180 lines
18 KiB
XML
180 lines
18 KiB
XML
<document ID-CLB-Dataset="23559" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.142.48365" ID-GBIF-Dataset="447d0c45-35c7-4aaa-b3b3-acbf7069da06" ID-PMC="PMC7082394" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-142-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="7B3A5CC9B82952B6B3E20C46E12DB4F1" ID-PubMed="32210671" ModsDocID="1314-2003-142-1" checkinTime="1584104974826" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Klopper, Ronell R., Crouch, Neil R., Smith, Gideon F. & van Wyk, Abraham E." docDate="2020" docId="6ACAA10414D752378A3538C8CFB203CF" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 142: 1-88" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 142" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.142.48365" docTitle="Aloe maculata subsp. maculata" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" id="7B3A5CC9B82952B6B3E20C46E12DB4F1" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="7B3A5CC9B82952B6B3E20C46E12DB4F1" masterDocTitle="A synoptic review of the aloes (Asphodelaceae, Alooideae) of KwaZulu-Natal, an ecologically diverse province in eastern South Africa" masterLastPageNumber="88" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1732650654357" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo id="A82C5EBA2D27F9858687F145A5CA1F0C">
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<mods:title id="E1995BCF224DAB074F43FD1593BBEDA1">A synoptic review of the aloes (Asphodelaceae, Alooideae) of KwaZulu-Natal, an ecologically diverse province in eastern South Africa</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="DE755BDAA3E9C0A3F6D93268F1371D50">Klopper, Ronell R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="C7C498E0AE3A3B024D3860BC8EF1B1C5">Crouch, Neil R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="826E0E5F503CCD3E5DB08F4EC10D4B8B">Smith, Gideon F.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="EB9A82E03553A3AF24FD08A45EB155E5" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="5A42B5E2C5C3431D29464947083F48E9">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="4AA28D29D2E674A83435E52E07C5667B">van Wyk, Abraham E.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="C5B46D94BC5C3ABBACA0CBB69C25D183">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="342F923175BADA06A23A2FC903C7FBC0">
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<mods:title id="75DAEED80CB1068C84F961D5D18CC1A7">PhytoKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="97C3841A3714C9F61ADFF1A4CCF956EB">
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<mods:date id="DF21ED160E09A27C4E3E7ABEECB4472D">2020</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="0893FDDE9085375C916076EEC2C56DC4" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="B9C8EA3D4224C6F1290446B29A436035">142</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:start id="37276C9C51DE468E05B2B22BA14EF7A5">1</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="C8580197575109BB8EBC1610707B99F9">88</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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<mods:location id="785D08D4135C885BEFD3B1C0E75AA342">
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<mods:url id="FA441845F1E751DC1EC94F56B699F824">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.142.48365</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification id="93FB824C5529993AB65046AE695396D6">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="55E59B75729134F9CEBD822C28E5C230" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.142.48365</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="90B93D34F696D48F45EEE917A0FCFCC7" type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-142-1</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="6ACAA10414D752378A3538C8CFB203CF" ID-GBIF-Taxon="162487027" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6ACAA10414D752378A3538C8CFB203CF" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/6ACAA10414D752378A3538C8CFB203CF" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" scope_family="Asphodelaceae">
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<subSubSection id="A464A93ECBB9030475460F1AC2A3CFB4" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="1187839451F504FB28A6D44C10406397" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName id="EB661FA6353721CBAABFA65B15EC399F" ID-CoL="5FHYP" LSID="6ACAA104-14D7-5237-8A35-38C8CFB203CF" authority="All. subsp. maculata" class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Aloe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Aloe maculata subsp. maculata" order="Asparagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="maculata" subSpecies="maculata">Aloe maculata All. subsp. maculata</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="D3E70A67ADB78E3D62E961CA9FA539B2" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="common names">
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<paragraph id="349CBE117B6B451924C8E232AD122506" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Common names.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="38FC9D3A7C1F376D080AC1A1F2E15E47" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Common soap aloe (English); bontaalwyn (Afrikaans); amahlala, icena (isiZulu).</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="06C36D709D13CA18F8FEED7102E6628A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
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<paragraph id="F6B3009BDEAAB52F52C0CC729054C6C2" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="6A3E9FFEBB3E455ACA1EB6ED03B010D0" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Acaulescent plants or with
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<emphasis id="E394A23CCB9AB5FA90C13D1C9C839FC4" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">stem</emphasis>
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up to 0.5 m; rosettes solitary or suckering to form dense groups.
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<emphasis id="7D8C086516BB3A6C5CB13C09DF573BF5" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Leaves</emphasis>
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densely rosulate, erectly spreading to slightly recurved, upper surface pale to darker green, with numerous, dull, white spots in irregular broken, wavy, transverse bands, lower surface paler green, obscurely lineate and usually without spots, ovate-lanceolate, up to 25-30 cm long, 8-12 cm wide, with dried twisted apex; margin with pungent, horny, brown teeth, 3-5 mm long,
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<normalizedToken id="C094EE3CD422A4D979F6D064B993B2A1" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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10 mm apart; exudate clear.
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<emphasis id="BDA5AF62A222E584378D6EF6F47BAE62" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Inflorescence</emphasis>
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0.4-1.0 m high, erect, branched.
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<emphasis id="92EA694F84B80948977BDC5A89B8F48D" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Racemes</emphasis>
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capitate-corymbose, 10-12 cm long, dense.
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<emphasis id="15697D301F8274E68D04AF61345C052E" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Floral bracts</emphasis>
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<normalizedToken id="538424BEC46A038F32A487D5EFD6B804" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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12-23 mm long, 3-5 mm wide.
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<emphasis id="C258025E5AB0494A5FA62972A6A158B0" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pedicels</emphasis>
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35-45 mm long.
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<emphasis id="5269354D836F5922C2DA4E534E17C05B" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Flowers</emphasis>
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:
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<emphasis id="FB33C2A38381D95B846B17DAA414A135" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">perianth</emphasis>
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usually salmon pink to orange, sometimes yellow or red, 35-50 mm long, up to 10 mm across ovary, abruptly constricted above ovary to form sub-globose basal swelling, enlarging towards wide open mouth, cylindrical, slightly decurved; outer segments free for 10-15 mm;
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<emphasis id="1537C0178916153F9A061DC896612088" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">stamens</emphasis>
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exserted 1-3 mm;
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<emphasis id="2CC8459E6B956710D5433E39B929E795" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">style</emphasis>
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exserted to 5 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="DD001F0C6880F3DBC9F06A8BA5511779" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="flowering time">
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<paragraph id="1C6E76DA896BA7EE8D91E1D4C497486D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Flowering time.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="90C13A56B1067AB2B8FA5EB835942C95" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">June-September in the north, December-January in the south.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="AD7CC85F82AF0A0A0D55A3B7C0CFA544" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="habitat">
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<paragraph id="DAFC4BD3D8B764F04BE87EB18225B304" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Habitat.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="89566C062DA5682B9A52F9935DEBA7EA" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Variety of grasslands, scrub, thicket and on rocky outcrops.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="40BF2ED6D503C3569F0E736B157EAB01" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
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<paragraph id="7796013A2091978F5C65CA5DD338EAD8" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnostic characters.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="343CDC6F96EAA493B23A943051FBD478" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4750670430E92417593CA07558BA434D" authority="subsp. maculata" class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Aloe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Aloe maculata subsp. maculata" order="Asparagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="maculata" subSpecies="maculata">Aloe maculata subsp. maculata</taxonomicName>
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can be distinguished from other maculate aloes in KwaZulu-Natal (
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<taxonomicName id="2D45F4C8090A9C0B6181CB6D61F68B5C" authorityName="Reynolds" authorityYear="1937" class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Aloe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Aloe dewetii" order="Asparagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dewetii">
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<emphasis id="F84A662DD4CEFF31FCDC459A330398F2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Aloe dewetii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="F2C991F33383D7CB57FD202A402368F2" authorityName="Reynolds" authorityYear="1937" class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Aloe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Aloe mudenensis" order="Asparagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="mudenensis">
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<emphasis id="8E57D16C86A3F2B74B35446272B32609" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Aloe mudenensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4715375D7BAD7A008C20D72C9229174E" authorityName="Schoenland" authorityYear="2020" class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Aloe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Aloe parvibracteata" order="Asparagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="parvibracteata">
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<emphasis id="EADB726C073395DC4F2F7B7D642595BC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Aloe parvibracteata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="15942B70EF01C8EE3E4E24913BDEF261" authorityName="I. Verd. & D. S. Hardy" authorityYear="1965" class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Aloe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Aloe prinslooi" order="Asparagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="prinslooi">
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<emphasis id="D583D2D0FA602DF0C32E4B467B72E596" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Aloe prinslooi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="985585A0CD80CC00487C68C33436E7E1" authorityName="Reynolds" authorityYear="1936" class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Aloe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Aloe pruinosa" order="Asparagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pruinosa">
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<emphasis id="0EF971897F7B2F48C372F73C836C2321" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Aloe pruinosa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="A04F3E89C0C6EA6E6891E830DB741691" authorityName="Reynolds" authorityYear="1937" class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Aloe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Aloe suffulta" order="Asparagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="suffulta">
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<emphasis id="1AE791B1201198A2F63F487D6790D3E6" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Aloe suffulta</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="26A15509041F26EC63C6E802525DDA8F" authorityName="Reynolds" authorityYear="1937" class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Aloe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Aloe umfoloziensis" order="Asparagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="umfoloziensis">
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<emphasis id="32F67E658FC24B966CF9F53CDEF62A81" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Aloe umfoloziensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="A6D68856FD95784F8307AFDF526AC699" authorityName="Gideon F. Sm. & N. R. Crouch" authorityYear="2006" class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Aloe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Aloe vanrooyenii" order="Asparagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vanrooyenii">
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<emphasis id="E2D0C39CBD11E1FABE4A4D41784A88A1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Aloe vanrooyenii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="C2252720C802BF3BE85BF09C06FA0A5C" authorityName="Gideon F. Sm. & Figueiredo" authorityYear="2018" class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Aloe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Aloe viridiana" order="Asparagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="viridiana">
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<emphasis id="CD26DC08B334804FD942AB5E86B4CE1C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Aloe viridiana</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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) by its branched inflorescence (0.4-1.0 m high) with flat-topped, capitate, dense racemes (up to 10-12
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<normalizedToken id="116F46D2A8B0299815FC01E4B2E6B599" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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12-16 cm) and pedicels of 35-45 mm long. Flowers are usually salmon pink to orange, sometimes yellow or red, 35-50 mm long, with a sub-globose basal swelling (up to 10 mm diameter). Leaves are spreading to slightly recurved, up to 25-30
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<normalizedToken id="03FA46D4F5861E65800507DA312816AC" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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8-12 cm and spotted on the upper surface, with the paler lower surface obscurely lineate and usually without spots. Marginal teeth are 3-5 mm long.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="19AED3E7CCEA252E117A2BEB6FD4F4EF" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="conservation status">
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<paragraph id="ABB473A12E26D8CA3D400FFD6783C5B7" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Conservation status.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A610926C890E30CFA5D3846BC8556AF7" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Least Concern (
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<bibRefCitation id="D103B7E2DD27B1E2BEDA280CDD05D5EA" author="Raimondo, D" journalOrPublisher="South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B37" refString="Raimondo, D, Von Staden, L, Foden, W, Victor, JE, Helme, NA, Turner, RC, Kamundi, DA, Manyama, PA, 2009. Red List of South African Plants. Strelitzia 25. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria." title="Red List of South African Plants. Strelitzia 25. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria." year="2009">Raimondo et al. 2009</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="0C2760E5B84AF5ABE4352841DAAC7A51" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="DDDA1CC096B54E373A10D96B92C6C90F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="70EC29BCADF345929C1D0ED4502FFB20" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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This subspecies is one of the most widely distributed of the spotted aloes. It occurs from the Cape Peninsula through the Western and Eastern Cape, into the eastern Free State, through KwaZulu-Natal to Mpumalanga, South Africa; also in Lesotho and Eswatini (Fig.
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<figureCitation id="B8FCEC83E3E9F58A1AB0A9192383BD55" captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="F21" captionText="Figure 21. Aloe maculata subsp. maculata. Photo: N. R. Crouch." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.142.48365.figure21" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/388247" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">21</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="4459EEF1CB9806C3F684F7313F9714B6" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="notes">
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<paragraph id="98614C25616C2189866013AEAAFF4290" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Notes.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="D3A190EDE91EBE07F3F05CD377CB8671" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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One other subspecies is recognised, namely
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<taxonomicName id="B73020EDBF8E8CCA477E838DE6F85B9F" lsidName="A. maculata subsp. ficksburgensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="subSpecies" species="maculata" subSpecies="ficksburgensis">A. maculata subsp. ficksburgensis</taxonomicName>
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(Reynolds) Gideon F.Sm. & Figueiredo, which is only known from the eastern Free State, South Africa and western Lesotho.
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="F584B1CEBED1DCEC095CA41BECD7B070" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.142.48365.figure21" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/388247" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 21" startId="F21">
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<paragraph id="F04D4D633FC811C7B8E9C166F66EDFDC" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis id="A234AEB41FD2881CE07F5F90ADAB2C21" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 21.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AC4B9FB9657DEAFF64FD7A56712F1596" authority="subsp. maculata" class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Aloe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Aloe maculata subsp. maculata" order="Asparagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="maculata" subSpecies="maculata">Aloe maculata subsp. maculata</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Photo: N.R. Crouch.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |