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<document id="63D9B4AA74FD84805C0E30B5EE9360B4" ID-CLB-Dataset="5268" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3877.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="344cf70d-6a17-464b-9a35-40324bcef9d4" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4948375" ID-ZooBank="2695A2A6-2805-4FC6-B6B6-A8C68354B944" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1623701033711" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Glasby, Christopher J. &amp; Hutchings, Pat" docDate="2014" docId="03CD87A2FF9FFFD2FF66A6ABC56BA2B9" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03877p117.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3877 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Polycirridae Nogueira, Fitzhugh &amp; Hutchings 2013" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="14" masterDocId="FFF4FFDAFF93FFDFFFF1A35DC604A315" masterDocTitle="Revision of the taxonomy of Polycirrus Grube, 1850 (Annelida: Terebellida: Polycirridae)" masterLastPageNumber="117" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="13" updateTime="1699015485213" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="08DC1601167C15337DD0598A4FAF0450">Revision of the taxonomy of Polycirrus Grube, 1850 (Annelida: Terebellida: Polycirridae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="F7A42FBCC752400615AD24F12D57D081">Glasby, Christopher J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="480AA6BF11298FCFF9CEB5873819092B">2014</mods:date>
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<paragraph id="8BDB36B4FF9FFFD3FF66A6ABC578A505" blockId="12.[151,892,1526,1552]" box="[151,892,1526,1552]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<heading id="D09381D8FF9FFFD3FF66A6ABC578A505" bold="true" box="[151,892,1526,1552]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B910EAA6FF9FFFD3FF66A6ABC578A505" bold="true" box="[151,892,1526,1552]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
Family
<taxonomicName id="4C644D37FF9FFFD3FF07A6ABC578A505" authority="Nogueira, Fitzhugh &amp; Hutchings, 2013" authorityName="Nogueira, Fitzhugh &amp; Hutchings" authorityYear="2013" box="[246,892,1526,1552]" class="Polychaeta" family="Polycirridae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Annelida" rank="family">
Polycirridae
<bibRefCitation id="EFF54B45FF9FFFD3FE69A6ABC578A505" author="Nogueira, J. M. &amp; Fitzhugh, K. &amp; Hutchings, P." box="[408,892,1526,1552]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="186 - 238" refId="ref62805" refString="Nogueira, J. M., Fitzhugh, K. &amp; Hutchings, P. (2013) The continuing challenge of phylogenetic relationships in Terebelliformia (Annelida: Polychaeta). Invertebrate Systematics, 27, 186 - 238. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1071 / IS 12062" type="journal article" year="2013">Nogueira, Fitzhugh &amp; Hutchings, 2013</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
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<paragraph id="8BDB36B4FF9FFFD3FF66A560C7F8A546" blockId="12.[151,786,1597,1680]" box="[151,508,1597,1619]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB74119AFF9FFFD3FF66A560C7F8A546" box="[151,508,1597,1619]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<treatmentCitation id="0AC510A5FF9FFFD3FF66A560C7FCA546" author="Malmgren, A. J." box="[151,504,1597,1619]" page="390" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" year="1866">
<taxonomicName id="4C644D37FF9FFFD3FF66A560C7FCA546" authority="Malmgren, 1866: 390" authorityName="Malmgren" authorityPageNumber="390" authorityYear="1866" box="[151,504,1597,1619]" class="Polychaeta" family="Terebellidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Annelida" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Polycirrinae">
Polycirrinae
<bibRefCitation id="EFF54B45FF9FFFD3FEE8A560C7FCA546" author="Malmgren, A. J." box="[281,504,1597,1619]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="355 - 410" refId="ref62365" refString="Malmgren, A. J. (1866) Nordiska Hafs-Annulater. Ofversigt af Konglia Vetenskaps-Akademiens Forhandlingar, Stockholm, 22, 355 - 410." type="journal article" year="1866">Malmgren, 1866: 390</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDB36B4FF9FFFD3FF66A501C7D2A567" blockId="12.[151,786,1597,1680]" box="[151,470,1628,1650]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB74119AFF9FFFD3FF66A501C7D2A567" box="[151,470,1628,1650]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<treatmentCitation id="0AC510A5FF9FFFD3FF66A501C7D6A567" author="Hessle, C." box="[151,466,1628,1650]" page="219" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" year="1917">
<taxonomicName id="4C644D37FF9FFFD3FF66A501C7D6A567" authority="Hessle, 1917: 219" authorityName="Hessle" authorityPageNumber="219" authorityYear="1917" box="[151,466,1628,1650]" class="Polychaeta" family="Terebellidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Annelida" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Polycirrinae">
Polycirrinae
<bibRefCitation id="EFF54B45FF9FFFD3FEE8A501C7D6A567" author="Hessle, C." box="[281,466,1628,1650]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="39 - 258" refId="ref61322" refString="Hessle, C. (1917) Zur Kenntnis der terebellomorphen Polychaeten. Zoologiska Bidrag fran Uppsala, 5, 39 - 258." type="journal article" year="1917">Hessle, 1917: 219</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDB36B4FF9FFFD3FF66A527C516A585" blockId="12.[151,786,1597,1680]" box="[151,786,1658,1680]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB74119AFF9FFFD3FF66A527C516A585" box="[151,786,1658,1680]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<treatmentCitation id="0AC510A5FF9FFFD3FF66A527C50BA585" author="Nogueira, J. M. &amp; Fitzhugh, K. &amp; Hutchings, P." box="[151,783,1658,1680]" page="236" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" year="2013">
<taxonomicName id="4C644D37FF9FFFD3FF66A527C50BA585" authority="Nogueira, Fitzhugh &amp; Hutchings, 2013: 235 - 236" authorityName="Nogueira, Fitzhugh &amp; Hutchings" authorityPageNumber="235 - 236" authorityYear="2013" box="[151,783,1658,1680]" class="Polychaeta" family="Polycirridae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Annelida" rank="family">
Polycirridae
<bibRefCitation id="EFF54B45FF9FFFD3FEE8A527C50BA585" author="Nogueira, J. M. &amp; Fitzhugh, K. &amp; Hutchings, P." box="[281,783,1658,1680]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="186 - 238" refId="ref62805" refString="Nogueira, J. M., Fitzhugh, K. &amp; Hutchings, P. (2013) The continuing challenge of phylogenetic relationships in Terebelliformia (Annelida: Polychaeta). Invertebrate Systematics, 27, 186 - 238. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1071 / IS 12062" type="journal article" year="2013">Nogueira, Fitzhugh &amp; Hutchings, 2013: 235–236</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37E653FFF9FFFD3FF66A5E0C442A408" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BDB36B4FF9FFFD3FF66A5E0C442A408" blockId="12.[151,1436,1725,2038]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<emphasis id="B910EAA6FF9FFFD3FF66A5E0C70EA5C3" bold="true" box="[151,266,1725,1750]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Diagnosis</emphasis>
. Abranchiate
<taxonomicName id="4C644D37FF9FFFD3FE58A5E0C42EA5C3" authorityName="Dales" authorityYear="1962" box="[425,554,1725,1750]" class="Polychaeta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Annelida" rank="order">Terebellida</taxonomicName>
; expanded circular upper lip that may be folded into three lobes (= trilobed or trefoiled) carrying two or
<specimenCount id="9D62FD3DFF9FFFD3FE35A5BCC444A5EF" box="[452,576,1761,1786]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="generic" typeStatus="types">three types</specimenCount>
of tentacles; segment 2 distinctly narrower than adjacent segments; paired ventro-lateral pads (= shields) present.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37E653FFF9FFFD2FF36A474C56BA2B9" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="14" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BDB36B4FF9FFFD3FF36A474C35DA4E3" blockId="12.[151,1436,1725,2038]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<emphasis id="B910EAA6FF9FFFD3FF36A474C730A457" bold="true" box="[199,308,1833,1858]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Remarks</emphasis>
. The subfamily
<taxonomicName id="4C644D37FF9FFFD3FE18A474C476A457" authorityName="Hessle" authorityYear="1917" box="[489,626,1833,1858]" class="Polychaeta" family="Terebellidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Annelida" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Polycirrinae">Polycirrinae</taxonomicName>
was erected by
<bibRefCitation id="EFF54B45FF9FFFD3FCD5A474C5EEA457" author="Malmgren, A. J." box="[804,1002,1833,1858]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="355 - 410" refId="ref62365" refString="Malmgren, A. J. (1866) Nordiska Hafs-Annulater. Ofversigt af Konglia Vetenskaps-Akademiens Forhandlingar, Stockholm, 22, 355 - 410." type="journal article" year="1866">Malmgren (1866)</bibRefCitation>
to include
<taxonomicName id="4C644D37FF9FFFD3FB94A474C369A457" authority="Grube, 1850" authorityName="Grube" authorityYear="1850" box="[1125,1389,1833,1858]" class="Polychaeta" family="Terebellidae" genus="Polycirrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B910EAA6FF9FFFD3FB94A474C2DFA457" box="[1125,1243,1833,1858]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Polycirrus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFF54B45FF9FFFD3FB13A474C369A457" author="Grube, A. E." box="[1250,1389,1833,1858]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="249 - 364" refId="ref60795" refString="Grube, A. E. (1850) Die Familien der Anneliden. Archiv fur Naturgeschichte Berlin, 1691, 249 - 364." type="journal article" year="1850">Grube, 1850</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
and four other genera described by him in the same paper:
<taxonomicName id="4C644D37FF9FFFD3FCFCA413C55FA470" box="[781,859,1870,1893]" class="Gastropoda" family="Epitoniidae" genus="Amaea" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B910EAA6FF9FFFD3FCFCA413C55FA470" box="[781,859,1870,1893]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Amaea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(now
<taxonomicName id="4C644D37FF9FFFD3FC57A413C214A470" authorityName="Hartman" authorityYear="1959" box="[934,1040,1870,1893]" class="Polychaeta" family="Terebellidae" genus="Amaeana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B910EAA6FF9FFFD3FC57A413C214A470" box="[934,1040,1870,1893]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Amaeana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
),
<taxonomicName id="4C644D37FF9FFFD3FBD8A410C286A473" authorityName="Malmgren" authorityYear="1866" box="[1065,1154,1869,1894]" class="Polychaeta" family="Terebellidae" genus="Ereutho" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B910EAA6FF9FFFD3FBD8A410C286A473" box="[1065,1154,1869,1894]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Ereutho</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C644D37FF9FFFD3FB63A413C30CA470" authorityName="Malmgren" authorityYear="1866" box="[1170,1288,1870,1893]" class="Polychaeta" family="Terebellidae" genus="Leucariste" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B910EAA6FF9FFFD3FB63A413C30CA470" box="[1170,1288,1870,1893]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Leucariste</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="4C644D37FF9FFFD3FAB8A410C391A473" box="[1353,1429,1869,1894]" class="Polychaeta" family="Terebellidae" genus="Lysilla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B910EAA6FF9FFFD3FAB8A410C391A473" box="[1353,1429,1869,1894]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Lysilla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Since then
<taxonomicName id="4C644D37FF9FFFD3FEE5A42CC443A49F" authority="Levinsen, 1893" authorityName="Levinsen" authorityYear="1893" box="[276,583,1905,1930]" class="Polychaeta" family="Terebellidae" genus="Hauchiella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B910EAA6FF9FFFD3FEE5A42CC795A49F" box="[276,401,1905,1930]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Hauchiella</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFF54B45FF9FFFD3FE66A42CC443A49F" author="Levinsen, G. M. R." box="[407,583,1905,1930]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="321 - 464" refId="ref62262" refString="Levinsen, G. M. R. (1893) Annulata, Hydroidae, Anthozoa, Porifera. Udbytte af Kanonbaaden &quot; Hauche &quot; togter i de Danske indenfor Skagen i Aarene, 321 - 464" type="book chapter" year="1893">Levinsen, 1893</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C644D37FF9FFFD3FDA3A42CC5B1A49F" authority="Webster, 1879" authorityName="Webster" authorityYear="1879" box="[594,949,1905,1930]" class="Polychaeta" family="Terebellidae" genus="Enoplobranchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B910EAA6FF9FFFD3FDA3A42CC50FA49F" box="[594,779,1905,1930]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Enoplobranchus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFF54B45FF9FFFD3FCE3A42CC5B1A49F" author="Webster, H. E." box="[786,949,1905,1930]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="202 - 269" refId="ref63714" refString="Webster, H. E. (1879) Annelida chaetopoda of the Virginian coast. Transactions of the Albany Institute New York, 9, 202 - 269." type="journal article" year="1879">Webster, 1879</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="4C644D37FF9FFFD3FC01A42FC320A49F" authority="Polloni et al., 1973" authorityName="Polloni" authorityYear="1973" box="[1008,1316,1905,1930]" class="Polychaeta" family="Terebellidae" genus="Biremis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B910EAA6FF9FFFD3FC01A42FC242A49C" box="[1008,1094,1906,1929]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Biremis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFF54B45FF9FFFD3FBBCA42CC320A49F" author="Polloni, P. T. &amp; Rowe, G. T. &amp; Teal, J. M." box="[1101,1316,1905,1930]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="170 - 175" refId="ref63029" refString="Polloni, P. T., Rowe, G. T. &amp; Teal, J. M. (1973) Biremis blandi (Polychaeta: Terebellidae), new genus, new species, caught by D. S. R. V. &quot; Alvin &quot; in the Tongue of the Ocean, new providence, Bahamas. Marine Biology, 20 (2), 170 - 175. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1007 / BF 00351456" type="journal article" year="1973">
Polloni
<emphasis id="B910EAA6FF9FFFD3FB54A42FC2E1A49F" box="[1189,1253,1905,1930]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">et al.,</emphasis>
1973
</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
have been added to the subfamily (
<bibRefCitation id="EFF54B45FF9FFFD3FE44A4C8C45DA4BB" author="Webster, H. E." box="[437,601,1941,1966]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="202 - 269" refId="ref63714" refString="Webster, H. E. (1879) Annelida chaetopoda of the Virginian coast. Transactions of the Albany Institute New York, 9, 202 - 269." type="journal article" year="1879">Webster 1879</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFF54B45FF9FFFD3FD98A4C8C4FEA4BB" author="Hessle, C." box="[617,762,1941,1966]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="39 - 258" refId="ref61322" refString="Hessle, C. (1917) Zur Kenntnis der terebellomorphen Polychaeten. Zoologiska Bidrag fran Uppsala, 5, 39 - 258." type="journal article" year="1917">Hessle 1917</bibRefCitation>
). Today, six of the eight genera are still recognised, with
<taxonomicName id="4C644D37FF9FFFD3FF66A4E4C6F4A4C7" authorityName="Malmgren" authorityYear="1866" box="[151,240,1977,2002]" class="Polychaeta" family="Terebellidae" genus="Ereutho" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B910EAA6FF9FFFD3FF66A4E4C6F4A4C7" box="[151,240,1977,2002]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Ereutho</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C644D37FF9FFFD3FED7A4E7C798A4C4" authorityName="Malmgren" authorityYear="1866" box="[294,412,1978,2001]" class="Polychaeta" family="Terebellidae" genus="Leucariste" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B910EAA6FF9FFFD3FED7A4E7C798A4C4" box="[294,412,1978,2001]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Leucariste</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
having been relegated to synonymy with
<taxonomicName id="4C644D37FF9FFFD3FC81A4E4C5E2A4C7" authorityName="Grube" authorityYear="1850" box="[880,998,1977,2002]" class="Polychaeta" family="Terebellidae" genus="Polycirrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B910EAA6FF9FFFD3FC81A4E4C5E2A4C7" box="[880,998,1977,2002]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Polycirrus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFF54B45FF9FFFD3FC04A4E4C280A4C7" author="Hessle, C." box="[1013,1156,1977,2002]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="39 - 258" refId="ref61322" refString="Hessle, C. (1917) Zur Kenntnis der terebellomorphen Polychaeten. Zoologiska Bidrag fran Uppsala, 5, 39 - 258." type="journal article" year="1917">Hessle 1917</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFF54B45FF9FFFD3FB7FA4E4C359A4C7" author="Holthe, T." box="[1166,1373,1977,2002]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="1 - 194" refId="ref61383" refString="Holthe, T. (1986 b) Polychaeta Terebellomorpha. In: Marine Invertebrates of Scandinavia No. 7. Norwegian University Press, Oslo, Norway, pp. 1 - 194." type="book chapter" year="1986">Holthe 1986b:146</bibRefCitation>
). The subfamily was elevated to family level in the cladistic analysis of terebellomorphs by
<bibRefCitation id="EFF54B45FF9FFFD3FBA8A480C350A4E3" author="Nogueira, J. M. &amp; Fitzhugh, K. &amp; Hutchings, P." box="[1113,1364,2013,2038]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="186 - 238" refId="ref62805" refString="Nogueira, J. M., Fitzhugh, K. &amp; Hutchings, P. (2013) The continuing challenge of phylogenetic relationships in Terebelliformia (Annelida: Polychaeta). Invertebrate Systematics, 27, 186 - 238. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1071 / IS 12062" type="journal article" year="2013">
Nogueira
<emphasis id="B910EAA6FF9FFFD3FB39A483C304A4E3" box="[1224,1280,2013,2038]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">et al.</emphasis>
(2013)
</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDB36B4FF9EFFD2FF36A3CAC56BA2B9" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,429]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<taxonomicName id="4C644D37FF9EFFD2FF36A3CAC754A3A5" authorityName="Hessle" authorityYear="1917" box="[199,336,151,176]" class="Polychaeta" family="Terebellidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Annelida" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Polycirrinae">Polycirrinae</taxonomicName>
was found to be monophyletic by
<bibRefCitation id="EFF54B45FF9EFFD2FD12A3CAC5C8A3A5" author="Glasby, C. J. &amp; Hutchings, P. A. &amp; Hall, K." box="[739,972,151,176]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="961 - 971" refId="ref60560" refString="Glasby, C. J., Hutchings, P. A. &amp; Hall, K. (2004) Assessment of monophyly and taxon affinities within the polychaete clade Terebelliformia (Terebellida). Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 84 (5), 961 - 971. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0025315404010252 h" type="journal article" year="2004">
Glasby
<emphasis id="B910EAA6FF9EFFD2FCCAA3C4C571A3A5" box="[827,885,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">et al.</emphasis>
(2004)
</bibRefCitation>
, supported by four synapomorphies,
<emphasis id="B910EAA6FF9EFFD2FA87A3C5C391A3BA" box="[1398,1429,152,175]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">viz</emphasis>
. loss of branchiae; trilobed upper lip; secondary notochaetae pinnate (some taxa only); and anterior venter with prominent paired lateral pads.
<bibRefCitation id="EFF54B45FF9EFFD2FE1FA382C517A3ED" author="Garraffoni, A. R. S. &amp; Lana, P. C." box="[494,787,223,248]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="605 - 626" refId="ref60443" refString="Garraffoni, A. R. S. &amp; Lana, P. C. (2008) Phylogenetic relationships within the Terebellidae (Polychaeta: Terebellida) based on morphological characters. Invertebrate Systematics, 22, 605 - 626. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1071 / IS 07006" type="journal article" year="2008">Garraffoni &amp; Lana (2008)</bibRefCitation>
also found in favour of a monophyletic
<taxonomicName id="4C644D37FF9EFFD2FB2BA382C367A3ED" authorityName="Nogueira, Fitzhugh &amp; Hutchings" authorityYear="2013" box="[1242,1379,223,248]" class="Polychaeta" family="Polycirridae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Annelida" rank="family">Polycirridae</taxonomicName>
with two synapomorphies that were essentially the same as the earlier study (prostomium with lateral expansion and ventral pads lower than the lateral pad), and two new ones (shape of the adult uncini and tube absent). In the most recent cladistic analysis of the group,
<bibRefCitation id="EFF54B45FF9EFFD2FDCDA211C537A270" author="Nogueira, J. M. &amp; Fitzhugh, K. &amp; Hutchings, P." box="[572,819,332,357]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="186 - 238" refId="ref62805" refString="Nogueira, J. M., Fitzhugh, K. &amp; Hutchings, P. (2013) The continuing challenge of phylogenetic relationships in Terebelliformia (Annelida: Polychaeta). Invertebrate Systematics, 27, 186 - 238. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1071 / IS 12062" type="journal article" year="2013">
Nogueira
<emphasis id="B910EAA6FF9EFFD2FD5BA210C4E6A270" box="[682,738,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">et al.</emphasis>
(2013)
</bibRefCitation>
confirmed the family’s monophyly and the presence of paired ventral shields as an unequivocal synapomorphy. The only other unequivocal synapomorphy in their dataset was segment 2 being distinctly narrower than adjacent segments.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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