222 lines
18 KiB
XML
222 lines
18 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.167.1833" ID-GBIF-Dataset="ff2e62f9-b478-406a-9812-d87c5b0f1275" ID-PMC="PMC3272638" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-167-1" ID-PubMed="22363201" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2012" ModsDocID="1313-2970-167-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 167" ModsDocTitle="Systematics, conservation and morphology of the spider genus Tayshaneta (Araneae, Leptonetidae) in Central Texas Caves" checkinTime="1451249361926" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Ledford, Joel, Paquin, Pierre, Cokendolpher, James, Campbell, Josh & Griswold, Charles" docDate="2012" docId="D4F1C5392CD606D47570EA918FC58310" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 167: 1-102" docOrigin="ZooKeys 167" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.167.1833" docTitle="Tayshaneta concinna Gertsch 1974" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="23" masterDocId="FFABFF9EDA67666EBE2E632CFFF08176" masterDocTitle="Systematics, conservation and morphology of the spider genus Tayshaneta (Araneae, Leptonetidae) in Central Texas Caves" masterLastPageNumber="102" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="22" updateTime="1668153202787" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Systematics, conservation and morphology of the spider genus Tayshaneta (Araneae, Leptonetidae) in Central Texas Caves</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Ledford, Joel</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Paquin, Pierre</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Cokendolpher, James</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Campbell, Josh</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Griswold, Charles</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2012</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>167</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>102</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.167.1833</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.167.1833</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-167-1</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152033160" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D4F1C5392CD606D47570EA918FC58310" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D4F1C5392CD606D47570EA918FC58310" lastPageId="22" lastPageNumber="23" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
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<subSubSection pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Tayshaneta_concinna" authority="Gertsch, 1974" authorityName="Gertsch" authorityYear="1974" class="Arachnida" family="Leptonetidae" genus="Tayshaneta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tayshaneta concinna" order="Araneae" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="concinna">Tayshaneta concinna (Gertsch, 1974)</taxonomicName>
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Figs 16
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<normalizedToken originalValue="A–C37A–F">A-C37A-F</normalizedToken>
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53F56
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Leptonetidae" genus="Leptoneta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leptoneta concinna" order="Araneae" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="concinna">Leptoneta concinna</taxonomicName>
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<bibRefCitation author="Gertsch, WJ" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Arachnology" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" pagination="145 - 203" title="The spider family Leptonetidae in North America." volume="1" year="1974">Gertsch 1974</bibRefCitation>
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: 169.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Leptonetidae" genus="Neoleptoneta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neoleptoneta concinna" order="Araneae" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="concinna">Neoleptoneta concinna</taxonomicName>
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(Gertsch, 1974):
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<bibRefCitation author="Brignoli, PM" journalOrPublisher="Quaderna Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" pagination="213 - 218" title="Spiders of Mexico, III. A new leptonetid from Oaxaca (Araneae, Leptonetidae)." volume="171" year="1977">Brignoli 1977</bibRefCitation>
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: 216;
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<bibRefCitation author="Platnick, NI" journalOrPublisher="American Museum Novitates" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" pagination="1 - 16" title="On the tibial and patellar glands, relationships and American genera of the spider family Leptonetidae (Arachnida, Araneae)." volume="2855" year="1986">Platnick 1986</bibRefCitation>
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: 7;
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<bibRefCitation author="Cokendolpher, JC" journalOrPublisher="Texas Memorial Museum Speleological Monographs" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" pagination="35 - 55" title="Cave spiders (Araneae) of Fort Hood, Texas, with descriptions of new species of Cicurina (Dictynidae) and Neoleptoneta (Leptonetidae)." volume="5" year="2001">Cokendolpher and Reddell 2001</bibRefCitation>
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: 46.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Leptonetidae" genus="Tayshaneta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tayshaneta concinna" order="Araneae" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="concinna">Tayshaneta concinna</taxonomicName>
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(Gertsch, 1974):
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<bibRefCitation author="Ledford, JM" journalOrPublisher="Invertebrate Systematics" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" pagination="334 - 388" title="Systematics and evolution of the spider genus Neoleptoneta (Araneae: Leptonetidae) with a discussion of the morphology and relationships for the North American Leptonetidae." url="doi: 10.1071/IS11014" volume="25" year="2011">Ledford et al. 2011</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="type data">
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<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Type data.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
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Male holotype from Lost Gold Cave, 13 miles SW of Austin, Travis County, Texas, 27-May-1963, J. Reddell and B. Frank,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="30.26">30.26N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="-97.81">97.81W</geoCoordinate>
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, (AMNH, examined).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="22" lastPageNumber="23" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="notes">
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<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Notes.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="22" lastPageNumber="23" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
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<bibRefCitation author="Gertsch, WJ" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Arachnology" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" pagination="145 - 203" title="The spider family Leptonetidae in North America." volume="1" year="1974">Gertsch (1974)</bibRefCitation>
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included a single female specimen from
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Stark’s">Stark's</normalizedToken>
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North Mine in Travis County as conspecific with
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Leptonetidae" genus="Tayshaneta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tayshaneta concinna" order="Araneae" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="concinna">Tayshaneta concinna</taxonomicName>
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although it is unclear which characters he based this decision upon.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Stark’s">Stark's</normalizedToken>
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North Mine is a unique feature in the Austin chalk formation and appears to be largely artificial, probably carved out by local residents. Recent inventories at the site have recovered additional
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Leptonetidae" genus="Tayshaneta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tayshaneta" order="Araneae" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Tayshaneta</taxonomicName>
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<pageBreakToken pageId="22" pageNumber="23" start="start">specimens</pageBreakToken>
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, including adult males, which share the genitalic morphology of
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Leptonetidae" genus="Tayshaneta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tayshaneta concinna" order="Araneae" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="concinna">Tayshaneta concinna</taxonomicName>
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and are recovered as part of the concinna clade (Clade A, Fig. 4). Given the highly disturbed nature of the habitat, it is likely that
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Leptonetidae" genus="Tayshaneta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tayshaneta concinna" order="Araneae" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="concinna">Tayshaneta concinna</taxonomicName>
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also occurs on the surface. Although adult males are not available from the populations in Seibert Sink (Travis County) or County Line Bat Cave (Williamson County), molecular analyses support them as close relatives of
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Leptonetidae" genus="Tayshaneta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tayshaneta concinna" order="Araneae" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="concinna">Tayshaneta concinna</taxonomicName>
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and they are tentatively assigned to the species pending the discovery of males.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="other material examined">
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<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Other material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
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USA: Texas: Travis County: Lost Gold Cave, 5mi. W. of Austin, 3-March-1985, J. Reddell, M. Reyes,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="30.26">30.26N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="-97.81">97.81W</geoCoordinate>
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, 1 ♀, (AMNH); Lost Gold Cave, 5mi. W. of Austin, 24-November-2004, P. Paquin,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="30.26">30.26N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="-97.81">97.81W</geoCoordinate>
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, 2 ♂, 2 ♀, (CASC); Seibert Sink (=Stinkin Sink), 1-January-1998, M. Sanders,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="30.25">30.25N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="-97.82">97.82W</geoCoordinate>
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, 1 ♀, (TMM); Seibert Sink (=Stinkin Sink), 5-January-1998, M. Sanders,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="30.25">30.25N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="-97.82">97.82W</geoCoordinate>
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, 2 ♀, (TMM, TTU);
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Stark’s">Stark's</normalizedToken>
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North Mine, 9mi. NNE of Austin, 20-August-1963, W. Russell,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="30.38">30.38N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="-97.67">97.67W</geoCoordinate>
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, 1 ♀, (AMNH);
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Stark’s">Stark's</normalizedToken>
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North Mine, 9mi. NNE of Austin, 18-September-2000, J. Jenkins,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="30.38">30.38N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="-97.67">97.67W</geoCoordinate>
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, 1 ♀, (TMM);
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Stark’s">Stark's</normalizedToken>
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North Mine, 9mi. NNE of Austin, 21-November-2009, J. Ledford, P. Paquin,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="30.38">30.38N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="-97.67">97.67W</geoCoordinate>
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, 1 ♂, 3 ♀, 1J (CASC).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Leptonetidae" genus="Tayshaneta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tayshaneta concinna" order="Araneae" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="concinna">Tayshaneta concinna</taxonomicName>
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may be separated from all
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Leptonetidae" genus="Tayshaneta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tayshaneta" order="Araneae" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Tayshaneta</taxonomicName>
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species that have a ventral sclerite, except
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Leptonetidae" genus="Tayshaneta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tayshaneta anopica" order="Araneae" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="anopica">Tayshaneta anopica</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Leptonetidae" genus="Tayshaneta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tayshaneta oconnorae" order="Araneae" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oconnorae">Tayshaneta oconnorae</taxonomicName>
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and T. sandersi, by the following combination of characters: male palpal tarsus undivided, tapering apically; male retrolateral tibial spine stout, sculptured throughout, length 0.4
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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tarsus length (RTS, Fig. 37B); embolus curved distally and with basal tooth (E, Fig. 37D). Separated from
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Leptonetidae" genus="Tayshaneta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tayshaneta anopica" order="Araneae" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="anopica">Tayshaneta anopica</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Leptonetidae" genus="Tayshaneta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tayshaneta oconnorae" order="Araneae" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oconnorae">Tayshaneta oconnorae</taxonomicName>
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and T. sandersi by being darkly pigmented with large eyes (Fig. 16
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<normalizedToken originalValue="A–C">A-C</normalizedToken>
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) and by the unique shape of the embolus (E, Fig. 37D).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
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Complete description in
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<bibRefCitation author="Gertsch, WJ" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Arachnology" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" pagination="145 - 203" title="The spider family Leptonetidae in North America." volume="1" year="1974">Gertsch (1974</bibRefCitation>
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: 169-170). Habitus of male in Figs 16
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<normalizedToken originalValue="A–C">A-C</normalizedToken>
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, scanning electron micrographs of male palp in Figs 37
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<normalizedToken originalValue="A–F">A-F</normalizedToken>
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and female genitalia in Fig. 52F.
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
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<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
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Figure 16.
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Leptonetidae" genus="Tayshaneta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tayshaneta concinna" order="Araneae" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="concinna">Tayshaneta concinna</taxonomicName>
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(Gertsch, 1974), Lost Gold Cave, Travis County, Texas (male holotype, AMNH), habitus. A
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Leptonetidae" genus="Tayshaneta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tayshaneta concinna" order="Araneae" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="concinna">Tayshaneta concinna</taxonomicName>
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male, dorsal B
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Leptonetidae" genus="Tayshaneta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tayshaneta concinna" order="Araneae" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="concinna">Tayshaneta concinna</taxonomicName>
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male, ventral C
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Leptonetidae" genus="Tayshaneta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tayshaneta concinna" order="Araneae" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="concinna">Tayshaneta concinna</taxonomicName>
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male, lateral.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Known from three caves in Travis County, Texas (Fig. 54).</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="natural history">
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<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Natural History.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
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Individuals collected in
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Stark’s">Stark's</normalizedToken>
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North Mine were found in small sheet webs at the base of chalk walls, rotting wood and breakdown material.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |