186 lines
18 KiB
XML
186 lines
18 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.929.49987" ID-GBIF-Dataset="97c79ed9-33fd-49b8-90c5-95a159839db2" ID-PMC="PMC7192954" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-929-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="EFB92B457B1D56A1996483C5EECFAAF0" ID-PubMed="32377146" ID-ZooBank="4FCA3A27–973C49F7–8264–6A34D279EC5C" ModsDocID="1313-2970-929-1" checkinTime="1587627147117" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Gittenberger, Edmund, Leda, Pema, Wangchuk, Jigme, Gyeltshen, Choki & Bjoern Stelbrink," docDate="2020" docId="636A6BE75F255DBF8BD0CC9B5C347E4A" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 929: 1-17" docOrigin="ZooKeys 929" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.929.49987" docTitle="Erhaia wangchuki Gittenberger, Sherub & Stelbrink 2017" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="EFB92B457B1D56A1996483C5EECFAAF0" lastPageNumber="6" masterDocId="EFB92B457B1D56A1996483C5EECFAAF0" masterDocTitle="The genera Erhaia and Tricula (Gastropoda, Rissooidea, Amnicolidae and Pomatiopsidae) in Bhutan and elsewhere in the eastern Himalaya" masterLastPageNumber="17" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="6" updateTime="1668168753491" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>The genera Erhaia and Tricula (Gastropoda, Rissooidea, Amnicolidae and Pomatiopsidae) in Bhutan and elsewhere in the eastern Himalaya</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Gittenberger, Edmund</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Naturalis Biodiversity Center, P. O. Box 9517, NL- 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">egittenberger@yahoo.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Leda, Pema</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>National Biodiversity Centre, Serbithang, Thimphu, Bhutan</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Wangchuk, Jigme</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Ugyen Wangchuck Institute for Conservation and Environmental Research, Bumthang, Bhutan</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3503-4369</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Gyeltshen, Choki</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>National Biodiversity Centre, Serbithang, Thimphu, Bhutan</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6790-6278</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Bjoern Stelbrink,</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Animal Ecology & Systematics, Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26 - 32 IFZ, D- 35392 Giessen, Germany & Zoological Institute, Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Basel, Vesalgasse 1, 4051 Basel, Switzerland</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2020</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>929</mods:number>
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.929.49987</mods:url>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.929.49987</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-929-1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="163735480" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:636A6BE75F255DBF8BD0CC9B5C347E4A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/636A6BE75F255DBF8BD0CC9B5C347E4A" lastPageNumber="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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<taxonomicName LSID="636A6BE7-5F25-5DBF-8BD0-CC9B5C347E4A" authority="Gittenberger, Sherub & Stelbrink, 2017" authorityName="Gittenberger, Sherub & Stelbrink" authorityYear="2017" class="Gastropoda" family="Amnicolidae" genus="Erhaia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Erhaia wangchuki" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="wangchuki">Erhaia wangchuki Gittenberger, Sherub & Stelbrink, 2017</taxonomicName>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 2–10" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 2 - 10. Erhaia jannei sp. nov., holotype (2 H 2.25 mm) and paratype (3 H 2.02 mm). Bhutan, district Thimphu, W of Geneykha, brooklet with water powered prayer wheel, 2750 m a. s. l. Photos by J. Goud Erhaia pelkiae sp. nov., holotype (4 H 1.86 mm) and paratype (5 H 1.86 mm). Bhutan, district Thimphu, W of Geneykha, brooklet with water powered prayer wheel, 2750 m a. s. l. Photos by J. Goud Erhaia wangchuki Gittenberger, Sherub & Stelbrink, 2017. Shells from the type locality (6 H 1.98 mm) (7 H 2.03 mm); NBCB 1072. Bhutan, district Wangdue Phodrang, Gangchhu, Gangzetem brooklet, 2883 m a. s. l. Photos by J. Goud 8 Erhaia banepaensis Nesemann & S. Sharma, 2007, holotype (H 1.95 mm); NHMW 103319. Nepal, Central Zone, Kavre district, small forest stream, left tributary of the Chandeswari Khola upstream from Chandeshwari at Banepa. NHMW 9 Erhaia nainitalensis Davis & Rao, 1997, holotype of E. chandeshwariensis Nesemann & S. Sharma, 2007 (H 1.94 mm); NHMW 103315. Nepal, Central Zone, Kavre district, small forest stream, left tributary of the Chandeswari Khola upstream from Chandeshwari at Banepa. NHMW 10 Erhaia sugurensis Nesemann, Shah & Tachamo, 2007, holotype (H 1.95 mm); NHMW 104172. Nepal, Central Zone, Lalitpur district, Godawari, upper reaches of Sugure Khola forest stream, 1700 m a. s. l. NHMW." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/402717" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Figs 6</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 2–10" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 2 - 10. Erhaia jannei sp. nov., holotype (2 H 2.25 mm) and paratype (3 H 2.02 mm). Bhutan, district Thimphu, W of Geneykha, brooklet with water powered prayer wheel, 2750 m a. s. l. Photos by J. Goud Erhaia pelkiae sp. nov., holotype (4 H 1.86 mm) and paratype (5 H 1.86 mm). Bhutan, district Thimphu, W of Geneykha, brooklet with water powered prayer wheel, 2750 m a. s. l. Photos by J. Goud Erhaia wangchuki Gittenberger, Sherub & Stelbrink, 2017. Shells from the type locality (6 H 1.98 mm) (7 H 2.03 mm); NBCB 1072. Bhutan, district Wangdue Phodrang, Gangchhu, Gangzetem brooklet, 2883 m a. s. l. Photos by J. Goud 8 Erhaia banepaensis Nesemann & S. Sharma, 2007, holotype (H 1.95 mm); NHMW 103319. Nepal, Central Zone, Kavre district, small forest stream, left tributary of the Chandeswari Khola upstream from Chandeshwari at Banepa. NHMW 9 Erhaia nainitalensis Davis & Rao, 1997, holotype of E. chandeshwariensis Nesemann & S. Sharma, 2007 (H 1.94 mm); NHMW 103315. Nepal, Central Zone, Kavre district, small forest stream, left tributary of the Chandeswari Khola upstream from Chandeshwari at Banepa. NHMW 10 Erhaia sugurensis Nesemann, Shah & Tachamo, 2007, holotype (H 1.95 mm); NHMW 104172. Nepal, Central Zone, Lalitpur district, Godawari, upper reaches of Sugure Khola forest stream, 1700 m a. s. l. NHMW." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/402717" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">, 7</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 12. Type locality of E. wangchuki; Bhutan, district Wangdue Phodrang, Gangchhu, Gangzetem brooklet, 2883 m a. s. l. Photo by A. C. Gittenberger-de Groot." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/402719" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">, 12</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Gittenberger, Sherub & Stelbrink" authorityYear="2017" class="Gastropoda" family="Amnicolidae" genus="Erhaia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Erhaia wangchuki" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="wangchuki">Erhaia wangchuki</taxonomicName>
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Gittenberger, Sherub & Stelbrink, 2017a: 23 ("district Wangdue Phodrang, Gangchhu, 2883 m a.s.l.;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="27" direction="north" minutes="26" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="27.433332">27°26'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="90" direction="east" minutes="11" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="90.183334">90°11'E</geoCoordinate>
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").
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<bibRefCitation author="Gittenberger, E" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" refId="B8" refString="Gittenberger, E, Leda, P, Gyeltshen, C, Sherub, S, Dema, S, 2017b. A field guide to the common molluscs of Bhutan: i-v, 1-111. National Biodiversity Centre, Thimphu, Bhutan." title="A field guide to the common molluscs of Bhutan: i-v, 1 - 111. National Biodiversity Centre, Thimphu, Bhutan." year="2017 b">Gittenberger et al. 2017b</bibRefCitation>
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: 43, fig. 28.
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<bibRefCitation author="Gittenberger, E" journalOrPublisher="Biodiversity Journal" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="895 - 906" publicationUrl="http://www.biodiversityjournal.com/pdf/8(4)_895-906.pdf" refId="B9" refString="Gittenberger, E, Leda, P, Wangdi, K, Sherub, S, 2017c. Bhutan freshwater gastropods and trematodes, with a warning. Biodiversity Journal 8 (4): 895 - 906, http://www.biodiversityjournal.com/pdf/8(4)_895-906.pdf" title="Bhutan freshwater gastropods and trematodes, with a warning." url="http://www.biodiversityjournal.com/pdf/8(4)_895-906.pdf" volume="8" year="2017 c">Gittenberger et al. 2017c</bibRefCitation>
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: 900, 903, figs 9, 10.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Holotype</emphasis>
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.
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</emphasis>
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Bhutan • District Wangdue Phodrang, Gangchhu, 2883 m a.s.l.;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="27" direction="north" minutes="26" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="27.433332">27°26'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="90" direction="east" minutes="11" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="90.183334">90°11'E</geoCoordinate>
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; Jigme Wangchuk leg. 21.III.2015; shell; NBCB1013.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Paratypes</emphasis>
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.
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</emphasis>
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2 shells; same data as for holotype; NBCB1014. Additional specimens from the type locality: 23 shells and 88 specimens in ethanol 70%, 10 specimens in ethanol 97%, E. Gittenberger, Choki Gyeltshen & Pema Leda leg. 22.X.2018; NBCB 1072.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="shell">
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Shell.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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Shell conical, with 3-
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<normalizedToken originalValue="3½">31/2</normalizedToken>
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convex, broadly shouldered whorls, that are separated by a deep suture; a little higher than broad; pale yellowish grey with fine irregular growth lines and some dark brown periostracal ridges, one of which sometimes running from a slightly angled site of the apertural columellar border into the umbilicus. Peristome not reflected. Parietal, columellar and about half the adjoining basal apertural border strongly thickened by a whitish callus. Most specimens with a continuous peristome and a broad umbilical chink. Protoconch with faint spiral lirae; teleoconch without spiral sculpture.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Measurements.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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(
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">N</emphasis>
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= 124): H 1.6-2.1 mm, B 1.3-1.7 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="ecology">
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Ecology</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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(Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 12. Type locality of E. wangchuki; Bhutan, district Wangdue Phodrang, Gangchhu, Gangzetem brooklet, 2883 m a. s. l. Photo by A. C. Gittenberger-de Groot." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/402719" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">12</figureCitation>
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). See
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.679.13326" author="Gittenberger, E" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="21 - 28" refId="B7" refString="Gittenberger, E, Sherub, S, Stelbrink, B, 2017a. Erhaia Davis & Kuo (Gastropoda, Rissooidea, Amnicolidae) also in Bhutan. ZooKeys 679: 21 - 28, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.679.13326" title="Erhaia Davis & Kuo (Gastropoda, Rissooidea, Amnicolidae) also in Bhutan." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.679.13326" volume="679" year="2017 a">Gittenberger et al. (2017a)</bibRefCitation>
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for data about the Gangzetem brooklet and its surroundings. The snails are very common on the pebbles and rocks in the open area near the road, next to the water powered prayer wheel.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="dna data">
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="6">DNA data</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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(Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 18" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 18. Maximum likelihood tree reconstructed with RAxML BlackBox (Stamatakis et al. 2008; GTR + G substitution model for each partition and 100 bootstrap replicates) based on the 16 S rRNA and COI dataset of Liu et al. (2014) and Guan et al. (2008), with new data in red. Numbers on branches denote bootstrap values> 50." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/402724" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">18</figureCitation>
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). A single individual (GenBank acc. nos. KY798003 and MT237715, for 16S rRNA and COI, respectively) is genetically distinct from
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<taxonomicName lsidName="E. jannei" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rank="species" species="jannei">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">E. jannei</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(see data for that species) and showed genetic distances of 2.74% for 16S rRNA and 11.43% for COI compared to
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Davis & Kuo" authorityYear="1985" class="Gastropoda" family="Amnicolidae" genus="Erhaia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Erhaia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Erhaia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. from China, Guangxi (GenBank acc. nos. KC832722 and KC832701).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="notes">
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Notes.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Only three relatively large shells form the type series of this species. Many more specimens, none of which exceed 1.7 mm in breadth and over 2.0 mm in height, were collected recently. This necessitated some adaptations in the description of the shells. Contrary to the original description, the shell should be described as higher than broad.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="erhaia in nepal and northern india">
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Davis & Kuo" authorityYear="1985" class="Gastropoda" family="Amnicolidae" genus="Erhaia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Erhaia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Erhaia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in Nepal and northern India.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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In their monograph on the aquatic molluscs of the Ganga River system
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<bibRefCitation author="Nesemann, H" journalOrPublisher="Molecular Biology and Evolution" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" refId="B13" refString="Nesemann, H, Sharma, S, Sharma, G, Khanal, SN, Pradhan, B, Shah, DN, Tachamo, RD, 2007. Class Gastropoda. In: Nesemann H, Sharma S, Sharma G, Khanal SN, Pradhan B, Shah DN, Tachamo RD (Eds) Aquatic Invertebrates of the Ganga River System, Volume 1: Mollusca, Annelida, Crustacea (in part): 57-102." title="Class Gastropoda. In: Nesemann H, Sharma S, Sharma G, Khanal SN, Pradhan B, Shah DN, Tachamo RD (Eds) Aquatic Invertebrates of the Ganga River System, Volume 1: Mollusca, Annelida, Crustacea (in part): 57 - 102." year="2007">Nesemann et al. (2007</bibRefCitation>
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: 64-65) published short descriptions with drawings only of three
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Davis & Kuo" authorityYear="1985" class="Gastropoda" family="Amnicolidae" genus="Erhaia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Erhaia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Erhaia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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species from Nepal. We acquired photos of the holotypes of these nominal species, which are compared with the congeneric species from Bhutan and northern India.
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</paragraph>
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<caption httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/402719" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" start="Figure 12" startId="F4">
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Figure 12.</emphasis>
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Type locality of
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<taxonomicName lsidName="E. wangchuki" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rank="species" species="wangchuki">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">E. wangchuki</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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; Bhutan, district Wangdue Phodrang, Gangchhu, Gangzetem brooklet, 2883 m a.s.l. Photo by A.C. Gittenberger-de Groot.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |