described by
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Hustedt, F" journalOrPublisher="Hidrobiologica" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" refId="B25" refString="Hustedt, F, 1931-1959. Die Kieselalgen Deutschlands, Oesterreichs und der Schweiz. In: Rabenhorst's Kryptogamenflora, Band 7, Teil 2. Johnson Reprint, New York." title="Die Kieselalgen Deutschlands, Oesterreichs und der Schweiz. In: Rabenhorst's Kryptogamenflora, Band 7, Teil 2. Johnson Reprint, New York." year="1931 - 1959">Hustedt (1931-1959)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and the uniseriate striae in
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1080/0269249X.1995.9705336" author="Sullivan, MJ" journalOrPublisher="Diatom Research" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" pagination="179 - 190" refId="B75" refString="Sullivan, MJ, Wear, DJ, 1995. A morphological study of the giant diatoms Ardissonea formosa and Synedra bacillaris. Diatom Research 10 (1): 179 - 190, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/0269249X.1995.9705336" title="A morphological study of the giant diatoms Ardissonea formosa and Synedra bacillaris." url="https://doi.org/10.1080/0269249X.1995.9705336" volume="10" year="1995">
|
||
Sullivan and
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Wear’s">Wear's</normalizedToken>
|
||
(1995)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
materials suggest that they were observing different species.
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1080/0269249X.1995.9705336" author="Sullivan, MJ" journalOrPublisher="Diatom Research" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" pagination="179 - 190" refId="B75" refString="Sullivan, MJ, Wear, DJ, 1995. A morphological study of the giant diatoms Ardissonea formosa and Synedra bacillaris. Diatom Research 10 (1): 179 - 190, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/0269249X.1995.9705336" title="A morphological study of the giant diatoms Ardissonea formosa and Synedra bacillaris." url="https://doi.org/10.1080/0269249X.1995.9705336" volume="10" year="1995">Sullivan and Wear (1995)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
observed only two bands on the epicingulum and none on the hypocingulum but we observed the pleura.
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Ardissoneaceae" genus="Ardissonea" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Ardissonea" order="Ardissoneales" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Ardissonea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">s.s.</emphasis>
|
||
superficially resembles
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Lobban & Ashworth & Camacho & Lam & Theriot" authorityYear="2022" baseAuthorityName="Lobban & Ashworth & Camacho & Lam & Theriot" baseAuthorityYear="2022" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Ardissoneaceae" genus="Synedra" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Synedra" order="Ardissoneales" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Synedra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the current restricted sense (=
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Fragilariaceae" genus="Catacombas" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" lsidName="Catacombas" order="Fragilariales" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" phylum="Bacillariophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Catacombas</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) in shape and double wall but differs in lacking rimoportulae and polar pore fields.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |